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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Katharina von Zimmern</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Fraum%C3%BCnster_-_Kreuzgang_-_Katharina_von_Zimmern_2010-08-28_19-10-06_ShiftN.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Fraum%C3%BCnster_-_Kreuzgang_-_Katharina_von_Zimmern_2010-08-28_19-10-06_ShiftN.jpg/220px-Fraum%C3%BCnster_-_Kreuzgang_-_Katharina_von_Zimmern_2010-08-28_19-10-06_ShiftN.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Fraum%C3%BCnster_-_Kreuzgang_-_Katharina_von_Zimmern_2010-08-28_19-10-06_ShiftN.jpg/330px-Fraum%C3%BCnster_-_Kreuzgang_-_Katharina_von_Zimmern_2010-08-28_19-10-06_ShiftN.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Fraum%C3%BCnster_-_Kreuzgang_-_Katharina_von_Zimmern_2010-08-28_19-10-06_ShiftN.jpg/440px-Fraum%C3%BCnster_-_Kreuzgang_-_Katharina_von_Zimmern_2010-08-28_19-10-06_ShiftN.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4141" data-file-height="2761" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Katharina von Zimmern memorial, Fraumünster cloister</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1478</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Me%C3%9Fkirch" title="Meßkirch">Meßkirch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">17 August 1547<span style="display:none">(1547-08-17)</span> (aged 68–69)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Neumarkt,_Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Neumarkt, Zürich">Neumarkt, Zürich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Swiss Confederacy</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Monuments</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Katharina von Zimmern Memorial</li><li>Katharinenweg</li><li>Neumarkt 13</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Imperial abbess of Zürich</li><li>Katharina von Reischach</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fraum%C3%BCnster_Abbey" class="mw-redirect" title="Fraumünster Abbey">Fraumünster Abbey</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbess" title="Abbess">Abbess</a></li><li>mistress of the city republic of Zürich</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1496–1524</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Last abbess of the Fraumünster Abbey</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Mohrenkopf_-_Neumarkt_13_2014-10-29_11-16-36_(P7800).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Mohrenkopf_-_Neumarkt_13_2014-10-29_11-16-36_%28P7800%29.JPG/170px-Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Mohrenkopf_-_Neumarkt_13_2014-10-29_11-16-36_%28P7800%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Mohrenkopf_-_Neumarkt_13_2014-10-29_11-16-36_%28P7800%29.JPG/255px-Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Mohrenkopf_-_Neumarkt_13_2014-10-29_11-16-36_%28P7800%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Mohrenkopf_-_Neumarkt_13_2014-10-29_11-16-36_%28P7800%29.JPG/340px-Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Mohrenkopf_-_Neumarkt_13_2014-10-29_11-16-36_%28P7800%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption><i>Mohrenkopf</i> house, <a href="/wiki/Neumarkt,_Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Neumarkt, Zürich">Neumarkt</a> 13</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Mohrenkopf_-_Neumarkt_13_2014-10-29_11-10-54_(P7800).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Mohrenkopf_-_Neumarkt_13_2014-10-29_11-10-54_%28P7800%29.JPG/170px-Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Mohrenkopf_-_Neumarkt_13_2014-10-29_11-10-54_%28P7800%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Mohrenkopf_-_Neumarkt_13_2014-10-29_11-10-54_%28P7800%29.JPG/255px-Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Mohrenkopf_-_Neumarkt_13_2014-10-29_11-10-54_%28P7800%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Mohrenkopf_-_Neumarkt_13_2014-10-29_11-10-54_%28P7800%29.JPG/340px-Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Mohrenkopf_-_Neumarkt_13_2014-10-29_11-10-54_%28P7800%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Plaque honoured by the <a href="/wiki/Gesellschaft_zu_Fraum%C3%BCnster" title="Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster">Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster</a> in 2000</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Bracken_-_Oberdorfstrasse_17_2014-10-29_11-45-29_(P7800).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Bracken_-_Oberdorfstrasse_17_2014-10-29_11-45-29_%28P7800%29.JPG/170px-Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Bracken_-_Oberdorfstrasse_17_2014-10-29_11-45-29_%28P7800%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Bracken_-_Oberdorfstrasse_17_2014-10-29_11-45-29_%28P7800%29.JPG/255px-Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Bracken_-_Oberdorfstrasse_17_2014-10-29_11-45-29_%28P7800%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Bracken_-_Oberdorfstrasse_17_2014-10-29_11-45-29_%28P7800%29.JPG/340px-Katharina_von_Zimmern_-_Haus_zum_Bracken_-_Oberdorfstrasse_17_2014-10-29_11-45-29_%28P7800%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption><i>Bracken</i> building, Oberdorfstrasse 17</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fraum%C3%BCnster_-_Grossm%C3%BCnster_2014-10-29_11-51-06_(P7800).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Fraum%C3%BCnster_-_Grossm%C3%BCnster_2014-10-29_11-51-06_%28P7800%29.JPG/170px-Fraum%C3%BCnster_-_Grossm%C3%BCnster_2014-10-29_11-51-06_%28P7800%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Fraum%C3%BCnster_-_Grossm%C3%BCnster_2014-10-29_11-51-06_%28P7800%29.JPG/255px-Fraum%C3%BCnster_-_Grossm%C3%BCnster_2014-10-29_11-51-06_%28P7800%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Fraum%C3%BCnster_-_Grossm%C3%BCnster_2014-10-29_11-51-06_%28P7800%29.JPG/340px-Fraum%C3%BCnster_-_Grossm%C3%BCnster_2014-10-29_11-51-06_%28P7800%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Fraumünster</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Katharina von Zimmern</b> (1478 – 17 August 1547), also known as the imperial abbess of Zürich and Katharina von Reischach, was the last <a href="/wiki/Abbess" title="Abbess">abbess</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Fraum%C3%BCnster_Abbey" class="mw-redirect" title="Fraumünster Abbey">Fraumünster Abbey</a> in Zürich. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katharina_von_Zimmern&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Katharina von Zimmern was born in 1478 in <a href="/wiki/Me%C3%9Fkirch" title="Meßkirch">Messkirch</a> into the rich southern German noble family<sup id="cite_ref-katharina_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-katharina-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of baron Hans Werner <a href="/wiki/Von_Zimmern" title="Von Zimmern">von Zimmern</a> and countess Margarethe von Oettingen. Katharina was the fourth girl and had four further brothers and two sisters.