CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html>     <html lang="en" dir="ltr" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:sioc="http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns#" xmlns:sioct="http://rdfs.org/sioc/types#" xmlns:skos="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"> <head profile="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="protectedContent/sites/all/themes/cern/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ extensions: ['tex2jax.js'], jax: ['input/TeX','output/HTML-CSS'], tex2jax: { inlineMath: [ ['$','$'], ['\$','\$'] ], processEscapes: true, processClass: 'tex2jax', ignoreClass: 'html' }, showProcessingMessages: false, messageStyle: 'none' }); </script><link rel="canonical" href="protectedContent/content/welcome-ua9.html" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org)" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="protectedContent/node/7.html" /> <title>Welcome to UA9 | UA9</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, target-densityDpi=160dpi, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <meta http-equiv="cleartype" content="on"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1">      <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="protectedContent/sites/ua9.web.cern.ch/files/css/css_ywqYrtSodM0qVMzAkOSnqZ_iBnAVpkSeD_yPtUN9tBk.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="protectedContent/sites/ua9.web.cern.ch/files/css/css_sp6pNpSMUQyII8D1eYCvJJo1_YPFTpYWsDTVM2zHlbw.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="protectedContent/sites/ua9.web.cern.ch/files/css/css_8YBZWFMeoaFXvliEloKOE_TD3n5wPel5D1v9OhCZwUA.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://framework.web.cern.ch/framework/2.0/fonts/PTSansWeb/PTSansWeb.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="protectedContent/sites/ua9.web.cern.ch/files/css/css_g9eJET_QLncO1_tLtHruWozPRxx03lrdBXyecNOo6Fo.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="protectedContent/sites/ua9.web.cern.ch/files/css/css_8h6sRbDCFpUY3rJJKc_rIN-8apDh1mjRtWWvyaY9G_8.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="protectedContent/sites/ua9.web.cern.ch/files/css/css_i0sYiRb2G5IvzoKplbGV65FyzD9xjuvVGqJpatYCGC0.css" media="print" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="protectedContent/sites/ua9.web.cern.ch/files/js/js_84JOvc07-3m27Dh4HExs6hBn_IPxFvKAf2XZQfyaLeE.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="protectedContent/sites/ua9.web.cern.ch/files/js/js_LL2_st6UDiGMlwkU90r7NwAiICtSFlJKtuOxQJ12rhc.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="protectedContent/sites/ua9.web.cern.ch/files/js/js_H0GlkOfQj8V4tRFc5a_NGcHkV0dVJlYv3OHN860qw98.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.0/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="protectedContent/sites/ua9.web.cern.ch/files/js/js_wKDzQLTiZHb6VXNT6JxYfpFXrw9fTAXwEPXJ7fdDKjw.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> </head> <body id="index" class="html front logged-in one-sidebar sidebar-second page-node page-node- page-node-7 node-type-article cern-toolbar i18n-en logofloat" > <div class="region region-page-top"> <div id="cern-toolbar" class="user-authenticated"> <h1><a href="https://home.cern" title="CERN">CERN <span>Accelerating science</span></a></h1><ul class="cern-signedin"><li class="cern-accountlinks "> </li><li><a href="https://cern.ch/directory" title="Search CERN resources and browse the directory" class="cern-directory">Directory</a></li></ul></div> </div> <div id="page"> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px){ .header-items-wrapper{ } } @media only screen and (max-width: 749px){ .header-items-wrapper{ } } </style> <header id="header" class="" role="banner" > <div class="header-inner inner"> <div class="header-group clearfix"> <div class="header-items-wrapper"> <h1 id="logo"> <a href="protectedContent/node/7.html" title="Home" rel="home" > <img src="protectedContent/sites/ua9.web.cern.ch/files/logo_1.jpeg" alt="Home" /> </a> </h1> <h2 id="site-name"> <a href="protectedContent/node/7.html" title="Home" rel="home"><span>UA9</span></a> </h2> <h3 id="site-slogan">The UA9 experiment is investigating how crystals could help to steer particle beams in high-energy colliders</h3> </div> </div> <nav id="main-navigation" role="navigation"> <h2 class="element-invisible">Main menu</h2><ul class="clearfix"><li class="menu-636 active-trail first active"><a href="protectedContent/content/welcome-ua9.html" class="active-trail active">Home</a></li> <li class="menu-742"><a href="protectedContent/content/collaboration.html">The Collaboration</a></li> <li class="menu-581"><a href="protectedContent/node/883.html">Installations</a></li> <li class="menu-582"><a href="protectedContent/node/11.html">Physics</a></li> <li class="menu-1041"><a href="protectedContent/crystals.html" title="">Crystals</a></li> <li class="menu-1203"><a href="protectedContent/node/850.html">Data analysis</a></li> <li class="menu-856"><a href="protectedContent/node/65.html">Photo gallery</a></li> <li class="menu-2353 last"><a href="protectedContent/node/1370.html" title="H8 RUN JULY 2017">H8 RUN JULY 2017</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </header> <div id="wrapper" class="clearfix"> <div class="mobile-wrapper"> <nav id="navmobile" role="navigation"> <a id="navlinks" class="button" href="protectedContent/node/7.html#">Menu</a> <div id="navdrop"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="protectedContent/content/welcome-ua9.html" class="active">Home</a></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="protectedContent/content/collaboration.html">The Collaboration</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1335.html">Collaboration Board 2015</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/38.html">Goals and