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conformation</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: open conformation"> <meta name="keywords" content="open conformation"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="open conformation"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3149</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: open conformation</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3149</span> Quantitative Detection of the Conformational Transitions between Open and Closed Forms of Cytochrome P450 Oxidoreductase (CYPOR) at the Membrane Surface in Different Functional States</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Arafeh">Sara Arafeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kovriguine%20Evguine"> Kovriguine Evguine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cytochromes P450 are enzymes that require a supply of electrons to catalyze the synthesis of steroid hormones, fatty acids, and prostaglandin hormone. Cytochrome P450 Oxidoreductase (CYPOR), a membrane bound enzyme, provides these electrons in its open conformation. CYPOR has two cytosolic domains (FAD domain and FMN domain) and an N-terminal in the membrane. In its open conformation, electrons flow from NADPH, FAD, and finally to FMN where cytochrome P450 picks up these electrons. In the closed conformation, cytochrome P450 does not bind to the FMN domain to take the electrons. It was found that when the cytosolic domains are isolated, CYPOR could not bind to cytochrome P450. This suggested that the membrane environment is important for CYPOR function. This project takes the initiative to better understand the dynamics of CYPOR in its full length. Here, we determine the distance between specific sites in the FAD and FMN binding domains in CYPOR by Forster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) and Ultrafast TA spectroscopy with and without NADPH. The approach to determine these distances will rely on labeling these sites with red and infrared fluorophores. Mimic membrane attachment is done by inserting CYPOR in lipid nanodiscs. By determining the distances between the donor-acceptor sites in these domains, we can observe the open/closed conformations upon reducing CYPOR in the presence and absence of cytochrome P450. Such study is important to better understand CYPOR mechanism of action in various endosomal membranes including hepatic CYPOR which is vital in plasma cholesterol homeostasis. By investigating the conformational cycles of CYPOR, we can synthesize drugs that would be more efficient in affecting the steroid hormonal levels and metabolism of toxins catalyzed by Cytochrome P450. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conformational%20cycle%20of%20CYPOR" title="conformational cycle of CYPOR">conformational cycle of CYPOR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytochrome%20P450" title=" cytochrome P450"> cytochrome P450</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytochrome%20P450%20oxidoreductase" title=" cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase"> cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FAD%20domain" title=" FAD domain"> FAD domain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FMN%20domain" title=" FMN domain"> FMN domain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FRET" title=" FRET"> FRET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ultrafast%20TA%20Spectroscopy" title=" Ultrafast TA Spectroscopy"> Ultrafast TA Spectroscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63085/quantitative-detection-of-the-conformational-transitions-between-open-and-closed-forms-of-cytochrome-p450-oxidoreductase-cypor-at-the-membrane-surface-in-different-functional-states" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63085.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3148</span> Effect of Formulation Compositions and Freezing Rates on the Conformational Changes of Influenza Virus Haemagglutinin (HA)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thanh%20Phuong%20Doan">Thanh Phuong Doan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narueporn%20Sutanthavibul"> Narueporn Sutanthavibul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The influence of freezing cycle on influenza haemagglutinin (HA) conformational stability was investigated in terms of freezing rates and formulation compositions. The results showed that appropriate HA conformation could be evaluated using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy with HA concentration of greater than 0.09 mg/ml. The intermediate freezing rate of approximately 1.0oC/min preserved the original HA conformation better than at slow freezing rate (0.5oC/min) and rapid freezing rate (2.6oC/min). The changes in CD spectra of the secondary HA structure were more pronounced than those of the tertiary HA structure during the evaluation. Additionally, the formulations, which resulted in the highest conformational stability were found to have sucrose present in the composition. As opposed to when only glycine was used, the stability of HA conformation was poor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freezing" title="freezing">freezing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=haemagglutinin" title=" haemagglutinin"> haemagglutinin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influenza" title=" influenza"> influenza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20dichroism" title=" circular dichroism"> circular dichroism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26789/effect-of-formulation-compositions-and-freezing-rates-on-the-conformational-changes-of-influenza-virus-haemagglutinin-ha" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26789.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3147</span> Preferred Left-Handed Conformation of Glycyls at Pathogenic Sites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Purva%20Mishra">Purva Mishra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajesh%20Potlia"> Rajesh Potlia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuljeet%20Singh%20Sandhu"> Kuljeet Singh Sandhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The role of glycyl residues in the protein structure has lingered within the research community for the last several decades. Glycyl residue is the only amino acid that is achiral due to the lack of a side chain and can, therefore, exhibit Ramachandran conformations that are disallowed for L-amino acids. The structural and functional significance of glycyl residues with L-disallowed conformation, however, remains obscure. Through statistical analysis of various datasets, we found that the glycyls with L-disallowed conformations are over-represented at disease-associated sites and tend to be evolutionarily conserved. The mutations of L-disallowed glycyls tend to destabilize the native conformation, reduce protein solubility, and promote inter-molecular aggregations. We uncovered a structural motif referred to as “β-crescent” formed around the L-disallowed glycyl, which prevents β-sheet aggregation by disrupting the alternating pattern of β-pleats. The L-disallowed conformation of glycyls also holds predictive power to infer the pathogenic missense variants. Altogether, our observations highlight that the L-disallowed conformation of glycyls is selected to facilitate native folding and prevent inter-molecular aggregations. The findings may also have implications for designing more stable proteins and prioritizing the genetic lesions implicated in diseases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramachandran%20plot" title="Ramachandran plot">Ramachandran plot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B2-sheet" title=" β-sheet"> β-sheet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein%20stability" title=" protein stability"> protein stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein%20aggregation" title=" protein aggregation"> protein aggregation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179122/preferred-left-handed-conformation-of-glycyls-at-pathogenic-sites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179122.