<sup id="cite_ref-katharina_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-katharina-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her father loved hunting, played several musical instruments, and was in the service of the Duke <a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Sigismund, Archduke of Austria">Sigmund of Tyrol</a>. In 1488 he fell from the favour of Emperor <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> due to intrigues and was forced to flee with his family. Katharina survived an adventurous escape with her mother and some siblings to <a href="/wiki/Weesen_Abbey" title="Weesen Abbey">Weesen</a> on <a href="/wiki/Walensee" title="Walensee">Walensee</a> lakeshore. Probably there she met in 1490 the 6-year-old <a href="/wiki/Ulrich_Zwingli" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulrich Zwingli">Ulrich Zwingli</a>, who had been given to his uncle, the parish priest in charge. Kathrina's father tried to accommodate her and her older sister in the <a href="/wiki/Fraum%C3%BCnster_Abbey" class="mw-redirect" title="Fraumünster Abbey">Fraumünster Abbey</a> in Zürich, which was reserved for aristocratic women. Supported by <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_von_Bonstetten" title="Albrecht von Bonstetten">Albrecht von Bonstetten</a>, the dean of the <a href="/wiki/Einsiedeln_Abbey" title="Einsiedeln Abbey">Einsiedeln Abbey</a> allowed the two young women to enter the monastery life in 1491 and 1494 respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-katharina_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-katharina-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, morally questionable conditions prevailed in the abbey and the young girls were <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases">molested by priests</a>, so Katharina and her sister returned for a short time to their family's house.<sup id="cite_ref-katharina_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-katharina-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Abbess_of_the_Fraumünster_Abbey"><span id="Abbess_of_the_Fraum.C3.BCnster_Abbey"></span>Abbess of the Fraumünster Abbey</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katharina_von_Zimmern&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Abbess of the Fraumünster Abbey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1496, when Katharina was 18 years old, she was elected to be the abbess, and now the head of the large monastery's household. Being still a <a href="/wiki/Benedictine" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedictine">Benedictine</a> abbey, the noble women had a free life. Extensive lands with many subjects and people were entrusted to Katharina von Zimmern, supported by the management of an experienced staff, but the main responsibility laid with Katharina. She had all the rights to act, to buy and sell goods, as well the old prerogative of mercy in the city and the right to elect the mayor, even to grant pardons on death sentences. Katharina von Zimmern reorganized the finances of the abbey, tried to regain the old comprehensive right of coinage of the city, and was very active in construction and art.<sup id="cite_ref-katharina_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-katharina-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She led the construction of the abbey buildings, which existed until 1898, as well as the interior painting of the former Maria chappel in the Fraumünster cathedral, a church bell with humanistic inscriptions. She may also have been one of the patrons of <a href="/wiki/Hans_Leu_the_Elder" title="Hans Leu the Elder">Hans Leu the Elder</a>, according to a document of around 1500. Two of the beautiful, intricately decorated rooms known as <i>Hof der Äbtissin,</i> where the abbess kept audience, were installed in 1892 at the <a href="/wiki/Swiss_National_Museum" title="Swiss National Museum">Swiss National Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-stadtzürich_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stadtzürich-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During her 28-year tenure as abbess, Katharina was rarely called in the council records of the city, because her reign brought no complaints within the city of Zürich. Unlike her predecessors, she led the abbey successfully and with tact and discretion. In 1503 four young noble women entered the convent, so that their number was increased to seven. The abbey also included a school which was rebuilt under Katharina. Although the abbesses in the late Middle Ages largely had lost political influence, Katharina was still nominally the city mistress of Zürich and thus the first representative of the city, i.e. all official guests were first greeted by her.<sup id="cite_ref-katharina_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-katharina-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As <i>Reichsfürstin</i> (imperial princess) the abbess was in the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> part of a strictly limited group of about 100 people who were in the hierarchy directly below the <a href="/wiki/Kurf%C3%BCrst" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurfürst">Kurfürst</a>'s.<sup id="cite_ref-stadtzürich_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stadtzürich-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 1505 and 1508 she constructed a new wing in which she adorned the corridors and chambers with mottos and over one door the coats or arms of her parents were placed.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Living in transition times, Katharina von Zimmern allowed <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Myconius" title="Oswald Myconius">Oswald Myconius</a>, a close friend of Zwingli, to teach Latin to the women at the cathedral school . In January 1519 Ulrich Zwingli began at the <a href="/wiki/Grossm%C3%BCnster" title="Grossmünster">Grossmünster</a> church to put the Gospel into the center of the mass and to translate the Bible into the German language. Zwingli wrote about Katharina von Zimmern: "She belongs to the party of Christ and does not refuse any Support to me." In 1523, the <a href="/wiki/Reformation_in_Z%C3%BCrich" title="Reformation in Zürich">Reformation</a> events themselves came headlong into the city of Zürich. After disputations in the town hall, the churches were cleared and most of the sculptures of saints were stored in the <a href="/wiki/Wasserkirche" title="Wasserkirche">Wasserkirche</a>. In the adjacent <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominican</a> convent, the city council gave permission to close the monasteries. Most of the women left the Fraumünster Abbey, and the four remaining noble women of the convent went back to their families. Katharina remained with her assistant alone in the monastery and, without a monastic community in the midst of a reformed city, it was impossible to continue a monastery life corresponding to the Benedictine rules.