CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="ro" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Abdus Salam - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )rowikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t.",".\t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","ianuarie","februarie","martie","aprilie","mai","iunie","iulie","august","septembrie","octombrie","noiembrie","decembrie"],"wgRequestId":"aede76ca-0c79-47ae-abeb-d3ece6f5de64","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Abdus_Salam","wgTitle":"Abdus Salam","wgCurRevisionId":16099255,"wgRevisionId":16099255,"wgArticleId":343370,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pagini cu citări fără titluri","Pagini cu citări de simple URL-uri","Articole cu surse în limba engleză (en)","Articole cu legături către elemente fără etichetă în limba română","Erori CS1: parameter link","Erori CS1: date","Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori BNF","Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori CINII","Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori GND","Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori ISNI","Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori LCCN", "Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori MGP","Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori NDL","Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori NKC","Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori NLA","Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori SBN","Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori SNAC-ID","Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori SUDOC","Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori VIAF","Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori WorldCat-VIAF","Articole Wikipedia cu control de autoritate","Cioturi Biografii Pakistanezi","Fizicieni pakistanezi","Laureați ai Premiului Nobel pentru Fizică","Laureați pakistanezi ai Premiului Nobel","Nașteri în 1926","Decese în 1996"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ro","wgPageContentLanguage":"ro","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Abdus_Salam","wgRelevantArticleId":343370,"wgTempUserName":null,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true, "wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ro","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ro"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":4000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q28189","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.2"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready", "site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022", "ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ro&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ro&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ro&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Abdus_Salam_1987_%28cropped%29.jpg/1200px-Abdus_Salam_1987_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1485"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Abdus_Salam_1987_%28cropped%29.jpg/800px-Abdus_Salam_1987_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="990"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Abdus_Salam_1987_%28cropped%29.jpg/640px-Abdus_Salam_1987_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="792"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Abdus Salam - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ro.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Modificare" href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (ro)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ro.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ro"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Abonare Atom" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Schimb%C4%83ri_recente&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Abdus_Salam rootpage-Abdus_Salam skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Sari la conținut</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Meniul principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Meniul principal </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Meniul principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigare </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pagina_principal%C4%83" title="Vedeți pagina principală [z]" accesskey="z">Pagina principală</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Schimb%C4%83ri_recente" title="Lista ultimelor schimbări realizate în acest wiki [r]" accesskey="r">Schimbări recente</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cafenea" title="Informații despre evenimentele curente">Cafenea</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Aleatoriu" title="Afișează o pagină aleatoare [x]" accesskey="x">Articol aleatoriu</a></li><li id="n-Facebook" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/WikipediaRomana" rel="nofollow">Facebook</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Participare" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Participare" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Participare </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Cum-încep-pe-Wikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Bun_venit">Cum încep pe Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Cuprins" title="Locul în care găsiți ajutor">Ajutor</a></li><li id="n-Portals" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:R%C4%83sfoire">Portaluri tematice</a></li><li id="n-Articole-cerute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articole_cerute">Articole cerute</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Pagina_principal%C4%83" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="enciclopedia liberă" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ro.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:C%C4%83utare" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Căutare în Wikipedia [c]" accesskey="c"> Căutare </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Căutare în Wikipedia" aria-label="Căutare în Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Căutare în Wikipedia [c]" accesskey="c" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Căutare"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Căutare</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Unelte personale"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspect"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aspect" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Aspect </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ro.wikipedia.org&uselang=ro" class="">Donații</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%C3%8Enregistrare&returnto=Abdus+Salam" title="Vă încurajăm să vă creați un cont și să vă autentificați; totuși, nu este obligatoriu" class="">Creare cont</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Autentificare&returnto=Abdus+Salam" title="Sunteți încurajat să vă autentificați, deși acest lucru nu este obligatoriu. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Autentificare</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out user-links-collapsible-item" title="Mai multe opțiuni" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Unelte personale" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Unelte personale </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Meniul de utilizator" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ro.wikipedia.org&uselang=ro">Donații</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%C3%8Enregistrare&returnto=Abdus+Salam" title="Vă încurajăm să vă creați un cont și să vă autentificați; totuși, nu este obligatoriu"> Creare cont</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Autentificare&returnto=Abdus+Salam" title="Sunteți încurajat să vă autentificați, deși acest lucru nu este obligatoriu. [o]" accesskey="o"> Autentificare</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eascunde\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"anonnotice\" lang=\"ro\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; margin: 0 0 3px;\"\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\"nomobile\" style=\"float:right\"\u003E\n\u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Concurs_de_scriere\" title=\"Wikipedia:Concurs de scriere\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Concurs_de_scriere.png/126px-Concurs_de_scriere.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"126\" height=\"95\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Concurs_de_scriere.png/189px-Concurs_de_scriere.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Concurs_de_scriere.png/251px-Concurs_de_scriere.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"506\" data-file-height=\"383\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv style=\"color: grey; max-width:1280px; margin: 12px auto; font-family: Tahoma, \u0026#39;DejaVu Sans Condensed\u0026#39;, sans-serif; text-align: center; font-size: 12pt; position: relative;\"\u003EA început o nouă ediție a concursului de scriere! Sunteți cu drag invitați să participați la ediția cu numărul 22, cu articole scrise sau dezvoltate considerabil între 1 aprilie și 30 noiembrie 2024. Pentru înscriere de articole la concurs (nominalizări), condiții de eligibilitate, punctare și alte detalii, vă rugăm să accesați \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Concurs_de_scriere\" title=\"Wikipedia:Concurs de scriere\"\u003Epagina\u0026#160;concursului\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E.