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<span>Career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_work" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_work"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early work</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1940s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1940s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>1940s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1940s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1950s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1950s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>1950s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1950s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1960s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1960s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>1960s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1960s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Final_films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Final_films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Final films</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Final_films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Directorial_style" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Directorial_style"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Directorial style</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Directorial_style-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Retirement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retirement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Retirement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retirement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life_and_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life_and_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Personal life and death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life_and_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filmography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filmography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Filmography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filmography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Awards and honors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Billy Wilder</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 67 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">67 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="بيلي وايلدر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيلي وايلدر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billi_Vaylder" title="Billi Vaylder – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Billi Vaylder" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="বিলি ওয়াইল্ডার – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বিলি ওয়াইল্ডার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%A3%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Білі Уайлдэр – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Білі Уайлдэр" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%A3%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Били Уайлдър – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Били Уайлдър" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B9_%CE%93%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AC%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81" title="Μπίλι Γουάιλντερ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπίλι Γουάιλντερ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="بیلی وایلدر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بیلی وایلدر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%8C%EB%A6%AC_%EC%99%80%EC%9D%BC%EB%8D%94" title="빌리 와일더 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="빌리 와일더" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AC%D5%AB_%D5%88%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AC%D5%A4%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Բիլլի Ուայլդեր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բիլլի Ուայլդեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99_%D7%95%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%93%D7%A8" title="בילי ויילדר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בילי ויילדר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Wilder" title="Bill Wilder – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Bill Wilder" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ბილი უაილდერი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბილი უაილდერი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%A3%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Билли Уайлдер – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Билли Уайлдер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulielmus_Wilder" title="Gulielmus Wilder – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gulielmus Wilder" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billijs_Vailders" title="Billijs Vailders – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Billijs Vailders" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ბილი უაილდერი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბილი უაილდერი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%89_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="بيلى وايلدر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيلى وايلدر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%83%80%E3%83%BC" title="ビリー・ワイルダー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ビリー・ワイルダー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B0" title="ਬਿਲੀ ਵਾਈਲਡਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਿਲੀ ਵਾਈਲਡਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84%DA%88%D8%B1" title="بلی وائلڈر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بلی وائلڈر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Уайлдер, Билли – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Уайлдер, Билли" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%DA%B5%DB%8C_%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%B5%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B1" title="بیڵی وایڵدەر – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بیڵی وایڵدەر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Били Вајлдер – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Били Вајлдер" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Біллі Вайлдер – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Біллі Вайлдер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Billy Wilder" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E6%80%80%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7" title="比利·怀尔德 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="比利·怀尔德" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%87%B7%E7%89%B9" title="比利懷特 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="比利懷特" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E6%87%B7%E5%BE%B7" title="比利·懷德 – Chinese" lang="zh" 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free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American filmmaker (1906–2002)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/William_Wyler" title="William Wyler">William Wyler</a> or <a href="/wiki/William_Wilder" title="William Wilder">William Wilder</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Billy Wilder</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Billy_Wilder.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Billy_Wilder.jpg/220px-Billy_Wilder.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Billy_Wilder.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="293" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Wilder, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1942</span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Samuel Wilder</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1906-06-22</span>)</span>June 22, 1906<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Sucha_Beskidzka" title="Sucha Beskidzka">Sucha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Galicia_and_Lodomeria" title="Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria">Galicia</a>, Austria-Hungary</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">March 27, 2002<span style="display:none">(2002-03-27)</span> (aged 95)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills,_California" title="Beverly Hills, California">Beverly Hills, California</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Film director</li><li>screenwriter</li><li>producer</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1929–1981</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Works</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder_filmography" title="Billy Wilder filmography">Full list</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Judith Coppicus</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1936; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1946)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Audrey_Young" title="Audrey Young">Audrey Young</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1949)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/W._Lee_Wilder" title="W. Lee Wilder">W. Lee Wilder</a> (brother)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Myles_Wilder" title="Myles Wilder">Myles Wilder</a> (nephew)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Curtis_(producer)" title="Patrick Curtis (producer)">Patrick Curtis</a> (nephew)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Billy_Wilder" title="List of awards and nominations received by Billy Wilder">Full list</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Billy Wilder</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'w' in 'wind'">w</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/ər/: 'er' in 'letter'">ər</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">German:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈvɪldɐ]</a></span>; born <b>Samuel Wilder</b>; June 22, 1906 – March 27, 2002) was an American filmmaker and screenwriter. He was born in <a href="/wiki/Sucha_Beskidzka" title="Sucha Beskidzka">Sucha Beskidzka</a>, Poland, a town in Austria-Hungary at the time of his birth.<sup id="cite_ref-"Polish_Town_Goes_Wild_Over_Wilder"_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-"Polish_Town_Goes_Wild_Over_Wilder"-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His career in <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_(film_industry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hollywood (film industry)">Hollywood</a> spanned five decades, and he is regarded as one of the most brilliant and versatile filmmakers of <a href="/wiki/Classic_Hollywood_cinema" class="mw-redirect" title="Classic Hollywood cinema">Classic Hollywood cinema</a>. He received seven <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a> (among 21 nominations), a <a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="BAFTA Award">BAFTA Award</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival" title="Cannes Film Festival">Cannes Film Festival</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Palme_d%27Or" title="Palme d'Or">Palme d'Or</a> and two <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Awards" title="Golden Globe Awards">Golden Globe Awards</a>. </p><p>Wilder became a screenwriter while living in Berlin. The rise of the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party" title="Nazi Party">Nazi Party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemitism</a> in Germany saw him move to Paris. He then moved to Hollywood in 1934, and had a major hit when he, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Brackett" title="Charles Brackett">Charles Brackett</a> and <a href="/wiki/Walter_Reisch" title="Walter Reisch">Walter Reisch</a> wrote the screenplay for the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award">Academy Award</a>-nominated film <i><a href="/wiki/Ninotchka" title="Ninotchka">Ninotchka</a></i> (1939). Wilder established his directorial reputation and received his first nomination for the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Academy Award for Best Director">Academy Award for Best Director</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">film noir</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Double_Indemnity" title="Double Indemnity">Double Indemnity</a></i> (1944), based on <a href="/wiki/Double_Indemnity_(novel)" title="Double Indemnity (novel)">the novel</a> by <a href="/wiki/James_M._Cain" title="James M. Cain">James M. Cain</a> with a screenplay by Wilder and <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Chandler" title="Raymond Chandler">Raymond Chandler</a>. Wilder won the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Academy Award for Best Director">Best Director</a> and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Adapted_Screenplay" title="Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay">Best Screenplay</a> Academy Awards for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Weekend" title="The Lost Weekend">The Lost Weekend</a></i> (1945), which also won the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award">Academy Award</a> for <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Best Picture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1950s, Wilder directed and co-wrote a string of critically acclaimed films, including the Hollywood-set drama <i><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Boulevard_(film)" title="Sunset Boulevard (film)">Sunset Boulevard</a></i> (1950), for which he won his second screenplay Academy Award; <i><a href="/wiki/Ace_in_the_Hole_(1951_film)" title="Ace in the Hole (1951 film)">Ace in the Hole</a></i> (1951), <i><a href="/wiki/Stalag_17" title="Stalag 17">Stalag 17</a></i> (1953) and <i><a href="/wiki/Sabrina_(1954_film)" title="Sabrina (1954 film)">Sabrina</a></i> (1954).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wilder directed and co-wrote three films in 1957: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Spirit_of_St._Louis_(film)" title="The Spirit of St. Louis (film)">The Spirit of St. Louis</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Love_in_the_Afternoon_(1957_film)" title="Love in the Afternoon (1957 film)">Love in the Afternoon</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Witness_for_the_Prosecution_(1957_film)" title="Witness for the Prosecution (1957 film)">Witness for the Prosecution</a></i>. During this period, Wilder also directed <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe" title="Marilyn Monroe">Marilyn Monroe</a> in two films, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Seven_Year_Itch" title="The Seven Year Itch">The Seven Year Itch</a></i> (1955) and <i><a href="/wiki/Some_Like_It_Hot" title="Some Like It Hot">Some Like It Hot</a></i> (1959).<sup id="cite_ref-DavidCookhis_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DavidCookhis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1960, Wilder co-wrote, directed and produced the critically acclaimed film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Apartment" title="The Apartment">The Apartment</a></i>. It won Wilder Academy Awards for <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Best Picture</a>, Best Director and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Screenplay" title="Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay">Best Original Screenplay</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other notable films Wilder directed include <i><a href="/wiki/One,_Two,_Three" title="One, Two, Three">One, Two, Three</a></i> (1961), <i><a href="/wiki/Irma_la_Douce" title="Irma la Douce">Irma la Douce</a></i> (1963), <i><a href="/wiki/Kiss_Me,_Stupid" title="Kiss Me, Stupid">Kiss Me, Stupid</a></i> (1964), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fortune_Cookie" title="The Fortune Cookie">The Fortune Cookie</a></i> (1966) and <i><a href="/wiki/Avanti!" title="Avanti!">Avanti!</a></i> (1972). </p><p>Wilder received various honors over his career, including the <a href="/wiki/AFI_Life_Achievement_Award" title="AFI Life Achievement Award">AFI Life Achievement Award</a> in 1986, the <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Kennedy Center Honors</a> in 1990, the <a href="/wiki/National_Medal_of_Arts" title="National Medal of Arts">National Medal of Arts</a> in 1993 and the <a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Fellowship" title="BAFTA Fellowship">BAFTA Fellowship Award</a> in 1995. He also received the <a href="/wiki/Directors_Guild_of_America" title="Directors Guild of America">Directors Guild of America</a>'s Lifetime Achievement Award, the <a href="/wiki/Laurel_Award_for_Screenwriting_Achievement" title="Laurel Award for Screenwriting Achievement">Laurel Award for Screenwriting Achievement</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Producers_Guild_of_America" title="Producers Guild of America">Producers Guild of America</a>'s Lifetime Achievement Award.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seven of his films are preserved in the United States <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> as being "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant". </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Samuel Wilder (<a href="/wiki/Yiddish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Yiddish language">Yiddish</a>: <span lang="yi" dir="rtl">שמואל װילדער</span> <i>Shmuel Vilder</i><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) was born on June 22, 1906,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to a <a href="/wiki/Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish">Jewish</a> family<sup id="cite_ref-Sikov_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sikov-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/Sucha_Beskidzka" title="Sucha Beskidzka">Sucha</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-"Polish_Town_Goes_Wild_Over_Wilder"_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-"Polish_Town_Goes_Wild_Over_Wilder"-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a small town in Galicia, present-day Poland, then part of the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Hungarian Empire">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a>. Years later in Hollywood, he would describe it as being "Half an hour from Vienna. By telegraph."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His parents were Eugenia (<i>née</i> Dittler), from <a href="/wiki/Zakopane" title="Zakopane">Zakopane</a>, and Max Wilder, from <a href="/wiki/Stanislawczyk" class="mw-redirect" title="Stanislawczyk">Stanislawczyk</a>; they met in <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a> where Billy spent his early years.<sup id="cite_ref-Sikov_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sikov-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His mother described him as a "rambunctious kid"; inspired by <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Bill" title="Buffalo Bill">Buffalo Bill's</a> <a href="/wiki/Wild_West_shows" title="Wild West shows">Wild West Shows</a>, which she saw while living briefly in New York, she nicknamed him "Billie", which he changed to "Billy" upon moving to America.<sup id="cite_ref-Hamrah_AS_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hamrah_AS-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wilder's elder brother, <a href="/wiki/W._Lee_Wilder" title="W. Lee Wilder">W. Lee Wilder</a>, was also a filmmaker. His parents had a successful cake shop in Sucha's train station that flourished into a chain of railroad cafes. Eugenia and Max Wilder did not persuade their son to join the family business. Max moved to Kraków to manage a hotel before moving to Vienna and dying when Billy was 22 years old.<sup id="cite_ref-Hamrah_AS_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hamrah_AS-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the family moved to Vienna, Wilder became a journalist instead of attending the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Vienna" title="University of Vienna">University of Vienna</a>. In 1926, jazz band leader <a href="/wiki/Paul_Whiteman" title="Paul Whiteman">Paul Whiteman</a> was on tour in Vienna where he was interviewed by Wilder.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whiteman liked young Wilder enough that he took him with the band to <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, where Wilder was able to make more connections in entertainment. </p><p>Before achieving success as a writer, he was a <a href="/wiki/Taxi_dancer" title="Taxi dancer">taxi dancer</a> in Berlin.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_work">Early work</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Douglas-Ninotchka.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Douglas-Ninotchka.jpg/175px-Douglas-Ninotchka.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Douglas-Ninotchka.jpg/263px-Douglas-Ninotchka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Douglas-Ninotchka.jpg/350px-Douglas-Ninotchka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="589" data-file-height="792" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Greta_Garbo" title="Greta Garbo">Greta Garbo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Melvyn_Douglas" title="Melvyn Douglas">Melvyn Douglas</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Ninotchka" title="Ninotchka">Ninotchka</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>After writing crime and sports stories as a <a href="/wiki/Stringer_(journalism)" title="Stringer (journalism)">stringer</a> for local newspapers, he was eventually offered a regular job at a Berlin <a href="/wiki/Tabloid_(newspaper_format)" title="Tabloid (newspaper format)">tabloid</a>. Developing an interest in film, he began working as a screenwriter. From 1929 to 1933, he produced twelve German films. He collaborated with several other novices (<a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Siodmak" title="Robert Siodmak">Robert Siodmak</a>) on the 1930 film <i><a href="/wiki/Menschen_am_Sonntag" class="mw-redirect" title="Menschen am Sonntag">People on Sunday</a></i>. Eschewing the <a href="/wiki/German_Expressionism_(cinema)" class="mw-redirect" title="German Expressionism (cinema)">German Expressionist</a> styles of <a href="/wiki/F._W._Murnau" title="F. W. Murnau">F. W. Murnau</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Lang" title="Fritz Lang">Fritz Lang</a>, <i>People on Sunday</i> was considered as a groundbreaking example of the <a href="/wiki/Neue_Sachlichkeit" class="mw-redirect" title="Neue Sachlichkeit">Neue Sachlichkeit</a> or <a href="/wiki/New_Objectivity" title="New Objectivity">New Objectivity</a> movement in German cinema. Furthermore, this genre of Strassenfilm ("street film") paved way to the birth of <a href="/wiki/Italian_neorealism" title="Italian neorealism">Italian neorealism</a> and the <a href="/wiki/French_New_Wave" title="French New Wave">French New Wave</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hamrah_AS_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hamrah_AS-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He wrote the screenplay for the 1931 film adaptation of a novel by <a href="/wiki/Erich_K%C3%A4stner" title="Erich Kästner">Erich Kästner</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Emil_and_the_Detectives_(1931_film)" title="Emil and the Detectives (1931 film)">Emil and the Detectives</a></i>, also screenplays for the comedy <i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_in_Search_of_His_Murderer" title="The Man in Search of His Murderer">The Man in Search of His Murderer</a></i> (1931), the operetta <i><a href="/wiki/Her_Grace_Commands" title="Her Grace Commands">Her Grace Commands</a></i> (1931) and the comedy <i><a href="/wiki/A_Blonde_Dream" title="A Blonde Dream">A Blonde Dream</a></i> (1932), all of them produced in the <a href="/wiki/Babelsberg_Studio" title="Babelsberg Studio">Babelsberg Studios</a> in <a href="/wiki/Potsdam" title="Potsdam">Potsdam</a> near Berlin.<sup id="cite_ref-100_Facts_about_Babelsberg_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100_Facts_about_Babelsberg-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1932, Wilder collaborated with the writer and journalist Felix Salten on the screenplay for "Scampolo".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler%27s_rise_to_power" title="Adolf Hitler's rise to power">Adolf Hitler's rise to power</a>, Wilder went to Paris, where he made his directorial debut film <i><a href="/wiki/Mauvaise_Graine" title="Mauvaise Graine">Mauvaise Graine</a></i> (1934). He relocated to Hollywood prior to its release.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Wilder's mother, grandmother and stepfather were all victims of the <a href="/wiki/Holocaust" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust">Holocaust</a>. For decades it was assumed that it happened at <a href="/wiki/Auschwitz_Concentration_Camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Auschwitz Concentration Camp">Auschwitz Concentration Camp</a>, but, while researching Polish and Israeli archives, his Austrian biographer Andreas Hutter discovered in 2011 that they were murdered in different locations: his mother, Eugenia "Gitla" Siedlisker, in 1943 at <a href="/wiki/Plaszow_concentration_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Plaszow concentration camp">Plaszow</a>; his stepfather, Bernard "Berl" Siedlisker, in 1942 at <a href="/wiki/Belzec_concentration_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Belzec concentration camp">Belzec</a>; and his grandmother, Balbina Baldinger, died in 1943 in the ghetto in <a href="/wiki/Nowy_Targ" title="Nowy Targ">Nowy Targ</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After arriving in Hollywood in 1934, Wilder continued working as a screenwriter. He became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1939, having spent time in Mexico waiting for the government after his six-month card expired in 1934, an episode reflected in his 1941 <i><a href="/wiki/Hold_Back_the_Dawn" title="Hold Back the Dawn">Hold Back the Dawn</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Armstrong2004_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Armstrong2004-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wilder's first significant success was <i><a href="/wiki/Ninotchka" title="Ninotchka">Ninotchka</a></i>, a collaboration with fellow German immigrant <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Lubitsch" title="Ernst Lubitsch">Ernst Lubitsch</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">romantic comedy</a> starred <a href="/wiki/Greta_Garbo" title="Greta Garbo">Greta Garbo</a> (generally known as a <a href="/wiki/Tragedy" title="Tragedy">tragic</a> heroine in film <a href="/wiki/Melodrama" title="Melodrama">melodramas</a>), and was popularly and critically acclaimed. With the byline "Garbo Laughs!", it also took Garbo's career in a new direction. The film marked Wilder's first Academy Award nomination, which he shared with co-writer <a href="/wiki/Charles_Brackett" title="Charles Brackett">Charles Brackett</a> (although their collaboration on <i><a href="/wiki/Bluebeard%27s_Eighth_Wife" title="Bluebeard's Eighth Wife">Bluebeard's Eighth Wife</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Midnight_(1939_film)" title="Midnight (1939 film)">Midnight</a></i> had been well received). Wilder co-wrote many of his films with Brackett from 1938 to 1950. Brackett described their collaboration process: "The thing to do was suggest an idea, have it torn apart and despised. In a few days it would be apt to turn up, slightly changed, as Wilder's idea. Once I got adjusted to that way of working, our lives were simpler."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1940s">1940s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1940s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Double-Indemnity-LIFE-1944-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Double-Indemnity-LIFE-1944-2.jpg/220px-Double-Indemnity-LIFE-1944-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Double-Indemnity-LIFE-1944-2.jpg/330px-Double-Indemnity-LIFE-1944-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Double-Indemnity-LIFE-1944-2.jpg/440px-Double-Indemnity-LIFE-1944-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1163" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fred_MacMurray" title="Fred MacMurray">Fred MacMurray</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Stanwyck" title="Barbara Stanwyck">Barbara Stanwyck</a> in <i>Double Indemnity</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Wilder continued his screenwriting career with a series of box office hits in the early 1940s, including the romantic drama <i><a href="/wiki/Hold_Back_the_Dawn" title="Hold Back the Dawn">Hold Back the Dawn</a></i> and the screwball comedy <i><a href="/wiki/Ball_of_Fire" title="Ball of Fire">Ball of Fire</a></i>. Both films earned him nominations for the 1941 Academy Awards in the categories of <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Adapted_Screenplay" title="Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay">Best Adapted Screenplay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Story" title="Academy Award for Best Story">Best Story</a> respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wilder made his Hollywood directorial debut in 1942 with <i><a href="/wiki/The_Major_and_the_Minor" title="The Major and the Minor">The Major and the Minor</a></i>, a comedy starring <a href="/wiki/Ginger_Rogers" title="Ginger Rogers">Ginger Rogers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ray_Milland" title="Ray Milland">Ray Milland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His third Hollywood film as director, the <a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">film noir</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Double_Indemnity" title="Double Indemnity">Double Indemnity</a></i> (1944), starring <a href="/wiki/Fred_MacMurray" title="Fred MacMurray">Fred MacMurray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Stanwyck" title="Barbara Stanwyck">Barbara Stanwyck</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edward_G._Robinson" title="Edward G. Robinson">Edward G. Robinson</a>, was a major hit. It was nominated for seven Academy Awards including Best Picture, Director, Screenplay and Actress; Wilder co-wrote it with <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Chandler" title="Raymond Chandler">Raymond Chandler</a>. The film not only set conventions for the noir genre (such as "venetian blind" lighting and voice-over narration), but is a landmark in the battle against Hollywood censorship. Based on <a href="/wiki/James_M._Cain" title="James M. Cain">James M. Cain</a>'s novel, it featured two love triangles and a murder plotted for insurance money. While the book was popular with the reading public, it had been considered unfilmable under the <a href="/wiki/Hays_Code" title="Hays Code">Hays Code</a> because adultery was central to the plot. </p><p>In 1945, the <a href="/wiki/Psychological_Warfare_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychological Warfare Department">Psychological Warfare Department</a> of the United States Department of War produced an American documentary film directed by Wilder. The film known as <i><a href="/wiki/Death_Mills" title="Death Mills">Death Mills</a></i>, or <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Todesm%C3%BChlen" class="extiw" title="de:Die Todesmühlen"><i>Die Todesmühlen</i></a>, was intended for German audiences to educate them about the atrocities committed by the Nazi regime. For the German version, <i>Die Todesmühlen</i>, <a href="/wiki/Hanu%C5%A1_Burger" title="Hanuš Burger">Hanuš Burger</a> is credited as the writer and director, while Wilder supervised the editing. Wilder is credited with the English-language version. </p><p>Two years later, Wilder adapted from <a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Jackson" title="Charles R. Jackson">Charles R. Jackson</a>'s novel <a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Weekend_(novel)" title="The Lost Weekend (novel)"><i>The Lost Weekend</i></a> into <a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Weekend_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Lost Weekend (film)">a film of the same name</a>. It was the first major American film with a serious examination of alcoholism, another difficult theme under the <a href="/wiki/Motion_Picture_Production_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="Motion Picture Production Code">Production Code</a>. It follows an alcoholic writer (<a href="/wiki/Ray_Milland" title="Ray Milland">Ray Milland</a>) opposing the protestations of his girlfriend (<a href="/wiki/Jane_Wyman" title="Jane Wyman">Jane Wyman</a>). The film earned critical acclaim after it premiered at the <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival" title="Cannes Film Festival">Cannes Film Festival</a> and competed in the main competition, where it received the Festival's top prize, the <a href="/wiki/Palme_d%27Or" title="Palme d'Or">Palme d'Or</a>, and four Academy Awards including for <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Best Picture</a>. Wilder earned the Oscars for <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Academy Award for Best Director">Best Director</a> and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Adapted_Screenplay" title="Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay">Best Screenplay</a> and Milland won <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Actor">Best Actor</a>. The film remained to be one of the three films, winning both the Academy Award for Best Picture and the Cannes Film Festival's Palme d' Or, alongside <i><a href="/wiki/Marty_(film)" title="Marty (film)">Marty</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Parasite_(2019_film)" title="Parasite (2019 film)">Parasite</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1950s">1950s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1950s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gloria_Swanson_%26_Billy_Wilder_-_ca._1950.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gloria_Swanson_%26_Billy_Wilder_-_ca._1950.JPG/175px-Gloria_Swanson_%26_Billy_Wilder_-_ca._1950.JPG" decoding="async" width="175" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gloria_Swanson_%26_Billy_Wilder_-_ca._1950.JPG/263px-Gloria_Swanson_%26_Billy_Wilder_-_ca._1950.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gloria_Swanson_%26_Billy_Wilder_-_ca._1950.JPG/350px-Gloria_Swanson_%26_Billy_Wilder_-_ca._1950.JPG 2x" data-file-width="654" data-file-height="795" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Swanson" title="Gloria Swanson">Gloria Swanson</a> with Wilder on the set of <i>Sunset Boulevard</i></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1950, Wilder co-wrote and directed the cynical noir film <i><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Boulevard_(film)" title="Sunset Boulevard (film)">Sunset Boulevard</a></i>. It follows a reclusive silent film actress (<a href="/wiki/Gloria_Swanson" title="Gloria Swanson">Gloria Swanson</a>), who dreams of a comeback with delusions of her greatness from a bygone era. She accompanies an aspiring screenwriter (<a href="/wiki/William_Holden" title="William Holden">William Holden</a>), who becomes her <a href="/wiki/Gigolo" title="Gigolo">gigolo</a> partner. This critically acclaimed film was the final film Wilder collaborated with Brackett. The film was nominated for eleven Academy Awards; together Wilder and Brackett won the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Screenplay" title="Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay">Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay</a>. </p><p>In 1951, Wilder directed <i><a href="/wiki/Ace_in_the_Hole_(1951_film)" title="Ace in the Hole (1951 film)">Ace in the Hole</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>The Big Carnival</i>) starring <a href="/wiki/Kirk_Douglas" title="Kirk Douglas">Kirk Douglas</a> in a tale of media exploitation of a caving accident. The idea had been pitched over the phone to Wilder's secretary by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Victor_Desny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Victor Desny (page does not exist)">Victor Desny</a>. Desny sued Wilder for breach of an implied contract in the California copyright case <i>Wilder v Desny</i>, ultimately receiving a settlement of $14,350.