purpose</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1311.html">Authors</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="protectedContent/node/883.html">Installations</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first expanded"><a href="protectedContent/node/883.html">SPS</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1309.html">Safety & Access</a></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="protectedContent/node/442.html">Instrumentation</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="sps-crystals.html">SPS - Crystals</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="sps-installed-instrumentation.html" title="SPS - Instrumentation">SPS - Instrumentation</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1337.html">Computers and software used in the DAQ</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1315.html">DAQ setup in SPS</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1317.html">Delay among scintillator detectors</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1314.html">HV setup for detectors in SPS</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1364.html">Medipix setup</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1368.html">SPS Timepixes</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1342.html">SPS scintillators</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1330.html">Starting the acquisition of the WaveCatcher</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1346.html">Switching from protons to ions</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1320.html">Threshold for scintillator detectors</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1318.html">Trigger fot the detectors in SPS</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1316.html">WaveCatcher parameters</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1331.html">WaveCatcher setup for CpFM</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1324.html">WaveCatcher setup for scintillators</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="protectedContent/node/1310.html">Data taking</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first expanded"><a href="sps-md-plan.html">MD Plan</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1302.html">SPS - MD - Plan 25-26 Nov 2014</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1321.html">SPS - MD - Plan 25-26 Nov 2014</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1336.html">SPS - MD - Plan 3 - 4 December 2015</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="protectedContent/node/1292.html">SPS - MD Procedures</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1373.html">How to start the online monitoring for the DOROS BPM</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1333.html">How to use the transverse damper</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1294.html">SPS - MD - Alignment procedure and background estimation</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1299.html">SPS - MD - Angular scan</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1300.html">SPS - MD - General procedure for linear scans</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1297.html">SPS - MD - Halo diffusion speed measurement</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1295.html">SPS - MD - How to close the MD</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1293.html">SPS - MD - How to start a new MD</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1301.html">SPS - MD - Linear scan with LHC collimator or RP2</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1296.html">SPS - MD - Off-momentum contribution to beam size</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1298.html">SPS - MD - Setup of crystal collimation system</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1338.html">SPS - Saved data</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="https://ps-sps-coordination.web.cern.ch" title="">Users Schedules</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="protectedContent/node/64.html">H8</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/449.html">Safety & Access</a></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="protectedContent/node/432.html">Instrumentation</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1343.html" title="">H8 4-Axis piMICOS goniometer</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1344.html" title="H8 goniometers">H8 Gonio</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://ps-sps-coordination.web.cern.ch" title="">Users Schedules</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/447.html">Software & DAQ</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="http://elogbook.cern.ch/eLogbook/eLogbook.jsp?lgbk=811" title="">Logbook</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1304.html">Shifts</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last expanded"><a href="protectedContent/node/42.html">LHC</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1268.html">Safety & Access</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1269.html">Instrumentation</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="protectedContent/node/11.html">Physics</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/40.html">Coherent effects in crystals</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/14.html">Crystal collimation</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/45.html">Simulation</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/438.html">Bibliography</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="crystals.html" title="">Crystals</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/850.html">Data analysis</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/65.html">Photo gallery</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="protectedContent/node/1370.html" title="H8 RUN JULY 2017">H8 RUN JULY 2017</a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="main" class="inner clearfix"> <div id="protectedContent/content" class="column" role="main"> <a id="main-content"></a> <h1 class="title" id="page-title">Welcome to UA9</h1> <div about="/content/welcome-ua9" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document" class="ds-1col node node-article node-promoted node-sticky view-mode-full view-mode-full clearfix"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" src="protectedContent/sites/ua9.web.cern.ch/files/field/image/crystal-home.jpg" width="1200" height="1200" alt="" /><div class="tex2jax"> <div class="field-body"> <p>聽</p> <p>The UA9 collaboration is investigating how tiny bent crystals could improve how beams are collimated in modern hadron colliders such as the LHC.