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cell</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: fuel cell"> <meta name="keywords" content="fuel cell"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="fuel cell"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 5020</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: fuel cell</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4750</span> Study of the Effect of the Continuous Electric Field on the Rd Cancer Cell Line by Response Surface Methodology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radia%20Chemlal">Radia Chemlal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salim%20Mehenni"> Salim Mehenni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dahbia%20Leila%20Anes-boulahbal"> Dahbia Leila Anes-boulahbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Kherat"> Mohamed Kherat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabil%20Mameri"> Nabil Mameri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The application of the electric field is considered to be a very promising method in cancer therapy. Indeed, cancer cells are very sensitive to the electric field, although the cellular response is not entirely clear. The tests carried out consisted in subjecting the RD cell line under the effect of the continuous electric field while varying certain parameters (voltage, exposure time, and cell concentration). The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to assess the effect of the chosen parameters, as well as the existence of interactions between them. The results obtained showed that the voltage, the cell concentration as well as the interaction between voltage and exposure time have an influence on the mortality rate of the RD cell line. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20electric%20field" title="continuous electric field">continuous electric field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RD%20cancer%20cell%20line" title=" RD cancer cell line"> RD cancer cell line</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RSM" title=" RSM"> RSM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage" title=" voltage"> voltage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159144/study-of-the-effect-of-the-continuous-electric-field-on-the-rd-cancer-cell-line-by-response-surface-methodology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159144.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4749</span> Degradation of Irradiated UO2 Fuel Thermal Conductivity Calculated by FRAPCON Model Due to Porosity Evolution at High Burn-Up</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Roostaii">B. Roostaii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Kazeminejad"> H. Kazeminejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Khakshournia"> S. Khakshournia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The evolution of volume porosity previously obtained by using the existing low temperature high burn-up gaseous swelling model with progressive recrystallization for UO<sub>2</sub> fuel is utilized to study the degradation of irradiated UO<sub>2</sub> thermal conductivity calculated by the FRAPCON model of thermal conductivity. A porosity correction factor is developed based on the assumption that the fuel morphology is a three-phase type, consisting of the as-fabricated pores and pores due to intergranular bubbles whitin UO<sub>2</sub> matrix and solid fission products. The predicted thermal conductivity demonstrates an additional degradation of 27% due to porosity formation at burn-up levels around 120 MWd/kgU which would cause an increase in the fuel temperature accordingly. Results of the calculations are compared with available data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irradiation-induced%20recrystallization" title="irradiation-induced recrystallization">irradiation-induced recrystallization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix%20swelling" title=" matrix swelling"> matrix swelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porosity%20evolution" title=" porosity evolution"> porosity evolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UO%E2%82%82%20thermal%20conductivity" title=" UO₂ thermal conductivity"> UO₂ thermal conductivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65572/degradation-of-irradiated-uo2-fuel-thermal-conductivity-calculated-by-frapcon-model-due-to-porosity-evolution-at-high-burn-up" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65572.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4748</span> Wireless Backhauling for 5G Small Cell Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20A.%20Al%20Orainy">Abdullah A. Al Orainy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Small cell backhaul solutions need to be cost-effective, scalable, and easy to install. This paper presents an overview of small cell backhaul technologies. Wireless solutions including TV white space, satellite, sub-6 GHz radio wave, microwave and mmWave with their backhaul characteristics are discussed. Recent research on issues like beamforming, backhaul architecture, precoding and large antenna arrays, and energy efficiency for dense small cell backhaul with mmWave communications is reviewed. Recent trials of 5G technologies are summarized. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=backhaul" title="backhaul">backhaul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20cells" title=" small cells"> small cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless" title=" wireless"> wireless</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=5G" title=" 5G"> 5G</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39532/wireless-backhauling-for-5g-small-cell-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39532.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">512</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4747</span> Combustion Characteristic of Propane/Acetylene Fuel Blends Pool Fire</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yubo%20Bi">Yubo Bi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiao%20Chen"> Xiao Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shouxiang%20Lu"> Shouxiang Lu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A kind of gas-fueled burner, named Burning Rate Emulator, was proposed for the purpose of the emulation of condensed fuel recently. The gaseous fuel can be pure combustible fuel gas or blends of gaseous fuel or inert gas. However, this concept was recently proposed without detailed study on the combustion characteristic of fuel blends. In this study, two kinds of common gaseous fuels were selected, propane and acetylene, to provide the combustion heat as well as a large amount of smoke, which widely exists in liquid and solid fuel burning process. A set of experiments were carried out using a gas-fueled burner with a diameter of 8 cm. The total volume flow rate of propane and acetylene was kept at 3 liters per minute. The volume fraction of propane varied from 0% to 100% at interval of 10%. It is found that the flame height increases with propane volume fraction, which may be caused by the increase of heat release rate, as the energy density of propane is larger than that of acetylene. The dimensionless flame height is correlated against dimensionless heat release rate, which shows a power function relationship. The radiation fraction of the flame does not show a monotonic relationship with propane volume fraction. With the increase of propane volume fraction from 0% to 100%, the value of radiation fraction increases first and reach a maximum value around 0.46 at a propane volume fraction of 10%, and then decreases continuously to a value of 0.25 at the propane volume fraction of 100%. The flame radiation is related to the soot in the flame. The trend of the radiation fraction reflects that there may be a synergistic effect of soot formation between propane and acetylene which can be guessed from the significantly high radiation fraction at a propane volume fraction of 10%. This work provides data for combustion of gaseous fuel blends pool fire and also give reference on the design of Burning Rate Emulator. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burning%20Rate%20Emulator" title="Burning Rate Emulator">Burning Rate Emulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20blends%20pool%20fire" title=" fuel blends pool fire"> fuel blends pool fire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flame%20height" title=" flame height"> flame height</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20fraction" title=" radiation fraction"> radiation fraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74848/combustion-characteristic-of-propaneacetylene-fuel-blends-pool-fire" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74848.