<sup id="cite_ref-katharina_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-katharina-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 8 December 1524, on the feast of the <a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Conception" title="Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a>, Katharina von Zimmern passed the abbey into the possession of the <a href="/wiki/Reformation_in_Z%C3%BCrich" title="Reformation in Zürich">city of Zürich</a>. Two documents attest to this serious act: The waiver of 30 November and the transfer deed dated 8 December. The transfer deed, drawn up on parchment, with all assets and rights certified by Katharina von Zimmern, confirmed the transfer of the abbey to the city. Katharina assessed the political circumstances and current events properly, but stressed that they are free and self-determined, a conscience decision. A few days after the waiver, Zürich disbanded all other monasteries and took their goods. This became possible only after the abbess had agreed to the peaceful implementation of the Reformation in the city of Zurich.<sup id="cite_ref-katharina_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-katharina-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Late_years">Late years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katharina_von_Zimmern&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Late years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1524 Katharina von Zimmern was 46 years old, and her still Roman Catholic family had broken with her. She was included in the citizenship of the city of Zurich, retained the right of residence in the Abbey and received from the city a decent pension. But Katharina began again a new life: a few months after the surrender of the abbey, she married Eberhard von Reischach and gave birth, despite their advanced age, to two children, a daughter and a son who died early. Zwingli describes in a letter to Katharina Vadian the major concern to the family. Eberhard von Reischach was the member of an impoverished noble family from <a href="/wiki/Hegau" title="Hegau">Hegau</a>, was 15 years older than Katharina, and was in the service of the Duke of Württemberg. As a mercenary leader, he had fought in the <a href="/wiki/Swabian_War" title="Swabian War">Swabian War</a> in 1499 for Zürich and thus acquired the citizenship of the city in 1500. He was married with Verena Göldli with whom he had four children, and had to leave Zurich. Widowed and banished from Zurich, Reischach lived in <a href="/wiki/Schaffhausen" title="Schaffhausen">Schaffhausen</a>, Katharina moved with him, and two years later they moved to <a href="/wiki/Diessenhofen" title="Diessenhofen">Diessenhofen</a>. In 1529 the <a href="/wiki/Wars_of_Kappel" title="Wars of Kappel">Wars of Kappel</a> began, Reischach was reinstated in the service of the city, and the family moved back to Zürich. Eberhard fell in the battle of Kappel on 11 October 1531.<sup id="cite_ref-katharina_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-katharina-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1536, Katharina rescinded her right of residence in the Fraumünster in exchange for 520 pounds.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later she was mentioned as the owner of the <i>Bracken</i> house at Oberdorfstrasse in Zürich and in 1540 she sold the <i>Bracken</i> and bought the larger <i>Mohrenkopf</i> house at <a href="/wiki/Neumarkt,_Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Neumarkt, Zürich">Neumarkt</a> 13<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where she and her daughter found a new home. Together with Zwingli's wife <a href="/wiki/Anna_Zwingli" title="Anna Zwingli">Anna Reinhart</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-katharina_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-katharina-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Katharina von Zimmern was included in the <a href="/wiki/Constaffel" class="mw-redirect" title="Constaffel">Constaffel</a> society.<sup id="cite_ref-ta20141106_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ta20141106-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a document of the city council of Zürich, Katharina von Zimmern was mentioned as mediator related to a financial affair between the city of Luzern, <a href="/wiki/Aegeri" class="mw-redirect" title="Aegeri">Aegeri</a>, and the Fraumünster church on 31 July 1545.<sup id="cite_ref-staatsarchiv-katharinavonzimmern_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-staatsarchiv-katharinavonzimmern-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was still highly respected and was in the account books of the city listed as "Eptissin" (abbess). Her daughter Anna married Heinrich von Mandach, who owned the house next door at Neumarkt. On 17 August 1547, Katharina von Zimmern died at home. For a long time the date of death was not known, although it was listed in an attachment in the council book.<sup id="cite_ref-katharina_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-katharina-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It seems no location is listed in the official records where Katharina von Zimmern is buried. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reformation_in_Zürich_and_aftermath"><span id="Reformation_in_Z.C3.BCrich_and_aftermath"></span>Reformation in Zürich and aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katharina_von_Zimmern&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Reformation in Zürich and aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Reformation_in_Z%C3%BCrich" title="Reformation in Zürich">Reformation in Zürich</a></div> <p>Katharina von Zimmern allowed Zwingli to preach in Fraumünster every Friday when there was market day on the <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnsterhof" title="Münsterhof">Münsterhof</a> square. Thus, the farmers and traders gathered in front of the church from the surrounding villages in the Canton of Zürich. They attended services at the cathedral and so were familiar with the message of the Reformation. So Katharina contributed to the Reformation and she may have actively supported the Reformation process, while handing over the Abbey to the city to prevent bloodshed.<sup id="cite_ref-katharina_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-katharina-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She married one of Zwingli's followers, and as a widow she stayed in the city and actively participated in the newly formed Reformed Church of the canton of Zürich.<sup id="cite_ref-katharina_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-katharina-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gesellschaft_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gesellschaft-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Äbtissinenstube"><span id=".C3.84btissinenstube"></span>Äbtissinenstube</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katharina_von_Zimmern&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Äbtissinenstube"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As well as the interior decoration of the dormitory of the <a href="/wiki/Oetenbach_nunnery" title="Oetenbach nunnery">Oetenbach nunnery</a>, the so-called <i>Äbtissinnenstuben</i> of the Fraumünster abbey, the last residence of Katharina von Zimmern, thanks to their uninterrupted use and appreciation of the institutions established there, remained in use until a few years before the demolition of the monastic buildings occurred. The wood-carved <a href="/wiki/Wainscoting" class="mw-redirect" title="Wainscoting">wainscoting</a> were transferred to the Swiss National Museum in Zürich.