</p> <p>The planes in crystalline solids can constrain the directions that charged particles take as they pass through. Physicists can use this "channelling" property of crystals to steer particle beams. In a bent crystal, for example, channelled particles follow the bend and can change their direction.</p> <p>In high-energy hadron colliders, particles surrounding the beam core can be lost, damaging sensitive areas of the <a href="http://home.web.cern.ch/about/accelerators">accelerator</a>. Multi-stage collimation systems are usually used to absorb this beam halo. These systems are composed of massive collimators and absorbers very close to the beam. Using a tiny bent crystal as a primary collimator could deflect halo particles coherently at large angles and direct them into a secondary collimator-absorber. 聽In this way, the massive collimator-absorber could be placed at an increased distance from the beam, reducing the complexity of the system.</p> <p>The UA9 collaboration has been testing this idea since 2009, using beams from the <a href="http://home.web.cern.ch/about/accelerators/super-proton-synchrotron">Super Proton Synchrotron</a> to do experiments on the collimation efficiency of silicon crystals.</p> <p>Developing a crystal collimation system for a high-energy collider such as the <a href="http://home.web.cern.ch/about/accelerators/large-hadron-collider">Large Hadron Collider</a> (LHC)聽poses several challenges:</p> <ul><li>In steady conditions, a bent crystal could deposit up to 0.5 MW power in a small spot on the collimator-absorber that would need to sustain the power for several seconds without damage.</li> <li>The higher the particle energy, the lower the angular acceptance for channelling.聽UA9 is working in partnership with industrial companies to develop alignment mechanisms with high angular accuracy.</li> <li>And the growth rate of the beam halo is so slow that the first impacts on the crystal occur in a region not exceeding a few atomic layers. This imposes the requirement to have a flat surface parallel to the crystal planes with unprecedented tolerance.</li> </ul><p>The global requirements for crystal-assisted collimation call for technological breakthroughs in a multidisciplinary range; issues are related to beam manipulation, particle detectors, computing and data analysis. UA9 intends to provide solutions for them.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <aside class="sidebars"> <div class="region region-sidebar-second"> <section id="block-menu-menu-useful-links" class="block block-menu"> <h2>USEFUL LINKS</h2> <ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?ln=it&p=UA9&action_search=Cerca&op1=a&m1=a&p1=&f1=&c=CERN+Document+Server&sf=&so=d&rm=rrm&rg=100&sc=1&of=hb" title="List of UA9 Papers">UA9 Papers</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://indico.cern.ch/category/3256/" title="Indico link">UA9 Meetings</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://greybook.cern.ch/greybook/experiment/detail?id=UA9" title="Link to the greybook with the list of the members">UA9 Experiment in the greybook</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://committees.web.cern.ch/spsc" title="">SPS and PS Committee</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="http://usersoffice.web.cern.ch/" title="">Users' Office</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="https://maps.cern.ch/" title="">CERN Map</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </aside> </div> <footer id="footer" class="page"> <div class="inner clearfix"> <div class="region region-footer-first"> <div id="block-block-2" class="block block-block"> <h2>PARTNERS</h2> <div class="tex2jax"> <p><strong><a href="http://home.web.cern.ch/" target="_blank">CERN</a></strong></p> <p><strong><a href="http://w3.lnf.infn.it/" target="_blank">INFN Frascati</a></strong></p> <p><strong><a href="https://www.na.infn.it/" target="_blank">INFN Napoli</a></strong></p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.jinr.ru/" target="_blank">JINR</a></strong></p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.pnpi.spb.ru/" target="_blank">PNPI</a></strong></p> <p><a href="http://www.ihep.ru/"><strong>IHEP</strong></a></p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.imperial.ac.uk/" target="_blank">Imperial College London</a></strong></p> <p>聽</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="region region-footer-second"> <div id="block-block-3" class="block block-block"> <h2>CONTACT</h2> <div class="tex2jax"> <p><strong><a href="mailto:drupal-admins-ua9-web-cern-ch@cern.ch?subject=UA9%20Website">Webmaster</a></strong></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cern-logo"> <a href="http://home.cern" title="CERN" rel="CERN" > <img src="protectedContent/sites/all/themes/cern/img/cern-logo-large.png" alt="CERN" /> </a> </div> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="protectedContent/sites/ua9.web.cern.ch/files/js/js_AZ9y0PShar4GyPuQUcAgecHmIwX4TUOo0HFPa06mnF0.js"></script>     </body> </html>