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4746</span> Modeling and Simulation of Organic Solar Cells Based on P3HT:PCBM using SCAPS 1-D (Influence of Defects and Temperature on the Performance of the Solar Cell)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Souhila%20Boukli%20Hacene">Souhila Boukli Hacene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djamila%20Kherbouche"> Djamila Kherbouche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Chikhaoui"> Abdelhak Chikhaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we elucidate theoretically the effect of defects and temperature on the performance of the organic bulk heterojunction solar cell (BHJ) P3HT: PCBM. We have studied the influence of their parameters on cell characteristics. For this purpose, we used the effective medium model and the solar cell simulator (SCAPS) to model the characteristics of the solar cell. We also explore the transport of charge carriers in the device. It was assumed that the mixture is lightly p-type doped and that the band gap contains acceptor defects near the HOMO level with a Gaussian distribution of energy states at 100 and 50 meV. We varied defects density between 1012-1017 cm-3, from 1016 cm-3, a total decrease of the photovoltaic characteristics due to the increase of the non-radiative recombination can be noticed. Then we studied the effect of variation of the electron and the hole capture cross-section on the cell’s performance, we noticed that the cell obtains a better efficiency of about 3.6% for an electron capture cross section ≤ 10-15 cm2 and a hole capture cross section ≤ 10-19 cm2. On the other hand, we also varied the temperature between 120K and 400K. We observed that the temperature of the solar cell induces a noticeable effect on its voltage. While the effect of temperature on the solar cell current is negligible. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20solar%20cell" title="organic solar cell">organic solar cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P3HT%3APCBM" title=" P3HT:PCBM"> P3HT:PCBM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defects" title=" defects"> defects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCAPS" title=" SCAPS"> SCAPS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164758/modeling-and-simulation-of-organic-solar-cells-based-on-p3htpcbm-using-scaps-1-d-influence-of-defects-and-temperature-on-the-performance-of-the-solar-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164758.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4745</span> Analysis of the Detachment of Water Droplets from a Porous Fibrous Surface </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Rassoul">Ibrahim Rassoul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E-K.%20Si%20Ahmed"> E-K. Si Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The growth, deformation, and detachment of fluid droplets adherent to solid substrates is a problem of fundamental interest with numerous practical applications. Specific interest in this proposal is the problem of a droplet on a fibrous, hydrophobic substrate subjected to body or external forces (gravity, convection). The past decade has seen tremendous advances in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology. However, there remain many challenges to bring commercially viable stationary PEMFC products to the market. PEMFCs are increasingly emerging as a viable alternative clean power source for automobile and stationary applications. Before PEMFCs can be employed to power automobiles and homes, several key technical challenges must be properly addressed. One technical challenge is elucidating the mechanisms underlying water transport in and removal from PEMFCs. On the one hand, sufficient water is needed in the polymer electrolyte membrane or PEM to maintain sufficiently high proton conductivity. On the other hand, too much liquid water present in the cathode can cause 'flooding' (that is, pore space is filled with excessive liquid water) and hinder the transport of the oxygen reactant from the gas flow channel (GFC) to the three-phase reaction sites. The aim of this work is to investigate the stability of a liquid water droplet emerging form a GDL pore, to gain fundamental insight into the instability process leading to detachment. The approach will combine analytical and numerical modeling with experimental visualization and measurements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20electrolyte%20fuel%20cell" title="polymer electrolyte fuel cell">polymer electrolyte fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20droplet" title=" water droplet"> water droplet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20diffusion%20layer" title=" gas diffusion layer"> gas diffusion layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contact%20angle" title=" contact angle"> contact angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20tension" title=" surface tension"> surface tension</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1951/analysis-of-the-detachment-of-water-droplets-from-a-porous-fibrous-surface" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1951.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4744</span> Resistive Switching in TaN/AlNx/TiN Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsin-Ping%20Huang">Hsin-Ping Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shyankay%20Jou"> Shyankay Jou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Resistive switching of aluminum nitride (AlNx) thin film was demonstrated in a TaN/AlNx/TiN memory cell that was prepared by sputter deposition techniques. The memory cell showed bipolar switching of resistance between +3.5 V and –3.5 V. The resistance ratio of high resistance state (HRS) to low resistance state (HRS), RHRS/RLRS, was about 2 over 100 cycles of endurance test. Both the LRS and HRS of the memory cell exhibited ohmic conduction at low voltages and Poole-Frenkel emission at high voltages. The electrical conduction in the TaN/AlNx/TiN memory cell was possibly attributed to the interactions between charges and defects in the AlNx film. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum%20nitride" title="aluminum nitride">aluminum nitride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonvolatile%20memory" title=" nonvolatile memory"> nonvolatile memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistive%20switching" title=" resistive switching"> resistive switching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20films" title=" thin films"> thin films</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7604/resistive-switching-in-tanalnxtin-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7604.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4743</span> Estimation of Fuel Cost Function Characteristics Using Cuckoo Search</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Al-Rashidi">M. R. Al-Rashidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20M.%20El-Naggar"> K. M. El-Naggar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20F.%20Al-Hajri"> M. F. Al-Hajri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The fuel cost function describes the electric power generation-cost relationship in thermal plants, hence, it sheds light on economical aspects of power industry. Different models have been proposed to describe this relationship with the quadratic function model being the most popular one. Parameters of second order fuel cost function are estimated in this paper using cuckoo search algorithm. It is a new population based meta-heuristic optimization technique that has been used in this study primarily as an accurate estimation tool. Its main features are flexibility, simplicity, and effectiveness when compared to other estimation techniques. The parameter estimation problem is formulated as an optimization one with the goal being minimizing the error associated with the estimated parameters. A case study is considered in this paper to illustrate cuckoo search promising potential as a valuable estimation and optimization technique. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cuckoo%20search" title="cuckoo search">cuckoo search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parameters%20estimation" title=" parameters estimation"> parameters estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20cost%20function" title=" fuel cost function"> fuel cost function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20dispatch" title=" economic dispatch"> economic dispatch</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25377/estimation-of-fuel-cost-function-characteristics-using-cuckoo-search" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">581</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4742</span> CFD Analysis of Ammonia/Hydrogen Combustion Performance under Partially Premixed and Non-premixed Modes with Varying Inlet Characteristics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Alekxandra%20B.