\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv style=\"clear: both;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Cuprins" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cuprins</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Început</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Biografie </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Creația_științifică" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Creația_științifică"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Creația științifică </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Creația_științifică-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Titluri_onorifice,_distincții" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Titluri_onorifice,_distincții"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Titluri onorifice, distincții </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Titluri_onorifice,_distincții-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discipoli:" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discipoli:"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Discipoli: </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discipoli:-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alți_discipoli_notabili" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alți_discipoli_notabili"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Alți discipoli notabili </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alți_discipoli_notabili-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Note </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Comută cuprinsul </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Abdus Salam</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 80 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-80" aria-hidden="true" > 80 limbi </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="محمد عبد السلام – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="محمد عبد السلام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="محمد عبد السلام – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="محمد عبد السلام" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9B_%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="আব্দুছ ছালাম – asameză" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="আব্দুছ ছালাম" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asameză" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fbdus_Salam" title="Əbdus Salam – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əbdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="عبدالسلام – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="عبدالسلام" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Абдус Салам – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Абдус Салам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Абдус Салам – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Абдус Салам" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE_(%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80)" title="আবদুস সালাম (পদার্থবিজ্ঞানী) – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আবদুস সালাম (পদার্থবিজ্ঞানী)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Ahmad_Muhammad_Abdus_Salam" title="Abu Ahmad Muhammad Abdus Salam – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Abu Ahmad Muhammad Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%82_%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%BC" title="Αμπντούς Σαλάμ – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αμπντούς Σαλάμ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="عبدالسلام – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عبدالسلام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8_%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AE" title="અબ્દુસ સલામ – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="અબ્દુસ સલામ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – chineză hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="chineză hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A1_%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9D" title="עבדוס סלאם – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עבדוס סלאם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="अब्दुस सलाम – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अब्दुस सलाम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – haitiană" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiană" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A2%D5%A4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD_%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B4" title="Աբդուս Սալամ – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աբդուս Սալամ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%96%E3%83%89%E3%82%A5%E3%83%83%E3%82%B5%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0" title="アブドゥッサラーム – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アブドゥッサラーム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%93%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="აბდუს სალამი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აბდუს სალამი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Әбдус Салам – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Әбдус Салам" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%95%EB%91%90%EC%8A%A4_%EC%82%B4%EB%9E%8C" title="압두스 살람 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="압두스 살람" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abduss_Salams" title="Abduss Salams – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Abduss Salams" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – malgașă" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgașă" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Абдус Салам – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Абдус Салам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82" title="അബ്ദുസലാം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അബ്ദുസലാം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="अब्दुस सलाम – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अब्दुस सलाम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="عبدالسلام – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="عبدالسلام" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="एब्डस सलाम – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="एब्डस सलाम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE" title="ਅਬਦੁਸ ਸਲਾਮ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਬਦੁਸ ਸਲਾਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="عبدالسلام – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عبدالسلام" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="عبدالسلام – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="عبدالسلام" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Абдус Салам – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Абдус Салам" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Абдус Салам – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Абдус Салам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="அப்துஸ் சலாம் – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அப்துஸ் சலாம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%82" title="అబ్దుస్ సలం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అబ్దుస్ సలం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Абдуссалом – tadjică" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Абдуссалом" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjică" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammed_Abd%C3%BCsselam" title="Muhammed Abdüsselam – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Muhammed Abdüsselam" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%A9%D1%85%D3%99%D0%BC%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%82_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Мөхәммәт Габдессәлам – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мөхәммәт Габдессәлам" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Абдус Салам – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Абдус Салам" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="عبد السلام – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عبد السلام" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86" title="阿卜杜勒·萨拉姆 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿卜杜勒·萨拉姆" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%93%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="აბდუს სალამი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="აბდუს სალამი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Abdus Salam" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86" title="阿卜杜勒·萨拉姆 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿卜杜勒·萨拉姆" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q28189#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Vedeți conținutul paginii [a]" accesskey="a">Articol</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discu%C8%9Bie:Abdus_Salam" rel="discussion" title="Discuții despre această pagină [t]" accesskey="t">Discuție</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >română </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vizualizări"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Abdus_Salam">Lectură</a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v">Modificare</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e">Modificare sursă</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&action=history" title="Versiunile anterioare ale paginii și autorii lor. [h]" accesskey="h">Istoric</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Unelte" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Unelte </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Unelte</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mai multe opțiuni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Acțiuni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Abdus_Salam">Lectură</a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v">Modificare</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e">Modificare sursă</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&action=history">Istoric</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Ce_se_leag%C4%83_aici/Abdus_Salam" title="Lista tuturor paginilor wiki care conduc spre această pagină [j]" accesskey="j">Ce trimite aici</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Modific%C4%83ri_corelate/Abdus_Salam" rel="nofollow" title="Schimbări recente în legătură cu această pagină [k]" accesskey="k">Schimbări corelate</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Trimite_fi%C8%99ier" title="Încărcare fișiere [u]" accesskey="u">Trimite fișier</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Pagini_speciale" title="Lista tuturor paginilor speciale [q]" accesskey="q">Pagini speciale</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&oldid=16099255" title="Legătură permanentă către această versiune a acestei pagini">Legătură permanentă</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&action=info" title="Mai multe informații despre această pagină">Informații despre pagină</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citeaz%C4%83&page=Abdus_Salam&id=16099255&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informații cu privire la modul de citare a acestei pagini">Citează acest articol</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAbdus_Salam">Obține URL scurtat</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAbdus_Salam">Descărcați codul QR</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tipărire/exportare </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Carte&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Abdus+Salam">Creare carte</a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Abdus_Salam&action=show-download-screen">Descărcare ca PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&printable=yes" title="Versiunea de tipărit a acestei pagini [p]" accesskey="p">Versiune de tipărit</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> În alte proiecte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Abdus_Salam" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q28189" title="Legătură către elementul asociat din depozitul de date [g]" accesskey="g">Element Wikidata</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspect"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspect</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><table