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although a critical and commercial failure at the time, its reputation has grown over the years. The following year, Wilder announced plans to direct and produce a film version of the <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a> <a href="/wiki/Tragedy" title="Tragedy">tragedy</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Oedipus_Rex" title="Oedipus Rex">Oedipus Rex</a></i>, adapted for the screen by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Reisch" title="Walter Reisch">Walter Reisch</a>. They planned to shoot the film on location in <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> in <a href="/wiki/Technicolor" title="Technicolor">Technicolor</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but it never went into production. </p><p>Subsequently, Wilder directed three adaptations of Broadway plays, war drama <i><a href="/wiki/Stalag_17" title="Stalag 17">Stalag 17</a></i>, for which William Holden won the Best Actor Academy Award, romantic comedy <i><a href="/wiki/Sabrina_(1954_film)" title="Sabrina (1954 film)">Sabrina</a></i>, for which <a href="/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn" title="Audrey Hepburn">Audrey Hepburn</a> was nominated for Best Actress, and romantic comedy <i><a href="/wiki/The_Seven_Year_Itch" title="The Seven Year Itch">The Seven Year Itch</a></i>, which features the iconic image of <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe" title="Marilyn Monroe">Marilyn Monroe</a> standing on a subway grate as her white dress is blown upwards by a passing train. Wilder was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director for the first two films and shared a nomination for Best Screenplay for the second. He was interested in doing a film with one of the classic slapstick comedy acts of the Hollywood Golden Age. He first considered, and rejected, a project to star <a href="/wiki/Laurel_and_Hardy" title="Laurel and Hardy">Laurel and Hardy</a>. He held discussions with <a href="/wiki/Groucho_Marx" title="Groucho Marx">Groucho Marx</a> concerning a new <a href="/wiki/Marx_Brothers" title="Marx Brothers">Marx Brothers</a> comedy, tentatively titled <i>A Day at the U.N</i>. The project was abandoned after <a href="/wiki/Chico_Marx" title="Chico Marx">Chico Marx</a> died in 1961.<sup id="cite_ref-Gore_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gore-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1957, three films Wilder directed were released: <a href="/wiki/Biopic" class="mw-redirect" title="Biopic">biopic</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Spirit_of_St._Louis_(film)" title="The Spirit of St. Louis (film)">The Spirit of St. Louis</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> as <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles Lindbergh</a>, romantic comedy <i><a href="/wiki/Love_in_the_Afternoon_(1957_film)" title="Love in the Afternoon (1957 film)">Love in the Afternoon</a></i>—Wilder's first screenplay with <a href="/wiki/I._A._L._Diamond" title="I. A. L. Diamond">I. A. L. Diamond</a>, who would become his regular partner—featuring <a href="/wiki/Gary_Cooper" title="Gary Cooper">Gary Cooper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Chevalier" title="Maurice Chevalier">Maurice Chevalier</a> and Audrey Hepburn, and courtroom drama <i><a href="/wiki/Witness_for_the_Prosecution_(1957_film)" title="Witness for the Prosecution (1957 film)">Witness for the Prosecution</a></i>, featuring <a href="/wiki/Tyrone_Power" title="Tyrone Power">Tyrone Power</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marlene_Dietrich" title="Marlene Dietrich">Marlene Dietrich</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Laughton" title="Charles Laughton">Charles Laughton</a>. Wilder received an Academy Award nomination for Best Director for the last film. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Some_like_it_hot_film_poster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Some_like_it_hot_film_poster.jpg/220px-Some_like_it_hot_film_poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Some_like_it_hot_film_poster.jpg/330px-Some_like_it_hot_film_poster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Some_like_it_hot_film_poster.jpg/440px-Some_like_it_hot_film_poster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2575" data-file-height="2120" /></a><figcaption>Curtis, Lemmon and Monroe in <i><a href="/wiki/Some_Like_It_Hot" title="Some Like It Hot">Some Like It Hot</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1959, Wilder reunited with Monroe in the United Artists released Prohibition-era farce film <i><a href="/wiki/Some_Like_It_Hot" title="Some Like It Hot">Some Like It Hot</a></i>. It was released, however, without a <a href="/wiki/Motion_Picture_Production_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="Motion Picture Production Code">Production Code</a> seal of approval, which was withheld due to the film's unabashed sexual comedy, including a central cross-dressing theme. <a href="/wiki/Jack_Lemmon" title="Jack Lemmon">Jack Lemmon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tony_Curtis" title="Tony Curtis">Tony Curtis</a> played musicians disguised as women to escape pursuit by a Chicago gang. Curtis's character courts a singer (Monroe), while Lemmon is wooed by <a href="/wiki/Joe_E._Brown_(comedian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Joe E. Brown (comedian)">Joe E. Brown</a> – setting up the film's final joke in which Lemmon reveals that his character is a man and Brown blandly replies "Well, nobody's perfect". A box office success, the film was lightly regarded by film critics during its original release, although it did receive six Academy Award nominations, including for Best Director and Best Screenplay. But its critical reputation grew prodigiously; in 2000, the <a href="/wiki/American_Film_Institute" title="American Film Institute">American Film Institute</a> selected it as the best American comedy ever made.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, the <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a> decennial <i><a href="/wiki/Sight_and_Sound" title="Sight and Sound">Sight and Sound</a></i> poll of the world's film critics rated it as the 43rd best movie ever made, and the second-highest-ranking comedy.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1960s">1960s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1960s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_apartment_trailer_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/The_apartment_trailer_1.JPG/220px-The_apartment_trailer_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/The_apartment_trailer_1.JPG/330px-The_apartment_trailer_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/The_apartment_trailer_1.JPG/440px-The_apartment_trailer_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="816" /></a><figcaption>Lemmon and <a href="/wiki/Shirley_MacLaine" title="Shirley MacLaine">Shirley MacLaine</a> in <i>The Apartment</i></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1960, Wilder directed the comedy romance film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Apartment" title="The Apartment">The Apartment</a></i>. It follows an insurance clerk (Lemmon), who allows his coworkers to use his apartment to conduct extramarital affairs until he meets an elevator woman (<a href="/wiki/Shirley_MacLaine" title="Shirley MacLaine">Shirley MacLaine</a>). The film was a critical success with <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> film critic <a href="/wiki/Bosley_Crowther" title="Bosley Crowther">Bosley Crowther</a>, who called the film "gleeful, tender, and even sentimental" and Wilder's direction "ingenious".<sup id="cite_ref-Crowther_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crowther-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film received ten <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a> nominations and won five awards, including three for Wilder: Best Picture, Best Director and Best Screenplay. </p><p>Wilder directed the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> political farce film <i><a href="/wiki/One,_Two,_Three" title="One, Two, Three">One, Two, Three</a></i> (1961), starring <a href="/wiki/James_Cagney" title="James Cagney">James Cagney</a>, which won critical praise with <i><a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a></i> writing, "Billy Wilder's <i>One, Two, Three</i> is a fast-paced, high-pitched, hard-hitting, lighthearted farce crammed with topical gags and spiced with satirical overtones. Story is so furiously quick-witted that some of its wit gets snarled and smothered in overlap."<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was followed by the romantic comedy <i><a href="/wiki/Irma_la_Douce" title="Irma la Douce">Irma la Douce</a></i> (1963) starring Lemmon and MacLaine. The film was the <a href="/wiki/1963_in_film" title="1963 in film">fifth highest-grossing film</a> of the year. Wilder received a <a href="/wiki/Writers_Guild_of_America_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Writers Guild of America Award">Writers Guild of America Award</a> nomination for his screenplay. Wilder then wrote and directed the sex comedy film <i><a href="/wiki/Kiss_Me,_Stupid" title="Kiss Me, Stupid">Kiss Me, Stupid</a></i> starring <a href="/wiki/Dean_Martin" title="Dean Martin">Dean Martin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kim_Novak" title="Kim Novak">Kim Novak</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ray_Walston" title="Ray Walston">Ray Walston</a>, who was a last minute replacement for ailing <a href="/wiki/Peter_Sellers" title="Peter Sellers">Peter Sellers</a>. The film was criticized by some critics for vulgarity, with <a href="/wiki/Bosley_Crowther" title="Bosley Crowther">Bosley Crowther</a> blaming the film for giving American movies the reputation of "deliberate and degenerate corruptors of public taste and morals".<sup id="cite_ref-McNally2010_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McNally2010-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A. H. Weiler of the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i> called the film "pitifully unfunny". Wilder gained his final <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award">Academy Award</a> nomination and a <a href="/wiki/Writers_Guild_of_America_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Writers Guild of America Award">Writers Guild of America Award</a> nomination for the screenplay of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fortune_Cookie" title="The Fortune Cookie">The Fortune Cookie</a></i>, which he co-produced through his independent film company, Phalanx Productions. It was the first film pairing Jack Lemmon with <a href="/wiki/Walter_Matthau" title="Walter Matthau">Walter Matthau</a>. The film was titled <i>Meet Whiplash Willie</i> in the United Kingdom. In 1970, he directed <i><a href="/wiki/The_Private_Life_of_Sherlock_Holmes" title="The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes">The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes</a></i>, also made through Phalanx Productions, which was intended as a major <a href="/wiki/Roadshow_theatrical_release" title="Roadshow theatrical release">roadshow theatrical release</a>, but to Wilder's dismay was heavily cut by the studio.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Final_films">Final films</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Final films"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He produced and directed the comedy film <i><a href="/wiki/Avanti!" title="Avanti!">Avanti!</a></i>, again through Phalanx Productions, which follows a businessman (Lemmon) attempting to retrieve the body of his deceased father from Italy. Wilder received two <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globe Award">Golden Globe Award</a> nominations for <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Director">Best Director</a> and <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay">Best Screenplay</a>, and a <a href="/wiki/Writers_Guild_of_America_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Writers Guild of America Award">Writers Guild of America Award</a> nomination. Wilder directed <i><a href="/wiki/The_Front_Page_(1974_film)" title="The Front Page (1974 film)">The Front Page</a></i> based on the <a href="/wiki/The_Front_Page" title="The Front Page">Broadway play</a> of the same name. It was a significant financial success with low budget. His final films, <i><a href="/wiki/Fedora_(1978_film)" title="Fedora (1978 film)">Fedora</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Buddy" title="Buddy Buddy">Buddy Buddy</a></i>, failed to impress critics or the public, although <i>Fedora</i> has since been re-evaluated and is now considered favorably.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wilder had hoped to make <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Keneally" title="Thomas Keneally">Thomas Keneally</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Schindler%27s_Ark" title="Schindler's Ark">Schindler's Ark</a></i> as his final film, saying "I wanted to do it as a kind of memorial to my mother and my grandmother and my stepfather," who had all been murdered in the <a href="/wiki/Holocaust" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust">Holocaust</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Crowe1999_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crowe1999-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He praised <a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg's</a> adaptation, <i><a href="/wiki/Schindler%27s_List" title="Schindler's List">Schindler's List</a></i>. To those who <a href="/wiki/Holocaust_denial" title="Holocaust denial">denied the Holocaust</a>, Wilder wrote in a German newspaper, "If the concentration camps and the gas chambers were all imaginary, then please tell me—where is my mother?"<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Directorial_style">Directorial style</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Directorial style"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wilder's directorial choices reflected his belief in the primacy of writing. He avoided, especially in the second half of his career, the exuberant cinematography of <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> because, in Wilder's opinion, shots that called attention to themselves would distract the audience from the story. Wilder's films have tight plotting and memorable dialogue. Despite his conservative directorial style, his subject matter often pushed the boundaries of mainstream entertainment. Once a subject was chosen, he would begin to visualize in terms of specific artists. His belief was that no matter how talented the actor, none were without limitations and the result would be better if you bent the script to their personality rather than force a performance beyond their limitations.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wilder was skilled at working with actors, coaxing <a href="/wiki/Silent_film" title="Silent film">silent era</a> legends <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Swanson" title="Gloria Swanson">Gloria Swanson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Erich_von_Stroheim" title="Erich von Stroheim">Erich von Stroheim</a> out of retirement for roles in <i><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Boulevard_(film)" title="Sunset Boulevard (film)">Sunset Boulevard</a></i>. Regarding Wilder's more comedic films, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a> wrote: "he took the characters seriously, or at least as seriously as the material allowed, and got a lot of the laughs by playing scenes straight."<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For <i><a href="/wiki/Stalag_17" title="Stalag 17">Stalag 17</a></i>, Wilder squeezed an Oscar-winning performance out of a reluctant <a href="/wiki/William_Holden" title="William Holden">William Holden</a> (Holden had wanted to make his character more likable; Wilder refused). At a casting meeting, Wilder reportedly said, "I'm tired of clichéd typecasting—the same people in every film."<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An example of this is Wilder's casting of <a href="/wiki/Fred_MacMurray" title="Fred MacMurray">Fred MacMurray</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Double_Indemnity" title="Double Indemnity">Double Indemnity</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Apartment" title="The Apartment">The Apartment</a></i>. MacMurray had become Hollywood's highest-paid actor portraying a decent, thoughtful character in light comedies, melodramas, and musicals; Wilder cast him as a womanizing schemer. <a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Bogart" title="Humphrey Bogart">Humphrey Bogart</a> shed his tough-guy image to give one of his warmest performances in <i><a href="/wiki/Sabrina_(1954_film)" title="Sabrina (1954 film)">Sabrina</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/James_Cagney" title="James Cagney">James Cagney</a>, not usually known for comedy, was memorable in a high-octane comic role for Wilder's <i><a href="/wiki/One,_Two,_Three" title="One, Two, Three">One, Two, Three</a></i>. Wilder coaxed a very effective performance out of Monroe in <i><a href="/wiki/Some_Like_It_Hot" title="Some Like It Hot">Some Like It Hot</a></i>. </p><p>In total, he directed fourteen different actors in Oscar-nominated performances: <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Stanwyck" title="Barbara Stanwyck">Barbara Stanwyck</a> in <i>Double Indemnity</i>, <a href="/wiki/Ray_Milland" title="Ray Milland">Ray Milland</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Weekend_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Lost Weekend (film)">The Lost Weekend</a></i>, William Holden in <i>Sunset Boulevard</i> and <i>Stalag 17</i>, Gloria Swanson, Erich von Stroheim and <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Olson" title="Nancy Olson">Nancy Olson</a> in <i>Sunset Boulevard</i>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Strauss_(actor)" title="Robert Strauss (actor)">Robert Strauss</a> in <i>Stalag 17</i>, <a href="/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn" title="Audrey Hepburn">Audrey Hepburn</a> in <i>Sabrina</i>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Laughton" title="Charles Laughton">Charles Laughton</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Witness_for_the_Prosecution_(1957_film)" title="Witness for the Prosecution (1957 film)">Witness for the Prosecution</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Elsa_Lanchester" title="Elsa Lanchester">Elsa Lanchester</a> in <i>Witness for the Prosecution</i>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Lemmon" title="Jack Lemmon">Jack Lemmon</a> in <i>Some Like It Hot</i> and <i>The Apartment</i>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Kruschen" title="Jack Kruschen">Jack Kruschen</a> in <i>The Apartment</i>, <a href="/wiki/Shirley_MacLaine" title="Shirley MacLaine">Shirley MacLaine</a> in <i>The Apartment</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Irma_la_Douce" title="Irma la Douce">Irma la Douce</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Walter_Matthau" title="Walter Matthau">Walter Matthau</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fortune_Cookie" title="The Fortune Cookie">The Fortune Cookie</a></i>. Wilder mentored Lemmon, and was the first director to pair him and Matthau in <i>The Fortune Cookie</i>. Wilder and Lemmon worked on seven films.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wilder opposed the <a href="/wiki/House_Un-American_Activities_Committee" title="House Un-American Activities Committee">House Un-American Activities Committee</a> (HUAC). He co-created the <a href="/wiki/Committee_for_the_First_Amendment" title="Committee for the First Amendment">Committee for the First Amendment</a>, of 500 Hollywood personalities and stars to "support those professionals called upon to testify before the HUAC who had classified themselves as hostile with regard to the interrogations and the interrogators". Some anti-Communists wanted those in the cinema industry to take oaths of allegiance. The <a href="/wiki/Screen_Directors_Guild" class="mw-redirect" title="Screen Directors Guild">Screen Directors Guild</a> had a vote by show of hands. Only <a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> and Wilder opposed. Huston said, "I am sure it was one of the bravest things that Billy, as a naturalized German, had ever done. There were 150 to 200 directors at this meeting, and here Billy and I sat alone with our hands raised in protest against the loyalty oath."<sup id="cite_ref-Lopez_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lopez-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wilder was not affected by the Hollywood blacklist. Of the blacklisted '<a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Ten" class="mw-redirect" title="Hollywood Ten">Hollywood Ten</a>' he said, "Of the ten, two had talent, and the rest were just unfriendly."<sup id="cite_ref-Lopez_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lopez-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In general, Wilder disliked formula and genre films.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wilder reveled in poking fun at those who took politics too seriously. In <i><a href="/wiki/Ball_of_Fire" title="Ball of Fire">Ball of Fire</a></i>, his <a href="/wiki/American_burlesque" title="American burlesque">burlesque</a> queen 'Sugarpuss' points at her sore throat and complains "Pink? It's as red as the <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Worker" title="Daily Worker">Daily Worker</a></i> and just as sore." Later, she gives the overbearing and unsmiling housemaid the name "<a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Franco</a>". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Retirement">Retirement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Retirement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BW1989_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/BW1989_crop.jpg/220px-BW1989_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/BW1989_crop.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="281" data-file-height="348" /></a><figcaption>Wilder in 1989</figcaption></figure> <p>Wilder received the <a href="/wiki/American_Film_Institute" title="American Film Institute">American Film Institute</a> (AFI) <a href="/wiki/AFI_Life_Achievement_Award" title="AFI Life Achievement Award">Life Achievement Award</a> in 1986. He received the <a href="/wiki/Irving_G._Thalberg_Memorial_Award" title="Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award">Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award</a> in 1988, the <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Kennedy Center Honors</a> in 1990 and the <a href="/wiki/National_Medal_of_Arts" title="National Medal of Arts">National Medal of Arts</a> in 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has a star on the <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame" title="Hollywood Walk of Fame">Hollywood Walk of Fame</a>. Wilder became well known for owning one of the finest and most extensive art collections in Hollywood, mainly collecting modern art. As he described it in the mid-80s, "It's a sickness. I don't know how to stop myself. Call it <a href="/wiki/Bulimia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulimia">bulimia</a> if you want – or curiosity or passion. I have some <a href="/wiki/Impressionists" class="mw-redirect" title="Impressionists">Impressionists</a>, some <a href="/wiki/Picasso" class="mw-redirect" title="Picasso">Picassos</a> from every period, some mobiles by <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Calder" title="Alexander Calder">Calder</a>. I also collect tiny Japanese trees, glass paperweights, and Chinese vases. Name an object and I collect it."<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wilder's artistic ambitions led him to create a series of works of his own. By the early '90s, Wilder had amassed many plastic-artistic constructions, many of which were made in collaboration with artist Bruce Houston. In 1993, art dealer <a href="/wiki/Louis_Stern" title="Louis Stern">Louis Stern</a>, a longtime friend, helped organize an exhibition of Wilder's work at his Beverly Hills gallery. The exhibition was titled <i>Billy Wilder's Marché aux Puces</i> and the <i>Variations on the Theme of <a href="/wiki/Nefertiti" title="Nefertiti">Queen Nefertete</a></i> segment was notably popular. This series featured busts of the Egyptian queen wrapped <i>à la</i> <a href="/wiki/Christo" class="mw-redirect" title="Christo">Christo</a>, or splattered <i>à la</i> <a href="/wiki/Jackson_Pollock" title="Jackson Pollock">Jackson Pollock</a>, or sporting a Campbell's soup can in homage to <a href="/wiki/Andy_Warhol" title="Andy Warhol">Andy Warhol</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life_and_death">Personal life and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Personal life and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wilder married Judith Coppicus on December 22, 1936. The couple had twins, Victoria and Vincent (born 1939), but Vincent died shortly after birth. They divorced in 1946. Wilder met <a href="/wiki/Audrey_Young_(actress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Audrey Young (actress)">Audrey Young</a> while filming <i>The Lost Weekend</i>. They were married on June 30, 1949.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wilder died of <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a> on March 27, 2002. He was buried at <a href="/wiki/Pierce_Brothers_Westwood_Village_Memorial_Park_and_Mortuary" title="Pierce Brothers Westwood Village Memorial Park and Mortuary">Pierce Brothers Westwood Village Memorial Park and Mortuary</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A French newspaper, <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde">Le Monde</a></i>, titled the front-page obituary: "Billy Wilder is dead. Nobody is perfect", a reference to the last line of <i>Some Like It Hot</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Billy_Wilders_grave_(978339409).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Billy_Wilders_grave_%28978339409%29.jpg/220px-Billy_Wilders_grave_%28978339409%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Billy_Wilders_grave_%28978339409%29.jpg/330px-Billy_Wilders_grave_%28978339409%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Billy_Wilders_grave_%28978339409%29.jpg/440px-Billy_Wilders_grave_%28978339409%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Wilder's grave in <a href="/wiki/Westwood_Village_Memorial_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Westwood Village Memorial Park">Westwood Village Memorial Park</a></figcaption></figure> <blockquote><p>"Don't be boring". — Billy Wilder<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Wilder holds a significant place in the history of Hollywood censorship for expanding the range of acceptable subject matter. He directed two of <a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">film noir</a>'s definitive films, <i><a href="/wiki/Double_Indemnity" title="Double Indemnity">Double Indemnity</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Boulevard_(film)" title="Sunset Boulevard (film)">Sunset Boulevard</a></i>. Along with <a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Marx_Brothers" title="Marx Brothers">Marx Brothers</a>, he leads the list of films on the <a href="/wiki/American_Film_Institute" title="American Film Institute">American Film Institute</a>'s <a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years...100_Laughs" title="AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs">AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs</a> and he earned the top spot on it with <i><a href="/wiki/Some_Like_It_Hot" title="Some Like It Hot">Some Like It Hot</a></i>. Also on the list are <i><a href="/wiki/The_Apartment" title="The Apartment">The Apartment</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Seven_Year_Itch" title="The Seven Year Itch">The Seven Year Itch</a></i>, which he directed, and <i><a href="/wiki/Ball_of_Fire" title="Ball of Fire">Ball of Fire</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Ninotchka" title="Ninotchka">Ninotchka</a></i>, which he co-wrote. The AFI listed <i>Double Indemnity</i>, <i>Sunset Boulevard</i>, <i>Some Like It Hot</i> and <i>The Apartment</i> on <a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years..._100_Movies" class="mw-redirect" title="AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies">AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wilder was ranked 6th in director's poll on <a href="/wiki/Sight_%26_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Sight & Sound">Sight & Sound</a>'s 2002 list of <i>The Greatest Directors of All Time</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1996, <i><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a></i> ranked Wilder at No. 24 in its "50 Greatest Directors" list.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wilder was ranked at No. 19 on <a href="/wiki/Empire_(film_magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Empire (film magazine)"><i>Empire</i></a>'s "Top 40 Greatest Directors of All-Time" list in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, <i><a href="/wiki/Total_Film" title="Total Film">Total Film</a></i> magazine ranked Wilder at No. 13 on its "100 Greatest Film Directors Ever" list.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wilder was voted at No. 4 on the "Greatest Directors of 20th Century" poll conducted by Japanese film magazine <i><a href="/wiki/Kinema_Junpo" title="Kinema Junpo">Kinema Junpo</a></i>. </p><p>Seven of his films are preserved in the United States <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> as being "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant".<sup id="cite_ref-LOC_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOC-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Lane" title="Anthony Lane">Anthony Lane</a> writes that <i>Double Indemnity</i>, <i>The Seven Year Itch</i>, <i>Sunset Boulevard</i> and <i>The Apartment</i> are "part of the lexicon of moviegoing" and that <i>Some Like It Hot</i> is a "national treasure."<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a> asked, "Of all the great directors of Hollywood's golden age, has anybody made more films that are as fresh and entertaining to this day as Billy Wilder's?...And who else can field three contenders among the greatest closing lines of all time?", citing the closing lines of <i>Sunset Boulevard</i>, <i>Some Like it Hot</i>, and <i>The Apartment</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ron_Shelton" title="Ron Shelton">Ron Shelton</a> recalls encountering Wilder: </p> <blockquote><p> I was in a restaurant about six months after <i><a href="/wiki/Bull_Durham" title="Bull Durham">Bull Durham</a></i> came out. And a man came over and said "Somebody would like to see you." And I looked over and it was Billy Wilder. And I went over and he said, "Great fuckin' picture, kid!" And I thought that was as good a review as you could have."<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>When <i><a href="/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poque_(film)" title="Belle Époque (film)">Belle Époque</a></i> won the 1993 <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Award</a> for Best Foreign Language Film, Spanish filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Trueba" title="Fernando Trueba">Fernando Trueba</a> said in his acceptance speech: "I would like to believe in God in order to thank him. But I just believe in Billy Wilder... so thank you, Mr. Wilder." According to Trueba, Wilder called him the day after and told him: "Fernando, it's God." French filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Michel_Hazanavicius" title="Michel Hazanavicius">Michel Hazanavicius</a> thanked Billy Wilder in the 2012 Best Picture <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Oscar</a> acceptance speech for <a href="/wiki/The_Artist_(film)" title="The Artist (film)"><i>The Artist</i></a>: "I would like to thank the following three people, I would like to thank Billy Wilder, I would like to thank Billy Wilder, and I would like to thank Billy Wilder." Wilder's 12 <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Award</a> nominations for screenwriting were a record until 1997 when Woody Allen received a 13th nomination for <i><a href="/wiki/Deconstructing_Harry" title="Deconstructing Harry">Deconstructing Harry</a></i>. In 2017, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(magazine)" title="New York (magazine)">Vulture.com</a> named Wilder the greatest screenwriter of all time.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He directed fourteen actors in Oscar-nominated performances. Wilder's epitaph, a paraphrase of the last line of <i>Some Like It Hot</i>, is "I'm a writer but then nobody's perfect."