%20Sison">Maria Alekxandra B. Sison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reginald%20C.%20Mallare"> Reginald C. Mallare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Albert%20M.%20Mendoza"> Joseph Albert M. Mendoza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ammonia (NH₃) is the alternative carbon-free fuel of the future for its promising applications. Investigations on NH₃-fuel blends recommend using hydrogen (H₂) to increase the heating value of NH3, promote combustion performance, and improve NOx efflux mitigation. To further examine the effects of this concept, the study analyzed the combustion performance, in terms of turbulence, combustion efficiency (CE), and NOx emissions, of NH3/fuel with variations of combustor diameter ratio, H2 fuel mole fraction, and fuel mass flow rate (ṁ). The simulations were performed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling to represent a non-premixed (NP) and partially premixed (PP) combustion under a two-dimensional ultra-low NOx Rich-Burn, Quick-Quench, Lean-Burn (RQL) combustor. Governed by the Detached Eddy Simulation model, it was found that the diameter ratio greatly affects the turbulence in PP and NP mode, whereas ṁ in PP should be prioritized when increasing CE. The NOx emission is minimal during PP combustion, but NP combustion suggested modifying ṁ to achieve higher CE and Reynolds number without sacrificing the NO generation from the reaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combustion%20efficiency" title="combustion efficiency">combustion efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulence" title=" turbulence"> turbulence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-stage%20combustor" title=" dual-stage combustor"> dual-stage combustor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NOx%20emission" title=" NOx emission"> NOx emission</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174237/cfd-analysis-of-ammoniahydrogen-combustion-performance-under-partially-premixed-and-non-premixed-modes-with-varying-inlet-characteristics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174237.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">104</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4741</span> Assessment of Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Consumption from Means of Transport in Agriculture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jerzy%20Merkisz">Jerzy Merkisz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piotr%20Lijewski"> Piotr Lijewski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Fuc"> Pawel Fuc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maciej%20Siedlecki"> Maciej Siedlecki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrzej%20Ziolkowski"> Andrzej Ziolkowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylwester%20Weymann"> Sylwester Weymann</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper discusses the problem of load transport using farm tractors and road tractor units. This type of carriage of goods is often done with farm vehicles. The tests were performed with the PEMS equipment (Portable Emission Measurement System) under actual traffic conditions. The vehicles carried a load of 20000 kg. This research method is one of the most desired because it provides reliable information on the actual vehicle emissions and fuel consumption (carbon balance method). For the tests, a route was selected that simulated a trip from a small town to a food-processing facility located in a city. The analysis of the obtained results gave a clear answer as to what vehicles need to be used for the carriage of this type of cargo in terms of exhaust emissions and fuel consumption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emission" title="emission">emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transport" title=" transport"> transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20consumption" title=" fuel consumption"> fuel consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PEMS" title=" PEMS"> PEMS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30883/assessment-of-exhaust-emissions-and-fuel-consumption-from-means-of-transport-in-agriculture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30883.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">529</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4740</span> Fuel Economy of Electrical Energy in the City Bus during Japanese Test Procedure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piotr%20Kacejko">Piotr Kacejko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lukasz%20Grabowski"> Lukasz Grabowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zdzislaw%20Kaminski"> Zdzislaw Kaminski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses a model of fuel consumption and on-board electricity generation. Rapid changes in speed result in a constantly changing kinetic energy accumulated in a bus mass and an increased fuel consumption due to hardly recuperated kinetic energy. The model is based on the results achieved from chassis dynamometer, airport and city street researches. The verified model was applied to simulate the on-board electricity generation during the Japanese JE05 Emission Test Cycle. The simulations were performed for several values of vehicle mass and electrical load applied to on-board devices. The research results show that driving dynamics has an impact on a consumption of fuel to drive alternators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=city%20bus" title="city bus">city bus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20duty%20vehicle" title=" heavy duty vehicle"> heavy duty vehicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Japanese%20JE05%20test%20cycle" title=" Japanese JE05 test cycle"> Japanese JE05 test cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20generation" title=" power generation"> power generation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81532/fuel-economy-of-electrical-energy-in-the-city-bus-during-japanese-test-procedure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81532.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4739</span> Theoretical Analysis of Graded Interface CdS/CIGS Solar Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassane%20Ben%20Slimane">Hassane Ben Slimane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dennai%20Benmoussa"> Dennai Benmoussa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abderrachid%20Helmaoui"> Abderrachid Helmaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We have theoretically calculated the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of a graded interface CdS/CIGS solar cell, which can be experimentally fabricated. Because the conduction band discontinuity or spike in an abrupt heterojunction CdS/CIGS solar cell can hinder the separation of hole-electron by electric field, a graded interface layer is uses to eliminate the spike and reduces recombination in space charge region. This paper describes the role of the graded band gap interface layer in decreasing the performance of the heterojunction cell. By optimizing the thickness of the graded region, an improvement of conversion efficiency has been observed in comparison to the conventional CIGS system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterojunction" title="heterojunction">heterojunction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20cell" title=" solar cell"> solar cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graded%20interface" title=" graded interface"> graded interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CIGS" title=" CIGS "> CIGS </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20359/theoretical-analysis-of-graded-interface-cdscigs-solar-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4738</span> Environmental Sustainability: A Renewable Energy Prospect with a Biofuel Alternative</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abul%20Quasem%20Al-Amin">Abul Quasem Al-Amin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Hasanuzzaman"> Md. Hasanuzzaman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Nurul%20Azam"> Mohammad Nurul Azam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Walter%20Leal%20Filho"> Walter Leal Filho </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With