CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91348a7cad693d77',cH: 'b28Z4Cujbs3oYakpGqpFQ03kzwDa3N9WVeXaW9CwQS0-1739782343-1.2.1.1-LWVW.2.6aMMnKnX.qYNICfdHzdFUlOxQswXD3hnL6hsTIHaeT2WwoP9IKmlHermI',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=bi-stability&__cf_chl_tk=M4zMfWm46PjZTHB2B5zWWymyv8tEsz1AcsVy21IwDUY-1739782343-1.0.1.1-tH3nG8VzkfHlEYQllosLBS7vVTyJFHzVlxn.cVWIW0U",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739782343',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=bi-stability&__cf_chl_f_tk=M4zMfWm46PjZTHB2B5zWWymyv8tEsz1AcsVy21IwDUY-1739782343-1.0.1.1-tH3nG8VzkfHlEYQllosLBS7vVTyJFHzVlxn.cVWIW0U",md: "PsjtNPYzXREwKRVyeIyublp.wcpQmSE7QhEEcLCRNfQ-1739782343-1.2.1.1-v_ROE2jrwAZmNlKzn0vN2IpQ3Fx9A6islcpwDAmMsjZ_wLVXqMx60VH1ew4DF0Mmfc8uWzVBkUDUAUq3lt28k2dxNLtr_5RZPLmojXzhwvPP7MDdRAKovTm2dPDYzpXHNi0RaJazpQeIYSBEPPhmcSRFmu8vQcraUVI_NRFSvg7srxxeMglet_ak363FC4N6upGmtBsx0ALljXptzi9X4Vw5EnKMuK9tvzJG8zG8Aij0ZujWIz1F3WBrVRQjhmT2Ruoa1vKtO0Mn65ywJ2OpuGv_2swVWbd7YCqBglgqJDqbU6Es0rsrfOyre9wkqdJ6CfVff6mbLOUeZsanJeBrzEsSZz9dceGdDWtL4EoYjR0ga96VhEPl5zQ7QKGSRUPaQdyYKvZNq4XkpV__QsoNkvMSLxogi9_WLJPrF34TZUVEEyc5qWAxKpJQmZ2sOBSVhfsAV4gt_52PpImtDBbefpggb9znWLvv9GdkvcdL47O1xZ7.Pr0ksYyRfLqSxrQ7K09qRXYM4w0_J_yMZ0iw4hzMN71z6FtnE6ljwVhdvuwvR_6.5rKbZAl.BRSDzerpiPpNtiaWR07wAQWk1n_6vujpg49SXiox1KnXub1gwnPBbAjJBHM9giLHTR6hPft1CtDEOZS5fA7iwz5EUApL3t4Z3WA6SeDhjlBzi4uw82kbXbL6B1btUhuilWD.evHkpmM4RQeeoJdWsoU2sMuwMC1_wM.nU7P0R2_gw2.7D.BaDca3CgYwaz2zbHfFC0REuasFSfr_qyTxlImDmQ8u5esWqJ7B3KmSVlWIQ79kroJ94yBbH8GF3B7BxuBDZR8RaXHAtCEQ2K4qmOq.isyodNYqoGERO2JaovVO7ZbGu1JKqxGmrcGwrIQngF2urqR9ySshex3IIgVLE.ozQuM8ccrx9s1azdTyc7UkcVMry43HkZ9uOksq5HFF8g8RKPLw5JFmmYo3elgAiB2oeR7jB4Bo0gc09eb3BulWlZ1Bh8d0yTToWCaufw9GOigj1yhGgs3Js7Kr4aK4.gAqPrMUQ94QUyb9uaVbor0lpujV9UonDzFexOEtwK7TwzDDxgmThzCed.u_phFSNOFPBJ3PYBlQ434a1cM435B5upugZG5C_EMSvDUoi0UdB7wzQji3P2VJozLZpzmifWuzYQpr3I_w8NBvgx427.BTMS20BbEQ3a1nUtg0y_jLVEhMsxdTB8Ul75bzEfuV_saVSxYEUg97_cyqoc7YPBUWH72CO4YendLnM7.P1zms_ls_Eof67vyBeU2q.b78hvUGk8dUXfeYX4oBzSNGdgquQ8zX8y.mWQRiqg07FN2Rxq5ZOCCJdqC4O_b4Lf.5rRIUyMdJWbTqRiWVR.Y7RQk1NkHDIhOGhhShReJ1w.1UmK_HN_UNYtYxKbEh30kmAfIHrwGxfBiTcZRdImZ3ellQLa_chfPTmfWD1Zm7iIhq1_BxoSJQv8guTp0XWFdIUiOFqIXG6dTEhwHOBfxEqqbWo4vMVEO5v93f7kSwke3sk5CQOadLvxToxrfPj9VF6.ujkE1gNwgc_DtZwk71bF3QeKnXQyV0F2J3FL7mxzH3zB2AFwbO4EIUWV8VESBuHLZ_DPXs.RE_Mt.OZoJ0P_I4ifc5xbWwbBlykNT.HEL_wMs6VNGyhkVcVh0TKJpWJ..z8Ga60ug0lfnwjETbcRRGs9Pxoab77Hwj5.Q_0P12MAzb9ygxbRcCtj.pE5eU2aipd5LzN6btJnSEETMwwYOrsTLKLJ6AvdFipWL.Gee_kdlEoWqDi24_ALgNANrIo1bOEX03Fza_DPnh5Qyb_PvS2VD3Etd6Cwbi9pvxH5vngw3Ipt2j44wv0OhrNHhBkMNwS8YLPQ3wabujwHGMfGlJ2Rsc7Iwo9VhFNSAi.DTmXx.j8rvjmfIs7v_D1z1q48EsTwvTkQ",mdrd: "8G_E4RBsnmie6xnEXUXohBV2q6kwhg60PE_2WrRejq4-1739782343-1.2.1.1-vhTmBa4NL2aGJxyOWyGkiCVuAasKOdqyKJeG.IhpP8sF2dNxz2r_0nab0gvCmeLXC3DEQ7Q2GcTT6sxB5.xziBzWdRa5X4DX7xaNaOllES47XJcLti6SaANSY49dNhSBcUfC3ZC3eqWTQ9wntBb85uHpS.qipCzNOKlPnVUSaO_93R_.kVTi2qEV4GMFgVTJu6BeLbwMgxCIi.reNmiULaO8e2fpUZbt06b6Sl8K1TjLYsw34hzmryBMaT6HDNYKpoOcTmUskrGqRAVL1nsD_VNSqrtHXT75gqD8c9pQTYSgrYsducWMm4miCiahnIXkfOO9EeiYN1fr75Ug.zjvVSpBPPXmaRCZcoRgVE2yn601sw5QZ5DzlH3Mw6arv1QVjR6RaipvMrVCv.9wDaIZ_jcWF315Bv98uHAafIfsPLVoJO9cIbHai6E46oY79G5JbvLcIxs6ouU1LF5k1JpdG92IE7oEdGedCUEf4bj.n7N.bniTzQPUOj.fIPJejWmGtk7zoar7sY06WhfEwMw.9jnF1n8kzOCeTHfbri68PFMH.DQWbZqgnyaRkiRCoxvqeIcQe58QcUvSO80giQRFqhjNO18FOBBFaLy6fyt4IXsBeooK.pz13HIc0DWyE1sVKi02s3jv3aJfz0sjVDkasIkkOg_r1W3tcD0fkFCQ9L_jFumceMnCYpwX.CxtwKjvTJvo.Pwu2Dw_tyHPmyWsL17YR9qL.UZfNU5NIHZvpzBk2AaRvg_VqDoyR_kGZfvaytEUUxNtTT5t6kRGh8mNbjX6IySGxphvItzuZDINMPoBrHx3SBpjOxpT4dKmhbH9nJ8OxLvGn8SZhbIuJszLHPpcvEIWQJw9e1RS.YYXJBe9XrX83s0PlSOpfil_HFJ01_kcxbo0H4CWoU3SeWwtiv7G5Jmeg9NDnydyqttz2YXOIWIF5dqx.8slIaWVMM9J1dJbQj.9gNLz35963MPDxRuM9NcdyHRQAvE7k6IprizfnmDwPf8hS0l3DZd11lWZYhRwb4rRRWa_YJFYeibbT0ty7QUo.Ecf5m.yJT7v8FLIRJ1jeEdCnM5X4balKGNCkS1r5lqVmnvsC97llX6tKnSkH8QN.T_c02e2C1K_JKqmsRHL1RqwhrZKL_Dl2GmGAf_akzdMZhEUOQnJDk4CMbNoMxzWkiRRuC7jEnXBUVJ7xWyI6VWwXC2xzQiaK3_D60cHKVC5LjxhrrPFSYIZyJBTnznvQ.XvUq982CEbsxVdd3EMzQMeo70s1eYSTNORnbWBzxHK._59.QAXnpymjMDdxA.4i9KPm2oYQNFL_Y4bY07kBNp3epWC.BQhRGU_H4er40rlunOAC1pIe9zbVtAO9WyPCCgUZRfHwiIREkMTIWGIexxtDwTD_EFWNNLtWfihGMgopVO6UqZVQKE7HUTwRvb3bYqVfMPPN1LWIcjizArdQiq.QfXQQI2W5MLS8YsQL_33VNToRqNYSE1bydD5wEJy.rS4VCIg5yNzGkesMIO6GF0ApuVHhH3PUqpmlz6nEuCindKrEQ2DkYqS71zYNyEPqOfKahk1nL.5pnWsdHDoo40SZbcuIVaIOHOIqf.fwcniHnqqgFbcjqX_j4iecBn0hKkGrpoKqM0aRYB64GnBHxFoJOi8xkYB497zov3_2uTiQFvzOdiewt2ju6v1jVsSkAypZTbbYitMdS2SXxNiCnIyFbgGfsRBwSwuGl5POVIRqwhzJrzxjOP0FSsKVZfVWs.o4FrA1_mp3DO9ZU.FJtWJw2bFrwne0WUo8BaP4Zy59Pj.8cmq1UKxTQaxlLcCJig4ZUH0sL2jIey9oUtWxihY1tw1dNY8UeUIm4h.zjYTMUsovwFC9phbU_wTjoTfXT994F3WI1kohUdfw2_EZoRNTdo2nHpoKpqA8.IwdCaFiv.h44pQxWlgH6QICUUWMNNUBSsPxptCocjmr3c.Cr7JFvkPrckezS6p"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91348a7cad693d77';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=bi-stability&__cf_chl_rt_tk=M4zMfWm46PjZTHB2B5zWWymyv8tEsz1AcsVy21IwDUY-1739782343-1.0.1.1-tH3nG8VzkfHlEYQllosLBS7vVTyJFHzVlxn.cVWIW0U" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>