<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filmography">Filmography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Filmography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder_filmography" title="Billy Wilder filmography">Billy Wilder filmography</a></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Directed features </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Title </th> <th>Distributor </th></tr> <tr> <td>1934 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Mauvaise_Graine" title="Mauvaise Graine">Mauvaise Graine</a></i> </td> <td>Pathé Consortium Cinéma </td></tr> <tr> <td>1942 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Major_and_the_Minor" title="The Major and the Minor">The Major and the Minor</a></i> </td> <td rowspan="10"><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Pictures" title="Paramount Pictures">Paramount Pictures</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1943 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Five_Graves_to_Cairo" title="Five Graves to Cairo">Five Graves to Cairo</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1944 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Double_Indemnity" title="Double Indemnity">Double Indemnity</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1945 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Weekend" title="The Lost Weekend">The Lost Weekend</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1948 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Emperor_Waltz" title="The Emperor Waltz">The Emperor Waltz</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/A_Foreign_Affair" title="A Foreign Affair">A Foreign Affair</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1950 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Boulevard_(film)" title="Sunset Boulevard (film)">Sunset Boulevard</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1951 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Ace_in_the_Hole_(1951_film)" title="Ace in the Hole (1951 film)">Ace in the Hole</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1953 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Stalag_17" title="Stalag 17">Stalag 17</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1954 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Sabrina_(1954_film)" title="Sabrina (1954 film)">Sabrina</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1955 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Seven_Year_Itch" title="The Seven Year Itch">The Seven Year Itch</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Studios" title="20th Century Studios">20th Century Fox</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1957 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Spirit_of_St._Louis_(film)" title="The Spirit of St. Louis (film)">The Spirit of St. Louis</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Love_in_the_Afternoon_(1957_film)" title="Love in the Afternoon (1957 film)">Love in the Afternoon</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monogram_Pictures" title="Monogram Pictures">Allied Artists Pictures Corporation</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Witness_for_the_Prosecution_(1957_film)" title="Witness for the Prosecution (1957 film)">Witness for the Prosecution</a></i> </td> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/United_Artists" title="United Artists">United Artists</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1959 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Some_Like_It_Hot" title="Some Like It Hot">Some Like It Hot</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1960 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Apartment" title="The Apartment">The Apartment</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1961 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/One,_Two,_Three" title="One, Two, Three">One, Two, Three</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1963 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Irma_la_Douce" title="Irma la Douce">Irma la Douce</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1964 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Kiss_Me,_Stupid" title="Kiss Me, Stupid">Kiss Me, Stupid</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilya_Lopert" title="Ilya Lopert">Lopert Pictures Corporation</a> / United Artists </td></tr> <tr> <td>1966 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fortune_Cookie" title="The Fortune Cookie">The Fortune Cookie</a></i> </td> <td rowspan="3">United Artists </td></tr> <tr> <td>1970 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Private_Life_of_Sherlock_Holmes" title="The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes">The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1972 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Avanti!" title="Avanti!">Avanti!</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1974 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Front_Page_(1974_film)" title="The Front Page (1974 film)">The Front Page</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Universal_Pictures" title="Universal Pictures">Universal Pictures</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1978 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Fedora_(1978_film)" title="Fedora (1978 film)">Fedora</a></i> </td> <td>United Artists </td></tr> <tr> <td>1981 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Buddy" title="Buddy Buddy">Buddy Buddy</a></i> </td> <td>United Artists / <a href="/wiki/Cinema_International_Corporation" title="Cinema International Corporation">Cinema International Corporation</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Awards and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Billy_Wilder" title="List of awards and nominations received by Billy Wilder">List of awards and nominations received by Billy Wilder</a></div> <p>Wilder received twenty-one nominations at the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a>, winning six. In total, he received twelve nominations for his screenwriting, eight for his direction, and one for producing. He won both the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Academy Award for Best Director">Academy Award for Best Director</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Screenplay" title="Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay">Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay</a> for both <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Weekend_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Lost Weekend (film)">The Lost Weekend</a></i> (1945) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Apartment" title="The Apartment">The Apartment</a></i> (1960). The former was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Palme_d%27Or" title="Palme d'Or">Grand Prix du Festival International du Film</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival" title="Cannes Film Festival">Cannes Film Festival</a>, and the latter also won him the <a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Film" title="BAFTA Award for Best Film">BAFTA Award for Best Film</a>. Wilder garnered eight <a href="/wiki/Directors_Guild_of_America_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Directors Guild of America Award">Directors Guild of America Award</a> nominations, with the sole win for his work on <i>The Apartment</i>. He received seven nominations at the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Awards" title="Golden Globe Awards">Golden Globe Awards</a>, winning <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Director">Best Director</a> for <i>The Lost Weekend</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Boulevard_(film)" title="Sunset Boulevard (film)">Sunset Boulevard</a></i> (1950). He won seven <a href="/wiki/Writers_Guild_of_America_Awards" title="Writers Guild of America Awards">Writers Guild of America Awards</a> including two <a href="/wiki/Laurel_Award_for_Screenwriting_Achievement" title="Laurel Award for Screenwriting Achievement">Laurel Awards for Screenwriting Achievement</a>. He garnered a number of lifetime achievement awards including the <a href="/wiki/Irving_G._Thalberg_Memorial_Award" title="Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award">Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award</a>, the <a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Fellowship" title="BAFTA Fellowship">BAFTA Fellowship</a>, the <a href="/wiki/David_O._Selznick_Achievement_Award_in_Theatrical_Motion_Pictures" title="David O. Selznick Achievement Award in Theatrical Motion Pictures">David O. Selznick Achievement Award in Theatrical Motion Pictures</a>, and the Honorary Golden Bear from the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_International_Film_Festival" title="Berlin International Film Festival">Berlin International Film Festival</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_film_director_and_actor_collaborations" title="List of film director and actor collaborations">List of film director and actor collaborations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_refugees" title="List of refugees">List of refugees</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-"Polish_Town_Goes_Wild_Over_Wilder"-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-"Polish_Town_Goes_Wild_Over_Wilder"_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-"Polish_Town_Goes_Wild_Over_Wilder"_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMurphy1996" class="citation web cs1">Murphy, Dean E. (May 26, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-05-26-ca-8459-story.html">"Polish Town Goes Wild Over Wilder"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Norton & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-393-97868-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-393-97868-0"><bdi>0-393-97868-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Narrative+Film&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-393-97868-0&rft.au=Cook%2C+David+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oscars.org/oscar/ceremonies/1961/memorable-moments">"The 33rd Academy Awards Memorable Moments | Oscars.org | Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences"</a>. <i>www.oscars.org</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 2,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biography.com&rft.atitle=Billy+Wilder+Biography&rft.date=2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biography.com%2Fpeople%2Fbilly-wilder-9531169&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sikov-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sikov_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sikov_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSikov1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ed_Sikov" title="Ed Sikov">Sikov, Ed</a> (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/first/s/sikov-sunset.html"><i>On Sunset Boulevard: The Life and Times of Billy Wilder</i></a>. New York: Hyperion. pp. <span class="nowrap">3–</span>17. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0786861940" title="Special:BookSources/0786861940"><bdi>0786861940</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+Sunset+Boulevard%3A+The+Life+and+Times+of+Billy+Wilder&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E3-%3C%2Fspan%3E17&rft.pub=Hyperion&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0786861940&rft.aulast=Sikov&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.nytimes.com%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fbooks%2Ffirst%2Fs%2Fsikov-sunset.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brackett, Charles, It's the Pictures That Got Small, Columbia University Press, 2015, pg.87</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hamrah_AS-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hamrah_AS_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hamrah_AS_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hamrah_AS_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamrah2022" class="citation magazine cs1">Hamrah, A.S. (March–May 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bookforum.com/print/2901/how-billy-wilder-survived-the-twentieth-century-24829">"Some Like It Fraught- How Billy Wilder survived the twentieth century"</a>. <i>Bookforum</i>. New York: Bookforum Magazine<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bookforum&rft.atitle=Some+Like+It+Fraught-+How+Billy+Wilder+survived+the+twentieth+century&rft.date=2022-03%2F2022-05&rft.aulast=Hamrah&rft.aufirst=A.S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bookforum.com%2Fprint%2F2901%2Fhow-billy-wilder-survived-the-twentieth-century-24829&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarmetz2002" class="citation news cs1">Harmetz, Aljean (March 29, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/29/us/billy-wilder-master-of-caustic-films-dies-at-95.html">"Billy Wilder, Master of Caustic Films, Dies at 95"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 4,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Billy+Wilder%2C+Master+of+Caustic+Films%2C+Dies+at+95&rft.date=2002-03-29&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Harmetz&rft.aufirst=Aljean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2002%2F03%2F29%2Fus%2Fbilly-wilder-master-of-caustic-films-dies-at-95.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Philips, Alastair. <i>City of Darkness, City of Light: Emigre Filmmakers in Paris, 1929–1939.</i> Amsterdam University Press, 2004. p. 190.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Silvester, Christopher. <i>The Grove Book of Hollywood.</i> Grove Press, 2002. p. 311</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100_Facts_about_Babelsberg-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100_Facts_about_Babelsberg_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStielke,_Sebastian2021" class="citation book cs1">Stielke, Sebastian (2021). <i>100 Facts about Babelsberg – Cradle of movie and modern media city</i>. bebra Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-86124-746-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-86124-746-3"><bdi>978-3-86124-746-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=100+Facts+about+Babelsberg+%E2%80%93+Cradle+of+movie+and+modern+media+city&rft.pub=bebra+Verlag&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-3-86124-746-3&rft.au=Stielke%2C+Sebastian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jacques Le Rider, "Les Juifs viennois á la Belle Époque," Paris: Albin Michel, 2013, p. 194</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndreas_Hutter_and_Heinz_Peters2011" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Andreas Hutter and Heinz Peters (October 6, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nzz.ch/aktuell/feuilleton/film/gitla-stand-nicht-auf-schindlers-liste-1.12844017">"Gitla stand nicht auf Schindlers Liste"</a>. <i>Neue Zürcher Zeitung</i> (in German). <a href="/wiki/Neue_Zuercher_Zeitung" class="mw-redirect" title="Neue Zuercher Zeitung">Neue Zuercher Zeitung</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neue+Z%C3%BCrcher+Zeitung&rft.atitle=Gitla+stand+nicht+auf+Schindlers+Liste&rft.date=2011-10-06&rft.au=Andreas+Hutter+and+Heinz+Peters&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzz.ch%2Faktuell%2Ffeuilleton%2Ffilm%2Fgitla-stand-nicht-auf-schindlers-liste-1.12844017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Armstrong2004-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Armstrong2004_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArmstrong2004" class="citation book cs1">Armstrong, Richard (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pYuACgAAQBAJ&pg=PA9"><i>Billy Wilder, American Film Realist</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/McFarland_%26_Company" title="McFarland & Company">McFarland & Company</a>. p. 9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-2119-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-2119-0"><bdi>978-0-7864-2119-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Billy+Wilder%2C+American+Film+Realist&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-2119-0&rft.aulast=Armstrong&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpYuACgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brackett, Charles, It's the Pictures That Got Small, Columbia University Press, 2015, pg. 92</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1942">"The 14th Academy Awards"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Motion_Picture_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences">Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 31,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+14th+Academy+Awards&rft.pub=Academy+of+Motion+Picture+Arts+and+Sciences&rft.date=2014-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oscars.org%2Foscars%2Fceremonies%2F1942&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrowther1942" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bosley_Crowther" title="Bosley Crowther">Crowther, Bosley</a> (September 17, 1942). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9F0DE1DE1339E33BBC4F52DFBF668389659EDE">"The Screen; ' The Major and the Minor,' a Charming Comedy-Romance, With Ginger Rogers and Ray Milland, at the Paramount"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170425122545/http://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9F0DE1DE1339E33BBC4F52DFBF668389659EDE">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Screen%3B+%27+The+Major+and+the+Minor%2C%27+a+Charming+Comedy-Romance%2C+With+Ginger+Rogers+and+Ray+Milland%2C+at+the+Paramount&rft.date=1942-09-17&rft.aulast=Crowther&rft.aufirst=Bosley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fmovie%2Freview%3Fres%3D9F0DE1DE1339E33BBC4F52DFBF668389659EDE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">46 Cal.2d 715, 299 P.2d 257, CAL. 1956.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sikov, Ed. <i>On Sunset Boulevard: The Life and Times of Billy Wilder</i>, Hyperion Press, 1998, p. 328</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPryor1952" class="citation news cs1">Pryor, Thomas M. (September 5, 1952). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1952/09/05/archives/billy-wilder-lists-oedipus-rex-film-plans-to-produce-technicolor.html">"BILLY WILDER LISTS 'OEDIPUS REX' FILM; Plans to Produce Technicolor Version of Sophocles Tragedy in Greek Locale Next Year"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 13,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=BILLY+WILDER+LISTS+%27OEDIPUS+REX%27+FILM%3B+Plans+to+Produce+Technicolor+Version+of+Sophocles+Tragedy+in+Greek+Locale+Next+Year&rft.date=1952-09-05&rft.aulast=Pryor&rft.aufirst=Thomas+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1952%2F09%2F05%2Farchives%2Fbilly-wilder-lists-oedipus-rex-film-plans-to-produce-technicolor.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gore-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gore_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gore, Chris (1999). <i>The Fifty Greatest Movies Never Made</i>, New York: St. Martin's Griffin</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afi.com/100Years/laughs.aspx">"AFI's 100 Funniest American Movies Of All Time"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/American_Film_Institute" title="American Film Institute">American Film Institute</a></i>. 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Film+Institute&rft.atitle=Critics%27+top+100&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bfi.org.uk%2Ffilms-tv-people%2Fsightandsoundpoll2012%2Fcritics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span>–</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Crowther-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Crowther_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrowther1960" class="citation news cs1">Crowther, Bosley (June 16, 1960). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9C01EFD91638EF32A25755C1A9609C946191D6CF&mcubz=0">"Busy 'Apartment':Jack Lemmon Scores in Billy Wilder Film"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Busy+%27Apartment%27%3AJack+Lemmon+Scores+in+Billy+Wilder+Film&rft.date=1960-06-16&rft.aulast=Crowther&rft.aufirst=Bosley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fmovie%2Freview%3Fres%3D9C01EFD91638EF32A25755C1A9609C946191D6CF%26mcubz%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.variety.com/review/VE1117793729.html?categoryid=31&cs=1&p=0"><i>Variety</i></a>. Film review, 1961. Last accessed: January 31, 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McNally2010-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-McNally2010_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcNally2010" class="citation book cs1">McNally, Karen (December 16, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LAOzV2hJri8C&pg=PA136"><i>Billy Wilder, Movie-Maker: Critical Essays on the Films</i></a>. McFarland. p. 136. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-8520-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-8520-8"><bdi>978-0-7864-8520-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Billy+Wilder%2C+Movie-Maker%3A+Critical+Essays+on+the+Films&rft.pages=136&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2010-12-16&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-8520-8&rft.aulast=McNally&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLAOzV2hJri8C%26pg%3DPA136&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonathan_Coe2005" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Coe" title="Jonathan Coe">Jonathan Coe</a> (April 30, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2005/apr/30/jonathancoe.arthurconandoyle">"Detective Work"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 12,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Detective+Work&rft.date=2005-04-30&rft.au=Jonathan+Coe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ffilm%2F2005%2Fapr%2F30%2Fjonathancoe.arthurconandoyle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/23513">"The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes (1970)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/AFI_Catalog_of_Feature_Films" title="AFI Catalog of Feature Films">AFI Catalog of Feature Films</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AFI+Catalog+of+Feature+Films&rft.atitle=The+Private+Life+of+Sherlock+Holmes+%281970%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcatalog.afi.com%2FCatalog%2Fmoviedetails%2F23513&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1037238-fedora">"Fedora (1978)"</a>. <i>Rotten Tomatoes</i>. May 26, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 21,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=Fedora+%281978%29&rft.date=2009-05-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2F1037238-fedora&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Crowe1999-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Crowe1999_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCameron_Crowe2020" class="citation book cs1">Cameron Crowe (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eYRZAAAAMAAJ&q=schindler"><i>Conversations with Wilder</i></a>. Knopf. p. 21. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0375406607" title="Special:BookSources/978-0375406607"><bdi>978-0375406607</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Conversations+with+Wilder&rft.pages=21&rft.pub=Knopf&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-0375406607&rft.au=Cameron+Crowe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeYRZAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dschindler&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHillestrom2013" class="citation web cs1">Hillestrom, Oscar (April 2, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/spielbergs-list-20130402-2h455.html">"Spielberg's List"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald" title="The Sydney Morning Herald">The Sydney Morning Herald</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Spielberg%27s+List&rft.date=2013-04-02&rft.aulast=Hillestrom&rft.aufirst=Oscar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fentertainment%2Fmovies%2Fspielbergs-list-20130402-2h455.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLane2002" class="citation book cs1">Lane, Anthony (2002). <i>Nobody's Perfect</i>. p. 717.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nobody%27s+Perfect&rft.pages=717&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Lane&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"One Head Is Better than Two," in <a href="/wiki/Films_and_Filming" title="Films and Filming">Films and Filming</a> (London), February 1957.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/trial-and-error-1997">"Trial and Error movie review & film summary (1997) | Roger Ebert"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Trial+and+Error+movie+review+%26+film+summary+%281997%29+%26%23124%3B+Roger+Ebert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rogerebert.com%2Freviews%2Ftrial-and-error-1997&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhilips2010" class="citation book cs1">Philips, Gene D. (2010). <i>Some Like It Wilder: The Life and Controversial Films of Billy Wilder</i>. 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(2012).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Morris Dickstein (Spring 1988). "Sunset Boulevard" <i>Grand Street</i> Vol. 7 No. 3 p. 180</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130826194408/http://www.nea.gov/honors/medals/medalists_year.html">"Lifetime Honors – National Medal of Arts"</a>. Archived from the original on August 26, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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"Nefertete", p. 317.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPedersen2012" class="citation web cs1">Pedersen, Erik (June 7, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/audrey-young-dies-billy-wilder-widow-334813">"Audrey Young Dies; Actress and Widow of Billy Wilder"</a>. <i>The Hollywood Reporter</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 25,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=Audrey+Young+Dies%3B+Actress+and+Widow+of+Billy+Wilder&rft.date=2012-06-07&rft.aulast=Pedersen&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fnews%2Faudrey-young-dies-billy-wilder-widow-334813&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150225235219/http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/help/statistics/Gen-Trivia.pdf">"Oscar Firsts and other Trivia"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Motion_Picture_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences">Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences</a></i>. February 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/help/statistics/Gen-Trivia.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on February 25, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 2,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Academy+of+Motion+Picture+Arts+and+Sciences&rft.atitle=Oscar+Firsts+and+other+Trivia&rft.date=2015-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fawardsdatabase.oscars.org%2Fampas_awards%2Fhelp%2Fstatistics%2FGen-Trivia.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.minnpost.com/listing-slightly/2010/03/comedy-drama-film-noir-film-director-billy-wilder-was-americas-best/">"From comedy to drama to film noir, film director Billy Wilder was America's best"</a>. <i>MinnPost</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/topten/poll/directors-directors.html">the original</a> on October 13, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BFI+%26%23124%3B+Sight+%26+Sound+%26%23124%3B+Top+Ten+Poll+2002+%E2%80%93+The+Directors%27+Top+Ten+Directors&rft.date=2018-10-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fold.bfi.org.uk%2Fsightandsound%2Ftopten%2Fpoll%2Fdirectors-directors.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150419012748/http://www.filmsite.org/directors6.html">"Greatest Film Directors and Their Best Films"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Filmsite.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Filmsite.org">Filmsite.org</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Greatest+Film+Directors+and+Their+Best+Films&rft.pub=Filmsite.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmsite.org%2Fdirectors5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.filmsite.org/directors.html">"Greatest Film Directors"</a>. <i>filmsite.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=filmsite.org&rft.atitle=Greatest+Film+Directors&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmsite.org%2Fdirectors.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140702113557/http://www.filmsite.org/greatdirectors-totalfilm.html">"The Greatest Directors Ever by <i>Total Film</i> Magazine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Filmsite.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Filmsite.org">Filmsite.org</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmsite.org/greatdirectors-totalfilm2.html">the original</a> on July 2, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Greatest+Directors+Ever+by+Total+Film+Magazine&rft.pub=Filmsite.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmsite.org%2Fgreatdirectors-totalfilm2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LOC-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LOC_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/film-registry/complete-national-film-registry-listing/">"Complete National Film Registry Listing"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 21,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Complete+National+Film+Registry+Listing&rft.pub=National+Film+Registry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fprograms%2Fnational-film-preservation-board%2Ffilm-registry%2Fcomplete-national-film-registry-listing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLane2002" class="citation book cs1">Lane, Anthony (2002). <i>Nobody's Perfect</i>. pp. <span class="nowrap">712–</span>713.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nobody%27s+Perfect&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E712-%3C%2Fspan%3E713&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Lane&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEbert" class="citation book cs1">Ebert, Roger. <i>The Great Movies</i>. 2002. p. 440.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Movies&rft.pages=440&rft.pub=2002&rft.aulast=Ebert&rft.aufirst=Roger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.criterion.com/shop/collection/511-ron-sheltons-closet-picks">"Ron Shelton's Closet Picks"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ron+Shelton%27s+Closet+Picks&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.criterion.com%2Fshop%2Fcollection%2F511-ron-sheltons-closet-picks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vulture.com/2017/10/100-greatest-screenwriters-of-all-time-ranked.html">"The 100 Best Screenwriters of All Time"</a>. <i>vulture.com</i>. October 27, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=vulture.com&rft.atitle=The+100+Best+Screenwriters+of+All+Time&rft.date=2017-10-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vulture.com%2F2017%2F10%2F100-greatest-screenwriters-of-all-time-ranked.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLensing2021" class="citation news cs1">Lensing, Leo A. (May 14, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-tls.co.uk/articles/billy-wilder-on-assignment-noah-isenberg-review-leo-a-lensing/">"Some like it fraught"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Times_Literary_Supplement" class="mw-redirect" title="Times Literary Supplement">Times Literary Supplement</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+Literary+Supplement&rft.atitle=Some+like+it+fraught&rft.date=2021-05-14&rft.aulast=Lensing&rft.aufirst=Leo+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-tls.co.uk%2Farticles%2Fbilly-wilder-on-assignment-noah-isenberg-review-leo-a-lensing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArmstrong2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Armstrong_(author)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Armstrong (author)">Armstrong, Richard</a> (2000). <i>Billy Wilder, American Film Realist</i>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-0653-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-0653-8"><bdi>978-1-4766-0653-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Billy+Wilder%2C+American+Film+Realist&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-4766-0653-8&rft.aulast=Armstrong&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Auiler, Dan. <i>Some Like it Hot</i> (<a href="/wiki/Taschen" title="Taschen">Taschen</a>, 2001)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAurich2006" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Aurich, Rolf (2006). <i><span></span>'Billie': Billy Wilders Wiener journalistische Arbeiten</i> (in German). Verlag Filmarchiv Austria. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-901932-90-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-901932-90-8"><bdi>978-3-901932-90-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%27Billie%27%3A+Billy+Wilders+Wiener+journalistische+Arbeiten&rft.pub=Verlag+Filmarchiv+Austria&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-3-901932-90-8&rft.aulast=Aurich&rft.aufirst=Rolf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrackett2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Brackett" title="Charles Brackett">Brackett, Charles</a> (December 16, 2014). <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Slide" title="Anthony Slide">Slide, Anthony</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/columbia-scholarship-online/book/13150"><i>"It's the Pictures That Got Small": Charles Brackett on Billy Wilder and Hollywood's Golden Age</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University_Press" title="Columbia University Press">Columbia University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7312%2Fslid16708">10.7312/slid16708</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780231167086" title="Special:BookSources/9780231167086"><bdi>9780231167086</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7312/slid16708">10.7312/slid16708</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%22It%27s+the+Pictures+That+Got+Small%22%3A+Charles+Brackett+on+Billy+Wilder+and+Hollywood%27s+Golden+Age&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2014-12-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.7312%2Fslid16708%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7312%2Fslid16708&rft.isbn=9780231167086&rft.aulast=Brackett&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facademic.oup.com%2Fcolumbia-scholarship-online%2Fbook%2F13150&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Chandler" title="Charlotte Chandler">Chandler, Charlotte</a>, <i>Nobody's Perfect. Billy Wilder. A Personal Biography</i> (New York: Schuster & Schuster, 2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameron_Crowe" title="Cameron Crowe">Crowe, Cameron</a>, <i>Conversations with Wilder</i> (New York: Knopf, 2001)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDick1996" class="citation book cs1">Dick, Bernard F. (August 21, 1996). <i>Billy Wilder</i>. Da Capo Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-306-80729-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-306-80729-9"><bdi>978-0-306-80729-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Billy+Wilder&rft.pub=Da+Capo+Press&rft.date=1996-08-21&rft.isbn=978-0-306-80729-9&rft.aulast=Dick&rft.aufirst=Bernard+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGemünden2008" class="citation book cs1">Gemünden, Gerd (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.berghahnbooks.com/title/GemuendenForeign"><i>A Foreign Affair: Billy Wilder's American Films</i></a> (1 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Berghahn_Books" title="Berghahn Books">Berghahn Books</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">167–</span>169. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3167%2F9781845454180">10.3167/9781845454180</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84545-418-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84545-418-0"><bdi>978-1-84545-418-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt9qcq5c">j.ctt9qcq5c</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Foreign+Affair%3A+Billy+Wilder%27s+American+Films&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E167-%3C%2Fspan%3E169&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fj.ctt9qcq5c%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3167%2F9781845454180&rft.isbn=978-1-84545-418-0&rft.aulast=Gem%C3%BCnden&rft.aufirst=Gerd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.berghahnbooks.com%2Ftitle%2FGemuendenForeign&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span><span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></li> <li>Guilbert, Georges-Claude, <i>Literary Readings of Billy Wilder</i> (Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2007)</li> <li>Gyurko, Lanin A. <i>The Shattered Screen. Myth and Demythification in the Art of Carlos Fuentes and Billy Wilder</i> (New Orleans: University Press of the South, 2009)</li> <li>Hantke, Steffen. "Wïlder's Dietrich: 'Witness for the Prosecution' in the Context of the Cold War." <i>German Studies Review</i> (2011): 247–260. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41303729">online</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenry1997" class="citation book cs1">Henry, Nora (1997). <i>Ethics and Social Criticism in the Hollywood Films of Erich Von Stroheim, Ernst Lubitsch and Billy Wilder</i>. University of Southern California. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780275964504" title="Special:BookSources/9780275964504"><bdi>9780275964504</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ethics+and+Social+Criticism+in+the+Hollywood+Films+of+Erich+Von+Stroheim%2C+Ernst+Lubitsch+and+Billy+Wilder&rft.pub=University+of+Southern+California&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9780275964504&rft.aulast=Henry&rft.aufirst=Nora&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Hermsdorf, Danie. <i>Billy Wilder. Filme – Motive – Kontroverses</i> (Bochum: Paragon-Verlag, 2006)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHesling1991" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hesling, Willem, ed. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A67zqMdanVMC"><i>Billy Wilder: tussen Weimar en Hollywood</i></a> (in Dutch). Garant. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-5350-044-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-5350-044-6"><bdi>978-90-5350-044-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Billy+Wilder%3A+tussen+Weimar+en+Hollywood&rft.pub=Garant&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-90-5350-044-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DA67zqMdanVMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Hopp, Glenn., <i>Billy Wilder</i> (Pocket Essentials: 2001)</li> <li>Hopp, Glenn, and Paul Duncan. <i>Billy Wilder</i> (Köln / New York: Taschen, 2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Horton_(actor)" title="Robert Horton (actor)">Horton, Robert</a>, <i>Billy Wilder Interviews</i> (University Press of Mississippi, 2001)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andreas_Hutter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andreas Hutter (page does not exist)">Hutter, Andreas</a> / Kamolz, Klaus, <i>Billie Wilder. Eine europäische Karriere</i> (Vienna, Cologne, Weimar: Boehlau, 1998)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Jacobs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jérôme Jacobs (page does not exist)">Jacobs, Jérôme</a>, <i>Billy Wilder</i> (Paris: Rivages Cinéma, 2006)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarasek1994" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Hellmuth_Karasek" title="Hellmuth Karasek">Karasek, Hellmuth</a> (1994). <i>Billy Wilder: eine Nahaufnahme</i> (in German). Heyne. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-453-07201-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-453-07201-5"><bdi>978-3-453-07201-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Billy+Wilder%3A+eine+Nahaufnahme&rft.pub=Heyne&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-3-453-07201-5&rft.aulast=Karasek&rft.aufirst=Hellmuth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Lally, Kevin. <i>Wilder Times: The Life of Billy Wilder</i> (Henry Holt & Co: 1st ed edition, May 1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gene_D._Phillips" title="Gene D. Phillips">Phillips, Gene D.</a>, <i>Some Like It Wilder</i> (The University Press of Kentucky: 2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5uohNoRFkwIC&dq=Billy+Wilder&pg=PP1">online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Sikov" title="Ed Sikov">Sikov, Ed</a>, <i> On Sunset Boulevard. The Life and Times of Billy Wilder</i> (New York: Hyperion, 1999) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jXwrDwAAQBAJ&dq=Billy+Wilder&pg=PP1">online</a></li> <li>Sinyard, Neil, & Adrian Turner, "Journey Down Sunset Boulevard" (BCW, Isle of Wight, UK, 1979)</li> <li>Staggs, Sam. <i>Close-up on Sunset Boulevard: Billy Wilder, Norma Desmond, and the Dark Hollywood Dream</i> (Macmillan, 2002).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWood1969" class="citation book cs1">Wood, Tom (1969). <i>The Bright Side of Billy Wilder, Primarily</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Doubleday_(publisher)" title="Doubleday (publisher)">Doubleday</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bright+Side+of+Billy+Wilder%2C+Primarily&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Doubleday&rft.date=1969&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Tom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Wilder" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Zolotow" title="Maurice Zolotow">Zolotow, Maurice</a>, <i>Billy Wilder in Hollywood</i> (Pompton Plains: Limelight Editions, 2004)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150526100651/http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/1432/the-art-of-screenwriting-no-1-billy-wilder">Billy Wilder, The Art of Screenwriting No. 1; Interviewed by James Linville</a> <a href="/wiki/Paris_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris Review">Paris Review</a> 1996</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150311003413/http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/wilderbib.html">Billy Wilder: A Bibliography of Materials</a> (via <a href="/wiki/UC_Berkeley" class="mw-redirect" title="UC Berkeley">UC Berkeley</a> Library)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 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href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopedia Britannica</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmovie.com/artist/billy-wilder-vn15301036">Billy Wilder</a> at <a href="/wiki/AllMovie" title="AllMovie">AllMovie</a>, <a href="/wiki/RhythmOne" title="RhythmOne">All Media Network</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/PersonDetails/22099"><i>Billy Wilder</i></a>, at <i><a href="/wiki/AFI_Catalog_of_Feature_Films" title="AFI Catalog of Feature Films">AFI Catalog of Feature Films</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/American_Film_Institute" title="American Film Institute">American Film Institute</a></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120825012041/http://www.tv.com/people/billy-wilder">Billy Wilder</a></i>, su <i><a href="/wiki/TV.com" title="TV.com">TV.com</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Red_Ventures" title="Red Ventures">Red Ventures</a> (archived the 1º January 2012)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Billy_Wilder" title="Template:Billy Wilder"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Billy_Wilder" title="Template talk:Billy Wilder"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Billy_Wilder" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Billy Wilder"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Films_directed_by_Billy_Wilder161" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Films directed by <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder_filmography" title="Billy Wilder filmography">Filmography</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Billy_Wilder" title="List of awards and nominations received by Billy Wilder">Awards and nominations</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Mauvaise_Graine" title="Mauvaise Graine">Mauvaise Graine</a></i> (1934)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Major_and_the_Minor" title="The Major and the Minor">The Major and the Minor</a></i> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Five_Graves_to_Cairo" title="Five Graves to Cairo">Five Graves to Cairo</a></i> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Double_Indemnity" title="Double Indemnity">Double Indemnity</a></i> (1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Weekend" title="The Lost Weekend">The Lost Weekend</a></i> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Death_Mills" title="Death Mills">Death Mills</a></i> (1945, documentary)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Emperor_Waltz" title="The Emperor Waltz">The Emperor Waltz</a></i> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/A_Foreign_Affair" title="A Foreign Affair">A Foreign Affair</a></i> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Boulevard_(film)" title="Sunset Boulevard (film)">Sunset Boulevard</a></i> (1950)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ace_in_the_Hole_(1951_film)" title="Ace in the Hole (1951 film)">Ace in the Hole</a></i> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Stalag_17" title="Stalag 17">Stalag 17</a></i> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sabrina_(1954_film)" title="Sabrina (1954 film)">Sabrina</a></i> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Seven_Year_Itch" title="The Seven Year Itch">The Seven Year Itch</a></i> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Spirit_of_St._Louis_(film)" title="The Spirit of St. Louis (film)">The Spirit of St. Louis</a></i> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Love_in_the_Afternoon_(1957_film)" title="Love in the Afternoon (1957 film)">Love in the Afternoon</a></i> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Witness_for_the_Prosecution_(1957_film)" title="Witness for the Prosecution (1957 film)">Witness for the Prosecution</a></i> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Some_Like_It_Hot" title="Some Like It Hot">Some Like It Hot</a></i> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Apartment" title="The Apartment">The Apartment</a></i> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/One,_Two,_Three" title="One, Two, Three">One, Two, Three</a></i> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Irma_la_Douce" title="Irma la Douce">Irma la Douce</a></i> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Kiss_Me,_Stupid" title="Kiss Me, Stupid">Kiss Me, Stupid</a></i> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fortune_Cookie" title="The Fortune Cookie">The Fortune Cookie</a></i> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Private_Life_of_Sherlock_Holmes" title="The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes">The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes</a></i> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Avanti!" title="Avanti!">Avanti!</a></i> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Front_Page_(1974_film)" title="The Front Page (1974 film)">The Front Page</a></i> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Fedora_(1978_film)" title="Fedora (1978 film)">Fedora</a></i> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Buddy" title="Buddy Buddy">Buddy Buddy</a></i> (1981)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Awards_for_Billy_Wilder150" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Awards_for_Billy_Wilder150" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Billy_Wilder" title="List of awards and nominations received by Billy Wilder">Awards for Billy Wilder</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture101" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#EEDD82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Academy_Award_Best_Picture_Producers" title="Template:Academy Award Best Picture Producers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Academy_Award_Best_Picture_Producers" title="Template talk:Academy Award Best Picture Producers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Academy_Award_Best_Picture_Producers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Academy Award Best Picture Producers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture101" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Academy Award for Best Picture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEDD82;width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Freed" title="Arthur Freed">Arthur Freed</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cecil_B._DeMille" title="Cecil B. DeMille">Cecil B. DeMille</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Adler" title="Buddy Adler">Buddy Adler</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Spiegel" title="Sam Spiegel">Sam Spiegel</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Hecht" title="Harold Hecht">Harold Hecht</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Todd" title="Mike Todd">Michael Todd</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Spiegel" title="Sam Spiegel">Sam Spiegel</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Freed" title="Arthur Freed">Arthur Freed</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Zimbalist" title="Sam Zimbalist">Sam Zimbalist</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wise" title="Robert Wise">Robert Wise</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Spiegel" title="Sam Spiegel">Sam Spiegel</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Richardson" title="Tony Richardson">Tony Richardson</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_L._Warner" title="Jack L. Warner">Jack L. Warner</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wise" title="Robert Wise">Robert Wise</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Mirisch" title="Walter Mirisch">Walter Mirisch</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_and_James_Woolf" title="John and James Woolf">John Woolf</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Hellman" title="Jerome Hellman">Jerome Hellman</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_McCarthy_(producer)" title="Frank McCarthy (producer)">Frank McCarthy</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philip_D%27Antoni" title="Philip D'Antoni">Philip D'Antoni</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_S._Ruddy" title="Albert S. Ruddy">Albert S. Ruddy</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Bill" title="Tony Bill">Tony Bill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julia_Phillips" title="Julia Phillips">Julia Phillips</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Phillips_(producer)" title="Michael Phillips (producer)">Michael Phillips</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gray_Frederickson" title="Gray Frederickson">Gray Frederickson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fred_Roos" title="Fred Roos">Fred Roos</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Douglas" title="Michael Douglas">Michael Douglas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saul_Zaentz" title="Saul Zaentz">Saul Zaentz</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEDD82;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Chartoff" title="Robert Chartoff">Robert Chartoff</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Winkler" title="Irwin Winkler">Irwin Winkler</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Joffe" title="Charles H. Joffe">Charles H. Joffe</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cimino" title="Michael Cimino">Michael Cimino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Deeley" title="Michael Deeley">Michael Deeley</a>, John Peverall and <a href="/wiki/Barry_Spikings" title="Barry Spikings">Barry Spikings</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_R._Jaffe" title="Stanley R. Jaffe">Stanley R. Jaffe</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_L._Schwary" title="Ronald L. Schwary">Ronald L. Schwary</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Puttnam" title="David Puttnam">David Puttnam</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Attenborough" title="Richard Attenborough">Richard Attenborough</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Saul_Zaentz" title="Saul Zaentz">Saul Zaentz</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Pollack" title="Sydney Pollack">Sydney Pollack</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Kopelson" title="Arnold Kopelson">Arnold Kopelson</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Thomas" title="Jeremy Thomas">Jeremy Thomas</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Johnson_(producer)" title="Mark Johnson (producer)">Mark Johnson</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lili_Fini_Zanuck" title="Lili Fini Zanuck">Lili Fini Zanuck</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_D._Zanuck" title="Richard D. Zanuck">Richard D. Zanuck</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Costner" title="Kevin Costner">Kevin Costner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Wilson_(producer)" title="Jim Wilson (producer)">Jim Wilson</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Bozman" title="Ron Bozman">Ron Bozman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Saxon" title="Edward Saxon">Edward Saxon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Utt" title="Kenneth Utt">Kenneth Utt</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Branko_Lustig" title="Branko Lustig">Branko Lustig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerald_R._Molen" title="Gerald R. Molen">Gerald R. Molen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wendy_Finerman" title="Wendy Finerman">Wendy Finerman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Starkey" title="Steve Starkey">Steve Starkey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Steve_Tisch" title="Steve Tisch">Steve Tisch</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Davey" title="Bruce Davey">Bruce Davey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mel_Gibson" title="Mel Gibson">Mel Gibson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alan_Ladd_Jr." title="Alan Ladd Jr.">Alan Ladd Jr.</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Saul_Zaentz" title="Saul Zaentz">Saul Zaentz</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jon_Landau_(film_producer)" title="Jon Landau (film producer)">Jon Landau</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donna_Gigliotti" title="Donna Gigliotti">Donna Gigliotti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marc_Norman" title="Marc Norman">Marc Norman</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Parfitt" title="David Parfitt">David Parfitt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Weinstein" title="Harvey Weinstein">Harvey Weinstein</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edward_Zwick" title="Edward Zwick">Edward Zwick</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Cohen" title="Bruce Cohen">Bruce Cohen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dan_Jinks" title="Dan Jinks">Dan Jinks</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Franzoni" title="David Franzoni">David Franzoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Branko_Lustig" title="Branko Lustig">Branko Lustig</a> and <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Wick" title="Douglas Wick">Douglas Wick</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEDD82;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Grazer" title="Brian Grazer">Brian Grazer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ron_Howard" title="Ron Howard">Ron Howard</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Richards_(producer)" title="Martin Richards (producer)">Martin Richards</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barrie_M._Osborne" title="Barrie M. Osborne">Barrie M. Osborne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fran_Walsh" title="Fran Walsh">Fran Walsh</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tom_Rosenberg" title="Tom Rosenberg">Tom Rosenberg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Albert_S._Ruddy" title="Albert S. Ruddy">Albert S. Ruddy</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Haggis" title="Paul Haggis">Paul Haggis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cathy_Schulman" title="Cathy Schulman">Cathy Schulman</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Graham_King" title="Graham King">Graham King</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Ethan Coen, Joel Coen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scott_Rudin" title="Scott Rudin">Scott Rudin</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christian_Colson" title="Christian Colson">Christian Colson</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Boal" title="Mark Boal">Mark Boal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Chartier" title="Nicolas Chartier">Nicolas Chartier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greg_Shapiro_(producer)" title="Greg Shapiro (producer)">Greg Shapiro</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Iain_Canning" title="Iain Canning">Iain Canning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emile_Sherman" title="Emile Sherman">Emile Sherman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gareth_Unwin" title="Gareth Unwin">Gareth Unwin</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Langmann" title="Thomas Langmann">Thomas Langmann</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Affleck" title="Ben Affleck">Ben Affleck</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Clooney" title="George Clooney">George Clooney</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grant_Heslov" title="Grant Heslov">Grant Heslov</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dede_Gardner" title="Dede Gardner">Dede Gardner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Katagas" title="Anthony Katagas">Anthony Katagas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Kleiner" title="Jeremy Kleiner">Jeremy Kleiner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_McQueen_(director)" title="Steve McQueen (director)">Steve McQueen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brad_Pitt" title="Brad Pitt">Brad Pitt</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_I%C3%B1%C3%A1rritu" title="Alejandro González Iñárritu">Alejandro G. Iñárritu</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Lesher_(producer)" title="John Lesher (producer)">John Lesher</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_W._Skotchdopole" title="James W. Skotchdopole">James W. Skotchdopole</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Blye_Pagon_Faust" title="Blye Pagon Faust">Blye Pagon Faust</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Golin" title="Steve Golin">Steve Golin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicole_Rocklin" title="Nicole Rocklin">Nicole Rocklin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Sugar" title="Michael Sugar">Michael Sugar</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dede_Gardner" title="Dede Gardner">Dede Gardner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Kleiner" title="Jeremy Kleiner">Jeremy Kleiner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adele_Romanski" title="Adele Romanski">Adele Romanski</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/J._Miles_Dale" title="J. Miles Dale">J. Miles Dale</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guillermo_del_Toro" title="Guillermo del Toro">Guillermo del Toro</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Burke_(film_producer)" title="Jim Burke (film producer)">Jim Burke</a>, Brian Currie, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Farrelly" title="Peter Farrelly">Peter Farrelly</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nick_Vallelonga" title="Nick Vallelonga">Nick Vallelonga</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_B._Wessler" title="Charles B. Wessler">Charles B. Wessler</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bong_Joon-ho" title="Bong Joon-ho">Bong Joon-ho</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kwak_Sin-ae" title="Kwak Sin-ae">Kwak Sin-ae</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Mollye Asher, Dan Janvey, <a href="/wiki/Frances_McDormand" title="Frances McDormand">Frances McDormand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Spears" title="Peter Spears">Peter Spears</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Fabrice Gianfermi, <a href="/wiki/Philippe_Rousselet" title="Philippe Rousselet">Philippe Rousselet</a>, Patrick Wachsberger (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniels_(directors)" title="Daniels (directors)">Daniel Kwan, Daniel Scheinert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Wang" title="Jonathan Wang">Jonathan Wang</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emma_Thomas" title="Emma Thomas">Emma Thomas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Roven" title="Charles Roven">Charles Roven</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Academy_Award_for_Best_Director82" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #EEDD82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:Academy Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:Academy Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Academy Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Academy_Award_for_Best_Director82" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Academy Award for Best Director">Academy Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1927–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Borzage" title="Frank Borzage">Frank Borzage</a> (1927/28; Dramatic Picture)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Milestone" title="Lewis Milestone">Lewis Milestone</a> (1927/28; Comedy Picture)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Lloyd" title="Frank Lloyd">Frank Lloyd</a> (1928/29)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Milestone" title="Lewis Milestone">Lewis Milestone</a> (1929/30)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Norman_Taurog" title="Norman Taurog">Norman Taurog</a> (1930/31)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Borzage" title="Frank Borzage">Frank Borzage</a> (1931/32)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Lloyd" title="Frank Lloyd">Frank Lloyd</a> (1932/33)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Capra" title="Frank Capra">Frank Capra</a> (1934)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1935)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Capra" title="Frank Capra">Frank Capra</a> (1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leo_McCarey" title="Leo McCarey">Leo McCarey</a> (1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Capra" title="Frank Capra">Frank Capra</a> (1938)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Victor_Fleming" title="Victor Fleming">Victor Fleming</a> (1939)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1940)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1941)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Wyler" title="William Wyler">William Wyler</a> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Curtiz" title="Michael Curtiz">Michael Curtiz</a> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leo_McCarey" title="Leo McCarey">Leo McCarey</a> (1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Wyler" title="William Wyler">William Wyler</a> (1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1950)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Stevens" title="George Stevens">George Stevens</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Delbert_Mann" title="Delbert Mann">Delbert Mann</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Stevens" title="George Stevens">George Stevens</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vincente_Minnelli" title="Vincente Minnelli">Vincente Minnelli</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Wyler" title="William Wyler">William Wyler</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Robbins" title="Jerome Robbins">Jerome Robbins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Wise" title="Robert Wise">Robert Wise</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Richardson" title="Tony Richardson">Tony Richardson</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Cukor" title="George Cukor">George Cukor</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wise" title="Robert Wise">Robert Wise</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carol_Reed" title="Carol Reed">Carol Reed</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Schlesinger" title="John Schlesinger">John Schlesinger</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_J._Schaffner" title="Franklin J. Schaffner">Franklin J. Schaffner</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Friedkin" title="William Friedkin">William Friedkin</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Fosse" title="Bob Fosse">Bob Fosse</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Roy_Hill" title="George Roy Hill">George Roy Hill</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_G._Avildsen" title="John G. Avildsen">John G. Avildsen</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cimino" title="Michael Cimino">Michael Cimino</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Benton" title="Robert Benton">Robert Benton</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Attenborough" title="Richard Attenborough">Richard Attenborough</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Pollack" title="Sydney Pollack">Sydney Pollack</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Bertolucci" title="Bernardo Bertolucci">Bernardo Bertolucci</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barry_Levinson" title="Barry Levinson">Barry Levinson</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Costner" title="Kevin Costner">Kevin Costner</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Demme" title="Jonathan Demme">Jonathan Demme</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Zemeckis" title="Robert Zemeckis">Robert Zemeckis</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mel_Gibson" title="Mel Gibson">Mel Gibson</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Minghella" title="Anthony Minghella">Anthony Minghella</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mendes" title="Sam Mendes">Sam Mendes</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Soderbergh" title="Steven Soderbergh">Steven Soderbergh</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Howard" title="Ron Howard">Ron Howard</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Danny_Boyle" title="Danny Boyle">Danny Boyle</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hooper" title="Tom Hooper">Tom Hooper</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michel_Hazanavicius" title="Michel Hazanavicius">Michel Hazanavicius</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_I%C3%B1%C3%A1rritu" title="Alejandro González Iñárritu">Alejandro González Iñárritu</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_I%C3%B1%C3%A1rritu" title="Alejandro González Iñárritu">Alejandro González Iñárritu</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Damien_Chazelle" title="Damien Chazelle">Damien Chazelle</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Guillermo_del_Toro" title="Guillermo del Toro">Guillermo del Toro</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bong_Joon-ho" title="Bong Joon-ho">Bong Joon-ho</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020/21)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniels_(directors)" title="Daniels (directors)">Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Screenplay82" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #EEDD82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Screenplay" title="Template:Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Screenplay" title="Template talk:Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Screenplay" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Screenplay82" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Screenplay" title="Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay">Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1940–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Preston_Sturges" title="Preston Sturges">Preston Sturges</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_J._Mankiewicz" title="Herman J. Mankiewicz">Herman J. Mankiewicz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kanin" title="Michael Kanin">Michael Kanin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ring_Lardner_Jr." title="Ring Lardner Jr.">Ring Lardner Jr.</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Krasna" title="Norman Krasna">Norman Krasna</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamar_Trotti" title="Lamar Trotti">Lamar Trotti</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Schweizer" title="Richard Schweizer">Richard Schweizer</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muriel_Box" title="Muriel Box">Muriel Box</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Box" title="Sydney Box">Sydney Box</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Sheldon" title="Sidney Sheldon">Sidney Sheldon</a> (1947)</li> <li>No award (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Pirosh" title="Robert Pirosh">Robert Pirosh</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Brackett" title="Charles Brackett">Charles Brackett</a>, <a href="/wiki/D._M._Marshman_Jr." title="D. M. Marshman Jr.">D. M. Marshman Jr.</a>, and <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Jay_Lerner" title="Alan Jay Lerner">Alan Jay Lerner</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._E._B._Clarke" title="T. E. B. Clarke">T. E. B. Clarke</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Brackett" title="Charles Brackett">Charles Brackett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_L._Breen" title="Richard L. Breen">Richard L. Breen</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Walter_Reisch" title="Walter Reisch">Walter Reisch</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budd_Schulberg" title="Budd Schulberg">Budd Schulberg</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonya_Levien" title="Sonya Levien">Sonya Levien</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Ludwig_(screenwriter)" title="William Ludwig (screenwriter)">William Ludwig</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Lamorisse" title="Albert Lamorisse">Albert Lamorisse</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Wells_(screenwriter)" title="George Wells (screenwriter)">George Wells</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedrick_Young" title="Nedrick Young">Nathan E. Douglas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harold_Jacob_Smith" title="Harold Jacob Smith">Harold Jacob Smith</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Greene" title="Clarence Greene">Clarence Greene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Richlin" title="Maurice Richlin">Maurice Richlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russell_Rouse" title="Russell Rouse">Russell Rouse</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Shapiro" title="Stanley Shapiro">Stanley Shapiro</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I._A._L._Diamond" title="I. A. L. Diamond">I. A. L. Diamond</a> and <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Inge" title="William Inge">William Inge</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennio_De_Concini" title="Ennio De Concini">Ennio De Concini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Germi" title="Pietro Germi">Pietro Germi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Giannetti" title="Alfredo Giannetti">Alfredo Giannetti</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_R._Webb" title="James R. Webb">James Webb</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._H._Barnett" title="S. H. Barnett">S. H. Barnett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Stone_(writer)" title="Peter Stone (writer)">Peter Stone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Tarloff" title="Frank Tarloff">Frank Tarloff</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Raphael" title="Frederic Raphael">Frederic Raphael</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Lelouch" title="Claude Lelouch">Claude Lelouch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Uytterhoeven" title="Pierre Uytterhoeven">Pierre Uytterhoeven</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Rose_(screenwriter)" title="William Rose (screenwriter)">William Rose</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Goldman" title="William Goldman">William Goldman</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edmund_H._North" title="Edmund H. North">Edmund H. North</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddy_Chayefsky" title="Paddy Chayefsky">Paddy Chayefsky</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Larner" title="Jeremy Larner">Jeremy Larner</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_S._Ward" title="David S. Ward">David S. Ward</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Towne" title="Robert Towne">Robert Towne</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Pierson" title="Frank Pierson">Frank Pierson</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paddy_Chayefsky" title="Paddy Chayefsky">Paddy Chayefsky</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Brickman" title="Marshall Brickman">Marshall Brickman</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Jones" title="Robert C. Jones">Robert C. Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waldo_Salt" title="Waldo Salt">Waldo Salt</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Dowd" title="Nancy Dowd">Nancy Dowd</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Tesich" title="Steve Tesich">Steve Tesich</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Goldman" title="Bo Goldman">Bo Goldman</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Welland" title="Colin Welland">Colin Welland</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Briley" title="John Briley">John Briley</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horton_Foote" title="Horton Foote">Horton Foote</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Benton" title="Robert Benton">Robert Benton</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Kelley_(screenwriter)" title="William Kelley (screenwriter)">William Kelley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pamela_Wallace" title="Pamela Wallace">Pamela Wallace</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Earl_W._Wallace" title="Earl W. Wallace">Earl W. Wallace</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Patrick_Shanley" title="John Patrick Shanley">John Patrick Shanley</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Bass" title="Ronald Bass">Ronald Bass</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barry_Morrow" title="Barry Morrow">Barry Morrow</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Schulman" title="Tom Schulman">Tom Schulman</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Joel_Rubin" title="Bruce Joel Rubin">Bruce Joel Rubin</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callie_Khouri" title="Callie Khouri">Callie Khouri</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Jordan" title="Neil Jordan">Neil Jordan</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roger_Avary" title="Roger Avary">Roger Avary</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_McQuarrie" title="Christopher McQuarrie">Christopher McQuarrie</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Affleck" title="Ben Affleck">Ben Affleck</a> and <a href="/wiki/Matt_Damon" title="Matt Damon">Matt Damon</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Norman" title="Marc Norman">Marc Norman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tom_Stoppard" title="Tom Stoppard">Tom Stoppard</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Ball_(screenwriter)" title="Alan Ball (screenwriter)">Alan Ball</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameron_Crowe" title="Cameron Crowe">Cameron Crowe</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Fellowes" title="Julian Fellowes">Julian Fellowes</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofia_Coppola" title="Sofia Coppola">Sofia Coppola</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Bismuth" title="Pierre Bismuth">Pierre Bismuth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michel_Gondry" title="Michel Gondry">Michel Gondry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kaufman" title="Charlie Kaufman">Charlie Kaufman</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Haggis" title="Paul Haggis">Paul Haggis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Moresco" title="Robert Moresco">Bobby Moresco</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Arndt" title="Michael Arndt">Michael Arndt</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diablo_Cody" title="Diablo Cody">Diablo Cody</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Lance_Black" title="Dustin Lance Black">Dustin Lance Black</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Boal" title="Mark Boal">Mark Boal</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Seidler" title="David Seidler">David Seidler</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Jonze" title="Spike Jonze">Spike Jonze</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_I%C3%B1%C3%A1rritu" title="Alejandro González Iñárritu">Alejandro G. Iñárritu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Giacobone" title="Nicolás Giacobone">Nicolás Giacobone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dinelaris_Jr." title="Alexander Dinelaris Jr.">Alexander Dinelaris Jr.</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Armando_B%C3%B3_(screenwriter)" title="Armando Bó (screenwriter)">Armando Bo</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_McCarthy_(director)" title="Tom McCarthy (director)">Tom McCarthy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Josh_Singer" title="Josh Singer">Josh Singer</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Lonergan" title="Kenneth Lonergan">Kenneth Lonergan</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_Peele" title="Jordan Peele">Jordan Peele</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Vallelonga" title="Nick Vallelonga">Nick Vallelonga</a>, Brian Currie and <a href="/wiki/Peter_Farrelly" title="Peter Farrelly">Peter Farrelly</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bong_Joon-ho" title="Bong Joon-ho">Bong Joon-ho</a> and <a href="/wiki/Han_Jin-won" title="Han Jin-won">Han Jin-won</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerald_Fennell" title="Emerald Fennell">Emerald Fennell</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Branagh" title="Kenneth Branagh">Kenneth Branagh</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniels_(directors)" title="Daniels (directors)">Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justine_Triet" title="Justine Triet">Justine Triet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Harari" title="Arthur Harari">Arthur Harari</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Academy_Award_for_Best_Adapted_Screenplay92" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #EEDD82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Adapted_Screenplay" title="Template:Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Academy_Award_for_Best_Adapted_Screenplay" title="Template talk:Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Adapted_Screenplay" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Academy_Award_for_Best_Adapted_Screenplay92" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Adapted_Screenplay" title="Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay">Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1928–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Glazer" title="Benjamin Glazer">Benjamin Glazer</a> (1928)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hanns_Kr%C3%A4ly" title="Hanns Kräly">Hanns Kräly</a> (1929)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frances_Marion" title="Frances Marion">Frances Marion</a> (1930)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Howard_Estabrook" title="Howard Estabrook">Howard Estabrook</a> (1931)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edwin_J._Burke" title="Edwin J. Burke">Edwin J. Burke</a> (1932)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Victor_Heerman" title="Victor Heerman">Victor Heerman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Y._Mason" title="Sarah Y. Mason">Sarah Y. Mason</a> (1933)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Riskin" title="Robert Riskin">Robert Riskin</a> (1934)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dudley_Nichols" title="Dudley Nichols">Dudley Nichols</a> (1935)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Collings" title="Pierre Collings">Pierre Collings</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sheridan_Gibney" title="Sheridan Gibney">Sheridan Gibney</a> (1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Heinz Herald, Geza Herczeg, and <a href="/wiki/Norman_Reilly_Raine" title="Norman Reilly Raine">Norman Reilly Raine</a> (1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ian_Dalrymple" title="Ian Dalrymple">Ian Dalrymple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Arthur_Lewis" title="Cecil Arthur Lewis">Cecil Arthur Lewis</a>, <a href="/wiki/W._P._Lipscomb" title="W. P. Lipscomb">W. P. Lipscomb</a>, and <a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Bernard Shaw</a> (1938)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Howard" title="Sidney Howard">Sidney Howard</a> (1939)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Ogden_Stewart" title="Donald Ogden Stewart">Donald Ogden Stewart</a> (1940)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Buchman" title="Sidney Buchman">Sidney Buchman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seton_I._Miller" title="Seton I. Miller">Seton I. Miller</a> (1941)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Froeschel" title="George Froeschel">George Froeschel</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Hilton_(novelist)" title="James Hilton (novelist)">James Hilton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claudine_West" title="Claudine West">Claudine West</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wimperis" title="Arthur Wimperis">Arthur Wimperis</a> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philip_G._Epstein" title="Philip G. Epstein">Philip G. Epstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julius_J._Epstein" title="Julius J. Epstein">Julius J. Epstein</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Howard_Koch_(screenwriter)" title="Howard Koch (screenwriter)">Howard Koch</a> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Butler_(writer)" title="Frank Butler (writer)">Frank Butler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Cavett" title="Frank Cavett">Frank Cavett</a> (1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Brackett" title="Charles Brackett">Charles Brackett</a> and <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Sherwood" title="Robert E. Sherwood">Robert Sherwood</a> (1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Seaton" title="George Seaton">George Seaton</a> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1950)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Brown_(writer)" title="Harry Brown (writer)">Harry Brown</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Wilson_(writer)" title="Michael Wilson (writer)">Michael Wilson</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Schnee" title="Charles Schnee">Charles Schnee</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Taradash" title="Daniel Taradash">Daniel Taradash</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Seaton" title="George Seaton">George Seaton</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paddy_Chayefsky" title="Paddy Chayefsky">Paddy Chayefsky</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Farrow" title="John Farrow">John Farrow</a>, <a href="/wiki/S._J._Perelman" title="S. J. Perelman">S. J. Perelman</a>, and <a href="/wiki/James_Poe" title="James Poe">James Poe</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle">Pierre Boulle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Foreman" title="Carl Foreman">Carl Foreman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Wilson_(writer)" title="Michael Wilson (writer)">Michael Wilson</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Jay_Lerner" title="Alan Jay Lerner">Alan Jay Lerner</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Neil_Paterson_(writer)" title="Neil Paterson (writer)">Neil Paterson</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Brooks" title="Richard Brooks">Richard Brooks</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Abby_Mann" title="Abby Mann">Abby Mann</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Horton_Foote" title="Horton Foote">Horton Foote</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Osborne" title="John Osborne">John Osborne</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Anhalt" title="Edward Anhalt">Edward Anhalt</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bolt" title="Robert Bolt">Robert Bolt</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bolt" title="Robert Bolt">Robert Bolt</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stirling_Silliphant" title="Stirling Silliphant">Stirling Silliphant</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Goldman" title="James Goldman">James Goldman</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Waldo_Salt" title="Waldo Salt">Waldo Salt</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ring_Lardner_Jr." title="Ring Lardner Jr.">Ring Lardner Jr.</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Tidyman" title="Ernest Tidyman">Ernest Tidyman</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mario_Puzo" title="Mario Puzo">Mario Puzo</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Peter_Blatty" title="William Peter Blatty">William Peter Blatty</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mario_Puzo" title="Mario Puzo">Mario Puzo</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bo_Goldman" title="Bo Goldman">Bo Goldman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Hauben" title="Lawrence Hauben">Lawrence Hauben</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Goldman" title="William Goldman">William Goldman</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Sargent" title="Alvin Sargent">Alvin Sargent</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Benton" title="Robert Benton">Robert Benton</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Sargent" title="Alvin Sargent">Alvin Sargent</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Thompson" title="Ernest Thompson">Ernest Thompson</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Costa-Gavras" title="Costa-Gavras">Costa-Gavras</a> and <a href="/wiki/Donald_E._Stewart" title="Donald E. Stewart">Donald E. Stewart</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Shaffer" title="Peter Shaffer">Peter Shaffer</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Luedtke" title="Kurt Luedtke">Kurt Luedtke</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Prawer_Jhabvala" title="Ruth Prawer Jhabvala">Ruth Prawer Jhabvala</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Bertolucci" title="Bernardo Bertolucci">Bernardo Bertolucci</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mark_Peploe" title="Mark Peploe">Mark Peploe</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hampton" title="Christopher Hampton">Christopher Hampton</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Uhry" title="Alfred Uhry">Alfred Uhry</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Blake_(author)" title="Michael Blake (author)">Michael Blake</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Tally" title="Ted Tally">Ted Tally</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Prawer_Jhabvala" title="Ruth Prawer Jhabvala">Ruth Prawer Jhabvala</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Zaillian" title="Steven Zaillian">Steven Zaillian</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Roth" title="Eric Roth">Eric Roth</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emma_Thompson" title="Emma Thompson">Emma Thompson</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Bob_Thornton" title="Billy Bob Thornton">Billy Bob Thornton</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brian_Helgeland" title="Brian Helgeland">Brian Helgeland</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Condon" title="Bill Condon">Bill Condon</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Irving" title="John Irving">John Irving</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Gaghan" title="Stephen Gaghan">Stephen Gaghan</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Akiva_Goldsman" title="Akiva Goldsman">Akiva Goldsman</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Harwood" title="Ronald Harwood">Ronald Harwood</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philippa_Boyens" title="Philippa Boyens">Philippa Boyens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fran_Walsh" title="Fran Walsh">Fran Walsh</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Taylor_(writer)" title="Jim Taylor (writer)">Jim Taylor</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Larry_McMurtry" title="Larry McMurtry">Larry McMurtry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Diana_Ossana" title="Diana Ossana">Diana Ossana</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Monahan" title="William Monahan">William Monahan</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Beaufoy" title="Simon Beaufoy">Simon Beaufoy</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_S._Fletcher" title="Geoffrey S. Fletcher">Geoffrey S. Fletcher</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Sorkin" title="Aaron Sorkin">Aaron Sorkin</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Rash" title="Jim Rash">Jim Rash</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nat_Faxon" title="Nat Faxon">Nat Faxon</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Terrio" title="Chris Terrio">Chris Terrio</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Ridley" title="John Ridley">John Ridley</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Graham_Moore_(writer)" title="Graham Moore (writer)">Graham Moore</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adam_McKay" title="Adam McKay">Adam McKay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Randolph" title="Charles Randolph">Charles Randolph</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barry_Jenkins" title="Barry Jenkins">Barry Jenkins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tarell_Alvin_McCraney" title="Tarell Alvin McCraney">Tarell Alvin McCraney</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Ivory" title="James Ivory">James Ivory</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Wachtel" title="Charlie Wachtel">Charlie Wachtel</a>, David Rabinowitz, <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Willmott" title="Kevin Willmott">Kevin Willmott</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Taika_Waititi" title="Taika Waititi">Taika Waititi</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hampton" title="Christopher Hampton">Christopher Hampton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Florian_Zeller" title="Florian Zeller">Florian Zeller</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sian_Heder" title="Sian Heder">Sian Heder</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Polley" title="Sarah Polley">Sarah Polley</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cord_Jefferson" title="Cord Jefferson">Cord Jefferson</a> (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="AFI_Life_Achievement_Award30" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #EEDD82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:AFI_Life_Achievement_Award" title="Template:AFI Life Achievement Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:AFI_Life_Achievement_Award" title="Template talk:AFI Life Achievement Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:AFI_Life_Achievement_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:AFI Life Achievement Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="AFI_Life_Achievement_Award30" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/AFI_Life_Achievement_Award" title="AFI Life Achievement Award">AFI Life Achievement Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Cagney" title="James Cagney">James Cagney</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Wyler" title="William Wyler">William Wyler</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bette_Davis" title="Bette Davis">Bette Davis</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fonda" title="Henry Fonda">Henry Fonda</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Astaire" title="Fred Astaire">Fred Astaire</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Capra" title="Frank Capra">Frank Capra</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Gish" title="Lillian Gish">Lillian Gish</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly">Gene Kelly</a> (1985) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Stanwyck" title="Barbara Stanwyck">Barbara Stanwyck</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lemmon" title="Jack Lemmon">Jack Lemmon</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kirk_Douglas" title="Kirk Douglas">Kirk Douglas</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Poitier" title="Sidney Poitier">Sidney Poitier</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor" title="Elizabeth Taylor">Elizabeth Taylor</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicholson" title="Jack Nicholson">Jack Nicholson</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wise" title="Robert Wise">Robert Wise</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Ford" title="Harrison Ford">Harrison Ford</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hanks" title="Tom Hanks">Tom Hanks</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Meryl_Streep" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a> (2004) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Connery" title="Sean Connery">Sean Connery</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Douglas" title="Michael Douglas">Michael Douglas</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Freeman" title="Morgan Freeman">Morgan Freeman</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shirley_MacLaine" title="Shirley MacLaine">Shirley MacLaine</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steve_Martin" title="Steve Martin">Steve Martin</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Diane_Keaton" title="Diane Keaton">Diane Keaton</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Clooney" title="George Clooney">George Clooney</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Denzel_Washington" title="Denzel Washington">Denzel Washington</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julie_Andrews" title="Julie Andrews">Julie Andrews</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Kidman" title="Nicole Kidman">Nicole Kidman</a> (2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (2025)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Film74" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks plainlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BDB76B"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Film_recipients" title="Template:BAFTA Award for Best Film recipients"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Film_recipients" title="Template talk:BAFTA Award for Best Film recipients"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Film_recipients" title="Special:EditPage/Template:BAFTA Award for Best Film recipients"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Film74" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Film" title="BAFTA Award for Best Film">BAFTA Award for Best Film</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BDB76B;background: #BDB76B;"><div id="1940s74" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1940s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Best_Years_of_Our_Lives" title="The Best Years of Our Lives">The Best Years of Our Lives</a></i> (1947)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1948_film)" title="Hamlet (1948 film)">Hamlet</a></i> (1948)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_Thieves" title="Bicycle Thieves">Bicycle Thieves</a></i> (1949)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BDB76B;background: #BDB76B;"><div id="1950s74" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1950s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/All_About_Eve" title="All About Eve">All About Eve</a></i> (1950)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Ronde_(1950_film)" title="La Ronde (1950 film)">La Ronde</a></i> (1951)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sound_Barrier" title="The Sound Barrier">The Sound Barrier</a></i> (1952)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Forbidden_Games" title="Forbidden Games">Forbidden Games</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wages_of_Fear" title="The Wages of Fear">The Wages of Fear</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(1955_film)" title="Richard III (1955 film)">Richard III</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gervaise_(film)" title="Gervaise (film)">Gervaise</a></i> (1956)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_on_the_River_Kwai" title="The Bridge on the River Kwai">The Bridge on the River Kwai</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Room_at_the_Top_(1959_film)" title="Room at the Top (1959 film)">Room at the Top</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ben-Hur_(1959_film)" title="Ben-Hur (1959 film)">Ben-Hur</a></i> (1959)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BDB76B;background: #BDB76B;"><div id="1960s74" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1960s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Apartment" title="The Apartment">The Apartment</a></i> – <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ballad_of_a_Soldier" title="Ballad of a Soldier">Ballad of a Soldier</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Grigori_Chukhrai" class="mw-redirect" title="Grigori Chukhrai">Grigori Chukhrai</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hustler" title="The Hustler">The Hustler</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Rossen" title="Robert Rossen">Robert Rossen</a> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_of_Arabia_(film)" title="Lawrence of Arabia (film)">Lawrence of Arabia</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tom_Jones_(1963_film)" title="Tom Jones (1963 film)">Tom Jones</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dr._Strangelove" title="Dr. Strangelove">Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb</a></i> (1964)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/My_Fair_Lady_(film)" title="My Fair Lady (film)">My Fair Lady</a></i> (1965)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Who%27s_Afraid_of_Virginia_Woolf%3F_(film)" title="Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (film)">Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Man_for_All_Seasons_(1966_film)" title="A Man for All Seasons (1966 film)">A Man for All Seasons</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Graduate" title="The Graduate">The Graduate</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Midnight_Cowboy" title="Midnight Cowboy">Midnight Cowboy</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/John_Schlesinger" title="John Schlesinger">John Schlesinger</a> (1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BDB76B;background: #BDB76B;"><div id="1970s74" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1970s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Butch_Cassidy_and_the_Sundance_Kid" title="Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid">Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunday_Bloody_Sunday_(film)" title="Sunday Bloody Sunday (film)">Sunday Bloody Sunday</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cabaret_(1972_film)" title="Cabaret (1972 film)">Cabaret</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Day_for_Night_(film)" title="Day for Night (film)">Day for Night</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lacombe,_Lucien" title="Lacombe, Lucien">Lacombe, Lucien</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alice_Doesn%27t_Live_Here_Anymore" title="Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore">Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore</a></i> (1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/One_Flew_Over_the_Cuckoo%27s_Nest_(film)" title="One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (film)">One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Annie_Hall" title="Annie Hall">Annie Hall</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Joffe" title="Charles H. Joffe">Charles H. Joffe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jack_Rollins_(producer)" title="Jack Rollins (producer)">Jack Rollins</a> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Julia_(1977_film)" title="Julia (1977 film)">Julia</a></i> – Richard Roth (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_(1979_film)" title="Manhattan (1979 film)">Manhattan</a></i> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BDB76B;background: #BDB76B;"><div id="1980s74" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1980s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Elephant_Man_(film)" title="The Elephant Man (film)">The Elephant Man</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chariots_of_Fire" title="Chariots of Fire">Chariots of Fire</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/David_Puttnam" title="David Puttnam">David Puttnam</a> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gandhi_(film)" title="Gandhi (film)">Gandhi</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Attenborough" title="Richard Attenborough">Richard Attenborough</a> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Educating_Rita_(film)" title="Educating Rita (film)">Educating Rita</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Gilbert" title="Lewis Gilbert">Lewis Gilbert</a> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Killing_Fields_(film)" title="The Killing Fields (film)">The Killing Fields</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/David_Puttnam" title="David Puttnam">David Puttnam</a> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Purple_Rose_of_Cairo" title="The Purple Rose of Cairo">The Purple Rose of Cairo</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Greenhut" title="Robert Greenhut">Robert Greenhut</a> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Room_with_a_View_(1985_film)" title="A Room with a View (1985 film)">A Room with a View</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/James_Ivory" title="James Ivory">James Ivory</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ismail_Merchant" title="Ismail Merchant">Ismail Merchant</a> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jean_de_Florette" title="Jean de Florette">Jean de Florette</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Claude_Berri" title="Claude Berri">Claude Berri</a> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Emperor" title="The Last Emperor">The Last Emperor</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Bertolucci" title="Bernardo Bertolucci">Bernardo Bertolucci</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Thomas" title="Jeremy Thomas">Jeremy Thomas</a> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dead_Poets_Society" title="Dead Poets Society">Dead Poets Society</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weir" title="Peter Weir">Peter Weir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steven_Haft" title="Steven Haft">Steven Haft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Junger_Witt" title="Paul Junger Witt">Paul Junger Witt</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tony_Thomas_(producer)" title="Tony Thomas (producer)">Tony Thomas</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BDB76B;background: #BDB76B;"><div id="1990s74" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1990s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Goodfellas" title="Goodfellas">Goodfellas</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Chartoff" title="Robert Chartoff">Robert Chartoff</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Winkler" title="Irwin Winkler">Irwin Winkler</a> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Commitments_(film)" title="The Commitments (film)">The Commitments</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Alan_Parker" title="Alan Parker">Alan Parker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lynda_Myles_(British_producer)" title="Lynda Myles (British producer)">Lynda Myles</a>, and Roger Randall-Cutler (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Howards_End_(film)" title="Howards End (film)">Howards End</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/James_Ivory" title="James Ivory">James Ivory</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ismail_Merchant" title="Ismail Merchant">Ismail Merchant</a> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Schindler%27s_List" title="Schindler's List">Schindler's List</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Branko_Lustig" title="Branko Lustig">Branko Lustig</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gerald_R._Molen" title="Gerald R. Molen">Gerald R. Molen</a> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Four_Weddings_and_a_Funeral" title="Four Weddings and a Funeral">Four Weddings and a Funeral</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Mike_Newell_(director)" title="Mike Newell (director)">Mike Newell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Kenworthy" title="Duncan Kenworthy">Duncan Kenworthy</a> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sense_and_Sensibility_(film)" title="Sense and Sensibility (film)">Sense and Sensibility</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lindsay_Doran" title="Lindsay Doran">Lindsay Doran</a> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_English_Patient_(film)" title="The English Patient (film)">The English Patient</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Minghella" title="Anthony Minghella">Anthony Minghella</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saul_Zaentz" title="Saul Zaentz">Saul Zaentz</a> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Full_Monty" title="The Full Monty">The Full Monty</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Peter_Cattaneo" title="Peter Cattaneo">Peter Cattaneo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uberto_Pasolini" title="Uberto