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aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_medieval_and_early_modern_periods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_medieval_and_early_modern_periods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Late medieval and early modern periods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_medieval_and_early_modern_periods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-18th_century_to_World_War_I" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#18th_century_to_World_War_I"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>18th century to World War I</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-18th_century_to_World_War_I-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II_to_the_present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II_to_the_present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>World War II to the present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II_to_the_present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Main_sights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_sights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Main sights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Main_sights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Folklore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Folklore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Folklore</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Folklore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1812_mine_accident" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1812_mine_accident"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>1812 mine accident</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1812_mine_accident-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Air</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maritime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maritime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Maritime</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maritime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Road" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.4</span> <span>Road</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>International relations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle International relations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_-_Sister_cities_-_Partner_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_-_Sister_cities_-_Partner_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Twin towns - Sister cities - Partner cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_-_Sister_cities_-_Partner_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_Cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_Cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Sister Cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_Cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Partner_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Partner_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.3</span> <span>Partner cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Partner_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Liège</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 101 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-101" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">101 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luik_(stad)" title="Luik (stad) – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Luik (stad)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BCttich" title="Lüttich – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Lüttich" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C4%93odic" title="Lēodic – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Lēodic" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AC" title="لياج – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لياج" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lidje" title="Lidje – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Lidje" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%AB%D5%A5%D5%AA" title="Լիեժ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Լիեժ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liexa" title="Liexa – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Liexa" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyej" title="Lyej – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Lyej" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B6" title="Льеж – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Льеж" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B6" title="Льеж – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Льеж" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B6" title="Льеж – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Льеж" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B6" title="Лиеж – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лиеж" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lieja" title="Lieja – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lieja" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B6" title="Льеж – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Льеж" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_(parokya)" title="Liège (parokya) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Liège (parokya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutych" title="Lutych – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lutych" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liegi" title="Liegi – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Liegi" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BCttich" title="Lüttich – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lüttich" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B9%CE%AD%CE%B3%CE%B7" title="Λιέγη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λιέγη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lieja" title="Lieja – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lieja" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lie%C4%9Do_(urbo)" title="Lieĝo (urbo) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Lieĝo (urbo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lieja" title="Lieja – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lieja" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%98" title="لیژ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لیژ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luik_(st%C3%AAd)" title="Luik (stêd) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Luik (stêd)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liexa" title="Liexa – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Liexa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%90%EC%A3%BC" title="리에주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="리에주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%AB%D5%A5%D5%AA" title="Լիեժ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լիեժ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B6" title="Льеж – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Льеж" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liegi" title="Liegi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Liegi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%96%27" title="לייז' – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לייז'" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%9F%E1%83%98" title="ლიეჟი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლიეჟი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B6" title="Льеж – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Льеж" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B6" title="Льеж – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Льеж" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leodium" title="Leodium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Leodium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lj%C4%93%C5%BEa" title="Ljēža – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ljēža" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9ck" title="Léck – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Léck" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lje%C5%BEas" title="Lježas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Lježas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luuk" title="Luuk – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Luuk" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liegi" title="Liegi – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Liegi" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9C" title="लीज – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="लीज" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%AC" title="لييج – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لييج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="လိဂျမြို့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လိဂျမြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luik_(stad)" title="Luik (stad) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Luik (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A5" title="リエージュ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リエージュ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B6" title="Льеж – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Льеж" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BCttich" title="Lüttich – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Lüttich" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ja" title="Lièja – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lièja" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyej" title="Lyej – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Lyej" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A6%DA%98" title="لیئژ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لیئژ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lidje" title="Lidje – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Lidje" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BCttich" title="Lüttich – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Lüttich" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BCck_(Stadt)" title="Lück (Stadt) – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Lück (Stadt)" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B6" title="Льеж – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Льеж" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B6" title="Лијеж – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лијеж" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B6" title="Льеж – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Льеж" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8C" title="ลีแยฌ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลีแยฌ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8C%D1%94%D0%B6" title="Льєж – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Льєж" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A6%D8%AC" title="لیئج – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لیئج" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27je%C5%BE" title="L'jež – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="L'jež" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_(zif)" title="Liège (zif) – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Liège (zif)" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lidje" title="Lidje – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Lidje" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luuk_(stad)" title="Luuk (stad) – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Luuk (stad)" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Liège" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%97%E6%97%A5" title="列日 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="列日" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%A9" title="ליעזש – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ליעזש" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%97%E6%97%A5" title="列日 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="列日" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luuk_(geme%C3%AAnte)" title="Luuk (gemeênte) – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Luuk (gemeênte)" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%97%E6%97%A5" title="列日 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="列日" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3992#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Li%C3%A8ge&params=50_38_23_N_05_34_14_E_region:BE_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°38′23″N</span> <span class="longitude">05°34′14″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.63972°N 5.57056°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.63972; 5.57056</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Capital of Liège province, Belgium</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Liege" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Liege_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Liege (disambiguation)">Liege (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_language plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice skin-invert-image" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/50px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/75px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/100px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size:100%; padding: 0px;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; padding-right: 3em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left">You can help <b>expand this article with text translated from <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" class="extiw" title="fr:Liège">the corresponding article</a> in French</b>.  <i><small>(December 2024)</small></i> <small>Click [show] for important translation instructions.</small></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>Machine translation, like <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deepl.com">DeepL</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/">Google Translate</a>, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.</li> <li>Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.</li> <li>You <b>must</b> provide <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia">copyright attribution</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" title="Help:Edit summary">edit summary</a> accompanying your translation by providing an <a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">interlanguage link</a> to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is <code>Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Liège]]; see its history for attribution.</code></li> <li>You may also add the template <code>{{Translated|fr|Liège}}</code> to the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Li%C3%A8ge" title="Talk:Liège">talk page</a>.</li> <li>For more guidance, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation" title="Wikipedia:Translation">Wikipedia:Translation</a>.</li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City and municipality in French Community, Belgium</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Liège</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Walloon-language text"><i lang="wa">Lîdje</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Walloon_language" title="Walloon language">Walloon</a>)</span></div><div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name"><span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">Luik</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>)</span><br /> <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Lüttich</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/City_status_in_Belgium" title="City status in Belgium">City</a> and <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Belgium" title="Municipalities of Belgium">municipality</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:285px;max-width:285px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:283px;max-width:283px"><div style="height:187px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Liege_View_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Liege_View_03.jpg/281px-Liege_View_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="281" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Liege_View_03.jpg/422px-Liege_View_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Liege_View_03.jpg/562px-Liege_View_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Liège skyline on the river <a href="/wiki/Meuse" title="Meuse">Meuse</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div style="height:90px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Liege_Palais_Princes-Eveques_R01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Liege_Palais_Princes-Eveques_R01.jpg/142px-Liege_Palais_Princes-Eveques_R01.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Liege_Palais_Princes-Eveques_R01.jpg/213px-Liege_Palais_Princes-Eveques_R01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Liege_Palais_Princes-Eveques_R01.jpg/284px-Liege_Palais_Princes-Eveques_R01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5143" data-file-height="3267" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishops%27_Palace_(Li%C3%A8ge)" title="Prince-Bishops' Palace (Liège)">Prince-Bishops' Palace</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:137px;max-width:137px"><div style="height:90px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royel_Theatre_Op%C3%A9ra_Royal_de_Wallonie-Li%C3%A8ge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Royel_Theatre_Op%C3%A9ra_Royal_de_Wallonie-Li%C3%A8ge.jpg/135px-Royel_Theatre_Op%C3%A9ra_Royal_de_Wallonie-Li%C3%A8ge.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Royel_Theatre_Op%C3%A9ra_Royal_de_Wallonie-Li%C3%A8ge.jpg/203px-Royel_Theatre_Op%C3%A9ra_Royal_de_Wallonie-Li%C3%A8ge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Royel_Theatre_Op%C3%A9ra_Royal_de_Wallonie-Li%C3%A8ge.jpg/270px-Royel_Theatre_Op%C3%A9ra_Royal_de_Wallonie-Li%C3%A8ge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_Royal_de_Wallonie" title="Opéra Royal de Wallonie">Opéra Royal de Wallonie</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:141px;max-width:141px"><div style="height:92px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vue_de_la_gare_des_Guillemins.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Vue_de_la_gare_des_Guillemins.jpg/139px-Vue_de_la_gare_des_Guillemins.jpg" decoding="async" width="139" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Vue_de_la_gare_des_Guillemins.jpg/209px-Vue_de_la_gare_des_Guillemins.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Vue_de_la_gare_des_Guillemins.jpg/278px-Vue_de_la_gare_des_Guillemins.