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3146</span> Single-Molecule Analysis of Structure and Dynamics in Polymer Materials by Super-Resolution Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiroyuki%20Aoki">Hiroyuki Aoki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The physical properties of polymer materials are dependent on the conformation and molecular motion of a polymer chain. Therefore, the structure and dynamic behavior of the single polymer chain have been the most important concerns in the field of polymer physics. However, it has been impossible to directly observe the conformation of the single polymer chain in a bulk medium. In the current work, the novel techniques to study the conformation and dynamics of a single polymer chain are proposed. Since a fluorescence method is extremely sensitive, the fluorescence microscopy enables the direct detection of a single molecule. However, the structure of the polymer chain as large as 100 nm cannot be resolved by conventional fluorescence methods because of the diffraction limit of light. In order to observe the single chains, we developed the labeling method of polymer materials with a photo-switchable dye and the super-resolution microscopy. The real-space conformational analysis of single polymer chains with the spatial resolution of 15-20 nm was achieved. The super-resolution microscopy enables us to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates; therefore, we succeeded the conformational analysis in three dimensions. The direct observation by the nanometric optical microscopy would reveal the detailed information on the molecular processes in the various polymer systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20materials" title="polymer materials">polymer materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20molecule" title=" single molecule"> single molecule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super-resolution%20techniques" title=" super-resolution techniques"> super-resolution techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conformation" title=" conformation"> conformation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57901/single-molecule-analysis-of-structure-and-dynamics-in-polymer-materials-by-super-resolution-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3145</span> Structural Analysis of Polymer Thin Films at Single Macromolecule Level</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiroyuki%20Aoki">Hiroyuki Aoki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toru%20Asada"> Toru Asada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomomi%20Tanii"> Tomomi Tanii</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The properties of a spin-cast film of a polymer material are different from those in the bulk material because the polymer chains are frozen in an un-equilibrium state due to the rapid evaporation of the solvent. However, there has been little information on the un-equilibrated conformation and dynamics in a spin-cast film at the single chain level. The real-space observation of individual chains would provide direct information to discuss the morphology and dynamics of single polymer chains. The recent development of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy methods allows the conformational analysis of single polymer chain. In the current study, the conformation of a polymer chain in a spin-cast film by the super-resolution microscopy. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with the molecular weight of 2.2 x 10^6 was spin-cast onto a glass substrate from toluene and chloroform. For the super-resolution fluorescence imaging, a small amount of the PMMA labeled by rhodamine spiroamide dye was added. The radius of gyration (Rg) was evaluated from the super-resolution fluorescence image of each PMMA chain. The mean-square-root of Rg was 48.7 and 54.0 nm in the spin-cast films prepared from the toluene and chloroform solutions, respectively. On the other hand, the chain dimension in a bulk state (a thermally annealed 10- μm-thick sample) was observed to be 43.1 nm. This indicates that the PMMA chain in the spin-cast film takes an expanded conformation compared to the unperturbed chain and that the chain dimension is dependent on the solvent quality. In a good solvent, the PMMA chain has an expanded conformation by the excluded volume effect. The polymer chain is frozen before the relaxation from an un-equilibrated expanded conformation to an unperturbed one by the rapid solvent evaporation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chain%20conformation" title="chain conformation">chain conformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20thin%20film" title=" polymer thin film"> polymer thin film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spin-coating" title=" spin-coating"> spin-coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super-resolution%20optical%20microscopy" title=" super-resolution optical microscopy"> super-resolution optical microscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41961/structural-analysis-of-polymer-thin-films-at-single-macromolecule-level" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41961.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3144</span> Binding Studies and Structure Determination of the Recombinantly Produced Type-II 3-Dehydroquinate Dehydratase from Acinetobacter Baumannii </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naseer%20Iqbal">Naseer Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukesh%20Kumar"> Mukesh Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pradeep%20Sharma"> Pradeep Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satya%20Prakash%20Yadav"> Satya Prakash Yadav</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Punit%20Kaur"> Punit Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sujata%20%20Sharma"> Sujata Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20P.%20Singh"> T. P. Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dehydroquinase (3-dehydroquinate dehydratase, DHQD, EC 4.2.1.10) is involved in shikimate pathway and catalyzes the conversion of dehydroquinate to dehydroshikimate. Shikimate pathway is important drug target as this pathway is absent in mammals. DHQD from Acinetobacter baumannii (AbDHQD) was cloned, expressed and purified to homogeneity. The binding studies showed that compounds quinic acid and citrazinic acid bound to AbDHQD at micromolar concentrations. AbDHQD was crystallized using 30% PEG-3350, 50mM tris-HCl, and 1.0M MgSO4 at PH 8.0. Crystals of AbDHQD were stabilized by transferring them into reservoir solution to which 25% glycerol was added for data collection at 100K. The X-ray intensity data were collected to 2.0Å resolution. The crystals belong to monoclinic space group P21 with cell dimensions, a = 82.3, b = 95.3, c = 132.3Å and β = 95.7°. The structure was solved with molecular replacement method and refined to Rcryst/Rfree factors of 0.200/0.232. The structures of 12 crystallographically independent molecules in the asymmetry unit were identical with r.m.s shifts for the C atoms ranging from 0.3 Å to 0.8 Å. They formed a dodecamer with four trimers arranged in a tetrahedral manner. The classical lid adopted an open conformation although a sulfate ion was observed in the substrate binding site. As a result of which, the compounds quinic acid and citrazinic acid did not bind to AbDHQD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acinetobacter%20Bauman%20Nii" title="acinetobacter Bauman Nii">acinetobacter Bauman Nii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dehydroquinate%20dehydratase" title=" dehydroquinate dehydratase"> dehydroquinate dehydratase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dodecamer" title=" dodecamer"> dodecamer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20conformation" title=" open conformation"> open conformation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60811/binding-studies-and-structure-determination-of-the-recombinantly-produced-type-ii-3-dehydroquinate-dehydratase-from-acinetobacter-baumannii" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60811.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3143</span> Principal Component Analysis of Body Weight and Morphometric Traits of New Zealand Rabbits Raised under Semi-Arid Condition in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Abayomi%20Rotimi">Emmanuel Abayomi Rotimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Context: Rabbits production plays important role in increasing animal protein supply in Nigeria. Rabbit production provides a cheap, affordable, and healthy source of meat. The growth of animals involves an increase in body weight, which can change the conformation of various parts of the body. Live weight and linear measurements are indicators of growth rate in rabbits and other farm animals. Aims: This study aimed to define the body dimensions of New Zealand rabbits and also to investigate the morphometric traits variables that contribute to body conformation by the use of principal component analysis (PCA). Methods: Data were obtained from 80 New Zealand rabbits (40 bucks and 40 does) raised in Livestock Teaching and Research Farm, Federal University Dutsinma. Data were taken on body weight (BWT), body length (BL), ear length (EL), tail length (TL), heart girth (HG) and abdominal circumference (AC). Data collected were subjected to multivariate analysis using SPSS 20.0 statistical package. Key results: The descriptive statistics showed that the mean BWT, BL, EL, TL, HG, and AC were 0.91kg, 27.34cm, 10.24cm, 8.35cm, 19.55cm and 21.30cm respectively. Sex showed significant (P<0.05) effect on all the variables examined, with higher values recorded for does. The phenotypic correlation coefficient values (r) between the morphometric traits were all positive and ranged from r = 0.406 (between EL and BL) to r = 0.909 (between AC and HG). HG is the most correlated with BWT (r = 0.786). The principal component analysis with variance maximizing orthogonal rotation was used to extract the components. Two principal components (PCs) from the factor analysis of morphometric traits explained about 80.42% of the total variance. PC1 accounted for 64.46% while PC2 accounted for 15.97% of the total variances. Three variables, representing body conformation, loaded highest in PC1. PC1 had the highest contribution (64.46%) to the total variance, and it is regarded as body conformation traits. Conclusions: This component could be used as selection criteria for improving body weight of rabbits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conformation" title="conformation">conformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multicollinearity" title=" multicollinearity"> multicollinearity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multivariate" title=" multivariate"> multivariate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rabbits%20and%20principal%20component%20analysis" title=" rabbits and principal component analysis"> rabbits and principal component analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110184/principal-component-analysis-of-body-weight-and-morphometric-traits-of-new-zealand-rabbits-raised-under-semi-arid-condition-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110184.