Pasolini">Uberto Pasolini</a> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_in_Love" title="Shakespeare in Love">Shakespeare in Love</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Donna_Gigliotti" title="Donna Gigliotti">Donna Gigliotti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marc_Norman" title="Marc Norman">Marc Norman</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Parfitt" title="David Parfitt">David Parfitt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Weinstein" title="Harvey Weinstein">Harvey Weinstein</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Edward_Zwick" title="Edward Zwick">Edward Zwick</a> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Beauty_(1999_film)" title="American Beauty (1999 film)">American Beauty</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Cohen" title="Bruce Cohen">Bruce Cohen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dan_Jinks" title="Dan Jinks">Dan Jinks</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BDB76B;background: #BDB76B;"><div id="2000s74" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2000s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gladiator_(2000_film)" title="Gladiator (2000 film)">Gladiator</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/David_Franzoni" title="David Franzoni">David Franzoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Branko_Lustig" title="Branko Lustig">Branko Lustig</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Wick" title="Douglas Wick">Douglas Wick</a> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_The_Fellowship_of_the_Ring" title="The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring">The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barrie_M._Osborne" title="Barrie M. Osborne">Barrie M. Osborne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tim_Sanders_(filmmaker)" title="Tim Sanders (filmmaker)">Tim Sanders</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fran_Walsh" title="Fran Walsh">Fran Walsh</a> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Pianist_(2002_film)" title="The Pianist (2002 film)">The Pianist</a></i> – Robert Benmussa, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alain_Sarde" title="Alain Sarde">Alain Sarde</a> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_The_Return_of_the_King" title="The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King">The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barrie_M._Osborne" title="Barrie M. Osborne">Barrie M. Osborne</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fran_Walsh" title="Fran Walsh">Fran Walsh</a> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Aviator_(2004_film)" title="The Aviator (2004 film)">The Aviator</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Climan" title="Sandy Climan">Sandy Climan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Evans_Jr." title="Charles Evans Jr.">Charles Evans Jr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graham_King" title="Graham King">Graham King</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Mann" title="Michael Mann">Michael Mann</a> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brokeback_Mountain" title="Brokeback Mountain">Brokeback Mountain</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Diana_Ossana" title="Diana Ossana">Diana Ossana</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Schamus" title="James Schamus">James Schamus</a> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Queen_(2006_film)" title="The Queen (2006 film)">The Queen</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Andy_Harries" title="Andy Harries">Andy Harries</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christine_Langan" title="Christine Langan">Christine Langan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tracey_Seaward" title="Tracey Seaward">Tracey Seaward</a> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Atonement_(2007_film)" title="Atonement (2007 film)">Atonement</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Tim_Bevan" title="Tim Bevan">Tim Bevan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Fellner" title="Eric Fellner">Eric Fellner</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Webster_(producer)" title="Paul Webster (producer)">Paul Webster</a> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Slumdog_Millionaire" title="Slumdog Millionaire">Slumdog Millionaire</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Christian_Colson" title="Christian Colson">Christian Colson</a> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hurt_Locker" title="The Hurt Locker">The Hurt Locker</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Boal" title="Mark Boal">Mark Boal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Chartier" title="Nicolas Chartier">Nicolas Chartier</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Greg_Shapiro_(producer)" title="Greg Shapiro (producer)">Greg Shapiro</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BDB76B;background: #BDB76B;"><div id="2010s74" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2010s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_King%27s_Speech" title="The King's Speech">The King's Speech</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Iain_Canning" title="Iain Canning">Iain Canning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emile_Sherman" title="Emile Sherman">Emile Sherman</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gareth_Unwin" title="Gareth Unwin">Gareth Unwin</a> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Artist_(film)" title="The Artist (film)">The Artist</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Langmann" title="Thomas Langmann">Thomas Langmann</a> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Argo_(2012_film)" title="Argo (2012 film)">Argo</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Ben_Affleck" title="Ben Affleck">Ben Affleck</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Clooney" title="George Clooney">George Clooney</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Grant_Heslov" title="Grant Heslov">Grant Heslov</a> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/12_Years_a_Slave_(film)" title="12 Years a Slave (film)">12 Years a Slave</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Dede_Gardner" title="Dede Gardner">Dede Gardner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Katagas" title="Anthony Katagas">Anthony Katagas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Kleiner" title="Jeremy Kleiner">Jeremy Kleiner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_McQueen_(director)" title="Steve McQueen (director)">Steve McQueen</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Brad_Pitt" title="Brad Pitt">Brad Pitt</a> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Boyhood_(2014_film)" title="Boyhood (2014 film)">Boyhood</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cathleen_Sutherland" title="Cathleen Sutherland">Cathleen Sutherland</a> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Revenant_(2015_film)" title="The Revenant (2015 film)">The Revenant</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Steve_Golin" title="Steve Golin">Steve Golin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_I%C3%B1%C3%A1rritu" title="Alejandro González Iñárritu">Alejandro G. Iñárritu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arnon_Milchan" title="Arnon Milchan">Arnon Milchan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Parent" title="Mary Parent">Mary Parent</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Keith_Redmon" title="Keith Redmon">Keith Redmon</a> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_La_Land" title="La La Land">La La Land</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Fred_Berger_(producer)" title="Fred Berger (producer)">Fred Berger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jordan_Horowitz" title="Jordan Horowitz">Jordan Horowitz</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Marc_Platt_(producer)" title="Marc Platt (producer)">Marc Platt</a> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Billboards_Outside_Ebbing,_Missouri" title="Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri">Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Graham_Broadbent" title="Graham Broadbent">Graham Broadbent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Czernin" title="Peter Czernin">Peter Czernin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Martin_McDonagh" title="Martin McDonagh">Martin McDonagh</a> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roma_(2018_film)" title="Roma (2018 film)">Roma</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Celis_(film_producer)" title="Nicolás Celis (film producer)">Nicolás Celis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Rodr%C3%ADguez_(producer)" title="Gabriela Rodríguez (producer)">Gabriela Rodríguez</a> (2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1917_(2019_film)" title="1917 (2019 film)">1917</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Pippa_Harris" title="Pippa Harris">Pippa Harris</a>, Callum McDougall, <a href="/wiki/Sam_Mendes" title="Sam Mendes">Sam Mendes</a>, and Jayne-Ann Tenggren (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BDB76B;background: #BDB76B;"><div id="2020s74" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2020s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nomadland" title="Nomadland">Nomadland</a></i> – Mollye Asher, Dan Janvey, <a href="/wiki/Frances_McDormand" title="Frances McDormand">Frances McDormand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Spears" title="Peter Spears">Peter Spears</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Power_of_the_Dog_(film)" title="The Power of the Dog (film)">The Power of the Dog</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iain_Canning" title="Iain Canning">Iain Canning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Frappier" title="Roger Frappier">Roger Frappier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tanya_Seghatchian" title="Tanya Seghatchian">Tanya Seghatchian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Emile_Sherman" title="Emile Sherman">Emile Sherman</a> (2021)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/All_Quiet_on_the_Western_Front_(2022_film)" title="All Quiet on the Western Front (2022 film)">All Quiet on the Western Front</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Malte_Grunert" title="Malte Grunert">Malte Grunert</a> (2022)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oppenheimer_(film)" title="Oppenheimer (film)">Oppenheimer</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Roven" title="Charles Roven">Charles Roven</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Emma_Thomas" title="Emma Thomas">Emma Thomas</a> (2023)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conclave_(film)" title="Conclave (film)">Conclave</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/Tessa_Ross" title="Tessa Ross">Tessa Ross</a>, Juliette Howell, and Michael A. Jackman (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="BAFTA_Fellowship_Award68" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BDB76B"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:BAFTA_Academy_Fellowship_Award" title="Template:BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BAFTA_Academy_Fellowship_Award" title="Template talk:BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:BAFTA_Academy_Fellowship_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="BAFTA_Fellowship_Award68" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Fellowship" title="BAFTA Fellowship">BAFTA Fellowship Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BDB76B;width:1%;background: #C5B358">1971–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Freddie_Young" title="Freddie Young">Freddie Young</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Grace_Wyndham_Goldie" title="Grace Wyndham Goldie">Grace Wyndham Goldie</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Cousteau" title="Jacques Cousteau">Jacques Cousteau</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Denis_Forman" title="Denis Forman">Denis Forman</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lew_Grade" title="Lew Grade">Lew Grade</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Huw_Wheldon" title="Huw Wheldon">Huw Wheldon</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Attenborough" title="David Attenborough">David Attenborough</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Abel_Gance" title="Abel Gance">Abel Gance</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Powell" title="Michael Powell">Michael Powell</a> & <a href="/wiki/Emeric_Pressburger" title="Emeric Pressburger">Emeric Pressburger</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Attenborough" title="Richard Attenborough">Richard Attenborough</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Greene" title="Hugh Greene">Hugh Greene</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Spiegel" title="Sam Spiegel">Sam Spiegel</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Isaacs" title="Jeremy Isaacs">Jeremy Isaacs</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Fox_(television_executive)" title="Paul Fox (television executive)">Paul Fox</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Malle" title="Louis Malle">Louis Malle</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Gielgud" title="John Gielgud">John Gielgud</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Plowright" title="David Plowright">David Plowright</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Samuelson" title="Sydney Samuelson">Sydney Samuelson</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Colin_Young_(film_educator)" title="Colin Young (film educator)">Colin Young</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Grade" title="Michael Grade">Michael Grade</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Neame" title="Ronald Neame">Ronald Neame</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Schlesinger" title="John Schlesinger">John Schlesinger</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Smith" title="Maggie Smith">Maggie Smith</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Bochco" title="Steven Bochco">Steven Bochco</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julie_Christie" title="Julie Christie">Julie Christie</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Morris" title="Oswald Morris">Oswald Morris</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Rose_(songwriter)" title="David Rose (songwriter)">David Rose</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Connery" title="Sean Connery">Sean Connery</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Cotton" title="Bill Cotton">Bill Cotton</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Morecambe" title="Eric Morecambe">Eric Morecambe</a> & <a href="/wiki/Ernie_Wise" title="Ernie Wise">Ernie Wise</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor" title="Elizabeth Taylor">Elizabeth Taylor</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Caine" title="Michael Caine">Michael Caine</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Bazalgette" title="Peter Bazalgette">Peter Bazalgette</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BDB76B;width:1%;background: #C5B358">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Finney" title="Albert Finney">Albert Finney</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Thaw" title="John Thaw">John Thaw</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Judi_Dench" title="Judi Dench">Judi Dench</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Merchant_Ivory_Productions" title="Merchant Ivory Productions">Merchant Ivory Productions</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Davies_(writer)" title="Andrew Davies (writer)">Andrew Davies</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Mills" title="John Mills">John Mills</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Saul_Zaentz" title="Saul Zaentz">Saul Zaentz</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Jason" title="David Jason">David Jason</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Boorman" title="John Boorman">John Boorman</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Graef" title="Roger Graef">Roger Graef</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(composer)" title="John Barry (composer)">John Barry</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Frost" title="David Frost">David Frost</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Puttnam" title="David Puttnam">David Puttnam</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Loach" title="Ken Loach">Ken Loach</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anne_V._Coates" title="Anne V. Coates">Anne V. Coates</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Curtis" title="Richard Curtis">Richard Curtis</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Will_Wright_(game_designer)" title="Will Wright (game designer)">Will Wright</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hopkins" title="Anthony Hopkins">Anthony Hopkins</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Forsyth" title="Bruce Forsyth">Bruce Forsyth</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dawn_French" title="Dawn French">Dawn French</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Saunders" title="Jennifer Saunders">Jennifer Saunders</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Terry_Gilliam" title="Terry Gilliam">Terry Gilliam</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell">Nolan Bushnell</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Redgrave" title="Vanessa Redgrave">Vanessa Redgrave</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Miyamoto" title="Shigeru Miyamoto">Shigeru Miyamoto</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Melvyn_Bragg" title="Melvyn Bragg">Melvyn Bragg</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Lee" title="Christopher Lee">Christopher Lee</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Molyneux" title="Peter Molyneux">Peter Molyneux</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trevor_McDonald" title="Trevor McDonald">Trevor McDonald</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><s><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Harris" title="Rolf Harris">Rolf Harris</a></s> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Parker" title="Alan Parker">Alan Parker</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gabe_Newell" title="Gabe Newell">Gabe Newell</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Palin" title="Michael Palin">Michael Palin</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Helen_Mirren" title="Helen Mirren">Helen Mirren</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rockstar_Games" title="Rockstar Games">Rockstar Games</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julie_Walters" title="Julie Walters">Julie Walters</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Braben" title="David Braben">David Braben</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jon_Snow_(journalist)" title="Jon Snow (journalist)">Jon Snow</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Poitier" title="Sidney Poitier">Sidney Poitier</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack">John Carmack</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Galton" title="Ray Galton">Ray Galton</a> & <a href="/wiki/Alan_Simpson_(scriptwriter)" title="Alan Simpson (scriptwriter)">Alan Simpson</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joanna_Lumley" title="Joanna Lumley">Joanna Lumley</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ridley_Scott" title="Ridley Scott">Ridley Scott</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Schafer" title="Tim Schafer">Tim Schafer</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kate_Adie" title="Kate Adie">Kate Adie</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thelma_Schoonmaker" title="Thelma Schoonmaker">Thelma Schoonmaker</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joan_Bakewell" title="Joan Bakewell">Joan Bakewell</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Kennedy_(producer)" title="Kathleen Kennedy (producer)">Kathleen Kennedy</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hideo_Kojima" title="Hideo Kojima">Hideo Kojima</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Siobhan_Reddy" title="Siobhan Reddy">Siobhan Reddy</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Connolly" title="Billy Connolly">Billy Connolly</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Powell_(costume_designer)" title="Sandy Powell (costume designer)">Sandy Powell</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shuhei_Yoshida" title="Shuhei Yoshida">Shuhei Yoshida</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Meera_Syal" title="Meera Syal">Meera Syal</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samantha_Morton" title="Samantha Morton">Samantha Morton</a> (2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Floella_Benjamin" title="Floella Benjamin">Floella Benjamin</a> (2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Warwick_Davis" title="Warwick Davis">Warwick Davis</a> (2025)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="David_O._Selznick_Achievement_Award105" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #ABCDEF"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:David_O._Selznick_Achievement_Award_in_Theatrical_Motion_Pictures" title="Template:David O. Selznick Achievement Award in Theatrical Motion Pictures"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:David_O._Selznick_Achievement_Award_in_Theatrical_Motion_Pictures" title="Template talk:David O. Selznick Achievement Award in Theatrical Motion Pictures"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:David_O._Selznick_Achievement_Award_in_Theatrical_Motion_Pictures" title="Special:EditPage/Template:David O. Selznick Achievement Award in Theatrical Motion Pictures"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="David_O._Selznick_Achievement_Award105" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/David_O._Selznick_Achievement_Award_in_Theatrical_Motion_Pictures" title="David O. Selznick Achievement Award in Theatrical Motion Pictures">David O. Selznick Achievement Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hal_Roach" title="Hal Roach">Hal Roach</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kramer" title="Stanley Kramer">Stanley Kramer</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pandro_S._Berman" title="Pandro S. Berman">Pandro S. Berman</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Brown_(producer)" title="David Brown (producer)">David Brown</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_D._Zanuck" title="Richard D. Zanuck">Richard D. Zanuck</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Saul_Zaentz" title="Saul Zaentz">Saul Zaentz</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Howard_W._Koch" title="Howard W. Koch">Howard W. Koch</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Mirisch" title="Walter Mirisch">Walter Mirisch</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Bochco" title="Steven Bochco">Steven Bochco</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Bruckheimer" title="Jerry Bruckheimer">Jerry Bruckheimer</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Grazer" title="Brian Grazer">Brian Grazer</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Gordon_(producer)" title="Lawrence Gordon (producer)">Lawrence Gordon</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Evans" title="Robert Evans">Robert Evans</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dino_De_Laurentiis" title="Dino De Laurentiis">Dino De Laurentiis</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laura_Ziskin" title="Laura Ziskin">Laura Ziskin</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Corman" title="Roger Corman">Roger Corman</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Wick" title="Douglas Wick">Douglas Wick</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lucy_Fisher" title="Lucy Fisher">Lucy Fisher</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Kennedy_(producer)" title="Kathleen Kennedy (producer)">Kathleen Kennedy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Marshall_(filmmaker)" title="Frank Marshall (filmmaker)">Frank Marshall</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Douglas" title="Michael Douglas">Michael Douglas</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Lasseter" title="John Lasseter">John Lasseter</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Scott_Rudin" title="Scott Rudin">Scott Rudin</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Fellner" title="Eric Fellner">Eric Fellner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tim_Bevan" title="Tim Bevan">Tim Bevan</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Broccoli" title="Barbara Broccoli">Barbara Broccoli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_G._Wilson" title="Michael G. Wilson">Michael G. Wilson</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gale_Anne_Hurd" title="Gale Anne Hurd">Gale Anne Hurd</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Heyman" title="David Heyman">David Heyman</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Irwin_Winkler" title="Irwin Winkler">Irwin Winkler</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Roven" title="Charles Roven">Charles Roven</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Feige" title="Kevin Feige">Kevin Feige</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dede_Gardner" title="Dede Gardner">Dede Gardner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Kleiner" title="Jeremy Kleiner">Jeremy Kleiner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brad_Pitt" title="Brad Pitt">Brad Pitt</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Parent" title="Mary Parent">Mary Parent</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Cruise" title="Tom Cruise">Tom Cruise</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Meledandri" title="Chris Meledandri">Chris Meledandri</a> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Directors_Guild_of_America_Award_for_Outstanding_Directing_–_Feature_Film115" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #ABCDEF"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Directors_Guild_of_America_Award_Feature_Film" title="Template:Directors Guild of America Award Feature Film"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Directors_Guild_of_America_Award_Feature_Film" title="Template talk:Directors Guild of America Award Feature Film"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Directors_Guild_of_America_Award_Feature_Film" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Directors Guild of America Award Feature Film"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Directors_Guild_of_America_Award_for_Outstanding_Directing_–_Feature_Film115" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Directors_Guild_of_America_Award_for_Outstanding_Directing_%E2%80%93_Feature_Film" title="Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Feature Film">Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Feature Film</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #ABCDEF;width:1%">1948–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Rossen" title="Robert Rossen">Robert Rossen</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Stevens" title="George Stevens">George Stevens</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delbert_Mann" title="Delbert Mann">Delbert Mann</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Stevens" title="George Stevens">George Stevens</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincente_Minnelli" title="Vincente Minnelli">Vincente Minnelli</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wyler" title="William Wyler">William Wyler</a> (1959)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Robbins" title="Jerome Robbins">Jerome Robbins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Wise" title="Robert Wise">Robert Wise</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Richardson" title="Tony Richardson">Tony Richardson</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Cukor" title="George Cukor">George Cukor</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wise" title="Robert Wise">Robert Wise</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Harvey" title="Anthony Harvey">Anthony Harvey</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Schlesinger" title="John Schlesinger">John Schlesinger</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_J._Schaffner" title="Franklin J. Schaffner">Franklin J. Schaffner</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Friedkin" title="William Friedkin">William Friedkin</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Roy_Hill" title="George Roy Hill">George Roy Hill</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #ABCDEF;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Avildsen" title="John G. Avildsen">John G. Avildsen</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cimino" title="Michael Cimino">Michael Cimino</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Benton" title="Robert Benton">Robert Benton</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Attenborough" title="Richard Attenborough">Richard Attenborough</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Bertolucci" title="Bernardo Bertolucci">Bernardo Bertolucci</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Levinson" title="Barry Levinson">Barry Levinson</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Costner" title="Kevin Costner">Kevin Costner</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Demme" title="Jonathan Demme">Jonathan Demme</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Zemeckis" title="Robert Zemeckis">Robert Zemeckis</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Howard" title="Ron Howard">Ron Howard</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Minghella" title="Anthony Minghella">Anthony Minghella</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mendes" title="Sam Mendes">Sam Mendes</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #ABCDEF;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Howard" title="Ron Howard">Ron Howard</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Marshall" title="Rob Marshall">Rob Marshall</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Boyle" title="Danny Boyle">Danny Boyle</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hooper" title="Tom Hooper">Tom Hooper</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Hazanavicius" title="Michel Hazanavicius">Michel Hazanavicius</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Affleck" title="Ben Affleck">Ben Affleck</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_I%C3%B1%C3%A1rritu" title="Alejandro González Iñárritu">Alejandro G. Iñárritu</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_I%C3%B1%C3%A1rritu" title="Alejandro González Iñárritu">Alejandro G. Iñárritu</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damien_Chazelle" title="Damien Chazelle">Damien Chazelle</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillermo_del_Toro" title="Guillermo del Toro">Guillermo del Toro</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mendes" title="Sam Mendes">Sam Mendes</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniels_(directors)" title="Daniels (directors)">Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Baker_(filmmaker)" title="Sean Baker (filmmaker)">Sean Baker</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Directors_Guild_of_America_Lifetime_Achievement_Award_–_Feature_Film74" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #ABCDEF"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:DirectorsGuildofAmericaAwardLifetimeFilm" title="Template:DirectorsGuildofAmericaAwardLifetimeFilm"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:DirectorsGuildofAmericaAwardLifetimeFilm" title="Template talk:DirectorsGuildofAmericaAwardLifetimeFilm"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:DirectorsGuildofAmericaAwardLifetimeFilm" title="Special:EditPage/Template:DirectorsGuildofAmericaAwardLifetimeFilm"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Directors_Guild_of_America_Lifetime_Achievement_Award_–_Feature_Film74" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Directors_Guild_of_America_Lifetime_Achievement_Award_%E2%80%93_Feature_Film" title="Directors Guild of America Lifetime Achievement Award – Feature Film">Directors Guild of America Lifetime Achievement Award – Feature Film</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_B._DeMille" title="Cecil B. DeMille">Cecil B. DeMille</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_King_(director)" title="Henry King (director)">Henry King</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Vidor" title="King Vidor">King Vidor</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Capra" title="Frank Capra">Frank Capra</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Stevens" title="George Stevens">George Stevens</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Borzage" title="Frank Borzage">Frank Borzage</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wyler" title="William Wyler">William Wyler</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_A._Wellman" title="William A. Wellman">William A. Wellman</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Cukor" title="George Cukor">George Cukor</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouben_Mamoulian" title="Rouben Mamoulian">Rouben Mamoulian</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> (1983)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wise" title="Robert Wise">Robert Wise</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lumet" title="Sidney Lumet">Sidney Lumet</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ivory" title="James Ivory">James Ivory</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Jewison" title="Norman Jewison">Norman Jewison</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridley_Scott" title="Ridley Scott">Ridley Scott</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="European_Film_Academy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award252" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#003399; color:#FFCC00;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_Film_Academy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Template:European Film Academy Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#FFCC00">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_Film_Academy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Template talk:European Film Academy Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#FFCC00">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_Film_Academy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European Film Academy Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#FFCC00">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="European_Film_Academy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award252" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/European_Film_Academy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="European Film Academy Lifetime Achievement Award"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFCC00">European Film Academy Lifetime Achievement