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge-Guillemins_railway_station" title="Liège-Guillemins railway station">Liège-Guillemins</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:140px;max-width:140px"><div style="height:92px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Montagne_de_Bueren_R08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Montagne_de_Bueren_R08.jpg/138px-Montagne_de_Bueren_R08.jpg" decoding="async" width="138" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Montagne_de_Bueren_R08.jpg/207px-Montagne_de_Bueren_R08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Montagne_de_Bueren_R08.jpg/276px-Montagne_de_Bueren_R08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4854" data-file-height="3236" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Montagne_de_Bueren" title="Montagne de Bueren">Montagne de Bueren</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:77px;max-width:77px"><div style="height:93px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Li%C3%A8ge_Cath%C3%A9drale_St._Paul_Innen_Langhaus_Ost_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Saint Paul's Cathedral in Liège, the vault of the nave" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Li%C3%A8ge_Cath%C3%A9drale_St._Paul_Innen_Langhaus_Ost_2.jpg/75px-Li%C3%A8ge_Cath%C3%A9drale_St._Paul_Innen_Langhaus_Ost_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Li%C3%A8ge_Cath%C3%A9drale_St._Paul_Innen_Langhaus_Ost_2.jpg/113px-Li%C3%A8ge_Cath%C3%A9drale_St._Paul_Innen_Langhaus_Ost_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Li%C3%A8ge_Cath%C3%A9drale_St._Paul_Innen_Langhaus_Ost_2.jpg/150px-Li%C3%A8ge_Cath%C3%A9drale_St._Paul_Innen_Langhaus_Ost_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3392" data-file-height="4239" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_Cathedral" title="Liège Cathedral">Saint Paul's Cathedral</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:138px;max-width:138px"><div style="height:93px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eglise-liege-stbarthelemy-janvier2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Eglise-liege-stbarthelemy-janvier2006.jpg/136px-Eglise-liege-stbarthelemy-janvier2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="136" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Eglise-liege-stbarthelemy-janvier2006.jpg/204px-Eglise-liege-stbarthelemy-janvier2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Eglise-liege-stbarthelemy-janvier2006.jpg/272px-Eglise-liege-stbarthelemy-janvier2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="823" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Collegiate_Church_of_St._Bartholomew" class="mw-redirect" title="Collegiate Church of St. Bartholomew">Collegiate Church of St. Bartholomew</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:64px;max-width:64px"><div style="height:93px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Li%C3%A8ge_JPG03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Li%C3%A8ge_JPG03.jpg/62px-Li%C3%A8ge_JPG03.jpg" decoding="async" width="62" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Li%C3%A8ge_JPG03.jpg/93px-Li%C3%A8ge_JPG03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Li%C3%A8ge_JPG03.jpg/124px-Li%C3%A8ge_JPG03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1664" data-file-height="2496" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Perron_(columnar_monument)" title="Perron (columnar monument)">Perron</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LuikVlag.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Liège"><img alt="Flag of Liège" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/LuikVlag.svg/100px-LuikVlag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/LuikVlag.svg/150px-LuikVlag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/LuikVlag.svg/200px-LuikVlag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Luik_stadswapen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Liège"><img alt="Coat of arms of Liège" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Luik_stadswapen.svg/39px-Luik_stadswapen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="39" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Luik_stadswapen.svg/59px-Luik_stadswapen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Luik_stadswapen.svg/78px-Luik_stadswapen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="463" data-file-height="944" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; height:5px;">Location of Liège</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <div class="center" style="margin-top:1em"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="200" data-zoom="10" data-overlays="["_23455668cf3d9fc193b2a589850d6e96a970e887"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,270x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Li%C3%A8ge&revid=1274773499&groups=_23455668cf3d9fc193b2a589850d6e96a970e887" width="270" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,270x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Li%C3%A8ge&revid=1274773499&groups=_23455668cf3d9fc193b2a589850d6e96a970e887 2x" alt="Map" /></a></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgium_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Liège is located in Belgium"><img alt="Liège is located in Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Belgium_location_map.svg/250px-Belgium_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Belgium_location_map.svg/375px-Belgium_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Belgium_location_map.svg/500px-Belgium_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1136" data-file-height="988" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:44.626%;left:71.714%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Liège"><img alt="Liège" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Liège</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Belgium <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="margin-top:2px; border:1px solid grey;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; font-size:115%; text-align: left; height:auto; padding:0.2em; padding-left:0.6em; padding-right:2em;">The municipality of Liège in the province of Liège</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: center;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Li%C3%A8ge_Li%C3%A8ge_Belgium_Map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Li%C3%A8ge_Li%C3%A8ge_Belgium_Map.svg/240px-Li%C3%A8ge_Li%C3%A8ge_Belgium_Map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Li%C3%A8ge_Li%C3%A8ge_Belgium_Map.svg/360px-Li%C3%A8ge_Li%C3%A8ge_Belgium_Map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Li%C3%A8ge_Li%C3%A8ge_Belgium_Map.svg/480px-Li%C3%A8ge_Li%C3%A8ge_Belgium_Map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="977" data-file-height="721" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Li%C3%A8ge&params=50_38_23_N_05_34_14_E_region:BE_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°38′23″N</span> <span class="longitude">05°34′14″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.63972°N 5.57056°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.63972; 5.57056</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Communities,_regions_and_language_areas_of_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium">Community</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/French_Community_of_Belgium" title="French Community of Belgium">French Community</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Communities,_regions_and_language_areas_of_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wallonia" title="Wallonia">Wallonia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Belgium" title="Provinces of Belgium">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_(province)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liège (province)">Liège</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Arrondissements_of_Belgium#Administrative" title="Arrondissements of Belgium">Arrondissement</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Arrondissement of Liège">Liège</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Willy_Demeyer" title="Willy Demeyer">Willy Demeyer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(francophone_Belgium)" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Party (francophone Belgium)">PS</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Governing party/ies</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(francophone_Belgium)" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Party (francophone Belgium)">PS</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mouvement_r%C3%A9formateur" class="mw-redirect" title="Mouvement réformateur">MR</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">68.65 km<sup>2</sup> (26.51 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2022-01-01)<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-354c41bf74d0f15c07c40ab0a8c1dd9bfadc1f49-v18_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-354c41bf74d0f15c07c40ab0a8c1dd9bfadc1f49-v18-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">195,278</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">2,800/km<sup>2</sup> (7,400/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Belgium" title="Postal codes in Belgium">Postal codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">4000–4032</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/NIS_code" title="NIS code">NIS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">62063</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Belgium" title="Telephone numbers in Belgium">Area codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data">04</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liege.be/">liege.be</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_of_Li%C3%A8ge.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Logo_of_Li%C3%A8ge.png/70px-Logo_of_Li%C3%A8ge.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Logo_of_Li%C3%A8ge.png/105px-Logo_of_Li%C3%A8ge.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Logo_of_Li%C3%A8ge.png/140px-Logo_of_Li%C3%A8ge.png 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="950" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Logo" title="Logo">Logo</a> of Liège</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Liège</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="/ʒ/: 's' in 'pleasure'">ʒ</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="/ʒ/: 's' in 'pleasure'">ʒ</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">lee-<span style="font-size:90%">EZH</span>, lee-<span style="font-size:90%">AYZH</span></i></a>;<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ljɛʒ]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-4" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/d3\/Fr-Li%C3%A8ge.ogg\/Fr-Li%C3%A8ge.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Fr-Li\u00e8ge.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/Fr-Li%C3%A8ge.ogg/Fr-Li%C3%A8ge.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Fr-Li%C3%A8ge.ogg" title="File:Fr-Liège.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>; <a href="/wiki/Walloon_language" title="Walloon language">Walloon</a>: <i lang="wa">Lîdje</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="wa-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Walloon" title="Help:IPA/Walloon">[liːtʃ]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>: <i lang="nl">Luik</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="nl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Dutch" title="Help:IPA/Dutch">[lœyk]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-5" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/2\/24\/Nl-Luik.ogg\/Nl-Luik.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Nl-Luik.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/24/Nl-Luik.ogg/Nl-Luik.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-Luik.ogg" title="File:Nl-Luik.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>; <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Lüttich</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈlʏtɪç]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-6" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/8\/88\/De-L%C3%BCttich.ogg\/De-L%C3%BCttich.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"De-L\u00fcttich.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/De-L%C3%BCttich.ogg/De-L%C3%BCttich.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:De-L%C3%BCttich.ogg" title="File:De-Lüttich.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>) is a <a href="/wiki/City_status_in_Belgium" title="City status in Belgium">city</a> and <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_in_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities in Belgium">municipality</a> of <a href="/wiki/Wallonia" title="Wallonia">Wallonia</a>, and the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_Province" title="Liège Province">province of Liège</a>, Belgium. The city is situated in the valley of the <a href="/wiki/Meuse" title="Meuse">Meuse</a>, in the east of Belgium, not far from borders with the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> (<a href="/wiki/Maastricht" title="Maastricht">Maastricht</a> is about 33 km (20.5 mi) to the north) and with <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> (<a href="/wiki/Aachen" title="Aachen">Aachen</a> is about 53 km (32.9 mi) north-east). In Liège, the Meuse meets the river <a href="/wiki/Ourthe" title="Ourthe">Ourthe</a>. The city is part of the <i><a href="/wiki/Sillon_industriel" title="Sillon industriel">sillon industriel</a></i>, the former industrial backbone of Wallonia. It still is the principal economic and cultural centre of the region. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">municipality</a> consists of the following <a href="/wiki/Deelgemeente" title="Deelgemeente">sub-municipalities</a>: <a href="/wiki/Angleur" title="Angleur">Angleur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bressoux" title="Bressoux">Bressoux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%AAn%C3%A9e" title="Chênée">Chênée</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glain" title="Glain">Glain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grivegn%C3%A9e" title="Grivegnée">Grivegnée</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jupille-sur-Meuse" title="Jupille-sur-Meuse">Jupille-sur-Meuse</a>, Liège proper, <a href="/wiki/Rocourt,_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Rocourt, Liège">Rocourt</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wandre" title="Wandre">Wandre</a>. In November 2012, Liège had 198,280 inhabitants. The <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">metropolitan area</a>, including the outer commuter zone, covers an area of 1,879 km<sup>2</sup> (725 sq mi) and had a total population of 749,110 on 1 January 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-BelMun2008_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BelMun2008-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BelMetr_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BelMetr-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This includes a total of 52 municipalities, among others, <a href="/wiki/Herstal" title="Herstal">Herstal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seraing" title="Seraing">Seraing</a>. Liège ranks as the third most populous urban area in Belgium, after <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a> and <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a>, and the fourth municipality after Antwerp, <a href="/wiki/Ghent" title="Ghent">Ghent</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charleroi" title="Charleroi">Charleroi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BelMetr_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BelMetr-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city is part of the <a href="/wiki/Meuse%E2%80%93Rhine_Euroregion" class="mw-redirect" title="Meuse–Rhine Euroregion">Meuse-Rhine Euroregion</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name is of Germanic origin and is reconstructible as *<i>liudik-</i>, from the Germanic word *<i>liudiz</i> "people", which is found in for example Dutch <i>lui(den)</i>, <i>lieden</i>, Polish "ludzie", Czech "lidé", German <i>Leute</i>, <a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a> <i>lēod</i> (English <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/lede" class="extiw" title="wikt:lede">lede</a></i>), Icelandic <i>lýður</i> ("people"), Latvian <i>ļaudis</i> ("people"), Lithuanian <i>liaudis</i> ("people"). It is found in Ukrainian as <i>liudy</i> ("people"), in Russian as russian: люди, romanised: <i>liudi</i> ("people"), in Latin as <i>Leodicum</i> or <i>Leodium</i>, in Middle Dutch as <i>ludic</i> or <i>ludeke</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Until 17 September 1946, the city's name was written <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Liége</i></span>, with the <a href="/wiki/Acute_accent" title="Acute accent">acute accent</a> instead of a <a href="/wiki/Grave_accent" title="Grave accent">grave accent</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="Why was the accent originally acute and/or why was it changed? (October 2024)">why?</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In French, Liège is associated with the epithet <i>la cité ardente</i> ("the fervent city"). This term, which emerged around 1905, originally referred to the city's history of rebellions against Burgundian rule, but was appropriated to refer to its economic dynamism during the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a chronological guide, see <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Timeline of Liège">Timeline of Liège</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_Middle_Ages">Early Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Special:EditPage/Liège">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2012</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Although settlements already existed in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Roman</a> times, the first references to Liège are from 558, when it was known as Vicus Leudicus. Around 705, <a href="/wiki/Lambert_of_Maastricht" title="Lambert of Maastricht">Saint Lambert of Maastricht</a> is credited with completing the <a href="/wiki/Christianization" title="Christianization">Christianization</a> of the region, indicating that up to the early 8th century the religious practices of antiquity had survived in some form. <a href="/wiki/Conversion_to_Christianity" title="Conversion to Christianity">Christian conversion</a> may still not have been quite universal, since Lambert was murdered in Liège and thereafter regarded as a <a href="/wiki/Christian_martyr" title="Christian martyr">martyr</a> for his faith. To enshrine St. Lambert's <a href="/wiki/Relic" title="Relic">relics</a>, his successor, <a href="/wiki/Hubertus" class="mw-redirect" title="Hubertus">Hubertus</a> (later to become St. Hubert), built a <a href="/wiki/Basilica" title="Basilica">basilica</a> near the bishop's residence which became the true nucleus of the city.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A few centuries later, the city became the capital of a <a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Prince-Bishopric of Liège">prince-bishopric</a>, which lasted from 985 till 1794. The first <a href="/wiki/Prince-bishop" title="Prince-bishop">prince-bishop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Notker_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Notker of Liège">Notger</a>, transformed the city into a major intellectual and ecclesiastical centre, which maintained its cultural importance during the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>. Pope <a href="/wiki/Clement_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="Clement VI">Clement VI</a> recruited several musicians from Liège to perform in the Papal court at <a href="/wiki/Avignon" title="Avignon">Avignon</a>, thereby sanctioning the practice of <a href="/wiki/Polyphony" title="Polyphony">polyphony</a> in the religious realm. The city was renowned for its many churches, the oldest of which, St Martin's, dates from 682. Although nominally part of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, in practice it possessed a large degree of independence.