Database Testing - Laravel 11.x - The PHP Framework For Web Artisans

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Database Testing - Laravel 11.x - The PHP Framework For Web Artisans</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, viewport-fit=cover"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://laravel.com/docs/11.x/database-testing">  <meta name="title" content="Laravel - The PHP Framework For Web Artisans"> <meta name="description" content="Laravel is a PHP web application framework with expressive, elegant syntax. We’ve already laid the foundation — freeing you to create without sweating the small things.">  <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://laravel.com/"> <meta property="og:title" content="Laravel - The PHP Framework For Web Artisans"> <meta property="og:description" content="Laravel is a PHP web application framework with expressive, elegant syntax. We’ve already laid the foundation — freeing you to create without sweating the small things."> <meta property="og:image" content="https://laravel.com/img/og-image.jpg">  <meta property="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta property="twitter:url" content="https://laravel.com/"> <meta property="twitter:title" content="Laravel - The PHP Framework For Web Artisans"> <meta property="twitter:description" content="Laravel is a PHP web application framework with expressive, elegant syntax. We’ve already laid the foundation — freeing you to create without sweating the small things."> <meta property="twitter:image" content="https://laravel.com/img/og-image.jpg">  <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/img/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/img/favicon/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/img/favicon/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="/img/favicon/site.webmanifest"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/img/favicon/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#ff2d20"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/img/favicon/favicon.ico"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ff2d20"> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="/img/favicon/browserconfig.xml"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <meta name="color-scheme" content="light"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://E3MIRNPJH5-dsn.algolia.net" crossorigin /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://use.typekit.net/ins2wgm.css"> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://laravel.com/build/assets/app-dc063eeb.css" /><link rel="modulepreload" href="https://laravel.com/build/assets/app-70a5a3a6.js" /><link rel="modulepreload" href="https://laravel.com/build/assets/docs-45166933.js" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://laravel.com/build/assets/app-dc063eeb.css" /><script type="module" src="https://laravel.com/build/assets/app-70a5a3a6.js"></script><script type="module" src="https://laravel.com/build/assets/docs-45166933.js"></script>  <script src="https://cdn.usefathom.com/script.js" data-site="DVMEKBYF" defer></script>   <script async src="https://tag.clearbitscripts.com/v1/pk_97d2bf69f817feb07be42fcda1460119/tags.js" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin"></script> <script> const alwaysLightMode = false; </script> <script> function updateTheme() { if (!('theme' in localStorage)) { localStorage.theme = 'system'; } switch (localStorage.theme) { case 'system': if (window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches) { document.documentElement.classList.add('dark'); document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-theme', 'dark'); } else { document.documentElement.classList.remove('dark'); document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-theme', 'light'); } document.documentElement.setAttribute('color-theme', 'system'); break; case 'dark': document.documentElement.classList.add('dark'); document.documentElement.setAttribute('color-theme', 'dark'); document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-theme', 'dark'); break; case 'light': document.documentElement.classList.remove('dark'); document.documentElement.setAttribute('color-theme', 'light'); document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-theme', 'light'); break; } updateThemeAndSchemeColor(); } function updateThemeAndSchemeColor() { if (! alwaysLightMode) { if (document.documentElement.classList.contains('dark')) { document.querySelector('meta[name="color-scheme"]').setAttribute('content', 'dark'); document.querySelector('meta[name="theme-color"]').setAttribute('content', '#171923'); return; } document.querySelector('meta[name="color-scheme"]').setAttribute('content', 'light'); document.querySelector('meta[name="theme-color"]').setAttribute('content', '#ffffff'); } } updateTheme(); </script> </head> <body x-data="{ navIsOpen: false, }" class="w-full h-full font-sans antialiased text-gray-900 language-php" data-instant-intensity="0" > <a id="skip-to-content-link" href="#main-content" class="absolute bg-gray-100 px-4 py-2 top-3 left-3 text-gray-700 shadow-xl" > Skip to content </a> <div class="items-center justify-center bg-gradient-to-b from-red-500 to-red-600 p-2 text-center text-white text-sm h-9"> <template id="news-herd"> <div> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-5 h-5 text-white" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" fill="none" stroke-linejoin="round"> <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/> <path d="M3 4m0 1a1 1 0 0 1 1 -1h16a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v14a1 1 0 0 1 -1 1h-16a1 1 0 0 1 -1 -1z" /> <path d="M7 8v1" /> <path d="M17 8v1" /> <path d="M12.5 4c-.654 1.486 -1.26 3.443 -1.5 9h2.5c-.19 2.867 .094 5.024 .5 7" /> <path d="M7 15.5c3.667 2 6.333 2 10 0" /> </svg> </div> <div class="mt-px ml-1"> Get started with PHP and Laravel faster than ever using <a href="https://herd.laravel.com" class="underline">Laravel Herd</a>. </div> </template> <template id="news-laracon"> <div><svg class="w-5 h-5 text-white" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M3.055 11H5a2 2 0 012 2v1a2 2 0 002 2 2 2 0 012 2v2.945M8 3.935V5.5A2.5 2.5 0 0010.5 8h.5a2 2 0 012 2 2 2 0 104 0 2 2 0 012-2h1.064M15 20.488V18a2 2 0 012-2h3.064M21 12a9 9 0 11-18 0 9 9 0 0118 0z"></path></svg></div> <div class="mt-px ml-1"> Join us in Dallas, TX! Tickets are now available for <a href="https://laracon.us" class="underline">Laracon US</a>. </div> </template> <template id="news-laracon-in"> <div><svg class="w-5 h-5 text-white" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M3.055 11H5a2 2 0 012 2v1a2 2 0 002 2 2 2 0 012 2v2.945M8 3.935V5.5A2.5 2.5 0 0010.5 8h.5a2 2 0 012 2 2 2 0 104 0 2 2 0 012-2h1.064M15 20.488V18a2 2 0 012-2h3.064M21 12a9 9 0 11-18 0 9 9 0 0118 0z"></path></svg></div> <div class="mt-px ml-1"> Let's go to India! Tickets are now available for <a href="https://laracon.in" class="underline">Laracon IN</a>. </div> </template> <template id="news-laracon-eu"> <div><svg class="w-5 h-5 text-white" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M3.055 11H5a2 2 0 012 2v1a2 2 0 002 2 2 2 0 012 2v2.945M8 3.935V5.5A2.5 2.5 0 0010.5 8h.5a2 2 0 012 2 2 2 0 104 0 2 2 0 012-2h1.064M15 20.488V18a2 2 0 012-2h3.064M21 12a9 9 0 11-18 0 9 9 0 0118 0z"></path></svg></div> <div class="mt-px ml-1"> Let's go to Europe! Tickets are now available for <a href="https://laracon.eu" class="underline">Laracon EU</a>. </div> </template> <template id="news-laracon-au"> <div><svg class="w-5 h-5 text-white" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M3.055 11H5a2 2 0 012 2v1a2 2 0 002 2 2 2 0 012 2v2.945M8 3.935V5.5A2.5 2.5 0 0010.5 8h.5a2 2 0 012 2 2 2 0 104 0 2 2 0 012-2h1.064M15 20.488V18a2 2 0 012-2h3.064M21 12a9 9 0 11-18 0 9 9 0 0118 0z"></path></svg></div> <div class="mt-px ml-1"> Let's go down under! Tickets are now available for <a href="https://laracon.au" class="underline">Laracon AU</a>. </div> </template> <template id="news-forge"> <div><svg class="w-5 h-5 text-white" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9.75 17L9 20l-1 1h8l-1-1-.75-3M3 13h18M5 17h14a2 2 0 002-2V5a2 2 0 00-2-2H5a2 2 0 00-2 2v10a2 2 0 002 2z"></path></svg></div> <div class="mt-px ml-1"> Servers with PHP 8.3 are now available for provisioning via <a href="https://forge.laravel.com" class="underline">Laravel Forge</a>. </div> </template> <template id="news-vapor"> <div><svg class="w-5 h-5 text-white" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M3 15a4 4 0 004 4h9a5 5 0 10-.1-9.999 5.002 5.002 0 10-9.78 2.096A4.001 4.001 0 003 15z"></path></svg></div> <div class="mt-px ml-1"> Deploy Laravel with the infinite scale of serverless using <a href="https://vapor.laravel.com" class="underline">Laravel Vapor</a>. </div> </template> <template id="news-cloud"> <div class="mt-px ml-1"> Join the waitlist for <a href="https://cloud.laravel.com" class="underline">Laravel Cloud</a><span class="hidden md:inline">, the future of shipping</span>. </div> </template> <template id="news-nightwatch"> <div class="mt-px ml-1"> Join the waitlist for <a href="https://nightwatch.laravel.com" class="underline">Laravel Nightwatch</a><span class="hidden md:inline">, first-class monitoring designed for Laravel</span>. </div> </template> <template id="news-pulse"> <div><svg class="w-5 h-5 text-white" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M3 15a4 4 0 004 4h9a5 5 0 10-.1-9.999 5.002 5.002 0 10-9.78 2.096A4.001 4.001 0 003 15z"></path></svg></div> <div class="mt-px ml-1"> How's your health? Check your application's vital signs using <a href="https://pulse.laravel.com" class="underline">Laravel Pulse</a>. </div> </template> <template id="news-reverb"> <div> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-5 h-5 text-white" width="44" height="44" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"> <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/> <path d="M3.707 6.293l2.586 -2.586a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0l5.586 5.586a1 1 0 0 1 0 1.414l-2.586 2.586a1 1 0 0 1 -1.414 0l-5.586 -5.586a1 1 0 0 1 0 -1.414z" /> <path d="M6 10l-3 3l3 3l3 -3" /> <path d="M10 6l3 -3l3 3l-3 3" /> <path d="M12 12l1.5 1.5" /> <path d="M14.5 17a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5 -2.5" /> <path d="M15 21a6 6 0 0 0 6 -6" /> </svg> </div> <div class="mt-px ml-1"> Incoming transmission received. <a href="https://reverb.laravel.com" class="underline">Laravel Reverb</a> is now available! </div> </template> <template id="news-nova"> <div> <svg class="w-5 h-5 text-white" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"> <path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M15.59 14.37a6 6 0 01-5.84 7.38v-4.8m5.84-2.58a14.98 14.98 0 006.16-12.12A14.98 14.98 0 009.631 8.41m5.96 5.96a14.926 14.926 0 01-5.841 2.58m-.119-8.54a6 6 0 00-7.381 5.84h4.8m2.581-5.84a14.927 14.927 0 00-2.58 5.84m2.699 2.7c-.103.021-.207.041-.311.06a15.09 15.09 0 01-2.448-2.448 14.9 14.9 0 01.06-.312m-2.24 2.39a4.493 4.493 0 00-1.757 4.306 4.493 4.493 0 004.306-1.758M16.5 9a1.5 1.5 0 11-3 0 1.5 1.5 0 013 0z"></path> </svg> </div> <div class="mt-px ml-1"> Take your administration backend to another dimension with <a href="https://nova.laravel.com" class="underline">Laravel Nova</a>. </div> </template> <template id="news-careers"> <div> <svg class="w-5 h-5 text-white" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" class="w-6 h-6"> <path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M20.25 14.15v4.25c0 1.094-.787 2.036-1.872 2.18-2.087.277-4.216.42-6.378.42s-4.291-.143-6.378-.42c-1.085-.144-1.872-1.086-1.872-2.18v-4.25m16.5 0a2.18 2.18 0 0 0 .75-1.661V8.706c0-1.081-.768-2.015-1.837-2.175a48.114 48.114 0 0 0-3.413-.387m4.5 8.006c-.194.165-.42.295-.673.38A23.978 23.978 0 0 1 12 15.75c-2.648 0-5.195-.429-7.577-1.22a2.016 2.016 0 0 1-.673-.38m0 0A2.18 2.18 0 0 1 3 12.489V8.706c0-1.081.768-2.015 1.837-2.175a48.111 48.111 0 0 1 3.413-.387m7.5 0V5.