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Attia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper includes a study of modern sustainable architectural techniques and elements that are originally found in vernacular and traditional architecture, particularly in the Arab region. Courtyards, Wind Catchers, and Mashrabiya, for example, are elements that have been developed in contemporary architecture using modern technology to create sustainable architecture designs. An analytical study of the topic will deal with some examples of the Islamic House in Fatimid Cairo city in Egypt, analyzing its elements and their relationship to the environment, in addition to the examples in southern Egypt (Nubba) of sustainable architecture systems, and traditional houses in Sana'a city, Yemen, using earth resources of mud bricks and other construction materials. In conclusion, a comparative study between traditional and contemporary techniques will be conducted to confirm that it is possible to achieve sustainable architecture through the use of low-technology in buildings in Arab regions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20context" title="Islamic context">Islamic context</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20environment" title=" cultural environment"> cultural environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20environment" title=" natural environment"> natural environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20house" title=" Islamic house"> Islamic house</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-technology" title=" low-technology"> low-technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mud%20brick" title=" mud brick"> mud brick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vernacular%20and%20traditional%20architecture" title=" vernacular and traditional architecture"> vernacular and traditional architecture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103352/traditional-sustainable-architecture-techniques-and-its-applications-in-contemporary-architecture-case-studies-of-the-islamic-house-in-fatimid-cairo-and-sanaa-cities-in-egypt-and-yemen" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103352.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5055</span> CookIT: A Web Portal for the Preservation and Dissemination of Traditional Italian Recipes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20T.%20Artese">M. T. Artese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Ciocca"> G. Ciocca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Gagliardi"> I. Gagliardi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Food is a social and cultural aspect of every individual. Food products, processing, and traditions have been identified as cultural objects carrying history and identity of social groups. Traditional recipes are passed down from one generation to the other, often to strengthen the link with the territory. The paper presents CookIT, a web portal developed to collect Italian traditional recipes related to regional cuisine, with the purpose to disseminate the knowledge of typical Italian recipes and the Mediterranean diet which is a significant part of Italian cuisine. The system designed is completed with multimodal means of browsing and data retrieval. Stored recipes can be retrieved integrating and combining a number of different methods and keys, while the results are displayed using classical styles, such as list and mosaic, and also using maps and graphs, with which users can play using available keys for interaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaborative%20portal" title="collaborative portal">collaborative portal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Italian%20cuisine" title=" Italian cuisine"> Italian cuisine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intangible%20cultural%20heritage" title=" intangible cultural heritage"> intangible cultural heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20recipes" title=" traditional recipes"> traditional recipes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=searching%20and%20browsing" title=" searching and browsing"> searching and browsing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98459/cookit-a-web-portal-for-the-preservation-and-dissemination-of-traditional-italian-recipes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98459.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5054</span> Comparative Study of Ecological City Criteria in Traditional Iranian Cities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Yazdani%20Paraii">Zahra Yazdani Paraii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zohreh%20Yazdani%20Paraei"> Zohreh Yazdani Paraei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many urban designers and planners have been involved in the design of environmentally friendly or nature adaptable urban development models due to increase in urban populations in the recent century, limitation on natural resources, climate change, and lack of enough water and food. Ecological city is one of the latest models proposed to accomplish the latter goal. In this work, the existing establishing indicators of the ecological city are used regarding energy, water, land use and transportation issues. The model is used to compare the function of traditional settlements of Iran. The result of investigation shows that the specifications and functions of the traditional settlements of Iran fit well into the ecological city model. It is found that the inhabitants of the old cities and villages in Iran had founded ecological cities based on their knowledge of the environment and its natural opportunities and limitations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20city" title="ecological city">ecological city</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20city" title=" traditional city"> traditional city</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20design" title=" urban design"> urban design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79141/comparative-study-of-ecological-city-criteria-in-traditional-iranian-cities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79141.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5053</span> Advancing Communication Theory in the Age of Digital Technology: Bridging the Gap Between Traditional Models and Emerging Platforms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sidique%20Fofanah">Sidique Fofanah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores the intersection of traditional communication theories and modern digital technologies, analyzing how established models adapt to contemporary communication platforms. It examines the evolving nature of interpersonal, group, and mass communication within digital environments, emphasizing the role of social media, AI-driven communication tools, and virtual reality in reshaping communication paradigms. The paper also discusses the implications for future research and practice in communication studies, proposing an integrated framework that accommodates both classical and emerging theories. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title="communication">communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20models" title=" traditional models"> traditional models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20platforms" title=" emerging platforms"> emerging platforms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20media" title=" digital media"> digital media</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189684/advancing-communication-theory-in-the-age-of-digital-technology-bridging-the-gap-between-traditional-models-and-emerging-platforms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189684.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">32</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5052</span> Ending Communal Conflicts in Africa: The Relevance of Traditional Approaches to Conflict Resolution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kindeye%20Fenta%20Mekonnen">Kindeye Fenta Mekonnen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alagaw%20Ababu%20Kifle"> Alagaw Ababu Kifle</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The failure of international responses to armed conflict to address local preconditions for national stability has recently attracted what has been called the ‘local turn’ in peace building. This ‘local turn’ in peace building amplified a renewed interest in traditional/indigenous methods of conflict resolution, a field that has been hitherto dominated by anthropologists with their focus on the procedures and rituals of such approaches. This notwithstanding, there is still limited empirical work on the relevance of traditional methods of conflict resolution to end localized conflicts vis-à-vis hybrid and modern approaches. The few exceptions to this generally draw their conclusion from very few (almost all successful) cases that make it difficult to judge the validity and cross-case application of their results. This paper seeks to fill these gaps by undertaking a quantitative analysis of the trend and applications of different communal conflict resolution initiatives, their potential to usher in long-term peace, and the extent to which their outcomes are influenced by the intensity and scope of a conflict. The paper makes the following three tentative conclusions. First, traditional mechanisms and traditional actors still dominate the communal conflict resolution landscape, either individually or in combination with other methods. Second, traditional mechanisms of conflict resolution tend to be more successful in ending a conflict and preventing its re-occurrence compared to hybrid and modern arrangements. This notwithstanding and probably due to the scholarly call for local turn in peace building, contemporary communal conflict resolution approaches are becoming less and less reliant on traditional mechanisms alone and (therefore) less effective. Third, there is yet inconclusive evidence on whether hybridization is an asset or a liability in the resolution of communal conflicts and the extent to which this might be mediated by the intensity of a conflict. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20conflict%20resolution" title="traditional conflict resolution">traditional conflict resolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20conflict%20resolution" title=" hybrid conflict resolution"> hybrid conflict resolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communal%20conflict" title=" communal conflict"> communal conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relevance" title=" relevance"> relevance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflict%20intensity" title=" conflict intensity"> conflict intensity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175556/ending-communal-conflicts-in-africa-the-relevance-of-traditional-approaches-to-conflict-resolution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175556.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5051</span> Traditional Mechanisms of Conflict Resolution in Africa: A Pathway to Sustainable Peace in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ejovi%20Eghwubare%20Augustine">Ejovi Eghwubare Augustine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study delved into the traditional mechanisms of conflict resolution in Africa, a pathway to sustainable peace in Nigeria. It deployed the quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and content analysis. The work adopted the Peace Process theory propounded by John Darby and Roger Macunity. It ascertained that disputes or disagreements are unarguably and necessarily an inevitable part of human existence, flowing directly from communication, interaction, and relationships which can occur at individual and national levels, even at international levels in view of the current trend of globalization. The alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanism is a basket of procedures outside the traditional process of litigation or strict determination of legal rights. It may also be elucidated as a range of procedures that serve as generally involve the intercession and assistance of a neutral and impartial third party. The traditional mechanisms of conflict resolution in Africa are alien to the Western world; this paper is of utmost importance to the Western world and also enriched their pool of literature. Nigeria is a country that is dominated by various ethnic groups anchored on diverse cultures, customs, and traditions. It is, therefore, not surprising to see conflicts arise, and despite the various attempts at resolving these conflicts through litigation, they still remained unabated. The paper investigated the lessons learned from Traditional Mechanisms of Conflict resolution; it also interrogated its impact and the way forward. In light of the lessons that were learned and the impact of the traditional mechanisms of conflict resolution, suggestions on how to attain a sustainable, peaceful society were proffered. In conclusion, the study crystallized reforms on the alternative dispute resolution introduced through the traditional mechanism, which includes, amongst others, that constitutional recognition should be given to traditional institutions of conflict resolution to enable quick dispensation of matters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional" title="traditional">traditional</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflict" title=" conflict"> conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peace" title=" peace"> peace</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resolution" title=" resolution"> resolution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166680/traditional-mechanisms-of-conflict-resolution-in-africa-a-pathway-to-sustainable-peace-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166680.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5050</span> Exploring the Traditional Uses of Aromatic Plants in Indonesian Culture, Medicine, and Spirituality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aida%20Humaira">Aida Humaira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aromatic plants hold an honored place in Indonesian culture, where they are deeply intertwined with everyday customs, rituals, and ceremonies. From the fragrant herbs and spices used in cooking to the aromatic incense burned in temples and homes, aromatic plants play multifaceted roles in enhancing well-being and fostering spiritual connections. These plants are valued not only for their pleasant aromas but also for their medicinal properties and symbolic meanings. This article aims to summarize the role of aromatic plants in Indonesian traditional culture, medicine, spirituality, and how it shifted to a modern version of aromatherapy. Traditional Indonesian medicine, known as Jamu, relies heavily on aromatic plants for their therapeutic benefits. Herbalists and traditional healers use a wide array of aromatic herbs, roots, barks, and resins to treat various ailments, ranging from digestive disorders and respiratory infections to skin conditions and reproductive issues. In conclusion, aromatic plants represent a cultural treasure with multifaceted uses and significance deeply rooted in Indonesia’s tradition. From their medicinal properties to their spiritual symbolism, these plants embody the interconnection of culture, nature, and well-being. Further research and collaboration are needed to document and preserve traditional knowledge surrounding Indonesian aromatic plants and ensure their continued recognition and sustainable utilization in the face of modernization and environmental challenges. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aromatic%20plants" title="aromatic plants">aromatic plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indonesia" title=" indonesia"> indonesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamu" title=" Jamu"> Jamu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20medicine" title=" traditional medicine"> traditional medicine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184586/exploring-the-traditional-uses-of-aromatic-plants-in-indonesian-culture-medicine-and-spirituality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184586.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5049</span> Women as Catalysts for the Rehabilitation of the Traditional System of Governance in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inalegwu%20Stephany%20Akipu">Inalegwu Stephany Akipu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Before the advent of Colonialists on the shores of Nigeria between the 16th and 17th Centuries, there existed the traditional systems of governance which was successful with Women as active participants. However, the current state of politics in Nigeria reveals an obvious absence of women in the Country’s governance. Being that the economy rests on the quality of leaders and their constructive contribution to the plight of the masses, it becomes pertinent to exhaust all the avenues that may be open to good governance-women inclusive. It is against this backdrop that this paper attempts to compare the machinery that were in place in pre-colonial Nigerian governance that aided the womenfolk to successfully reign or assist in leadership with the seeming lack of interest by women in present times. Factors that militate against the women will also be highlighted. Furthermore, suggestions are made on how to revive these successful traditional systems of governance. The paper concludes by emphasising the role of women as the needed catalysts for this aforementioned rehabilitation of traditional systems and the impact of media in achieving this feat. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalysts" title="catalysts">catalysts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance" title=" governance"> governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media" title=" media"> media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehabilitation" title=" rehabilitation"> rehabilitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26401/women-as-catalysts-for-the-rehabilitation-of-the-traditional-system-of-governance-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5048</span> The Role of Community Museum in Ethnic Identity: A Case of Tharu Cultural Museum and Research Center in Chitwan Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Birendra%20%20Mahato">Birendra Mahato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shiva%20%20Narayan%20Chaudhary"> Shiva Narayan Chaudhary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tharus are indigenous inhabitants of the Tarai, the narrow strip of flat and fertile land that lies at the foothills of the Himalayas. They have unique rituals, festivals, and music, while their clothes and ornaments are similar to some ethnic groups of India. After the control of malaria in the Terai between 1955 to 1965, (with the help of the U.S. Government, the WHO and the government of Nepal) the rate of in-migration skyrocketed, particularly of Nepal’s hill people, whose culture, along with the use of the Western education system, was gradually adopted by the Tharus. Among the many challenges, the Tharus face is their assimilation into the dominant Nepali culture. .The Tharus are thus under threat of slowly losing their ethnic identity and cultural values. In order to preserve the indigenous Tharu Culture, Tharu Cultural Museum, and Research Center. It is a community based non-governmental and non-profitable museum established in 2005 by Tharu intellectuals, traditional leaders and youths. The main goal of the museum is to preserve Tharu culture through different activities with direct and indirect involvement of community people. It aims to preserve arts, culture, handicrafts, and artifacts related to Indigenous Tharu People. Similarly, the museum displays an exhibition about the Tharu histories, lives, culture, and their indigenous knowledge and skills. The paper aims to demonstrate that community museums can be one of the key hubs for the preservation of culture with the collection and promotion of cultural objects, artifacts, and intangible cultural heritages. The preservation of culture not only has contributed to establishing their ethnic identity but also has contributed to establishing their recognition of their political space in the mainstream politics - the constitution of Nepal has recognized Tharus to provide reservation for the political space. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20museum" title="community museum">community museum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tharu" title=" tharu"> tharu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=" title=""></a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity" title=" identity"> identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124087/the-role-of-community-museum-in-ethnic-identity-a-case-of-tharu-cultural-museum-and-research-center-in-chitwan-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124087.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5047</span> What are the Factors Underlying the Differences between Young Saudi Women in Traditional Families that Choose to Conform to the Society Norms, and Young Saudi Women who do not Conform?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mai%20Al-Subaie">Mai Al-Subaie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research suggests that women in traditional families of Saudi Arabia are divided into two groups, the one who conform to the society and the new type of women that has been emerged due to the changing and development of the culture, who do not want to conform to the rules. The factors underlying the differences were explored by using a test and an interview. That concluded some of the main factors that were a real effect of why some women still want to follow the society and traditional rules, and other want to break free. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conformity" title="conformity">conformity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non%20conformity" title=" non conformity"> non conformity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=females" title=" females"> females</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20Arabia" title=" Saudi Arabia"> Saudi Arabia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7254/what-are-the-factors-underlying-the-differences-between-young-saudi-women-in-traditional-families-that-choose-to-conform-to-the-society-norms-and-young-saudi-women-who-do-not-conform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7254.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">514</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5046</span> Examining the Relationship Between Traditional Property Rights and Online Intellectual Property Rights in the Digital Age</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luljeta%20Plakolli-Kasumi">Luljeta Plakolli-Kasumi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the digital age, the relationship between traditional property rights and online intellectual property rights is becoming increasingly complex. On the one hand, the internet and advancements in technology have allowed for the widespread distribution and use of digital content, making it easier for individuals and businesses to access and share information. On the other hand, the rise of digital piracy and illegal file-sharing has led to increased concerns about the protection of intellectual property rights. This paper aims to examine the relationship between traditional property rights and online intellectual property rights in the digital age by analyzing the current legal frameworks, key challenges and controversies that arise, and potential solutions for addressing these issues. The paper will look at how traditional property rights concepts such as ownership and possession are being applied in the online context and how they intersect with new and evolving forms of intellectual property such as digital downloads, streaming services, and online content creation. It will also discuss the tension between the need for strong intellectual property protection to encourage creativity and innovation and the public interest in promoting access to information and knowledge. Ultimately, the paper will explore how the legal system can adapt to better balance the interests of property owners, creators, and users in the digital age. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intellectual%20property" title="intellectual property">intellectual property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20property" title=" traditional property"> traditional property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20age" title=" digital age"> digital age</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20content" title=" digital content"> digital content</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161600/examining-the-relationship-between-traditional-property-rights-and-online-intellectual-property-rights-in-the-digital-age" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161600.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5045</span> Microbial Quality of Traditional Qatari Foods Sold by Women Street Vendors in Doha, Qatar</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahra%20El-Obeid">Tahra El-Obeid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reham%20Mousa"> Reham Mousa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amal%20Alzahiri"> Amal Alzahiri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During the past few years the traditional market of Qatar has become an attraction to many customers who eat from the numerous women street vendors selling Qatari traditional dishes. To gain an understanding on the safety of these street vended foods, we designed the study to test microbiological quality of 14 different Qatari foods sold in Souk Wagif, the main traditional market in Qatar. This study was conducted to mainly identify presence or absence of microbial pathogens. A total of 56 samples were purchased from 10 different street vendors and the samples were collected randomly on different days. The samples were tested for microbial contaminants at Central Food Laboratories, Doha, Qatar. The qualitative study was conducted using Real Time-PCR to screen for; Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli and E. coli 0157:H7. Out of the 56 samples, only two samples “Biryani” and “Khabess” contained E. coli. However, both samples tested negative for E. coli O157:H7. The microbial contamination of the Qatari traditional street vended foods was 3%. This result may be attributed to the food safety training requirement set by the regulatory authorities before issuing any license to food handlers in Qatar as well as the food inspection conducted by the food health inspectors on a regular basis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbiological%20quality" title="microbiological quality">microbiological quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20vended%20food" title=" street vended food"> street vended food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20dishes" title=" traditional dishes"> traditional dishes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qatar" title=" Qatar"> Qatar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6893/microbial-quality-of-traditional-qatari-foods-sold-by-women-street-vendors-in-doha-qatar" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6893.