<sup id="cite_ref-stadtverwaltung-klöster_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stadtverwaltung-klöster-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Katharina_von_Zimmern_memorial">Katharina von Zimmern memorial</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katharina_von_Zimmern&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Katharina von Zimmern memorial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> On 14 March 2004, the Katharina von Zimmern memorial was inaugurated at the former cloister of the Fraumünster Abbey. Anna-Maria Bauer, a sculptor from Zürich, created a sculpture that consists of 37 copper blocks that are layered into a compact square. The shape of the sculpture refers to the shape of an altar table or burial and shines in its simplicity as a symbol of timelessness.<sup id="cite_ref-nzz20012_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nzz20012-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the floor a banner was engraved: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Die Stadt vor Unruhe und Umgemach bewahren und tun, was Zürich lieb und dienlich ist.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In 1923 the <i>Katharinenweg</i> street in Zürich-<a href="/wiki/Enge_(Z%C3%BCrich)" class="mw-redirect" title="Enge (Zürich)">Enge</a> was named after Katharina von Zimmern.<sup id="cite_ref-gangdurzüri_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gangdurzüri-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2000 Katharina von Zimmern was honored by the <a href="/wiki/Gesellschaft_zu_Fraum%C3%BCnster" title="Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster">Fraumünster society</a>, and a plaque marks the house at Neumarkt 13 where she once lived.<sup id="cite_ref-gesellschaft_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gesellschaft-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fraumünster-Frauenehrungen_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fraumünster-Frauenehrungen-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fraumünster-awardlist_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fraumünster-awardlist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katharina_von_Zimmern&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gesellschaft_zu_Fraum%C3%BCnster" title="Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster">Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literature">Literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katharina_von_Zimmern&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Regine Abegg: <i>Spätgotische Stuben und Flachschnitzfriese aus dem Hof der Fraumünster-Äbtissin Katharina von Zimmern im Schweizerischen Landesmuseum</i>. Published by Verein Katharina von Zimmern, Zürich 2008.</li> <li>Peter Niederhäuser and <a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6lf_Wild" title="Dölf Wild">Dölf Wild</a>: <i>Das Fraumünster in Zürich. Von der Königsabtei zur Stadtkirche</i>. Mitteilungen der Antiquarischen Gesellschaft in Zürich, Vol 80. Chronos Verlag, Zürich 2012.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katharina_von_Zimmern&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-katharina-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-katharina_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-katharina_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-katharina_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-katharina_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-katharina_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-katharina_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-katharina_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-katharina_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-katharina_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-katharina_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-katharina_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-katharina_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-katharina_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160331123825/http://www.frauen-und-reformation.de/?s=bio&id=93">"Katharina von Zimmern"</a> (in German). frauen-und-reformation.de. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://frauen-und-reformation.de/?s=bio&id=93">the original</a> on 31 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Katharina+von+Zimmern&rft.pub=frauen-und-reformation.de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffrauen-und-reformation.de%2F%3Fs%3Dbio%26id%3D93&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatharina+von+Zimmern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stadtzürich-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-stadtzürich_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stadtzürich_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stadt-zuerich.ch/hbd/de/index/archaeologie_denkmalpflege_u_baugeschichte/stadtarchaeologie/fundstellen/fraumuensterquartier_2013/schraege-typen_starke-frauen.html#die_aebtissin_desfraumuensters">"Die Äbtissin des Fraumünsters"</a> (in German). Stadt Zürich<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Die+%C3%84btissin+des+Fraum%C3%BCnsters&rft.pub=Stadt+Z%C3%BCrich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stadt-zuerich.ch%2Fhbd%2Fde%2Findex%2Farchaeologie_denkmalpflege_u_baugeschichte%2Fstadtarchaeologie%2Ffundstellen%2Ffraumuensterquartier_2013%2Fschraege-typen_starke-frauen.html%23die_aebtissin_desfraumuensters&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatharina+von+Zimmern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christ - von Wedel, Christine (2019),p.130</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChrist_-_von_Wedel2019" class="citation book cs1">Christ - von Wedel, Christine (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tvz-verlag.ch/buch/die-aebtissin-der-soeldnerfuehrer-und-ihre-toechter-9783290182557.pdf"><i>Die Äbtissin, der Söldnerführer und ihre Töchter</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Theologischer Verlag Zürich. p. 228. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-290-18255-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-290-18255-7"><bdi>978-3-290-18255-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+%C3%84btissin%2C+der+S%C3%B6ldnerf%C3%BChrer+und+ihre+T%C3%B6chter&rft.pages=228&rft.pub=Theologischer+Verlag+Z%C3%BCrich&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-3-290-18255-7&rft.aulast=Christ+-+von+Wedel&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tvz-verlag.ch%2Fbuch%2Fdie-aebtissin-der-soeldnerfuehrer-und-ihre-toechter-9783290182557.