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class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referências</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referências-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ligações_externas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligações_externas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Ligações externas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligações_externas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Edward Charles Pickering</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 40 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">40 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AC" title="إدوارد تشارلز بيكرنج — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إدوارد تشارلز بيكرنج" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AC" title="ادوارد تشارلز بيكرنج — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ادوارد تشارلز بيكرنج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B2_%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%82" title="ادوارد چارلز پیکرینق — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ادوارد چارلز پیکرینق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8E%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%B5%D8%B2_%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF" title="ئێدوارد چارڵز پیکەرینگ — curdo central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئێدوارد چارڵز پیکەرینگ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B2_%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF" title="ادوارد چارلز پیکرینگ — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ادوارد چارلز پیکرینگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%93%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%A6%27%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%A1_%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92" title="אדוארד צ'ארלס פיקרינג — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אדוארד צ'ארלס פיקרינג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97" title="एडवर्ड चार्ल्स पिकरिंग — hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एडवर्ड चार्ल्स पिकरिंग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%89%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%83%94%E3%83%83%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0" title="エドワード・ピッカリング — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エドワード・ピッカリング" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%8E%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D" title="ಎಡ್ವರ್ಡ್ ಚಾರ್ಲ್ಸ್ ಪಿಕೆರಿಂಗ್ — canarim" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಎಡ್ವರ್ಡ್ ಚಾರ್ಲ್ಸ್ ಪಿಕೆರಿಂಗ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="canarim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%93%9C%EC%9B%8C%EB%93%9C_%EC%B0%B0%EC%8A%A4_%ED%94%BC%EC%BB%A4%EB%A7%81" title="에드워드 찰스 피커링 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에드워드 찰스 피커링" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — luxemburguês" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburguês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — norueguês nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norueguês nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3,_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7" title="Пикеринг, Эдуард Чарлз — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пикеринг, Эдуард Чарлз" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Едвард Чарлс Пикеринг — sérvio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Едвард Чарлс Пикеринг" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sérvio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Charles_Pickering" title="Edward Charles Pickering — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Edward Charles Pickering" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a 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</div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Origem: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pt" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox infobox_v2" cellpadding="3" border="0" style="width: 270px; font-size: 88%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" class="topo padrao" style="text-align:center; font-size:large; background-color:gainsboro; border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;"><span class="">Edward Charles Pickering</span> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div style="padding-bottom: 5px;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Edward_Charles_Pickering_06050r.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Edward Charles Pickering"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Edward_Charles_Pickering_06050r.jpg/200px-Edward_Charles_Pickering_06050r.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Edward_Charles_Pickering_06050r.jpg/300px-Edward_Charles_Pickering_06050r.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Edward_Charles_Pickering_06050r.jpg/400px-Edward_Charles_Pickering_06050r.jpg 2x" data-file-width="425" data-file-height="582" /></a><figcaption>Edward Charles Pickering</figcaption></figure></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Nascimento </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/19_de_julho#Nascimentos" title="19 de julho">19 de julho</a> de <a href="/wiki/1846" title="1846">1846</a><br /><span class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Morte </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/3_de_fevereiro" title="3 de fevereiro">3 de fevereiro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a> (72 anos)<br /><span class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_(Massachusetts)" title="Cambridge (Massachusetts)">Cambridge</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Nacionalidade </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Povo_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Povo dos Estados Unidos">norte-americano</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Cidadania </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Estados Unidos </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Irmão(ã)(s) </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Pickering" title="William Henry Pickering">William Henry Pickering</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;"><i><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></i> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universidade_Harvard" title="Universidade Harvard">Universidade Harvard</a></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Ocupação </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Astr%C3%B4nomo" title="Astrônomo">astrônomo</a>, astrofísico, <a href="/wiki/Professor_universit%C3%A1rio" class="mw-redirect" title="Professor universitário">professor universitário</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Distinções </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Medalha_de_Ouro_da_Royal_Astronomical_Society" title="Medalha de Ouro da Royal Astronomical Society">Medalha de Ouro da RAS</a> (1886) e (1901)</span> <br /> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%AAmio_Valz" title="Prêmio Valz">Prémio Valz</a> (1888)</span> <br /> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Medalha_Henry_Draper" title="Medalha Henry Draper">Medalha Henry Draper</a> (1888)</span> <br /> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%AAmio_Rumford" title="Prêmio Rumford">Prémio Rumford</a> (1891)</span> <br /> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Medalha_Henry_Draper" title="Medalha Henry Draper">Medalha Henry Draper</a> (1888)</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Medalha_Bruce" title="Medalha Bruce">Medalha Bruce</a> (1908)</span> <br /> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%AAmio_Jules_Janssen" title="Prêmio Jules Janssen">Prêmio Jules Janssen</a> (1908)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Empregador(a) </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Universidade_Harvard" title="Universidade Harvard">Universidade Harvard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Instituto_de_Tecnologia_de_Massachusetts" title="Instituto de Tecnologia de Massachusetts">Instituto de Tecnologia de Massachusetts</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Campo(s) </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia">astronomia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Assinatura </th></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" colspan="2"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Signature_of_Edward_Charles_Pickering.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Assinatura de Edward Charles Pickering"><img alt="Assinatura de Edward Charles Pickering" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Signature_of_Edward_Charles_Pickering.png/128px-Signature_of_Edward_Charles_Pickering.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Signature_of_Edward_Charles_Pickering.png 1.5x" data-file-width="179" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:gainsboro"><div style="text-align: right;">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156896" class="extiw" title="d:Q156896">edite no Wikidata</a>]</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Edward Charles Pickering</b> (<a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/19_de_julho" title="19 de julho">19 de julho</a> de <a href="/wiki/1846_na_ci%C3%AAncia" title="1846 na ciência">1846</a> — <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_(Massachusetts)" title="Cambridge (Massachusetts)">Cambridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/3_de_fevereiro" title="3 de fevereiro">3 de fevereiro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1919_na_ci%C3%AAncia" title="1919 na ciência">1919</a>) foi um <a href="/wiki/Astr%C3%B4nomo" title="Astrônomo">astrônomo</a> e <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsico" title="Físico">físico</a> <a href="/wiki/Povo_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Povo dos Estados Unidos">estadunidense</a>. </p><p>Irmão de <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Pickering" title="William Henry Pickering">William Henry Pickering</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografia">Biografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Charles_Pickering&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Biografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Charles_Pickering&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Biografia"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nascido em Boston, frequentou a Boston Latin School. Graduou-se dezenove anos na Lawrence Scientific School (parte da <a href="/wiki/Universidade_de_Harvard" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidade de Harvard">Universidade de Harvard</a>)  e desde 1867 é assistente de física no <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a>.  Mais tarde, tornou-se diretor do Observatório de Harvard, onde fez grandes avanços no estudo dos espectros estelares com o uso da fotografia. Em Harvard, muitas mulheres trabalharam para ele, incluindo <a href="/wiki/Annie_Jump_Cannon" title="Annie Jump Cannon">Annie Jump Cannon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Swan_Leavitt" title="Henrietta Swan Leavitt">Henrietta Swan Leavitt</a> e <a href="/wiki/Antonia_Maury" title="Antonia Maury">Antonia Maury</a>. Estes, mais tarde conhecidos como "harém de Pickering", fizeram inúmeras descobertas de grande importância. Por exemplo, Leavitt descobriu a relação do período de luminosidade das <a href="/wiki/Cefeida" title="Cefeida">Cefeidas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Em 1911 foi um dos fundadores da Associação Americana de Observadores de Estrelas Variáveis, com <a href="/wiki/William_Alcott" title="William Alcott">William Olcott</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publicações"><span id="Publica.C3.A7.C3.B5es"></span>Publicações</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Charles_Pickering&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Publicações" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Charles_Pickering&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Publicações"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>(1873–76) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000630193"><i>Elements of physical manipulation</i></a> New York: Hurd & Houghton OCLC 16078533</li> <li>(1882) <i>A plan for securing observations of the variable stars</i> Cambridge: J. Wilson and Son OCLC 260332440</li> <li>(1886) <i>An investigation in stellar photography</i> Cambridge: J. Wilson and Son OCLC 15790725</li> <li>(1891) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001653135"><i>Preparation and discussion of the Draper catalogue</i></a> Cambridge: J. Wilson and Son OCLC 3492105</li> <li>(1903) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/008419916"><i>Plan for the endowment of astronomical research</i></a> Cambridge: Astronomical observatory of Harvard College OCLC 30005226</li> <li><cite class="citation news">Pickering, EC (1912). «The Allegheny Observatory In Its Relation To Astronomy». <i><a href="/wiki/Science_(journal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Science (journal)">Science</a></i>. <b>36</b> (927) (publicado em 4 de outubro de 1912). pp. 417–421. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1912Sci....36..417P">1912Sci....36..417P</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17788756">17788756</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.36.927.417">10.1126/science.36.927.417</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AEdward+Charles+Pickering&rft.atitle=The+Allegheny+Observatory+In+Its+Relation+To+Astronomy&rft.aufirst=EC&rft.aulast=Pickering&rft.date=1912&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=927&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.pages=417-421&rft.volume=36&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1912Sci....36..417P&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.36.927.417&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17788756&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Homenagens">Homenagens</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Charles_Pickering&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar secção: Homenagens" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Charles_Pickering&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Homenagens"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1886 e 1901 - <a href="/wiki/Medalha_de_Ouro_da_Royal_Astronomical_Society" title="Medalha de Ouro da Royal Astronomical Society">Medalha de Ouro da Royal Astronomical Society</a><sup id="cite_ref-M_O_R_Astro_S_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M_O_R_Astro_S-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1888 - <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%AAmio_Valz" title="Prêmio Valz">Prémio Valz</a></li> <li>1888 - <a href="/wiki/Medalha_Henry_Draper" title="Medalha Henry Draper">Medalha Henry Draper</a></li> <li>1891 - <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%AAmio_Rumford" title="Prêmio Rumford">Prémio Rumford</a><sup id="cite_ref-P_Rumford_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-P_Rumford-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1888 - <a href="/wiki/Medalha_Henry_Draper" title="Medalha Henry Draper">Medalha Henry Draper</a></li> <li>1908 - <a href="/wiki/Medalha_Bruce" title="Medalha Bruce">Medalha Bruce</a><sup id="cite_ref-M_Bruce_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M_Bruce-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1908 - <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%AAmio_Jules_Janssen" title="Prêmio Jules Janssen">Prêmio Jules Janssen</a><sup id="cite_ref-P_J_Janssen_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-P_J_Janssen-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Obituários"><span id="Obitu.C3.A1rios"></span>Obituários</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Charles_Pickering&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar secção: Obituários" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Charles_Pickering&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Obituários"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>(em alemão) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/AN.../0208//0000075.000.html">AN <b>208</b> (1919) 133/134</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/JRASC/0013//0000160.000.html">JRASC <b>13</b> (1919) 160</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/MNRAS/0080//0000360.000.html">MNRAS <b>80</b> (1920) 360</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/PASP./0031//0000073.000.html">PASP <b>31</b> (1919) 73</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ver_também"><span id="Ver_tamb.C3.A9m"></span>Ver também</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Charles_Pickering&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar secção: Ver também" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Charles_Pickering&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ver também"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pickering_(cratera_marciana)" title="Pickering (cratera marciana)">Pickering (cratera marciana)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/784_Pickeringia" title="784 Pickeringia">784 Pickeringia</a></li></ul> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archivesspace.mit.edu/repositories/2/resources/950">«Collection: Edward C. Pickering papers | MIT ArchivesSpace»</a>. <i>archivesspace.mit.