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_medieval_and_early_modern_periods">Late medieval and early modern periods</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Late medieval and early modern periods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_liege_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Map_liege_1.jpg/220px-Map_liege_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Map_liege_1.jpg/330px-Map_liege_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Map_liege_1.jpg/440px-Map_liege_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Liège in 1650</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Prince-Bishopric of Liège">Prince-Bishopric of Liège</a></div> <p>The strategic position of Liège has made it a frequent target of armies and insurgencies over the centuries. It was fortified early on with a castle on the steep hill that overlooks the city's western side. During this medieval period, three women from the Liège region made significant contributions to Christian spirituality: Elizabeth of <a href="/wiki/Spalbeek" title="Spalbeek">Spalbeek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christina_the_Astonishing" title="Christina the Astonishing">Christina the Astonishing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Marie_of_Oignies" title="Marie of Oignies">Marie of Oignies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1345, the citizens of Liège rebelled against Prince-Bishop <a href="/wiki/Engelbert_III_de_la_Marck" class="mw-redirect" title="Engelbert III de la Marck">Engelbert III de la Marck</a>, their ruler at the time, and defeated him in battle near the city. Shortly after, a unique political system formed in Liège, whereby the city's 32 <a href="/wiki/Guild" title="Guild">guilds</a> shared sole political control of the municipal government. Each person on the register of each guild was eligible to participate, and each guild's voice was equal, making it the most democratic system that the <a href="/wiki/Low_Countries" title="Low Countries">Low Countries</a> had ever known. The system spread to <a href="/wiki/Utrecht" title="Utrecht">Utrecht</a>, and left a democratic spirit in Liège that survived the Middle Ages.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the end of the <a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Liège Wars">Liège Wars</a>, a rebellion took place against rule from <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundy</a>. In 1468 Duke <a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Bold" title="Charles the Bold">Charles the Bold</a> of Burgundy, witnessed by King <a href="/wiki/Louis_XI_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XI of France">Louis XI of France</a>, captured and largely destroyed the city after a bitter siege which was ended with a successful surprise attack. The rebellion figures prominently in the plot of <a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott" title="Walter Scott">Sir Walter Scott</a>'s 1823 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Durward" title="Quentin Durward">Quentin Durward</a></i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Prince-Bishopric of Liège">Prince-Bishopric of Liège</a> was technically part of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> which, after 1477, came under the rule of the <a href="/wiki/Habsburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Habsburg">Habsburgs</a>. The reign of prince-bishop <a href="/wiki/%C3%89rard_de_La_Marck" class="mw-redirect" title="Érard de La Marck">Érard de La Marck</a> (1506–1538) coincides with the dawn of the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">Counter-Reformation</a>, the diocese of Liège was split and progressively lost its role as a regional power. By the 17th century, the bishopric of Liège became a virtual <a href="/wiki/Secundogeniture" title="Secundogeniture">Secundogeniture</a> of the Bavarian royal house of <a href="/wiki/Wittelsbach" class="mw-redirect" title="Wittelsbach">Wittelsbach</a>, with second sons of the Bavarian monarch ruling as prince-bishop. Beginning with the ascension of <a href="/wiki/Ernest_of_Bavaria" title="Ernest of Bavaria">Ernest of Bavaria</a> in 1581, Bavarian princes ruled over <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a>, <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnster" title="Münster">Münster</a>, and other bishoprics in the northwest of the Holy Roman Empire in addition to Liège. <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_of_Bavaria_(bishop)" title="Ferdinand of Bavaria (bishop)">Ferdinand of Bavaria (bishop)</a> ruled from 1612 to 1650, and <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Henry_of_Bavaria" title="Maximilian Henry of Bavaria">Maximilian Henry of Bavaria</a> ruled from 1650 to 1688.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1636, during the <a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a>, the city was besieged by Imperial forces under <a href="/wiki/Johann_von_Werth" title="Johann von Werth">Johann von Werth</a> from April to July. The army, mainly consisting of mercenaries, extensively and viciously plundered the surrounding bishopric during the siege.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="18th_century_to_World_War_I">18th century to World War I</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 18th century to World War I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Liege-Blaeu-00.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Liege-Blaeu-00.jpg/770px-Liege-Blaeu-00.jpg" decoding="async" width="770" height="430" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Liege-Blaeu-00.jpg/1155px-Liege-Blaeu-00.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Liege-Blaeu-00.jpg/1540px-Liege-Blaeu-00.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5500" data-file-height="3070" /></a><figcaption>Liège in 1627</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/John_Churchill,_1st_Duke_of_Marlborough" title="John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough">Duke of Marlborough</a> captured the city from the Bavarian prince-bishop and his French allies in 1704 during the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Spanish_Succession" title="War of the Spanish Succession">War of the Spanish Succession</a>. </p><p>In the middle of the eighteenth century the ideas of the French <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9distes" title="Encyclopédistes">Encyclopédistes</a></i> began to gain popularity in the region. Bishop <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Charles_de_Velbr%C3%BCck" title="François-Charles de Velbrück">François-Charles de Velbrück</a> (1772–84), encouraged their propagation, thus prepared the way for the <a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_Revolution" title="Liège Revolution">Liège Revolution</a> which started in the episcopal city on 18 August 1789 and led to the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Republic of Liège">Republic of Liège</a> before it was invaded by counter-revolutionary forces of the <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg monarchy</a> in 1791. </p><p>In the course of the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars:_Campaigns_of_1794" class="mw-redirect" title="French Revolutionary Wars: Campaigns of 1794">1794 campaigns of the French Revolution</a>, the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Army" title="French Revolutionary Army">French Revolutionary Army</a> took the city and imposed strongly anticlerical regime, destroying <a href="/wiki/St._Lambert%27s_Cathedral,_Li%C3%A8ge" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Lambert's Cathedral, Liège">St. Lambert's Cathedral</a>. The overthrow of the <a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Prince-Bishopric of Liège">Prince-Bishopric of Liège</a> was confirmed in 1801 by the <a href="/wiki/Concordat_of_1801" title="Concordat of 1801">Concordat</a> co-signed by <a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoléon Bonaparte">Napoléon Bonaparte</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_VII" title="Pope Pius VII">Pope Pius VII</a>. France lost the city in 1815 when the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Vienna" title="Congress of Vienna">Congress of Vienna</a> awarded it to the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="United Kingdom of the Netherlands">United Kingdom of the Netherlands</a>. Dutch rule lasted only until 1830, when the <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Revolution" title="Belgian Revolution">Belgian Revolution</a> led to the establishment of an independent, Catholic and neutral Belgium which incorporated Liège. After this, Liège developed rapidly into a major industrial city which became one of continental Europe's first large-scale steel making centres. The <a href="/wiki/Walloon_Jacquerie_of_1886" class="mw-redirect" title="Walloon Jacquerie of 1886">Walloon Jacquerie of 1886</a> saw a large-scale working class revolt.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No less than 6,000 regular troops were called into the city to quell the unrest,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while strike spread through the whole <a href="/wiki/Sillon_industriel" title="Sillon industriel">sillon industriel</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Henri_Georges-_Quai_de_la_Goffe,_Liege_(1).tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Henri_Georges-_Quai_de_la_Goffe%2C_Liege_%281%29.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Henri_Georges-_Quai_de_la_Goffe%2C_Liege_%281%29.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Henri_Georges-_Quai_de_la_Goffe%2C_Liege_%281%29.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Henri_Georges-_Quai_de_la_Goffe%2C_Liege_%281%29.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Henri_Georges-_Quai_de_la_Goffe%2C_Liege_%281%29.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Henri_Georges-_Quai_de_la_Goffe%2C_Liege_%281%29.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3280" data-file-height="2185" /></a><figcaption>Quai de la Goffe</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Fortified_Position_of_Li%C3%A8ge" class="mw-redirect" title="Fortified Position of Liège">Liège's fortifications</a> were redesigned by <a href="/wiki/Henri_Alexis_Brialmont" title="Henri Alexis Brialmont">Henri Alexis Brialmont</a> in the 1880s and a <a href="/wiki/Fortified_Position_of_Li%C3%A8ge" class="mw-redirect" title="Fortified Position of Liège">chain of twelve forts</a> was constructed around the city to provide <a href="/wiki/Defence_in_depth" title="Defence in depth">defence in depth</a>. This presented a major obstacle to the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_German_Army" title="Imperial German Army">Imperial German Army</a> in 1914, whose <a href="/wiki/Schlieffen_Plan" title="Schlieffen Plan">Schlieffen Plan</a> relied on being able to quickly pass through the Meuse valley and the <a href="/wiki/Ardennes" title="Ardennes">Ardennes</a> en route to France. The <a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_Belgium_(1914)" title="German invasion of Belgium (1914)">German invasion of Belgium</a> on 5 August 1914 soon reached Liège, which was defended by 30,000 troops under General <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Leman" title="Gérard Leman">Gérard Leman</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Battle of Liège">Battle of Liège</a>. The forts initially held off General <a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Kluck" title="Alexander von Kluck">Alexander von Kluck</a>'s <a href="/wiki/1st_Army_(German_Empire)" title="1st Army (German Empire)">German First Army</a> of about 100,000 men but were pulverised into submission by a five-day bombardment by heavy artillery, including thirty-two 21 cm mortars and two German 42 cm <a href="/wiki/Big_Bertha_(Howitzer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Bertha (Howitzer)">Big Bertha</a> <a href="/wiki/Howitzer" title="Howitzer">howitzers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to faulty planning of the protection of the underground defence tunnels beneath the main citadel, one direct artillery hit caused a huge explosion, which eventually led to the surrender of the Belgian forces. The Belgian resistance was shorter than had been intended, but the twelve days of delay caused by the siege nonetheless contributed to the eventual failure of the German invasion of France. The city was subsequently occupied by the Germans until the end of the war. Liège received the <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9gion_d%27Honneur" class="mw-redirect" title="Légion d'Honneur">Légion d'Honneur</a> for its resistance in 1914. </p><p>As part of Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Theobald_von_Bethmann_Hollweg" title="Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg">Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Septemberprogramm" title="Septemberprogramm">Septemberprogramm</a>, Berlin planned to annexe Liege under the name Lüttich to the <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a> in any post-war peace agreement.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II_to_the_present">World War II to the present</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: World War II to the present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Inauguration_de_la_statue_de_Charlemagne_%C3%A0_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Inauguration_de_la_statue_de_Charlemagne_%C3%A0_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg/220px-Inauguration_de_la_statue_de_Charlemagne_%C3%A0_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Inauguration_de_la_statue_de_Charlemagne_%C3%A0_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg/330px-Inauguration_de_la_statue_de_Charlemagne_%C3%A0_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Inauguration_de_la_statue_de_Charlemagne_%C3%A0_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg/440px-Inauguration_de_la_statue_de_Charlemagne_%C3%A0_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4066" data-file-height="2754" /></a><figcaption>Inauguration of the statue of Charlemagne, 26 July 1868</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_Belgium_(1940)" title="German invasion of Belgium (1940)">Germans returned in 1940</a>, this time taking the forts in only three days. Most <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Belgium" title="History of the Jews in Belgium">Jews</a> were saved, with the help of the sympathetic population, as many Jewish children and refugees were hidden in the numerous monasteries. <a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Belgium" title="Liberation of Belgium">Liege was liberated</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Second_Army_(United_Kingdom)" title="Second Army (United Kingdom)">British Second Army</a> in September 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the war ended, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Question" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Question">Royal Question</a> came to the fore, since many saw King <a href="/wiki/Leopold_III_of_Belgium" title="Leopold III of Belgium">Leopold III</a> as collaborating with the Germans during the war. In July 1950, <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Renard" title="André Renard">André Renard</a>, leader of the <a href="/wiki/General_Federation_of_Belgian_Labour" class="mw-redirect" title="General Federation of Belgian Labour">Liègian FGTB</a> launched the <a href="/wiki/General_strike_against_Leopold_III_of_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="General strike against Leopold III of Belgium">General strike against Leopold III of Belgium</a> and "seized control over the city of Liège".<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The strike ultimately led to Leopold's abdication. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_Ball_Express_Loading.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Red_Ball_Express_Loading.jpg/220px-Red_Ball_Express_Loading.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Red_Ball_Express_Loading.jpg/330px-Red_Ball_Express_Loading.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Red_Ball_Express_Loading.jpg/440px-Red_Ball_Express_Loading.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="481" /></a><figcaption>1944: Soldiers of the US Army 4185th Quartermaster Service Company loading a <a href="/wiki/Red_Ball_Express" title="Red Ball Express">Red Ball Express</a> truck at Liège.</figcaption></figure><p>. </p><p>Liège began to suffer from a relative decline of its industry, particularly the coal industry, and later the steel industry, producing high levels of unemployment and stoking social tension. During the <a href="/wiki/1960%E2%80%931961_Winter_General_Strike" class="mw-redirect" title="1960–1961 Winter General Strike">1960–1961 Winter General Strike</a>, disgruntled workers went on a rampage and severely damaged the central railway station Guillemins. The unrest was so intense that "army troops had to wade through <a href="/wiki/Caltrop" title="Caltrop">caltrops</a>, trees, concrete blocks, car and crane wrecks to advance. Streets were dug up. Liège saw the worst fighting on 6 January 1961. In all, 75 people were injured during seven hours of street battles."<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 6 December 1985, the city's courthouse was heavily damaged and one person was killed in a <a href="/wiki/1985_Li%C3%A8ge_bombing" title="1985 Liège bombing">bomb attack by a lawyer</a>. </p><p>Liège is also known as a traditionally <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialist</a> city. In 1991, powerful Socialist <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Cools" title="André Cools">André Cools</a>, a former Deputy Prime Minister, was gunned down in front of his girlfriend's apartment. Many suspected that the assassination was related to a corruption scandal which swept the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(francophone_Belgium)" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Party (francophone Belgium)">Socialist Party</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Government_of_Belgium" title="Federal Government of Belgium">Belgian Federal Government</a> in general, after Cools' death. Two men were sentenced to twenty years in jail in 2004, for involvement in Cools' murder. </p><p>Liège has shown some signs of economic recovery in recent years with the opening up of borders within the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>, surging steel prices, and improved administration.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Several new shopping centres have been built, and numerous repairs carried out.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On 13 December 2011, there was a <a href="/wiki/2011_Li%C3%A8ge_attack" title="2011 Liège attack">grenade and gun attack</a> at <a href="/wiki/Place_Saint-Lambert" title="Place Saint-Lambert">Place Saint-Lambert</a>. An attacker, later identified as Nordine Amrani, aged 33, armed with grenades and an assault rifle, attacked people waiting at a bus stop. There were six fatalities, including the attacker (who shot himself), and 123 people were injured.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 29 May 2018, two female police officers and one civilian—a 22-year-old man—were <a href="/wiki/2018_Li%C3%A8ge_attack" title="2018 Liège attack">shot dead by a gunman</a> near a café on Boulevard d'Avroy in central Liège. The attacker then began firing at the officers in an attempt to escape, injuring a number of them "around their legs", before he was shot dead. Belgian broadcaster <a href="/wiki/RTBF" title="RTBF">RTBF</a> said the gunman was temporarily released from prison on 28 May where he had been serving time on drug offences. The incident is currently being treated as terrorism.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In spite of its inland position Liège has a <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">maritime climate</a> influenced by the mildening sea winds originating from the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Stream" title="Gulf Stream">Gulf Stream</a>, travelling over Belgium's interior. As a result, Liège has very mild winters for its latitude and inland position, especially compared to areas in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Far_East" title="Russian Far East">Russian Far East</a> and the fellow Francophone province of <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>. Summers are also moderated by the maritime air, with average temperatures being similar to areas as far north as in <a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavia</a>. Being inland though, Liège has a relatively low winter <a href="/wiki/Seasonal_lag" title="Seasonal lag">seasonal lag</a>. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Liège (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1949−present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.3<br />(59.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4<br />(75.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.9<br />(84.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.8<br />(91.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.9<br />(94.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF0D00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.5<br />(103.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.1<br />(97.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.3<br />(91.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.3<br />(79.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.1<br />(61.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF0D00; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">39.5<br />(103.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFCC99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.9<br />(53.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC184; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.4<br />(56.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9<br />(73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.8<br />(80.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.3<br />(86.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.1<br />(89.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.6<br />(88.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.6<br />(79.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8710; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.8<br />(71.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.3<br />(61.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC892; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.4<br />(54.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">34.0<br />(93.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4<br />(43.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3<br />(45.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1<br />(52.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB368; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.4<br />(59.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.0<br />(71.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1<br />(75.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9327; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1<br />(68.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB368; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.4<br />(59.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2<br />(50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8<br />(44.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.2<br />(59.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.7<br />(38.7) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2<br />(39.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.1<br />(44.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4<br />(50.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.2<br />(57.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFCD9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7<br />(53.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4<br />(45.3) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.4<br />(39.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A2; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">11.2<br />(52.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(34.0) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(34.0) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.1<br />(37.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5<br />(41.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4<br />(48.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC790; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.5<br />(54.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5<br />(58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.1<br />(57.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1<br />(52.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0<br />(46.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5<br />(40.1) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0<br />(35.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">7.2<br />(45.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #C2C2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.7<br />(19.9) </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.9<br />(21.4) </td> <td style="background: #D4D4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.3<br />(26.1) </td> <td style="background: #E2E2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.8<br />(30.6) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7<br />(36.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFE0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7<br />(44.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.3<br />(48.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1<br />(48.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1<br />(43.0) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.5<br />(34.7) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.8<br />(28.8) </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.0<br />(23.0) </td> <td style="background: #B5B5FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−9.2<br />(15.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #7B7BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−19.8<br />(−3.6) </td> <td style="background: #8181FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−18.8<br />(−1.8) </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−16.7<br />(1.9) </td> <td style="background: #C7C7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.8<br />(21.6) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.7<br />(28.9) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2<br />(34.2) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7<br />(36.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5<br />(40.1) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(32.0) </td> <td style="background: #CCCCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.8<br />(23.4) </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.9<br />(16.0) </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−16.1<br />(3.0) </td> <td style="background: #7B7BFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−19.8<br />(−3.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #93FF93; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.2<br />(2.84) </td> <td style="background: #93FF93; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.9<br />(2.59) </td> <td style="background: #A5FFA5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.1<br />(2.37) </td> <td style="background: #ADFFAD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.7<br />(2.07) </td> <td style="background: #9AFF9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.7<br />(2.67) </td> <td style="background: #85FF85; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.6<br />(3.09) </td> <td style="background: #89FF89; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.9<br />(3.11) </td> <td style="background: #80FF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85.2<br />(3.35) </td> <td style="background: #97FF97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.5<br />(2.66) </td> <td style="background: #9AFF9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.4<br />(2.65) </td> <td style="background: #95FF95; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.3<br />(2.69) </td> <td style="background: #7AFF7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">89.1<br />(3.51) </td> <td style="background: #93FF93; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">853.7<br />(33.61) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #5A5AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.3 </td> <td style="background: #5959FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.2 </td> <td style="background: #6E6EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7 </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5 </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7 </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0 </td> <td style="background: #7979FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8 </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7 </td> <td style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9 </td> <td style="background: #7676FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1 </td> <td style="background: #5D5DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.7 </td> <td style="background: #4242FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.3 </td> <td style="background: #6D6DFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">138.8 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #6F6F6F; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #9E9E9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #BABA44; color:#000000;" class="notheme">130 </td> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">181 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">203 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">208 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">214 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">204 </td> <td style="background: #CACA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">159 </td> <td style="background: #B4B46A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">116 </td> <td style="background: #7E7E7E; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #595959; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">49 </td> <td style="background: #C0C024; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,670 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/Royal_Meteorological_Institute" title="Royal Meteorological Institute">Royal Meteorological Institute</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: Extremes<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Infoclimat<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 1 January 2013, the municipality of Liège had a total population of 197,013. The metropolitan area has about 750,000 inhabitants. Its inhabitants are predominantly <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>-speaking, with German and Dutch-speaking minorities. Akin to the rest of Belgium, the population of minorities has grown significantly since the 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city has become the home to large numbers of Algerian, Moroccan, Turkish, and Vietnamese immigrants. Liège also houses a significant <a href="/wiki/Black_Belgians" title="Black Belgians">Afro-Belgian</a> community.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city is a major educational hub in Belgium. There are 42,000 pupils attending more than 24 schools. The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="University of Liège">University of Liège</a>, founded in 1817, has 20,000 students. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="3">Group of origin </th> <th colspan="2">Year </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">2023<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Belgians with Belgian background </th> <td><b>85,622</b> </td> <th>43.83% </th></tr> <tr> <th>Belgians with foreign background </th> <td><b>70,590</b> </td> <th>36.14% </th></tr> <tr> <td>Neighboring country </td> <td>4,999 </td> <td>2.56% </td></tr> <tr> <td>EU27 (excluding neighboring country) </td> <td>19,077 </td> <td>9.77% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Outside EU 27 </td> <td>46,514 </td> <td>23.81% </td></tr> <tr> <th>Non-Belgians </th> <td>39,134 </td> <th>20.03% </th></tr> <tr> <td>Neighboring country </td> <td>5,077 </td> <td>2.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>EU27 (excluding neighboring country) </td> <td>11,089 </td> <td>5.68% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Outside EU 27 </td> <td>22,968 </td> <td>11.76% </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total </th> <td><b>195,346</b> </td> <th>100% </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Main_sights">Main sights</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Main sights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_heritage_sites_in_Li%C3%A8ge" title="List of protected heritage sites in Liège">List of protected heritage sites in Liège</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panorama_de_la_ville_de_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Panorama_de_la_ville_de_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg/730px-Panorama_de_la_ville_de_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg" decoding="async" width="730" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Panorama_de_la_ville_de_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg/1095px-Panorama_de_la_ville_de_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Panorama_de_la_ville_de_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg/1460px-Panorama_de_la_ville_de_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7376" data-file-height="1664" /></a><figcaption>Panorama of the city of Liège. Photo taken from the heights of the Citadel (left bank of the Meuse).</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishops%27_Palace_(Li%C3%A8ge)" title="Prince-Bishops' Palace (Liège)">The vast palace</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishops_of_Li%C3%A8ge" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince-Bishops of Liège">Prince-Bishops of Liège</a> is built on the Place St Lambert, where the old <a href="/wiki/St._Lambert%27s_Cathedral,_Li%C3%A8ge" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Lambert's Cathedral, Liège">St. Lambert's Cathedral</a> used to stand before the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>. The oldest rooms date from the 16th century. An archeological display, the <i><a href="/wiki/Arch%C3%A9oforum" title="Archéoforum">Archéoforum</a></i>, can be visited under the Place St Lambert.</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Perron_(columnar_monument)" title="Perron (columnar monument)">perron</a></i> on the nearby Place du Marché was once the symbol of justice in the Prince-Bishopric and is now the symbol of the city. It stands in front of the 17th century city hall.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Seven_collegiate_churches_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Seven collegiate churches of Liège">seven collegiate churches of Liège</a>: <ul><li>St Paul (raised to cathedral status as <a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_Cathedral" title="Liège Cathedral">Liège Cathedral</a> in 1802, after the demolition of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lambert%27s_Cathedral,_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Saint Lambert's Cathedral, Liège">St Lambert's Cathedral</a>), It contains a treasury and Saint Lambert's tomb.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_James%27s_Church,_Li%C3%A8ge" title="St James's Church, Liège">St James</a> (raised to collegiate status after the demolition of <a href="/wiki/St_Peter%27s_Church,_Li%C3%A8ge" class="mw-redirect" title="St Peter's Church, Liège">St Peter's Collegiate Church</a> in 1811). Built in the <a href="/wiki/Flamboyant" title="Flamboyant">flamboyant</a> gothic style, with an early Renaissance porch. The statues are by Liège sculptor <a href="/wiki/Jean_Del_Cour" title="Jean Del Cour">Jean Del Cour</a>. Saint-Jacques contains 29 14th-century <a href="/wiki/Misericord" title="Misericord">misericords</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Martin%27s_Basilica,_Li%C3%A8ge" title="St Martin's Basilica, Liège">St Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Denis_(Li%C3%A8ge)" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of St. Denis (Liège)">St Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_John_the_Evangelist,_Li%C3%A8ge" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of St John the Evangelist, Liège">St John the Evangelist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Cross_Church,_Li%C3%A8ge" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Cross Church, Liège">Holy Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegiate_Church_of_St._Bartholomew" class="mw-redirect" title="Collegiate Church of St. Bartholomew">St Bartholomew</a></li></ul></li> <li>The main museums in Liège are: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Boverie" title="La Boverie">La Boverie</a> (Musée des Beaux-Arts)</li> <li>Museum of <a href="/wiki/Walloons" title="Walloons">Walloon</a> Life</li> <li>Museum of Walloon Art & Religious Art (<a href="/wiki/Mosan_art" title="Mosan art">Mosan art</a>)</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Curtius_Museum" title="Curtius Museum">Grand Curtius Museum</a> is an elegantly furnished mansion from the 17th century along the river Meuse, housing collections of Egyptology, weaponry, archaeology, fine arts, religious art and Mosan art.</li></ul></li> <li>Other sites of interest include the historical city centre (the <i>Carré</i>), the Hors-Château area, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Outremeuse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Outremeuse (page does not exist)">Outremeuse</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outremeuse" class="extiw" title="fr:Outremeuse">fr</a>]</span> area, the parks and boulevards along the river Meuse, the <a href="/wiki/Citadel_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Citadel of Liège">Citadel</a>, the 374<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> steps stairway "<a href="/wiki/Montagne_de_Bueren" title="Montagne de Bueren">Montagne de Bueren</a>", leading from Hors-Château to the Citadel, 'Médiacité' shopping mall designed by <a href="/wiki/Ron_Arad_Architects" class="mw-redirect" title="Ron Arad Architects">Ron Arad Architects</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Interallied_Memorial_of_Cointe" title="Interallied Memorial of Cointe">Interallied Memorial of Cointe</a>, a complex consisting of the Sacré-Cœur church and the <a href="/wiki/Art_Deco" title="Art Deco">Art Deco</a> Memorial tower, designed by Joseph Smolderen, with a very nice view of the city and the <a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge-Guillemins_railway_station" title="Liège-Guillemins railway station">Liège-Guillemins railway station</a> designed by <a href="/wiki/Santiago_Calatrava" title="Santiago Calatrava">Santiago Calatrava</a>.</li> <li>Liège's pedestrian zone is the biggest <a href="/wiki/Pedestrian_zone" title="Pedestrian zone">pedestrian zone</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Walloon_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Walloon Region">Walloon Region</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Meuse%E2%80%93Rhine_Euroregion" class="mw-redirect" title="Meuse–Rhine Euroregion">Meuse-Rhine Euroregion</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it is also the oldest in <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>. The pedestrian zone progressively has grown since 1965 to contain the majority of the <a href="/wiki/City_centre" title="City centre">hypercentre</a> of Liège. It continues to grow today with the addition of the Rue de la Casquette on 12 December 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Li%C3%A8ge_BW_2019-08-17_12-50-39.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Prince-Bishops' Palace, residence of former Prince-Bishops of Liège"><img alt="Prince-Bishops' Palace, residence of former Prince-Bishops of Liège" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Li%C3%A8ge_BW_2019-08-17_12-50-39.jpg/170px-Li%C3%A8ge_BW_2019-08-17_12-50-39.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Li%C3%A8ge_BW_2019-08-17_12-50-39.jpg/255px-Li%C3%A8ge_BW_2019-08-17_12-50-39.