class="infocaseta"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="antet biografii" style="background-color:#F5F5DC;color:#000000;">Abdus Salam</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Abdus_Salam_1987_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Abdus_Salam_1987_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Abdus_Salam_1987_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Abdus_Salam_1987_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Abdus_Salam_1987_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Abdus_Salam_1987_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Abdus_Salam_1987_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1383" data-file-height="1711" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#F5F5DC;color:#000000;">Date personale</th></tr><tr><th style=";">Născut</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><time datetime="1926-01-29"><a href="/wiki/29_ianuarie" title="29 ianuarie">29 ianuarie</a> <a href="/wiki/1926" title="1926">1926</a></time><a href="#cite_note-309d4b8e1380df93e7321e7a8e828abe-17">[17]</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><a href="#cite_note-955a2c00b2f3635b0ae36b0eea9b4319-18">[18]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><a href="#cite_note-b67b4db76170d520596ee688064ac4ac-19">[19]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><a href="#cite_note-9861fe8eddbbe88becb5206c8bfe0508-20">[20]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><a href="#cite_note-ba279da03a828cf3c0cc26ee0d7a8fe2-21">[21]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P569" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jhang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jhang — pagină inexistentă">Jhang</a>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026616" class="extiw" title="d:Q1026616">d</a>), <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P19" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Decedat</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><time datetime="1996-11-21"><a href="/wiki/21_noiembrie" title="21 noiembrie">21 noiembrie</a> <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a></time> (70 de ani)<a href="#cite_note-309d4b8e1380df93e7321e7a8e828abe-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-955a2c00b2f3635b0ae36b0eea9b4319-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-b67b4db76170d520596ee688064ac4ac-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-9861fe8eddbbe88becb5206c8bfe0508-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-ba279da03a828cf3c0cc26ee0d7a8fe2-21">[21]</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P570" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anglia" title="Anglia">Anglia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Regatul_Unit_al_Marii_Britanii_%C8%99i_al_Irlandei_de_Nord" title="Regatul Unit al Marii Britanii și al Irlandei de Nord">Regatul Unit</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P20" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Cauza decesului</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Moarte_din_cauze_naturale" title="Moarte din cauze naturale">cauze naturale</a> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q945930" class="extiw" title="d:Q945930">progressive supranuclear palsy</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[progressive supranuclear palsy (neurodegenerative disease characterized by supranuclear gaze palsy, postural instability, progressive rigidity, and mild dementia)|]]) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P509" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Căsătorit cu</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29612" class="extiw" title="d:Q29612">Louise Johnson</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Louise Johnson (British biochemist and protein crystallographer (1940-2012))|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P26" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Cetățenie</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:British_Raj_Red_Ensign.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/British_Raj_Red_Ensign.svg/20px-British_Raj_Red_Ensign.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/British_Raj_Red_Ensign.svg/30px-British_Raj_Red_Ensign.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/British_Raj_Red_Ensign.svg/40px-British_Raj_Red_Ensign.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a> <a href="/wiki/India_Britanic%C4%83" title="India Britanică">India Britanică</a> (<time datetime="1926">1926</time>–<time datetime="1947">1947</time>) <a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> (<time datetime="1947">1947</time>–<time datetime="1996">1996</time>) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P27" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Religie</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya" title="Ahmadiyya">Ahmadiyya</a><a href="#cite_note-1359086836a5c5f6f90e64810971cea6-22">[22]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islam</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P140" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Ocupație</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622272" class="extiw" title="d:Q1622272">cadru didactic universitar</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cadru_didactic_universitar_(persoan%C4%83_care_pred%C4%83_la_o_universitare)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cadru didactic universitar (persoană care predă la o universitare) — pagină inexistentă"></a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19350898" class="extiw" title="d:Q19350898">fizician teoretician</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fizician_teoretician_(occupation)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fizician teoretician (occupation) — pagină inexistentă"></a> <a href="/wiki/Fizician" title="Fizician">fizician</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P106" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Limbi vorbite</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Limba_punjab%C4%83" title="Limba punjabă">limba punjabă</a> <a href="/wiki/Limba_urdu" title="Limba urdu">limba urdu</a> <a href="/wiki/Limba_englez%C4%83" title="Limba engleză">limba engleză</a><a href="#cite_note-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260-23">[23]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P1412" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#F5F5DC;color:#000000;">Activitate</th></tr><tr><th style=";">Domeniu</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Teoria_cuantic%C4%83_a_c%C3%A2mpurilor" title="Teoria cuantică a câmpurilor">teoria cuantică a câmpurilor</a>  <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P101" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Număr Erdős</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";">3  <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P2021" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Instituție</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial College London</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4294470" class="extiw" title="d:Q4294470">Ministry of Science and Technology</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Ministry of Science and Technology (government ministry in Pakistan)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126726" class="extiw" title="d:Q126726">Government College University</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Government College University (public university in Lahore, Pakistan)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691283" class="extiw" title="d:Q691283">St John's College</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[St John's College (constituent college of the University of Cambridge)|]] <a href="/wiki/International_Centre_for_Theoretical_Physics" title="International Centre for Theoretical Physics">International Centre for Theoretical Physics</a> <a href="/wiki/Universitatea_din_Chicago" title="Universitatea din Chicago">Universitatea din Chicago</a> <a href="/wiki/Universitatea_Cambridge" title="Universitatea Cambridge">Universitatea Cambridge</a> <a href="/wiki/Universitatea_Columbia" title="Universitatea Columbia">Universitatea Columbia</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1661751" class="extiw" title="d:Q1661751">University of Karachi</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[University of Karachi (university in Pakistan)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472358" class="extiw" title="d:Q1472358">Universitatea din Houston</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Universitatea_din_Houston_(state_research_university_in_Houston,_Texas,_United_States)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universitatea din Houston (state research university in Houston, Texas, United States) — pagină inexistentă"></a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549932" class="extiw" title="d:Q1549932">Universitatea Punjabului</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Universitatea_Punjabului_(public_sector_university_primarily_located_in_Lahore,_Punjab,_Pakistan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universitatea Punjabului (public sector university primarily located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan) — pagină inexistentă"></a>  <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P108" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Alma Mater</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126726" class="extiw" title="d:Q126726">Government College University</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Government College University (public university in Lahore, Pakistan)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691283" class="extiw" title="d:Q691283">St John's College</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[St John's College (constituent college of the University of Cambridge)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549932" class="extiw" title="d:Q1549932">Universitatea Punjabului</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Universitatea_Punjabului_(public_sector_university_primarily_located_in_Lahore,_Punjab,_Pakistan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universitatea Punjabului (public sector university primarily located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan) — pagină inexistentă"></a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691283" class="extiw" title="d:Q691283">St John's College</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[St John's College (constituent college of the University of Cambridge)|]]<a href="#cite_note-d09ccf7a6da8de517ea53d78bd164eb7-1">[1]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18354533" class="extiw" title="d:Q18354533">Sanatan Dharma College</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Sanatan