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 5 de junho de 2022</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AEdward+Charles+Pickering&rft.atitle=Collection%3A+Edward+C.+Pickering+papers+%7C+MIT+ArchivesSpace&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archivesspace.mit.edu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchivesspace.mit.edu%2Frepositories%2F2%2Fresources%2F950&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/edward-charles-pickering">«Pickering, Edward Charles nell'Enciclopedia Treccani»</a>. <i>www.treccani.it</i> (em italiano)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 5 de junho de 2022</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AEdward+Charles+Pickering&rft.atitle=Pickering%2C+Edward+Charles+nell%27Enciclopedia+Treccani&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.treccani.it&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.treccani.it%2Fenciclopedia%2Fedward-charles-pickering&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edward-Charles-Pickering">«Edward Charles Pickering | American physicist and astronomer | Britannica»</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i> (em inglês)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 5 de junho de 2022</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AEdward+Charles+Pickering&rft.atitle=Edward+Charles+Pickering+%7C+American+physicist+and+astronomer+%7C+Britannica&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FEdward-Charles-Pickering&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-M_O_R_Astro_S-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-M_O_R_Astro_S_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ras.org.uk/awards-and-grants/awards/241-lists-of-medalists-prize-winners-and-lecturers">«Gold Medal Winners»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(pdf)</span> (em inglês). Royal Astronomical Society<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 17 de novembro de 2017</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170915160344/http://www.ras.org.uk/awards-and-grants/awards/241-lists-of-medalists-prize-winners-and-lecturers">Cópia arquivada em 15 de setembro de 2017</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AEdward+Charles+Pickering&rft.btitle=Gold+Medal+Winners&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Royal+Astronomical+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ras.org.uk%2Fawards-and-grants%2Fawards%2F241-lists-of-medalists-prize-winners-and-lecturers&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-P_Rumford-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-P_Rumford_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amacad.org/content/about/about.aspx?d=17&t=4&s=0">«Recipients of the Rumford Prize»</a> (em inglês). American Academy of Arts & Sciences<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 8 de outubro de 2016</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161008175245/https://www.amacad.org/content/about/about.aspx?d=17&t=4&s=0">Cópia arquivada em 8 de outubro de 2016</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AEdward+Charles+Pickering&rft.btitle=Recipients+of+the+Rumford+Prize&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=American+Academy+of+Arts+%26+Sciences&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amacad.org%2Fcontent%2Fabout%2Fabout.aspx%3Fd%3D17%26t%3D4%26s%3D0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-M_Bruce-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-M_Bruce_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phys-astro.sonoma.edu/BruceMedalists/">«The Bruce Medalists»</a> (em inglês). Sonoma State University / Department of Physics and Astronomy<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 26 de dezembro de 2015</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150909204844/http://www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu/BruceMedalists/index.html">Cópia arquivada em 8 de setembro de 2015</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AEdward+Charles+Pickering&rft.btitle=The+Bruce+Medalists&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Sonoma+State+University+%2F+Department+of+Physics+and+Astronomy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphys-astro.sonoma.edu%2FBruceMedalists%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-P_J_Janssen-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-P_J_Janssen_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://saf-astronomie.fr/prix-janssen/">«Prix Janssen / Liste des lauréats du Prix Janssen depuis son origine»</a> (em francês)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 21 de novembro de 2017</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171121154650/https://saf-astronomie.fr/prix-janssen/">Cópia arquivada em 21 de novembro de 2017</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AEdward+Charles+Pickering&rft.btitle=Prix+Janssen+%2F+Liste+des+laur%C3%A9ats+du+Prix+Janssen+depuis+son+origine&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsaf-astronomie.fr%2Fprix-janssen%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ligações_externas"><span id="Liga.C3.A7.C3.B5es_externas"></span>Ligações externas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Charles_Pickering&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar secção: Ligações externas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Charles_Pickering&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ligações externas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f9f9f9); color: inherit; width: 238px; padding: 5px; spacing: 0px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; vertical-align:middle;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/22px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/33px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/44px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 30px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;">O <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1gina_principal" class="extiw" title="commons:Página principal">Commons</a> possui uma <i>categoria</i> com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Edward_Charles_Pickering?uselang=pt">Edward Charles Pickering</a></span></b></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/author/6174">Obras de Edward Charles Pickering</a> (em inglês) no <a href="/wiki/Projeto_Gutenberg" title="Projeto Gutenberg">Projeto Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//archive.org/search.php?query=%28subject%3A%22Pickering%2C%20Edward%20Charles%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Pickering%2C%20Edward%20C%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Pickering%2C%20E%2E%20C%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Edward%20Charles%20Pickering%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Edward%20C%2E%20Pickering%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22E%2E%20C%2E%20Pickering%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Pickering%2C%20Edward%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Edward%20Pickering%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Edward%20Charles%20Pickering%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Edward%20C%2E%20Pickering%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22E%2E%20C%2E%20Pickering%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22E%2E%20Charles%20Pickering%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Pickering%2C%20Edward%20Charles%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Pickering%2C%20Edward%20C%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Pickering%2C%20E%2E%20C%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Pickering%2C%20E%2E%20Charles%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Edward%20Pickering%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Pickering%2C%20Edward%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Edward%20Charles%20Pickering%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Edward%20C%2E%20Pickering%22%20OR%20title%3A%22E%2E%20C%2E%20Pickering%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Edward%20Pickering%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Edward%20Charles%20Pickering%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Edward%20C%2E%20Pickering%22%20OR%20description%3A%22E%2E%20C%2E%20Pickering%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Pickering%2C%20Edward%20Charles%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Pickering%2C%20Edward%20C%2E%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Edward%20Pickering%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Pickering%2C%20Edward%22%29%20OR%20%28%221846-1919%22%20AND%20Pickering%29">Obras de ou sobre Edward Charles Pickering</a> no <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/pickering-edward.pdf">Edward Charles Pickering</a> — <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biographical_Memoirs_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences (página não existe)">Biographical Memoirs</a></i> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518090053/http://web.calstatela.edu/faculty/kaniol/a360/harvard_women.htm">Mulheres Astrônomas em Harvard na Virada do Século</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Obituários</dt></dl> <ul><li>(em alemão) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/AN.../0208//0000075.000.html">AN <b>208</b> (1919) 133/134</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/JRASC/0013//0000160.000.html">JRASC <b>13</b> (1919) 160</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/MNRAS/0080//0000360.000.html">MNRAS <b>80</b> (1920) 360</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/PASP./0031//0000073.000.html">PASP <b>31</b> (1919) 73</a></li></ul> <p>  </p><table class="toccolours" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin:0 auto; font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> Precedido por<br /><b><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/William_Huggins" title="William Huggins">William Huggins</a></span></b></td> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> <b><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Medalha_de_Ouro_da_Royal_Astronomical_Society" title="Medalha de Ouro da Royal Astronomical Society">Medalha de Ouro da Royal Astronomical Society</a></span></b><br />1886<br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;">com <a href="/wiki/Charles_Pritchard" title="Charles Pritchard">Charles Pritchard</a></span></td> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> Sucedido por<br /><b><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/George_William_Hill" title="George William Hill">George William Hill</a></span></b></td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> Precedido por<br /><b><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Pierpont_Langley" title="Samuel Pierpont Langley">Samuel Pierpont Langley</a></span></b></td> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> <b><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Medalha_Henry_Draper" title="Medalha Henry Draper">Medalha Henry Draper</a></span></b><br />1888</td> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> Sucedido por<br /><b><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Augustus_Rowland" title="Henry Augustus Rowland">Henry Augustus Rowland</a></span></b></td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> Precedido por<br /><b><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Henri_Poincar%C3%A9" title="Henri Poincaré">Henri Poincaré</a></span></b></td> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> <b><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Medalha_de_Ouro_da_Royal_Astronomical_Society" title="Medalha de Ouro da Royal Astronomical Society">Medalha de Ouro da Royal Astronomical Society</a></span></b><br />1901</td> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> Sucedido por<br /><b><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jacobus_Kapteyn" title="Jacobus Kapteyn">Jacobus Kapteyn</a></span></b></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Medalha_de_Ouro_da_Royal_Astronomical_Society_(1824_–_2024)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_de_Ouro_da_Royal_Astronomical_Society" title="Predefinição:Medalha de Ouro da Royal Astronomical Society"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Medalha_de_Ouro_da_Royal_Astronomical_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Medalha de Ouro da Royal Astronomical Society (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_de_Ouro_da_Royal_Astronomical_Society&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Medalha_de_Ouro_da_Royal_Astronomical_Society_(1824_–_2024)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Medalha_de_Ouro_da_Royal_Astronomical_Society" title="Medalha de Ouro da Royal Astronomical Society">Medalha de Ouro da Royal Astronomical Society (1824 – 2024)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Século XIX</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;font-size:95%;line-height:120%;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1820</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1824: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Babbage" title="Charles Babbage">Charles Babbage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johann_Franz_Encke" title="Johann Franz Encke">Johann Franz Encke</a></li> <li>1826: <a href="/wiki/John_Herschel" title="John Herschel">John Herschel</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_South" title="James South">James South</a>, <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Georg_Wilhelm_Struve" title="Friedrich Georg Wilhelm Struve">Wilhelm Struve</a></li> <li>1827: <a href="/wiki/Francis_Baily" title="Francis Baily">Francis Baily</a></li> <li>1828: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brisbane" title="Thomas Brisbane">Thomas Brisbane</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Dunlop" title="James Dunlop">James Dunlop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Herschel" title="Caroline Herschel">Caroline Herschel</a></li> <li>1829: <a href="/wiki/William_Pearson" title="William Pearson">William Pearson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Bessel" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel">Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Christian_Schumacher" title="Heinrich Christian Schumacher">Heinrich Christian Schumacher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1830</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#F7F7F7;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1830: <a href="/wiki/William_Richardson_(astr%C3%B4nomo)" title="William Richardson (astrônomo)">William Richardson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johann_Franz_Encke" title="Johann Franz Encke">Johann Franz Encke</a></li> <li>1831: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kater" title="Henry Kater">Henry Kater</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marie-Charles_Damoiseau" title="Marie-Charles Damoiseau">Marie-Charles Damoiseau</a></li> <li>1833: <a href="/wiki/George_Biddell_Airy" title="George Biddell Airy">George Biddell Airy</a></li> <li>1835: <a href="/wiki/Manuel_John_Johnson" title="Manuel John Johnson">Manuel John Johnson</a></li> <li>1836: <a href="/wiki/John_Herschel" title="John Herschel">John Herschel</a></li> <li>1837: <a href="/wiki/Otto_August_Rosenberger" title="Otto August Rosenberger">Otto August Rosenberger</a></li> <li>1839: <a href="/wiki/John_Wrottesley" title="John Wrottesley">John Wrottesley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1840</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1840: <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Plana" title="Giovanni Plana">Giovanni Plana</a></li> <li>1841: <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Bessel" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel">Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel</a></li> <li>1842: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Andreas_Hansen" title="Peter Andreas Hansen">Peter Andreas Hansen</a></li> <li>1843: <a href="/wiki/Francis_Baily" title="Francis Baily">Francis Baily</a></li> <li>1845: <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Smyth" title="William Henry Smyth">William Henry Smyth</a></li> <li>1846: <a href="/wiki/George_Biddell_Airy" title="George Biddell Airy">George Biddell Airy</a></li> <li>1849: <a href="/wiki/William_Lassell" title="William Lassell">William Lassell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1850</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#F7F7F7;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1850: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Wilhelm_von_Struve" title="Otto Wilhelm von Struve">Otto Wilhelm von Struve</a></li> <li>1851: <a href="/wiki/Annibale_de_Gasparis" title="Annibale de Gasparis">Annibale de Gasparis</a></li> <li>1852: <a href="/wiki/Christian_August_Friedrich_Peters" title="Christian August Friedrich Peters">Christian August Friedrich Peters</a></li> <li>1853: <a href="/wiki/John_Russell_Hind" title="John Russell Hind">John Russell Hind</a></li> <li>1854: <a href="/wiki/Karl_R%C3%BCmker" title="Karl Rümker">Karl Rümker</a></li> <li>1855: <a href="/wiki/William_Rutter_Dawes" title="William Rutter Dawes">William Rutter Dawes</a></li> <li>1856: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Grant" title="Robert Grant">Robert Grant</a></li> <li>1857: <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Heinrich_Schwabe" title="Samuel Heinrich Schwabe">Samuel Heinrich Schwabe</a></li> <li>1858: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Main" title="Robert Main">Robert Main</a></li> <li>1859: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Christopher_Carrington" title="Richard Christopher Carrington">Richard Christopher Carrington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1860</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1860: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Andreas_Hansen" title="Peter Andreas Hansen">Peter Andreas Hansen</a></li> <li>1861: <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Mayer_Salomon_Goldschmidt" title="Hermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt">Hermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt</a></li> <li>1862: <a href="/wiki/Warren_De_La_Rue" title="Warren De La Rue">Warren De La Rue</a></li> <li>1863: <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_August_Argelander" title="Friedrich Wilhelm August Argelander">Friedrich Wilhelm August Argelander</a></li> <li>1865: <a href="/wiki/George_Phillips_Bond" title="George Phillips Bond">George Phillips Bond</a></li> <li>1866: <a href="/wiki/John_Couch_Adams" title="John Couch Adams">John Couch Adams</a></li> <li>1867: <a href="/wiki/William_Huggins" title="William Huggins">William Huggins</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Allen_Miller" title="William Allen Miller">William Allen Miller</a></li> <li>1868: <a href="/wiki/Urbain_Le_Verrier" title="Urbain Le Verrier">Urbain Le Verrier</a></li> <li>1869: <a href="/wiki/Edward_James_Stone" title="Edward James Stone">Edward James Stone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1870</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#F7F7F7;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1870: <a href="/wiki/Charles-Eug%C3%A8ne_Delaunay" title="Charles-Eugène Delaunay">Charles-Eugène Delaunay</a></li> <li>1872: <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Schiaparelli" title="Giovanni Schiaparelli">Giovanni Schiaparelli</a></li> <li>1874: <a href="/wiki/Simon_Newcomb" title="Simon Newcomb">Simon Newcomb</a></li> <li>1875: <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Louis_d%27Arrest" title="Heinrich Louis d'Arrest">Heinrich Louis d'Arrest</a></li> <li>1876: <a href="/wiki/Urbain_Le_Verrier" title="Urbain Le Verrier">Urbain Le Verrier</a></li> <li>1878: <a href="/wiki/Ercole_Dembowski" title="Ercole Dembowski">Ercole Dembowski</a></li> <li>1879: <a href="/wiki/Asaph_Hall" title="Asaph Hall">Asaph Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1880</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1881: <a href="/wiki/Axel_M%C3%B6ller" title="Axel Möller">Axel Möller</a></li> <li>1882: <a href="/wiki/David_Gill" title="David Gill">David Gill</a></li> <li>1883: <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Apthorp_Gould" title="Benjamin Apthorp Gould">Benjamin Apthorp Gould</a></li> <li>1884: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Ainslie_Common" title="Andrew Ainslie Common">Andrew Ainslie Common</a></li> <li>1885: <a href="/wiki/William_Huggins" title="William Huggins">William Huggins</a></li> <li>1886: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Edward Charles Pickering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Pritchard" title="Charles Pritchard">Charles Pritchard</a></li> <li>1887: <a href="/wiki/George_William_Hill" title="George William Hill">George William Hill</a></li> <li>1888: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Auwers" title="Arthur Auwers">Arthur Auwers</a></li> <li>1889: <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Loewy" title="Maurice Loewy">Maurice Loewy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1890</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#F7F7F7;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1892: <a href="/wiki/George_Darwin" title="George Darwin">George Darwin</a></li> <li>1893: <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Carl_Vogel" title="Hermann Carl Vogel">Hermann Carl Vogel</a></li> <li>1894: <a href="/wiki/Sherburne_Wesley_Burnham" title="Sherburne Wesley Burnham">Sherburne Wesley Burnham</a></li> <li>1895: <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Roberts" title="Isaac Roberts">Isaac Roberts</a></li> <li>1896: <a href="/wiki/Seth_Carlo_Chandler" title="Seth Carlo Chandler">Seth Carlo Chandler</a></li> <li>1897: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Barnard" title="Edward Barnard">Edward Barnard</a></li> <li>1898: <a href="/wiki/William_Frederick_Denning" title="William Frederick Denning">William Frederick Denning</a></li> <li>1899: <a href="/wiki/Frank_McClean" title="Frank McClean">Frank McClean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Medalha de Prata</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1824: <a href="/wiki/Karl_R%C3%BCmker" title="Karl Rümker">Karl Rümker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Pons" title="Jean-Louis Pons">Jean-Louis Pons</a></li> <li>1827 <a href="/wiki/William_Samuel_Stratford" title="William Samuel Stratford">William Samuel Stratford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Beaufoy" title="Mark Beaufoy">Mark Beaufoy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Medalha de<br />Reconhecimento</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#F7F7F7;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1848: <a href="/wiki/George_Biddell_Airy" title="George Biddell Airy">George Biddell Airy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Couch_Adams" title="John Couch Adams">John Couch Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_August_Argelander" title="Friedrich Wilhelm August Argelander">Friedrich Wilhelm August Argelander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bishop" title="George Bishop">George Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Everest" title="George Everest">George Everest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Herschel" title="John Herschel">John Herschel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Andreas_Hansen" title="Peter Andreas Hansen">Peter Andreas Hansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Ludwig_Hencke" title="Karl Ludwig Hencke">Karl Ludwig Hencke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Russell_Hind" title="John Russell Hind">John Russell Hind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbain_Le_Verrier" title="Urbain Le Verrier">Urbain Le Verrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_William_Lubbock" title="John William Lubbock">John William Lubbock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_von_Wei%C3%9Fe" title="Maximilian von Weiße">Maximilian von Weiße</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Asaph_Hall_Gold_Medal.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A medalha de ouro de Asaph Hall, 1879."><img alt="A medalha de ouro de Asaph Hall, 1879." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Asaph_Hall_Gold_Medal.jpg/50px-Asaph_Hall_Gold_Medal.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Asaph_Hall_Gold_Medal.jpg/75px-Asaph_Hall_Gold_Medal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Asaph_Hall_Gold_Medal.jpg/100px-Asaph_Hall_Gold_Medal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="387" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Século XX</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;font-size:95%;line-height:120%;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1900</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1900: <a href="/wiki/Henri_Poincar%C3%A9" title="Henri Poincaré">Henri Poincaré</a></li> <li>1901: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Edward Charles Pickering</a></li> <li>1902: <a href="/wiki/Jacobus_Kapteyn" title="Jacobus Kapteyn">Jacobus Kapteyn</a></li> <li>1903: <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Struve" title="Hermann Struve">Hermann Struve</a></li> <li>1904: <a href="/wiki/George_Ellery_Hale" title="George Ellery Hale">George Ellery Hale</a></li> <li>1905: <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Boss" title="Lewis Boss">Lewis Boss</a></li> <li>1906: <a href="/wiki/William_Wallace_Campbell" title="William Wallace Campbell">William Wallace Campbell</a></li> <li>1907: <a href="/wiki/Ernest_William_Brown" title="Ernest William Brown">Ernest William Brown</a></li> <li>1908: <a href="/wiki/David_Gill" title="David Gill">David Gill</a></li> <li>1909: <a href="/wiki/Oskar_Backlund" title="Oskar Backlund">Oskar Backlund</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1910</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#F7F7F7;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1910: <a href="/wiki/Karl_Friedrich_K%C3%BCstner" title="Karl Friedrich Küstner">Karl Friedrich Küstner</a></li> <li>1911: <a href="/wiki/Philip_Herbert_Cowell" title="Philip Herbert Cowell">Philip Herbert Cowell</a></li> <li>1912: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Robert_Hinks" title="Arthur Robert Hinks">Arthur Robert Hinks</a></li> <li>1913: <a href="/wiki/Henri-Alexandre_Deslandres" title="Henri-Alexandre Deslandres">Henri-Alexandre Deslandres</a></li> <li>1914: <a href="/wiki/Max_Wolf" title="Max Wolf">Max Wolf</a></li> <li>1915: <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Fowler" title="Alfred Fowler">Alfred Fowler</a></li> <li>1916: <a href="/wiki/John_Dreyer" title="John Dreyer">John Dreyer</a></li> <li>1917: <a href="/wiki/Walter_Sydney_Adams" title="Walter Sydney Adams">Walter Sydney Adams</a></li> <li>1918: <a href="/wiki/John_Evershed" title="John Evershed">John Evershed</a></li> <li>1919: <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Bigourdan" title="Guillaume Bigourdan">Guillaume Bigourdan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1920</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1921: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Norris_Russell" title="Henry Norris Russell">Henry Norris Russell</a></li> <li>1922: <a href="/wiki/James_Jeans" title="James Jeans">James Jeans</a></li> <li>1923: <a href="/wiki/Albert_A._Michelson" title="Albert A. Michelson">Albert A. Michelson</a></li> <li>1924: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Eddington" title="Arthur Eddington">Arthur Eddington</a></li> <li>1925: <a href="/wiki/Frank_Watson_Dyson" title="Frank Watson Dyson">Frank Watson Dyson</a></li> <li>1926: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a></li> <li>1927: <a href="/wiki/Frank_Schlesinger" title="Frank Schlesinger">Frank Schlesinger</a></li> <li>1928: <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Allen_Sampson" title="Ralph Allen Sampson">Ralph Allen Sampson</a></li> <li>1929: <a href="/wiki/Ejnar_Hertzsprung" title="Ejnar Hertzsprung">Ejnar Hertzsprung</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1930</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#F7F7F7;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1930: <a href="/wiki/John_Stanley_Plaskett" title="John Stanley Plaskett">John Stanley Plaskett</a></li> <li>1931: <a href="/wiki/Willem_de_Sitter" title="Willem de Sitter">Willem de Sitter</a></li> <li>1932: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Grant_Aitken" title="Robert Grant Aitken">Robert Grant Aitken</a></li> <li>1933: <a href="/wiki/Vesto_M._Slipher" title="Vesto M. Slipher">Vesto M. Slipher</a></li> <li>1934: <a href="/wiki/Harlow_Shapley" title="Harlow Shapley">Harlow Shapley</a></li> <li>1935: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Arthur_Milne" title="Edward Arthur Milne">Edward Arthur Milne</a></li> <li>1936: <a href="/wiki/Hisashi_Kimura" title="Hisashi Kimura">Hisashi Kimura</a></li> <li>1937: <a href="/wiki/Harold_Jeffreys" title="Harold Jeffreys">Harold Jeffreys</a></li> <li>1938: <a href="/wiki/William_Hammond_Wright" title="William Hammond Wright">William Hammond Wright</a></li> <li>1939: <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lyot" title="Bernard Lyot">Bernard Lyot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1940</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1940: <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Powell_Hubble" title="Edwin Powell Hubble">Edwin Powell Hubble</a></li> <li>1943: <a href="/wiki/Harold_Spencer_Jones" title="Harold Spencer Jones">Harold Spencer Jones</a></li> <li>1944: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Struve" title="Otto Struve">Otto Struve</a></li> <li>1945: <a href="/wiki/Bengt_Edl%C3%A9n" title="Bengt Edlén">Bengt Edlén</a></li> <li>1946: <a href="/wiki/Jan_Oort" title="Jan Oort">Jan Oort</a></li> <li>1947: <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Minnaert" title="Marcel Minnaert">Marcel Minnaert</a></li> <li>1948: <a href="/wiki/Bertil_Lindblad" title="Bertil Lindblad">Bertil Lindblad</a></li> <li>1949: <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Chapman" title="Sydney Chapman">Sydney Chapman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1950</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#F7F7F7;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1950: <a href="/wiki/Joel_Stebbins" title="Joel Stebbins">Joel Stebbins</a></li> <li>1951: <a href="/wiki/Anton_Pannekoek" title="Anton Pannekoek">Anton Pannekoek</a></li> <li>1952: <a href="/wiki/John_Jackson" title="John Jackson">John Jackson</a></li> <li>1953: <a href="/wiki/Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar</a></li> <li>1954: <a href="/wiki/Walter_Baade" title="Walter Baade">Walter Baade</a></li> <li>1955: <a href="/wiki/Dirk_Brouwer" title="Dirk Brouwer">Dirk Brouwer</a></li> <li>1956: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_George_Cowling" title="Thomas George Cowling">Thomas George Cowling</a></li> <li>1957: <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_Uns%C3%B6ld" title="Albrecht Unsöld">Albrecht Unsöld</a></li> <li>1958: <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9-Louis_Danjon" title="André-Louis Danjon">André-Louis Danjon</a></li> <li>1959: <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Lyttleton" title="Raymond Lyttleton">Raymond Lyttleton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1960</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1960: <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Ambartsumian" title="Viktor Ambartsumian">Viktor Ambartsumian</a></li> <li>1961: <a href="/wiki/Herman_Zanstra" title="Herman Zanstra">Herman