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Li%C3%A8ge_BW_2019-08-17_12-50-39.jpg/340px-Li%C3%A8ge_BW_2019-08-17_12-50-39.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5626" data-file-height="3160" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishops%27_Palace_(Li%C3%A8ge)" title="Prince-Bishops' Palace (Liège)">Prince-Bishops' Palace</a>, residence of former <a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Prince-Bishopric of Liège">Prince-Bishops of Liège</a> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Palais_Curtius_Li%C3%A8ge_2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Curtius Museum, museum of archaeology and decorative arts, located on the bank of the Meuse"><img alt="Curtius Museum, museum of archaeology and decorative arts, located on the bank of the Meuse" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Palais_Curtius_Li%C3%A8ge_2017.jpg/170px-Palais_Curtius_Li%C3%A8ge_2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Palais_Curtius_Li%C3%A8ge_2017.jpg/255px-Palais_Curtius_Li%C3%A8ge_2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Palais_Curtius_Li%C3%A8ge_2017.jpg/340px-Palais_Curtius_Li%C3%A8ge_2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5428" data-file-height="3618" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Curtius_Museum" title="Curtius Museum">Curtius Museum</a>, museum of archaeology and decorative arts, located on the bank of the Meuse</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Montagne_de_Bueren_Staircase.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The stairway of the Montagne de Bueren"><img alt="The stairway of the Montagne de Bueren" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Montagne_de_Bueren_Staircase.jpg/113px-Montagne_de_Bueren_Staircase.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Montagne_de_Bueren_Staircase.jpg/170px-Montagne_de_Bueren_Staircase.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Montagne_de_Bueren_Staircase.jpg/226px-Montagne_de_Bueren_Staircase.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="5472" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The stairway of the <a href="/wiki/Montagne_de_Bueren" title="Montagne de Bueren">Montagne de Bueren</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tour_du_M%C3%A9morial_Interalli%C3%A9_-_le_Phare_de_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Art Deco Memorial tower of the Interallied Memorial of Cointe complex"><img alt="The Art Deco Memorial tower of the Interallied Memorial of Cointe complex" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tour_du_M%C3%A9morial_Interalli%C3%A9_-_le_Phare_de_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg/84px-Tour_du_M%C3%A9morial_Interalli%C3%A9_-_le_Phare_de_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tour_du_M%C3%A9morial_Interalli%C3%A9_-_le_Phare_de_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg/127px-Tour_du_M%C3%A9morial_Interalli%C3%A9_-_le_Phare_de_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tour_du_M%C3%A9morial_Interalli%C3%A9_-_le_Phare_de_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg/169px-Tour_du_M%C3%A9morial_Interalli%C3%A9_-_le_Phare_de_Li%C3%A8ge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2190" data-file-height="4400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Art Deco Memorial tower of the <a href="/wiki/Interallied_Memorial_of_Cointe" title="Interallied Memorial of Cointe">Interallied Memorial of Cointe complex</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Folklore">Folklore</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Folklore"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Special:EditPage/Liège">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2012</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tchantches2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Tchantches2.jpg/220px-Tchantches2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Tchantches2.jpg/330px-Tchantches2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Tchantches2.jpg/440px-Tchantches2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Traditional Liègian puppets</figcaption></figure> <p>The "Le Quinze Août" celebration takes place annually on 15 August in Outremeuse and celebrates the <a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Virgin Mary</a>. It is one of the biggest folkloric displays in the city, with a religious procession, a flea market, dances, concerts, and a series of popular games. Nowadays these celebrations start a few days earlier and last until the 16th. Some citizens open their doors to party goers, and serve "peket", the traditional local alcohol. This tradition is linked to the important folkloric character <i>Tchantchès</i> (<a href="/wiki/Walloon_language" title="Walloon language">Walloon</a> for <i>François</i>), a hard-headed but resourceful <a href="/wiki/Walloons" title="Walloons">Walloon</a> boy who lived during <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a>'s times. <i>Tchantchès</i> is remembered with a statue, a museum, and a number of puppets found all over the city.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Liège hosts one of the oldest and biggest <a href="/wiki/Christmas_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="Christmas Market">Christmas Markets</a> in Belgium, and the oldest <a href="/wiki/Kermesse_(festival)" title="Kermesse (festival)">kermesse</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Foire_de_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Foire de Liège">Foire de Liège</a> held each year from 28 October.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Batte_Li%C3%A8ge.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/La_Batte_Li%C3%A8ge.JPG/220px-La_Batte_Li%C3%A8ge.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/La_Batte_Li%C3%A8ge.JPG/330px-La_Batte_Li%C3%A8ge.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/La_Batte_Li%C3%A8ge.JPG/440px-La_Batte_Li%C3%A8ge.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Liège, the Sunday "Batte" market</figcaption></figure> <p>The city is well known for its very crowded folk festivals. The 15 August festival ("Le 15 août") may be the best known. The population gathers in a quarter named <i>Outre-Meuse</i> with plenty of tiny pedestrian streets and old yards. Many people come to see the procession but also to drink alcohol (mostly <a href="/wiki/Peket" title="Peket">peket</a>) and beer, eat cooked pears, <a href="/wiki/Bo%C3%BBk%C3%A8te" title="Boûkète">boûkètes</a> or sausages or simply enjoy the atmosphere until the early hours.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Saint_Nicholas" title="Saint Nicholas">Saint Nicholas</a> festival around 6 December is organized by and for the students of the University; for a few days before the event, students (wearing very dirty lab-coats) beg for money, mostly for drinking.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Liège is renowned for its nightlife.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within the pedestrian zone behind the Opera House, there is a square city block known locally as <i>Le Carré</i> (the Square) with many lively pubs which are reputed to remain open until the last customer leaves (typically around 6 am). Another active area is the Place du Marché. </p><p>The "Batte" market is where most locals visit on Sundays.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The outdoor market goes along the river Meuse and also attracts many visitors to Liège. The market typically runs from early morning to 2 o'clock in the afternoon every Sunday year long. Produce, clothing, and snack vendors are the main concentration of the market. </p><p>Liège is home to the Opéra Royal de Wallonie (English: <span lang="en">Royal Opera of Wallonia</span>) and the Orchestre Philharmonique Royal de Liège (OPRL) (English: <span lang="en">Liège Royal Philharmonic Orchestra</span>). </p><p>The city annually hosts a significant electro-rock festival <i><a href="/wiki/Les_Ardentes" title="Les Ardentes">Les Ardentes</a></i> and jazz festival <i>Jazz à Liège</i>. </p><p>Liège has active alternative cinemas, Le Churchill, Le Parc and Le Sauvenière. There are also two mainstream cinemas, the <a href="/wiki/Kinepolis" title="Kinepolis">Kinepolis</a> multiplexes. </p><p>Liège also has a particular <a href="/wiki/Walloon_language" title="Walloon language">Walloon</a> dialect, sometimes said to be one of Belgium's most distinctive. There is a large Italian community, and Italian can be heard in many places. </p> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Standard_liege_kaerjeng02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Standard_liege_kaerjeng02.jpg/220px-Standard_liege_kaerjeng02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Standard_liege_kaerjeng02.jpg/330px-Standard_liege_kaerjeng02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Standard_liege_kaerjeng02.jpg/440px-Standard_liege_kaerjeng02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Stade_Maurice_Dufrasne" title="Stade Maurice Dufrasne">Stade Maurice Dufrasne</a>, home to football club <a href="/wiki/Standard_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Standard Liège">Standard Liège</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The city has a number of football teams, most notably <a href="/wiki/Standard_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Standard Liège">Standard Liège</a>, which has won several championships and which was previously owned by <a href="/wiki/Roland_Duch%C3%A2telet" title="Roland Duchâtelet">Roland Duchâtelet</a>; and <a href="/wiki/R.F.C._de_Li%C3%A8ge" class="mw-redirect" title="R.F.C. de Liège">R.F.C. de Liège</a>, one of the oldest football clubs in Belgium, known for having refused to release player <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marc_Bosman" title="Jean-Marc Bosman">Jean-Marc Bosman</a>, a case which led to the <a href="/wiki/Bosman_ruling" title="Bosman ruling">Bosman ruling</a>. </p><p>In spring, Liège hosts the start and finish of the annual <a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge%E2%80%93Bastogne%E2%80%93Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège–Bastogne–Liège">Liège–Bastogne–Liège</a> <a href="/wiki/Road_bicycle_racing" title="Road bicycle racing">cycling race</a>, one of the <a href="/wiki/Classic_cycle_races" title="Classic cycle races">spring classics</a> and the oldest of the <a href="/wiki/Classic_cycle_races#The_"Monuments"" title="Classic cycle races">five monuments of cycling</a>. The race starts in the centre of Liège, before heading south to <a href="/wiki/Bastogne" title="Bastogne">Bastogne</a> and returning north to finish in the industrial suburb of <a href="/wiki/Ans,_Belgium" title="Ans, Belgium">Ans</a>. Traveling through the hilly <a href="/wiki/Ardennes" title="Ardennes">Ardennes</a>, it is one of the longest and most arduous races of the season.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Liège is the only city that has hosted stages of all three cycling <a href="/wiki/Grand_Tour_(cycling)" title="Grand Tour (cycling)">Grand Tours</a>. It staged the start of the <a href="/wiki/1973_Giro_d%27Italia" title="1973 Giro d'Italia">1973</a> and <a href="/wiki/2006_Giro_d%27Italia" title="2006 Giro d'Italia">2006</a> <a href="/wiki/Giro_d%27Italia" title="Giro d'Italia">Giro d'Italia</a>; as well as the <i>Grand Départ</i> of the <a href="/wiki/2004_Tour_de_France" title="2004 Tour de France">2004</a>, <a href="/wiki/2012_Tour_de_France" title="2012 Tour de France">2012</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/2017_Tour_de_France" title="2017 Tour de France">2017</a><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Tour_de_France" title="Tour de France">Tour de France</a> making it the first city outside France to host the <i>Grand Départ</i> twice or more times.<sup id="cite_ref-rdcc-route_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rdcc-route-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/2009_Vuelta_a_Espa%C3%B1a" title="2009 Vuelta a España">2009</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Vuelta_a_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Vuelta a España">Vuelta a España</a> visited Liège after four stages in the Netherlands, making Liège the first city that has hosted stages of all three cycling Grand Tours.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Liège is also home to boxer <a href="/wiki/Ermano_Fegatilli" title="Ermano Fegatilli">Ermano Fegatilli</a>, the current <a href="/wiki/European_Boxing_Union" title="European Boxing Union">European Boxing Union</a> <a href="/wiki/Super_Featherweight" class="mw-redirect" title="Super Featherweight">Super Featherweight</a> champion.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Special:EditPage/Liège">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2012</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pont_de_Fragn%C3%A9e,_Li%C3%A8ge,_Belgium_-_Flickr_-_Pierre_Blach%C3%A9.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Pont_de_Fragn%C3%A9e%2C_Li%C3%A8ge%2C_Belgium_-_Flickr_-_Pierre_Blach%C3%A9.jpg/220px-Pont_de_Fragn%C3%A9e%2C_Li%C3%A8ge%2C_Belgium_-_Flickr_-_Pierre_Blach%C3%A9.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Pont_de_Fragn%C3%A9e%2C_Li%C3%A8ge%2C_Belgium_-_Flickr_-_Pierre_Blach%C3%A9.jpg/330px-Pont_de_Fragn%C3%A9e%2C_Li%C3%A8ge%2C_Belgium_-_Flickr_-_Pierre_Blach%C3%A9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Pont_de_Fragn%C3%A9e%2C_Li%C3%A8ge%2C_Belgium_-_Flickr_-_Pierre_Blach%C3%A9.jpg/440px-Pont_de_Fragn%C3%A9e%2C_Li%C3%A8ge%2C_Belgium_-_Flickr_-_Pierre_Blach%C3%A9.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5489" data-file-height="3088" /></a><figcaption>Pont de Fragnée</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Liege_by_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Liege_by_night.jpg/220px-Liege_by_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Liege_by_night.jpg/330px-Liege_by_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Liege_by_night.jpg/440px-Liege_by_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption>Liège at night, photography taken from the <a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">ISS</a> in December 2012<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Liège is the most important city of the Walloon region from an economic perspective. In the past, Liège was one of the most important industrial centres in Europe, particularly in <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a>-making. Starting in 1817, <a href="/wiki/John_Cockerill_(industrialist)" title="John Cockerill (industrialist)">John Cockerill</a> extensively developed the iron and steel industry. The industrial complex of <a href="/wiki/Seraing" title="Seraing">Seraing</a> was the largest in the world. It once boasted numerous <a href="/wiki/Blast_furnace" title="Blast furnace">blast furnaces</a> and mills. Liège has also been an important centre for <a href="/wiki/Gunsmithing" class="mw-redirect" title="Gunsmithing">gunsmithing</a> since the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Arms_industry" title="Arms industry">arms industry</a> is still strong today, with the headquarters of <a href="/wiki/FN_Herstal" title="FN Herstal">FN Herstal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cockerill_Maintenance_%26_Ing%C3%A9nierie" class="mw-redirect" title="Cockerill Maintenance & Ingénierie">CMI Defence</a> being located in Liège. Although from 1960 on the <a href="/wiki/Secondary_sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Secondary sector">secondary sector</a> is going down and now is a mere shadow of its former self, the manufacture of steel goods remain important. </p><p>The economy of the region is now diversified; the most important centres are: Mechanical industries (<a href="/wiki/Aircraft_engine" title="Aircraft engine">Aircraft engine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spacecraft_propulsion" title="Spacecraft propulsion">Spacecraft propulsion</a>), space technology, <a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">information technology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a> and the production of <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">beer</a> or <a href="/wiki/Chocolate" title="Chocolate">chocolate</a>. Liège has an important group of headquarters dedicated to high-technology, such as <a href="/wiki/Safran" title="Safran">Techspace Aero</a>, which manufactures pieces for the <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A380" title="Airbus A380">Airbus A380</a> or the rocket <a href="/wiki/Ariane_5" title="Ariane 5">Ariane 5</a>. Other stand-out sectors include <a href="/w/index.php?title=Am%C3%B3s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amós (page does not exist)">Amós</a> which manufactures optical components for <a href="/wiki/Telescope" title="Telescope">telescopes</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Drytec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drytec (page does not exist)">Drytec</a>, which produces compressed air dryers. Liège also has many other electronic companies such as <a href="/wiki/SAP_AG" class="mw-redirect" title="SAP AG">SAP</a>, <a href="/wiki/EVS_Broadcast_Equipment" title="EVS Broadcast Equipment">EVS</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gillam_(company)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gillam (company) (page does not exist)">Gillam</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=A.N.B._Rimex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A.N.B. Rimex (page does not exist)">AnB</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Balteau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Balteau (page does not exist)">Balteau</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_Trade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IP Trade (page does not exist)">IP Trade</a>. Other prominent businesses are the global leader in light armament <a href="/wiki/FN_Herstal" title="FN Herstal">FN Herstal</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">beer</a> company <a href="/wiki/Jupiler" title="Jupiler">Jupiler</a>, the chocolate company <a href="/wiki/Galler" title="Galler">Galler</a>, and the water and soda companies <a href="/wiki/Spa_(mineral_water)" title="Spa (mineral water)">Spa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chaudfontaine" title="Chaudfontaine">Chaudfontaine</a>. A science park south east of the city, near the University of Liège campus, houses <a href="/wiki/Research_spin-off" title="Research spin-off">spin-offs</a> and high technology businesses. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1812_mine_accident">1812 mine accident</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 1812 mine accident"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1812 there were three coal pits (<i>Bure</i>) in close proximity just outside the city gates: Bure Triquenotte, Bure de Beaujone and Bure Mamonster. The first two shafts were joined underground, but the last one was a separate colliery. The shafts were 120 fathoms (720 ft; 220 m) deep. Water was led to a sump (<i>serrement</i>) from which it could be pumped to the surface. At 11:00 on 28 February 1812 the sump in the Beaujone mine failed and flooded the entire colliery. Of the 127 men down the mine at the time 35 escaped by the main shaft, but 74 were trapped. [These numbers are taken from the report, the 18 miner discrepancy is unexplained.] The trapped men attempted to dig a passageway into Mamonster. After 23 feet (7.0 m) there was a <a href="/wiki/Firedamp" title="Firedamp">firedamp</a> explosion and they realised that they had penetrated some old workings belonging to an abandoned mine, Martin Wery. The overseer, Monsieur Goffin, led the men to the point in Martin Wery which he judged closest to Mamonster and they commence to dig. By the second day they had run out of candles and dug the remainder of a 36 feet (11 m) gallery in darkness. </p><p>On the surface the only possible rescue was held to be via Mamonster. A heading was driven towards Beaujone with all possible speed, including blasting. The trapped miners heard the rescuers and vice versa. Five days after the accident communication was possible and the rescuers worked in darkness to avoid the risk of a firedamp explosion. By 7pm that evening an opening was made, 511 feet (156 m) of tunnel had been dug by hand in five days. All of the 74 miners in Goffin's part survived and were brought to the surface.