CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="sco" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Carlo Rubbia - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )scowikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy" ,"wgMonthNames":["","Januar","Februar","Mairch","Apryle","Mey","Juin","Julie","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"5750f9ad-1c47-47d5-843f-4e81d33b4a75","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Carlo_Rubbia","wgTitle":"Carlo Rubbia","wgCurRevisionId":850785,"wgRevisionId":850785,"wgArticleId":163133,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages wi citations uisin unsupportit parameters","Airticles wi hCards","Pages uisin infobox scientist wi unkent parameters","Wikipaedia airticles wi BIBSYS identifiers","Wikipaedia airticles wi BNE identifiers","Wikipaedia airticles wi BNF identifiers","Wikipaedia airticles wi GND identifiers","Wikipaedia airticles wi ISNI identifiers","Wikipaedia airticles wi LCCN identifiers","Wikipaedia airticles wi NDL identifiers","Wikipaedia airticles wi NLA identifiers", "Wikipaedia airticles wi NLI identifiers","Wikipaedia airticles wi NSK identifiers","Wikipaedia airticles wi NTA identifiers","Wikipaedia airticles wi RERO identifiers","Pages wi reid-airtit authority control categories","Wikipaedia airticles wi SUDOC identifiers","Wikipaedia airticles wi Trove identifiers","Wikipaedia airticles wi VIAF identifiers","Wikipaedia airticles wi WorldCat-VIAF identifiers","Wikipaedia airticles wi fauty SBN identifiers","1934 births","Fowk associatit wi CERN","Columbia Varsity fowk","Commanders o the Order o Meerit o the Republic o Poland","Experimental pheesicists","Foreign Members o the Ryal Society","Foreign Members o the Roushie Academy o Sciences","Harvard Varsity faculty","Italian Nobel laureates","Italian pheesicists","Italian Life Senators","Livin fowk","Members o the Pontifical Academy o Sciences","Members o the Unitit States Naitional Academy o Sciences","Nobel laureates in Pheesics","Pairticle physicists","Fowk frae Gorizia", "Fowk frae the Province o Gorizia","Varsity o Pisa alumni"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"sco","wgPageContentLanguage":"sco","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Carlo_Rubbia","wgRelevantArticleId":163133,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"sco","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"sco"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":5000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId": "Q187199","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.charinsert", "ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=sco&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=sco&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=sco&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Carlo_Rubbia_2012.jpg/1200px-Carlo_Rubbia_2012.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1847"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Carlo_Rubbia_2012.jpg/800px-Carlo_Rubbia_2012.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1231"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Carlo_Rubbia_2012.jpg/640px-Carlo_Rubbia_2012.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="985"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Carlo Rubbia - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//sco.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Eedit" href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Rubbia&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (sco)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//sco.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sco"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom Feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Carlo_Rubbia rootpage-Carlo_Rubbia skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">Dern</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Gang til the Main Page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Commonty_Yett" title="Anent the project, whit ye can dae, whaur tae find things"><span>Commonty Yett</span></a></li><li id="n-discussions" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mercat_Cross"><span>Mercat Cross</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="Ae leet o recent chynges in the wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent chynges</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Laid ae random page [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Wale page allevolie</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="The place tae find oot"><span>Help</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-sco.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopaedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-sco.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Rake this wiki [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Rake</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Sairch Wikipedia" aria-label="Sairch Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Rake this wiki [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Rake</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tuils"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sco.wikipedia.org&uselang=sco" class=""><span>Propines</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Carlo+Rubbia" title="We encoorage ye tae creaute aen accoont n log in; houever, it's no strictllie nesisair" class=""><span>Mak accoont</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Carlo+Rubbia" title="It's a guid idea tae log i, but ye dinna hae tae. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tuils" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tuils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sco.wikipedia.org&uselang=sco"><span>Propines</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>Contribute</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Carlo+Rubbia" title="We encoorage ye tae creaute aen accoont n log in; houever, it's no strictllie nesisair"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Mak accoont</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Carlo+Rubbia" title="It's a guid idea tae log i, but ye dinna hae tae. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion anent edits fae this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Collogue for this IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Dern</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Carlo Rubbia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 70 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-70" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">70 leids</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="كارلو روبيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كارلو روبيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="كارلو روبيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كارلو روبيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کارلو روبیا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کارلو روبیا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Карла Рубія – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Карла Рубія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Карло Рубия – Bulgairien" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Карло Рубия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgairien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="কার্লো রুবিয়া – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কার্লো রুবিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%DB%86_%DA%95%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کارلۆ ڕوبیا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کارلۆ ڕوبیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Dens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BB%CE%BF_%CE%A1%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Κάρλο Ρούμπια – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κάρλο Ρούμπια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Inglis" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inglis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Spainish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spainish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Eastlands" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Eastlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کارلو روبیا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کارلو روبیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%95_%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%94" title="קרלו רוביה – Ebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קרלו רוביה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="कार्लो रुबिया – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कार्लो रुबिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%AC%D5%B8_%D5%8C%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Կառլո Ռուբիա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կառլո Ռուբիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%93%E3%82%A2" title="カルロ・ルビア – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カルロ・ルビア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Карло Руббиа – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Карло Руббиа" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC%EB%A1%9C_%EB%A3%A8%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84" title="카를로 루비아 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카를로 루비아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus_Rubbia" title="Carolus Rubbia – Laitin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Carolus Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Laitin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlo_Rubija" title="Karlo Rubija – Letts" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Karlo Rubija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letts" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Карло Рубија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Карло Рубија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="कार्लो रुब्बिया – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कार्लो रुब्बिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کارلو روبیا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کارلو روبیا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="कार्लो रुबिया – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="कार्लो रुबिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Polls" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polls" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88_%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کارلو ربیا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کارلو ربیا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Roumains" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roumains" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B0,_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Руббиа, Карло – Roushien" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Руббиа, Карло" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Roushien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="कार्लो रुबिया – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="कार्लो रुबिया" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlu_Rubbia" title="Carlu Rubbia – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Carlu Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Slovein" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovein" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Карло Рубија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Карло Рубија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Swaidish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swaidish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Карло Руббиа – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Карло Руббиа" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B0" title="Карло Руббіа – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Карло Руббіа" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کارلو روبیا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کارلو روبیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%B4%9B%C2%B7%E9%B2%81%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="卡洛·鲁比亚 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="卡洛·鲁比亚" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Carlo Rubbia" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%B4%9B%C2%B7%E9%B2%81%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="卡洛·鲁比亚 – Cheenese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="卡洛·鲁比亚" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cheenese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q187199#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Eedit interleid airtins" class="wbc-editpage">Eedit airtins</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Leuk at the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Airticle</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Collogue:Carlo_Rubbia" rel="discussion" title="Discussion anent the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Collogue</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Scots</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Rubbia&veaction=edit" title="Chynge this page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Eedit</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Rubbia&action=edit" title="Eedit the soorce code o this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Eedit soorce</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Rubbia&action=history" title="Auld revisions o this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>See