Dharma College (College in Ambala Cantonment, Haryana, India)|]]  <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P69" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Organizații</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Societatea Regală din Londra</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938622" class="extiw" title="d:Q938622">Academia Pontificală de Științe</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Pontifical%C4%83_de_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be_(academia_de_%C8%99tiin%C8%9Be_a_Vaticanului)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Academia Pontificală de Științe (academia de științe a Vaticanului) — pagină inexistentă"></a><a href="#cite_note-2926d05bf5fb419a345c77628a6d8356-2">[2]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370801" class="extiw" title="d:Q2370801">Academia de Științe a URSS</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_de_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be_a_URSS_(scientific_institution_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1925%E2%80%931991))&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Academia de Științe a URSS (scientific institution of the Soviet Union (1925–1991)) — pagină inexistentă"></a><a href="#cite_note-e42338826c2cb2eee2a1e3259cd96897-3">[3]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="/wiki/Academia_Regal%C4%83_Suedez%C4%83_de_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be" title="Academia Regală Suedeză de Științe">Academia Regală Suedeză de Științe</a> <a href="/wiki/Academia_Maghiar%C4%83_de_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be" title="Academia Maghiară de Științe">Academia Maghiară de Științe</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463303" class="extiw" title="d:Q463303">Academia Americană de Arte și Științe</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_American%C4%83_de_Arte_%C8%99i_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be_(United_States_honorary_society_and_policy_research_center)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Academia Americană de Arte și Științe (United States honorary society and policy research center) — pagină inexistentă"></a> <a href="/wiki/Academia_Rus%C4%83_de_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be" title="Academia Rusă de Științe">Academia Rusă de Științe</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2095524" class="extiw" title="d:Q2095524">Academia Națională Indiană de Științe</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Na%C8%9Bional%C4%83_Indian%C4%83_de_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be_(national_academy_in_New_Delhi_for_Indian_scientists_in_all_branches_of_science_and_technology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Academia Națională Indiană de Științe (national academy in New Delhi for Indian scientists in all branches of science and technology) — pagină inexistentă"></a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3603946" class="extiw" title="d:Q3603946">Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze detta dei XL</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Accademia_Nazionale_delle_Scienze_detta_dei_XL_(Italy%27s_national_academy_of_sciences)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze detta dei XL (Italy's national academy of sciences) — pagină inexistentă"></a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337352" class="extiw" title="d:Q337352">TWAS, the academy of sciences for the developing world</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[TWAS, the academy of sciences for the developing world (merit-based science academy)|]]<a href="#cite_note-ac2248d86b5051130992ece20a2dfc5f-4">[4]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270794" class="extiw" title="d:Q270794">Academia Națională de Științe a Statelor Unite ale Americii</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Na%C8%9Bional%C4%83_de_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be_a_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii_(science_branch_of_the_United_States_National_Academies)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Academia Națională de Științe a Statelor Unite ale Americii (science branch of the United States National Academies) — pagină inexistentă"></a> <a href="/wiki/Academia_Polonez%C4%83_de_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be" title="Academia Poloneză de Științe">Academia Poloneză de Științe</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2502839" class="extiw" title="d:Q2502839">Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (Pakistan's space exploration agency)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5341957" class="extiw" title="d:Q5341957">Edward Bouchet Abdus Salam Institute</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Edward Bouchet Abdus Salam Institute |]]  <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P463" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Conducător de doctorat</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1382109" class="extiw" title="d:Q1382109">Nicholas Kemmer</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Nicholas Kemmer (fizician britanic)|]]<a href="#cite_note-99d0463a97deb701aafed3d7caac7e0e-5">[5]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2062704" class="extiw" title="d:Q2062704">Paul Taunton Matthews</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Paul Taunton Matthews (British scientist (1919–1987))|]]<a href="#cite_note-1bf2f1b68d686376e7db3b7242b3e61d-6">[6]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537">  <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P184" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Doctoranzi</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Gilbert" title="Walter Gilbert">Walter Gilbert</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665193" class="extiw" title="d:Q1665193">Michael Duff</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Michael Duff (fizician britanic)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2133987" class="extiw" title="d:Q2133987">Ray Streater</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Ray Streater (fizician britanic)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5439125" class="extiw" title="d:Q5439125">Fayyazuddin</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Fayyazuddin (fizician pakistanez)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5557639" class="extiw" title="d:Q5557639">Ghulam Murtaza</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Ghulam Murtaza (fizician pakistanez)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6935925" class="extiw" title="d:Q6935925">Muneer Ahmad Rashid</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Muneer Ahmad Rashid (Mathematical physicist, professor)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7322195" class="extiw" title="d:Q7322195">Riazuddin</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Riazuddin (Pakistani nuclear physicist (1930–2013))|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7343486" class="extiw" title="d:Q7343486">Robert Delbourgo</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Robert Delbourgo (fizician australian)|]]<a href="#cite_note-d09ccf7a6da8de517ea53d78bd164eb7-1">[1]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11181243" class="extiw" title="d:Q11181243">Masud Ahmad</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Masud Ahmad (Pakistani theoretical physicist)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17521164" class="extiw" title="d:Q17521164">Ali Chamseddine</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Ali Chamseddine (fizician libanez)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P185" class="extiw" title="d:Q28189">...încă 20</a>  <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P185" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Premii</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757645" class="extiw" title="d:Q757645">Atoms for Peace Award</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Atoms for Peace Award (peace prize)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15631401" class="extiw" title="d:Q15631401">Membru al Societății Regale</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Membru_al_Societ%C4%83%C8%9Bii_Regale_(elected_Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society_in_London,_including_Honorary,_Foreign_and_Royal_Fellows)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Membru al Societății Regale (elected Fellow of the Royal Society in London, including Honorary, Foreign and Royal Fellows) — pagină inexistentă"></a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2683676" class="extiw" title="d:Q2683676">Pride of Performance</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Pride of Performance (award)|]] <a href="/wiki/Medalia_Copley" title="Medalia Copley">Medalia Copley</a> (<time datetime="1990">1990</time>)<a href="#cite_note-6fd4776638caa785744bcdb580b15bf0-7">[7]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Medal" title="Royal Medal">Royal Medal</a> (<time datetime="1978">1978</time>) <a href="/wiki/Premiul_Nobel_pentru_fizic%C4%83" title="Premiul Nobel pentru fizică">Premiul Nobel pentru Fizică</a> (<time datetime="1979">1979</time>)<a href="#cite_note-af74fe673e276e29eafcac55e5cbe88a-8">[8]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><a href="#cite_note-acc8cfc84f4a6713144a85e9384fe0c3-9">[9]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><a href="#cite_note-d0483ac82e5a86336d7b59df131d3a91-10">[10]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340199" class="extiw" title="d:Q1340199">Medalia Lomonosov</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medalia_Lomonosov_(medal_awarded_for_achievements_in_natural_sciences_and_humanities_by_the_Russian_Academy_of_Sciences)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medalia Lomonosov (medal awarded for achievements in natural sciences and humanities by the Russian Academy of Sciences) — pagină inexistentă"></a> (<time datetime="1983">1983</time>)<a href="#cite_note-0002475565c1b981ba3d2d372dd15b3f-11">[11]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844872" class="extiw" title="d:Q844872">Medalia Hughes</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medalia_Hughes_(Royal_Society_of_London_award)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medalia Hughes (Royal Society of London award) — pagină inexistentă"></a> (<time datetime="1964">1964</time>) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1419938" class="extiw" title="d:Q1419938">medalia Matteucci</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medalia_Matteucci_(Italian_award_for_physicists)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medalia Matteucci (Italian award for physicists) — pagină inexistentă"></a> (<time