Zanstra</a></li> <li>1962: <a href="/wiki/Bengt_Str%C3%B6mgren" title="Bengt Strömgren">Bengt Strömgren</a></li> <li>1963: <a href="/wiki/Harry_Hemley_Plaskett" title="Harry Hemley Plaskett">Harry Hemley Plaskett</a></li> <li>1964: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Ryle" title="Martin Ryle">Martin Ryle</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Maurice_Ewing" title="William Maurice Ewing">William Maurice Ewing</a></li> <li>1965: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Bullard" title="Edward Bullard">Edward Bullard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Maurice_Clemence" title="Gerald Maurice Clemence">Gerald Maurice Clemence</a></li> <li>1966: <a href="/wiki/Ira_Sprague_Bowen" title="Ira Sprague Bowen">Ira Sprague Bowen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Clayton_Urey" title="Harold Clayton Urey">Harold Clayton Urey</a></li> <li>1967: <a href="/wiki/Hannes_Alfv%C3%A9n" title="Hannes Alfvén">Hannes Alfvén</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allan_Rex_Sandage" title="Allan Rex Sandage">Allan Rex Sandage</a></li> <li>1968: <a href="/wiki/Fred_Hoyle" title="Fred Hoyle">Fred Hoyle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walter_Munk" title="Walter Munk">Walter Munk</a></li> <li>1969: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Thomas_Price" title="Albert Thomas Price">Albert Thomas Price</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Schwarzschild" title="Martin Schwarzschild">Martin Schwarzschild</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1970</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#F7F7F7;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1970: <a href="/wiki/Horace_Welcome_Babcock" title="Horace Welcome Babcock">Horace Welcome Babcock</a></li> <li>1971: <a href="/wiki/Frank_Press" title="Frank Press">Frank Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_van_der_Riet_Woolley" title="Richard van der Riet Woolley">Richard van der Riet Woolley</a></li> <li>1972: <a href="/wiki/Hal_Thirlaway" title="Hal Thirlaway">Hal Thirlaway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Zwicky" title="Fritz Zwicky">Fritz Zwicky</a></li> <li>1973: <a href="/wiki/Francis_Birch" title="Francis Birch">Francis Birch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edwin_E._Salpeter" title="Edwin E. Salpeter">Edwin E. Salpeter</a></li> <li>1974: <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Biermann" title="Ludwig Biermann">Ludwig Biermann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keith_Edward_Bullen" title="Keith Edward Bullen">Keith Edward Bullen</a></li> <li>1975: <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Leonard_Greenstein" title="Jesse Leonard Greenstein">Jesse Leonard Greenstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernst_%C3%96pik" title="Ernst Öpik">Ernst Öpik</a></li> <li>1976: <a href="/wiki/William_McCrea" title="William McCrea">William McCrea</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Ashworth_Ratcliffe" title="John Ashworth Ratcliffe">John Ashworth Ratcliffe</a></li> <li>1977: <a href="/wiki/David_Bates" title="David Bates">David Bates</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Gatenby_Bolton" title="John Gatenby Bolton">John Gatenby Bolton</a></li> <li>1978: <a href="/wiki/Lyman_Spitzer" title="Lyman Spitzer">Lyman Spitzer</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Van_Allen" title="James Van Allen">James Van Allen</a></li> <li>1979: <a href="/wiki/Leon_Knopoff" title="Leon Knopoff">Leon Knopoff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Gorrie_Wynne" title="Charles Gorrie Wynne">Charles Gorrie Wynne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1980</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1980: <a href="/wiki/Chaim_Leib_Pekeris" title="Chaim Leib Pekeris">Chaim Leib Pekeris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maarten_Schmidt" title="Maarten Schmidt">Maarten Schmidt</a></li> <li>1981: <a href="/wiki/James_Freeman_Gilbert" title="James Freeman Gilbert">James Freeman Gilbert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lovell" title="Bernard Lovell">Bernard Lovell</a></li> <li>1982: <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Riccardo Giacconi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harrie_Massey" title="Harrie Massey">Harrie Massey</a></li> <li>1983: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Seaton" title="Michael Seaton">Michael Seaton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fred_L._Whipple" title="Fred L. Whipple">Fred L. Whipple</a></li> <li>1984: <a href="/wiki/Keith_Runcorn" title="Keith Runcorn">Keith Runcorn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jakov_Seldovich" title="Jakov Seldovich">Jakov Seldovich</a></li> <li>1985: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gold" title="Thomas Gold">Thomas Gold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hawking" title="Stephen Hawking">Stephen Hawking</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/wiki/George_Edward_Backus" title="George Edward Backus">George Edward Backus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dalgarno" title="Alexander Dalgarno">Alexander Dalgarno</a></li> <li>1987: <a href="/wiki/Takeshi_Nagata" title="Takeshi Nagata">Takeshi Nagata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Rees" title="Martin Rees">Martin Rees</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/Don_Lynn_Anderson" title="Don Lynn Anderson">Don Lynn Anderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cornelis_de_Jager" title="Cornelis de Jager">Cornelis de Jager</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Hide" title="Raymond Hide">Raymond Hide</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ken_Pounds" title="Ken Pounds">Ken Pounds</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 1990</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#F7F7F7;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1990: <a href="/wiki/James_Dungey" title="James Dungey">James Dungey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Pagel" title="Bernard Pagel">Bernard Pagel</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/Vitaly_Ginzburg" title="Vitaly Ginzburg">Vitaly Ginzburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Joseph_Wasserburg" title="Gerald Joseph Wasserburg">Gerald Joseph Wasserburg</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/Dan_Peter_McKenzie" title="Dan Peter McKenzie">Dan Peter McKenzie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Parker" title="Eugene Parker">Eugene Parker</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Goldreich" title="Peter Goldreich">Peter Goldreich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donald_Lynden-Bell" title="Donald Lynden-Bell">Donald Lynden-Bell</a></li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/James_Gunn_(astr%C3%B4nomo)" title="James Gunn (astrônomo)">James Gunn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Reeve_Kaiser" title="Thomas Reeve Kaiser">Thomas Reeve Kaiser</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/John_Houghton" title="John Houghton">John Houghton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rashid_Sunyaev" title="Rashid Sunyaev">Rashid Sunyaev</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Creer" title="Kenneth Creer">Kenneth Creer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vera_Rubin" title="Vera Rubin">Vera Rubin</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Farley" title="Donald Farley">Donald Farley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donald_Edward_Osterbrock" title="Donald Edward Osterbrock">Donald Edward Osterbrock</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Ladislav_Parker" title="Robert Ladislav Parker">Robert Ladislav Parker</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Peebles" title="James Peebles">James Peebles</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Budden" title="Kenneth Budden">Kenneth Budden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bohdan_Paczy%C5%84ski" title="Bohdan Paczyński">Bohdan Paczyński</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Século XXI</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;font-size:95%;line-height:120%;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 2000</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Leon_Lucy" title="Leon Lucy">Leon Lucy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hutchison" title="Robert Hutchison">Robert Hutchison</a></li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Bondi" title="Hermann Bondi">Hermann Bondi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Rishbeth" title="Henry Rishbeth">Henry Rishbeth</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/Leon_Mestel" title="Leon Mestel">Leon Mestel</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Arthur_Jacobs" title="John Arthur Jacobs">John Arthur Jacobs</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/John_Norris_Bahcall" title="John Norris Bahcall">John Norris Bahcall</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Gubbins" title="David Gubbins">David Gubbins</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Paul_Ostriker" title="Jeremiah Paul Ostriker">Jeremiah Paul Ostriker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grenville_Turner" title="Grenville Turner">Grenville Turner</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Burbidge" title="Margaret Burbidge">Margaret Burbidge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Burbidge" title="Geoffrey Burbidge">Geoffrey Burbidge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carole_Jordan" title="Carole Jordan">Carole Jordan</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/Simon_White" title="Simon White">Simon White</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stanley_William_Herbert_Cowley" title="Stanley William Herbert Cowley">Stanley William Herbert Cowley</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Culhane" title="Leonard Culhane">Leonard Culhane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Weiss" title="Nigel Weiss">Nigel Weiss</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Silk" title="Joseph Silk">Joseph Silk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Kennett" title="Brian Kennett">Brian Kennett</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/David_Williams_(astr%C3%B4nomo)" title="David Williams (astrônomo)">David Williams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Priest" title="Eric Priest">Eric Priest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 2010</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#F7F7F7;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>2010: <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Gough" title="Douglas Gough">Douglas Gough</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Woodhouse" title="John Woodhouse">John Woodhouse</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Salisbury_Ellis" title="Richard Salisbury Ellis">Richard Salisbury Ellis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eberhard_Gr%C3%BCn" title="Eberhard Grün">Eberhard Grün</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fabian" title="Andrew Fabian">Andrew Fabian</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Campbell_Brown" title="John Campbell Brown">John Campbell Brown</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Blandford" title="Roger Blandford">Roger Blandford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Chapman" title="Chris Chapman">Chris Chapman</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Frenk" title="Carlos Frenk">Carlos Frenk</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Zarnecki" title="John Zarnecki">John Zarnecki</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor">Michel Mayor</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/John_David_Barrow" title="John David Barrow">John David Barrow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philip_England" title="Philip England">Philip England</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Kaiser" title="Nicholas Kaiser">Nicholas Kaiser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michele_Dougherty" title="Michele Dougherty">Michele Dougherty</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/James_Hough" title="James Hough">James Hough</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_White_(geof%C3%ADsico)" title="Robert White (geofísico)">Robert White</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Kennicutt" title="Robert Kennicutt">Robert Kennicutt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Kivelson" title="Margaret Kivelson">Margaret Kivelson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:95px;">Década de 2020</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:120%;;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>2020: <a href="/wiki/Sandra_Faber" title="Sandra Faber">Sandra Faber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yvonne_Elsworth" title="Yvonne Elsworth">Yvonne Elsworth</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Jocelyn_Bell_Burnell" title="Jocelyn Bell Burnell">Jocelyn Bell Burnell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thorne_Lay" title="Thorne Lay">Thorne Lay</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/George_Efstathiou" title="George Efstathiou">George Efstathiou</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_B._Horne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard B. Horne (página não existe)">Richard B. Horne</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/John_Andrew_Peacock" title="John Andrew Peacock">John Andrew Peacock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tim_Palmer" title="Tim Palmer">Tim Palmer</a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/wiki/Gilles_Chabrier" title="Gilles Chabrier">Gilles Chabrier</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John-Michael_Kendall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John-Michael Kendall (página não existe)">John-Michael Kendall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Medalha_Henry_Draper_(1886_—_2021)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Henry_Draper" title="Predefinição:Medalha Henry Draper"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Medalha_Henry_Draper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Medalha Henry Draper (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Henry_Draper&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Medalha_Henry_Draper_(1886_—_2021)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Medalha_Henry_Draper" title="Medalha Henry Draper">Medalha Henry Draper (1886 — 2021)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span style="font-size:100%;line-height:120%;"> <p> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1886: <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Pierpont_Langley" title="Samuel Pierpont Langley">Samuel Pierpont Langley</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1888: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Edward Charles Pickering</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1890: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Augustus_Rowland" title="Henry Augustus Rowland">Henry Augustus Rowland</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1893: <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Carl_Vogel" title="Hermann Carl Vogel">Hermann Carl Vogel</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1899: <a href="/wiki/James_Edward_Keeler" title="James Edward Keeler">James Edward Keeler</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1901: <a href="/wiki/William_Huggins" title="William Huggins">William Huggins</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1904: <a href="/wiki/George_Ellery_Hale" title="George Ellery Hale">George Ellery Hale</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1906: <a href="/wiki/William_Wallace_Campbell" title="William Wallace Campbell">William Wallace Campbell</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1910: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Greeley_Abbot" title="Charles Greeley Abbot">Charles Greeley Abbot</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1913: <a href="/wiki/Henri-Alexandre_Deslandres" title="Henri-Alexandre Deslandres">Henri-Alexandre Deslandres</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1915: <a href="/wiki/Joel_Stebbins" title="Joel Stebbins">Joel