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air">Air</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Air"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Li%C3%A8ge_Airport_-_Passenger_Terminal-9298.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Li%C3%A8ge_Airport_-_Passenger_Terminal-9298.jpg/220px-Li%C3%A8ge_Airport_-_Passenger_Terminal-9298.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Li%C3%A8ge_Airport_-_Passenger_Terminal-9298.jpg/330px-Li%C3%A8ge_Airport_-_Passenger_Terminal-9298.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Li%C3%A8ge_Airport_-_Passenger_Terminal-9298.jpg/440px-Li%C3%A8ge_Airport_-_Passenger_Terminal-9298.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4361" data-file-height="2453" /></a><figcaption>Passenger terminal of <a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_Airport" title="Liège Airport">Liège Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Liège is served by <a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_Airport" title="Liège Airport">Liège Airport</a>, located in Bierset, a few kilometres west of the city. It is the principal axis for the delivery of freight and in 2011 was the world's 33rd busiest cargo airport.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Passenger services are very few. It is owned by the <a href="/wiki/Wallonia" title="Wallonia">Walloon</a> government along with some private investors. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Maritime">Maritime</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Maritime"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Port of Liège">Port of Liège</a>, located on the river <a href="/wiki/Meuse" title="Meuse">Meuse</a>, is the 3rd largest <a href="/wiki/River_port" class="mw-redirect" title="River port">river port</a> in Europe. Liège also has direct links to <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Albert_Canal" title="Albert Canal">Albert Canal</a> and to Rotterdam via the river Meuse. It stretches over a distance of 26 kilometres and comprises 32 port areas and covers 3.7 square kilometres. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail">Rail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Li%C3%A8ge_Luik_L%C3%BCttich_(4411635751).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Li%C3%A8ge_Luik_L%C3%BCttich_%284411635751%29.jpg/220px-Li%C3%A8ge_Luik_L%C3%BCttich_%284411635751%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Li%C3%A8ge_Luik_L%C3%BCttich_%284411635751%29.jpg/330px-Li%C3%A8ge_Luik_L%C3%BCttich_%284411635751%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Li%C3%A8ge_Luik_L%C3%BCttich_%284411635751%29.jpg/440px-Li%C3%A8ge_Luik_L%C3%BCttich_%284411635751%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6718" data-file-height="3676" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge-Guillemins_railway_station" title="Liège-Guillemins railway station">Liège-Guillemins railway station</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Liège is served by many direct rail links with the rest of Western Europe. Its three principal stations are <a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge-Guillemins_railway_station" title="Liège-Guillemins railway station">Liège-Guillemins railway station</a>, Liège-Carré, and Liège-Saint-Lambert. The <a href="/wiki/InterCity_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="InterCity Express">InterCity Express</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thalys" title="Thalys">Thalys</a> call at Liège-Guillemins, providing direct connections to <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paris-Nord" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris-Nord">Paris-Nord</a> respectively. </p><p>Liège was once home to a network of <a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Trams in Liège">trams</a>. However, they were removed by 1967 in favour of the construction of a new metro system. A prototype of the metro was built and a tunnel was dug underneath the city, but the metro was never built. The construction of a new modern tramway has been ordered and was once scheduled to open by 2017; however the first rails were only laid in April 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Road">Road</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Road"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Liège sits at the crossroads of a number of highways including the <a href="/wiki/European_route_E25" title="European route E25">European route E25</a>, the <a href="/wiki/European_route_E42" title="European route E42">European Route E42</a>, the <a href="/wiki/European_route_E40" title="European route E40">European Route E40</a> and the <a href="/wiki/European_route_E313" title="European route E313">European Route E313</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Karel_de_Groussen_L%C3%A9ck.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Karel_de_Groussen_L%C3%A9ck.jpg/220px-Karel_de_Groussen_L%C3%A9ck.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Karel_de_Groussen_L%C3%A9ck.jpg/330px-Karel_de_Groussen_L%C3%A9ck.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Karel_de_Groussen_L%C3%A9ck.jpg/440px-Karel_de_Groussen_L%C3%A9ck.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2694" data-file-height="3889" /></a><figcaption>Statue of Charlemagne in the centre of Liège</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Li%C3%A8ge" title="List of people from Liège">List of people from Liège</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alger_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Alger of Liège">Alger of Liège</a> (11th century), learned priest</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Ancion" title="Nicolas Ancion">Nicolas Ancion</a> (born 1971), writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Arcadelt" title="Jacques Arcadelt">Jacques Arcadelt</a> (16th century), composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacer_Chadli" title="Nacer Chadli">Nacer Chadli</a> (born 1989), football player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a> (birth in Liège uncertain, 8th century), <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Franks" class="mw-redirect" title="King of the Franks">King of the Franks</a>, then crowned emperor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Ciconia" title="Johannes Ciconia">Johannes Ciconia</a> (14th century), composer, Master of the <a href="/wiki/Ars_Nova" class="mw-redirect" title="Ars Nova">Ars Nova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Darcis" title="Steve Darcis">Steve Darcis</a> (born 1984), tennis player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_d%27Outremeuse" title="Jean d'Outremeuse">Jean d'Outremeuse</a> (14th century), writer and historian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_Debie" title="Benoît Debie">Benoît Debie</a> (born 1968), cinematographer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_de_Bry" title="Theodor de Bry">Theodor de Bry</a> (1528–1598), engraver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_De_Geer_(1587%E2%80%931652)" title="Louis De Geer (1587–1652)">Louis De Geer</a> (1587–1652), introducer of Walloon <a href="/wiki/Blast_furnaces" class="mw-redirect" title="Blast furnaces">blast furnaces</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_de_Lairesse" class="mw-redirect" title="Gérard de Lairesse">Gérard de Lairesse</a> (1640–1711), painter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Maurice_Dehousse" title="Jean-Maurice Dehousse">Jean-Maurice Dehousse</a> (born 1936), politician, Walloon movement activists, first <a href="/wiki/List_of_Ministers-President_of_the_Walloon_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ministers-President of the Walloon Region">Minister-President of the Walloon Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serge_Delaive" title="Serge Delaive">Serge Delaive</a> (born 1965), writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Delcourt" title="Marie Delcourt">Marie Delcourt</a> (1891–1979), professor at the University, expert of the ancient Greek religion, Walloon movement activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Dewis" title="Louis Dewis">Louis Dewis</a> (1872–1946), pseudonym for the <a href="/wiki/Post-Impressionist" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-Impressionist">Post-Impressionist</a> painter born Louis Dewachter, leading retailer who managed the first <a href="/wiki/Chain_stores" class="mw-redirect" title="Chain stores">chain department stores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emile_Digneffe" class="mw-redirect" title="Emile Digneffe">Emile Digneffe</a> (1858–1937), lawyer and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Dupuis" title="José Dupuis">José Dupuis</a> (1833–1900), creator of many roles in Offenbach's opéras-bouffes</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermano_Fegatilli" title="Ermano Fegatilli">Ermano Fegatilli</a> (born 1984), boxer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Franck" title="César Franck">César Franck</a> (1822–1890), composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Joseph_Walther_Fr%C3%A8re-Orban" class="mw-redirect" title="Hubert Joseph Walther Frère-Orban">Hubert Joseph Walther Frère-Orban</a> (1812–1896), statesman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Gillain" title="Marie Gillain">Marie Gillain</a> (born 1975), international actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Goffin" title="David Goffin">David Goffin</a> (born 1990), tennis player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Gosswin" title="Anton Gosswin">Anton Gosswin</a> (16th century), composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A9nobe_Gramme" title="Zénobe Gramme">Zénobe Gramme</a> (1826–1901), inventor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Ernest_Modeste_Gr%C3%A9try" class="mw-redirect" title="André Ernest Modeste Grétry">André Ernest Modeste Grétry</a> (1741–1813), composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groupe_%CE%BC" title="Groupe μ">Groupe μ</a>, team of scientists</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Hartstein" title="Gary Hartstein">Gary Hartstein</a>, M.D. (born 1955), Formula 1 delegate</li> <li>Richard Heintz (1871–1929), <a href="/wiki/Post-Impressionist" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-Impressionist">Post-Impressionist</a> painter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justine_Henin" title="Justine Henin">Justine Henin</a> (born 1982), top ranked female tennis player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Hervelle" title="Axel Hervelle">Axel Hervelle</a> (born 1983), basketball player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Ista" title="Georges Ista">Georges Ista</a> (1874–1939), writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Jongen" title="Joseph Jongen">Joseph Jongen</a> (1873–1953), organist, composer, and educator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Kim" title="Sandra Kim">Sandra Kim</a> (born 1972), winner of the <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1986" title="Eurovision Song Contest 1986">Eurovision Song Contest 1986</a> for Belgium</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Lamarche" title="Caroline Lamarche">Caroline Lamarche</a> (born 1955), French-speaking writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouli_Lanners" title="Bouli Lanners">Bouli Lanners</a> (born 1965), actor, film director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_L%C3%A9onard" title="Philippe Léonard">Philippe Léonard</a> (born 1974), football player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linus_of_Li%C3%A8ge" class="mw-redirect" title="Linus of Liège">Linus of Liège</a> (1595–1675), Counter-reformation critic of Isaac Newton</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambert_Lombard" title="Lambert Lombard">Lambert Lombard</a> (1505–1566), painter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Magnette" title="Charles Magnette">Charles Magnette</a> (1863–1937), lawyer and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Malempr%C3%A9" title="Georges Malempré">Georges Malempré</a> (1944), retired UNESCO official</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Nagelmackers" title="Georges Nagelmackers">Georges Nagelmackers</a> (1845–1905), founder of the <a href="/wiki/Compagnie_Internationale_des_Wagons-Lits" title="Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits">Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Naich" title="Hubert Naich">Hubert Naich</a> (16th century), composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Ochs" title="Jacques Ochs">Jacques Ochs</a> (1883–1971), artist and Olympic fencing champion</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pippin_the_Younger" class="mw-redirect" title="Pippin the Younger">Pippin the Younger</a> (in <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Pépin le Bref</i>; born in Jupille, 8th century), <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Franks" class="mw-redirect" title="King of the Franks">King of the Franks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Pousseur" title="Henri Pousseur">Henri Pousseur</a> (1929–2009), composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armand_Rassenfosse" title="Armand Rassenfosse">Armand Rassenfosse</a> (1862–1934), painter, graphic artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Rey_(politician)" title="Jean Rey (politician)">Jean Rey</a> (1902–1983), Old Minister, Walloon movement activist <a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_European_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of the European Commission">second President of the European Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe-Charles_Schmerling" title="Philippe-Charles Schmerling">Philippe-Charles Schmerling</a>, prehistorian, founder of <a href="/wiki/Paleontology" title="Paleontology">paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustave_Serrurier-Bovy" title="Gustave Serrurier-Bovy">Gustave Serrurier-Bovy</a> (1858–1910), architect and furniture designer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Simenon" title="Georges Simenon">Georges Simenon</a> (1903–1989), novelist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanislas-Andr%C3%A9_Steeman" title="Stanislas-André Steeman">Stanislas-André Steeman</a> (1908–1970), writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haroun_Tazieff" title="Haroun Tazieff">Haroun Tazieff</a> (1914–1998), volcanologist and geologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_of_St-Thierry" title="William of St-Thierry">William of St-Thierry</a> (11th century), theologian and mystic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violetta_Villas" title="Violetta Villas">Violetta Villas</a> (1938–2011), Polish singer and actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Witsel" title="Axel Witsel">Axel Witsel</a> (born 1989), football player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Ysa%C3%BFe" title="Eugène Ysaÿe">Eugène Ysaÿe</a> (1858–1931), composer and violinist</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: International relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Belgium" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Belgium">List of twin towns and sister cities in Belgium</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twin_towns_-_Sister_cities_-_Partner_cities">Twin towns - Sister cities - Partner cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Twin towns - Sister cities - Partner cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Liège is <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">twinned</a> with (including partner cities):<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sister_Cities">Sister Cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Sister Cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nancy,_France" title="Nancy, France">Nancy</a>, France (1954)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a>, Germany (1958)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Esch-sur-Alzette" title="Esch-sur-Alzette">Esch-sur-Alzette</a>, Luxembourg (1958)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lille" title="Lille">Lille</a>, France (1958)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam">Rotterdam</a>, Netherlands (1958)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a>, Italy (1958)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo"><img alt="Democratic Republic of the Congo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/31px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lubumbashi" title="Lubumbashi">Lubumbashi</a>, Democratic Republic of the Congo (1961)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Plze%C5%88" title="Plzeň">Plzeň</a>, Czech Republic (1965)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Porto" title="Porto">Porto</a>, Portugal (1977)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a>, Poland (1978)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal"><img alt="Senegal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Saint-Louis,_Senegal" title="Saint-Louis, Senegal">Saint-Louis</a>, Senegal (1980)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Szeged" title="Szeged">Szeged</a>, Hungary (2001)</li></ul> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Volgograd" title="Volgograd">Volgograd</a>, Russia (1959) Suspended due to the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Partner_cities">Partner cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Partner cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Aachen" title="Aachen">Aachen</a>, Germany</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast"><img alt="Ivory Coast" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/23px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/35px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/45px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Abidjan" title="Abidjan">Abidjan</a>, Ivory Coast</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge</a>, United States<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bilbao" title="Bilbao">Bilbao</a>, Spain</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><img alt="Albania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elbasan" title="Elbasan">Elbasan</a>, Albania</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hasselt" title="Hasselt">Hasselt</a>, Belgium</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Heerlen" title="Heerlen">Heerlen</a>, Netherlands</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Maastricht" title="Maastricht">Maastricht</a>, Netherlands</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti"><img alt="Haiti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/23px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/35px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/46px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Port-au-Prince" title="Port-au-Prince">Port-au-Prince</a>, Haiti</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine"><img alt="Palestine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ramallah" title="Ramallah">Ramallah</a>, Palestine</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Quebec City</a>, Canada</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan"><img alt="Uzbekistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Samarkand" title="Samarkand">Samarkand</a>, Uzbekistan</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Taiyuan" title="Taiyuan">Taiyuan</a>, China</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco"><img alt="Morocco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tangier" title="Tangier">Tangier</a>, Morocco</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="University of Liège">University of Liège</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_Science_Park" title="Liège Science Park">Liège Science Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Prince-Bishopric of Liège">Bishop of Liège</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge%E2%80%93Bastogne%E2%80%93Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège–Bastogne–Liège">Liège–Bastogne–Liège</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratherius" title="Ratherius">Ratherius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_Island" title="Liège Island">Liège Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a>, named after the city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rida_(River)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rida (River)">Rida (River)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://statbel.fgov.be/sites/default/files/files/documents/bevolking/5.1%20Structuur%20van%20de%20bevolking/Bevolking_per_gemeente.xlsx">"Bevolking per gemeente op 1 januari 2022"</a>. Statbel.