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3142</span> Technology Planning with Internal and External Resource for Open Innovation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeonghwan%20Jeon">Jeonghwan Jeon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Technology planning with both internal capacity and external resource is necessary for successful open innovation. Until now, many types of research have been conducted for this issue. However, technology planning for open innovation at the national level has not been researched sufficiently. This study proposes Open roadmap for open innovation at the national level. The proposed open roadmap can manage the inflow & outflow open innovation systematically. Six types of open roadmap are classified with respect to the innovation direction and characteristics. The proposed open roadmap is applied to the open innovation cases of the Roman period. The proposed open roadmap is expected to be helpful tool for technology policy planning at the national level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20planning" title="technology planning">technology planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20innovation" title=" open innovation"> open innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20resource" title=" internal resource"> internal resource</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=external%20resource" title=" external resource"> external resource</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20management" title=" technology management"> technology management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66834/technology-planning-with-internal-and-external-resource-for-open-innovation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66834.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3141</span> A Case Study of Open Source Development Practices within a Large Company Setting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alma%20Orucevic-Alagic">Alma Orucevic-Alagic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20H%C3%B6st"> Martin Höst</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Open source communities have demonstrated that complex and enterprise grade software can be produced, supported, and maintained by self-organizing groups of developers using primarily electronic form of communication. Due to the inherent nature of open source development, a specific set of open source software development practices has evolved. While there is an ongoing research on the topic of applicability of open source development practices within a company setting, still little is known about their benefits and challenges. The objective of this research is to understand if and to what degree open source development practices observed within a mature open source community are aligned with development practices within a large software and hardware company setting. For the purpose of this case study a set of open source development practices that are present in a mature open source community has been identified. Then, development practices of a large, international, hardware and software company based in Sweden were assessed and compared to the identified open source community practices. It is shown that there are many similarities between a mature open source community and a large company setting in regard to software development practices. We also identify practices that exist in open source communities and that are not standard within a company setting, but whose implementation can result in an improved software development efficiency within the company setting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development%20practices" title="development practices">development practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20source%20software" title=" open source software"> open source software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innersource" title=" innersource"> innersource</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=closed%20open%20source" title=" closed open source"> closed open source</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13154/a-case-study-of-open-source-development-practices-within-a-large-company-setting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13154.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">558</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3140</span> Author Self-Archiving in Open Access Institutional Repositories for Awareness Creation in Universities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwame%20Kodua-Ntim">Kwame Kodua-Ntim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study explored the authors self-archiving to create awareness of open-access institutional repositories in universities. The qualitative approach of the study was informed by the interpretive paradigm as well as the case research design. The target population for the study was all twelve (12) open-access institutional repositories managers and administrators purposively selected from the five (5) universities in Ghana. The universities were chosen since they were the only ones listed in the Directory of Open Access Repositories. Interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide and data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The study revealed that academics had some information about self-archiving in open-access institutional repositories and university libraries with open-access institutional repositories were using DSpace software. Managers and administrators of open-access institutional repositories mediated content uploaded and believed that author self-archiving could improve awareness of open-access institutional repositories. The study recommended that universities should fully implement the author’s self-archiving protocol, and academics should be trained to be able to upload research works onto open-access institutional repositories. Furthermore, the university and university library should provide rigorous policies on author self-archiving and incentives for author self-archiving in the open access institutional repositories. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=author" title="author">author</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=awareness" title=" awareness"> awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20repositories" title=" institutional repositories"> institutional repositories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20access" title=" open access"> open access</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20archive" title=" open archive"> open archive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-archiving" title=" self-archiving"> self-archiving</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161785/author-self-archiving-in-open-access-institutional-repositories-for-awareness-creation-in-universities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161785.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3139</span> Impact of Schools' Open and Semi-Open Spaces on Student's Studying Behavior</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaithanya%20Pothuganti">Chaithanya Pothuganti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Open and semi-open spaces in educational buildings like corridors, mid landings, seating spaces, lobby, courtyards are traditionally have been the places of social communion and interaction which helps in promoting the knowledge, performance, activeness, and motivation in students. Factors like availability of land, commercialization, of educational facilities, especially in e-techno and smart schools, led to closed classrooms to accommodate students thereby lack quality open and semi-open spaces. This insufficient attention towards open space design which is a means of informal learning misses an opportunity to encourage the student’s skill development, behavior and learning skills. The core objective of this paper is to find the level of impact on student learning behavior and to identify the suitable proportions and configuration of spaces that shape the schools. In order to achieve this, different types of open spaces in schools and their impact on student’s performance in various existing models are analysed using case studies to draw some design principles. The study is limited to indoor open spaces like corridors, break out spaces and courtyards. The expected outcome of the paper is to suggest better design considerations for the development of semi-open and open spaces which functions as an element for informal learnings. Its focus is to provide further thinking on designing and development of open spaces in educational buildings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=configuration%20of%20spaces%20and%20proportions" title="configuration of spaces and proportions">configuration of spaces and proportions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=informal%20learning" title=" informal learning"> informal learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20spaces" title=" open spaces"> open spaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=schools" title=" schools"> schools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student%E2%80%99s%20behavior" title=" student’s behavior"> student’s behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82053/impact-of-schools-open-and-semi-open-spaces-on-students-studying-behavior" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82053.