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 13.5 3h-3a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v.894m7.5 0a48.667 48.667 0 0 0-7.5 0M12 12.75h.008v.008H12v-.008Z" /> </svg> </div> <div class="mt-px ml-1"> Laravel is hiring! <a href="https://laravel.com/careers" class="underline">Help us build the future of Laravel</a>. </div> </template> </div> <script> const activeNewsTemplate = document.getElementById( 'news-'+JSON.parse('[\u0022cloud\u0022,\u0022nightwatch\u0022]')[Math.floor(Math.random() * 2)] ) activeNewsTemplate.replaceWith(activeNewsTemplate.content) </script> <div class="relative dark:bg-dark-700" id="docsScreen"> <div class="relative lg:flex lg:items-start"> <aside class="hidden fixed top-0 bottom-0 left-0 z-20 w-16 bg-gradient-to-b from-gray-100 to-white transition-all duration-300 lg:sticky lg:w-80 lg:shrink-0 lg:flex lg:flex-col lg:justify-end lg:items-end 2xl:max-w-lg 2xl:w-full dark:from-dark-800 dark:to-dark-700"> <div class="relative max-h-screen overflow-auto flex-1 flex flex-col xl:w-80"> <a href="/" class="flex items-center py-8 px-4 lg:px-8 xl:px-16"> <img class="w-8 h-8 shrink-0 transition-all duration-300 lg:w-12 lg:h-12" src="/img/logomark.min.svg" alt="Laravel" width="50" height="52" > <img src="/img/logotype.min.svg" alt="Laravel" class="hidden ml-4 lg:block" width="114" height="29" > </a> <div class="px-4 pb-10 lg:px-8 xl:px-16"> <nav id="indexed-nav" class="hidden lg:block lg:mt-4"> <div class="docs_sidebar"> <ul> <li> <h2>Prologue</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/releases">Release Notes</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/upgrade">Upgrade Guide</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/contributions">Contribution Guide</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <h2>Getting Started</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/installation">Installation</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/configuration">Configuration</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/structure">Directory Structure</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/frontend">Frontend</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/starter-kits">Starter Kits</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/deployment">Deployment</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <h2>Architecture Concepts</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/lifecycle">Request Lifecycle</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/container">Service Container</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/providers">Service Providers</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/facades">Facades</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <h2>The Basics</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/routing">Routing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/middleware">Middleware</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/csrf">CSRF Protection</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/controllers">Controllers</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/requests">Requests</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/responses">Responses</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/views">Views</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/blade">Blade Templates</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/vite">Asset Bundling</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/urls">URL Generation</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/session">Session</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/validation">Validation</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/errors">Error Handling</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/logging">Logging</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <h2>Digging Deeper</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/artisan">Artisan Console</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/broadcasting">Broadcasting</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/cache">Cache</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/collections">Collections</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/concurrency">Concurrency</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/context">Context</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/contracts">Contracts</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/events">Events</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/filesystem">File Storage</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/helpers">Helpers</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/http-client">HTTP Client</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/localization">Localization</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/mail">Mail</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/notifications">Notifications</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/packages">Package Development</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/processes">Processes</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/queues">Queues</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/rate-limiting">Rate Limiting</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/strings">Strings</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/scheduling">Task Scheduling</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <h2>Security</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/authentication">Authentication</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/authorization">Authorization</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/verification">Email Verification</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/encryption">Encryption</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/hashing">Hashing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/passwords">Password Reset</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <h2>Database</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/database">Getting Started</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/queries">Query Builder</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/pagination">Pagination</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/migrations">Migrations</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/seeding">Seeding</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/redis">Redis</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/mongodb">MongoDB</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <h2>Eloquent ORM</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent">Getting Started</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent-relationships">Relationships</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent-collections">Collections</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent-mutators">Mutators / Casts</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent-resources">API Resources</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent-serialization">Serialization</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent-factories">Factories</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sub--on"> <h2>Testing</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/testing">Getting Started</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/http-tests">HTTP Tests</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/console-tests">Console Tests</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/dusk">Browser Tests</a> </li> <li class="active"> <a href="/docs/11.x/database-testing">Database</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/mocking">Mocking</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <h2>Packages</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/starter-kits#laravel-breeze">Breeze</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/billing">Cashier (Stripe)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/cashier-paddle">Cashier (Paddle)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/dusk">Dusk</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/envoy">Envoy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/fortify">Fortify</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/folio">Folio</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/homestead">Homestead</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/horizon">Horizon</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://jetstream.laravel.com">Jetstream</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/mix">Mix</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/octane">Octane</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/passport">Passport</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/pennant">Pennant</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/pint">Pint</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/precognition">Precognition</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/prompts">Prompts</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/pulse">Pulse</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/reverb">Reverb</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/sail">Sail</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/sanctum">Sanctum</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/scout">Scout</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/socialite">Socialite</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/telescope">Telescope</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/valet">Valet</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="/api/11.x">API Documentation</a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> <template id="promote-forge"> <div class="mt-4 px-3 py-2 border-dashed border-gray-200 border rounded-lg text-xs leading-loose text-gray-700 lg:block dark:border-gray-400 dark:text-gray-200"> <span class="font-medium">Laravel Forge:</span> create and manage PHP 8 servers. Deploy your Laravel applications in seconds. <a class="underline text-red-600" href="https://forge.laravel.com">Sign up now!