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5044</span> Muhammad`s Vision of Interaction with Supernatural Beings According to the Hadith in Comparison to Parallels of Other Cultures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20A.%20Rozov">Vladimir A. Rozov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Comparative studies of religion and ritual could contribute better understanding of human culture universalities. Belief in supernatural beings seems to be a common feature of the religion. A significant part of the Islamic concepts that concern supernatural beings is based on a tradition based on the Hadiths. They reflect, among other things, his ideas about a proper way to interact with supernatural beings. These ideas to a large extent follow from the pre-Islamic religious experience of the Arabs and had been reflected in a number of ritual actions. Some of those beliefs concern a particular function of clothing. For example, it is known that Muhammad was wrapped in clothes during the revelation of the Quran. The same thing was performed by pre-Islamic soothsayers (kāhin) and by rival opponents of Muhammad during their trances. Muhammad also turned the clothes inside out during religious rituals (prayer for rain). Besides these specific ways of clothing which prove the external similarity of Muhammad with the soothsayers and other people who claimed the connection with supernatural forces, the pre-Islamic soothsayers had another characteristic feature which is physical flaws. In this regard, it is worth to note Muhammad's so-called "Seal the Prophecy" (h̠ ātam an- nubūwwa) -protrusion or outgrowth on his back. Another interesting feature of Muhammad's behavior was his attitude to eating onion and garlic. In particular, the Prophet didn`t eat them and forbade people who had tasted these vegetables to enter mosques, until the smell ceases to be felt. The reason for this ban on eating onion and garlic is caused by a belief that the smell of these products prevents communication with otherworldly forces. The materials of the Hadith also suggest that Muhammad shared faith in the apotropical properties of water. Both of these ideas have parallels in other cultures of the world. Muhammad's actions supposed to provide an interaction with the supernatural beings are not accidental. They have parallels in the culture of pre-Islamic Arabia as well as in many past and present world cultures. The latter fact can be explained by the similarity of the universal human beliefs in supernatural beings and how they should be interacted with. Later a number of similar ideas shared by the Prophet Muhammad was legitimized by the Islamic tradition and formed the basis of popular Islamic rituals. Thus, these parallels emphasize the commonality of human notions of supernatural beings and also demonstrate the significance of the pre-Islamic cultural context in analyzing the genesis of Islamic religious beliefs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hadith" title="hadith">hadith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prophet%20Muhammad" title=" Prophet Muhammad"> Prophet Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ritual" title=" ritual"> ritual</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supernatural%20beings" title=" supernatural beings"> supernatural beings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77135/muhammads-vision-of-interaction-with-supernatural-beings-according-to-the-hadith-in-comparison-to-parallels-of-other-cultures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77135.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5043</span> Communicative Values of Yoruba Traditional Music on Adulthood Socialisation between the Late 20th and Early 21st Centuries </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Odukunle%20Adebayo%20Atewolara-Odule">Odukunle Adebayo Atewolara-Odule</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Music is an electronic medium and an integral content of the broadcast media, which has communicative values even in the process of entertaining listeners. The communicative values of music could have implications on what adults learn about culture and society. This study aimed at examining the communicative values of Yoruba traditional music and adulthood socialisation by comparing the situation of the late 20th with early 21st centuries. From the population of literate adults of between the ages of 30 years and 65 years in Ijebu North Local Government area of Ogun state, a sample of 200 respondents was drawn into the study through the stratified technique. A descriptive survey was conducted on the sample with the use of a structured questionnaire as the research instrument. Findings showed a significant relationship between what adults learned about the society and its culture from this category of music (p=0.000<0.05) but there was a higher significant relationship between Yoruba traditional music and adulthood socialisation in the late 20th than in early 21st centuries. Results also showed a significant communicative influence of Yoruba traditional music of the late 20th and early 21st centuries on adulthood socialisation (p=0.000<0.05). Respondents’ demographic characteristics were observed to play significant intervening roles on the communicative influence of Yoruba traditional music on socialisation among the adults between the late 20th and early 21st centuries (p=0.000<0.05). The study recommends that stakeholders should take cognisance of the lyrical contents of Yoruba traditional music due to its implications to inculcate values into people and shape their behaviour. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adulthood%20socialisation" title="adulthood socialisation">adulthood socialisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communicative%20values" title=" communicative values"> communicative values</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20music" title=" traditional music"> traditional music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Voruba" title=" Voruba "> Voruba </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93501/communicative-values-of-yoruba-traditional-music-on-adulthood-socialisation-between-the-late-20th-and-early-21st-centuries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93501.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5042</span> Secure Watermarking not at the Cost of Low Robustness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Cao">Jian Cao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes a novel watermarking technique which we call the random direction embedding (RDE) watermarking. Unlike traditional watermarking techniques, the watermark energy after the RDE embedding does not focus on a fixed direction, leading to the security against the traditional unauthorized watermark removal attack. In addition, the experimental results show that when compared with the existing secure watermarking, namely natural watermarking (NW), the RDE watermarking gains significant improvement in terms of robustness. In fact, the security of the RDE watermarking is not at the cost of low robustness, and it can even achieve more robust than the traditional spread spectrum watermarking, which has been shown to be very insecure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robustness" title="robustness">robustness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spread%20spectrum%20watermarking" title=" spread spectrum watermarking"> spread spectrum watermarking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watermarking%20security" title=" watermarking security"> watermarking security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20direction%20embedding%20%28RDE%29" title=" random direction embedding (RDE)"> random direction embedding (RDE)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13722/secure-watermarking-not-at-the-cost-of-low-robustness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13722.