datetime="1978">1978</time>) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28814622" class="extiw" title="d:Q28814622">Eredoctor van de Universiteit Gent</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Eredoctor van de Universiteit Gent |]] (<time datetime="1988-03-18">18 martie 1988</time>)<a href="#cite_note-e2b91dc92e60374d8b442f0adbbacfb4-12">[12]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211692" class="extiw" title="d:Q211692">Premiul internațional al Cataloniei</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premiul_interna%C8%9Bional_al_Cataloniei_(cultural_prize_given_by_the_state_of_Catalonia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Premiul internațional al Cataloniei (cultural prize given by the state of Catalonia) — pagină inexistentă"></a> (<time datetime="1990">1990</time>)<a href="#cite_note-11f9da87ab69f6efb9c9f7644a554b0d-13">[13]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10458475" class="extiw" title="d:Q10458475">TWAS fellow</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[TWAS fellow |]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3132815" class="extiw" title="d:Q3132815">Ordem Nacional do Mérito Científico</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Ordem Nacional do Mérito Científico (order of Brazil)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23055126" class="extiw" title="d:Q23055126">J. Robert Oppenheimer Memorial Prize</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[J. Robert Oppenheimer Memorial Prize (prize awarded by the Center for Theoretical Studies, University of Miami)|]] (<time datetime="1971">1971</time>) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820710" class="extiw" title="d:Q1820710">Nishan-e-Pakistan</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nishan-e-Pakistan_(decora%C8%9Biune_acordat%C4%83_de_Guvernul_Pakistanului_pentru_cel_mai_%C3%AEnalt_grad_de_serviciu_adus_%C8%9B%C4%83rii_%C8%99i_na%C8%9Biunii_Pakistanului)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nishan-e-Pakistan (decorațiune acordată de Guvernul Pakistanului pentru cel mai înalt grad de serviciu adus țării și națiunii Pakistanului) — pagină inexistentă"></a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2065289" class="extiw" title="d:Q2065289">Sitara-i-Imtiaz</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Sitara-i-Imtiaz (third-highest civilian award of Pakistan)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14539974" class="extiw" title="d:Q14539974">Ordinul de Merit al Republicii Italiene în grad de Mare Cavaler</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordinul_de_Merit_al_Republicii_Italiene_%C3%AEn_grad_de_Mare_Cavaler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ordinul de Merit al Republicii Italiene în grad de Mare Cavaler — pagină inexistentă"></a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12201445" class="extiw" title="d:Q12201445">Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (award, rank of the Order of the British Empire)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42559576" class="extiw" title="d:Q42559576">doctor honoris causa al Universității din Göteborg</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doctor_honoris_causa_al_Universit%C4%83%C8%9Bii_din_G%C3%B6teborg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doctor honoris causa al Universității din Göteborg — pagină inexistentă"></a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41795465" class="extiw" title="d:Q41795465">honorary doctorate from the University of Cambridge</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[honorary doctorate from the University of Cambridge |]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21476518" class="extiw" title="d:Q21476518">honorary doctor of the University of Edinburgh</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[honorary doctor of the University of Edinburgh |]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2776640" class="extiw" title="d:Q2776640">Marcel Grossmann Award</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Marcel Grossmann Award |]] (<time datetime="1985">1985</time>) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41955909" class="extiw" title="d:Q41955909">Fellow of the American Physical Society</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Fellow of the American Physical Society (fellowship of the American Physical Society)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50621171" class="extiw" title="d:Q50621171">doctor honoris causa por la Universidad Complutense de Madrid</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[doctor honoris causa por la Universidad Complutense de Madrid |]] (<time datetime="1983">1983</time>) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1107771" class="extiw" title="d:Q1107771">Bakerian Lecture</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Bakerian Lecture (one of the premier medals of the Royal Society that recognizes exceptional and outstanding science)|]] (<time datetime="1980">1980</time>) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1745209" class="extiw" title="d:Q1745209">Maxwell Medal and Prize</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Maxwell Medal and Prize (the Institute of Physics (IOP) annual award made for outstanding contributions to theoretical physics, mathematical or computational physics and intended to recognise physicists early in their careers)|]] (<time datetime="1962">1962</time>) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q351723" class="extiw" title="d:Q351723">premiul Adams</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premiul_Adams_(British_award_for_mathematical_research)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Premiul Adams (British award for mathematical research) — pagină inexistentă"></a> (<time datetime="1958">1958</time>) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59153507" class="extiw" title="d:Q59153507">Fellow of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Fellow of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences |]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59767926" class="extiw" title="d:Q59767926">Fellow of Pakistan Academy of Sciences</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Fellow of Pakistan Academy of Sciences |]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61576125" class="extiw" title="d:Q61576125">Guthrie Medal and Prize</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Guthrie Medal and Prize (British award for experimental physics)|]] (<time datetime="1976">1976</time>)<a href="#cite_note-33164a4ab91ea637d96625638887c34f-14">[14]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63091851" class="extiw" title="d:Q63091851">honorary doctor of the University of Science and Technology of China</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[honorary doctor of the University of Science and Technology of China |]] (<time datetime="1986">1986</time>)<a href="#cite_note-9d9d11032d9fd9a32a7d269444f17d97-15">[15]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72859645" class="extiw" title="d:Q72859645">Associate Fellow of the African Academy of Sciences</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Associate Fellow of the African Academy of Sciences |]] (<time datetime="1987">1987</time>)<a href="#cite_note-fd68821c8efc4bbe61a58e9d0cf52f8a-16">[16]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7040271" class="extiw" title="d:Q7040271">Grand Cross of the Order of Excellence</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Grand Cross of the Order of Excellence (Highest grade of the Pakistani Order of Excellence)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3885294" class="extiw" title="d:Q3885294">Order of Independence</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Order of Independence (order of Jordan)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97386404" class="extiw" title="d:Q97386404">İstanbul Üniversitesi fahri doktorası</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[İstanbul Üniversitesi fahri doktorası (honorary title of Istanbul University)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104767284" class="extiw" title="d:Q104767284">doctor honoris causa al Universității din Exeter</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doctor_honoris_causa_al_Universit%C4%83%C8%9Bii_din_Exeter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doctor honoris causa al Universității din Exeter — pagină inexistentă"></a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4287195" class="extiw" title="d:Q4287195">John Torrence Tate Medal</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[John Torrence Tate Medal |]] (<time datetime="1978">1978</time>) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q109595718" class="extiw" title="d:Q109595718">Royal Society Bakerian Medal</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Royal Society Bakerian Medal (English award in physical sciences)|]] <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22000992" class="extiw" title="d:Q22000992">Edinburgh Medal</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Edinburgh Medal (scientific medal given at the Edinburgh International Science Festival)|]] (<time datetime="1989">1989</time>) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17613667" class="extiw" title="d:Q17613667">Marea Cruce a Ordinului Național pentru Merit Științific</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marea_Cruce_a_Ordinului_Na%C8%9Bional_pentru_Merit_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Bific_(rank_of_the_National_Order_of_Scientific_Merit_of_Brazil)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marea Cruce a Ordinului Național pentru Merit Științific (rank of the National Order of Scientific Merit of Brazil) — pagină inexistentă"></a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4287195" class="extiw" title="d:Q4287195">John Torrence Tate Medal</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[John Torrence Tate Medal |]] (<time datetime="1978">1978</time>)  <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189#P166" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#F5F5DC;color:#000000;">Semnătură</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:AbdusSalamBlackpenAutograph.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/AbdusSalamBlackpenAutograph.png/150px-AbdusSalamBlackpenAutograph.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/AbdusSalamBlackpenAutograph.png/225px-AbdusSalamBlackpenAutograph.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/AbdusSalamBlackpenAutograph.