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3138</span> Open Minds but Closed Access: Why Are There so Few Gold Open Access LIS Journals And Why Are so Many Librarians Unwilling to Unlock Their Scholarship?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Baker">Sarah Baker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jayati%20Chaudhuri"> Jayati Chaudhuri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Librarians have embraced the open access movement in all disciplines but their own. They are strong advocates on college campuses and curate institutional repositories, yet there are surprisingly few open access LIS journals. Presenters evaluated the open access availability of library and information science literature. After analyzing the top 100 library science journals (the top 50 journals from Scimago and JCR) and finding very few gold open access journals, they then investigated the availability of open access articles from the top 10 closed access journals. Presenters would like to generate a conversation on what type of proactive approach librarians can take to increase open access to literature within our discipline. Librarians like their colleagues in other disciplines are not motivated to submit their articles to their institutional repositories. Presenters have found a similar reluctance from their fellow colleagues regarding open access initiatives on campus. Presenters will describe Open Access Week activities as part of a campus-wide initiative and share some faculty comments, concerns, and misconceptions that came up as a part of this dialog. Presenters will discuss their personal experiences providing access to faculty publications through the California State University Los Angeles institutional repository. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=faculty%20scholarship" title="faculty scholarship">faculty scholarship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20repositories" title=" institutional repositories"> institutional repositories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=library%20and%20information%20science%20journals" title=" library and information science journals"> library and information science journals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20access" title=" open access"> open access</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26157/open-minds-but-closed-access-why-are-there-so-few-gold-open-access-lis-journals-and-why-are-so-many-librarians-unwilling-to-unlock-their-scholarship" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26157.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3137</span> The Actuation of Semicrystalline Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) Tie Molecules: A Computational and Experimental Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abas%20Mohsenzadeh">Abas Mohsenzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tariq%20Bashir"> Tariq Bashir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waseen%20Tahir"> Waseen Tahir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ulf%20Stigh"> Ulf Stigh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mikael%20Skrifvars"> Mikael Skrifvars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kim%20Bolton"> Kim Bolton</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The area of artificial muscles has received significant attention from many research domains including soft robotics, biomechanics and smart textiles in recent years. Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) has been used to form artificial muscles since it contracts upon heating when under load. In this study, PVDF fibers were produced by melt spinning technique at different solid state draw ratios and then actuation mechanism for PVDF tie molecules within the semicrystalline region of PVDF polymer has been investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. Tie molecules are polymer chains that link two (or more) crystalline regions in semicrystalline polymers. The changes in fiber length upon heating have been investigated using a novel simulation technique. The results show that conformational changes of the tie molecules from the longer all-trans conformation at low temperature (β structure) to the shorter conformation (α structure) at higher temperature accrue by increasing the temperature. These results may be applied to understand the actuation observed for PVDF upon heating. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poly%28vinylidene%20fluoride%29" title="poly(vinylidene fluoride)">poly(vinylidene fluoride)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20dynamics" title=" molecular dynamics"> molecular dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=actuators" title=" actuators"> actuators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tie%20molecules" title=" tie molecules"> tie molecules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semicrystalline" title=" semicrystalline"> semicrystalline</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77139/the-actuation-of-semicrystalline-polyvinylidene-fluoride-tie-molecules-a-computational-and-experimental-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77139.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3136</span> Open educational Resources' Metadata: Towards the First Star to Quality of Open Educational Resources</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Audrey%20Romero-Pelaez">Audrey Romero-Pelaez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Carlos%20Morocho-Yunga"> Juan Carlos Morocho-Yunga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increasing amount of open educational resources (OER) published on the web for consumption in teaching and learning environments also generates a growing need to ensure the quality of these resources. The low level of OER discovery is one of the most significant drawbacks when faced with its reuse, and as a consequence, high-quality educational resources can go unnoticed. Metadata enables the discovery of resources on the web. The purpose of this study is to lay the foundations for open educational resources to achieve their first quality star within the Quality4OER Framework. In this study, we evaluate the quality of OER metadata and establish the main guidelines on metadata quality in this context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20educational%20resources" title="open educational resources">open educational resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OER%20quality" title=" OER quality"> OER quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20metadata" title=" quality metadata"> quality metadata</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129865/open-educational-resources-metadata-towards-the-first-star-to-quality-of-open-educational-resources" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129865.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3135</span> Modeling of Anode Catalyst against CO in Fuel Cell Using Material Informatics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Khorshed%20Alam">M. Khorshed Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Takaba"> H. Takaba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The catalytic properties of metal usually change by intermixturing with another metal in polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Pt-Ru alloy is one of the much-talked used alloy to enhance the CO oxidation. In this work, we have investigated the CO coverage on the Pt2Ru3 nanoparticle with different atomic conformation of Pt and Ru using a combination of material informatics with computational chemistry. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations used to describe the adsorption strength of CO and H with different conformation of Pt Ru ratio in the Pt2Ru3 slab surface. Then through the Monte Carlo (MC) simulations we examined the segregation behaviour of Pt as a function of surface atom ratio, subsurface atom ratio, particle size of the Pt2Ru3 nanoparticle. We have constructed a regression equation so as to reproduce the results of DFT only from the structural descriptors. Descriptors were selected for the regression equation; xa-b indicates the number of bonds between targeted atom a and neighboring atom b in the same layer (a,b = Pt or Ru). Terms of xa-H2 and xa-CO represent the number of atoms a binding H2 and CO molecules, respectively. xa-S is the number of atom a on the surface. xa-b- is the number of bonds between atom a and neighboring atom b located outside the layer. The surface segregation in the alloying nanoparticles is influenced by their component elements, composition, crystal lattice, shape, size, nature of the adsorbents and its pressure, temperature etc. Simulations were performed on different size (2.0 nm, 3.0 nm) of nanoparticle that were mixing of Pt and Ru atoms in different conformation considering of temperature range 333K. In addition to the Pt2Ru3 alloy we also considered pure Pt and Ru nanoparticle to make comparison of surface coverage by adsorbates (H2, CO). Hence, we assumed the pure and Pt-Ru alloy nanoparticles have an fcc crystal structures as well as a cubo-octahedron shape, which is bounded by (111) and (100) facets. Simulations