regard to the future energy strategy and vision, this study aimed to find the drawbacks of proposed energy diversification policy for 2020. To have a clear picture of the drawback and competitive alternative, this study has explored two scenarios, namely Scenario a and Scenario b. The Scenario a indicates that in the year 2020 the GHG emissions would be 823,498.00 million tons (Mt) with a 2020 final demand and proposed fuel mix such as by the Five-Fuel Diversification Strategy. In contrast, as an alternative, the Scenario b with biofuel potentials indicates that the substitution of coal energy by 5%, 10%, and 15%, respectively, with biofuel, would reduce the GHG emissions from 374,551.00, 405,118.00, and 823,498.00 million tons to 339,964.00, 329,834.00, and 305,288.00 million tons, respectively, by the present fuel mix, business-as-usual fuel mix, and proposed fuel mix up to the year 2020. Therefore, this study has explored a healthy alternative by introducing biofuel renewable energy option instead of conventional energy utilization in the power generation with environmental aspect in minds. This study effort would lessen the gap between GHG mitigation and future sustainable development and would useful to formulate effective renewable energy strategy in Malaysia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title="energy">energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20impacts" title=" environmental impacts"> environmental impacts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofuel" title=" biofuel"> biofuel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20policy" title=" energy policy "> energy policy </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18495/environmental-sustainability-a-renewable-energy-prospect-with-a-biofuel-alternative" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4737</span> Structure of Turbulence Flow in the Wire-Wrappes Fuel Assemblies of BREST-OD-300</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitry%20V.%20Fomichev">Dmitry V. Fomichev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20I.%20Solonin"> Vladimir I. Solonin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, experimental and numerical study of hydrodynamic characteristics of the air coolant flow in the test wire-wrapped assembly is presented. The test assembly has 37 rods, which are similar to the real fuel pins of the BREST-OD-300 fuel assemblies geometrically. Air open loop test facility installed at the “Nuclear Power Plants and Installations” department of BMSTU was used to obtain the experimental data. The obtaining altitudinal distribution of static pressure in the near-wall test assembly as well as velocity and temperature distribution of coolant flow in the test sections can give us some new knowledge about the mechanism of formation of the turbulence flow structure in the wire wrapped fuel assemblies. Numerical simulations of the turbulence flow has been accomplished using ANSYS Fluent 14.5. Different non-local turbulence models have been considered, such as standard and RNG k-e models and k-w SST model. Results of numerical simulations of the flow based on the considered turbulence models give the best agreement with the experimental data and help us to carry out strong analysis of flow characteristics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wire-spaces%20fuel%20assembly" title="wire-spaces fuel assembly">wire-spaces fuel assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulent%20flow%20structure" title=" turbulent flow structure"> turbulent flow structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computation%20fluid%20dynamics" title=" computation fluid dynamics"> computation fluid dynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19315/structure-of-turbulence-flow-in-the-wire-wrappes-fuel-assemblies-of-brest-od-300" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19315.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4736</span> A Study on Removal of SO3 in Flue Gas Generated from Power Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Y.%20Jo">E. Y. Jo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Park"> S. M. Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20S.%20Yeo"> I. S. Yeo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20K.%20Kim"> K. K. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20J.%20Park"> S. J. Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20K.%20Kim"> Y. K. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20D.%20Kim"> Y. D. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20G.%20Park"> C. G. Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> SO3 is created in small quantities during the combustion of fuel that contains sulfur, with the quantity produced a function of the boiler design, fuel sulfur content, excess air level, and the presence of oxidizing agents. Typically, about 1% of the fuel sulfur will be oxidized to SO3, but it can range from 0.5% to 1.5% depending on various factors. Combustion of fuels that contain oxidizing agents, such as certain types of fuel oil or petroleum coke, can result in even higher levels of oxidation. SO3 levels in the flue gas emitted by combustion are very high, which becomes a cause of machinery corrosion or a visible blue plume. Because of that, power plants firing petroleum residues need to installation of SO3 removal system. In this study, SO3 removal system using salt solution was developed and several salts solutions were tested for obtain optimal solution for SO3 removal system. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the operation parameters such as gas-liquid ratio, concentration of salts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flue%20gas%20desulfurization" title="flue gas desulfurization">flue gas desulfurization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=petroleum%20cokes" title=" petroleum cokes"> petroleum cokes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sulfur%20trioxide" title=" Sulfur trioxide"> Sulfur trioxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SO3%20removal" title=" SO3 removal"> SO3 removal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18701/a-study-on-removal-of-so3-in-flue-gas-generated-from-power-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18701.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">521</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4735</span> Physicochemical Characterization of Low Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone/ Layered Double Hydroxide/Sepiolite Hybrid to Improve the Performance of Sulfonated Poly Ether Ether Ketone Composite Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakaria%20Ahmed">Zakaria Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Charradi"> Khaled Charradi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sherif%20M.%20A.%20S.%20%20Keshk"> Sherif M. A. S. Keshk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radhouane%20Chtourou"> Radhouane Chtourou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sulfonated poly ether ether ketone (SPEEK) with a low sulfonation degree was blended using nanofiller Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH, Mg2AlCl) /sepiolite nanostructured material as additive to use as an electrolyte membrane for fuel cell application. Characterization assessments, i.e., mechanical stability, thermal gravimetric analysis, ion exchange capability, swelling properties, water uptake capacities, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of the composite membranes were conducted. The presence of LDH/sepiolite nanoarchitecture material within SPEEK was found to have the highest water retention and proton conductivity value at high temperature rather than LDH/SPEEK and pristine SPEEK membranes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SPEEK" title="SPEEK">SPEEK</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sepiolite%20clay" title=" sepiolite clay"> sepiolite clay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LDH%20clay" title=" LDH clay"> LDH clay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proton%20exchange%20membrane" title=" proton exchange membrane"> proton exchange membrane</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132896/physicochemical-characterization-of-low-sulfonated-polyether-ether-ketone-layered-double-hydroxidesepiolite-hybrid-to-improve-the-performance-of-sulfonated-poly-ether-ether-ketone-composite-membranes-for-proton-exchange-membrane-fuel-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132896.