Award</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Marcello_Mastroianni" title="Marcello Mastroianni">Marcello Mastroianni</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Trauner" title="Alexandre Trauner">Alexandre Trauner</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Michelangelo Antonioni</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bresson" title="Robert Bresson">Robert Bresson</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Carn%C3%A9" title="Marcel Carné">Marcel Carné</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone">Ennio Morricone</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Harris" title="Richard Harris">Richard Harris</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Monty_Python" title="Monty Python">Monty Python</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Tonino_Guerra" title="Tonino Guerra">Tonino Guerra</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Claude_Chabrol" title="Claude Chabrol">Claude Chabrol</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Saura" title="Carlos Saura">Carlos Saura</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Sean_Connery" title="Sean Connery">Sean Connery</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Godard" title="Jean-Luc Godard">Jean-Luc Godard</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Judi_Dench" title="Judi Dench">Judi Dench</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ken_Loach" title="Ken Loach">Ken Loach</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Ganz" title="Bruno Ganz">Bruno Ganz</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Frears" title="Stephen Frears">Stephen Frears</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Bertolucci" title="Bernardo Bertolucci">Bernardo Bertolucci</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Deneuve" title="Catherine Deneuve">Catherine Deneuve</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Agn%C3%A8s_Varda" title="Agnès Varda">Agnès Varda</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Rampling" title="Charlotte Rampling">Charlotte Rampling</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Carri%C3%A8re" title="Jean-Claude Carrière">Jean-Claude Carrière</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Sokurov" title="Alexander Sokurov">Alexander Sokurov</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carmen_Maura" title="Carmen Maura">Carmen Maura</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Werner_Herzog" title="Werner Herzog">Werner Herzog</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1rta_M%C3%A9sz%C3%A1ros" title="Márta Mészáros">Márta Mészáros</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Margarethe_von_Trotta" title="Margarethe von Trotta">Margarethe von Trotta</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Redgrave" title="Vanessa Redgrave">Vanessa Redgrave</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wim_Wenders" title="Wim Wenders">Wim Wenders</a> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#003399; color:#FFCC00;;width:1%">Award of Merit (Special Achievement Award)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Attenborough" title="Richard Attenborough">Richard Attenborough</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Irons" title="Jeremy Irons">Jeremy Irons</a> (1998)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#003399; color:#FFCC00;;width:1%">Honorary Award</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Manoel_de_Oliveira" title="Manoel de Oliveira">Manoel de Oliveira</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michel_Piccoli" title="Michel Piccoli">Michel Piccoli</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Caine" title="Michael Caine">Michael Caine</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Costa-Gavras" title="Costa-Gavras">Costa-Gavras</a> (2018)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Film_Society_of_Lincoln_Center_Gala_Tribute_Honorees88" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #EEDD82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lincoln_Center_Gala_Tribute" title="Template:Lincoln Center Gala Tribute"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lincoln_Center_Gala_Tribute" title="Template talk:Lincoln Center Gala Tribute"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lincoln_Center_Gala_Tribute" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lincoln Center Gala Tribute"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Film_Society_of_Lincoln_Center_Gala_Tribute_Honorees88" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Film_Society_of_Lincoln_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Film Society of Lincoln Center"> Film Society of Lincoln Center Gala Tribute Honorees</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Astaire" title="Fred Astaire">Fred Astaire</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joanne_Woodward" title="Joanne Woodward">Joanne Woodward</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Cukor" title="George Cukor">George Cukor</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Stanwyck" title="Barbara Stanwyck">Barbara Stanwyck</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Claudette_Colbert" title="Claudette Colbert">Claudette Colbert</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor" title="Elizabeth Taylor">Elizabeth Taylor</a> (1986) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yves_Montand" title="Yves Montand">Yves Montand</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bette_Davis" title="Bette Davis">Bette Davis</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn" title="Audrey Hepburn">Audrey Hepburn</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lemmon" title="Jack Lemmon">Jack Lemmon</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shirley_MacLaine" title="Shirley MacLaine">Shirley MacLaine</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Connery" title="Sean Connery">Sean Connery</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Susan_Sarandon" title="Susan Sarandon">Susan Sarandon</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Caine" title="Michael Caine">Michael Caine</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a> (2005) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Lange" title="Jessica Lange">Jessica Lange</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Diane_Keaton" title="Diane Keaton">Diane Keaton</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Meryl_Streep" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hanks" title="Tom Hanks">Tom Hanks</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Douglas" title="Michael Douglas">Michael Douglas</a> (2010) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Poitier" title="Sidney Poitier">Sidney Poitier</a> (2011) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Deneuve" title="Catherine Deneuve">Catherine Deneuve</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rob_Reiner" title="Rob Reiner">Rob Reiner</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Freeman" title="Morgan Freeman">Morgan Freeman</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Helen_Mirren" title="Helen Mirren">Helen Mirren</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cate_Blanchett" title="Cate Blanchett">Cate Blanchett</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Viola_Davis" title="Viola Davis">Viola Davis</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bridges" title="Jeff Bridges">Jeff Bridges</a> (2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a> (2025)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Director76" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #CFB53B"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:Golden Globe Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:Golden Globe Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Golden Globe Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Director76" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Director">Golden Globe Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #CFB53B;width:1%">1943–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_King_(director)" title="Henry King (director)">Henry King</a> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leo_McCarey" title="Leo McCarey">Leo McCarey</a> (1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Capra" title="Frank Capra">Frank Capra</a> (1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Rossen" title="Robert Rossen">Robert Rossen</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1950)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3_Benedek" title="László Benedek">László Benedek</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cecil_B._DeMille" title="Cecil B. DeMille">Cecil B. DeMille</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Logan" title="Joshua Logan">Joshua Logan</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vincente_Minnelli" title="Vincente Minnelli">Vincente Minnelli</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Wyler" title="William Wyler">William Wyler</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Cardiff" title="Jack Cardiff">Jack Cardiff</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kramer" title="Stanley Kramer">Stanley Kramer</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Cukor" title="George Cukor">George Cukor</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Jarrott" title="Charles Jarrott">Charles Jarrott</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Hiller" title="Arthur Hiller">Arthur Hiller</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Friedkin" title="William Friedkin">William Friedkin</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Friedkin" title="William Friedkin">William Friedkin</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #CFB53B;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lumet" title="Sidney Lumet">Sidney Lumet</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Ross" title="Herbert Ross">Herbert Ross</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cimino" title="Michael Cimino">Michael Cimino</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Attenborough" title="Richard Attenborough">Richard Attenborough</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Bertolucci" title="Bernardo Bertolucci">Bernardo Bertolucci</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Costner" title="Kevin Costner">Kevin Costner</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Zemeckis" title="Robert Zemeckis">Robert Zemeckis</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mel_Gibson" title="Mel Gibson">Mel Gibson</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mendes" title="Sam Mendes">Sam Mendes</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #CFB53B;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julian_Schnabel" title="Julian Schnabel">Julian Schnabel</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Danny_Boyle" title="Danny Boyle">Danny Boyle</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Affleck" title="Ben Affleck">Ben Affleck</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_I%C3%B1%C3%A1rritu" title="Alejandro González Iñárritu">Alejandro G. Iñárritu</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Damien_Chazelle" title="Damien Chazelle">Damien Chazelle</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Guillermo_del_Toro" title="Guillermo del Toro">Guillermo del Toro</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mendes" title="Sam Mendes">Sam Mendes</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brady_Corbet" title="Brady Corbet">Brady Corbet</a> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement65" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" title="Template:Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" title="Template talk:Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement65" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" title="Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement">Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1969–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Carn%C3%A9" title="Marcel Carné">Marcel Carné</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anatoli_Golovnya" title="Anatoli Golovnya">Anatoli Golovnya</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Blasetti" title="Alessandro Blasetti">Alessandro Blasetti</a> / <a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Capra" title="Frank Capra">Frank Capra</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Cukor" title="George Cukor">George Cukor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Godard" title="Jean-Luc Godard">Jean-Luc Godard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kluge" title="Alexander Kluge">Alexander Kluge</a> / <a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Powell" title="Michael Powell">Michael Powell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Satyajit_Ray" title="Satyajit Ray">Satyajit Ray</a> / <a href="/wiki/King_Vidor" title="King Vidor">King Vidor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Yutkevich" title="Sergei Yutkevich">Sergei Yutkevich</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cesare_Zavattini" title="Cesare Zavattini">Cesare Zavattini</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Michelangelo Antonioni</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_and_Vittorio_Taviani" title="Paolo and Vittorio Taviani">Paolo and Vittorio Taviani</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Comencini" title="Luigi Comencini">Luigi Comencini</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joris_Ivens" title="Joris Ivens">Joris Ivens</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bresson" title="Robert Bresson">Robert Bresson</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_Jancs%C3%B3" title="Miklós Jancsó">Miklós Jancsó</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marcello_Mastroianni" title="Marcello Mastroianni">Marcello Mastroianni</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Monicelli" title="Mario Monicelli">Mario Monicelli</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gian_Maria_Volont%C3%A9" title="Gian Maria Volonté">Gian Maria Volonté</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Villaggio" title="Paolo Villaggio">Paolo Villaggio</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Cardinale" title="Claudia Cardinale">Claudia Cardinale</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suso_Cecchi_d%27Amico" title="Suso Cecchi d'Amico">Suso Cecchi d'Amico</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ken_Loach" title="Ken Loach">Ken Loach</a> / <a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_De_Santis" title="Giuseppe De Santis">Giuseppe De Santis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Goffredo_Lombardo" title="Goffredo Lombardo">Goffredo Lombardo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone">Ennio Morricone</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alain_Resnais" title="Alain Resnais">Alain Resnais</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Sordi" title="Alberto Sordi">Alberto Sordi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Monica_Vitti" title="Monica Vitti">Monica Vitti</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Gassman" title="Vittorio Gassman">Vittorio Gassman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mich%C3%A8le_Morgan" title="Michèle Morgan">Michèle Morgan</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Depardieu" title="Gérard Depardieu">Gérard Depardieu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alida_Valli" title="Alida Valli">Alida Valli</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sophia_Loren" title="Sophia Loren">Sophia Loren</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Lewis" title="Jerry Lewis">Jerry Lewis</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_Rohmer" title="Éric Rohmer">Éric Rohmer</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dino_Risi" title="Dino Risi">Dino Risi</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dino_De_Laurentiis" title="Dino De Laurentiis">Dino De Laurentiis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Omar_Sharif" title="Omar Sharif">Omar Sharif</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manoel_de_Oliveira" title="Manoel de Oliveira">Manoel de Oliveira</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Donen" title="Stanley Donen">Stanley Donen</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayao_Miyazaki" title="Hayao Miyazaki">Hayao Miyazaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stefania_Sandrelli" title="Stefania Sandrelli">Stefania Sandrelli</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Burton" title="Tim Burton">Tim Burton</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermanno_Olmi" title="Ermanno Olmi">Ermanno Olmi</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lasseter" title="John Lasseter">John Lasseter</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Woo" title="John Woo">John Woo</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Bellocchio" title="Marco Bellocchio">Marco Bellocchio</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Rosi" title="Francesco Rosi">Francesco Rosi</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Friedkin" title="William Friedkin">William Friedkin</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelma_Schoonmaker" title="Thelma Schoonmaker">Thelma Schoonmaker</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Wiseman" title="Frederick Wiseman">Frederick Wiseman</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Tavernier" title="Bertrand Tavernier">Bertrand Tavernier</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Belmondo" title="Jean-Paul Belmondo">Jean-Paul Belmondo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Skolimowski" title="Jerzy Skolimowski">Jerzy Skolimowski</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg">David Cronenberg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Redgrave" title="Vanessa Redgrave">Vanessa Redgrave</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a> / <a href="/wiki/Julie_Andrews" title="Julie Andrews">Julie Andrews</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Hui" title="Ann Hui">Ann Hui</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tilda_Swinton" title="Tilda Swinton">Tilda Swinton</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Benigni" title="Roberto Benigni">Roberto Benigni</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jamie_Lee_Curtis" title="Jamie Lee Curtis">Jamie Lee Curtis</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Deneuve" title="Catherine Deneuve">Catherine Deneuve</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Schrader" title="Paul Schrader">Paul Schrader</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liliana_Cavani" title="Liliana Cavani">Liliana Cavani</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tony_Leung_Chiu-wai" title="Tony Leung Chiu-wai">Tony Leung Chiu-wai</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigourney_Weaver" title="Sigourney Weaver">Sigourney Weaver</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weir" title="Peter Weir">Peter Weir</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Honorary_Golden_Bear24" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Honorary_Golden_Bear" title="Template:Honorary Golden Bear"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Honorary_Golden_Bear" title="Template talk:Honorary Golden Bear"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Honorary_Golden_Bear" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Honorary Golden Bear"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Honorary_Golden_Bear24" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Honorary_Golden_Bear" title="Honorary Golden Bear">Honorary Golden Bear</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophia_Loren" title="Sophia Loren">Sophia Loren</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Delon" title="Alain Delon">Alain Delon</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jack_Lemmon" title="Jack Lemmon">Jack Lemmon</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Novak" title="Kim Novak">Kim Novak</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Deneuve" title="Catherine Deneuve">Catherine Deneuve</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_MacLaine" title="Shirley MacLaine">Shirley MacLaine</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirk_Douglas" title="Kirk Douglas">Kirk Douglas</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Cardinale" title="Claudia Cardinale">Claudia Cardinale</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anouk_Aim%C3%A9e" title="Anouk Aimée">Anouk Aimée</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Solanas" title="Fernando Solanas">Fernando Solanas</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Fern%C3%A1n_G%C3%B3mez" title="Fernando Fernán Gómez">Fernando Fernán Gómez</a> / <a href="/wiki/Im_Kwon-taek" title="Im Kwon-taek">Im Kwon-taek</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_McKellen" title="Ian McKellen">Ian McKellen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Penn" title="Arthur Penn">Arthur Penn</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Rosi" title="Francesco Rosi">Francesco Rosi</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jarre" title="Maurice Jarre">Maurice Jarre</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Kohlhaase" title="Wolfgang Kohlhaase">Wolfgang Kohlhaase</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hanna_Schygulla" title="Hanna Schygulla">Hanna Schygulla</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armin_Mueller-Stahl" title="Armin Mueller-Stahl">Armin Mueller-Stahl</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meryl_Streep" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Lanzmann" title="Claude Lanzmann">Claude Lanzmann</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Loach" title="Ken Loach">Ken Loach</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wim_Wenders" title="Wim Wenders">Wim Wenders</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Ballhaus" title="Michael Ballhaus">Michael Ballhaus</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milena_Canonero" title="Milena Canonero">Milena Canonero</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_Dafoe" title="Willem Dafoe">Willem Dafoe</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Rampling" title="Charlotte Rampling">Charlotte Rampling</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Mirren" title="Helen Mirren">Helen Mirren</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Huppert" title="Isabelle Huppert">Isabelle Huppert</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilda_Swinton" title="Tilda Swinton">Tilda Swinton</a> (2025)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Irving_G._Thalberg_Memorial_Award37" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #EEDD82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Thalberg_Award" title="Template:Thalberg Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Thalberg_Award" title="Template talk:Thalberg Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Thalberg_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Thalberg Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Irving_G._Thalberg_Memorial_Award37" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Irving_G._Thalberg_Memorial_Award" title="Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award">Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darryl_F._Zanuck" title="Darryl F. Zanuck">Darryl F. Zanuck</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_B._Wallis" title="Hal B. Wallis">Hal B. Wallis</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_O._Selznick" title="David O. Selznick">David O. Selznick</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Franklin_(director)" title="Sidney Franklin (director)">Sidney Franklin</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_B._Wallis" title="Hal B. Wallis">Hal B. Wallis</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darryl_F._Zanuck" title="Darryl F. Zanuck">Darryl F. Zanuck</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Goldwyn" title="Samuel Goldwyn">Samuel Goldwyn</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Wald" title="Jerry Wald">Jerry Wald</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darryl_F._Zanuck" title="Darryl F. Zanuck">Darryl F. Zanuck</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Freed" title="Arthur Freed">Arthur Freed</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_B._DeMille" title="Cecil B. DeMille">Cecil B. DeMille</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Stevens" title="George Stevens">George Stevens</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Adler" title="Buddy Adler">Buddy Adler</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_L._Warner" title="Jack L. Warner">Jack L. Warner</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kramer" title="Stanley Kramer">Stanley Kramer</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Spiegel" title="Sam Spiegel">Sam Spiegel</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wyler" title="William Wyler">William Wyler</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wise" title="Robert Wise">Robert Wise</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Weingarten" title="Lawrence Weingarten">Lawrence Weingarten</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mervyn_LeRoy" title="Mervyn LeRoy">Mervyn LeRoy</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandro_S._Berman" title="Pandro S. Berman">Pandro S. Berman</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Mirisch" title="Walter Mirisch">Walter Mirisch</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Stark" title="Ray Stark">Ray Stark</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_R._Broccoli" title="Albert R. Broccoli">Albert R. Broccoli</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1987)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Brown_(producer)" title="David Brown (producer)">David Brown</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_D._Zanuck" title="Richard D. Zanuck">Richard D. Zanuck</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saul_Zaentz" title="Saul Zaentz">Saul Zaentz</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Jewison" title="Norman Jewison">Norman Jewison</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dino_De_Laurentiis" title="Dino De Laurentiis">Dino De Laurentiis</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Calley" title="John Calley">John Calley</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Kennedy_(producer)" title="Kathleen Kennedy (producer)">Kathleen Kennedy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Marshall_(filmmaker)" title="Frank Marshall (filmmaker)">Frank Marshall</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Broccoli" title="Barbara Broccoli">Barbara Broccoli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_G._Wilson" title="Michael G. Wilson">Michael G. Wilson</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kennedy_Center_Honorees_(1990s)444" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1990s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1990s"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1990s" title="Template talk:Kennedy Center Honorees 1990s"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1990s" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1990s"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kennedy_Center_Honorees_(1990s)444" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Kennedy Center Honorees</a> (1990s)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Gillespie" title="Dizzy Gillespie">Dizzy Gillespie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharine_Hepburn" title="Katharine Hepburn">Katharine Hepburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ris%C3%AB_Stevens" title="Risë Stevens">Risë Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jule_Styne" title="Jule Styne">Jule Styne</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1991</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Acuff" title="Roy Acuff">Roy Acuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Comden" title="Betty Comden">Betty Comden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Green" title="Adolph Green">Adolph Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fayard_Nicholas" title="Fayard Nicholas">Fayard</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harold_Nicholas" title="Harold Nicholas">Harold Nicholas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Shaw_(conductor)" title="Robert Shaw (conductor)">Robert Shaw</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1992</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Hampton" title="Lionel Hampton">Lionel Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joanne_Woodward" title="Joanne Woodward">Joanne Woodward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginger_Rogers" title="Ginger Rogers">Ginger Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mstislav_Rostropovich" title="Mstislav Rostropovich">Mstislav Rostropovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Taylor_(choreographer)" title="Paul Taylor (choreographer)">Paul Taylor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1993</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Carson" title="Johnny Carson">Johnny Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Mitchell_(dancer)" title="Arthur Mitchell (dancer)">Arthur Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Solti" title="Georg Solti">Sir Georg Solti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sondheim" title="Stephen Sondheim">Stephen Sondheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Williams" title="Marion Williams">Marion Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1994</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kirk_Douglas" title="Kirk Douglas">Kirk Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aretha_Franklin" title="Aretha Franklin">Aretha Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morton_Gould" title="Morton Gould">Morton Gould</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Prince" title="Harold Prince">Harold Prince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Seeger" title="Pete Seeger">Pete Seeger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1995</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_d%27Amboise_(dancer)" title="Jacques d'Amboise (dancer)">Jacques d'Amboise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Horne" title="Marilyn Horne">Marilyn Horne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B.B._King" class="mw-redirect" title="B.B. King">B.B. King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Poitier" title="Sidney Poitier">Sidney Poitier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Simon" title="Neil Simon">Neil Simon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1996</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Albee" title="Edward Albee">Edward Albee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benny_Carter" title="Benny Carter">Benny Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Cash" title="Johnny Cash">Johnny Cash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lemmon" title="Jack Lemmon">Jack Lemmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Tallchief" title="Maria Tallchief">Maria Tallchief</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1997</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lauren_Bacall" title="Lauren Bacall">Lauren Bacall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlton_Heston" title="Charlton Heston">Charlton Heston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessye_Norman" title="Jessye Norman">Jessye Norman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Villella" title="Edward Villella">Edward Villella</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1998</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><s><a href="/wiki/Bill_Cosby" title="Bill Cosby">Bill Cosby</a></s></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Ebb" title="Fred Ebb">Fred Ebb</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Kander" title="John Kander">John Kander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Nelson" title="Willie Nelson">Willie Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Previn" title="André Previn">André Previn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Temple" title="Shirley Temple">Shirley Temple Black</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Borge" title="Victor Borge">Victor Borge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Connery" title="Sean Connery">Sean Connery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Jamison" title="Judith Jamison">Judith Jamison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Robards" title="Jason Robards">Jason Robards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevie_Wonder" title="Stevie Wonder">Stevie Wonder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Complete list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1970s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1970s">1970s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1980s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s">1980s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1990s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1990s">1990s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_2000s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 2000s">2000s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_2010s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 2010s">2010s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_2020s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 2020s">2020s</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Laurel_Award_for_Screenwriting_Achievement86" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #DCC09B"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Laurel_Award_for_Screenwriting_Achievement" title="Template:Laurel Award for Screenwriting Achievement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Laurel_Award_for_Screenwriting_Achievement" title="Template talk:Laurel Award for Screenwriting Achievement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Laurel_Award_for_Screenwriting_Achievement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Laurel Award for Screenwriting Achievement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Laurel_Award_for_Screenwriting_Achievement86" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Laurel_Award_for_Screenwriting_Achievement" title="Laurel Award for Screenwriting Achievement">Laurel Award for Screenwriting Achievement</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #DCC09B;width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sonya_Levien" title="Sonya Levien">Sonya Levien</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dudley_Nichols" title="Dudley Nichols">Dudley Nichols</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Riskin" title="Robert Riskin">Robert Riskin</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julius_J._Epstein" title="Julius J. Epstein">Julius Epstein</a> & <a href="/wiki/Philip_G._Epstein" title="Philip G. Epstein">Philip Epstein</a> and <a href="/wiki/Albert_Hackett" title="Albert Hackett">Albert Hackett</a> & <a href="/wiki/Frances_Goodrich" title="Frances Goodrich">Frances Goodrich</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Brackett" title="Charles Brackett">Charles Brackett</a> & <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Lee_Mahin" title="John Lee Mahin">John Lee Mahin</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nunnally_Johnson" title="Nunnally Johnson">Nunnally Johnson</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Norman_Krasna" title="Norman Krasna">Norman Krasna</a> (1959)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #DCC09B;width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Seaton" title="George Seaton">George Seaton</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Dunne_(writer)" title="Philip Dunne (writer)">Philip Dunne</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Buchman" title="Sidney Buchman">Sidney Buchman</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Isobel_Lennart" title="Isobel Lennart">Isobel Lennart</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Brooks" title="Richard Brooks">Richard Brooks</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Casey_Robinson" title="Casey Robinson">Casey Robinson</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Foreman" title="Carl Foreman">Carl Foreman</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dalton_Trumbo" title="Dalton Trumbo">Dalton Trumbo</a> (1969)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #DCC09B;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Poe" title="James Poe">James Poe</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lehman" title="Ernest Lehman">Ernest Lehman</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Rose_(screenwriter)" title="William Rose (screenwriter)">William Rose</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paddy_Chayefsky" title="Paddy Chayefsky">Paddy Chayefsky</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Preston_Sturges" title="Preston Sturges">Preston Sturges</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Wilson_(writer)" title="Michael Wilson (writer)">Michael Wilson</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samson_Raphaelson" title="Samson Raphaelson">Samson Raphaelson</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Anhalt" title="Edward Anhalt">Edward Anhalt</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Neil_Simon" title="Neil Simon">Neil Simon</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> & <a href="/wiki/I._A._L._Diamond" title="I. A. L. Diamond">I. A. L. Diamond</a> (1979)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #DCC09B;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Hecht" title="Ben Hecht">Ben Hecht</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Osborn" title="Paul Osborn">Paul Osborn</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lamar_Trotti" title="Lamar Trotti">Lamar Trotti</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Melville_Shavelson" title="Melville Shavelson">Melville Shavelson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Rose_(screenwriter)" title="Jack Rose (screenwriter)">Jack Rose</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norman_Panama" title="Norman Panama">Norman Panama</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Frank" title="Melvin Frank">Melvin Frank</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Goldman" title="William Goldman">William Goldman</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Waldo_Salt" title="Waldo Salt">Waldo Salt</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Irving_Ravetch" title="Irving Ravetch">Irving Ravetch</a> & <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Frank_Jr." title="Harriet Frank Jr.">Harriet Frank Jr.