were performed up to 50 million MC steps. From the results of MC, in the presence of gases (H2, CO), the surfaces are occupied by the gas molecules. In the equilibrium structure the coverage of H and CO as a function of the nature of surface atoms. In the initial structure, the Pt/Ru ratios on the surfaces for different cluster sizes were in range of 0.50 - 0.95. MC simulation was employed when the partial pressure of H2 (PH2) and CO (PCO) were 70 kPa and 100-500 ppm, respectively. The Pt/Ru ratios decrease as the increase in the CO concentration, without little exception only for small nanoparticle. The adsorption strength of CO on the Ru site is higher than the Pt site that would be one of the reason for decreasing the Pt/Ru ratio on the surface. Therefore, our study identifies that controlling the nanoparticle size, composition, conformation of alloying atoms, concentration and chemical potential of adsorbates have impact on the steadiness of nanoparticle alloys which ultimately and also overall catalytic performance during the operations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anode%20catalysts" title="anode catalysts">anode catalysts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20cells" title=" fuel cells"> fuel cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=material%20informatics" title=" material informatics"> material informatics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monte%20Carlo" title=" Monte Carlo"> Monte Carlo</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80312/modeling-of-anode-catalyst-against-co-in-fuel-cell-using-material-informatics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80312.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3134</span> Requirement Engineering Within Open Source Software Development: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kars%20Beek">Kars Beek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Remco%20Groeneveld"> Remco Groeneveld</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sjaak%20Brinkkemper"> Sjaak Brinkkemper</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although there is much literature available on requirement documentation in traditional software development, few studies have been conducted about this topic in open source software development. While open-source software development is becoming more important, the software development processes are often not as structured as corporate software development processes. Papers show that communities, creating open-source software, often lack structure and documentation. However, most recent studies about this topic are often ten or more years old. Therefore, this research has been conducted to determine if the lack of structure and documentation in requirement engineering is currently still the situation in these communities. Three open-source products have been chosen as subjects for conducting this research. The data for this research was gathered based on interviews, observations, and analyses of feature proposals and issue tracking tools. In this paper, we present a comparison and an analysis of the different methods used for requirements documentation to understand the current practices of requirements documentation in open source software development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title="case study">case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20source%20software" title=" open source software"> open source software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20source%20software%20development" title=" open source software development"> open source software development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=requirement%20elicitation" title=" requirement elicitation"> requirement elicitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=requirement%20engineering" title=" requirement engineering"> requirement engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143917/requirement-engineering-within-open-source-software-development-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143917.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3133</span> Open Consent And Artificial Intelligence For Health Research in South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amy%20Gooden">Amy Gooden</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Various modes of consent have been utilized in health research, but open consent has not been explored in South Africa’s AI research context. Open consent entails the sharing of data without assurances of privacy and may be seen as an attempt to marry open science with informed consent. Because all potential uses of data are unknown, it has been questioned whether consent can be informed. Instead of trying to adapt existing modes of consent, why not adopt a new perspective? This is what open consent proposes and what this research will explore in AI health research in South Africa. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consent" title=" consent"> consent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health" title=" health"> health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=law" title=" law"> law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research" title=" research"> research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Africa" title=" South Africa"> South Africa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153433/open-consent-and-artificial-intelligence-for-health-research-in-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153433.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3132</span> Towards A Framework for Using Open Data for Accountability: A Case Study of A Program to Reduce Corruption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Darusalam">Darusalam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorish%20Hulstijn"> Jorish Hulstijn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marijn%20Janssen"> Marijn Janssen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Media has revealed a variety of corruption cases in the regional and local governments all over the world. Many governments pursued many anti-corruption reforms and have created a system of checks and balances. Three types of corruption are faced by citizens; administrative corruption, collusion and extortion. Accountability is one of the benchmarks for building transparent government. The public sector is required to report the results of the programs that have been implemented so that the citizen can judge whether the institution has been working such as economical, efficient and effective. Open Data is offering solutions for the implementation of good governance in organizations who want to be more transparent. In addition, Open Data can create transparency and accountability to the community. The objective of this paper is to build a framework of open data for accountability to combating corruption. This paper will investigate the relationship between open data, and accountability as part of anti-corruption initiatives. This research will investigate the impact of open data implementation on public organization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20data" title="open data">open data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accountability" title=" accountability"> accountability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-corruption" title=" anti-corruption"> anti-corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=framework" title=" framework"> framework</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62083/towards-a-framework-for-using-open-data-for-accountability-a-case-study-of-a-program-to-reduce-corruption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62083.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3131</span> Open Innovation Strategy (OIS) Paradigm and an OIS Capabilities Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anastasis%20D.%20Petrou">Anastasis D. Petrou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Innovation and strategy discussions do highlight open innovation as a new paradigm in business. Yet, a number of stumbling blocks in the form of closed innovation principles weaved into the fabric of a traditional business model stand in the way of the new paradigm’s momentum to increase value in various business contexts. The paper argues that businesses considering an engagement with the open innovation paradigm would need to take steps to improve their multiplicative, absorptive and relational capabilities, respectively. The needed improvements would amount to a business model evolutionary transformation and eventually bring about a paradigm overhaul in business. The transformation is worth staging over time to ensure that open innovation is developed across interconnected and partnered areas of strategic importance. This article develops an open innovation strategy (OIS) capabilities model, and employs examples from different industries to briefly discuss OIS’s potential to augment business value in a number of suggested areas for future research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=close%20innovation" title="close innovation">close innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20innovation%20paradigm" title=" open innovation paradigm"> open innovation paradigm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20innovation%20strategy%20%28OIS%29%20paradigm" title=" open innovation strategy (OIS) paradigm"> open innovation strategy (OIS) paradigm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OIS%20capabilities%20model" title=" OIS capabilities model"> OIS capabilities model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiplicative%20capability" title=" multiplicative capability"> multiplicative capability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=absorptive%20capability" title=" absorptive capability"> absorptive capability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relational%20capability" title=" relational capability"> relational capability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14432/open-innovation-strategy-ois-paradigm-and-an-ois-capabilities-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14432.