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4734</span> Effects of the Ambient Temperature and the Defect Density on the Performance the Solar Cell (HIT)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouzaki%20Mohammed%20Moustafa">Bouzaki Mohammed Moustafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benyoucef%20Boumediene"> Benyoucef Boumediene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benouaz%20Tayeb"> Benouaz Tayeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benhamou%20Amina"> Benhamou Amina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ambient temperature and the defects density in the Hetero-junction with Intrinsic Thin layers solar cells (HIT) strongly influence their performances. In first part, we presented the bands diagram on the front/back simulated solar cell based on a-Si: H / c-Si (p)/a-Si:h. In another part, we modeled the following layers structure: ZnO/a-Si:H(n)/a-Si:H(i)/c-Si(p)/a-Si:H(p)/Ag where we studied the effect of the ambient temperature and the defects density in the gap of the crystalline silicon layer on the performance of the heterojunction solar cell with intrinsic layer (HIT). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterojunction%20solar%20cell" title="heterojunction solar cell">heterojunction solar cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20cell%20performance" title=" solar cell performance"> solar cell performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bands%20diagram" title=" bands diagram"> bands diagram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ambient%20temperature" title=" ambient temperature"> ambient temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defect%20density" title=" defect density "> defect density </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21496/effects-of-the-ambient-temperature-and-the-defect-density-on-the-performance-the-solar-cell-hit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21496.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">507</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4733</span> High Temperature Oxidation of Cr-Steel Interconnects in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Ghali">Saeed Ghali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azza%20Ahmed"> Azza Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taha%20Mattar"> Taha Mattar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is a promising solution for the energy resources leakage. Ferritic stainless steel becomes a suitable candidate for the SOFCs interconnects due to the recent advancements. Different steel alloys were designed to satisfy the needed characteristics in SOFCs interconnect as conductivity, thermal expansion and corrosion resistance. Refractory elements were used as alloying elements to satisfy the needed properties. The oxidation behaviour of the developed alloys was studied where the samples were heated for long time period at the maximum operating temperature to simulate the real working conditions. The formed scale and oxidized surface were investigated by SEM. Microstructure examination was carried out for some selected steel grades. The effect of alloying elements on the behaviour of the proposed interconnects material and the performance during the working conditions of the cells are explored and discussed. Refractory metals alloying of chromium steel seems to satisfy the needed characteristics in metallic interconnects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SOFCs" title="SOFCs">SOFCs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cr-steel" title=" Cr-steel"> Cr-steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interconnects" title=" interconnects"> interconnects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidation" title=" oxidation"> oxidation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67075/high-temperature-oxidation-of-cr-steel-interconnects-in-solid-oxide-fuel-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67075.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4732</span> The Effect of Hydrogen on Performance and Emissions of a Methanol Si-Engine at Part Load</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junaid%20Bin%20Aamir">Junaid Bin Aamir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ma%20Fanhua"> Ma Fanhua</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Methanol and hydrogen are the most suitable alternative fuel resources for the existing and future internal combustion engines. This paper experimentally examined the effects of hydrogen addition on the performance and emission characteristics of a spark-ignition engine fueled with methanol at part load conditions. The experiments were carried out for various engine speeds and loads. Hydrogen-rich syngas was used to enhance the performance of the test engine. It was formed by catalytic dissociation of methanol itself, and volumetric hydrogen fraction in syngas was about 67%. A certain amount of syngas dissociated from methanol was injected into the intake manifold in each engine cycle, and the low heating value (LHV) of hydrogen-rich syngas used was 4% of methanol in each cycle. Both the fuels were injected separately using port fuel injectors. The results showed that brake thermal efficiency of the engine was enhanced by 3-5% with hydrogen addition, while brake specific fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperature were reduced. There was a significant reduction (90-95%) in THC and (35-50%) in CO emissions at the exhaust. NOx emissions from hydrogen blended methanol increased slightly (10-15%), but they can be reduced by using lean fuel-air mixture to keep the cylinder temperature low. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen" title="hydrogen">hydrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methanol" title=" methanol"> methanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20fuel" title=" alternative fuel"> alternative fuel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emissions" title=" emissions"> emissions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spark%20ignition%20engines" title=" spark ignition engines"> spark ignition engines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123060/the-effect-of-hydrogen-on-performance-and-emissions-of-a-methanol-si-engine-at-part-load" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123060.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4731</span> Epigenomic Analysis of Lgr5+ Stem Cells in Gastrointestinal Tract</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyo-Min%20Kim">Hyo-Min Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seokjin%20Ham"> Seokjin Ham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mi-Joung%20Yoo"> Mi-Joung Yoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minseon%20Kim"> Minseon Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae-Young%20Roh"> Tae-Young Roh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The gastrointestinal (GI) tract of most animals, including murine, is highly compartmentalized epithelia which also provide distinct different functions of its own tissue. Nevertheless, these epithelia share certain characteristics that enhance immune responses to infections and maintain the barrier function of the intestine. GI tract epithelia also undergo regeneration not only in homeostatic conditions but also in a response to the damage. A full turnover of the murine gastrointestinal epithelium occurs every 4-5 day, a process that is regulated and maintained by a minor population of Lgr5+ adult stem cell that commonly conserved in the bottom of crypts through GI tract. Maintenance of the stem cell is somehow regulated by epigenetic factors according to recent studies. Chromatin vacancy, remodelers, histone variants and histone modifiers could affect adult stem cell fate. In this study, Lgr5-EGFP reporter mouse was used to take advantage of exploring the epigenetic dynamics among Lgr5 positive mutual stem cell in GI tract. Cells were isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), gene expression levels, chromatin accessibility changes and histone modifications were analyzed. Some notable chromatin structural related epigenetic variants were detected. To identify the overall cell-cell interaction inside the stem cell niche, an extensive genome-wide analysis should be also followed. According to the results, nevertheless, we expected a broader understanding of cellular niche maintaining stem cells and epigenetic barriers through conserved stem cell in GI tract. We expect that our study could provide more evidence of adult stem cell plasticity and more chances to understand each stem cell that takes parts in certain organs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adult%20stem%20cell" title="adult stem cell">adult stem cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epigenetics" title=" epigenetics"> epigenetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LGR5%20stem%20cell" title=" LGR5 stem cell"> LGR5 stem cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gastrointestinal%20tract" title=" gastrointestinal tract"> gastrointestinal tract</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84885/epigenomic-analysis-of-lgr5-stem-cells-in-gastrointestinal-tract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84885.