history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tuilkist" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tuilkist</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tuils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">Dern</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Rubbia&veaction=edit" title="Chynge this page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Eedit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Rubbia&action=edit" title="Eedit the soorce code o this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Eedit soorce</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Rubbia&action=history"><span>See history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Ae leet o aw wiki pages that airt here [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Whit airts tae here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Carlo_Rubbia" rel="nofollow" title="Recynt chynges in pages linkt fae this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relatit chynges</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=sco" title="Uplaid files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Uplaid file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="Ae leet o aw byordinar pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Byordinar pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Rubbia&oldid=850785" title="Permanent link til this reveesion o the page"><span>Permanent airtin</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Rubbia&action=info" title="Mair information anent this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Carlo_Rubbia&id=850785&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on hou tae cite this page"><span>Cite this airticle</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCarlo_Rubbia"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCarlo_Rubbia"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Prent/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Carlo+Rubbia"><span>Create a beuk</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Carlo_Rubbia&action=show-download-screen"><span>Doonload as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Rubbia&printable=yes" title="Prentable version o this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Prent version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In ither projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Carlo_Rubbia" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q187199" title="Airt tae connected data reposeterie item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Dern</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Frae Wikipedia, the free beuk o knawledge</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sco" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox biography vcard" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal; display:inline;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/20px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/30px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/40px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></div><br /><div class="fn" style="display:inline"><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senator_for_life&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senator for life (page disna exeest)">Senator for life</a></small><br />Carlo Rubbia<br /><small><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_o_Meerit_o_the_Italian_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order o Meerit o the Italian Republic (page disna exeest)">OMRI</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Italian_Order_o_Meerit_for_Cultur_an_Airt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Italian Order o Meerit for Cultur an Airt (page disna exeest)">OMCA</a></span></small></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carlo_Rubbia_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Carlo_Rubbia_2012.jpg/250px-Carlo_Rubbia_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="385" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Carlo_Rubbia_2012.jpg/375px-Carlo_Rubbia_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Carlo_Rubbia_2012.jpg/500px-Carlo_Rubbia_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2240" data-file-height="3448" /></a></span><div>Rubbia at the 2012 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobel_Laureate_Meetings_at_Lindau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobel Laureate Meetings at Lindau (page disna exeest)">Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Born</th><td><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1934-03-31</span>) </span>31 Mairch 1934<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 90)</span><br /><span class="birthplace"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gorizia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gorizia (page disna exeest)">Gorizia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Naitionality</th><td class="category"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Alma mater</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scuola_Normale_Superiore_di_Pisa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa (page disna exeest)">Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Kent for</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=W_an_Z_bosons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="W an Z bosons (page disna exeest)">Discovery o W an Z bosons</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Awairds</th><td><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senator_for_life&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senator for life (page disna exeest)">Senator for life</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_o_Meerit_o_the_Italian_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order o Meerit o the Italian Republic (page disna exeest)">OMRI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Italian_Order_o_Meerit_for_Cultur_an_Airt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Italian Order o Meerit for Cultur an Airt (page disna exeest)">OMCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Pheesics" title="Nobel Prize in Pheesics">Nobel Prize in Pheesics</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1984)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bakerian_Lectur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bakerian Lectur (page disna exeest)">Bakerian Lectur</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1985)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fellae_o_the_Ryal_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fellae o the Ryal Society (page disna exeest)">ForMemRS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1984)</span><sup id="cite_ref-formemrs_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-formemrs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dirac_Medal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dirac