</a>. </div> </template> <template id="promote-vapor"> <div class="mt-4 px-3 py-2 border-dashed border-gray-200 border rounded-lg text-xs leading-loose text-gray-700 lg:block dark:border-gray-400 dark:text-gray-200"> <span class="font-medium">Laravel Vapor:</span> experience extreme scale on a dedicated serverless platform for Laravel. <a class="underline text-red-600" href="https://vapor.laravel.com">Sign up now!</a>. </div> </template> <template id="promote-nova"> <div class="mt-4 px-3 py-2 border-dashed border-gray-200 border rounded-lg text-xs leading-loose text-gray-700 lg:block dark:border-gray-400 dark:text-gray-200"> <span class="font-medium">Laravel Nova:</span> The next generation of Nova is <a class="underline text-red-600" href="https://nova.laravel.com">now available</a>. </div> </template> <template id="promote-pulse"> <div class="mt-4 px-3 py-2 border-dashed border-gray-200 border rounded-lg text-xs leading-loose text-gray-700 lg:block dark:border-gray-400 dark:text-gray-200"> <span class="font-medium">Laravel Pulse:</span> How's your health? Check your application's vital signs using <a href="https://pulse.laravel.com" class="underline text-red-600">Laravel Pulse</a>. </div> </template> <template id="promote-reverb"> <div class="mt-4 px-3 py-2 border-dashed border-gray-200 border rounded-lg text-xs leading-loose text-gray-700 lg:block dark:border-gray-400 dark:text-gray-200"> <span class="font-medium">Laravel Reverb:</span> You can easily build dynamic, real-time Laravel applications using WebSockets. <a href="https://reverb.laravel.com" class="underline text-red-600">Laravel Reverb</a> is now available! </div> </template> <script> const activePromotionTemplate = document.getElementById( 'promote-'+JSON.parse('[\u0022forge\u0022,\u0022vapor\u0022,\u0022nova\u0022,\u0022pulse\u0022,\u0022reverb\u0022]')[Math.floor(Math.random() * 5)] ) activePromotionTemplate.replaceWith(activePromotionTemplate.content) </script> </div> </div> </aside> <header class="lg:hidden" @keydown.window.escape="navIsOpen = false" @click.away="navIsOpen = false" > <div class="relative mx-auto w-full py-10 bg-white transition duration-200 dark:bg-dark-700"> <div class="mx-auto px-8 sm:px-16 flex items-center justify-between"> <a href="/" class="flex items-center"> <img class="" src="/img/logomark.min.svg" alt="Laravel" width="50" height="52"> <img class="hidden ml-5 sm:block" src="/img/logotype.min.svg" alt="Laravel" width="114" height="29"> </a> <div class="flex-1 flex items-center justify-end"> <button id="header__sun" onclick="toSystemMode()" title="Switch to system theme" class="relative w-10 h-10 focus:outline-none focus:shadow-outline text-gray-500"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon icon-tabler icon-tabler-sun" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"> <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path> <circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle> <path d="M3 12h1m8 -9v1m8 8h1m-9 8v1m-6.4 -15.4l.7 .7m12.1 -.7l-.7 .7m0 11.4l.7 .7m-12.1 -.7l-.7 .7"></path> </svg> </button> <button id="header__moon" onclick="toLightMode()" title="Switch to light mode" class="relative w-10 h-10 focus:outline-none focus:shadow-outline text-gray-500"> <svg style="width:24px;height:24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path fill="currentColor" d="M17.75,4.09L15.22,6.03L16.13,9.09L13.5,7.28L10.87,9.09L11.78,6.03L9.25,4.09L12.44,4L13.5,1L14.56,4L17.75,4.09M21.25,11L19.61,12.25L20.2,14.23L18.5,13.06L16.8,14.23L17.39,12.25L15.75,11L17.81,10.95L18.5,9L19.19,10.95L21.25,11M18.97,15.95C19.8,15.87 20.69,17.05 20.16,17.8C19.84,18.25 19.5,18.67 19.08,19.07C15.17,23 8.84,23 4.94,19.07C1.03,15.17 1.03,8.83 4.94,4.93C5.34,4.53 5.76,4.17 6.21,3.85C6.96,3.32 8.14,4.21 8.06,5.04C7.79,7.9 8.75,10.87 10.95,13.06C13.14,15.26 16.1,16.22 18.97,15.95M17.33,17.97C14.5,17.81 11.7,16.64 9.53,14.5C7.36,12.31 6.2,9.5 6.04,6.68C3.23,9.82 3.34,14.64 6.35,17.66C9.37,20.67 14.19,20.78 17.33,17.97Z" /> </svg> </button> <button id="header__indeterminate" onclick="toDarkMode()" title="Switch to dark mode" class="relative w-10 h-10 focus:outline-none focus:shadow-outline text-gray-500"> <svg style="width:24px;height:24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path fill="currentColor" d="M12 2A10 10 0 0 0 2 12A10 10 0 0 0 12 22A10 10 0 0 0 22 12A10 10 0 0 0 12 2M12 4A8 8 0 0 1 20 12A8 8 0 0 1 12 20V4Z" /> </svg> </button> <button class="ml-2 relative w-10 h-10 p-2 text-red-600 lg:hidden focus:outline-none focus:shadow-outline" aria-label="Menu" @click.prevent="navIsOpen = !navIsOpen"> <svg x-show="! navIsOpen" x-transition.opacity class="absolute inset-0 mt-2 ml-2 w-6 h-6" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><line x1="3" y1="12" x2="21" y2="12"></line><line x1="3" y1="6" x2="21" y2="6"></line><line x1="3" y1="18" x2="21" y2="18"></line></svg> <svg x-show="navIsOpen" x-transition.opacity x-cloak class="absolute inset-0 mt-2 ml-2 w-6 h-6" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><line x1="18" y1="6" x2="6" y2="18"></line><line x1="6" y1="6" x2="18" y2="18"></line></svg> </button> </div> </div> <span :class="{ 'shadow-sm': navIsOpen }" class="absolute inset-0 z-20 pointer-events-none"></span> </div> <div x-show="navIsOpen" x-transition:enter="duration-150" x-transition:leave="duration-100 ease-in" x-cloak > <nav x-show="navIsOpen" x-cloak class="absolute w-full transform origin-top shadow-sm z-10" x-transition:enter="duration-150 ease-out" x-transition:enter-start="opacity-0 -translate-y-8 scale-75" x-transition:enter-end="opacity-100 scale-100" x-transition:leave="duration-100 ease-in" x-transition:leave-start="opacity-100 scale-100" x-transition:leave-end="opacity-0 -translate-y-8 scale-75" > <div class="relative p-8 bg-white docs_sidebar dark:bg-dark-600"> <ul> <li> <h2>Prologue</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/releases">Release Notes</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/upgrade">Upgrade Guide</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/contributions">Contribution Guide</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <h2>Getting Started</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/installation">Installation</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/configuration">Configuration</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/structure">Directory Structure</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/frontend">Frontend</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/starter-kits">Starter Kits</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/deployment">Deployment</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <h2>Architecture Concepts</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/lifecycle">Request Lifecycle</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/container">Service Container</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/providers">Service Providers</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/facades">Facades</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <h2>The Basics</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/routing">Routing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/middleware">Middleware</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/csrf">CSRF Protection</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/controllers">Controllers</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/requests">Requests</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/responses">Responses</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/views">Views</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/blade">Blade Templates</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/vite">Asset Bundling</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/urls">URL Generation</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/session">Session</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/validation">Validation</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/errors">Error Handling</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/logging">Logging</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <h2>Digging Deeper</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/artisan">Artisan Console</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/broadcasting">Broadcasting</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/cache">Cache</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/collections">Collections</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/concurrency">Concurrency</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/context">Context</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/contracts">Contracts</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/events">Events</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/filesystem">File Storage</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/helpers">Helpers</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/http-client">HTTP Client</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/localization">Localization</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/mail">Mail</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/notifications">Notifications</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/packages">Package