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="132" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px ##F5F5DC solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color:var(--color-base, #000); text-align: right;">Modifică <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28189" class="extiw" title="d:Q28189">date</a> / <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&action=edit&section=0">text</a> <a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format:Infocaseta_Om_de_%C8%99tiin%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Consultați documentația formatului"><img alt="Consultați documentația formatului" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/12px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/18px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/24px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16573438">.mw-parser-output .infocaseta{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:var(--color-base,#000)}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Nobel_prize_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Medalia Premiului Nobel"><img alt="Medalia Premiului Nobel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/15px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/23px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/30px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a><figcaption>Medalia Premiului Nobel</figcaption></figure> Abdus Salam (n. <time datetime="1926-01-29"><a href="/wiki/29_ianuarie" title="29 ianuarie">29 ianuarie</a> <a href="/wiki/1926" title="1926">1926</a></time>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jhang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jhang — pagină inexistentă">Jhang</a>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026616" class="extiw" title="d:Q1026616">d</a>), <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> – d. <time datetime="1996-11-21"><a href="/wiki/21_noiembrie" title="21 noiembrie">21 noiembrie</a> <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a></time>, <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anglia" title="Anglia">Anglia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Regatul_Unit_al_Marii_Britanii_%C8%99i_al_Irlandei_de_Nord" title="Regatul Unit al Marii Britanii și al Irlandei de Nord">Regatul Unit</a>) a fost un <a href="/wiki/Fizician" title="Fizician">fizician</a> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">pakistanez</a>, laureat al <a href="/wiki/Premiul_Nobel_pentru_Fizic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Premiul Nobel pentru Fizică">Premiului Nobel pentru Fizică</a>, în <a href="/wiki/1979" title="1979">1979</a>, împreună cu <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Lee_Glashow" title="Sheldon Lee Glashow">Sheldon Lee Glashow</a> și <a href="/wiki/Steven_Weinberg" title="Steven Weinberg">Steven Weinberg</a>, pentru contribuțiile aduse de aceștia în domeniul teoriei unificate a interacțiunilor slabă și electromagnetică între particule elementare.<a href="#cite_note-nobelprizepresa-24">[24]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografie">Biografie</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Biografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">modificare</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Biografie">modificare sursă</a>]</div> A absolvit Universitățile din Punjab (<a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a>)și de la <a href="/wiki/Universitatea_Cambridge" title="Universitatea Cambridge">Cambridge</a> (<a href="/wiki/Marea_Britanie" title="Marea Britanie">Marea Britanie</a>)(<a href="/wiki/1948" title="1948">1948</a>). În anii <a href="/wiki/1951" title="1951">1951</a>-<a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a> a fost profesor la Universitatea din <a href="/wiki/Punjab_(Pakistan)" title="Punjab (Pakistan)">Punjab</a>, în anii <a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a>- <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a>- lector la Universitatea din Cambridge. Din anul <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a> - profesor la <a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial College (Londra)</a>, iar din anul <a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a> -director al <a href="/wiki/International_Centre_for_Theoretical_Physics" title="International Centre for Theoretical Physics">Centrului Internațional de fizică teoretică</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a> (<a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a>). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Creația_științifică">Creația științifică</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Creația științifică" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">modificare</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Creația științifică">modificare sursă</a>]</div> Domeniile principale de cercetare ale lui Abdus Salam se referă la electrodinamica cuantică, teoria particulelor elementare și teoria gravitației. În anul <a href="/wiki/1951" title="1951">1951</a> a dat o analiză exhaustivă a renormărilor din electrodinamica cuantică, a demosntrat renomabilitatea teoriei câmpurilor scalare cu sarcină și pseudoscalare (aplicate la descrierea câmpurilor mesonice) în interacțiune cu <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A2mp_electromagnetic" title="Câmp electromagnetic">câmpul electromagnetic</a>. În anul <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a>, independent de <a href="/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau">L.D. Landau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tsung-Dao_Lee" title="Tsung-Dao Lee">Tsung -Dao Lee</a> și <a href="/wiki/Chen_Ning_Yang" title="Chen Ning Yang">Ch. Yang</a> a demonstrat, că în interacțiile slabe nucleare se conservă paritatea combinată, a înaintat ipoteza <a href="/wiki/Neutrin" title="Neutrin">neutrinului</a> cu două componente. În anul <a href="/wiki/1958" title="1958">1958</a> în colaborare cu <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Clive_Ward&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Clive Ward — pagină inexistentă">John Ward</a> a dezvoltat ideea unificării interacțiilor slabe nucleare și electromagnetice, iar în anul <a href="/wiki/1966" title="1966">1966</a>, independent de <a href="/wiki/Steven_Weinberg" title="Steven Weinberg">S. Weinberg</a>, a elaborat teoria unificată a interacțiilor slabe nucleare și electromagnetice, bazate pe principiul invarianței de calibrare, numită ulterior <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boson#Teoria_Weinberg-Salam%7Cteorie">Weinberg-Salam</a>. Independent de alți fizicieni, a dezvoltat ipoteza <a href="/wiki/Gluon" title="Gluon">gluonilor</a>- a particulelor , ce leagă cuarcii (<a href="/wiki/1973" title="1973">1973</a>), a înaintat în anii ulteriori (<a href="/wiki/1973" title="1973">1973</a>-<a href="/wiki/1974" title="1974">1974</a>) ipoteza marii unificări a interacțiilor- (GUT- Grand Unification theory), care unește cele trei interacții-electromagnetică, slabă și tare nucleare- într-una singură, și care reprezintă la momentul actual avangarda fizicii particulelor elementare, întrucât, doar gravitația nu încape în schema GUT. Salam a menționat în memoriile sale, că se simte influențat de unul dintre creatorii <a href="/wiki/Mecanic%C4%83_cuantic%C4%83" title="Mecanică cuantică">mecanicii cuantice</a> și a electrodinamicii cuantice, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dirac" title="Paul Dirac">Paul Dirac</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Titluri_onorifice,_distincții">Titluri onorifice, distincții</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Titluri onorifice, distincții" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">modificare</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Titluri onorifice, distincții">modificare sursă</a>]</div> <ul><li>Premiul Nobel pentru fizică (<a href="/wiki/1979" title="1979">1979</a>) - pentru teoria unificată a interacțiilor electromagnetice și slabe</li> <li>Membru a mai multor academii de științe</li> <li>Membru al Societății regale de la Londra (<a href="/wiki/1959" title="1959">1959</a>)</li> <li>Premiul "Atomul pentru Pace" (<a href="/wiki/1968" title="1968">1968</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discipoli:">Discipoli:</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Discipoli:" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">modificare</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Discipoli:">modificare sursă</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Duff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Duff — pagină inexistentă">Michael Duff</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Chamseddine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Chamseddine — pagină inexistentă">Ali Chamseddine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Delbourgo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Delbourgo — pagină inexistentă">Robert Delbourgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Gilbert" title="Walter Gilbert">Walter Gilbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuval_Ne%27eman" title="Yuval Ne'eman">Yuval Ne'eman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Moffat" title="John Moffat">John Moffat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Polkinghorne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Polkinghorne — pagină inexistentă">John Polkinghorne</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Clayton_Taylor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Clayton Taylor — pagină inexistentă">John Clayton Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christopher_Isham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christopher Isham — pagină inexistentă">Christopher Isham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_West&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter West — pagină inexistentă">Peter West</a></li></ul> ș.a. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alți_discipoli_notabili">Alți discipoli notabili</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Alți discipoli notabili" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">modificare</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Alți discipoli notabili">modificare sursă</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pervez_Hoodbhoy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pervez Hoodbhoy — pagină inexistentă">Pervez Hoodbhoy</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">modificare</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Note">modificare sursă</a>]</div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-d09ccf7a6da8de517ea53d78bd164eb7-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-d09ccf7a6da8de517ea53d78bd164eb7_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-d09ccf7a6da8de517ea53d78bd164eb7_1-1">b</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mathgenealogy.org/">Genealogia matematicienilor</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Genealogia+matematicienilor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mathgenealogy.