Medal (page disna exeest)">Dirac Medal</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1989)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Fields</th><td class="category"><a href="/wiki/Pairticle_pheesics" title="Pairticle pheesics">Pairticle pheesics</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center">Wabsteid</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iass-potsdam.de/en/people/prof-dr-dr-carlo-rubbia">www<wbr />.iass-potsdam<wbr />.de<wbr />/en<wbr />/people<wbr />/prof-dr-dr-carlo-rubbia</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Carlo Rubbia</b>, <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_o_Meerit_o_the_Italian_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order o Meerit o the Italian Republic (page disna exeest)">OMRI</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Italian_Order_o_Meerit_for_Cultur_an_Airt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Italian Order o Meerit for Cultur an Airt (page disna exeest)">OMCA</a></span> (born 31 Mairch 1934)<sup id="cite_ref-CVCR_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CVCR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian</a> <a href="/wiki/Pairticle_pheesics" title="Pairticle pheesics">pairticle pheesicist</a> an <a href="/wiki/Inventor" class="mw-redirect" title="Inventor">inventor</a> wha shared the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Pheesics" title="Nobel Prize in Pheesics">Nobel Prize in Pheesics</a> in 1984 wi <a href="/wiki/Simon_van_der_Meer" title="Simon van der Meer">Simon van der Meer</a> for wirk leadin tae the discovery o the <a href="/w/index.php?title=W_an_Z_bosons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="W an Z bosons (page disna exeest)">W an Z pairticles</a> at <a href="/wiki/CERN" title="CERN">CERN</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Rubbia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Eedit section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Rubbia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-formemrs-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-formemrs_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151106215707/https://royalsociety.org/people/carlo-rubbia-12208/">"Professor Carlo Rubbia ForMemRS"</a>. London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Society (page disna exeest)">Royal Society</a>. Archived frae <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://royalsociety.org/people/carlo-rubbia-12208/">the original</a> on 6 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Professor+Carlo+Rubbia+ForMemRS&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Royal+Society&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froyalsociety.org%2Fpeople%2Fcarlo-rubbia-12208%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ACarlo+Rubbia" class="Z3988"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r809032">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CVCR-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-CVCR_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150510022145/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1984/rubbia-bio.html">"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1984 : Carlo Rubbia – Biographical"</a>. <i>Nobelprize.org</i>. Nobel Media AB. Archived frae <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1984/rubbia-bio.html">the original</a> on 10 Mey 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nobelprize.org&rft.atitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physics+1984+%3A+Carlo+Rubbia+%E2%80%93+Biographical&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fphysics%2Flaureates%2F1984%2Frubbia-bio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ACarlo+Rubbia" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|deadurl=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#parameter_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDarriulat" class="citation journal cs1">Darriulat, Pierre. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1733604">"The W and Z particles: a personal recollection"</a>. <i>CERN Courier</i>. <b>44</b> (3): 13–16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CERN+Courier&rft.atitle=The+W+and+Z+particles%3A+a+personal+recollection&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=13-16&rft.aulast=Darriulat&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcds.cern.ch%2Frecord%2F1733604&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ACarlo+Rubbia" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1734391">"CERN honours Carlo Rubbia as he turns 75"</a>. <i>CERN Courier</i>. <b>49</b> (5): 27. Juin 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CERN+Courier&rft.atitle=CERN+honours+Carlo+Rubbia+as+he+turns+75&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=27&rft.date=2009-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcds.cern.ch%2Frecord%2F1734391&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ACarlo+Rubbia" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCatapano2014" class="citation journal cs1">Catapano, Paola (September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cerncourier.com/cws/article/cern/58540">"Carlo Rubbia: a passion for physics and a craving for new ideas"</a>. <i>CERN Courier</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CERN+Courier&rft.atitle=Carlo+Rubbia%3A+a+passion+for+physics+and+a+craving+for+new+ideas&rft.date=2014-09&rft.aulast=Catapano&rft.aufirst=Paola&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcerncourier.com%2Fcws%2Farticle%2Fcern%2F58540&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ACarlo+Rubbia" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080517122854/http://nobelprize.org/physics/laureates/1984/rubbia-autobio.html">"Nobel prize Autobiography of Rubbia"</a>. Archived frae <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/physics/laureates/1984/rubbia-autobio.html">the original</a> on 17 Mey 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 Mairch</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nobel+prize+Autobiography+of+Rubbia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fphysics%2Flaureates%2F1984%2Frubbia-autobio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3ACarlo+Rubbia" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1984/press.html">Nobel prize press release about Rubbia</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9064313?query=rubbia&ct=">Article on Carlo Rubbia from Encyclopædia Britannica</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.casinapioiv.va/content/accademia/en/academicians/ordinary/rubbia.html">Carlo Rubbia's biography and lectures on the website of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inspirehep.net/author/profile/C.Rubbia.1">Scientific publications of Carlo Rubbia on