Development</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/processes">Processes</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/queues">Queues</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/rate-limiting">Rate Limiting</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/strings">Strings</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/scheduling">Task Scheduling</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <h2>Security</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/authentication">Authentication</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/authorization">Authorization</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/verification">Email Verification</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/encryption">Encryption</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/hashing">Hashing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/passwords">Password Reset</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <h2>Database</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/database">Getting Started</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/queries">Query Builder</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/pagination">Pagination</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/migrations">Migrations</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/seeding">Seeding</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/redis">Redis</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/mongodb">MongoDB</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <h2>Eloquent ORM</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent">Getting Started</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent-relationships">Relationships</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent-collections">Collections</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent-mutators">Mutators / Casts</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent-resources">API Resources</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent-serialization">Serialization</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent-factories">Factories</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sub--on"> <h2>Testing</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/testing">Getting Started</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/http-tests">HTTP Tests</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/console-tests">Console Tests</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/dusk">Browser Tests</a> </li> <li class="active"> <a href="/docs/11.x/database-testing">Database</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/mocking">Mocking</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <h2>Packages</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/starter-kits#laravel-breeze">Breeze</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/billing">Cashier (Stripe)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/cashier-paddle">Cashier (Paddle)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/dusk">Dusk</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/envoy">Envoy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/fortify">Fortify</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/folio">Folio</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/homestead">Homestead</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/horizon">Horizon</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://jetstream.laravel.com">Jetstream</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/mix">Mix</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/octane">Octane</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/passport">Passport</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/pennant">Pennant</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/pint">Pint</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/precognition">Precognition</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/prompts">Prompts</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/pulse">Pulse</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/reverb">Reverb</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/sail">Sail</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/sanctum">Sanctum</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/scout">Scout</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/socialite">Socialite</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/telescope">Telescope</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/valet">Valet</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="/api/11.x">API Documentation</a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <section class="flex-1 dark:bg-dark-700"> <div class="max-w-screen-lg px-8 sm:px-16 lg:px-24"> <div class="flex flex-col items-end border-b border-gray-200 py-1 transition-colors dark:border-gray-700 lg:mt-8 lg:flex-row-reverse"> <div class="hidden lg:flex items-center justify-center ml-8"> <button id="header__sun" onclick="toSystemMode()" title="Switch to system theme" class="relative w-10 h-10 focus:outline-none focus:shadow-outline text-gray-500"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon icon-tabler icon-tabler-sun" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"> <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path> <circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle> <path d="M3 12h1m8 -9v1m8 8h1m-9 8v1m-6.4 -15.4l.7 .7m12.1 -.7l-.7 .7m0 11.4l.7 .7m-12.1 -.7l-.7 .7"></path> </svg> </button> <button id="header__moon" onclick="toLightMode()" title="Switch to light mode" class="relative w-10 h-10 focus:outline-none focus:shadow-outline text-gray-500"> <svg style="width:24px;height:24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path fill="currentColor" d="M17.75,4.09L15.22,6.03L16.13,9.09L13.5,7.28L10.87,9.09L11.78,6.03L9.25,4.09L12.44,4L13.5,1L14.56,4L17.75,4.09M21.25,11L19.61,12.25L20.2,14.23L18.5,13.06L16.8,14.23L17.39,12.25L15.75,11L17.81,10.95L18.5,9L19.19,10.95L21.25,11M18.97,15.95C19.8,15.87 20.69,17.05 20.16,17.8C19.84,18.25 19.5,18.67 19.08,19.07C15.17,23 8.84,23 4.94,19.07C1.03,15.17 1.03,8.83 4.94,4.93C5.34,4.53 5.76,4.17 6.21,3.85C6.96,3.32 8.14,4.21 8.06,5.04C7.79,7.9 8.75,10.87 10.95,13.06C13.14,15.26 16.1,16.22 18.97,15.95M17.33,17.97C14.5,17.81 11.7,16.64 9.53,14.5C7.36,12.31 6.2,9.5 6.04,6.68C3.23,9.82 3.34,14.64 6.35,17.66C9.37,20.67 14.19,20.78 17.33,17.97Z" /> </svg> </button> <button id="header__indeterminate" onclick="toDarkMode()" title="Switch to dark mode" class="relative w-10 h-10 focus:outline-none focus:shadow-outline text-gray-500"> <svg style="width:24px;height:24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path fill="currentColor" d="M12 2A10 10 0 0 0 2 12A10 10 0 0 0 12 22A10 10 0 0 0 22 12A10 10 0 0 0 12 2M12 4A8 8 0 0 1 20 12A8 8 0 0 1 12 20V4Z" /> </svg> </button> </div> <div class="w-full lg:w-40 lg:pl-12"> <div> <label class="text-gray-600 text-xs tracking-widest uppercase dark:text-gray-500" for="version-switcher">Version</label> <div x-data class="relative w-full bg-white transition-all duration-500 focus-within:border-gray-600 dark:bg-gray-800"> <select id="version-switcher" aria-label="Laravel version" class="appearance-none flex-1 w-full px-0 py-1 placeholder-gray-900 tracking-wide bg-white border-transparent focus:outline-none dark:bg-dark-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:placeholder-gray-500" @change="window.location = $event.target.value" > <option value="https://laravel.com/docs/master/database-testing">Master</option> <option selected value="https://laravel.com/docs/11.x/database-testing">11.x</option> <option value="https://laravel.com/docs/10.x/database-testing">10.x</option> <option value="https://laravel.com/docs/9.x/database-testing">9.x</option> <option value="https://laravel.com/docs/8.x/database-testing">8.x</option> <option value="https://laravel.com/docs/7.x/database-testing">7.x</option> <option value="https://laravel.com/docs/6.x/database-testing">6.x</option> <option value="https://laravel.com/docs/5.8/database-testing">5.8</option> <option value="https://laravel.com/docs/5.7/database-testing">5.7</option> <option value="https://laravel.com/docs/5.6/database-testing">5.6</option> <option value="https://laravel.com/docs/5.5/database-testing">5.5</option> <option value="https://laravel.com/docs/5.4/database-testing">5.4</option> <option value="https://laravel.com/docs/5.3/database-testing">5.3</option> <option value="https://laravel.com/docs/5.2/database-testing">5.2</option> <option value="https://laravel.com/docs/5.1/database-testing">5.1</option> <option value="https://laravel.com/docs/5.0/database-testing">5.0</option> <option value="https://laravel.com/docs/4.2/database-testing">4.2</option> </select> <img class="absolute inset-y-0 right-0 mt-2.5 w-2.5 h-2.5 text-gray-900 pointer-events-none dark:hidden" src="/img/icons/drop_arrow.min.svg" alt="" width="10" height="10"> <img class="absolute inset-y-0 right-0 mt-2.5 w-2.5 h-2.5 text-gray-900 pointer-events-none hidden dark:block" src="/img/icons/drop_arrow.dark.min.svg" alt="" width="10" height="10"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="relative mt-8 flex items-center justify-end w-full h-10 lg:mt-0"> <div class="flex-1 flex items-center"> <button id="docsearch" class="text-gray-800 transition-colors dark:text-gray-400 w-full"></button> </div> </div> </div> <section class="mt-8 md:mt-16"> <section class="docs_main max-w-prose"> <div id="main-content"> <h1>Database Testing</h1> <ul> <li> <a href="#introduction">Introduction</a> <ul> <li> <a href="#resetting-the-database-after-each-test">Resetting the Database After Each Test</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="#model-factories">Model Factories</a> </li> <li> <a href="#running-seeders">Running Seeders</a> </li> <li> <a href="#available-assertions">Available Assertions</a> </li> </ul> <h2 id="introduction"><a href="#introduction">Introduction</a></h2> <p>Laravel provides a variety of helpful tools and assertions to make it easier to test your database driven applications. In addition, Laravel model factories and seeders make it painless to create test database records using your application's Eloquent models and relationships. We'll discuss all of these powerful features in the following documentation.