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4730</span> Modelling and Optimization Analysis of Silicon/MgZnO-CBTSSe Tandem Solar Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vallisree%20Sivathanu">Vallisree Sivathanu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kumaraswamidhas%20Lakshmi%20Annamalai"> Kumaraswamidhas Lakshmi Annamalai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trupti%20Ranjan%20Lenka"> Trupti Ranjan Lenka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report a tandem solar cell model with Silicon as the bottom cell absorber material and Cu₂BaSn(S, Se)₄(CBTSSe) as absorber material for the top cell. As a first step, the top and bottom cells were modelled and validated by comparison with the experiment. Once the individual cells are validated, then the tandem structure is modelled with Indium Tin Oxide(ITO) as conducting layer between the top and bottom cells. The tandem structure yielded better open circuit voltage and fill factor; however, the efficiency obtained is 7.01%. The top cell and the bottom cells are investigated with the help of electron-hole current density, photogeneration rate, and external quantum efficiency profiles. In order to minimize the various loss mechanisms in the tandem solar cell, the material parameters are optimized within experimentally achievable limits. Initially, the top cell optimization was carried out; then, the bottom cell is optimized for maximizing the light absorption, and upon minimizing the current and photon losses in the tandem structure, the maximum achievable efficiency is predicted to be 19.52%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CBTSSe" title="CBTSSe">CBTSSe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon" title=" silicon"> silicon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tandem" title=" tandem"> tandem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20cell" title=" solar cell"> solar cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=device%20modeling" title=" device modeling"> device modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=current%20losses" title=" current losses"> current losses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photon%20losses" title=" photon losses"> photon losses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177529/modelling-and-optimization-analysis-of-siliconmgzno-cbtsse-tandem-solar-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177529.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4729</span> An Improved Circulating Tumor Cells Analysis Method for Identifying Tumorous Blood Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salvador%20Garcia%20Bernal">Salvador Garcia Bernal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chi%20Zheng"> Chi Zheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keqi%20Zhang"> Keqi Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Mao"> Lei Mao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC) is used to detect tumoral cell metastases using blood samples of patients with cancer (lung, breast, etc.). Using an immunofluorescent method a three channel image (Red, Green, and Blue) are obtained. These set of images usually overpass the 11 x 30 M pixels in size. An aided tool is designed for imaging cell analysis to segmented and identify the tumorous cell based on the three markers signals. Our Method, it is cell-based (area and cell shape) considering each channel information and extracting and making decisions if it is a valid CTC. The system also gives information about number and size of tumor cells found in the sample. We present results in real-life samples achieving acceptable performance in identifying CTCs in short time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Circulating%20Tumor%20Cells%20%28CTC%29" title="Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC)">Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20analysis" title=" cell analysis"> cell analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunofluorescent" title=" immunofluorescent"> immunofluorescent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20image%20analysis" title=" medical image analysis"> medical image analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81401/an-improved-circulating-tumor-cells-analysis-method-for-identifying-tumorous-blood-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">214</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4728</span> Iron Catalyst for Decomposition of Methane: Influence of Al/Si Ratio Support</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20S.%20Al-Fatesh">A. S. Al-Fatesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Ibrahim"> A. A. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20AlSharekh"> A. M. AlSharekh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20S.%20Alqahtani"> F. S. Alqahtani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20O.%20Kasim"> S. O. Kasim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20H.%20Fakeeha"> A. H. Fakeeha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydrogen is the expected future fuel since it produces energy without any pollution. It can be used as a fuel directly or through the fuel cell. It is also used in chemical and petrochemical industry as reducing agent or in hydrogenation processes. It is produced by different methods such as reforming of hydrocarbon, electrolytic method and methane decomposition. The objective of the present paper is to study the decomposition of methane reaction at 700°C and 800°C. The catalysts were prepared via impregnation method using 20%Fe and different proportions of combined alumina and silica support using the following ratios [100%, 90%, 80%, and 0% Al₂O₃/SiO₂]. The prepared catalysts were calcined and activated at 600 OC and 500 OC respectively. The reaction was carried out in fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure using 0.3g of catalyst and feed gas ratio of 1.5/1 CH₄/N₂ with a total flow rate 25 mL/min. Catalyst characterizations (TPR, TGA, BET, XRD, etc.) have been employed to study the behavior of catalysts before and after the reaction. Moreover, a brief description of the weight loss and the CH₄ conversions versus time on stream relating the different support ratios over 20%Fe/Al₂O₃/SiO₂ catalysts has been added as well. The results of TGA analysis provided higher weights losses for catalysts operated at 700°C than 800°C. For the 90% Al₂O₃/SiO₂, the activity decreases with the time on stream using 800°C reaction temperature from 73.9% initial CH₄ conversion to 46.3% for a period of 300min, whereas the activity for the same catalyst increases from 47.1% to 64.8% when 700°C reaction temperature is employed. Likewise, for 80% Al₂O₃/SiO₂ the trend of activity is similar to that of 90% Al₂O₃/SiO₂ but with a different rate of activity variation. It can be inferred from the activity results that the ratio of Al₂O₃ to SiO₂ is crucial and it is directly proportional with the activity. Whenever the Al/Si ratio decreases the activity declines. Indeed, the CH₄ conversion of 100% SiO₂ support was less than 5%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al%E2%82%82O%E2%82%83" title="Al₂O₃">Al₂O₃</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SiO%E2%82%82" title=" SiO₂"> SiO₂</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CH%E2%82%84%20decomposition" title=" CH₄ decomposition"> CH₄ decomposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen" title=" hydrogen"> hydrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron" title=" iron "> iron </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88020/iron-catalyst-for-decomposition-of-methane-influence-of-alsi-ratio-support" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88020.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4727</span> Assessing Transition to Renewable Energy for Transportation in Indonesia through Drop-in Biofuel Utilization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maslan%20Lamria">Maslan Lamria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ralph%20E.%20H.%20Sims"> Ralph E. H. Sims</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatang%20H.