INSPIRE-HEP</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r862244">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187199#&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Authority_control_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187199#&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187199#" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibsys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibsys (page disna exeest)">BIBSYS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90507757">90507757</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España (page disna exeest)">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX997716">XX997716</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=BNF_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BNF (identifier) (page disna exeest)">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14065864m">cb14065864m</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14065864m">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=GND_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GND (identifier) (page disna exeest)">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/134039866">134039866</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISNI_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISNI (identifier)">ISNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000107800965">0000 0001 0780 0965</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n85190821">n85190821</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Naitional_Diet_Leebrary" title="Naitional Diet Leebrary">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00621404">00621404</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naitional_Leebrary_o_Australia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naitional Leebrary o Australia (page disna exeest)">NLA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35279873">35279873</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naitional_Leebrary_o_Israel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naitional Leebrary o Israel (page disna exeest)">NLI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=direct&doc_number=004035172&local_base=nlx10">004035172</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naitional_an_Varsity_Leebrary_in_Zagreb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naitional an Varsity Leebrary in Zagreb (page disna exeest)">NSK</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000101163&local_base=nsk10">000101163</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryal_Leebrary_o_the_Netherlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ryal Leebrary o the Netherlands (page disna exeest)">NTA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p133534456">133534456</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=RERO_(Leebrary_Netwark_o_Wastren_Swisserland)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RERO (Leebrary Netwark o Wastren Swisserland) (page disna exeest)">RERO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.rero.ch/02-A003768237">02-A003768237</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="error">The SBN id CFIV066168 is not valid.</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SUDOC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SUDOC (identifier) (page disna exeest)">SUDOC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/072644117">072644117</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trove&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trove (page disna exeest)">Trove</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/895194">895194</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=VIAF_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VIAF (identifier) (page disna exeest)">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/40581759">40581759</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=WorldCat_Identities&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WorldCat Identities (page disna exeest)">WorldCat Identities</a> (via VIAF): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/40581759">40581759</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Taen frae "<a dir="ltr" href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Rubbia&oldid=850785">https://sco.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Rubbia&oldid=850785</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categeries</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_fauty_SBN_identifiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi fauty SBN identifiers (page disna exeest)">Wikipaedia airticles wi fauty SBN identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1934_births" title="Category:1934 births">1934 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fowk_associatit_wi_CERN" title="Category:Fowk associatit wi CERN">Fowk associatit wi CERN</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Columbia_Varsity_fowk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Columbia Varsity fowk (page disna exeest)">Columbia Varsity fowk</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Commanders_o_the_Order_o_Meerit_o_the_Republic_o_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Commanders o the Order o Meerit o the Republic o Poland (page disna exeest)">Commanders o the Order o Meerit o the Republic o Poland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Experimental_pheesicists" title="Category:Experimental pheesicists">Experimental pheesicists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Foreign_Members_o_the_Ryal_Society" title="Category:Foreign Members o the Ryal Society">Foreign Members o the Ryal Society</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Foreign_Members_o_the_Roushie_Academy_o_Sciences" title="Category:Foreign Members o the Roushie Academy o Sciences">Foreign Members o the Roushie Academy o Sciences</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Harvard_Varsity_faculty" title="Category:Harvard Varsity faculty">Harvard Varsity faculty</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_Nobel_laureates" title="Category:Italian Nobel laureates">Italian Nobel laureates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_pheesicists" title="Category:Italian pheesicists">Italian pheesicists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_Life_Senators" title="Category:Italian Life Senators">Italian Life Senators</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Livin_fowk" title="Category:Livin fowk">Livin fowk</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_o_the_Pontifical_Academy_o_Sciences" title="Category:Members o the Pontifical Academy o Sciences">Members o the Pontifical Academy o Sciences</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_o_the_Unitit_States_Naitional_Academy_o_Sciences" title="Category:Members o the Unitit States Naitional Academy o Sciences">Members