Stebbins</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1916: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Abraham_Michelson" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Abraham Michelson">Albert Abraham Michelson</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1918: <a href="/wiki/Walter_Sydney_Adams" title="Walter Sydney Adams">Walter Sydney Adams</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1919: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Fabry" title="Charles Fabry">Charles Fabry</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1920: <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Fowler" title="Alfred Fowler">Alfred Fowler</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1921: <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Zeeman" title="Pieter Zeeman">Pieter Zeeman</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1922: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Norris_Russell" title="Henry Norris Russell">Henry Norris Russell</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1924: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Stanley_Eddington" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Stanley Eddington">Arthur Stanley Eddington</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1926: <a href="/wiki/Harlow_Shapley" title="Harlow Shapley">Harlow Shapley</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1928: <a href="/wiki/William_Hammond_Wright" title="William Hammond Wright">William Hammond Wright</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1931: <a href="/wiki/Annie_Jump_Cannon" title="Annie Jump Cannon">Annie Jump Cannon</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1932: <a href="/wiki/Vesto_Melvin_Slipher" class="mw-redirect" title="Vesto Melvin Slipher">Vesto Melvin Slipher</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1934: <a href="/wiki/John_Stanley_Plaskett" title="John Stanley Plaskett">John Stanley Plaskett</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1936: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward_Kenneth_Mees" title="Charles Edward Kenneth Mees">Charles Edward Kenneth Mees</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1940: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Williams_Wood" title="Robert Williams Wood">Robert Williams Wood</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1942: <a href="/wiki/Ira_Sprague_Bowen" title="Ira Sprague Bowen">Ira Sprague Bowen</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1945: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Merrill" title="Paul Merrill">Paul Merrill</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1947: <a href="/wiki/Hans_Bethe" title="Hans Bethe">Hans Bethe</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1949: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Struve" title="Otto Struve">Otto Struve</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1951: <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lyot" title="Bernard Lyot">Bernard Lyot</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1955: <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Christoffel_van_de_Hulst" title="Hendrik Christoffel van de Hulst">Hendrik Christoffel van de Hulst</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1957: <a href="/wiki/Horace_Welcome_Babcock" title="Horace Welcome Babcock">Horace Welcome Babcock</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1960: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Schwarzschild" title="Martin Schwarzschild">Martin Schwarzschild</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1963: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Tousey" title="Richard Tousey">Richard Tousey</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1965: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Ryle" title="Martin Ryle">Martin Ryle</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1968: <a href="/wiki/Bengt_Edl%C3%A9n" title="Bengt Edlén">Bengt Edlén</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1971: <a href="/wiki/Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1974: <a href="/wiki/Lyman_Spitzer" title="Lyman Spitzer">Lyman Spitzer</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1977: <a href="/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias">Arno Allan Penzias</a> e <a href="/wiki/Robert_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Robert Woodrow Wilson">Robert Woodrow Wilson</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1980: <a href="/wiki/William_Wilson_Morgan" title="William Wilson Morgan">William Wilson Morgan</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1985: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hooton_Taylor" title="Joseph Hooton Taylor">Joseph Hooton Taylor</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1989: <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Giovanelli" title="Riccardo Giovanelli">Riccardo Giovanelli</a> e <a href="/wiki/Martha_Patricia_Haynes" title="Martha Patricia Haynes">Martha Patricia Haynes</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1993: <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Alpher" title="Ralph Alpher">Ralph Alpher</a> e <a href="/wiki/Robert_Herman" title="Robert Herman">Robert Herman</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1997: <a href="/wiki/Bohdan_Paczy%C5%84ski" title="Bohdan Paczyński">Bohdan Paczyński</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2001: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Paul_Butler" title="Robert Paul Butler">Robert Paul Butler</a> e <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Marcy" title="Geoffrey Marcy">Geoffrey Marcy</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2005: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Leonard_Bennett" title="Charles Leonard Bennett">Charles Leonard Bennett</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2009: <a href="/wiki/Neil_Gehrels" title="Neil Gehrels">Neil Gehrels</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2013: <a href="/wiki/William_Borucki" title="William Borucki">William Borucki</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2017: <a href="/wiki/Barry_C._Barish" title="Barry C. Barish">Barry C. Barish</a> e <a href="/wiki/Stanley_E._Whitcomb" title="Stanley E. Whitcomb">Stanley E. Whitcomb</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2021: <a href="/wiki/Sheperd_Doeleman" title="Sheperd Doeleman">Sheperd Doeleman</a> e <a href="/wiki/Heino_Falcke" title="Heino Falcke">Heino Falcke</a> </span> </p> </span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Medalha_Bruce" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Bruce" title="Predefinição:Medalha Bruce"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Medalha_Bruce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Medalha Bruce (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Bruce&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Medalha_Bruce" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Medalha_Bruce" title="Medalha Bruce">Medalha Bruce</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1898: <a href="/wiki/Simon_Newcomb" title="Simon Newcomb">Simon Newcomb</a></li> <li>1899: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Auwers" title="Arthur Auwers">Arthur Auwers</a></li> <li>1900: <a href="/wiki/David_Gill" title="David Gill">David Gill</a></li> <li>1902: <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Schiaparelli" title="Giovanni Schiaparelli">Giovanni Schiaparelli</a></li> <li>1904: <a href="/wiki/William_Huggins" title="William Huggins">William Huggins</a></li> <li>1906: <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Carl_Vogel" title="Hermann Carl Vogel">Hermann Carl Vogel</a></li> <li>1908: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Edward Charles Pickering</a></li> <li>1909: <a href="/wiki/George_William_Hill" title="George William Hill">George William Hill</a></li> <li>1911: <a href="/wiki/Henri_Poincar%C3%A9" title="Henri Poincaré">Henri Poincaré</a></li> <li>1913: <a href="/wiki/Jacobus_Kapteyn" title="Jacobus Kapteyn">Jacobus Kapteyn</a></li> <li>1914: <a href="/wiki/Oskar_Backlund" title="Oskar Backlund">Oskar Backlund</a></li> <li>1915: <a href="/wiki/William_Wallace_Campbell" title="William Wallace Campbell">William Wallace Campbell</a></li> <li>1916: <a href="/wiki/George_Ellery_Hale" title="George Ellery Hale">George Ellery Hale</a></li> <li>1917: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Barnard" title="Edward Barnard">Edward Barnard</a></li> <li>1920: <a href="/wiki/Ernest_William_Brown" title="Ernest William Brown">Ernest William Brown</a></li> <li>1921: <a href="/wiki/Henri-Alexandre_Deslandres" title="Henri-Alexandre Deslandres">Henri-Alexandre Deslandres</a></li> <li>1922: <a href="/wiki/Frank_Dyson" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Dyson">Frank Dyson</a></li> <li>1923: <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Baillaud" title="Benjamin Baillaud">Benjamin Baillaud</a></li> <li>1924: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Stanley_Eddington" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Stanley Eddington">Arthur Stanley Eddington</a></li> <li>1925: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Norris_Russell" title="Henry Norris Russell">Henry Norris Russell</a></li> <li>1926: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Grant_Aitken" title="Robert Grant Aitken">Robert Grant Aitken</a></li> <li>1927: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hall_Turner" title="Herbert Hall Turner">Herbert Hall Turner</a></li> <li>1928: <a href="/wiki/Walter_Sydney_Adams" title="Walter Sydney Adams">Walter Sydney Adams</a></li> <li>1929: <a href="/wiki/Frank_Schlesinger" title="Frank Schlesinger">Frank Schlesinger</a></li> <li>1930: <a href="/wiki/Max_Wolf" title="Max Wolf">Max Wolf</a></li> <li>1931: <a href="/wiki/Willem_de_Sitter" title="Willem de Sitter">Willem de Sitter</a></li> <li>1932: <a href="/wiki/John_Stanley_Plaskett" title="John Stanley Plaskett">John Stanley Plaskett</a></li> <li>1933: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Charlier" title="Carl Charlier">Carl Charlier</a></li> <li>1934: <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Fowler" title="Alfred Fowler">Alfred Fowler</a></li> <li>1935: <a href="/wiki/Vesto_Melvin_Slipher" class="mw-redirect" title="Vesto Melvin Slipher">Vesto Melvin Slipher</a></li> <li>1936: <a href="/wiki/Armin_Otto_Leuschner" title="Armin Otto Leuschner">Armin Otto Leuschner</a></li> <li>1937: <a href="/wiki/Ejnar_Hertzsprung" title="Ejnar Hertzsprung">Ejnar Hertzsprung</a></li> <li>1938: <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Powell_Hubble" title="Edwin Powell Hubble">Edwin Powell Hubble</a></li> <li>1939: <a href="/wiki/Harlow_Shapley" title="Harlow Shapley">Harlow Shapley</a></li> <li>1940: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Hanley_Seares" title="Frederick Hanley Seares">Frederick Hanley Seares</a></li> <li>1941: <a href="/wiki/Joel_Stebbins" title="Joel Stebbins">Joel Stebbins</a></li> <li>1942: <a href="/wiki/Jan_Hendrik_Oort" class="mw-redirect" title="Jan Hendrik Oort">Jan Hendrik Oort</a></li> <li>1945: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Arthur_Milne" title="Edward Arthur Milne">Edward Arthur Milne</a></li> <li>1946: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Merrill" title="Paul Merrill">Paul Merrill</a></li> <li>1947: <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lyot" title="Bernard Lyot">Bernard Lyot</a></li> <li>1948: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Struve" title="Otto Struve">Otto Struve</a></li> <li>1949: <a href="/wiki/Harold_Spencer_Jones" title="Harold Spencer Jones">Harold Spencer Jones</a></li> <li>1950: <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Harrison_Joy" title="Alfred Harrison Joy">Alfred Harrison Joy</a></li> <li>1951: <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Minnaert" title="Marcel Minnaert">Marcel Minnaert</a></li> <li>1952: <a href="/wiki/Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar</a></li> <li>1953: <a href="/wiki/Harold_Delos_Babcock" title="Harold Delos Babcock">Harold Delos Babcock</a></li> <li>1954: <a href="/wiki/Bertil_Lindblad" title="Bertil Lindblad">Bertil Lindblad</a></li> <li>1955: <a href="/wiki/Walter_Baade" title="Walter Baade">Walter Baade</a></li> <li>1956: <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_Uns%C3%B6ld" title="Albrecht Unsöld">Albrecht Unsöld</a></li> <li>1957: <a href="/wiki/Ira_Sprague_Bowen" title="Ira Sprague Bowen">Ira Sprague Bowen</a></li> <li>1958: <a href="/wiki/William_Wilson_Morgan" title="William Wilson Morgan">William Wilson Morgan</a></li> <li>1959: <a href="/wiki/Bengt_Str%C3%B6mgren" title="Bengt Strömgren">Bengt Strömgren</a></li> <li>1960: <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Ambartsumian" title="Viktor Ambartsumian">Viktor Ambartsumian</a></li> <li>1961: <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Minkowski" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudolf Minkowski">Rudolf Minkowski</a></li> <li>1962: <a href="/wiki/Grote_Reber" title="Grote Reber">Grote Reber</a></li> <li>1963: <a href="/wiki/Seth_Barnes_Nicholson" title="Seth Barnes Nicholson">Seth Barnes Nicholson</a></li> <li>1964: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Heckmann" title="Otto Heckmann">Otto Heckmann</a></li> <li>1965: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Schwarzschild" title="Martin Schwarzschild">Martin Schwarzschild</a></li> <li>1966: <a href="/wiki/Dirk_Brouwer" title="Dirk Brouwer">Dirk Brouwer</a></li> <li>1967: <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Biermann" title="Ludwig Biermann">Ludwig Biermann</a></li> <li>1968: <a href="/wiki/Willem_Jacob_Luyten" title="Willem Jacob Luyten">Willem Jacob Luyten</a></li> <li>1969: <a href="/wiki/Horace_Welcome_Babcock" title="Horace Welcome Babcock">Horace Welcome Babcock</a></li> <li>1970: <a href="/wiki/Fred_Hoyle" title="Fred Hoyle">Fred Hoyle</a></li> <li>1971: <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Leonard_Greenstein" title="Jesse Leonard Greenstein">Jesse Leonard Greenstein</a></li> <li>1972: <a href="/wiki/Iosif_Shklovsky" title="Iosif Shklovsky">Iosif Shklovsky</a></li> <li>1973: <a href="/wiki/Lyman_Spitzer" title="Lyman Spitzer">Lyman Spitzer</a></li> <li>1974: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Ryle" title="Martin Ryle">Martin Ryle</a></li> <li>1975: <a href="/wiki/Allan_Rex_Sandage" title="Allan Rex Sandage">Allan Rex Sandage</a></li> <li>1976: <a href="/wiki/Ernst_%C3%96pik" title="Ernst Öpik">Ernst Öpik</a></li> <li>1977: <a href="/wiki/Bart_Bok" title="Bart Bok">Bart Bok</a></li> <li>1978: <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Christoffel_van_de_Hulst" title="Hendrik Christoffel van de Hulst">Hendrik Christoffel van de Hulst</a></li> <li>1979: <a href="/wiki/William_Alfred_Fowler" title="William Alfred Fowler">William Alfred Fowler</a></li> <li>1980: <a href="/wiki/George_Herbig" title="George Herbig">George Herbig</a></li> <li>1981: <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Riccardo Giacconi</a></li> <li>1982: <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Burbidge" title="Margaret Burbidge">Margaret Burbidge</a></li> <li>1983: <a href="/wiki/Jakov_Seldovich" title="Jakov Seldovich">Jakov Seldovich</a></li> <li>1984: <a href="/wiki/Olin_Chaddock_Wilson" title="Olin Chaddock Wilson">Olin Chaddock Wilson</a></li> <li>1985: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_George_Cowling" title="Thomas George Cowling">Thomas George Cowling</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/wiki/Fred_Whipple" class="mw-redirect" title="Fred Whipple">Fred Whipple</a></li> <li>1987: <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Ernest_Salpeter" class="mw-redirect" title="Edwin Ernest Salpeter">Edwin Ernest Salpeter</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/John_Gatenby_Bolton" title="John Gatenby Bolton">John Gatenby Bolton</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Adriaan_Blaauw" title="Adriaan Blaauw">Adriaan Blaauw</a></li> <li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Moore_Sitterly" title="Charlotte Moore Sitterly">Charlotte Moore Sitterly</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Edward_Osterbrock" title="Donald Edward Osterbrock">Donald Edward Osterbrock</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/Maarten_Schmidt" title="Maarten Schmidt">Maarten Schmidt</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Rees" title="Martin Rees">Martin