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5041</span> Application of Natural Dyes on Polyester and Polyester-Cellulosic Blended Fabrics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepali%20Rastogi">Deepali Rastogi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akanksha%20Rastogi"> Akanksha Rastogi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Comfort and safety are two essential factors in a newborn’s clothing. Natural dyes are considered safe for infant clothes because they are non-toxic and have medicinal properties. Natural dyes are sensitive to pH and may show changes in hue under different pH conditions. Infant garments face treatments different than adult clothing, for instance, exposure to infant’s saliva, milk, and urine. The present study was designed to study the suitability of natural dyes for infant clothes. Cotton fabric was dyed using fifteen natural dyes and two mordants, alum, and ferrous sulphate. The dyed samples were assessed for colour fastness to washing, rubbing, perspiration and light. In addition, fastness to milk, saliva, and urine was also tested. Simulated solutions of saliva and urine were prepared for the study. For milk, one of the commercial formulations for infants was taken and used as per the directions. A wide gamut of colours was obtained after dyeing the cotton with different natural dyes and mordants. The colour strength of all the dyed samples was determined in terms of K/S values. Most of the ferrous sulphate mordanted dyes gave higher K/S values than alum mordanted samples. The wash fastness of dyed cotton fabrics ranged from 3/4 -5. Perspiration fastness test for the samples was done in both acidic and alkaline mediums. The ratings ranged from 3-5, with most of the dyes falling in the range of 4-5. The rubbing fastness of the dyed samples was tested in dry and wet conditions. The results showed excellent rub fastness ranging between 4-5. Light fastness was found to be good to moderate. The main food for infants is milk, and this becomes one of the main agents to spot infants' garments. All dyes showed excellent fastness properties against milk with a grey scale rating of 4-5. Fastness against saliva is recommended by various eco-labels, standards, and organizations for fabrics of infants or babies. The fastness of most of the dyes was found to be satisfactory against saliva. Infant garments get frequently soiled with urine. Most of the natural dyes on cotton fabric had good to excellent fastness to simulated urine. The grey scale ratings ranged from 3/4 – 5. Thus, it can be concluded that most of the natural dyes can be successfully used for infant wear and accessories and are fast to various liquids to which infant wear are exposed. Therefore, we can surround little ones with beautiful hues from nature's garden and clothe them in natural fibres dyed with natural dyes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fastness%20properties" title="fastness properties">fastness properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infant%20wear" title=" infant wear"> infant wear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mordants" title=" mordants"> mordants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20dyes" title=" natural dyes"> natural dyes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124915/application-of-natural-dyes-on-polyester-and-polyester-cellulosic-blended-fabrics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124915.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5040</span> Sustainable Behavior and Design in Chinese Traditional Culture </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Chuhao">Jin Chuhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sustainable design is the key for the human to realize the harmonious development. However, sustainable design requires localization that combines their own regional culture’s characteristics, then forms the most common cultural identity. As a result, the concept of sustainable design integrates into social behavior and promotes the harmonious development. Chinese Confucian doctrine is one of the important thoughts of human culture, which is accepted by more and more people. This paper summarizes the sustainable concept from the Chinese traditional culture and local design, discusses how they change the life of human being and produces enlightenment and significance to China and world. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20design" title="sustainable design">sustainable design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20traditional%20culture" title=" Chinese traditional culture"> Chinese traditional culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harmonious%20development" title=" harmonious development"> harmonious development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Confucianism" title=" Confucianism"> Confucianism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28539/sustainable-behavior-and-design-in-chinese-traditional-culture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28539.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">693</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5039</span> Kanga Traditional Costume as a Tool for Community Empowerment in Tanzania in Ubuntu perspective - A Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meinrad%20Haule%20Lembuka">Meinrad Haule Lembuka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Ubuntu culture represents African humanism with collective and positive feeling of people living together, interdependence, equally and peaceful etc. Overtime, Ubuntu culture developed varieties of communicative strategies to express experiences, feelings and knowledge. Khanga or kanga (garment) is among the Ubuntu cultural practice of Bantu speaking people along the East African coast following interaction with Arabs and Bantu speaking people to formulate Swahili culture. Kanga or Kanga is a Swahili word which means a traditional soft cotton cloths in varieties of colours, patterns, and styles which as a deep cultural, historical, and social significance not only in Tanzania but the rest of East African coast. Swahili culture is a sub culture of Ubuntu African culture which is rich in customs and rituals that serve to preserve goodness and life where Tanzania, like the rest of East African societies along the Indian coast engaged in kanga dressing custom under Swahili culture to express their feelings and knowledge sharing. After the independence of Tanzania (formerly Tanganyika) from British colonial rule, Kanga traditional dressing gained momentum in Swahili culture and spread to the rest of East Africa and beyond. To date kanga dressing holds a good position as a formal and informal tool for advocating marginalised groups, counselling, psychosocial therapy, liberation, compassion, love, justice, campaign, and cerebration etc. Methodology: A literature review method was guided by Ubuntu theory to assess the implications of kanga traditional dressing in empowering Tanzanian community. Findings: During slavery, slaves wore Kaniki and people despised Kaniki dressing due to its association with slavery. Ex-slave women seeking to become part of the Swahili society began to decorate their Kaniki clothes. After slavery was abolished in 1897, Kangas began to be used for self-empowerment and to indicate that the wearer had personal wealth. During colonial era, freedom of expressions for Africans were restricted by colonial masters thus Tanzanians used kanga to express the evils of colonialism and other social problems, Under Ubuntu value of unity and solidarity liberation and independence fighters crafted motto and liberation messages that were shared and spread rapidly in the community. Political parities like TANU used kanga to spread nationalism and Ujamaa policy. kanga is more than a piece of fabric-it is a space for women to voice unspeakable communication and a women-centred repository for indigenous knowledge, feminisms addressing social ills, happiness, campaigns, memories and reconciliation etc. Kanga provides an indirect voice and support vulnerable and marginalised populations and strongly it has proved to be a peaceful platform of capture attention of government and societies. Kanga textiles gained increased international fame when an Obama kanga design was produced upon the president’s election in 2008 and his visit to Tanzania in 2013. Conclusion: Kanga preserves and symbolises Swahili culture and contributes in realization of social justice, inclusion, national identity and unity. As an inclusive cultural tool, Kanga spread across Africa to international community and the practice has moved from being a woman domination dressing code to other sex orientations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=African%20culture" title="African culture">African culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kanga" title=" Kanga"> Kanga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=khanga" title=" khanga"> khanga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swahili%20culture" title=" swahili culture"> swahili culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ubuntu" title=" ubuntu"> ubuntu</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172583/kanga-traditional-costume-as-a-tool-for-community-empowerment-in-tanzania-in-ubuntu-perspective-a-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172583.