%20Soerawidjaja"> Tatang H. Soerawidjaja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In increasing its self-sufficiency on transportation fuel, Indonesia is currently developing commercial production and use of drop-in biofuel (DBF) from vegetable oil. To maximize the level of success, it is necessary to get insights on how the implementation would develop as well as any important factors. This study assessed the dynamics of transition from existing fossil fuel system to a renewable fuel system, which involves the transition from existing biodiesel to projected DBF. A systems dynamics approach was applied and a model developed to simulate the dynamics of liquid biofuel transition. The use of palm oil feedstock was taken as a case study to assess the projected DBF implementation by 2045. The set of model indicators include liquid fuel self-sufficiency, liquid biofuel share, foreign exchange savings and green-house gas emissions reduction. The model outputs showed that supports on DBF investment and use play an important role in the transition progress. Given assumptions which include application of a maximum level of supports over time, liquid fuel self-sufficiency would be still unfulfilled in which palm biofuel contribution is 0.2. Thus, other types of feedstock such as algae and oil feedstock from marginal lands need to be developed synergically. Regarding support on DBF use, this study recommended that removal of fossil subsidy would be necessary prior to applying a carbon tax policy effectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofuel" title="biofuel">biofuel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drop-in%20biofuel" title=" drop-in biofuel"> drop-in biofuel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20transition" title=" energy transition"> energy transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20fuel" title=" liquid fuel"> liquid fuel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135533/assessing-transition-to-renewable-energy-for-transportation-in-indonesia-through-drop-in-biofuel-utilization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135533.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4726</span> Nuclear Fuel Safety Threshold Determined by Logistic Regression Plus Uncertainty</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20S.%20Gomes">D. S. Gomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20T.%20Silva"> A. T. Silva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Analysis of the uncertainty quantification related to nuclear safety margins applied to the nuclear reactor is an important concept to prevent future radioactive accidents. The nuclear fuel performance code may involve the tolerance level determined by traditional deterministic models producing acceptable results at burn cycles under 62 GWd/MTU. The behavior of nuclear fuel can simulate applying a series of material properties under irradiation and physics models to calculate the safety limits. In this study, theoretical predictions of nuclear fuel failure under transient conditions investigate extended radiation cycles at 75 GWd/MTU, considering the behavior of fuel rods in light-water reactors under reactivity accident conditions. The fuel pellet can melt due to the quick increase of reactivity during a transient. Large power excursions in the reactor are the subject of interest bringing to a treatment that is known as the Fuchs-Hansen model. The point kinetic neutron equations show similar characteristics of non-linear differential equations. In this investigation, the multivariate logistic regression is employed to a probabilistic forecast of fuel failure. A comparison of computational simulation and experimental results was acceptable. The experiments carried out use the pre-irradiated fuels rods subjected to a rapid energy pulse which exhibits the same behavior during a nuclear accident. The propagation of uncertainty utilizes the Wilk's formulation. The variables chosen as essential to failure prediction were the fuel burnup, the applied peak power, the pulse width, the oxidation layer thickness, and the cladding type. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logistic%20regression" title="logistic regression">logistic regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactivity-initiated%20accident" title=" reactivity-initiated accident"> reactivity-initiated accident</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20margins" title=" safety margins"> safety margins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty%20propagation" title=" uncertainty propagation"> uncertainty propagation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65731/nuclear-fuel-safety-threshold-determined-by-logistic-regression-plus-uncertainty" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65731.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4725</span> Significant Reduction in Specific CO₂ Emission through Process Optimization at G Blast Furnace, Tata Steel Jamshedpur</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shoumodip%20Roy">Shoumodip Roy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ankit%20Singhania"> Ankit Singhania</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20K.%20G.%20Choudhury"> M. K. G. Choudhury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Santanu%20Mallick"> Santanu Mallick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20K.%20Agarwal"> M. K. Agarwal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20V.%20Ramna"> R. V. Ramna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uttam%20Singh"> Uttam Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the key corporate goals of Tata Steel company is to demonstrate Environment Leadership. Decreasing specific CO₂ emission is one of the key steps to achieve the stated corporate goal. At any Blast Furnace, specific CO₂ emission is directly proportional to fuel intake. To reduce the fuel intake at G Blast Furnace, an initial benchmarking exercise was carried out with international and domestic Blast Furnaces to determine the potential for improvement. The gap identified during the exercise revealed that the benchmark Blast Furnaces operated with superior raw material quality than that in G Blast Furnace. However, since the raw materials to G Blast Furnace are sourced from the captive mines, improvement in the raw material quality was out of scope. Therefore, trials were taken with different operating regimes, to identify the key process parameters, which on optimization could significantly reduce the fuel intake in G Blast Furnace. The key process parameters identified from the trial were the Stoichiometric Oxygen Ratio, Melting Capacity ratio and the burden distribution inside the furnace. These identified process parameters were optimized to bridge the gap in fuel intake at G Blast Furnace, thereby reducing specific CO₂ emission to benchmark levels. This paradigm shift enabled to lower the fuel intake by 70kg per ton of liquid iron produced, thereby reducing the specific CO₂ emission by 15 percent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benchmark" title="benchmark">benchmark</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blast%20furnace" title=" blast furnace"> blast furnace</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20emission" title=" CO₂ emission"> CO₂ emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20rate" title=" fuel rate"> fuel rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74952/significant-reduction-in-specific-co2-emission-through-process-optimization-at-g-blast-furnace-tata-steel-jamshedpur" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74952.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4724</span> An Audit of the Process of Care in Surveillance Services for Children with Sickle Cell Disease in Wales</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charlie%20Jeffkins">Charlie Jeffkins</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sickle cell disease is a serious life-limiting condition which can reduce the quality of life for many patients. Public Health England (PHE), in partnership with the Sickle Cell Society (SCS), has created guidelines to prevent severe complications from sickle cell disease. Data was collected from Children’s Hospital for Wales between 15/03/21-26/03/21. Methods: A manual search of patient records for children under the care of Rocket Ward and a key term search of online records was used. Results: Penicillin prophylaxis was given at 90 days for 89%, 77% of TCDs scans were done at 2-3 years, and 72% have had a scan in the last year. 53% of patients have had discussions about hydroxycarbamide, whilst 65% have started it. PPV vaccination was documented for 19%. Conclusion: Overall, none of the four standards were reached; however, TCD uptake has improved. There is a need for better documentation of treatment and annual re-audits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paediatric" title="paediatric">paediatric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=haematology" title=" haematology"> haematology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sickle%20cell" title=" sickle cell"> sickle cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=audit" title=" audit"> audit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142056/an-audit-of-the-process-of-care-in-surveillance-services-for-children-with-sickle-cell-disease-in-wales" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142056.