Rees</a></li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/Wallace_Sargent" title="Wallace Sargent">Wallace Sargent</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/James_Peebles" title="James Peebles">James Peebles</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Whitford" title="Albert Whitford">Albert Whitford</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Parker" title="Eugene Parker">Eugene Parker</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Lynden-Bell" title="Donald Lynden-Bell">Donald Lynden-Bell</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Burbidge" title="Geoffrey Burbidge">Geoffrey Burbidge</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Rashid_Sunyaev" title="Rashid Sunyaev">Rashid Sunyaev</a></li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Hans_Bethe" title="Hans Bethe">Hans Bethe</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/Bohdan_Paczy%C5%84ski" title="Bohdan Paczyński">Bohdan Paczyński</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/Vera_Rubin" title="Vera Rubin">Vera Rubin</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/Chushiro_Hayashi" title="Chushiro Hayashi">Chushiro Hayashi</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Kraft" title="Robert Kraft">Robert Kraft</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/Frank_James_Low" title="Frank James Low">Frank James Low</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Harwit" title="Martin Harwit">Martin Harwit</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/Sidney_van_den_Bergh" title="Sidney van den Bergh">Sidney van den Bergh</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/Frank_Shu" title="Frank Shu">Frank Shu</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Neugebauer" title="Gerald Neugebauer">Gerald Neugebauer</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Paul_Ostriker" title="Jeremiah Paul Ostriker">Jeremiah Paul Ostriker</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/Sandra_Faber" title="Sandra Faber">Sandra Faber</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/James_Gunn" class="mw-redirect" title="James Gunn">James Gunn</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kellermann" title="Kenneth Kellermann">Kenneth Kellermann</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Lin" title="Douglas Lin">Douglas Lin</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fabian" title="Andrew Fabian">Andrew Fabian</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Scoville" title="Nicholas Scoville">Nicholas Scoville</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/Tim_Heckman" title="Tim Heckman">Tim Heckman</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/Martha_Patricia_Haynes" title="Martha Patricia Haynes">Martha Patricia Haynes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prêmio_Jules_Janssen_(1897_—_2021)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Pr%C3%AAmio_Jules_Janssen" title="Predefinição:Prêmio Jules Janssen"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Pr%C3%AAmio_Jules_Janssen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Prêmio Jules Janssen (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Pr%C3%AAmio_Jules_Janssen&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prêmio_Jules_Janssen_(1897_—_2021)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%AAmio_Jules_Janssen" title="Prêmio Jules Janssen">Prêmio Jules Janssen</a> (1897 — 2021)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><span style="font-size:100%;line-height:120%;">1897: <a href="/wiki/Camille_Flammarion" title="Camille Flammarion">Camille Flammarion</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1898: <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Pierpont_Langley" title="Samuel Pierpont Langley">Samuel Pierpont Langley</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1899: <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Charlois" title="Auguste Charlois">Auguste Charlois</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1900: <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Puiseux" title="Pierre Puiseux">Pierre Puiseux</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1901: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Joachim_Landerer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Joachim Landerer (página não existe)">Joseph Joachim Landerer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_David_Anderson" title="Thomas David Anderson">Thomas David Anderson</a> e <a href="/wiki/Henri_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Henri Chrétien">Henri Chrétien</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1902: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sylvie_Camille_Flammarion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sylvie Camille Flammarion (página não existe)">Sylvie Camille Flammarion</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1903: <a href="/wiki/Michel_Giacobini" title="Michel Giacobini">Michel Giacobini</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1904: <a href="/wiki/Percival_Lowell" title="Percival Lowell">Percival Lowell</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1905: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Comas_y_Sol%C3%A1" title="José Comas y Solá">José Comas y Solá</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1906: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Barnard" title="Edward Barnard">Edward Barnard</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1907: <a href="/wiki/Milan_Rastislav_%C5%A0tef%C3%A1nik" title="Milan Rastislav Štefánik">Milan Rastislav Štefánik</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1908: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Edward Charles Pickering</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1909: <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Pickering" title="William Henry Pickering">William Henry Pickering</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1910: <a href="/wiki/Philip_Herbert_Cowell" title="Philip Herbert Cowell">Philip Herbert Cowell</a> e <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Crommelin" title="Andrew Crommelin">Andrew Crommelin</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1911: <a href="/wiki/Jean_Bosler" title="Jean Bosler">Jean Bosler</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1912: <a href="/wiki/Max_Wolf" title="Max Wolf">Max Wolf</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1913: <a href="/wiki/Alphonse_Louis_Nicolas_Borrelly" title="Alphonse Louis Nicolas Borrelly">Alphonse Louis Nicolas Borrelly</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1914: <a href="/wiki/Annibale_Ricc%C3%B2" title="Annibale Riccò">Annibale Riccò</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1915: <i>not awarded</i>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1916: <i>not awarded</i>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1917: <a href="/wiki/George_Ellery_Hale" title="George Ellery Hale">George Ellery Hale</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1918: G. Raymond  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1919: <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Bigourdan" title="Guillaume Bigourdan">Guillaume Bigourdan</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1920: <a href="/wiki/Henri-Alexandre_Deslandres" title="Henri-Alexandre Deslandres">Henri-Alexandre Deslandres</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1921: <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Jarry-Desloges" title="René Jarry-Desloges">René Jarry-Desloges</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1922: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Abraham_Michelson" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Abraham Michelson">Albert Abraham Michelson</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1923: <a href="/wiki/Aymar_de_La_Baume_Pluvinel" title="Aymar de La Baume Pluvinel">Aymar de La Baume Pluvinel</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1924: <a href="/wiki/George_Willis_Ritchey" title="George Willis Ritchey">George Willis Ritchey</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1925: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eug%C3%A8ne_Michel_Antoniadi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eugène Michel Antoniadi (página não existe)">Eugène Michel Antoniadi</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1926: <a href="/wiki/Walter_Sydney_Adams" title="Walter Sydney Adams">Walter Sydney Adams</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1927: <a href="/wiki/Gustave-Auguste_Ferri%C3%A9" title="Gustave-Auguste Ferrié">Gustave-Auguste Ferrié</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1928: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Stanley_Eddington" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Stanley Eddington">Arthur Stanley Eddington</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1929: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Fabry" title="Charles Fabry">Charles Fabry</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1930: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Esnault-Pelterie" title="Robert Esnault-Pelterie">Robert Esnault-Pelterie</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1931: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1932: <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lyot" title="Bernard Lyot">Bernard Lyot</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1933: <a href="/wiki/Harlow_Shapley" title="Harlow Shapley">Harlow Shapley</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1934: <a href="/wiki/Willem_de_Sitter" title="Willem de Sitter">Willem de Sitter</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1935: <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Esclangon" title="Ernest Esclangon">Ernest Esclangon</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1936: <a href="/wiki/Georges_Lema%C3%AEtre" title="Georges Lemaître">Georges Lemaître</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1937: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giorgio_Abetti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giorgio Abetti (página não existe)">Giorgio Abetti</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1938: <a href="/wiki/Jules_Baillaud" title="Jules Baillaud">Jules Baillaud</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1939: A. Arnulf  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1940: <i>not awarded</i>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1941: <i>not awarded</i>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1942: <i>not awarded</i>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1943: <i>not awarded</i>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1944: <i>not awarded</i>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1945: <a href="/wiki/Harold_Spencer_Jones" title="Harold Spencer Jones">Harold Spencer Jones</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1946: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Maurain (página não existe)">Charles Maurain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fernand_Baldet" title="Fernand Baldet">Fernand Baldet</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1947: <a href="/wiki/Jan_Hendrik_Oort" class="mw-redirect" title="Jan Hendrik Oort">Jan Hendrik Oort</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1948: <a href="/wiki/Lucien_d%27Azambuja" title="Lucien d'Azambuja">Lucien d'Azambuja</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1949: <a href="/wiki/Bertil_Lindblad" title="Bertil Lindblad">Bertil Lindblad</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1950: <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9-Louis_Danjon" title="André-Louis Danjon">André-Louis Danjon</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1951: <a href="/wiki/Gerard_Kuiper" title="Gerard Kuiper">Gerard Kuiper</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1952: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_John_Marrian_Stratton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frederick John Marrian Stratton (página não existe)">Frederick John Marrian Stratton</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1953: <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Couder" title="André Couder">André Couder</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1954: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Struve" title="Otto Struve">Otto Struve</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1955: <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Lallemand" title="André Lallemand">André Lallemand</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1956: <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Ambartsumian" title="Viktor Ambartsumian">Viktor Ambartsumian</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1957: <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Chalonge" title="Daniel Chalonge">Daniel Chalonge</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1958: <a href="/wiki/Pol_Swings" title="Pol Swings">Pol Swings</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1959: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Fehrenbach" title="Charles Fehrenbach">Charles Fehrenbach</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1960: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Edward_Whitford" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Edward Whitford">Albert Edward Whitford</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1961: J. Coulomb  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1962: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Heckmann" title="Otto Heckmann">Otto Heckmann</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1963: <a href="/wiki/Jean_Dufay" title="Jean Dufay">Jean Dufay</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1964: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guglielmo_Righini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guglielmo Righini (página não existe)">Guglielmo Righini</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1965: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Denisse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-François Denisse (página não existe)">Jean-François Denisse</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1966: <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Gilles_Jozef_Minnaert" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcel Gilles Jozef Minnaert">Marcel Gilles Jozef Minnaert</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1967: <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Pecker" title="Jean-Claude Pecker">Jean-Claude Pecker</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1968: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl-Otto_Kiepenheuer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl-Otto Kiepenheuer (página não existe)">Karl-Otto Kiepenheuer</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1969: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_Stoyko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolas Stoyko (página não existe)">Nicolas Stoyko</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1970: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Schwarzschild" title="Martin Schwarzschild">Martin Schwarzschild</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1971: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_R%C3%B6sch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Rösch (página não existe)">Jean Rösch</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1972: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_Harry_Sadler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald Harry Sadler (página não existe)">Donald Harry Sadler</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1973: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89vry_Schatzman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Évry Schatzman (página não existe)">Évry Schatzman</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1974: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Ernst_Fricke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Ernst Fricke (página não existe)">Walter Ernst Fricke</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1975: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Lacroute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Lacroute (página não existe)">Pierre Lacroute</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1976: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_Howard_Menzel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald Howard Menzel (página não existe)">Donald Howard Menzel</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1977: <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Lequeux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Lequeux (página não existe)">James Lequeux</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1978: <a href="/wiki/Adriaan_Blaauw" title="Adriaan Blaauw">Adriaan Blaauw</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1979: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Kovalevsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Kovalevsky (página não existe)">Jean Kovalevsky</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1980: <a href="/wiki/Lyman_Spitzer" title="Lyman Spitzer">Lyman Spitzer</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1981: G. Courtés  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1982: <a href="/wiki/Peter_van_de_Kamp" title="Peter van de Kamp">Peter van de Kamp</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1983: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_L%C3%A9vy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques Lévy (página não existe)">Jacques Lévy</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Bertaud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Bertaud (página não existe)">Charles Bertaud</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1984: <a href="/wiki/Cornelis_de_Jager" title="Cornelis de Jager">Cornelis de Jager</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1985: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muller_(astronomer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Muller (astronomer) (página não existe)">Paul Muller</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1986: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcel_Golay_(astronomer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcel Golay (astronomer) (página não existe)">Marcel Golay</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1987: <a href="/wiki/Jean_Delhaye" title="Jean Delhaye">Jean Delhaye</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1988: <a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9rard_de_Vaucouleurs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gérard de Vaucouleurs (página não existe)">Gérard de Vaucouleurs</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1989:  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1990: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Herbert_Friedmann_(astronomer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herbert Friedmann (astronomer) (página não existe)">Herbert Friedmann</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1991: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Mein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Mein (página não existe)">Pierre Mein</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1992: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lubo%C5%A1_Perek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luboš Perek (página não existe)">Luboš Perek</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1993: <a href="/wiki/Audouin_Dollfus" title="Audouin Dollfus">Audouin Dollfus</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1994: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edith_M%C3%BCller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edith Müller (página não existe)">Edith Müller</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1995: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Roddier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="François Roddier (página não existe)">François Roddier</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1996: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Perryman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Perryman (página não existe)">Michael Perryman</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1997: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Nesme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elizabeth Nesme (página não existe)">Elizabeth Nesme</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serge_Koutchmy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serge Koutchmy (página não existe)">Serge Koutchmy</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1998: <a href="/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor">Michel Mayor</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1999: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_L%C3%A9na&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Léna (página não existe)">Pierre Léna</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2000: <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Genzel" title="Reinhard Genzel">Reinhard Genzel</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2001: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Cayrel" title="Roger Cayrel">Roger Cayrel</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2002: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Armand_H._Delsemme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armand H. Delsemme (página não existe)">Armand H. Delsemme</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2003: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Paul_Zahn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Paul Zahn (página não existe)">Jean-Paul Zahn</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2004: <a href="/wiki/Jayant_Narlikar" title="Jayant Narlikar">Jayant Narlikar</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2005: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger-Maurice_Bonnet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roger-Maurice Bonnet (página não existe)">Roger-Maurice Bonnet</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2006: <a href="/wiki/Owen_Gingerich" title="Owen Gingerich">Owen Gingerich</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2007: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_Encrenaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thérèse Encrenaz (página não existe)">Thérèse Encrenaz</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Couteau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Couteau (página não existe)">Paul Couteau</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2008: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jan_Stenflo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jan Stenflo (página não existe)">Jan Stenflo</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2009: <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Cesarsky" title="Catherine Cesarsky">Catherine Cesarsky</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2010: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlton_Pennypacker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlton Pennypacker (página não existe)">Carlton Pennypacker</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2011: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Ferlet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roger Ferlet (página não existe)">Roger Ferlet</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2012: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jay_Pasachoff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jay Pasachoff (página não existe)">Jay Pasachoff</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2013: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suzanne_D%C3%A9barbat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suzanne Débarbat (página não existe)">Suzanne Débarbat</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2014: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafael_Rebolo_L%C3%B3pez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rafael Rebolo López (página não existe)">Rafael Rebolo López</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2015: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suzy_Collin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suzy Collin (página não existe)">Suzy Collin</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2016: <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Leibacher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Leibacher (página não existe)">John Leibacher</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2017: <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Combes" title="Françoise Combes">Françoise Combes</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2018: <a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Morbidelli" title="Alessandro Morbidelli">Alessandro Morbidelli</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2019: <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Reeves" title="Hubert Reeves">Hubert Reeves</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2020: <a href="/wiki/Ewine_van_Dishoeck" title="Ewine van Dishoeck">Ewine van Dishoeck</a>  <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 2021: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Pierre_Luminet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Pierre Luminet (página não existe)">Jean-Pierre Luminet</a></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidentes_da_Associação_Americana_para_o_Avanço_da_Ciência" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Presidentes_da_Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Americana_para_o_Avan%C3%A7o_da_Ci%C3%AAncia" title="Predefinição:Presidentes da Associação Americana para o Avanço da Ciência"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Presidentes_da_Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Americana_para_o_Avan%C3%A7o_da_Ci%C3%AAncia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Presidentes da Associação Americana para o Avanço da Ciência (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Presidentes_da_Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Americana_para_o_Avan%C3%A7o_da_Ci%C3%AAncia&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidentes_da_Associação_Americana_para_o_Avanço_da_Ciência" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Presidentes_da_Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Americana_para_o_Avan%C3%A7o_da_Ci%C3%AAncia" title="Presidentes da Associação Americana para o Avanço da Ciência">Presidentes da Associação Americana para o Avanço da Ciência</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1848-1900</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <ul><li>1848 <a href="/wiki/William_Charles_Redfield" title="William Charles Redfield">William Charles Redfield</a></li> <li>1849 <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Henry" title="Joseph Henry">Joseph Henry</a></li> <li>1850 <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dallas_Bache" title="Alexander Dallas Bache">Alexander Dallas Bache</a></li> <li>1851 <a href="/wiki/Louis_Agassiz" title="Louis Agassiz">Louis Agassiz</a></li> <li>1852 <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Peirce" title="Benjamin Peirce">Benjamin Peirce</a></li> <li>1854 <a href="/wiki/James_Dwight_Dana" title="James Dwight Dana">James Dwight Dana</a></li> <li>1855 <a href="/wiki/John_Torrey" title="John Torrey">John Torrey</a></li> <li>1856 <a href="/wiki/James_Hall" title="James Hall">James Hall</a></li> <li>1857 <a href="/wiki/Alexis_Caswell" title="Alexis Caswell">Alexis Caswell</a></li> <li>1857 <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Whitman_Bailey" title="Jacob Whitman Bailey">Jacob Whitman Bailey</a></li> <li>1858 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeffries_Wyman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeffries Wyman (página não existe)">Jeffries Wyman</a></li> <li>1859 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Alexander&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen Alexander (página não existe)">Stephen Alexander</a></li> <li>1860 <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Lea" title="Isaac Lea">Isaac Lea</a></li> <li>1866 <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Augustus_Porter_Barnard" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Augustus Porter Barnard">Frederick Augustus Porter Barnard</a></li> <li>1867 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Strong_Newberry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Strong Newberry (página não existe)">John Strong Newberry</a></li> <li>1868 <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Apthorp_Gould" title="Benjamin Apthorp Gould">Benjamin Apthorp Gould</a></li> <li>1869 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Wells_Foster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Wells Foster (página não existe)">John Wells Foster</a></li> <li>1870 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sterry_Hunt" title="Thomas Sterry Hunt">Thomas Sterry Hunt</a></li> <li>1870 <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Chauvenet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Chauvenet (página não existe)">William Chauvenet</a></li> <li>1871 <a href="/wiki/Asa_Gray" title="Asa Gray">Asa Gray</a></li> <li>1872 <a href="/wiki/John_Lawrence_Smith" title="John Lawrence Smith">John Lawrence Smith</a></li> <li>1873 <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lovering" title="Joseph Lovering">Joseph Lovering</a></li> <li>1874 <a href="/wiki/John_Lawrence_LeConte" title="John Lawrence LeConte">John Lawrence LeConte</a></li> <li>1875 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Julius_Erasmus_Hilgard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julius Erasmus Hilgard (página não existe)">Julius Erasmus Hilgard</a></li> <li>1876 <a href="/wiki/William_Barton_Rogers" title="William Barton Rogers">William Barton Rogers</a></li> <li>1877 <a href="/wiki/Simon_Newcomb" title="Simon Newcomb">Simon Newcomb</a></li> <li>1878 <a href="/wiki/Othniel_Charles_Marsh" title="Othniel Charles Marsh">Othniel Charles Marsh</a></li> <li>1879 <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Frederick_Barker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Frederick Barker (página não existe)">George Frederick Barker</a></li> <li>1880 <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Henry_Morgan" title="Lewis Henry Morgan">Lewis Henry Morgan</a></li> <li>1881 <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Jarvis_Brush&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Jarvis Brush (página não existe)">George Jarvis Brush</a></li> <li>1882 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_William_Dawson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John William Dawson (página não existe)">John William Dawson</a></li> <li>1883 <a href="/wiki/Charles_Augustus_Young" title="Charles Augustus Young">Charles Augustus Young</a></li> <li>1884 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Peter_Lesley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Peter Lesley (página não existe)">John Peter Lesley</a></li> <li>1885 <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Anson_Newton" class="mw-redirect" title="Hubert Anson Newton">Hubert Anson Newton</a></li> <li>1886 <a href="/wiki/Edward_S._Morse" title="Edward S. Morse">Edward S. Morse</a></li> <li>1887 <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Pierpont_Langley" title="Samuel Pierpont Langley">Samuel Pierpont Langley</a></li> <li>1888 <a href="/wiki/John_Wesley_Powell" title="John Wesley Powell">John Wesley Powell</a></li> <li>1889 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Corwin_Mendenhall" title="Thomas Corwin Mendenhall">Thomas Corwin Mendenhall</a></li> <li>1890 <a href="/wiki/George_Lincoln_Goodale" title="George Lincoln Goodale">George Lincoln Goodale</a></li> <li>1891 <a href="/wiki/Albert_Benjamin_Prescott" title="Albert Benjamin Prescott">Albert Benjamin Prescott</a></li> <li>1892 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_LeConte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph LeConte (página não existe)">Joseph LeConte</a></li> <li>1893 <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Harkness&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Harkness (página não existe)">William Harkness</a></li> <li>1894 <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Garrison_Brinton" title="Daniel Garrison Brinton">Daniel Garrison Brinton</a></li> <li>1895 <a href="/wiki/Edward_Morley" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Morley">Edward Morley</a></li> <li>1896 <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Nicholas_Gill" title="Theodore Nicholas Gill">Theodore Nicholas Gill</a></li> <li>1896 <a href="/wiki/Edward_Drinker_Cope" title="Edward Drinker Cope">Edward Drinker Cope</a></li> <li>1897 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolcott_Gibbs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolcott Gibbs (página não existe)">Wolcott Gibbs</a></li> <li>1897 <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_John_McGee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William John McGee (página não existe)">William John McGee</a></li> <li>1898 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederic_Ward_Putnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frederic Ward Putnam (página não existe)">Frederic Ward Putnam</a></li> <li>1899 <a href="/wiki/Grove_Karl_Gilbert" title="Grove Karl Gilbert">Grove Karl Gilbert</a></li> <li>1899 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcus_Benjamin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcus Benjamin (página não existe)">Marcus Benjamin</a></li> <li>1899 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Orton,_Sr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Orton, Sr. (página não existe)">Edward Orton, Sr.