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bevolking+per+gemeente+op+1+januari+2022&rft.pub=Statbel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstatbel.fgov.be%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2Fbevolking%2F5.1%2520Structuur%2520van%2520de%2520bevolking%2FBevolking_per_gemeente.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALi%C3%A8ge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/amp/english/liege">"Liège"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Collins_English_Dictionary" title="Collins English Dictionary">Collins English Dictionary</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Collins+English+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Li%C3%A8ge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.collinsdictionary.com%2Famp%2Fenglish%2Fliege&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALi%C3%A8ge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/Liège">"Liège"</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2022">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> (US) and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220826135114/https://www.dictionary.com/">"Liège"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Lexico" title="Lexico">Lexico</a> UK English Dictionary</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lexico.com/definition/Li%C3%A8ge">the original</a> on 26 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Li%C3%A8ge&rft.btitle=Lexico+UK+English+Dictionary&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexico.com%2Fdefinition%2FLi%25C3%25A8ge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALi%C3%A8ge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Li%C3%A8ge">"Liège"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Merriam-Webster" title="Merriam-Webster">Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary</a></i>. Merriam-Webster<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster.com+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Li%C3%A8ge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2FLi%25C3%25A8ge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALi%C3%A8ge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BelMun2008-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BelMun2008_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://statbel.fgov.be/downloads/pop200801com.xls">Statistics Belgium; <i>Population de droit par commune au 1 janvier 2008</i> (<b>excel-file</b>)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090126165629/http://statbel.fgov.be/downloads/pop200801com.xls">Archived</a> 26 January 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Population of all municipalities in Belgium on 1 January 2008. Retrieved on 2008-10-19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BelMetr-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BelMetr_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BelMetr_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statbel.fgov.be/pub/d0/p009n014_nl.pdf">Statistics Belgium; <i>De Belgische Stadsgewesten 2001</i> (<b>pdf-file</b>)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081029020131/http://www.statbel.fgov.be/pub/d0/p009n014_nl.pdf">Archived</a> 29 October 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Definitions of metropolitan areas in Belgium. The metropolitan area of Liège is divided into three levels. First, the central agglomeration (<i>agglomeratie</i>) with 480,513 inhabitants (1 January 2008). Adding the closest surroundings (<i>banlieue</i>) gives a total of 641,591. And, including the outer commuter zone (<i>forensenwoonzone</i>) the population is 810,983. Retrieved on 2008-10-19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gtb.inl.nl/iWDB/search?actie=article&wdb=VMNW&id=ID51802">"Ludike – Vroegmiddelnederlands woordenboek"</a> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ludike+%E2%80%93+Vroegmiddelnederlands+woordenboek&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgtb.inl.nl%2FiWDB%2Fsearch%3Factie%3Darticle%26wdb%3DVMNW%26id%3DID51802&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALi%C3%A8ge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Book Collector</i>. Vol. 8 (1959), p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Room, Adrian. 2006. <i>Placenames of the World</i>. 2nd ed. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., p. 219.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Liège". 1991. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica: Micropædia</i>. Vol. 7. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, p. 344.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://be.ambafrance.org/D-ou-vient-Cite-Ardente-le-surnom">"D'où vient " Cité Ardente ", le surnom de la ville de Liège"</a>. <i>La France en Belgique</i> (in French). Embassy of France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+France+en+Belgique&rft.atitle=D%27o%C3%B9+vient+%22+Cit%C3%A9+Ardente+%22%2C+le+surnom+de+la+ville+de+Li%C3%A8ge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbe.ambafrance.org%2FD-ou-vient-Cite-Ardente-le-surnom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALi%C3%A8ge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brown, Jennifer N. Three women of Liège : a critical edition of and commentary on the Middle English lives of Elizabeth of Spalbeek, Christina Mirabilis and Marie d'Oignies. Turnhout: Brepols, 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Henri Pirenne, <i>Belgian Democracy, Its Early History</i>, Translated by J.V. Saunders, The University press, Hull 1915, pp. 140–141. Available online: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://clubliege.ru/upload/Tim/BelgianDemocracy.pdf">Belgian Democracy, Its Early History pp. 72–73.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110813183313/http://clubliege.ru/upload/Tim/BelgianDemocracy.pdf">Archived</a> 13 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Helfferich, Tryntje, The Thirty Years War: A Documentary History (Cambridge, 2009), pp. 292.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1886/03/26/103955593.pdf">"The New York Times, Published 25 March 1886"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+New+York+Times%2C+Published+25+March+1886&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1886%2F03%2F26%2F103955593.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALi%C3%A8ge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <i>The New York Times</i>, published 23 March 1886</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Robson, Stuart (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/firstworldwar0000robs_r5x1"><i>The First World War</i></a>. Internet Archive (1 ed.). Harrow, England: Pearson Longman. p. 14. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4058-2471-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4058-2471-2"><bdi>978-1-4058-2471-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+First+World+War&rft.place=Harrow%2C+England&rft.pages=14&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Pearson+Longman&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-4058-2471-2&rft.aulast=Robson&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffirstworldwar0000robs_r5x1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALi%C3%A8ge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Robson, Stuart (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/firstworldwar0000robs_r5x1"><i>The First World War</i></a>. Internet Archive (1 ed.). Harrow, England: Pearson Longman. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4058-2471-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4058-2471-2"><bdi>978-1-4058-2471-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+First+World+War&rft.place=Harrow%2C+England&rft.pages=7&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Pearson+Longman&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-4058-2471-2&rft.aulast=Robson&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffirstworldwar0000robs_r5x1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALi%C3%A8ge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Watson, Alexander. <i>Ring of Steel: Germany and Austria-Hungary at War, 1914-1918</i>. Penguin, 2014. p.258-59</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerriam2017" class="citation book cs1">Merriam, Ray (6 March 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_rxdDgAAQBAJ&q=%22liberated+by+British+troops%22&pg=PT273"><i>World War 2 in Review: A Primer</i></a>. Lulu.com. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781365797620" title="Special:BookSources/9781365797620"><bdi>9781365797620</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+War+2+in+Review%3A+A+Primer&rft.pub=Lulu.com&rft.date=2017-03-06&rft.isbn=9781365797620&rft.aulast=Merriam&rft.aufirst=Ray&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_rxdDgAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522liberated%2Bby%2BBritish%2Btroops%2522%26pg%3DPT273&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALi%C3%A8ge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Erik Jones, Economic Adjustment and Political Transformation in Small States, Oxford Press, 2008, p. 121 978-0-19-920833-3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Political History of Belgium: From 1830 Onwards</i>, Academic and Scientific Publishers, Brussels, 2009, p. 278. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-5487-517-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-5487-517-8">978-90-5487-517-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/belgian-grenade-attack-leaves-5-dead-122-injured-1.1014658">"Belgian grenade attack leaves 4 dead, 123 injured"</a>. <i>CBC News</i>. 14 December 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBC+News&rft.atitle=Belgian+grenade+attack+leaves+4+dead%2C+123+injured&rft.date=2011-12-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fbelgian-grenade-attack-leaves-5-dead-122-injured-1.1014658&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALi%C3%A8ge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-44289404">"Liege shooting: Two police officers and civilian dead in Belgium"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 29 May 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Liege+shooting%3A+Two+police+officers+and+civilian+dead+in+Belgium&rft.date=2018-05-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-44289404&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALi%C3%A8ge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.meteo.be/resources/climatology/climateCity/pdf/climate_INS62063_9120_nl.pdf">"Luchttemperatuur en neerslag Referentieperiode: 1991-2020"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Dutch). <a href="/wiki/Royal_Meteorological_Institute" title="Royal Meteorological Institute">Royal Meteorological Institute</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Luchttemperatuur+en+neerslag+Referentieperiode%3A+1991-2020&rft.pub=Royal+Meteorological+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.meteo.be%2Fresources%2Fclimatology%2FclimateCity%2Fpdf%2Fclimate_INS62063_9120_nl.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALi%C3%A8ge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://climaintoscana.altervista.org/europa/belgio/liege-bierset/">"Temperature estreme in Liège"</a>. <i>Temperature Estreme in Toscana</i> (in Italian). 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B, p. 1)</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baton+Rouge+Morning+Advocate+%28sec.+B%2C+p.+1%29&rft.atitle=CODOFIL+welcomes+Prince+Philippe&rft.date=1985-09-23&rft.au=Angie+Francalancia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com%2Fresources%2Fdoc%2Fnb%2Fimage%2Fv2%253A138F0D9908AC8D5F%2540EANX-13B8959E62DF9F5F%25402446332-13B88D015FFC345D%254016-13B88D015FFC345D%2540%3Fp%3DAMNEWS%26hlterms%3D%2522CODOFIL%2Bwelcomes%2BPrince%2BPhilippe%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALi%C3%A8ge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Li%C3%A8ge#Bibliography" title="Timeline of Liège">Bibliography of the history of Liège</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Li%C3%A8ge" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Liège">Liège</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge#Q3992" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Liège">Liège</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liege.be/">Official website of the city of Liège</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liegecongres.be/EN/INDEX/index.php">Liège congres</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060715220744/http://www.liegecongres.be/EN/INDEX/index.php">Archived</a> 15 July 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170211235243/http://www.liege-leodium.be/">Leodium: the touristic and cultural network</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ngw.nl/heraldrywiki/index.php?title=Li%C3%A8ge">Coat of arms of Liège</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Liège25" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Liège25" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Liège</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ans,_Belgium" title="Ans, Belgium">Ans</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Juprelle" title="Juprelle">Juprelle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oupeye" title="Oupeye">Oupeye</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Herstal" title="Herstal">Herstal</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vis%C3%A9" title="Visé">Visé</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Blegny" title="Blegny">Blegny</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Saint-Nicolas,_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Saint-Nicolas, Liège">Saint-Nicolas</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Liège</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Beyne-Heusay" title="Beyne-Heusay">Beyne-Heusay</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Seraing" title="Seraing">Seraing</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Esneux" title="Esneux">Esneux</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chaudfontaine" title="Chaudfontaine">Chaudfontaine</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Populated_places_in_Liège73" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Populated_places_in_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Template:Populated places in Liège"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Populated_places_in_Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Populated places in Liège (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Populated_places_in_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Populated places in Liège"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Populated_places_in_Liège73" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Populated places in <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Liège</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Deelgemeente" title="Deelgemeente">Sub-municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angleur" title="Angleur">Angleur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bressoux" title="Bressoux">Bressoux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%AAn%C3%A9e" title="Chênée">Chênée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glain" title="Glain">Glain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grivegn%C3%A9e" title="Grivegnée">Grivegnée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupille-sur-Meuse" title="Jupille-sur-Meuse">Jupille-sur-Meuse</a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Liège</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocourt,_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Rocourt, Liège">Rocourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sclessin" title="Sclessin">Sclessin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wandre" title="Wandre">Wandre</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_of_Li%C3%A8ge.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Logo_of_Li%C3%A8ge.png/55px-Logo_of_Li%C3%A8ge.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Logo_of_Li%C3%A8ge.png/83px-Logo_of_Li%C3%A8ge.