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">520</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3130</span> Studies on Pesticide Usage Pattern and Farmers Knowledge on Pesticide Usage and Technologies in Open Field and Poly House Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Raghu">B. Raghu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shashi%20Vemuri"> Shashi Vemuri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ch.%20Sreenivasa%20Rao"> Ch. Sreenivasa Rao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The survey on pesticide use pattern was carried out by interviewing farmers growing chill in open fields and poly houses based on the questionnaire prepared to assess their knowledge and practices on crop cultivation, general awareness on pesticide recommendations and use. Education levels of poly house farmers are high compared to open field farmers, where 57.14% poly house farmers are high school educated, whereas 35% open field farmers are illiterates. Majority farmers use nursery of 35 days and grow in <0.5 acre poly house in summer and rabi and < 1 acre in open field during kharif. Awareness on pesticide related issues is varying among poly house and open field farmers with some commonality, where 28.57% poly house farmers know about recommended pesticides while only 10% open field farmers are aware of this issue. However, in general, all farmers contact pesticide dealer for recommendations, poly house farmers prefer to contact scientists (35.71%) and open field farmers prefer to contact agricultural officers (33.33). Most farmers are unaware about pesticide classification and toxicity symbols on packing. Farmers are aware about endosulfan ban, but only 21.42% poly house and 11.66% open field farmers know about ban of monocrotofos on vegetables. Very few farmers know about pesticide residues and related issues, but know washing helps to reduce contamination. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20field" title="open field">open field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pesticide%20usage" title=" pesticide usage"> pesticide usage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyhouses" title=" polyhouses"> polyhouses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residues%20survey" title=" residues survey"> residues survey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21476/studies-on-pesticide-usage-pattern-and-farmers-knowledge-on-pesticide-usage-and-technologies-in-open-field-and-poly-house-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21476.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3129</span> The Impact of Public Open Space System on Housing Price in Chicago</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Si%20Chen">Si Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Le%20Zhang"> Le Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xian%20He"> Xian He</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research explored the influences of public open space system on housing price through hedonic models, in order to support better open space plans and economic policies. We have three initial hypotheses: 1) public open space system has an overall positive influence on surrounding housing prices. 2) Different public open space types have different levels of influence on motivating surrounding housing prices. 3) Walking and driving accessibilities from property to public open spaces have different statistical relation with housing prices. Cook County, Illinois, was chosen to be a study area since data availability, sufficient open space types, and long-term open space preservation strategies. We considered the housing attributes, driving and walking accessibility scores from houses to nearby public open spaces, and driving accessibility scores to hospitals as influential features and used real housing sales price in 2010 as a dependent variable in the built hedonic model. Through ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis, General Moran’s I analysis and geographically weighted regression analysis, we observed the statistical relations between public open spaces and housing sale prices in the three built hedonic models and confirmed all three hypotheses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hedonic%20model" title="hedonic model">hedonic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20open%20space" title=" public open space"> public open space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20sale%20price" title=" housing sale price"> housing sale price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regression%20analysis" title=" regression analysis"> regression analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accessibility%20score" title=" accessibility score"> accessibility score</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114572/the-impact-of-public-open-space-system-on-housing-price-in-chicago" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114572.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3128</span> Rigorous Literature Review: Open Science Policy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20T.%20Svahn">E. T. Svahn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article documents how open science policy is perceived in the scientific literature globally throughout the history. It also presents what policy needs are persistent to enable safe and effective dissemination of scientific knowledge. This information may be of interest to open science and science policy makers globally, especially in the view of recent adoption of supranational open science policies such as Plan S. Evaluation of open science policy landscape is in pressing need of assessment regarding its impact on the research community and society at wide as no previous literature review has been conducted on the topic. This study is a rigorous literature review based on constructivist grounded theory method on the full body of scientific open science policy publications. Selection of these articles has been conducted in 2019 and 2020 in major global knowledge databases. Through the analysis of these articles, two key themes emerged that are seen to shape the relationship between science and society. 1st is that of the policy enabling open science in a safe and effective way, and 2nd is that of the outcome of the science policy may have on the research community and the wider society. These findings accentuate that open science policies can have a major impact on not only research process and availability of knowledge but also on society itself. As an outcome of this study, a theoretical framework is constructed, and the need for further study on open science policy itself on a higher level becomes apparent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constructivist%20grounded%20theory" title="constructivist grounded theory">constructivist grounded theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20science%20policy" title=" open science policy"> open science policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rigorous%20literature%20review" title=" rigorous literature review"> rigorous literature review</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=science%20policy" title=" science policy"> science policy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126920/rigorous-literature-review-open-science-policy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3127</span> Study of the Landslide and Stability of Open Pit Quarry: Case of Open Pite Quarry of Chouf Amar M'sila, Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saadoun%20Abd%20Errazak">Saadoun Abd Errazak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafssaoui%20Abdallah"> Hafssaoui Abdallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fredj%20Mohamed"> Fredj Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mining operations open induce risks of instability that can cause landslides and collapse at the bleachers slope. These risks may occur both during and after the operation phase. The magnitude of these risks depends on the mechanical and physical characteristics of the rock mass, the geometrical dimensions of ore bodies, their spatial arrangement, and the state of the operated area. If security and technology measures are not taken into account for this purpose, the environment will be affected. The main objective of this work is to assess these risks by analytical and numerical methods. The study is based on the geological, hydrogeological and geotechnical rock mass of the open pit quarry of Chouf Amar M'sila. The results obtained have allowed us to obtain an acceptable factor of safety and stability study of the open pit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title="stability">stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20sliding" title=" land sliding"> land sliding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20modeling" title=" numerical modeling"> numerical modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20factor" title=" safety factor"> safety factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open-pit%20quarry" title=" open-pit quarry"> open-pit quarry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48023/study-of-the-landslide-and-stability-of-open-pit-quarry-case-of-open-pite-quarry-of-chouf-amar-msila-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48023.