</p> <h3 id="resetting-the-database-after-each-test"><a href="#resetting-the-database-after-each-test">Resetting the Database After Each Test</a></h3> <p>Before proceeding much further, let's discuss how to reset your database after each of your tests so that data from a previous test does not interfere with subsequent tests. Laravel's included <code>Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase</code> trait will take care of this for you. Simply use the trait on your test class:</p> <div class="tabbed-code" data-group="1df3cf502597c6d6b58a6e0bfc806498"> <div class="tabbed-code-nav"> <button class="tabbed-code-nav-button active" data-tab="Pest" onClick="setTab('Pest', '1df3cf502597c6d6b58a6e0bfc806498')">Pest</button> <button class="tabbed-code-nav-button" data-tab="PHPUnit" onClick="setTab('PHPUnit', '1df3cf502597c6d6b58a6e0bfc806498')">PHPUnit</button> </div> <div class="tabbed-code-body"> <div class="code-container active" data-tab="Pest"> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #D3423E;"><?php</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">RefreshDatabase</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #82AAFF;">uses</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">RefreshDatabase</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">::</span><span style="color: #C792EA;">class</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">);</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #82AAFF;">test</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #C3E88D;">basic example</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">,</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">function</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">()</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">{</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">$</span><span style="color: #BEC5D4;">response</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">=</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">$</span><span style="color: #FF5572;">this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">get</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #C3E88D;">/</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">);</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> //</span><span style="color: #697098;"> ...</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">});</span></div></code></pre> </div> <div class="code-container" data-tab="PHPUnit"> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #D3423E;"><?php</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">namespace</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> Tests\Feature;</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">RefreshDatabase</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> Tests\</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">TestCase</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">class</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #FFCB6B;">ExampleTest</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">extends</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #A9C77D;">TestCase</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">{</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">RefreshDatabase</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #697098;">/**</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #697098;"> * A basic functional test example.</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #697098;"> </span><span style="color: #697098;">*/</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">public</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">function</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">test_basic_example</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">()</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">void</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> {</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #BEC5D4;">$response</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">=</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #FF5572;">$this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">get</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #C3E88D;">/</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">);</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #697098;">//</span><span style="color: #697098;"> ...</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> }</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">}</span></div></code></pre> </div> </div> </div> <p>The <code>Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase</code> trait does not migrate your database if your schema is up to date. Instead, it will only execute the test within a database transaction. Therefore, any records added to the database by test cases that do not use this trait may still exist in the database.</p> <p>If you would like to totally reset the database, you may use the <code>Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseMigrations</code> or <code>Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseTruncation</code> traits instead. However, both of these options are significantly slower than the <code>RefreshDatabase</code> trait.</p> <h2 id="model-factories"><a href="#model-factories">Model Factories</a></h2> <p>When testing, you may need to insert a few records into your database before executing your test. Instead of manually specifying the value of each column when you create this test data, Laravel allows you to define a set of default attributes for each of your <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent">Eloquent models</a> using <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent-factories">model factories</a>.</p> <p>To learn more about creating and utilizing model factories to create models, please consult the complete <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent-factories">model factory documentation</a>. Once you have defined a model factory, you may utilize the factory within your test to create models:</p> <div class="tabbed-code" data-group="1df3cf502597c6d6b58a6e0bfc806498"> <div class="tabbed-code-nav"> <button class="tabbed-code-nav-button active" data-tab="Pest" onClick="setTab('Pest', '1df3cf502597c6d6b58a6e0bfc806498')">Pest</button> <button class="tabbed-code-nav-button" data-tab="PHPUnit" onClick="setTab('PHPUnit', '1df3cf502597c6d6b58a6e0bfc806498')">PHPUnit</button> </div> <div class="tabbed-code-body"> <div class="code-container active" data-tab="Pest"> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> App\Models\</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">User</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #82AAFF;">test</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #C3E88D;">models can be instantiated</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">,</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">function</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">()</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">{</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">$</span><span style="color: #BEC5D4;">user</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">=</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">User</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">::</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">factory</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">()</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">create</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">();</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> //</span><span style="color: #697098;"> ...</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">});</span></div></code></pre> </div> <div class="code-container" data-tab="PHPUnit"> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> App\Models\</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">User</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">public</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">function</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">test_models_can_be_instantiated</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">()</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">void</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">{</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #BEC5D4;">$user</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">=</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">User</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">::</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">factory</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">()</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">create</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">();</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #697098;">//</span><span style="color: #697098;"> ...</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">}</span></div></code></pre> </div> </div> </div> <h2 id="running-seeders"><a href="#running-seeders">Running Seeders</a></h2> <p>If you would like to use <a href="/docs/11.x/seeding">database seeders</a> to populate your database during a feature test, you may invoke the <code>seed</code> method. By default, the <code>seed</code> method will execute the <code>DatabaseSeeder</code>, which should execute all of your other seeders. Alternatively, you pass a specific seeder class name to the <code>seed</code> method:</p> <div class="tabbed-code" data-group="1df3cf502597c6d6b58a6e0bfc806498"> <div class="tabbed-code-nav"> <button class="tabbed-code-nav-button active" data-tab="Pest" onClick="setTab('Pest', '1df3cf502597c6d6b58a6e0bfc806498')">Pest</button> <button class="tabbed-code-nav-button" data-tab="PHPUnit" onClick="setTab('PHPUnit', '1df3cf502597c6d6b58a6e0bfc806498')">PHPUnit</button> </div> <div class="tabbed-code-body"> <div class="code-container active" data-tab="Pest"> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #D3423E;"><?php</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> Database\Seeders\</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">OrderStatusSeeder</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> Database\Seeders\</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">TransactionStatusSeeder</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">RefreshDatabase</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #82AAFF;">uses</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">RefreshDatabase</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">::</span><span style="color: #C792EA;">class</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">);</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #82AAFF;">test</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #C3E88D;">orders can be created</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">,</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">function</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">()</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">{</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> //</span><span style="color: #697098;"> Run the DatabaseSeeder...