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatharina+von+Zimmern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ta20141106-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ta20141106_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTina_Huber2014" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tina Huber (6 November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/zuerich/stadt/Manche-Witze-sind-unter-der-Guertellinie/story/11527852">"Manche Witze sind unter der Gürtellinie"</a> (in German). <a href="/wiki/Tages-Anzeiger" title="Tages-Anzeiger">Tages-Anzeiger</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Manche+Witze+sind+unter+der+G%C3%BCrtellinie&rft.pub=Tages-Anzeiger&rft.date=2014-11-06&rft.au=Tina+Huber&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tagesanzeiger.ch%2Fzuerich%2Fstadt%2FManche-Witze-sind-unter-der-Guertellinie%2Fstory%2F11527852&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatharina+von+Zimmern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-staatsarchiv-katharinavonzimmern-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-staatsarchiv-katharinavonzimmern_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://suche.staatsarchiv.djiktzh.ch/detail.aspx?ID=250764">"C I, Nr. 217 Bürgermeister Hab und beide Räte von Zürich überweisen das Begehren des Ammanns von Zug wegen Ablösung des von der Gemei... (1545.07.31)"</a> (in German). <a href="/wiki/Staatsarchiv_des_Kantons_Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Staatsarchiv des Kantons Zürich">Staatsarchiv des Kantons Zürich</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=C+I%2C+Nr.+217+B%C3%BCrgermeister+Hab+und+beide+R%C3%A4te+von+Z%C3%BCrich+%C3%BCberweisen+das+Begehren+des+Ammanns+von+Zug+wegen+Abl%C3%B6sung+des+von+der+Gemei...+%281545.07.31%29&rft.pub=Staatsarchiv+des+Kantons+Z%C3%BCrich&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsuche.staatsarchiv.djiktzh.ch%2Fdetail.aspx%3FID%3D250764&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatharina+von+Zimmern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gesellschaft-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gesellschaft_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gesellschaft_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fraumuenstergesellschaft.ch/#geschichte">"Geschichte"</a> (in German). <a href="/wiki/Gesellschaft_zu_Fraum%C3%BCnster" title="Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster">Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geschichte&rft.pub=Gesellschaft+zu+Fraum%C3%BCnster&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fraumuenstergesellschaft.ch%2F%23geschichte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatharina+von+Zimmern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stadtverwaltung-klöster-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-stadtverwaltung-klöster_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRegine_Abegg2009" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Regine Abegg (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stadt-zuerich.ch/content/dam/stzh/hbd/.../Kloester.pdf">"Von den mittelalterlichen Klöstern zur Stadtverwaltung: Fraumünsterabtei und Oetenbachkloster"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in German). Baugeschichtliches Archiv Zürich<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Von+den+mittelalterlichen+Kl%C3%B6stern+zur+Stadtverwaltung%3A+Fraum%C3%BCnsterabtei+und+Oetenbachkloster&rft.pub=Baugeschichtliches+Archiv+Z%C3%BCrich&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Regine+Abegg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stadt-zuerich.ch%2Fcontent%2Fdam%2Fstzh%2Fhbd%2F...%2FKloester.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatharina+von+Zimmern" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged April 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nzz20012-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nzz20012_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nzz.ch/aktuell/startseite/article86IN7-1.396801">"Zeitlos und vielschichtig: Ein Erinnerungsort für die letzte Fraumünster-Äbtissin"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Neue_Z%C3%BCrcher_Zeitung" title="Neue Zürcher Zeitung">Neue Zürcher Zeitung</a></i> (in German). 28 May 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neue+Z%C3%BCrcher+Zeitung&rft.atitle=Zeitlos+und+vielschichtig%3A+Ein+Erinnerungsort+f%C3%BCr+die+letzte+Fraum%C3%BCnster-%C3%84btissin&rft.date=2002-05-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzz.ch%2Faktuell%2Fstartseite%2Farticle86IN7-1.396801&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatharina+von+Zimmern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"To preserve the city of riots and misfortune, and to do what is nice and helpful to the city of Zürich". Words of Katharina von Zimmern on the occasion of the surrender of the Fraumünster Abbey to the city's magistrats.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gangdurzüri-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gangdurzüri_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alt-zueri.ch/turicum/strassen/k/katharinenweg/katharinenweg.htm">"Der Katharinenweg"</a> (in German). Gang dur Alt-Züri<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Der+Katharinenweg&rft.pub=Gang+dur+Alt-Z%C3%BCri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alt-zueri.ch%2Fturicum%2Fstrassen%2Fk%2Fkatharinenweg%2Fkatharinenweg.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatharina+von+Zimmern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fraumünster-Frauenehrungen-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fraumünster-Frauenehrungen_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fraumuenstergesellschaft.ch/#page387">"Frauenehrungen"</a> (in German). <a href="/wiki/Gesellschaft_zu_Fraum%C3%BCnster" title="Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster">Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Frauenehrungen&rft.pub=Gesellschaft+zu+Fraum%C3%BCnster&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fraumuenstergesellschaft.ch%2F%23page387&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatharina+von+Zimmern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fraumünster-awardlist-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fraumünster-awardlist_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150207162646/http://www.fraumuenstergesellschaft.ch/media/upload/aktivitaten/frauenehrung/frauenehrungen.pdf">"Frauenehrungen der Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in German). Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster. 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fraumuenstergesellschaft.ch/media/upload/aktivitaten/frauenehrung/frauenehrungen.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 7 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Frauenehrungen+der+Gesellschaft+zu+Fraum%C3%BCnster&rft.pub=Gesellschaft+zu+Fraum%C3%BCnster&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fraumuenstergesellschaft.ch%2Fmedia%2Fupload%2Faktivitaten%2Ffrauenehrung%2Ffrauenehrungen.