</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ring_Lardner_Jr." title="Ring Lardner Jr.">Ring Lardner Jr.</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Ogden_Stewart" title="Donald Ogden Stewart">Donald Ogden Stewart</a> (1989)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #DCC09B;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Sargent" title="Alvin Sargent">Alvin Sargent</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Pierson" title="Frank Pierson">Frank Pierson</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Horton_Foote" title="Horton Foote">Horton Foote</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Prawer_Jhabvala" title="Ruth Prawer Jhabvala">Ruth Prawer Jhabvala</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bennett_(screenwriter)" title="Charles Bennett (screenwriter)">Charles Bennett</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Taradash" title="Daniel Taradash">Daniel Taradash</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Towne" title="Robert Towne">Robert Towne</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bo_Goldman" title="Bo Goldman">Bo Goldman</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Schrader" title="Paul Schrader">Paul Schrader</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Carri%C3%A8re" title="Jean-Claude Carrière">Jean-Claude Carrière</a> (1999)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #DCC09B;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Betty_Comden" title="Betty Comden">Betty Comden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Green" title="Adolph Green">Adolph Green</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Blake_Edwards" title="Blake Edwards">Blake Edwards</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Michael_Hayes" title="John Michael Hayes">John Michael Hayes</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Mamet" title="David Mamet">David Mamet</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Kasdan" title="Lawrence Kasdan">Lawrence Kasdan</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Benton" title="Robert Benton">Robert Benton</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Budd_Schulberg" title="Budd Schulberg">Budd Schulberg</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barry_Levinson" title="Barry Levinson">Barry Levinson</a> (2009)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #DCC09B;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Zaillian" title="Steven Zaillian">Steven Zaillian</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Roth" title="Eric Roth">Eric Roth</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Stoppard" title="Tom Stoppard">Tom Stoppard</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Mazursky" title="Paul Mazursky">Paul Mazursky</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Ramis" title="Harold Ramis">Harold Ramis</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elaine_May" title="Elaine May">Elaine May</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lowell_Ganz" title="Lowell Ganz">Lowell Ganz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Babaloo_Mandel" title="Babaloo Mandel">Babaloo Mandel</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Meyers" title="Nancy Meyers">Nancy Meyers</a> (2019)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #DCC09B;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">No Award (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kaufman" title="Charlie Kaufman">Charlie Kaufman</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Hill" title="Walter Hill">Walter Hill</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_(1990s)420" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_1990s" title="Template:National Medal of Arts recipients 1990s"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_1990s" title="Template talk:National Medal of Arts recipients 1990s"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_1990s" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Medal of Arts recipients 1990s"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_(1990s)420" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Medal_of_Arts" title="National Medal of Arts">National Medal of Arts recipients</a> (1990s)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Abbott" title="George Abbott">George Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hume_Cronyn" title="Hume Cronyn">Hume Cronyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Tandy" title="Jessica Tandy">Jessica Tandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merce_Cunningham" title="Merce Cunningham">Merce Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasper_Johns" title="Jasper Johns">Jasper Johns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Lawrence" title="Jacob Lawrence">Jacob Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B.B._King" class="mw-redirect" title="B.B. King">Riley "B.B." King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lloyd_Kreeger" title="David Lloyd Kreeger">David Lloyd Kreeger</a></li> <li>Harris & Carroll Sterling Masterson</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_McHarg" title="Ian McHarg">Ian McHarg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Sills" title="Beverly Sills">Beverly Sills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BellSouth" title="BellSouth">Southeastern Bell Corporation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1991</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Abravanel" title="Maurice Abravanel">Maurice Abravanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Acuff" title="Roy Acuff">Roy Acuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Belluschi" title="Pietro Belluschi">Pietro Belluschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Carter_Brown_III" class="mw-redirect" title="John Carter Brown III">John Carter Brown III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_%22Honi%22_Coles" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles "Honi" Coles">Charles "Honi" Coles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Crosby_(conductor)" title="John Crosby (conductor)">John Crosby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Diebenkorn" title="Richard Diebenkorn">Richard Diebenkorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Philip_Hanes" class="mw-redirect" title="R. Philip Hanes">R. Philip Hanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitty_Carlisle" title="Kitty Carlisle">Kitty Carlisle Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Primus" title="Pearl Primus">Pearl Primus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Stern" title="Isaac Stern">Isaac Stern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texaco" title="Texaco">Texaco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1992</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Horne" title="Marilyn Horne">Marilyn Horne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Houser" title="Allan Houser">Allan Houser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnie_Pearl" title="Minnie Pearl">Minnie Pearl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Saudek" title="Robert Saudek">Robert Saudek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Scruggs" title="Earl Scruggs">Earl Scruggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Shaw_(conductor)" title="Robert Shaw (conductor)">Robert Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Taylor" title="Billy Taylor">Billy Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Venturi" title="Robert Venturi">Robert Venturi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Denise_Scott_Brown" title="Denise Scott Brown">Denise Scott Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wise" title="Robert Wise">Robert Wise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AT%26T" title="AT&T">AT&T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lila_Acheson_Wallace" title="Lila Acheson Wallace">Lila Wallace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1993</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Annenberg" title="Walter Annenberg">Walter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leonore_Annenberg" title="Leonore Annenberg">Leonore Annenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cab_Calloway" title="Cab Calloway">Cabell "Cab" Calloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Charles" title="Ray Charles">Ray Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bess_Lomax_Hawes" title="Bess Lomax Hawes">Bess Lomax Hawes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kunitz" title="Stanley Kunitz">Stanley Kunitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Merrill" title="Robert Merrill">Robert Merrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Miller" title="Arthur Miller">Arthur Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Rauschenberg" title="Robert Rauschenberg">Robert Rauschenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Richards" title="Lloyd Richards">Lloyd Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Styron" title="William Styron">William Styron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Taylor_(choreographer)" title="Paul Taylor (choreographer)">Paul Taylor</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1994</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Belafonte" title="Harry Belafonte">Harry Belafonte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Brubeck" title="Dave Brubeck">Dave Brubeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celia_Cruz" title="Celia Cruz">Celia Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_DeLay" title="Dorothy DeLay">Dorothy DeLay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Harris" title="Julie Harris">Julie Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erick_Hawkins" title="Erick Hawkins">Erick Hawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly">Gene Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Seeger" title="Pete Seeger">Pete Seeger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Filene_Shouse" title="Catherine Filene Shouse">Catherine Filene Shouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Thiebaud" title="Wayne Thiebaud">Wayne Thiebaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wilbur" title="Richard Wilbur">Richard Wilbur</a></li> <li>Young Audiences</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1995</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Licia_Albanese" title="Licia Albanese">Licia Albanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwendolyn_Brooks" title="Gwendolyn Brooks">Gwendolyn Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Gerald_Cantor" title="B. Gerald Cantor">B. Gerald</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iris_Cantor" title="Iris Cantor">Iris Cantor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossie_Davis" title="Ossie Davis">Ossie Davis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ruby_Dee" title="Ruby Dee">Ruby Dee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Diamond_(composer)" title="David Diamond (composer)">David Diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ingo_Freed" title="James Ingo Freed">James Ingo Freed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Lichtenstein" title="Roy Lichtenstein">Roy Lichtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Mitchell_(dancer)" title="Arthur Mitchell (dancer)">Arthur Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Monroe" title="Bill Monroe">Bill Monroe</a></li> <li>Urban Gateways</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1996</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Albee" title="Edward Albee">Edward Albee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Caldwell" title="Sarah Caldwell">Sarah Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Callahan_(photographer)" title="Harry Callahan (photographer)">Harry Callahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zelda_Fichandler" title="Zelda Fichandler">Zelda Fichandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalo_Guerrero" title="Lalo Guerrero">Eduardo "Lalo" Guerrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Hampton" title="Lionel Hampton">Lionel Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bella_Lewitzky" title="Bella Lewitzky">Bella Lewitzky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vera_List" class="mw-redirect" title="Vera List">Vera List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Sendak" title="Maurice Sendak">Maurice Sendak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sondheim" title="Stephen Sondheim">Stephen Sondheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boys_Choir_of_Harlem" title="Boys Choir of Harlem">Boys Choir of Harlem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1997</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Bourgeois" title="Louise Bourgeois">Louise Bourgeois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Carter" title="Betty Carter">Betty Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Gund" title="Agnes Gund">Agnes Gund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Kiley" title="Dan Kiley">Daniel Urban Kiley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Lansbury" title="Angela Lansbury">Angela Lansbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Levine" title="James Levine">James Levine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tito_Puente" title="Tito Puente">Tito Puente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Robards" title="Jason Robards">Jason Robards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Villella" title="Edward Villella">Edward Villella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doc_Watson" title="Doc Watson">Doc Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacDowell_Colony" class="mw-redirect" title="MacDowell Colony">MacDowell Colony</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1998</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_d%27Amboise_(dancer)" title="Jacques d'Amboise (dancer)">Jacques d'Amboise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fats_Domino" title="Fats Domino">Antoine "Fats" Domino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramblin%27_Jack_Elliott" title="Ramblin' Jack Elliott">Ramblin' Jack Elliott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gehry" title="Frank Gehry">Frank Gehry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Handman" title="Barbara Handman">Barbara Handman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Martin" title="Agnes Martin">Agnes Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberta_Peters" title="Roberta Peters">Roberta Peters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Roth" title="Philip Roth">Philip Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Lee_Corporation" title="Sara Lee Corporation">Sara Lee Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steppenwolf_Theatre_Company" title="Steppenwolf Theatre Company">Steppenwolf Theatre Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwen_Verdon" title="Gwen Verdon">Gwen Verdon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Diamond" title="Irene Diamond">Irene Diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aretha_Franklin" title="Aretha Franklin">Aretha Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Graves" title="Michael Graves">Michael Graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odetta" title="Odetta">Odetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juilliard_School" title="Juilliard School">Juilliard School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Lear" title="Norman Lear">Norman Lear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosetta_LeNoire" title="Rosetta LeNoire">Rosetta LeNoire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Lichtenstein" title="Harvey Lichtenstein">Harvey Lichtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydia_Mendoza" title="Lydia Mendoza">Lydia Mendoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Segal_(artist)" title="George Segal (artist)">George Segal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Tallchief" title="Maria Tallchief">Maria Tallchief</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_recipients_of_the_National_Medal_of_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="List of recipients of the National Medal of Arts">Complete list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_1980s" title="Template:National Medal of Arts recipients 1980s">1980s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_1990s" title="Template:National Medal of Arts recipients 1990s">1990s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_2000s" title="Template:National Medal of Arts recipients 2000s">2000s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Medal_of_Arts_recipients_2010s" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:National Medal of Arts recipients 2010s">2010s</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Director103" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Director103" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Director" title="New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Director">New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1935–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1935)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rouben_Mamoulian" title="Rouben Mamoulian">Rouben Mamoulian</a> (1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gregory_La_Cava" title="Gregory La Cava">Gregory La Cava</a> (1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> (1938)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1939)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1940)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1941)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Farrow" title="John Farrow">John Farrow</a> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Stevens" title="George Stevens">George Stevens</a> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leo_McCarey" title="Leo McCarey">Leo McCarey</a> (1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Wyler" title="William Wyler">William Wyler</a> (1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carol_Reed" title="Carol Reed">Carol Reed</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1950)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kramer" title="Stanley Kramer">Stanley Kramer</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Cardiff" title="Jack Cardiff">Jack Cardiff</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Rossen" title="Robert Rossen">Robert Rossen</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Richardson" title="Tony Richardson">Tony Richardson</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Schlesinger" title="John Schlesinger">John Schlesinger</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Costa-Gavras" title="Costa-Gavras">Costa-Gavras</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Rafelson" title="Bob Rafelson">Bob Rafelson</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut" title="François Truffaut">François Truffaut</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_J._Pakula" title="Alan J. Pakula">Alan J. Pakula</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Demme" title="Jonathan Demme">Jonathan Demme</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lumet" title="Sidney Lumet">Sidney Lumet</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Pollack" title="Sydney Pollack">Sydney Pollack</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Menges" title="Chris Menges">Chris Menges</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Mazursky" title="Paul Mazursky">Paul Mazursky</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Demme" title="Jonathan Demme">Jonathan Demme</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lars_von_Trier" title="Lars von Trier">Lars von Trier</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Soderbergh" title="Steven Soderbergh">Steven Soderbergh</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Todd_Haynes" title="Todd Haynes">Todd Haynes</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sofia_Coppola" title="Sofia Coppola">Sofia Coppola</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michel_Hazanavicius" title="Michel Hazanavicius">Michel Hazanavicius</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steve_McQueen_(director)" title="Steve McQueen (director)">Steve McQueen</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Todd_Haynes" title="Todd Haynes">Todd Haynes</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barry_Jenkins" title="Barry Jenkins">Barry Jenkins</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Baker_(filmmaker)" title="Sean Baker (filmmaker)">Sean Baker</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Safdie_brothers" title="Safdie brothers">Joshua Safdie and Benjamin Safdie</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/S._S._Rajamouli" title="S. S. Rajamouli">S. S. Rajamouli</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/RaMell_Ross" title="RaMell Ross">RaMell Ross</a> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Screenplay94" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Template:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Template talk:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Screenplay94" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Screenplay">New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Screenplay</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1956–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Poe" title="James Poe">James Poe</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Farrow" title="John Farrow">John Farrow</a> and <a href="/wiki/S._J._Perelman" title="S. J. Perelman">S. J. Perelman</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nedrick_Young" title="Nedrick Young">Nedrick Young</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harold_Jacob_Smith" title="Harold Jacob Smith">Harold Jacob Smith</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Mayes" title="Wendell Mayes">Wendell Mayes</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/I._A._L._Diamond" title="I. A. L. Diamond">I. A. L. Diamond</a> and <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Wilder</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Abby_Mann" title="Abby Mann">Abby Mann</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Irving_Ravetch" title="Irving Ravetch">Irving Ravetch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Frank_Jr." title="Harriet Frank Jr.">Harriet Frank Jr.</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bolt" title="Robert Bolt">Robert Bolt</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Newman_(screenwriter)" title="David Newman (screenwriter)">David Newman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Benton" title="Robert Benton">Robert Benton</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Semple_Jr." title="Lorenzo Semple Jr.">Lorenzo Semple Jr.</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Mazursky" title="Paul Mazursky">Paul Mazursky</a> and <a href="/wiki/Larry_Tucker_(screenwriter)" title="Larry Tucker (screenwriter)">Larry Tucker</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_Rohmer" title="Éric Rohmer">Éric Rohmer</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Larry_McMurtry" title="Larry McMurtry">Larry McMurtry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peter_Bogdanovich" title="Peter Bogdanovich">Peter Bogdanovich</a> / <a href="/wiki/Penelope_Gilliatt" title="Penelope Gilliatt">Penelope Gilliatt</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Katz" title="Gloria Katz">Gloria Katz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Willard_Huyck" title="Willard Huyck">Willard Huyck</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut" title="François Truffaut">François Truffaut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Schiffman" title="Suzanne Schiffman">Suzanne Schiffman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jean_Gruault" title="Jean Gruault">Jean Gruault</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paddy_Chayefsky" title="Paddy Chayefsky">Paddy Chayefsky</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Brickman" title="Marshall Brickman">Marshall Brickman</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Mazursky" title="Paul Mazursky">Paul Mazursky</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steve_Tesich" title="Steve Tesich">Steve Tesich</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bo_Goldman" title="Bo Goldman">Bo Goldman</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Guare" title="John Guare">John Guare</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Gelbart" title="Larry Gelbart">Larry Gelbart</a> and <a href="/wiki/Murray_Schisgal" title="Murray Schisgal">Murray Schisgal</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Forsyth" title="Bill Forsyth">Bill Forsyth</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Benton" title="Robert Benton">Robert Benton</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hanif_Kureishi" title="Hanif Kureishi">Hanif Kureishi</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Shelton" title="Ron Shelton">Ron Shelton</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gus_Van_Sant" title="Gus Van Sant">Gus Van Sant</a> and Daniel Yost (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Prawer_Jhabvala" title="Ruth Prawer Jhabvala">Ruth Prawer Jhabvala</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg">David Cronenberg</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Neil_Jordan" title="Neil Jordan">Neil Jordan</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roger_Avary" title="Roger Avary">Roger Avary</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emma_Thompson" title="Emma Thompson">Emma Thompson</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Brooks" title="Albert Brooks">Albert Brooks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monica_Johnson" title="Monica Johnson">Monica Johnson</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brian_Helgeland" title="Brian Helgeland">Brian Helgeland</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marc_Norman" title="Marc Norman">Marc Norman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tom_Stoppard" title="Tom Stoppard">Tom Stoppard</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Taylor_(writer)" title="Jim Taylor (writer)">Jim Taylor</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Lonergan" title="Kenneth Lonergan">Kenneth Lonergan</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julian_Fellowes" title="Julian Fellowes">Julian Fellowes</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kaufman" title="Charlie Kaufman">Charlie and Donald Kaufman</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Craig_Lucas" title="Craig Lucas">Craig Lucas</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Taylor_(writer)" title="Jim Taylor (writer)">Jim Taylor</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Noah_Baumbach" title="Noah Baumbach">Noah Baumbach</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Morgan" title="Peter Morgan">Peter Morgan</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jenny_Lumet" title="Jenny Lumet">Jenny Lumet</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Armstrong" title="Jesse Armstrong">Jesse Armstrong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simon_Blackwell" title="Simon Blackwell">Simon Blackwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armando_Iannucci" title="Armando Iannucci">Armando Iannucci</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tony_Roche_(writer)" title="Tony Roche (writer)">Tony Roche</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Blumberg" title="Stuart Blumberg">Stuart Blumberg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Cholodenko" title="Lisa Cholodenko">Lisa Cholodenko</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Zaillian" title="Steven Zaillian">Steven Zaillian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Sorkin" title="Aaron Sorkin">Aaron Sorkin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stan_Chervin" title="Stan Chervin">Stan Chervin</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Kushner" title="Tony Kushner">Tony Kushner</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Warren_Singer" title="Eric Warren Singer">Eric Warren Singer</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_O._Russell" title="David O. Russell">David O. Russell</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wes_Anderson" title="Wes Anderson">Wes Anderson</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Nagy" title="Phyllis Nagy">Phyllis Nagy</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Lonergan" title="Kenneth Lonergan">Kenneth Lonergan</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Schrader" title="Paul Schrader">Paul Schrader</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eliza_Hittman" title="Eliza Hittman">Eliza Hittman</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_McDonagh" title="Martin McDonagh">Martin McDonagh</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samy_Burch" title="Samy Burch">Samy Burch</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Baker_(filmmaker)" title="Sean Baker (filmmaker)">Sean Baker</a> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51547#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3330" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51547#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3330" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51547#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000122842100">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/112274535">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/47437/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJpV7qPDrPH3Fvkj4BKw4q">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118632795">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79145593">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12174555p">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12174555p">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00621646">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35607780">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0005680&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX859843">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/241176">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070754039">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90639253">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000238350&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=296079">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201104844">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/31fhk0qm57xf738">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810629174805606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007269692005171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058519971406706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA06175652?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5bcf5eb8-4637-4d39-b3ef-cf491aa28b29">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.performing-arts.eu/discovery/agent/gnd_118632795">FID</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bmlo.de/w1835">BMLO</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1013150">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/118632795.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118632795">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/030300975">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w637799k">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&oldid=1276328773">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Billy_Wilder&oldid=1276328773</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1906_births" title="Category:1906 births">1906 births</a></li><li><a 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