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3126</span> Translating Ex-landfill Development Needs and Adequacy of Open Space Provision in Malaysian Urban Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Mazifah">S. Mazifah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Azahan"> A. Azahan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Kadir"> A. Kadir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to examine the relationship between the needs of ex-landfill redevelopment and the adequacy of open space provision in the context of sustainable urban development planning in Malaysia as seen from the perspective of the National Urban Policy. With a specific focus on the Action Plan DPN6 and DPN9, ex-landfill redevelopment needs and provision of open space are detailed to identify their potential and constraints in the development of sustainable cities. As a result, this paper found a link between the needs of urban ex-landfill redevelopment and approach to provide adequate urban open space. Through the proposal of the development of public park at urban ex-landfill sites, the needs of ex-landfill redevelopment and the adequacy of urban open space provision is being 'united' and translated as an approach to create a sustainable urban development in Malaysia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ex-landfill%20redevelopment" title="ex-landfill redevelopment">ex-landfill redevelopment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20spaces" title=" open spaces"> open spaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=National%20Urban%20Policy" title=" National Urban Policy"> National Urban Policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20urban%20development" title=" sustainable urban development"> sustainable urban development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9326/translating-ex-landfill-development-needs-and-adequacy-of-open-space-provision-in-malaysian-urban-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9326.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3125</span> Combined Influence of Charge Carrier Density and Temperature on Open-Circuit Voltage in Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Douglas%20Yeboah">Douglas Yeboah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monishka%20Narayan"> Monishka Narayan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jai%20Singh"> Jai Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the key parameters in determining the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) is the open-circuit voltage, however, it is still not well understood. In order to examine the performance of OSCs, it is necessary to understand the losses associated with the open-circuit voltage and how best it can be improved. Here, an analytical expression for the open-circuit voltage of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) OSCs is derived from the charge carrier densities without considering the drift-diffusion current. The open-circuit voltage thus obtained is dependent on the donor-acceptor band gap, the energy difference between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the hole quasi-Fermi level of the donor material, temperature, the carrier density (electrons), the generation rate of free charge carriers and the bimolecular recombination coefficient. It is found that open-circuit voltage increases when the carrier density increases and when the temperature decreases. The calculated results are discussed in view of experimental results and agree with them reasonably well. Overall, this work proposes an alternative pathway for improving the open-circuit voltage in BHJ OSCs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=charge%20carrier%20density" title="charge carrier density">charge carrier density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open-circuit%20voltage" title=" open-circuit voltage"> open-circuit voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20solar%20cells" title=" organic solar cells"> organic solar cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68927/combined-influence-of-charge-carrier-density-and-temperature-on-open-circuit-voltage-in-bulk-heterojunction-organic-solar-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68927.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3124</span> Conformation Prediction of Human Plasmin and Docking on Gold Nanoparticle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Shyong%20Tzou">Wen-Shyong Tzou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Ching%20Huang"> Chih-Ching Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chin-Hwa%20Hu"> Chin-Hwa Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying-Tsang%20Lo"> Ying-Tsang Lo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tun-Wen%20Pai"> Tun-Wen Pai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-Yin%20Chiang"> Chia-Yin Chiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chung-Hao%20Li"> Chung-Hao Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong-Jyuan%20Jian"> Hong-Jyuan Jian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plasmin plays an important role in the human circulatory system owing to its catalytic ability of fibrinolysis. The immediate injection of plasmin in patients of strokes has intrigued many scientists to design vectors that can transport plasmin to the desired location in human body. Here we predict the structure of human plasmin and investigate the interaction of plasmin with the gold-nanoparticle. Because the crystal structure of plasminogen has been solved, we deleted N-terminal domain (Pan-apple domain) of plasminogen and generate a mimic of the active form of this enzyme (plasmin). We conducted a simulated annealing process on plasmin and discovered a very large conformation occurs. Kringle domains 1, 4 and 5 had been observed to leave its original location relative to the main body of the enzyme and the original doughnut shape of this enzyme has been transformed to a V-shaped by opening its two arms. This observation of conformational change is consistent with the experimental results of neutron scattering and centrifugation. We subsequently docked the plasmin on the simulated gold surface to predict their interaction. The V-shaped plasmin could utilize its Kringle domain and catalytic domain to contact the gold surface. Our findings not only reveal the flexibility of plasmin structure but also provide a guide for the design of a plasmin-gold nanoparticle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=docking" title="docking">docking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gold%20nanoparticle" title=" gold nanoparticle"> gold nanoparticle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20simulation" title=" molecular simulation"> molecular simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasmin" title=" plasmin"> plasmin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21993/conformation-prediction-of-human-plasmin-and-docking-on-gold-nanoparticle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21993.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">472</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3123</span> Effect of Spirulina Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body Conformation of Two Omani Goat Breeds </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahad%20Al%20Yahyaey">Fahad Al Yahyaey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ihab%20Shaat"> Ihab Shaat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Russell%20Bush"> Russell Bush </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was conducted at the Livestock Research Centre, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Oman, on two local goat breeds (Jabbali and Sahrawi) due to their importance to Omani livestock production and food security. The Jabbali is characterized by increased growth rates and a higher twinning rate, while the Sahrawi has increased milk production. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of Spirulina supplementation on live weight (BWT), average daily gain (ADG), and body conformation measurements; chest girth (CG), wither height (WH), body length (BL), and body condition score (BCS). Thirty-six males (approximately nine-months-old and 16.44 ± 0.33 kg average of initial body weight) were used across an eleven-week study from November–February 2019-2020. Each breed was divided into three groups (n = 6/group) and fed one of three rations: (1) concentrate mixture (Control) with crude protein 14% and energy 11.97% MJ/kg DM; (2) the same concentrate feed with the addition of 2 gm /capita daily Spirulina platensis (Treatment 1) and (3) the same concentrate feed with the addition of 4 gm /capita daily Spirulina platensis (Treatment 2). Analysis of weekly data collections for all traits indicated a significant effect of feeding Spirulina on all the studied traits except WH and BL. Analysis of variance for fixed effects in this study (damage and kid birth type i.e., single, twin or triple) were not significant for all studied traits. However, the breed effect was highly significant (P < 0.001) on BWT, ADG, BCS, and CG traits. On the other hand, when the analysis was done for the treatment effect within breeds for ADG, the Sahrawi breed had a significant effect (P < 0.05) at 56.52, 85.51, and 85.50 g/day for control, treatment 1 and treatment 2, respectively. This is a 51% difference between the control and treatment 1 (2 gm /capita). Whereas for the Jabbali breed, the treatment effect was not significant for ADG (P =0.55), and the actual ADG was 104.59, 118.84, and 114.25 g/day for control, treatment 1, and treatment 2, respectively, providing a 14% difference between the control group and the treated group (4 gm /capita). These findings indicate using Spirulina supplementation in Omani goat diets is recommended at 2 gm per capita as there was no benefit in feeding at 4 gm per capita for either breed. Farmers feeding Spirulina supplementation to kids after weaning at six-months could increase their herd performance and growth rate and facilitate buck selection at an earlier age. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20conformation" title="body conformation">body conformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=goats" title=" goats"> goats</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=live%20weight" title=" live weight"> live weight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spirulina" title=" spirulina"> spirulina</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129905/effect-of-spirulina-supplementation-on-growth-performance-and-body-conformation-of-two-omani-goat-breeds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129905.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3122</span> The Potential of Public Open Space to Promote Sustainable Transportation and Reduce Dependence on Cars</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farnoosh%20Faal">Farnoosh Faal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The excessive reliance on private cars has led to a range of problems, such as traffic congestion, air pollution, and carbon emissions, which have significant impacts on public health and the environment. Public open spaces have the potential to promote sustainable transportation and reduce dependence on cars by providing alternative mobility options, including walking, cycling, and public transit. This paper examines the existing research on the relationship between public open spaces and sustainable transportation. It discusses the key design principles and planning strategies that can enhance the accessibility and safety of public open spaces, particularly for pedestrians and cyclists. The paper also explores the role of public open spaces in promoting active mobility and reducing car use in urban and suburban contexts. Finally, the paper highlights the policy and institutional barriers that hinder the integration of public open spaces with sustainable transportation systems and suggests some potential solutions to overcome these barriers. Overall, the paper argues that public open spaces have immense potential to facilitate sustainable transportation and reduce car dependence, and therefore, it is important to prioritize the development and maintenance of public open spaces as a key component of sustainable urban and regional planning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20open%20space" title="public open space">public open space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20transportation" title=" sustainable transportation"> sustainable transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20mobility" title=" active mobility"> active mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=car%20dependence" title=" car dependence"> car dependence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20and%20regional%20planning" title=" urban and regional planning"> urban and regional planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20congestion" title=" traffic congestion"> traffic congestion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163451/the-potential-of-public-open-space-to-promote-sustainable-transportation-and-reduce-dependence-on-cars" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163451.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3121</span> Development of Open Source Geospatial Certification Model Based on Geospatial Technology Competency Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanzeel%20Ur%20Rehman%20Khan">Tanzeel Ur Rehman Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franz%20Josef%20Behr"> Franz Josef Behr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phillip%20Davis"> Phillip Davis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Open source geospatial certifications are needed in geospatial technology education and industry sector. In parallel with proprietary software, free and open source software solutions become important in geospatial technology research and play an important role for the growth of the geospatial industry. ESRI, GISCI (GIS Certification Institute), ASPRS (American Society of Photogrammetry and remote sensing), and Meta spatial are offering certifications on proprietary and open source software. These are portfolio and competency based certifications depending on GIS Body of Knowledge (Bok). The analysis of these certification approaches might lead to the discovery of some gaps in them and will open a new way to develop certifications related to the geospatial open source (OS). This new certification will investigate the different geospatial competencies according to open source tools that help to identify geospatial professionals and strengthen the geospatial academic content. The goal of this research is to introduce a geospatial certification model based on geospatial technology competency model (GTCM).The developed certification will not only incorporate the importance of geospatial education and production of the geospatial competency-based workforce in universities and companies (private or public) as well as describe open source solutions with tools and technology. Job analysis, market analysis, survey analysis of this certification opens a new horizon for business as well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geospatial%20certification" title="geospatial certification">geospatial certification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20source" title=" open source"> open source</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geospatial%20technology%20competency%20model" title=" geospatial technology competency model"> geospatial technology competency model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geoscience" title=" geoscience"> geoscience</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33486/development-of-open-source-geospatial-certification-model-based-on-geospatial-technology-competency-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33486.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">566</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3120</span> Design of Open Framework Based Smart ESS Profile for PV-ESS and UPS-ESS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young-Su%20Ryu">Young-Su Ryu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Won-Gi%20Jeon"> Won-Gi Jeon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byoung-Chul%20Song"> Byoung-Chul Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-Hong%20Park"> Jae-Hong Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ki-Won%20Kwon"> Ki-Won Kwon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, an open framework based smart energy storage system (ESS) profile for photovoltaic (PV)-ESS and uninterruptible power supply (UPS)-ESS is proposed and designed. An open framework based smart ESS is designed and developed for unifying the different interfaces among manufacturers. The smart ESS operates under the profile which provides the specifications of peripheral devices such as different interfaces and to the open framework. The profile requires well systemicity and expandability for addible peripheral devices. Especially, the smart ESS should provide the expansion with existing systems such as UPS and the linkage with new renewable energy technology such as PV. This paper proposes and designs an open framework based smart ESS profile for PV-ESS and UPS-ESS. The designed profile provides the existing smart ESS and also the expandability of additional peripheral devices on smart ESS such as PV and UPS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage%20system%20%28ESS%29" title="energy storage system (ESS)">energy storage system (ESS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20framework" title=" open framework"> open framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=profile" title=" profile"> profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic%20%28PV%29" title=" photovoltaic (PV)"> photovoltaic (PV)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uninterruptible%20power%20supply%20%28UPS%29" title=" uninterruptible power supply (UPS)"> uninterruptible power supply (UPS)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68041/design-of-open-framework-based-smart-ess-profile-for-pv-ess-and-ups-ess" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68041.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">473</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20conformation&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20conformation&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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