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Logo_of_Li%C3%A8ge.png/110px-Logo_of_Li%C3%A8ge.png 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="950" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Quarters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amerc%C5%93ur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amercœur (page does not exist)">Amercœur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Burenville&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Burenville (page does not exist)">Burenville</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bois-de-Breux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bois-de-Breux (page does not exist)">Bois-de-Breux</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Centre,_Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centre, Liège (page does not exist)">Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cointe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cointe (page does not exist)">Cointe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Droixhe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Droixhe (page does not exist)">Droixhe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillemins,_Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guillemins, Liège (page does not exist)">Guillemins</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kinkempois&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kinkempois (page does not exist)">Kinkempois</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laveu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laveu (page does not exist)">Laveu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Longdoz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Longdoz (page does not exist)">Longdoz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord,_Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nord, Liège (page does not exist)">Nord</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outremeuse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Outremeuse (page does not exist)">Outremeuse</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint-Laurent,_Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint-Laurent, Liège (page does not exist)">Saint-Laurent</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sainte-Marguerite,_Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sainte-Marguerite, Liège (page does not exist)">Sainte-Marguerite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sainte-Walburge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sainte-Walburge (page does not exist)">Sainte-Walburge</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sart_Tilman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sart Tilman (page does not exist)">Sart Tilman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sclessin" title="Sclessin">Sclessin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thier-%C3%A0-Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thier-à-Liège (page does not exist)">Thier-à-Liège</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vennes,_Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vennes, Liège (page does not exist)">Vennes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Liège_and_related_topics406" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Li%C3%A8ge" title="Template:Liège"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Li%C3%A8ge" title="Template talk:Liège"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Li%C3%A8ge" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Liège"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Liège_and_related_topics406" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Liège and related topics</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walloon_language" title="Walloon language">Walloon language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="University of Liège">University of Liège</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Conservatory_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Royal Conservatory of Liège">Royal Conservatory of Liège</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haute_%C3%89cole_de_la_Province_de_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Haute École de la Province de Liège">Haute École de la Province de Liège</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Timeline of Liège">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Prince-Bishopric of Liège">Prince-Bishopric of Liège</a> (980-1795)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_Revolution" title="Liège Revolution">Liège Revolution</a> (1789-1791)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sillon_industriel" title="Sillon industriel">Sillon industriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_International_(1905)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liège International (1905)">Liège International world fair</a> (1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Question" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Question">Royal Question</a> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_liege.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Blason_liege.svg/80px-Blason_liege.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Blason_liege.svg/120px-Blason_liege.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Blason_liege.svg/160px-Blason_liege.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geology & Hydrology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meuse" title="Meuse">Meuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ourthe" title="Ourthe">Ourthe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Region / Urban area</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ans,_Belgium" title="Ans, Belgium">Ans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beyne-Heusay" title="Beyne-Heusay">Beyne-Heusay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blegny" title="Blegny">Blegny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaudfontaine" title="Chaudfontaine">Chaudfontaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esneux" title="Esneux">Esneux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herstal" title="Herstal">Herstal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juprelle" title="Juprelle">Juprelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Nicolas,_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Saint-Nicolas, Liège">Saint Nicolas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seraing" title="Seraing">Seraing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vis%C3%A9" title="Visé">Visé</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neighbourhoods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amerc%C5%93ur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amercœur (page does not exist)">Amercœur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angleur" title="Angleur">Angleur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avroy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avroy (page does not exist)">Avroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bressoux" title="Bressoux">Bressoux</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Burenville&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Burenville (page does not exist)">Burenville</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Carr%C3%A9_(Li%C3%A8ge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Le Carré (Liège) (page does not exist)">Le Carré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%AAn%C3%A9e" title="Chênée">Chênée</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cointe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cointe (page does not exist)">Cointe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coronmeuse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coronmeuse (page does not exist)">Coronmeuse</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Droixhe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Droixhe (page does not exist)">Droixhe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%A9tinne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fétinne (page does not exist)">Fétinne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glain" title="Glain">Glain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grivegn%C3%A9e" title="Grivegnée">Grivegnée</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Les_Guillemins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Les Guillemins (page does not exist)">les Guillemins</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hors-Ch%C3%A2teau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hors-Château (page does not exist)">Hors-Château</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupille-sur-Meuse" title="Jupille-sur-Meuse">Jupille-sur-Meuse</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Laveu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Le Laveu (page does not exist)">le Laveu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Longdoz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Le Longdoz (page does not exist)">le Longdoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naimette-Xhov%C3%A9mont" title="Naimette-Xhovémont">Naimette-Xhovémont</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outremeuse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Outremeuse (page does not exist)">Outremeuse</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierreuse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierreuse (page does not exist)">Pierreuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocourt,_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Rocourt, Liège">Rocourt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint-Gilles_(Li%C3%A8ge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint-Gilles (Liège) (page does not exist)">Saint Gilles</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint-Laurent_(Li%C3%A8ge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint-Laurent (Liège) (page does not exist)">Saint-Laurent</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint-L%C3%A9onard_(Li%C3%A8ge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint-Léonard (Liège) (page does not exist)">Saint-Léonard</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sainte-Marguerite_(Li%C3%A8ge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sainte-Marguerite (Liège) (page does not exist)">Sainte-Marguerite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sainte-Walburge(Li%C3%A8ge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sainte-Walburge(Liège) (page does not exist)">Sainte-Walburge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sclessin" title="Sclessin">Sclessin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Thier-%C3%A0-Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Le Thier-à-Liège (page does not exist)">le Thier-à-Liège</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Les_Vennes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Les Vennes (page does not exist)">les Vennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wandre" title="Wandre">Wandre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Local_politics14" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Local politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><small>(current mayor)</small> <a href="/wiki/Willy_Demeyer" title="Willy Demeyer">Willy Demeyer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(francophone_Belgium)" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Party (francophone Belgium)">PS</a>) (1999-)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulldogs_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Bulldogs Liège">Bulldogs Liège</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">ice hockey</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_Basket" title="Liège Basket">Liège Basket</a> (<a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">basketball</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge%E2%80%93Bastogne%E2%80%93Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège–Bastogne–Liège">Liège–Bastogne–Liège</a> (<a href="/wiki/U23_Li%C3%A8ge%E2%80%93Bastogne%E2%80%93Li%C3%A8ge" class="mw-redirect" title="U23 Liège–Bastogne–Liège">U23</a>) (<a href="/wiki/Road_bicycle_racing" title="Road bicycle racing">cycling</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RFC_Li%C3%A8ge" title="RFC Liège">RFC Liège</a> (<a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RFC_Li%C3%A9geois_Rugby" title="RFC Liégeois Rugby">RFC Liégeois Rugby</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">rugby union</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Standard Liège">Standard Liège</a> (football)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>European routes <a href="/wiki/European_route_E25" title="European route E25">E25</a>, <a href="/wiki/European_route_E40" title="European route E40">E40</a>, <a href="/wiki/European_route_E42" title="European route E42">E42</a>, <a href="/wiki/European_route_E313" title="European route E313">E313</a></li> <li>high speed railways <a href="/wiki/LGV_2" class="mw-redirect" title="LGV 2">LGV 2</a> and <a href="/wiki/LGV_3" class="mw-redirect" title="LGV 3">LGV 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_Airport" title="Liège Airport">Liège Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_busiest_railway_stations_in_Belgium" title="List of busiest railway stations in Belgium">Busiest railway stations in Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_railway_stations_in_Brussels" title="List of railway stations in Brussels">Railway stations in Brussels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b>capital of the <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Province_of_Li%C3%A8ge.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Province_of_Li%C3%A8ge.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_Province_of_Li%C3%A8ge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Province_of_Li%C3%A8ge.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_Province_of_Li%C3%A8ge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Province_of_Li%C3%A8ge.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Province_of_Li%C3%A8ge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_Province" title="Liège Province">Liège Province</a>, <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_Wallonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Wallonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_Wallonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Wallonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_Wallonia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Wallonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Wallonia" title="Wallonia">Wallonia</a>, <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_in_the_province_of_Liège,_Wallonia377" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Municipalities_in_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Template:Municipalities in Liège"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Municipalities_in_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Template talk:Municipalities in Liège"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities_in_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities in Liège"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_in_the_province_of_Liège,_Wallonia377" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities in the <a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_Province" title="Liège Province">province of Liège</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wallonia" title="Wallonia">Wallonia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Huy" title="Arrondissement of Huy">Huy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amay" title="Amay">Amay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthisnes" title="Anthisnes">Anthisnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burdinne" title="Burdinne">Burdinne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clavier,_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Clavier, Liège">Clavier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engis" title="Engis">Engis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferri%C3%A8res,_Belgium" title="Ferrières, Belgium">Ferrières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamoir" title="Hamoir">Hamoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9ron" title="Héron">Héron</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Huy" title="Huy">Huy</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marchin" title="Marchin">Marchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modave" title="Modave">Modave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandrin" title="Nandrin">Nandrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouffet" title="Ouffet">Ouffet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinlot" title="Tinlot">Tinlot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verlaine" title="Verlaine">Verlaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villers-le-Bouillet" title="Villers-le-Bouillet">Villers-le-Bouillet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanze" title="Wanze">Wanze</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgieluik.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Belgieluik.png/100px-Belgieluik.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Belgieluik.png/150px-Belgieluik.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Belgieluik.png/200px-Belgieluik.png 2x" data-file-width="398" data-file-height="335" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Arrondissement of Liège">Liège</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ans,_Belgium" title="Ans, Belgium">Ans</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awans" title="Awans">Awans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aywaille" title="Aywaille">Aywaille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassenge" title="Bassenge">Bassenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beyne-Heusay" title="Beyne-Heusay">Beyne-Heusay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blegny" title="Blegny">Blegny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaudfontaine" title="Chaudfontaine">Chaudfontaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comblain-au-Pont" title="Comblain-au-Pont">Comblain-au-Pont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalhem" title="Dalhem">Dalhem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esneux" title="Esneux">Esneux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fl%C3%A9malle" title="Flémalle">Flémalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fl%C3%A9ron" title="Fléron">Fléron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A2ce-Hollogne" title="Grâce-Hollogne">Grâce-Hollogne</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Herstal" title="Herstal">Herstal</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juprelle" title="Juprelle">Juprelle</a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Liège</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neupr%C3%A9" title="Neupré">Neupré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oupeye" title="Oupeye">Oupeye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Nicolas,_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Saint-Nicolas, Liège">Saint-Nicolas</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Seraing" title="Seraing">Seraing</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soumagne" title="Soumagne">Soumagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprimont" title="Sprimont">Sprimont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trooz" title="Trooz">Trooz</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vis%C3%A9" title="Visé">Visé</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Verviers" title="Arrondissement of Verviers">Verviers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amel" title="Amel">Amel</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aubel" title="Aubel">Aubel</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Baelen" title="Baelen">Baelen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCllingen" title="Büllingen">Büllingen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Burg-Reuland" title="Burg-Reuland">Burg-Reuland</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCtgenbach" title="Bütgenbach">Bütgenbach</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dison" title="Dison">Dison</a></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Eupen" title="Eupen">Eupen</a></b></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Herve" title="Herve">Herve</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalhay" title="Jalhay">Jalhay</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kelmis" title="Kelmis">Kelmis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lierneux" title="Lierneux">Lierneux</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Limbourg" title="Limbourg">Limbourg</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lontzen" title="Lontzen">Lontzen</a></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Malmedy" title="Malmedy">Malmedy</a></b></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olne" title="Olne">Olne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepinster" title="Pepinster">Pepinster</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Plombi%C3%A8res" title="Plombières">Plombières</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Raeren" title="Raeren">Raeren</a></i></li> <li><i><b><a 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</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b>Bold</b> indicates <a href="/wiki/City_status_in_Belgium" title="City status in Belgium">cities</a></li> <li><i>Italic</i> indicates <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_with_language_facilities" title="Municipalities with language facilities">municipalities with language facilities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/125420999">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/137408460">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1207176/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJfh8cqtfq3JYqHh9YbWXd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4074361-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2004025074">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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