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatharina+von+Zimmern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 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href="/wiki/Template:1500sProtestantwomen" title="Template:1500sProtestantwomen"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1500sProtestantwomen" title="Template talk:1500sProtestantwomen"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1500sProtestantwomen" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1500sProtestantwomen"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="16th-century_Protestant_women_in_the_Reformation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">16th-century Protestant <a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Protestant_Reformation" title="Women in the Protestant Reformation">women in the Reformation</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Theological writers and scholars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argula_von_Grumbach" title="Argula von Grumbach">Argula von Grumbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Bacon" title="Anne Bacon">Anne Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Locke" title="Anne Locke">Anne Locke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdalena_Heymair" title="Magdalena Heymair">Magdalena Heymair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Melville" title="Elizabeth Melville">Elizabeth Melville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharina_Zell" title="Katharina Zell">Katharina Zell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Vasa_of_Sweden" title="Catherine Vasa of Sweden">Catherine Vasa of Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Brandenburg,_Duchess_of_Brunswick-Calenberg-G%C3%B6ttingen" title="Elisabeth of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Calenberg-Göttingen">Elisabeth of Brandenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilia_Lanier" title="Emilia Lanier">Emilia Lanier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Cruciger" title="Elisabeth Cruciger">Elisabeth Cruciger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Tishem" title="Catherine Tishem">Catherine Tishem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Former nuns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katharina_von_Bora" title="Katharina von Bora">Katharina von Bora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursula_of_Munsterberg" title="Ursula of Munsterberg">Ursula of Munsterberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_of_Bourbon" title="Charlotte of Bourbon">Charlotte of Bourbon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Katharina von Zimmern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Denti%C3%A8re" title="Marie Dentière">Marie Dentière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecily_Bodenham" title="Cecily Bodenham">Cecily Bodenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birgitta_Botolfsdotter" title="Birgitta Botolfsdotter">Birgitta Botolfsdotter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Zouche" title="Elizabeth Zouche">Elizabeth Zouche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_II,_Abbess_of_Quedlinburg" title="Anna II, Abbess of Quedlinburg">Anna II, Abbess of Quedlinburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Reformation martyrs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Askew" title="Anne Askew">Anne Askew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_de_Boh%C3%B3rquez" title="María de Bohórquez">María de Bohórquez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Gooch_and_Alice_Driver" title="Alexander Gooch and Alice Driver">Alice Driver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Bocher" title="Joan Bocher">Joan Bocher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendelmoet_Claesdochter" title="Wendelmoet Claesdochter">Wendelmoet Claesdochter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anneke_Esaiasdochter" title="Anneke Esaiasdochter">Anneke Esaiasdochter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aefgen_Listincx" title="Aefgen Listincx">Aefgen Listincx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratford_Martyrs" title="Stratford Martyrs">Elizabeth Pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guernsey_Martyrs" title="Guernsey Martyrs">Guernsey Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Martyrs" title="Canterbury Martyrs">Alice Benden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_van_Beckum" title="Maria van Beckum">Maria van Beckum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursula_van_Beckum" title="Ursula van Beckum">Ursula van Beckum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marietje_Jan_de_Gortersdochter" title="Marietje Jan de Gortersdochter">Marietje Jan de Gortersdochter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weyn_Ockers" title="Weyn Ockers">Weyn Ockers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anneke_Ogiers" title="Anneke Ogiers">Anneke Ogiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Wandscherer" title="Elisabeth Wandscherer">Elisabeth Wandscherer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Waste" title="Joan Waste">Joan Waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katarzyna_Weiglowa" title="Katarzyna Weiglowa">Katarzyna Weiglowa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Benefactors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Boleyn" title="Anne Boleyn">Anne Boleyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Hesse,_Hereditary_Princess_of_Saxony" title="Elisabeth of Hesse, Hereditary Princess of Saxony">Elisabeth of Hesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_of_the_Palatinate,_Duchess_of_S%C3%B6dermanland" title="Maria of the Palatinate, Duchess of Södermanland">Anna Maria of the Palatinate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_d%27Albret" title="Jeanne d'Albret">Jeanne d'Albret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inger_Ottesdotter_R%C3%B8mer" title="Inger Ottesdotter Rømer">Inger Ottesdotter Rømer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Radziwi%C5%82%C5%82%C3%B3wna_Kiszczyna" title="Anna Radziwiłłówna Kiszczyna">Anna Radziwiłłówna Kiszczyna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9e_of_France" title="Renée of France">Renée of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_de_Navarre" title="Marguerite de Navarre">Marguerite de Navarre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Brandenburg,_Duchess_of_Brunswick-Calenberg-G%C3%B6ttingen" title="Elisabeth of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Calenberg-Göttingen">Elisabeth of Brandenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_von_Wertheim" title="Barbara von Wertheim">Barbara von Wertheim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Significant for another reason</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amalia_of_Cleves" title="Amalia of Cleves">Amalia of Cleves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Pehrs%C3%B6nernas_moder" title="Anna Pehrsönernas moder">Anna Pehrsönernas moder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catharina_Herman" title="Catharina Herman">Catharina Herman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Tishem" title="Catherine Tishem">Catherine Tishem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idelette_Calvin" title="Idelette Calvin">Idelette Calvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Lok" title="Rose Lok">Rose Lok</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases" title="Template:Catholic Church sexual abuse cases"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases" title="Template talk:Catholic Church sexual abuse cases"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic Church sexual abuse cases"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases">Catholic