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5038</span> The Determination of Contamination Rate of Traditional White Cheese in Behbahan Markets to Coliforms and Pathogenic Escherichia Coli</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sana%20Mohammad%20Jafar">Sana Mohammad Jafar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossaini%20Seyahi%20Zohreh"> Hossaini Seyahi Zohreh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Infections and food intoxication caused by microbial contamination of food is of major issues in different countries, and diseases caused by the consumption of contaminated food included a large percentage of the country's health problems. Since traditional cheese for cultural reasons, good taste and smell in many parts of the area still has the important place in people's food basket, transmission of pathogenic bacteria could be at risk human health through the consumption of this food. In this study selected randomly 100 samples of 250 grams of traditional cheeses supplied in the city Behbahan market and adjacent to the ice was transferred to the laboratory and microbiological tests were performed immediately. According to the results, from 100 samples tested traditional cheese, 94 samples (94% of samples) were contaminated with coliforms, which of this number 75 samples (75% of samples) the contamination rate was higher than the limit (more than 100 cfu/g). Of the total samples, 36 samples (36% of samples) were contaminated with fecal coliform which of this number 30 samples (30% of samples) were contaminated with Escherichia.coli bacteria. Based on the results of agglutination test,no samples was found positive as pathogenic Escherichia.coli. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determination" title="determination">determination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20cheese" title=" traditional cheese"> traditional cheese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behbahan" title=" Behbahan"> Behbahan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Escherichia%20coli" title=" Escherichia coli"> Escherichia coli</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32561/the-determination-of-contamination-rate-of-traditional-white-cheese-in-behbahan-markets-to-coliforms-and-pathogenic-escherichia-coli" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32561.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">509</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5037</span> Prospects for Sustainable Chemistry in South Africa: A Plural Healthcare System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ntokozo%20C.%20Mthembu">Ntokozo C. Mthembu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The notion of sustainable chemistry has become significant in the discourse for a global post-colonial era, including South Africa, especially when it comes to access to the general health system and related policies in relation to disease or ease of human life. In view of the stubborn vestiges of coloniality in the daily lives of indigenous African people in general, the fundamentals of present Western medical and traditional medicine systems and related policies in the democratic era were examined in this study. The situation of traditional healers in relation to current policy was also reviewed. The advent of democracy in South Africa brought about a variety of development opportunities and limitations, particularly with respect to indigenous African knowledge systems such as traditional medicine. There were high hopes that the limitations of previous narrow cultural perspectives would be rectified in the democratic era through development interventions, but some sections of society, such as traditional healers, remain marginalised. The Afrocentric perspective was explored in dissecting government interventions related to traditional medicine. This article highlights that multiple medical systems should be adopted and that health policies should be aligned in order to guarantee mutual respect and to address the remnants of colonialism in South Africa, Africa and the broader global community. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20healing%20system" title="traditional healing system">traditional healing system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healers" title=" healers"> healers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pluralist%20healthcare%20system" title=" pluralist healthcare system"> pluralist healthcare system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-colonial%20era" title=" post-colonial era"> post-colonial era</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116479/prospects-for-sustainable-chemistry-in-south-africa-a-plural-healthcare-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116479.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5036</span> Bio-Based Processes for Circular Economy in the Textile Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazanin%20Forouz">Nazanin Forouz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The textile industry faces increasing criticism due to its resource-intensive nature and the negative environmental and societal impacts associated with the manufacturing, use, and disposal of clothes. To address these concerns, there is a growing desire to transition towards a circular economy for textiles, implementing recycling concepts and technologies to protect resources, the environment, and people. While existing recycling processes have focused on chemical and mechanical reuse of textile fibers, bio-based processes have received limited attention beyond end-of-life composting. However, bio-based technologies hold great promise for circularizing the textile life cycle and reducing environmental impacts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textile%20industry" title="textile industry">textile industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20economy" title=" circular economy"> circular economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-based%20processes" title=" bio-based processes"> bio-based processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20impacts" title=" environmental impacts"> environmental impacts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167974/bio-based-processes-for-circular-economy-in-the-textile-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5035</span> Traditional Terms, Spaces, Forms and Artifacts in Cultural Semiotics of Southwest Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajibade%20Adeyemo">Ajibade Adeyemo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper examined local terms used for spaces, forms and building practices in southwest Nigeria as cultural semiotics. Housing has more cultural meaning than mere shelter as shown in building terms such as ‘roof over my head’. The study is significant in the study area because its people were traditionally orally centered until ‘culture contact’ led to graphical presentation and appreciation in the form of drawings which is a modern language of architecture. This semiotic study will facilitate the understanding of the wholesomeness of traditional building practices and thoughts. This is in the culture of the traditional multi-sensory appreciation of architecture, urban design and the arts. It will analyze traditional aphoristic words and terms which are like proverbs which are significant in language because of their metaphorical essence. Many of such terms in the dominant Yoruba language of the study area are oftentimes phenomenal reducing universal terms like the earth and heaven to the simple module of housing. These words could be worth investigating because they are symbolic serve as codes which are cultural tool of regional ethnic significance. Sassure’s and Pierce’s concepts of Semiotics in line with Eco’s concept of semiotics of metaphor shall be deployed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20terms" title="traditional terms">traditional terms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spaces" title=" spaces"> spaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forms" title=" forms"> forms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artifacts" title=" artifacts"> artifacts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20semiotics" title=" cultural semiotics"> cultural semiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=southwest" title=" southwest"> southwest</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75045/traditional-terms-spaces-forms-and-artifacts-in-cultural-semiotics-of-southwest-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75045.