</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">$</span><span style="color: #FF5572;">this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">seed</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">();</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> //</span><span style="color: #697098;"> Run a specific seeder...</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">$</span><span style="color: #FF5572;">this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">seed</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">OrderStatusSeeder</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">::</span><span style="color: #C792EA;">class</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">);</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> //</span><span style="color: #697098;"> ...</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> //</span><span style="color: #697098;"> Run an array of specific seeders...</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">$</span><span style="color: #FF5572;">this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">seed</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">([</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">OrderStatusSeeder</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">::</span><span style="color: #C792EA;">class</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">,</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">TransactionStatusSeeder</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">::</span><span style="color: #C792EA;">class</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">,</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> //</span><span style="color: #697098;"> ...</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #82AAFF;"> </span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">]);</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">});</span></div></code></pre> </div> <div class="code-container" data-tab="PHPUnit"> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #D3423E;"><?php</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">namespace</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> Tests\Feature;</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> Database\Seeders\</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">OrderStatusSeeder</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> Database\Seeders\</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">TransactionStatusSeeder</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">RefreshDatabase</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> Tests\</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">TestCase</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">class</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #FFCB6B;">ExampleTest</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">extends</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #A9C77D;">TestCase</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">{</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">RefreshDatabase</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #697098;">/**</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #697098;"> * Test creating a new order.</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #697098;"> </span><span style="color: #697098;">*/</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">public</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">function</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">test_orders_can_be_created</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">()</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">void</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> {</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #697098;">//</span><span style="color: #697098;"> Run the DatabaseSeeder...</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #FF5572;">$this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">seed</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">();</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #697098;">//</span><span style="color: #697098;"> Run a specific seeder...</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #FF5572;">$this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">seed</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">OrderStatusSeeder</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">::</span><span style="color: #C792EA;">class</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">);</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #697098;">//</span><span style="color: #697098;"> ...</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #697098;">//</span><span style="color: #697098;"> Run an array of specific seeders...</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #FF5572;">$this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">seed</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">([</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">OrderStatusSeeder</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">::</span><span style="color: #C792EA;">class</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">,</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">TransactionStatusSeeder</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">::</span><span style="color: #C792EA;">class</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">,</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #697098;">//</span><span style="color: #697098;"> ...</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> ]);</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> }</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">}</span></div></code></pre> </div> </div> </div> <p>Alternatively, you may instruct Laravel to automatically seed the database before each test that uses the <code>RefreshDatabase</code> trait. You may accomplish this by defining a <code>$seed</code> property on your base test class:</p> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #D3423E;"><?php</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">namespace</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> Tests;</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">TestCase</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">as</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> BaseTestCase;</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">abstract</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">class</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #FFCB6B;">TestCase</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">extends</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #A9C77D;">BaseTestCase</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">{</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #697098;">/**</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #697098;"> * Indicates whether the default seeder should run before each test.</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #697098;"> *</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #697098;"> * </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">@var</span><span style="color: #697098;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">bool</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #697098;"> </span><span style="color: #697098;">*/</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">protected</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #BEC5D4;">$seed</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">=</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">true</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">}</span></div></code></pre> <p>When the <code>$seed</code> property is <code>true</code>, the test will run the <code>Database\Seeders\DatabaseSeeder</code> class before each test that uses the <code>RefreshDatabase</code> trait. However, you may specify a specific seeder that should be executed by defining a <code>$seeder</code> property on your test class:</p> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> Database\Seeders\</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">OrderStatusSeeder</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #697098;">/**</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #697098;"> * Run a specific seeder before each test.</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #697098;"> *</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #697098;"> * </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">@var</span><span style="color: #697098;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">string</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #697098;"> </span><span style="color: #697098;">*/</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">protected</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #BEC5D4;">$seeder</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">=</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">OrderStatusSeeder</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">::</span><span style="color: #C792EA;">class</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div></code></pre> <h2 id="available-assertions"><a href="#available-assertions">Available Assertions</a></h2> <p>Laravel provides several database assertions for your <a href="https://pestphp.com">Pest</a> or <a href="https://phpunit.de">PHPUnit</a> feature tests. We'll discuss each of these assertions below.