o the Unitit States Naitional Academy o Sciences</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nobel_laureates_in_Pheesics" title="Category:Nobel laureates in Pheesics">Nobel laureates in Pheesics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pairticle_physicists" title="Category:Pairticle physicists">Pairticle physicists</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Fowk_frae_Gorizia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Fowk frae Gorizia (page disna exeest)">Fowk frae Gorizia</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Fowk_frae_the_Province_o_Gorizia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Fowk frae the Province o Gorizia (page disna exeest)">Fowk frae the Province o Gorizia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Varsity_o_Pisa_alumni" title="Category:Varsity o Pisa alumni">Varsity o Pisa alumni</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_wi_citations_uisin_unsupportit_parameters" title="Category:Pages wi citations uisin unsupportit parameters">Pages wi citations uisin unsupportit parameters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Airticles_wi_hCards" title="Category:Airticles wi hCards">Airticles wi hCards</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_uisin_infobox_scientist_wi_unkent_parameters" title="Category:Pages uisin infobox scientist wi unkent parameters">Pages uisin infobox scientist wi unkent parameters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_BIBSYS_identifiers" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi BIBSYS identifiers">Wikipaedia airticles wi BIBSYS identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_BNE_identifiers" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi BNE identifiers">Wikipaedia airticles wi BNE identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_BNF_identifiers" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi BNF identifiers">Wikipaedia airticles wi BNF identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_GND_identifiers" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi GND identifiers">Wikipaedia airticles wi GND identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_ISNI_identifiers" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi ISNI identifiers">Wikipaedia airticles wi ISNI identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_LCCN_identifiers" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi LCCN identifiers">Wikipaedia airticles wi LCCN identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_NDL_identifiers" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi NDL identifiers">Wikipaedia airticles wi NDL identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_NLA_identifiers" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi NLA identifiers">Wikipaedia airticles wi NLA identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_NLI_identifiers" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi NLI identifiers">Wikipaedia airticles wi NLI identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_NSK_identifiers" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi NSK identifiers">Wikipaedia airticles wi NSK identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_NTA_identifiers" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi NTA identifiers">Wikipaedia airticles wi NTA identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_RERO_identifiers" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi RERO identifiers">Wikipaedia airticles wi RERO identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_wi_reid-airtit_authority_control_categories" title="Category:Pages wi reid-airtit authority control categories">Pages wi reid-airtit authority control categories</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_SUDOC_identifiers" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi SUDOC identifiers">Wikipaedia airticles wi SUDOC identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_Trove_identifiers" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi Trove identifiers">Wikipaedia airticles wi Trove identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_VIAF_identifiers" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi VIAF identifiers">Wikipaedia airticles wi VIAF identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipaedia_airticles_wi_WorldCat-VIAF_identifiers" title="Category:Wikipaedia airticles wi WorldCat-VIAF identifiers">Wikipaedia airticles wi WorldCat-VIAF identifiers</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page wis last eeditit on 23 August 2021, at 16:47.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available unner the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms mey apply. See <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms o Uiss</a> fur details.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Preevacie policie</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Aboot">Aboot Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclamation">Disclamation</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Deveelopers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/sco.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//sco.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Rubbia&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-4z62t","wgBackendResponseTime":146,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.266","walltime":"0.338","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1501,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":33838,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":5098,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":16,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":23008,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 301.235 1 -total"," 34.21% 103.044 1 Template:Reflist"," 33.97% 102.316 1 Template:Authority_control"," 30.46% 91.744 1 Template:Infobox_scientist"," 29.68% 89.400 2 Template:Infobox"," 28.96% 87.225 1 Template:Infobox_person"," 27.19% 81.900 3 Template:Cite_web"," 7.83% 23.577 5 Template:Br_separated_entries"," 4.18% 12.583 3 Template:Cite_journal"," 3.06% 9.229 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.174","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":4187167,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-5fd4fc67fd-bvlz8","timestamp":"20241104234653","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Carlo Rubbia","url":"https:\/\/sco.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carlo_Rubbia","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q187199","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q187199","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2017-03-16T03:29:45Z","dateModified":"2021-08-23T16:47:25Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a0\/Carlo_Rubbia_2012.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>