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Po Klong Garai - Wikipedia

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href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%BD%80_%EB%81%8C%EB%A1%B1_%EC%9E%90%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4" title="뽀 끌롱 자라이 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="뽀 끌롱 자라이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po_Klong_Garai" title="Po Klong Garai – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Po Klong Garai" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po_Klong_Garai" title="Po Klong Garai – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Po Klong Garai" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B9%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%A3" title="ປູແກ້ງກາໄຣ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປູແກ້ງກາໄຣ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po_Klong_Garai" title="Po Klong Garai – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Po Klong Garai" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po_Klong_Garai" title="Po Klong Garai – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Po Klong Garai" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ruler of Panduranga</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Po Klaung Yăgrai</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><i>Ruler of Panduranga</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Angkor_Thom_Bayon_57.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Angkor_Thom_Bayon_57.jpg/220px-Angkor_Thom_Bayon_57.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Angkor_Thom_Bayon_57.jpg/330px-Angkor_Thom_Bayon_57.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Angkor_Thom_Bayon_57.jpg/440px-Angkor_Thom_Bayon_57.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4592" data-file-height="3442" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">Portrait of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Po_Klaung_Y%C4%83grai&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Po Klaung Yăgrai (page does not exist)">Po Klaung Yăgrai</a> at <a href="/wiki/Bayon" title="Bayon">Bayon</a> temple.</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/King_of_Champa" title="King of Champa">Ruler of Panduranga</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">1167 - 1205</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Po_Sulekha&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Po Sulekha (page does not exist)">Po Sulekha</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data">Khmer occupation</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">1151<br />Palei Chakling, <a href="/wiki/Phan_Rang%E2%80%93Th%C3%A1p_Ch%C3%A0m" title="Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm">Panduranga</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1205<br />Băl Hangâu, <a href="/wiki/Phan_Rang%E2%80%93Th%C3%A1p_Ch%C3%A0m" title="Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm">Panduranga</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/Phan_Rang%E2%80%93Th%C3%A1p_Ch%C3%A0m" title="Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm">Panduranga</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">?</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a></th><td class="infobox-data">?</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left">Names</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data nickname" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;">Jatol</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Regnal_name" title="Regnal name">Regnal name</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;">Po Klaung Yăgrai</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ROCN_Duty_Ship_Pennant.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/ROCN_Duty_Ship_Pennant.svg/23px-ROCN_Duty_Ship_Pennant.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/ROCN_Duty_Ship_Pennant.svg/35px-ROCN_Duty_Ship_Pennant.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/ROCN_Duty_Ship_Pennant.svg/46px-ROCN_Duty_Ship_Pennant.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="750" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Phan_Rang%E2%80%93Th%C3%A1p_Ch%C3%A0m" title="Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm">Panduranga</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data">On Pasha</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data">Muk Chakling</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data">Hinduism</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Po Klaung Yăgrai</b> (1151 - 1205) was king of the <a href="/wiki/Champa" title="Champa">Champa</a> polity of <a href="/wiki/Phan_Rang%E2%80%93Th%C3%A1p_Ch%C3%A0m" title="Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm">Panduranga</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Title">Title</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Po_Klong_Garai&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Title"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Po Klaung Yăgrai</b> is the <a href="/wiki/Royal_title" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal title">royal title</a>, not the <a href="/wiki/Name" title="Name">name</a> of this historical figure. According to understandings of local history, he was not born as a royal and was born with name <b>Jatơl</b>. His title <i>Po Klaung Yăgrai</i> could plausibly be translated from <a href="/wiki/Cham_language" title="Cham language">Cham language</a> into English as the "great water-dragon sovereign." </p><p>The Cham-language title "Po" means <a href="/wiki/Sovereign" title="Sovereign">sovereign</a>, "klaung" means great and the name "Yăgrai" likely comes from "Yă" meaning "water" and "garai" meaning "dragon." Another possibility is the term "Yă" is that it is an Old Cham language term truncation of the word "yang" meaning <a href="/wiki/Lord" title="Lord">lord</a> or <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">god</a>. </p><p>French sources occasionally mistakenly referred to "garai" as related to the term "Jarai" people, likely because /g/ and /j/ could be pronounced the same in French. However, there is not strong evidence the terms are related. However, "Jarai" more likely is derived from the Old Cham root terms "Ja-" and "-rai" meaning "ordinary people who left" (implying they went to the uplands). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Po_Klong_Garai&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Po Klaung Yăgrai ruled from 1167 to his death and is credited to have built many irrigation works and dams. He probably is the same person as <a href="/wiki/Champa" title="Champa">Champa</a> king, <a href="/wiki/Jaya_Indravarman_IV" title="Jaya Indravarman IV">Jaya Indravarman IV</a>. He is worshipped at the <a href="/wiki/Po_Klong_Garai_Temple" title="Po Klong Garai Temple">Po Klong Garai Temple</a>, built by Champa King <a href="/wiki/Jaya_Sinhavarman_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaya Sinhavarman III">Jaya Sinhavarman III</a> (Chế Mân). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legend">Legend</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Po_Klong_Garai&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Legend"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He started life as a lowly cowherd in the lowland village of Caklaing, but became king of <a href="/wiki/Champa" title="Champa">Champa</a> by destiny, ruling wisely and for the good of the people. When the <a href="/wiki/Khmer_people" title="Khmer people">Khmer</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> invaded his kingdom, he challenged them to settle the matter peacefully in a tower-building contest. Po Klaung Garai prevailed in the contest, thereby obliging the invaders to return home. After his death, Po Klaung Garai became a god and protector of the people on earth; it is said that the tower he built in his contest with the Khmer was at the site of the tower that bears his name today. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Po_Klong_Garai&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Battle of Tonlé Sap">Battle of Tonlé Sap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaya_Indravarman_IV" title="Jaya Indravarman IV">Jaya Indravarman IV</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Po_Klong_Garai&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-3"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In what is now <a href="/wiki/Phan_Rang" class="mw-redirect" title="Phan Rang">Phan Rang</a> in southern <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Po_Klong_Garai&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Po-Klong-Garai-fourteenth-century-Cham-Hindu-temple-near-Phan-Rang_fig4_265881213">Temple of Po Klaung Yăgrai</a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐jgfr2 Cached time: 20241122154728 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.138 seconds Real time usage: 0.193 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1306/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 14546/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1207/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 21/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3846/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.061/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2287523/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 164.812 1 -total 90.52% 149.189 1 Template:Infobox_royalty 52.17% 85.980 2 Template:Infobox 41.51% 68.406 1 Template:Infobox_royalty/short_description 34.97% 57.640 1 Template:Short_description 11.99% 19.766 2 Template:Pagetype 11.04% 18.201 4 Template:Main_other 9.87% 16.260 1 Template:SDcat 9.25% 15.244 1 Template:Has_short_description 8.59% 14.154 1 Template:Reflist --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:57275313-0!canonical and timestamp 20241122154728 and revision id 1252663941. 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