</p> <h4 id="assert-database-count"><a href="#assert-database-count">assertDatabaseCount</a></h4> <p>Assert that a table in the database contains the given number of records:</p> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #FF5572;">$this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">assertDatabaseCount</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #C3E88D;">users</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">, </span><span style="color: #F78C6C;">5</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">);</span></div></code></pre> <h4 id="assert-database-empty"><a href="#assert-database-empty">assertDatabaseEmpty</a></h4> <p>Assert that a table in the database contains no records:</p> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #FF5572;">$this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">assertDatabaseEmpty</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #C3E88D;">users</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">);</span></div></code></pre> <h4 id="assert-database-has"><a href="#assert-database-has">assertDatabaseHas</a></h4> <p>Assert that a table in the database contains records matching the given key / value query constraints:</p> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #FF5572;">$this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">assertDatabaseHas</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #C3E88D;">users</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">, [</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #C3E88D;">email</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">=></span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #C3E88D;"><a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="aeddcfc2c2d7eecbd6cfc3dec2cb80cdc1c3">[email protected]</a></span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">,</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">]);</span></div></code></pre> <h4 id="assert-database-missing"><a href="#assert-database-missing">assertDatabaseMissing</a></h4> <p>Assert that a table in the database does not contain records matching the given key / value query constraints:</p> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #FF5572;">$this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">assertDatabaseMissing</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #C3E88D;">users</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">, [</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #C3E88D;">email</span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">=></span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #C3E88D;"><a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="7704161b1b0e37120f161a071b125914181a">[email protected]</a></span><span style="color: #D9F5DD;">'</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">,</span></div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">]);</span></div></code></pre> <h4 id="assert-deleted"><a href="#assert-deleted">assertSoftDeleted</a></h4> <p>The <code>assertSoftDeleted</code> method may be used to assert a given Eloquent model has been "soft deleted":</p> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #FF5572;">$this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">assertSoftDeleted</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #BEC5D4;">$user</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">);</span></div></code></pre> <h4 id="assert-not-deleted"><a href="#assert-not-deleted">assertNotSoftDeleted</a></h4> <p>The <code>assertNotSoftDeleted</code> method may be used to assert a given Eloquent model hasn't been "soft deleted":</p> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #FF5572;">$this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">assertNotSoftDeleted</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #BEC5D4;">$user</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">);</span></div></code></pre> <h4 id="assert-model-exists"><a href="#assert-model-exists">assertModelExists</a></h4> <p>Assert that a given model exists in the database:</p> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> App\Models\</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">User</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BEC5D4;">$user</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">=</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">User</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">::</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">factory</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">()</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">create</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">();</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #FF5572;">$this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">assertModelExists</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #BEC5D4;">$user</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">);</span></div></code></pre> <h4 id="assert-model-missing"><a href="#assert-model-missing">assertModelMissing</a></h4> <p>Assert that a given model does not exist in the database:</p> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #C792EA;">use</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> App\Models\</span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">User</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">;</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BEC5D4;">$user</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #C792EA;">=</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;"> </span><span style="color: #FFCB8B;">User</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">::</span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">factory</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">()</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">create</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">();</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #BEC5D4;">$user</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">delete</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">();</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #FF5572;">$this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">assertModelMissing</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #BEC5D4;">$user</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">);</span></div></code></pre> <h4 id="expects-database-query-count"><a href="#expects-database-query-count">expectsDatabaseQueryCount</a></h4> <p>The <code>expectsDatabaseQueryCount</code> method may be invoked at the beginning of your test to specify the total number of database queries that you expect to be run during the test. If the actual number of executed queries does not exactly match this expectation, the test will fail:</p> <pre><code data-theme="olaolu-palenight" data-lang="php" class='torchlight' style='background-color: #292D3E; --theme-selection-background: #7580B850;'><div class='line'><span style="color: #FF5572;">$this</span><span style="color: #89DDFF;">-></span><span style="color: #82AAFF;">expectsDatabaseQueryCount</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">(</span><span style="color: #F78C6C;">5</span><span style="color: #BFC7D5;">);</span></div><div class='line'> </div><div class='line'><span style="color: #697098;">//</span><span style="color: #697098;"> Test...</span></div></code></pre><script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script> function setTab(tab, group, save) { save = typeof save === 'undefined' ? true : save document .querySelectorAll(`.tabbed-code[data-group="${group}"] .tabbed-code-nav-button`) .forEach(el => el.classList.remove('active')) document .querySelectorAll(`.tabbed-code[data-group="${group}"] .code-container`) .forEach(el => el.classList.remove('active')) document .querySelectorAll(`.tabbed-code[data-group="${group}"] [data-tab="${tab}"]`) .forEach(el => el.classList.add('active')) if (save) { saveTab(tab, group) } } function getTabs() { try { return JSON.parse(localStorage.tabs) } catch { return {} } } function saveTab(tab, group) { localStorage.tabs = JSON.stringify({ ...getTabs(), [group]: tab, }) } function restoreTabs() { Object.entries(getTabs()).forEach(([group, tab]) => setTab(tab, group, false)) } restoreTabs() </script> <script async type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.carbonads.com/carbon.js?serve=CKYILK3E&placement=laravelcom" id="_carbonads_js"></script> </div> </section> </section> </div> </section> </div> </div> <footer class="relative pt-12 dark:bg-dark-700"> <div class="max-w-screen-2xl mx-auto w-full px-8"> <div> <a href="/" class="inline-flex"> <img class="w-16 h-16" src="/img/logomark.min.svg" alt="Laravel" width="64" height="64" loading="lazy"> </a> </div> <div class="mt-6 grid grid-cols-12 md:gap-x-8 gap-y-12 sm:mt-12"> <div class="col-span-12 lg:col-span-4"> <p class="max-w-sm text-xs text-gray-700 sm:text-sm dark:text-gray-500"> Laravel is a web application framework with expressive, elegant syntax. We believe development must be an enjoyable and creative experience to be truly fulfilling. Laravel attempts to take the pain out of development by easing common tasks used in most web projects.