</a></li> <li>1900 <a href="/wiki/Robert_Simpson_Woodward" title="Robert Simpson Woodward">Robert Simpson Woodward</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901-1925</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <ul><li>1901 <a href="/wiki/Charles_Sedgwick_Minot" title="Charles Sedgwick Minot">Charles Sedgwick Minot</a></li> <li>1902 <a href="/wiki/Ira_Remsen" title="Ira Remsen">Ira Remsen</a></li> <li>1902 <a href="/wiki/Asaph_Hall" title="Asaph Hall">Asaph Hall</a></li> <li>1903 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carroll_Davidson_Wright&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carroll Davidson Wright (página não existe)">Carroll Davidson Wright</a></li> <li>1904 <a href="/wiki/William_Gilson_Farlow" title="William Gilson Farlow">William Gilson Farlow</a></li> <li>1905 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Calvin_Milton_Woodward&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calvin Milton Woodward (página não existe)">Calvin Milton Woodward</a></li> <li>1906 <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Welch" title="William Henry Welch">William Henry Welch</a></li> <li>1907 <a href="/wiki/Edward_Leamington_Nichols" title="Edward Leamington Nichols">Edward Leamington Nichols</a></li> <li>1908 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chrowder_Chamberlin" title="Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin">Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin</a></li> <li>1909 <a href="/wiki/David_Starr_Jordan" title="David Starr Jordan">David Starr Jordan</a></li> <li>1910 <a href="/wiki/Albert_Abraham_Michelson" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Abraham Michelson">Albert Abraham Michelson</a></li> <li>1911 <a href="/wiki/Charles_Bessey" title="Charles Bessey">Charles Bessey</a></li> <li>1912 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Edward Charles Pickering</a></li> <li>1913 <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Beecher_Wilson" title="Edmund Beecher Wilson">Edmund Beecher Wilson</a></li> <li>1914 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_W._Eliot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles W. Eliot (página não existe)">Charles W. Eliot</a></li> <li>1915 <a href="/wiki/William_Wallace_Campbell" title="William Wallace Campbell">William Wallace Campbell</a></li> <li>1916 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Richard_Van_Hise&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Richard Van Hise (página não existe)">Charles Richard Van Hise</a></li> <li>1917 <a href="/wiki/Theodore_William_Richards" title="Theodore William Richards">Theodore William Richards</a></li> <li>1918 <a href="/wiki/John_Merle_Coulter" title="John Merle Coulter">John Merle Coulter</a></li> <li>1919 <a href="/wiki/Simon_Flexner" title="Simon Flexner">Simon Flexner</a></li> <li>1920 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leland_Ossian_Howard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leland Ossian Howard (página não existe)">Leland Ossian Howard</a></li> <li>1921 <a href="/wiki/Eliakim_Hastings_Moore" title="Eliakim Hastings Moore">Eliakim Hastings Moore</a></li> <li>1922 <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Playfair_McMurrich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Playfair McMurrich (página não existe)">James Playfair McMurrich</a></li> <li>1923 <a href="/wiki/Charles_Doolittle_Walcott" title="Charles Doolittle Walcott">Charles Doolittle Walcott</a></li> <li>1924 <a href="/wiki/James_McKeen_Cattell" title="James McKeen Cattell">James McKeen Cattell</a></li> <li>1925 <a href="/wiki/Michael_Pupin" title="Michael Pupin">Michael Pupin</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926-1950</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <ul><li>1926 <a href="/wiki/Liberty_Hyde_Bailey" title="Liberty Hyde Bailey">Liberty Hyde Bailey</a></li> <li>1927 <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Amos_Noyes" title="Arthur Amos Noyes">Arthur Amos Noyes</a></li> <li>1928 <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fairfield_Osborn" title="Henry Fairfield Osborn">Henry Fairfield Osborn</a></li> <li>1929 <a href="/wiki/Robert_Andrews_Millikan" title="Robert Andrews Millikan">Robert Andrews Millikan</a></li> <li>1930 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hunt_Morgan" title="Thomas Hunt Morgan">Thomas Hunt Morgan</a></li> <li>1931 <a href="/wiki/Franz_Boas" title="Franz Boas">Franz Boas</a></li> <li>1932 <a href="/wiki/John_Jacob_Abel" title="John Jacob Abel">John Jacob Abel</a></li> <li>1933 <a href="/wiki/Henry_Norris_Russell" title="Henry Norris Russell">Henry Norris Russell</a></li> <li>1934 <a href="/wiki/Edward_L._Thorndike" title="Edward L. Thorndike">Edward L. Thorndike</a></li> <li>1935 <a href="/wiki/Karl_Taylor_Compton" title="Karl Taylor Compton">Karl Taylor Compton</a></li> <li>1936 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edwin_Conklin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edwin Conklin (página não existe)">Edwin Conklin</a></li> <li>1937 <a href="/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff">George David Birkhoff</a></li> <li>1938 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wesley_Clair_Mitchell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wesley Clair Mitchell (página não existe)">Wesley Clair Mitchell</a></li> <li>1939 <a href="/wiki/Walter_Bradford_Cannon" title="Walter Bradford Cannon">Walter Bradford Cannon</a></li> <li>1940 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Francis_Blakeslee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albert Francis Blakeslee (página não existe)">Albert Francis Blakeslee</a></li> <li>1941 <a href="/wiki/Irving_Langmuir" title="Irving Langmuir">Irving Langmuir</a></li> <li>1942 <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Holly_Compton" title="Arthur Holly Compton">Arthur Holly Compton</a></li> <li>1943 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaiah_Bowman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isaiah Bowman (página não existe)">Isaiah Bowman</a></li> <li>1944 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_Julius_Carlson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anton Julius Carlson (página não existe)">Anton Julius Carlson</a></li> <li>1945 <a href="/wiki/James_Bryant_Conant" title="James Bryant Conant">James Bryant Conant</a></li> <li>1946 <a href="/wiki/Charles_Kettering" title="Charles Kettering">Charles Kettering</a></li> <li>1947 <a href="/wiki/Harlow_Shapley" title="Harlow Shapley">Harlow Shapley</a></li> <li>1948 <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ware_Sinnott" title="Edmund Ware Sinnott">Edmund Ware Sinnott</a></li> <li>1949 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elvin_Charles_Stakman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elvin Charles Stakman (página não existe)">Elvin Charles Stakman</a></li> <li>1950 <a href="/wiki/Roger_Adams" title="Roger Adams">Roger Adams</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951-1975</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <ul><li>1951 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirtley_Fletcher_Mather&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kirtley Fletcher Mather (página não existe)">Kirtley Fletcher Mather</a></li> <li>1952 <a href="/wiki/Detlev_Bronk" title="Detlev Bronk">Detlev Bronk</a></li> <li>1953 <a href="/wiki/Edward_Condon" title="Edward Condon">Edward Condon</a></li> <li>1954 <a href="/wiki/Warren_Weaver" title="Warren Weaver">Warren Weaver</a></li> <li>1955 <a href="/wiki/George_Beadle" title="George Beadle">George Beadle</a></li> <li>1956 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Sears&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Sears (página não existe)">Paul Sears</a></li> <li>1957 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lawrence_Hasbrouck_Snyder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lawrence Hasbrouck Snyder (página não existe)">Lawrence Hasbrouck Snyder</a></li> <li>1958 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wallace_Reed_Brode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wallace Reed Brode (página não existe)">Wallace Reed Brode</a></li> <li>1959 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Ernest_Klopsteg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Ernest Klopsteg (página não existe)">Paul Ernest Klopsteg</a></li> <li>1960 <a href="/wiki/Chauncey_Depew_Leake" title="Chauncey Depew Leake">Chauncey Depew Leake</a></li> <li>1961 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Park (página não existe)">Thomas Park</a></li> <li>1962 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Magnus_Gross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Magnus Gross (página não existe)">Paul Magnus Gross</a></li> <li>1963 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alan_Tower_Waterman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alan Tower Waterman (página não existe)">Alan Tower Waterman</a></li> <li>1964 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Laurence_M._Gould&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laurence M. Gould (página não existe)">Laurence M. Gould</a></li> <li>1965 <a href="/wiki/Henry_Eyring" title="Henry Eyring">Henry Eyring</a></li> <li>1966 <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Sherwood_Romer" title="Alfred Sherwood Romer">Alfred Sherwood Romer</a></li> <li>1967 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Don_Krasher_Price&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Don Krasher Price (página não existe)">Don Krasher Price</a></li> <li>1968 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Orr_Roberts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Orr Roberts (página não existe)">Walter Orr Roberts</a></li> <li>1969 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bentley_Glass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bentley Glass (página não existe)">Bentley Glass</a></li> <li>1970 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Athelstan_Spilhaus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Athelstan Spilhaus (página não existe)">Athelstan Spilhaus</a></li> <li>1971 <a href="/wiki/Mina_Rees" title="Mina Rees">Mina Rees</a></li> <li>1972 <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Theodore_Seaborg" title="Glenn Theodore Seaborg">Glenn Theodore Seaborg</a></li> <li>1973 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_M._Rieser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonard M. Rieser (página não existe)">Leonard M. Rieser</a></li> <li>1974 <a href="/wiki/Roger_Revelle" title="Roger Revelle">Roger Revelle</a></li> <li>1975 <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Mead" title="Margaret Mead">Margaret Mead</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976-2000</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <ul><li>1976 <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_D._McElroy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William D. McElroy (página não existe)">William D. McElroy</a></li> <li>1977-1978 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emilio_Q._Daddario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emilio Q. Daddario (página não existe)">Emilio Q. Daddario</a></li> <li>1979 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_E._David_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward E. David Jr. (página não existe)">Edward E. David Jr.</a></li> <li>1980 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kenneth_Ewart_Boulding&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kenneth Ewart Boulding (página não existe)">Kenneth Ewart Boulding</a></li> <li>1981 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Mosteller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frederick Mosteller (página não existe)">Frederick Mosteller</a></li> <li>1982 <a href="/wiki/David_Allan_Bromley" title="David Allan Bromley">David Allan Bromley</a></li> <li>1983 <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Burbidge" title="Margaret Burbidge">Margaret Burbidge</a></li> <li>1984 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anna_J._Harrison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anna J. Harrison (página não existe)">Anna J. Harrison</a></li> <li>1985 <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_A._Hamburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David A. Hamburg (página não existe)">David A. Hamburg</a></li> <li>1986 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerard_Piel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerard Piel (página não existe)">Gerard Piel</a></li> <li>1987 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lawrence_Bogorad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lawrence Bogorad (página não existe)">Lawrence Bogorad</a></li> <li>1988 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sheila_E._Widnall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sheila E. Widnall (página não existe)">Sheila E. Widnall</a></li> <li>1989 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_E._Massey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter E. Massey (página não existe)">Walter E. Massey</a></li> <li>1990 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_C._Atkinson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard C. Atkinson (página não existe)">Richard C. Atkinson</a></li> <li>1991 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_N._Langenberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald N. Langenberg (página não existe)">Donald N. Langenberg</a></li> <li>1992 <a href="/wiki/Leon_Max_Lederman" title="Leon Max Lederman">Leon Max Lederman</a></li> <li>1993 <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sherwood_Rowland" title="Frank Sherwood Rowland">Frank Sherwood Rowland</a></li> <li>1994 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eloise_E._Clark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eloise E. Clark (página não existe)">Eloise E. Clark</a></li> <li>1995 <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Jos%C3%A9_Ayala" title="Francisco José Ayala">Francisco José Ayala</a></li> <li>1996 <a href="/wiki/Rita_Colwell" title="Rita Colwell">Rita Colwell</a></li> <li>1997 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jane_Lubchenco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jane Lubchenco (página não existe)">Jane Lubchenco</a></li> <li>1998 <a href="/wiki/Mildred_Dresselhaus" title="Mildred Dresselhaus">Mildred Dresselhaus</a></li> <li>1999 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Rita_Cooke_Greenwood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Rita Cooke Greenwood (página não existe)">Mary Rita Cooke Greenwood</a></li> <li>2000 <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Jay_Gould" title="Stephen Jay Gould">Stephen Jay Gould</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001-<i>presente</i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <ul><li>2001 <a href="/wiki/Mary_Lowe_Good" title="Mary Lowe Good">Mary Lowe Good</a></li> <li>2002 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton_Raven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Hamilton Raven (página não existe)">Peter Hamilton Raven</a></li> <li>2003 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Floyd_E._Bloom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Floyd E. 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