Church sexual abuse cases</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By context</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crimen_sollicitationis" title="Crimen sollicitationis">In confession</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases_by_country" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases by country">By country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_scandal_in_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse scandal in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_scandal_in_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse scandal in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases_in_Australia" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Belgium#Clerical_sex_abuse_scandal" title="Catholic Church in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases_in_Canada" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases_in_Chile" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases_in_El_Salvador" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases_in_Ireland" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases_in_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases_in_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases_in_New_Zealand" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sex_abuse_cases_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church sex abuse cases in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sex_abuse_cases_in_the_United_States" title="Catholic Church sex abuse cases in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases_in_Venezuela" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abuse_scandals_in_Catholic_orders" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual abuse scandals in Catholic orders">By religious<br />institute</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abuse_scandal_in_the_English_Benedictine_Congregation" title="Sexual abuse scandal in the English Benedictine Congregation">English Benedictine Congregation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brothers_Hospitallers_of_Saint_John_of_God#Sexual_abuse_scandals" title="Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God">Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abuse_scandal_in_the_Congregation_of_Christian_Brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual abuse scandal in the Congregation of Christian Brothers">Christian Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Controversies_surrounding_the_Legion_of_Christ" title="Controversies surrounding the Legion of Christ">Legion of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abuse_scandal_in_the_Salesian_order" title="Sexual abuse scandal in the Salesian order">Salesian order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abuse_scandal_in_the_Sisters_of_Mercy" title="Abuse scandal in the Sisters of Mercy">Sisters of Mercy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abuse_scandal_in_the_Society_of_Jesus" title="Sexual abuse scandal in the Society of Jesus">Society of Jesus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By clerical<br />rank</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cardinals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Hermann_Gro%C3%ABr" title="Hans Hermann Groër">Hans Hermann Groër</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Dziwisz" title="Stanisław Dziwisz">Stanisław Dziwisz</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Francis_Law" title="Bernard Francis Law">Bernard Francis Law</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Sodano" title="Angelo Sodano">Angelo Sodano</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_O%27Brien" title="Keith O'Brien">Keith O'Brien</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Egan" title="Edward Egan">Edward Egan</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_McCarrick" title="Theodore McCarrick">Theodore McCarrick</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Ezzati" title="Ricardo Ezzati">Ricardo Ezzati</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bishops</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Keith_Symons" title="Joseph Keith Symons">Joseph Keith Symons</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_O%27Connell" title="Anthony O'Connell">Anthony O'Connell</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliusz_Paetz" title="Juliusz Paetz">Juliusz Paetz</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_M%C3%BCller_(Catholic_bishop)" title="Georg Müller (Catholic bishop)">Georg Müller</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Lahey" title="Raymond Lahey">Raymond Lahey</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Weso%C5%82owski" title="Józef Wesołowski">Józef Wesołowski</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Antonio_%C3%93rdenes_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Marco Antonio Órdenes Fernández">Marco Órdenes Fernández</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Jos%C3%A9_Cox" title="Francisco José Cox">Francisco José Cox</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Duarte_Garc%C3%ADa_de_Cort%C3%A1zar" title="Gonzalo Duarte García de Cortázar">Gonzalo Duarte García de Cortázar</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristi%C3%A1n_Caro_Cordero" title="Cristián Caro Cordero">Cristián Caro Cordero</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Mulakkal" title="Franco Mulakkal">Franco Mulakkal</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Barros_Madrid" title="Juan Barros Madrid">Juan Barros Madrid</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Wilson_(bishop)" title="Philip Wilson (bishop)">Philip Wilson</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Joseph_Adams" title="Edward Joseph Adams">Edward Joseph Adams</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Priests</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_priests_convicted_of_sexual_abuse" title="Category:Catholic priests convicted of sexual abuse">Category:Catholic priests convicted of sexual abuse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Responses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_response_to_Catholic_sexual_abuse_cases" title="Ecclesiastical response to Catholic sexual abuse cases">Catholic<br />Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Holy See</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curial_response_to_Catholic_sexual_abuse_cases" title="Curial response to Catholic sexual abuse cases">Roman Curia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crimen_sollicitationis" title="Crimen sollicitationis">Crimen sollicitationis</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Role_of_the_Church_in_the_Causation,_Treatment_and_Prevention_of_the_Crisis_in_the_Priesthood" title="The Role of the Church in the Causation, Treatment and Prevention of the Crisis in the Priesthood"><i>The Role of the Church in the Causation, Treatment and Prevention of the Crisis in the Priesthood</i></a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruction_Concerning_the_Criteria_for_the_Discernment_of_Vocations_with_regard_to_Persons_with_Homosexual_Tendencies_in_view_of_their_Admission_to_the_Seminary_and_to_Holy_Orders" class="mw-redirect" title="Instruction