</p> <ul class="mt-6 flex items-center space-x-3"> <li> <a href="https://x.com/laravelphp"> <img class="hidden dark:inline-block w-6 h-6" src="/img/social/x.dark.min.svg" alt="X" width="24" height="20" loading="lazy"> <img class="inline-block dark:hidden w-6 h-6" src="/img/social/x.min.svg" alt="X" width="24" height="20" loading="lazy"> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/laravel"> <img class="hidden dark:inline-block w-6 h-6" src="/img/social/github.dark.min.svg" alt="GitHub" width="24" height="24" loading="lazy"> <img class="inline-block dark:hidden w-6 h-6" src="/img/social/github.min.svg" alt="GitHub" width="24" height="24" loading="lazy"> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://discord.gg/laravel"> <img class="hidden dark:inline-block w-6 h-6" src="/img/social/discord.dark.min.svg" alt="Discord" width="21" height="24" loading="lazy"> <img class="inline-block dark:hidden w-6 h-6" src="/img/social/discord.min.svg" alt="Discord" width="21" height="24" loading="lazy"> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/laravelphp"> <img class="hidden dark:inline-block w-6 h-6" src="/img/social/youtube.dark.min.svg" alt="YouTube" width="169" height="150" loading="lazy"> <img class="inline-block dark:hidden w-6 h-6" src="/img/social/youtube.min.svg" alt="YouTube" width="169" height="150" loading="lazy"> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="text-xs col-span-6 md:col-span-3 lg:col-span-2"> <span class="uppercase dark:text-gray-200">Highlights</span> <div class="mt-5"> <ul class="space-y-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-500"> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/releases" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Release Notes</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/installation" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Getting Started</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/routing" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Routing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/blade" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Blade Templates</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/authentication" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Authentication</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/authorization" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Authorization</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/artisan" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Artisan Console</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/database" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Database</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/eloquent" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Eloquent ORM</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/testing" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Testing</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="text-xs col-span-6 md:col-span-3 lg:col-span-2"> <span class="uppercase dark:text-gray-200">Resources</span> <div class="mt-5"> <ul class="space-y-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-500"> <li> <a href="https://bootcamp.laravel.com" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Laravel Bootcamp</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://laracasts.com" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Laracasts</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://laravel-news.com" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Laravel News</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://laracon.us" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Laracon</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://laracon.au" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Laracon AU</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://laracon.eu/" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Laracon EU</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://laracon.in/" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Laracon India</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://larabelles.com/" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Larabelles</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://laravel.com/careers" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Careers</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://larajobs.com/?partner=5" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Jobs</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://laracasts.com/discuss" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Forums</a> </li> <li> <a href="/trademark" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Trademark</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="text-xs col-span-6 md:col-span-3 lg:col-span-2"> <span class="uppercase dark:text-gray-200">Partners</span> <div class="mt-5"> <ul class="space-y-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-500"> <li> <a href="https://vehikl.com" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Vehikl</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://webreinvent.com/?utm_source=laravel&utm_medium=laravel.com&utm_campaign=footer-link" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">WebReinvent</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://tighten.co" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Tighten</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.bacancytechnology.com/hire-laravel-developer?utm_source=laravel&utm_medium=partners.laravel&utm_campaign=sponsors" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Bacancy</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://64robots.com/" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">64 Robots</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://activelogic.com/" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Active Logic</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.blackairplane.com/" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Black Airplane</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.byte5.net/" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Byte 5</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.curotec.com/services/technologies/laravel/" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Curotec</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.cyber-duck.co.uk/how-we-work/technology/laravel?utm_source=Laravel%20Partner&utm_medium=Sponsorship" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Cyber-Duck</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://devsquad.com/" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">DevSquad</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://jump24.co.uk/" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Jump24</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://kirschbaumdevelopment.com/" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Kirschbaum</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="text-xs col-span-6 md:col-span-3 lg:col-span-2"> <span class="uppercase dark:text-gray-200">Ecosystem</span> <div class="mt-5"> <ul class="space-y-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-500"> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/starter-kits#laravel-breeze" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Breeze</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/billing" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Cashier</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/dusk" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Dusk</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/broadcasting" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Echo</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://envoyer.io" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Envoyer</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://forge.laravel.com" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Forge</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://herd.laravel.com" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Herd</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/horizon" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Horizon</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://inertiajs.com" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Inertia</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://jetstream.laravel.com" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Jetstream</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://livewire.laravel.com" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Livewire</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://nova.laravel.com" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Nova</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/octane" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Octane</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/pennant" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Pennant</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/pint" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Pint</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/prompts" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Prompts</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://pulse.laravel.com" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Pulse</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://reverb.laravel.com" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Reverb</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/sail" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Sail</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/sanctum" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Sanctum</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/scout" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Scout</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/socialite" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Socialite</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://spark.laravel.com" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Spark</a> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/11.x/telescope" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Telescope</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://vapor.laravel.com" class="transition-colors hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-400">Vapor</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mt-10 border-t pt-6 pb-16 border-gray-200 dark:border-dark-500"> <p class="text-xs text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400"> Laravel is a Trademark of Laravel Holdings Inc.<br /> Copyright © 2011-2024 Laravel Holdings Inc. </p> <p class="mt-6 text-xs text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400"> Code highlighting provided by <a href="https://torchlight.dev">Torchlight</a> </p> </div> </div> </footer> <script> var algolia_app_id = 'E3MIRNPJH5'; var algolia_search_key = '1fa3a8fec06eb1858d6ca137211225c0'; var version = '11.x'; </script> <script> var _gaq=[['_setAccount','UA-23865777-1'],['_trackPageview']]; (function(d,t){ var g=d.createElement(t),s=d.getElementsByTagName(t)[0]; g.src=('https:'==location.protocol?'//ssl':'//www')+'.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s) }(document,'script')); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" id="hs-script-loader" async defer src="//js-na1.hs-scripts.com/45240648.js"></script> <div class="fixed"> <input type="text"> </div> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Database Testing - Laravel 11.x - The PHP Framework For Web Artisans