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5034</span> Improving Equipment Life and Overall Equipment Effectiveness (O.E.E.) through Proper Maintenance Strategy Using Value Engineering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malay%20Niraj">Malay Niraj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Praveen%20Kumar"> Praveen Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study is a new approach for improving equipment life and Overall Equipment Efficiency (O.E.E.) through suitable maintenance practice with the help of value engineering. Value engineering is a one of the most powerful decision-making techniques which depend on many factors. The improvements are the result of recommendations made by multidisciplinary teams representing all parties involved. VE is a rigorous, systematic effort to improve the OEE and optimize the life cycle cost of a facility. The study describes problems in maintenance arising due to the absence of having clear criteria and strong decision constrain how to maintain failing equipment. Using factor comparisons, the study has been made between different maintenance practices and finally best maintenance practice based on value engineering technique has been selected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maintenance%20strategy" title="maintenance strategy">maintenance strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overall%20equipment%20efficiency" title=" overall equipment efficiency"> overall equipment efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=value%20engineering" title=" value engineering"> value engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision-making" title=" decision-making"> decision-making</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2052/improving-equipment-life-and-overall-equipment-effectiveness-oee-through-proper-maintenance-strategy-using-value-engineering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2052.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5033</span> The Desirable Construction of Urbanity in Spaces for Public Use</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giselly%20Barros%20Rodrigues">Giselly Barros Rodrigues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Leite%20de%20Souza"> Carlos Leite de Souza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, there has been a great discussion about urbanism, the right to the city, the search for the public space and the occupation and appropriation of people in the spaces of the city. This movement happens all over the world and also in the great Brazilian metropolises. The more human-friendly city - the desirable construction of urbanity - as well as the encouragement of walking or bicycling to the detriment of cars is one of the major issues addressed by urban planners and challenges in the process of reviewing regulatory frameworks. The fact is that even if there are public spaces or space for public use in private areas - it is essential that there be, besides a project focused on the people and the use of space, a good management not to generate excess of control and consequently the segregation between different ethnicities, classes or creed. With the insertion of the Strategic Master Plan of Sao Paulo (2014), there is great incentive for them to implement - in the private spaces - of mixed uses and active facades (Services and commerce in the basement of buildings), these incentives will generate a city for people in the medium and long term. This research seeks to discuss the extent to which these spaces are democratic, what their perceptions are in relation to the space of public use in private areas and why this perception may be the one that was originally idealized. For this study, we carried out bibliographic reviews where applied research were carried out in three case studies listed in Sao Paulo. Questionnaires were also applied to the actors who gave answers regarding their perceptions and how they were approached in the places analyzed. After analyzing the material, it was verified that in the three case studies analyzed, sitting on the floor is prohibited. In the two places in Paulista Avenue (Cetenco Plaza and Square of Mall Cidade Sao Paulo) there was no problem whatsoever in relation to the clothes or attitudes of the actors in the streets of Paulista Avenue in Sao Paulo city. Different from what happened in the Itaim neighborhood (Brascan Century Plaza), with more conservative characteristics, where the actors were heavily watched by security and observed by others due to their clothes and attitudes in that area. The city of Sao Paulo is slowly changing, people are increasingly looking for places of quality in public use in their daily lives. The Strategic Master Plan of Sao Paulo (2014) and the Legislation approved in 2016 envision a city more humane and people-oriented in the future. It is up to the private sector, the public, and society to work together so that this glimpse becomes an abundant reality in every city, generating quality of life and urbanity for all. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanity" title="urbanity">urbanity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20for%20public%20use" title=" space for public use"> space for public use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=appropriation%20of%20space" title=" appropriation of space"> appropriation of space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=segregation" title=" segregation"> segregation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76085/the-desirable-construction-of-urbanity-in-spaces-for-public-use" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76085.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5032</span> Documentation of Traditional Knowledge on Wild Medicinal Plants of Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nahla%20S.%20Abdel-Azim">Nahla S. Abdel-Azim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20A.%20Shams"> Khaled A. Shams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elsayed%20A.%20Omer"> Elsayed A. Omer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20M.%20Sakr"> Mahmoud M. Sakr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Medicinal plants play a significant role in the health care system in Egypt. Knowledge developed over the years by people is mostly unrecorded and orally passes on from one generation to the next. This knowledge is facing the danger of becoming extinct. Therefore there is an urgent need to document the medicinal and aromatic plants associated with traditional knowledge. The Egyptian Encyclopedia of wild medicinal plants (EEWMP) is the first attempt to collect most of the basic elements of the medicinal plant resources of Egypt and their traditional uses. It includes scientific data on about 500 medicinal plants in the form of monographs. Each monograph contains all available information and scientific data on the selected species including the following: names, description, distribution, parts used, habitat, conservational status, active or major chemical constituents, folk medicinal uses and heritage resources, pharmacological and biological activities, authentication, pharmaceutical products, and cultivation. The DNA bar-coding is also included (when available). A brief Arabic summary is given for every monograph. This work revealed the diversity in plant parts used in the treatment of different ailments. In addition, the traditional knowledge gathered can be considered a good starting point for effective in situ and ex-situ conservation of endangered plant species. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=encyclopedia" title="encyclopedia">encyclopedia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicinal%20plant" title=" medicinal plant"> medicinal plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20medicine" title=" traditional medicine"> traditional medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wild%20flora" title=" wild flora"> wild flora</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110623/documentation-of-traditional-knowledge-on-wild-medicinal-plants-of-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110623.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5031</span> Assessment the Manner of Obtaining Hierarchies and Privacy of Traditional Houses Entrance in Providing a Safe Place-Case Study: Traditional Houses in Shiraz </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20A.%20Barzegar">Zahra A. Barzegar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20B.%20Golboo"> Maryam B. Golboo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the manner of obtaining hierarchies and privacy entry of traditional houses in providing a safe place in the city of Shiraz will be evaluated by qualitative–descriptive methods and 6 old houses are the case study. The houses of Shiraz, as the houses in other cities in Iran are a response to climate and physical features. The old part of Shiraz has a compressed and dense texture in which the houses are in narrow and tight alleys. In this regard, the principles of traditional house entrance design have been introduced. The results show that every house has a private entrance. Direction of the entry of most houses is toward the south and with a turn to the South-East side. Entrance to yard path in all the cases is not straight, and this had been done by using 90 degrees rotates of the corridor leading to the yard. Vestibule provides a private place for the house and entrance stairway to the rooftop is located inside it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrance" title="entrance">entrance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=components%20of%20entrance" title=" components of entrance"> components of entrance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchy" title=" hierarchy"> hierarchy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frontage" title=" frontage"> frontage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shiraz%20houses" title=" Shiraz houses"> Shiraz houses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11793/assessment-the-manner-of-obtaining-hierarchies-and-privacy-of-traditional-houses-entrance-in-providing-a-safe-place-case-study-traditional-houses-in-shiraz" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11793.