Concerning the Criteria for the Discernment of Vocations with regard to Persons with Homosexual Tendencies in view of their Admission to the Seminary and to Holy Orders"><i>Instruction Concerning the Criteria for the Discernment of Vocations</i></a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Protection_of_Minors" title="Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors">Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_sexual_abuse_summit" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican sexual abuse summit">Vatican sexual abuse summit</a> (2019) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Vos_estis_lux_mundi" title="Vos estis lux mundi">Vos estis lux mundi</a></i> [2019]</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">US Conference of<br />Catholic Bishops</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charter_for_the_Protection_of_Children_and_Young_People" class="mw-redirect" title="Charter for the Protection of Children and Young People">Charter for the Protection of Children and Young People</a> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_Jay_Report" title="John Jay Report">John Jay Report</a></i> (2004)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Settlements_and_bankruptcies_in_Catholic_sex_abuse_cases" title="Settlements and bankruptcies in Catholic sex abuse cases">Settlements and bankruptcies</a> (since 1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtus_(program)" title="Virtus (program)">Virtus</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hussey_Commission" title="Hussey Commission">Hussey Commission</a> (2002)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parish_transfers_of_abusive_Catholic_priests" title="Parish transfers of abusive Catholic priests">Parish transfers of abusive Catholic priests</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1956–2011</span>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_Inquiry" title="Hughes Inquiry">Hughes Inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferns_Report" title="Ferns Report">Ferns Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_to_Inquire_into_Child_Abuse" title="Commission to Inquire into Child Abuse">Ryan Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCoy_Report" title="McCoy Report">McCoy Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCullough_Report" title="McCullough Report">McCullough Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murphy_Report" title="Murphy Report">Murphy Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_jury_investigation_of_Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_in_Pennsylvania" title="Grand jury investigation of Catholic Church sexual abuse in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania Grand Jury Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Commission_into_Institutional_Responses_to_Child_Sexual_Abuse" title="Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse">Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Activists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duplessis_Orphans" title="Duplessis Orphans">Duplessis Orphans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survivors_Network_of_those_Abused_by_Priests" title="Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests">Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_of_the_Faithful" title="Voice of the Faithful">Voice of the Faithful</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Blaine" title="Barbara Blaine">Barbara Blaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Clohessy" title="David Clohessy">David Clohessy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitchell_Garabedian" title="Mitchell Garabedian">Mitchell Garabedian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_MacLeish" title="Eric MacLeish">Eric MacLeish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Sipe" title="Richard Sipe">Richard Sipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Saviano" title="Phil Saviano">Phil Saviano</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Liber_Gomorrhianus" title="Liber Gomorrhianus">Liber Gomorrhianus</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Katharina von Zimmern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular<br />culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Judgment_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Judgment (film)">Judgment</a></i> (1990 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Boys_of_St._Vincent" title="The Boys of St. Vincent">The Boys of St. Vincent</a></i> (1992 miniseries)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sin%C3%A9ad_O%27Connor_on_Saturday_Night_Live" title="Sinéad O'Connor on Saturday Night Live">Sinéad O'Connor on <i>Saturday Night Live</i></a> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Primal_Fear_(film)" title="Primal Fear (film)">Primal Fear</a></i> (1996 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sex_in_a_Cold_Climate" title="Sex in a Cold Climate">Sex in a Cold Climate</a></i> (1998 documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/States_of_Fear" title="States of Fear">States of Fear</a></i> (1999 documentary)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Red_Hot_Catholic_Love" title="Red Hot Catholic Love">Red Hot Catholic Love</a>" (2002 <i>South Park</i> episode)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Suing_the_Pope" title="Suing the Pope">Suing the Pope</a></i> (2002 documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Magdalene_Sisters" title="The Magdalene Sisters">The Magdalene Sisters</a></i> (2002 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Secrets" title="Cardinal Secrets">Cardinal Secrets</a></i> (2002 documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Song_for_a_Raggy_Boy" title="Song for a Raggy Boy">Song for a Raggy Boy</a></i> (2004 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Holy_Water-Gate" title="Holy Water-Gate">Holy Water-Gate</a></i> (2004 documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Twist_of_Faith" title="Twist of Faith">Twist of Faith</a></i> (2004 documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bad_Education_(2004_film)" title="Bad Education (2004 film)">Bad Education</a></i> (2004 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_Fathers_(film)" title="Our Fathers (film)">Our Fathers</a></i> (2005 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sex_Crimes_and_the_Vatican" title="Sex Crimes and the Vatican">Sex Crimes and the Vatican</a></i> (2006 documentary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deliver_Us_from_Evil_(2006_film)" title="Deliver Us from Evil (2006 film)"><i>Deliver Us from Evil</i></a> (2006 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hand_of_God_(film)" title="Hand of God (film)">Hand of God</a></i> (2006 documentary)</li> <li><i><a 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd121500020.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/121500020">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/026577">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div 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