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4723</span> Cytogenetic Characterization of the VERO Cell Line Based on Comparisons with the Subline; Implication for Authorization and Quality Control of Animal Cell Lines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fumio%20Kasai">Fumio Kasai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noriko%20Hirayama"> Noriko Hirayama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorge%20Pereira"> Jorge Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azusa%20Ohtani"> Azusa Ohtani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masashi%20Iemura"> Masashi Iemura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malcolm%20A.%20Ferguson%20Smith"> Malcolm A. Ferguson Smith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arihiro%20Kohara"> Arihiro Kohara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The VERO cell line was established in 1962 from normal tissue of an African green monkey, Chlorocebus aethiops (2n=60), and has been commonly used worldwide for screening for toxins or as a cell substrate for the production of viral vaccines. The VERO genome was sequenced in 2014; however, its cytogenetic features have not been fully characterized as it contains several chromosome abnormalities and different karyotypes coexist in the cell line. In this study, the VERO cell line (JCRB0111) was compared with one of the sublines. In contrast to 59 chromosomes as the modal chromosome number in the VERO cell line, the subline had two peaks of 56 and 58 chromosomes. M-FISH analysis using human probes revealed that the VERO cell line was characterized by a translocation t(2;25) found in all metaphases, which was absent in the subline. Different abnormalities detected only in the subline show that the cell line is heterogeneous, indicating that the subline has the potential to change its genomic characteristics during cell culture. The various alterations in the two independent lineages suggest that genomic changes in both VERO cells can be accounted for by progressive rearrangements during their evolution in culture. Both t(5;X) and t(8;14) observed in all metaphases of the two cell lines might have a key role in VERO cells and could be used as genetic markers to identify VERO cells. The flow karyotype shows distinct differences from normal. Further analysis of sorted abnormal chromosomes may uncover other characteristics of VERO cells. Because of the absence of STR data, cytogenetic data are important in characterizing animal cell lines and can be an indicator of their quality control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VERO" title="VERO">VERO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20culture%20passage" title=" cell culture passage"> cell culture passage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromosome%20rearrangement" title=" chromosome rearrangement"> chromosome rearrangement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterogeneous%20cells" title=" heterogeneous cells"> heterogeneous cells</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32913/cytogenetic-characterization-of-the-vero-cell-line-based-on-comparisons-with-the-subline-implication-for-authorization-and-quality-control-of-animal-cell-lines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32913.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4722</span> Electrochemical Studies of Si, Si-Ge- and Ge-Air Batteries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20C.%20Sharma">R. C. Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rishabh%20Bansal"> Rishabh Bansal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prajwal%20Menon"> Prajwal Menon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manoj%20K.%20Sharma"> Manoj K. Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Silicon-air battery is highly promising for electric vehicles due to its high theoretical energy density (8470 Whkg⁻¹) and its discharge products are non-toxic. For the first time, pure silicon and germanium powders are used as anode material. Nickel wire meshes embedded with charcoal and manganese dioxide powder as cathode and concentrated potassium hydroxide is used as electrolyte. Voltage-time curves have been presented in this study for pure silicon and germanium powder and 5% and 10% germanium with silicon powder. Silicon powder cell assembly gives a stable voltage of 0.88 V for ~20 minutes while Si-Ge provides cell voltage of 0.80-0.76 V for ~10-12 minutes, and pure germanium cell provides cell voltage 0.80-0.76 V for ~30 minutes. The cell voltage is higher for concentrated (10%) sodium hydroxide solution (1.08 V) and it is stable for ~40 minutes. A sharp decrease in cell voltage beyond 40 min may be due to rapid corrosion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silicon-air%20battery" title="Silicon-air battery">Silicon-air battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Germanium-air%20battery" title=" Germanium-air battery"> Germanium-air battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage-time%20curve" title=" voltage-time curve"> voltage-time curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20circuit%20voltage" title=" open circuit voltage"> open circuit voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anodic%20corrosion" title=" Anodic corrosion"> Anodic corrosion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138312/electrochemical-studies-of-si-si-ge-and-ge-air-batteries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138312.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">237</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4721</span> Activation of Caspase 3 by Terpenoids and Flavonoids in Cancer Cell Lines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nusrat%20Masood">Nusrat Masood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vijaya%20Dubey"> Vijaya Dubey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suaib%20Luqman"> Suaib Luqman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Caspase 3, a member of cysteine-aspartic acid protease family, is an imperative indicator for cell death particularly when substantiating apoptosis. Thus, caspase 3 is an interesting target for the discovery and development of anticancer agent. We adopted a four level assessment of both terpenoids and flavonoids and thus experimentally performed the enzymatic assay in cell free system as well as in cancer cell line which was validated through real time expression and molecular interaction studies. A significant difference was observed with both the class of natural products indicating terpenoids as better activators of caspase 3 compared to flavonoids both in the cell free system as well as in cell lines. The expression analysis, activation constant and binding energy also correlate well with the enzyme activity. Overall, terpenoids had an unswerving effect on caspase 3 in all the tested system while flavonoids indirectly affect enzyme activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caspase%203" title="Caspase 3">Caspase 3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terpenoids" title=" terpenoids"> terpenoids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoids" title=" flavonoids"> flavonoids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activation%20constant" title=" activation constant"> activation constant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binding%20energy" title=" binding energy"> binding energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72938/activation-of-caspase-3-by-terpenoids-and-flavonoids-in-cancer-cell-lines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72938.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">238</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20cell&page=9" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20cell&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20cell&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20cell&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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