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5030</span> Relationship of Arm Acupressure Points and Thai Traditional Massage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boonyarat%20Chaleephay">Boonyarat Chaleephay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research paper was to describe the relationship of acupressure points on the anterior surface of the upper limb in accordance with Applied Thai Traditional Massage (ATTM) and the deep structures located at those acupressure points. There were 2 population groups; normal subjects and cadaver specimens. Eighteen males with age ranging from 20-40 years old and seventeen females with ages ranging from 30-97 years old were studies. This study was able to obtain a fundamental knowledge concerning acupressure point and the deep structures that related to those acupressure points. It might be used as the basic knowledge for clinically applying and planning treatment as well as teaching in ATTM. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acupressure%20point%20%28AP%29" title="acupressure point (AP)">acupressure point (AP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=applie%20Thai%0D%0Atraditional%20medicine%20%28ATTM%29" title=" applie Thai traditional medicine (ATTM)"> applie Thai traditional medicine (ATTM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paresthesia" title=" paresthesia"> paresthesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numbness" title=" numbness "> numbness </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3901/relationship-of-arm-acupressure-points-and-thai-traditional-massage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5029</span> Traditional Knowledge on Living Fences in Andean Linear Plantations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=German%20Marino%20Rivera">German Marino Rivera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Linear plantations are a common practice in several countries as living fences (LF) delimiting agroecosystems. They are composed of multipurpose perennial woods that provide assets, protection, and supply services. However, not much is known in some traditional communities like the Andean region, including the species composition and the social and ecological benefits of the species used. In the High Andean Colombian region, LF seems to be very typical and diverse. This study aimed to analyze the traditional knowledge about LF systems, including the species composition and their uses in rural communities of Alto Casanare, Colombia. Field measurements, interviews, guided tours, and species sampling were carried out in order to describe traditional practices and the species used in the LF systems. The use values were estimated through the Coefficient of Importance of the Species (CIS). A total of 26 farms engage in LF practices, covering an area of 9283.3 m. In these systems, 30 species were identified, belonging to 23 families. Alnus acuminata was the specie with the highest CIS. The species presented multipurpose uses for both economic and ecological purposes. The transmission of knowledge (TEK) about the used species is very heterogeneous among the farmers. Many species used were not documented, with reciprocal gaps between the literature and traditional species uses. Exchanging this information would increase the species' versatility, the socioeconomic aspects of these communities, increases the agrobiodiversity and ecological services provided by LF. The description of the TEK on LF provides a better understanding of the relationship of these communities with the natural resources, pointing out creative approaches to achieve local environment conservation in these agroecosystems and promoting socioeconomic development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnobotany" title="ethnobotany">ethnobotany</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=living%20fences" title=" living fences"> living fences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20communities" title=" traditional communities"> traditional communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agroecology" title=" agroecology"> agroecology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163444/traditional-knowledge-on-living-fences-in-andean-linear-plantations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163444.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5028</span> Urban Form of the Traditional Arabic City in the Light of Islamic Values</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akeel%20Noori%20Al-Mulla%20Hwaish">Akeel Noori Al-Mulla Hwaish</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The environmental impact, economics, social and cultural factors, and the processes by which people define history and meaning had influenced the dynamic shape and character of the traditional Islamic Arabic city. Therefore, in regard to the period when Islam was at its peak (7th- 13th Centuries), Islamic city wasn’t the highly dynamited at the scale of buildings and city planning that demonstrates a distinguished city as an ‘Islamic’ as appeared after centuries when the function of the buildings and their particular arrangement and planning scheme in relation to one another that defined an Islamic city character. The architectural features of the urban fabric of the traditional Arabic Islamic city are a ‎reflection of the spiritual, social, and cultural characteristics of the people. It is a ‎combination of Islamic values ‘Din’ and life needs ‘Dunia’ as Prophet Muhammad built the first Mosque in ‎Madinah in the 1st year of his migration to it, then the Suq or market on 2nd of Hijrah, attached to ‎the mosque to signify the birth of a new Muslims community which considers both, ‎‎’Din’ and ‘Dunia’ and initiated nucleus for what which called after that as an ‘Islamic’ city. This research will discuss the main characteristics and components of the traditional Arab cities and demonstrate the impact of the Islamic values on shaping the planning layout and general built environment features of the early traditional Arab cities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban" title="urban">urban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic" title=" Islamic"> Islamic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic" title=" Arabic"> Arabic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=city" title=" city"> city</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114615/urban-form-of-the-traditional-arabic-city-in-the-light-of-islamic-values" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114615.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5027</span> Handloom Weaving Quality and Fashion Development Process for Traditional Costumes in the Contemporary Global Fashion Market in Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adiyam%20Amare">Adiyam Amare</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research explores the handloom weaving quality and fashion development process for traditional Ethiopian costumes, particularly focusing on the challenges and opportunities within the contemporary global fashion market. Through a qualitative approach, including interviews and direct observations, the study identifies key factors affecting the handloom industry, such as quality improvement, market integration, and cultural preservation. The findings suggest that enhancing production quality, modernizing techniques, and fostering global market participation can significantly improve the competitiveness of Ethiopian traditional garments in the global fashion industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fashion" title="fashion">fashion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design" title=" design"> design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textile" title=" textile"> textile</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189311/handloom-weaving-quality-and-fashion-development-process-for-traditional-costumes-in-the-contemporary-global-fashion-market-in-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">32</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malay%20traditional%20clothes&page=5" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malay%20traditional%20clothes&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malay%20traditional%20clothes&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malay%20traditional%20clothes&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malay%20traditional%20clothes&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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