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-2926d05bf5fb419a345c77628a6d8356-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2926d05bf5fb419a345c77628a6d8356_2-0">^</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pas.va">www.pas.va</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3Ewww.pas.va%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pas.va&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-e42338826c2cb2eee2a1e3259cd96897-3"><a href="#cite_ref-e42338826c2cb2eee2a1e3259cd96897_3-0">^</a> <cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ras.ru/win/db/show_per.asp?P=.id-52047.ln-ru.dl-.pr-inf.uk-12">http://www.ras.ru/win/db/show_per.asp?P=.id-52047.ln-ru.dl-.pr-inf.uk-12</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ras.ru%2Fwin%2Fdb%2Fshow_per.asp%3FP%3D.id-52047.ln-ru.dl-.pr-inf.uk-12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-ac2248d86b5051130992ece20a2dfc5f-4"><a href="#cite_ref-ac2248d86b5051130992ece20a2dfc5f_4-0">^</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twas.org/">twas.org</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3Etwas.org%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwas.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-99d0463a97deb701aafed3d7caac7e0e-5"><a href="#cite_ref-99d0463a97deb701aafed3d7caac7e0e_5-0">^</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mathgenealogy.org/">Genealogia matematicienilor</a>, accesat în <time datetime="2016-08-08">8 august 2016</time></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Genealogia+matematicienilor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mathgenealogy.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-1bf2f1b68d686376e7db3b7242b3e61d-6"><a href="#cite_ref-1bf2f1b68d686376e7db3b7242b3e61d_6-0">^</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genealogy.ams.org/id.php?id=46565">Genealogia matematicienilor</a>, accesat în <time datetime="2018-10-08">8 octombrie 2018</time></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Genealogia+matematicienilor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.genealogy.ams.org%2Fid.php%3Fid%3D46565&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-6fd4776638caa785744bcdb580b15bf0-7"><a href="#cite_ref-6fd4776638caa785744bcdb580b15bf0_7-0">^</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1dsunM9ukGLgaW3HdG9cvJ_QKd7pWjGI0qi_fCb1ROD4/pubhtml?gid=1336391689&single=true">Award winners : Copley Medal</a> (în engleză), <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Societatea Regală din Londra</a>, accesat în <time datetime="2018-12-30">30 decembrie 2018</time></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Award+winners+%3A+Copley+Medal&rft.pub=Societatea+Regal%C4%83+din+Londra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.google.com%2Fspreadsheets%2Fd%2F1dsunM9ukGLgaW3HdG9cvJ_QKd7pWjGI0qi_fCb1ROD4%2Fpubhtml%3Fgid%3D1336391689%26single%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-af74fe673e276e29eafcac55e5cbe88a-8"><a href="#cite_ref-af74fe673e276e29eafcac55e5cbe88a_8-0">^</a> <cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/about/amounts/">https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/about/amounts/</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fabout%2Famounts%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-acc8cfc84f4a6713144a85e9384fe0c3-9"><a href="#cite_ref-acc8cfc84f4a6713144a85e9384fe0c3_9-0">^</a> <cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1979/">http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1979/</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fphysics%2Flaureates%2F1979%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-d0483ac82e5a86336d7b59df131d3a91-10"><a href="#cite_ref-d0483ac82e5a86336d7b59df131d3a91_10-0">^</a> <cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webcitation.org/6Qspj2Qg3">http://www.webcitation.org/6Qspj2Qg3</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webcitation.org%2F6Qspj2Qg3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-0002475565c1b981ba3d2d372dd15b3f-11"><a href="#cite_ref-0002475565c1b981ba3d2d372dd15b3f_11-0">^</a> <cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ras.ru/win/db/award_dsc.asp?P=id-1.ln-ru">http://www.ras.ru/win/db/award_dsc.asp?P=id-1.ln-ru</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ras.ru%2Fwin%2Fdb%2Faward_dsc.asp%3FP%3Did-1.ln-ru&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-e2b91dc92e60374d8b442f0adbbacfb4-12"><a href="#cite_ref-e2b91dc92e60374d8b442f0adbbacfb4_12-0">^</a> <cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/collecties/archief/geschiedenis/overzichten/eredoctoren.htm#2000%20-%202009">http://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/collecties/archief/geschiedenis/overzichten/eredoctoren.htm#2000%20-%202009</a>, accesat în <time datetime="2017-02-24">24 februarie 2017</time></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ugent.be%2Fnl%2Funivgent%2Fcollecties%2Farchief%2Fgeschiedenis%2Foverzichten%2Feredoctoren.htm%232000%2520-%25202009&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-11f9da87ab69f6efb9c9f7644a554b0d-13"><a href="#cite_ref-11f9da87ab69f6efb9c9f7644a554b0d_13-0">^</a> <cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.gencat.cat/ca/generalitat/premis/pic/">http://web.gencat.cat/ca/generalitat/premis/pic/</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.gencat.cat%2Fca%2Fgeneralitat%2Fpremis%2Fpic%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-33164a4ab91ea637d96625638887c34f-14"><a href="#cite_ref-33164a4ab91ea637d96625638887c34f_14-0">^</a> <cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scientificlib.com/en/Physics/Info/GuthrieMedalAndPrize.html">https://www.scientificlib.com/en/Physics/Info/GuthrieMedalAndPrize.html</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientificlib.com%2Fen%2FPhysics%2FInfo%2FGuthrieMedalAndPrize.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-9d9d11032d9fd9a32a7d269444f17d97-15"><a href="#cite_ref-9d9d11032d9fd9a32a7d269444f17d97_15-0">^</a> <cite class="citation">, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1042167" class="extiw" title="d:Q1042167">Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (ministry of education for the PRC)|]] <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moe.gov.cn/s78/A22/xwb_left/moe_829/tnull_44386.html">http://www.moe.gov.cn/s78/A22/xwb_left/moe_829/tnull_44386.html</a>, accesat în <time datetime="2019-04-11">11 aprilie 2019</time></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3EMinistry+of+Education+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cabbr+title%3D%27Articolul+%C3%AEnc%C4%83+nu+exist%C4%83+%C3%AEn+acest+wiki%27%3E%5B%2A%5D%3C%2Fabbr%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22display%3Anone%22%3E%26%238203%3B%3C%2Fspan%3ECategorie%3AArticole+cu+leg%C4%83turi+c%C4%83tre+elemente+f%C4%83r%C4%83+etichet%C4%83+%C3%AEn+limba+rom%C3%A2n%C4%83&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moe.gov.cn%2Fs78%2FA22%2Fxwb_left%2Fmoe_829%2Ftnull_44386.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-fd68821c8efc4bbe61a58e9d0cf52f8a-16"><a href="#cite_ref-fd68821c8efc4bbe61a58e9d0cf52f8a_16-0">^</a> <cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/abdus-salam">https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/abdus-salam</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aasciences.africa%2Ffellow%2Fabdus-salam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-309d4b8e1380df93e7321e7a8e828abe-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-309d4b8e1380df93e7321e7a8e828abe_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-309d4b8e1380df93e7321e7a8e828abe_17-1">b</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkindi.ideo-cairo.org">Abdus Salam</a>, AlKindi</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Abdus+Salam&rft.pub=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3EAlKindi%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Falkindi.ideo-cairo.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-955a2c00b2f3635b0ae36b0eea9b4319-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-955a2c00b2f3635b0ae36b0eea9b4319_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-955a2c00b2f3635b0ae36b0eea9b4319_18-1">b</a> <cite class="citation">Abdus Salam, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1789619" class="extiw" title="d:Q1789619">Hrvatska enciklopedija</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr>[[Hrvatska enciklopedija (Croatian national encyclopedia)|]]</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Abdus+Salam&rft.pub=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22hr%22%3EHrvatska+enciklopedija%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cabbr+title%3D%27Articolul+%C3%AEnc%C4%83+nu+exist%C4%83+%C3%AEn+acest+wiki%27%3E%5B%2A%5D%3C%2Fabbr%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22display%3Anone%22%3E%26%238203%3B%3C%2Fspan%3ECategorie%3AArticole+cu+leg%C4%83turi+c%C4%83tre+elemente+f%C4%83r%C4%83+etichet%C4%83+%C3%AEn+limba+rom%C3%A2n%C4%83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-b67b4db76170d520596ee688064ac4ac-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-b67b4db76170d520596ee688064ac4ac_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-b67b4db76170d520596ee688064ac4ac_19-1">b</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.munzinger.de/search/query?query.id=query-00">Abdus Salam</a>, Munzinger Personen, accesat în <time datetime="2017-10-09">9 octombrie 2017</time></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Abdus+Salam&rft.pub=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22de%22%3EMunzinger+Personen%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.munzinger.de%2Fsearch%2Fquery%3Fquery.id%3Dquery-00&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-9861fe8eddbbe88becb5206c8bfe0508-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-9861fe8eddbbe88becb5206c8bfe0508_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-9861fe8eddbbe88becb5206c8bfe0508_20-1">b</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/">Abdus Salam</a>, SNAC, accesat în <time datetime="2017-10-09">9 octombrie 2017</time></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Abdus+Salam&rft.pub=SNAC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsnaccooperative.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-ba279da03a828cf3c0cc26ee0d7a8fe2-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ba279da03a828cf3c0cc26ee0d7a8fe2_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ba279da03a828cf3c0cc26ee0d7a8fe2_21-1">b</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/">Abdus Salam</a>, Autoritatea BnF</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Abdus+Salam&rft.pub=Autoritatea+BnF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.bnf.fr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-1359086836a5c5f6f90e64810971cea6-22"><a href="#cite_ref-1359086836a5c5f6f90e64810971cea6_22-0">^</a> <cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lavanguardia.com/vida/20181019/452423198634/una-ciudad-da-refugio-a-los-ahmadis-para-escapar-de-la-violencia-en-pakistan.html">https://www.lavanguardia.com/vida/20181019/452423198634/una-ciudad-da-refugio-a-los-ahmadis-para-escapar-de-la-violencia-en-pakistan.html</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lavanguardia.com%2Fvida%2F20181019%2F452423198634%2Funa-ciudad-da-refugio-a-los-ahmadis-para-escapar-de-la-violencia-en-pakistan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260-23"><a href="#cite_ref-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260_23-0">^</a> <cite class="citation"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16744133" class="extiw" title="d:Q16744133">CONOR.SI</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=CONOR.SI_(authority_control_file_for_author_and_corporate_names_in_Slovene_system_COBISS)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CONOR.SI (authority control file for author and corporate names in Slovene system COBISS) — pagină inexistentă"></a></cite>  Verificați valoarea <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|titlelink=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#bad_paramlink" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-nobelprizepresa-24"><a href="#cite_ref-nobelprizepresa_24-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1979/press.html">„Premiul Nobel pentru Fizică 1979. Comunicat de presă”</a>. Academia Regală de Științe a Suediei. <a href="/wiki/15_octombrie" title="15 octombrie">15 octombrie</a> <a href="/wiki/1979" title="1979">1979</a>. Accesat în 5 aprilie 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Premiul+Nobel+pentru+Fizic%C4%83+1979.+Comunicat+de+pres%C4%83&rft.pub=Academia+Regal%C4%83+de+%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be+a+Suediei&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fphysics%2Flaureates%2F1979%2Fpress.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AAbdus+Salam" class="Z3988">  Verificați datele pentru: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|date=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#bad_date" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> </li> </ol></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Control_de_autoritate" title="Ajutor:Control de autoritate">Control de autoritate</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14065867n">cb14065867n</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14065867n">(data)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CiNii" title="CiNii">CiNii</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01417823?l=en">DA01417823</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/132772817">132772817</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000108825961">0000 0001 0882 5961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n50082126">n50082126</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_Genealogy_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathematics Genealogy Project">MGP</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genealogy.ams.org/id.php?id=46565">46565</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00474321">00474321</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kup19980000086131&CON_LNG=ENG">kup19980000086131</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Australia">NLA</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an52239024">52239024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istituto_Centrale_per_il_Catalogo_Unico" title="Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico">ICCU</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/risultati-autori/-/opac-autori/detail/CFIV046655?core=autoriall">CFIV046655</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNAC" title="SNAC">SNAC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://socialarchive.iath.virginia.edu/ark:/99166/w6tm7d03">w6tm7d03</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/030013577">030013577</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/27596310">27596310</a></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/WorldCat_Identities" class="mw-redirect" title="WorldCat Identities">WorldCat Identities</a> (via VIAF): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/27596310">27596310</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Control_de_autoritate" title="Ajutor:Control de autoritate"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"> <tbody><tr> <th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000); white-space:nowrap; ;"><a href="/wiki/Format:Premiul_Nobel_pentru_Fizic%C4%83" title="Format:Premiul Nobel pentru Fizică">v</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Premiul_Nobel_pentru_Fizic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:Premiul Nobel pentru Fizică — pagină inexistentă">d</a> • <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Premiul_Nobel_pentru_Fizic%C4%83&action=edit">m</a></div></div><a href="/wiki/Premiul_Nobel_pentru_Fizic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Premiul Nobel pentru Fizică">Laureații Premiului Nobel pentru Fizică </a> </th></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">1901–1925 </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Conrad_R%C3%B6ntgen" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen">Röntgen</a> (1901) · <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Lorentz" title="Hendrik Lorentz">Lorentz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Zeeman" title="Pieter Zeeman">Zeeman</a> (1902) · <a href="/wiki/Henri_Becquerel" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri Becquerel">Becquerel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Curie" title="Pierre Curie">P.Curie</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">M.Curie</a> (1903) · <a href="/wiki/John_William_Strutt_Rayleigh" title="John William Strutt Rayleigh">Rayleigh</a> (1904) · <a href="/wiki/Philipp_Lenard" title="Philipp Lenard">Lenard</a> (1905) · <a href="/wiki/J._J._Thomson" class="mw-redirect" title="J. J. Thomson">Thomson</a> (1906) · <a href="/wiki/Albert_Abraham_Michelson" title="Albert Abraham Michelson">Michelson</a> (1907) · <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Lippmann" title="Gabriel Lippmann">Lippmann</a> (1908) · <a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Marconi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Karl_Ferdinand_Braun" title="Karl Ferdinand Braun">Braun</a> (1909) · <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Diderik_van_der_Waals" title="Johannes Diderik van der Waals">van der Waals</a> (1910) · <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Wien" title="Wilhelm Wien">Wien</a> (1911) · <a href="/wiki/Gustaf_Dal%C3%A9n" title="Gustaf Dalén">Dalén</a> (1912) · <a href="/wiki/Heike_Kamerlingh_Onnes" title="Heike Kamerlingh Onnes">Kamerlingh Onnes</a> (1913) · <a href="/wiki/Max_von_Laue" title="Max von Laue">Laue</a> (1914) · <a href="/wiki/William_Lawrence_Bragg" title="William Lawrence Bragg">W.L.Bragg</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Bragg" title="William Henry Bragg">W.H.Bragg</a> (1915) · <a href="/wiki/Charles_Glover_Barkla" title="Charles Glover Barkla">Barkla</a> (1917) · <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Planck</a> (1918) · <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Stark" title="Johannes Stark">Stark</a> (1919) · <a href="/wiki/Charles_Edouard_Guillaume" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Edouard Guillaume">Guillaume</a> (1920) · <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a> (1921) · <a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">N.Bohr</a> (1922) · <a href="/wiki/Robert_Andrews_Millikan" title="Robert Andrews Millikan">Millikan</a> (1923) · <a href="/wiki/Manne_Siegbahn" class="mw-redirect" title="Manne Siegbahn">M.Siegbahn</a> (1924) · <a href="/wiki/James_Franck" title="James Franck">Franck</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Ludwig_Hertz" title="Gustav Ludwig Hertz">Hertz</a> (1925) </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">1926–1950 </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Perrin" title="Jean Baptiste Perrin">Perrin</a> (1926) · <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Compton" title="Arthur Compton">Compton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Thomson_Rees_Wilson" title="Charles Thomson Rees Wilson">C.Wilson</a> (1927) · <a href="/wiki/Owen_Willans_Richardson" title="Owen Willans Richardson">O.Richardson</a> (1928) · <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Broglie" title="Louis de Broglie">De Broglie</a> (1929) · <a href="/wiki/C._V._Raman" class="mw-redirect" title="C. V. Raman">Raman</a> (1930) · <a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Heisenberg</a> (1932) · <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Schr%C3%B6dinger" title="Erwin Schrödinger">Schrödinger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dirac" title="Paul Dirac">Dirac</a> (1933) · <a href="/wiki/James_Chadwick" title="James Chadwick">Chadwick</a> (1935) · <a href="/wiki/Victor_Franz_Hess" title="Victor Franz Hess">Hess</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carl_David_Anderson" title="Carl David Anderson">C.D.Anderson</a> (1936) · <a href="/wiki/Clinton_Davisson" class="mw-redirect" title="Clinton Davisson">Davisson</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Paget_Thomson" title="George Paget Thomson">Thomson</a> (1937) · <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Fermi</a> (1938) · <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lawrence" title="Ernest Lawrence">Lawrence</a> (1939) · <a href="/wiki/Otto_Stern" title="Otto Stern">Stern</a> (1943) · <a href="/wiki/Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Rabi</a> (1944) · <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Pauli" title="Wolfgang Pauli">Pauli</a> (1945) · <a href="/wiki/Percy_Williams_Bridgman" title="Percy Williams Bridgman">Bridgman</a> (1946) · <a href="/wiki/Edward_Victor_Appleton" title="Edward Victor Appleton">Appleton</a> (1947) · <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Maynard_Stuart_Blackett" title="Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett">Blackett</a> (1948) · <a href="/wiki/Hideki_Yukawa" title="Hideki Yukawa">Yukawa</a> (1949) · <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Frank_Powell" title="Cecil Frank Powell">Powell</a> (1950) </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">1951–1975 </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <div> <a href="/wiki/John_Cockcroft" class="mw-redirect" title="John Cockcroft">Cockcroft</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Walton" title="Ernest Walton">Walton</a> (1951) · <a href="/wiki/Felix_Bloch" title="Felix Bloch">Bloch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Mills_Purcell" title="Edward Mills Purcell">Purcell</a> (1952) · <a href="/wiki/Frits_Zernike" title="Frits Zernike">Zernike</a> (1953) · <a href="/wiki/Max_Born" title="Max Born">Born</a> / <a href="/wiki/Walther_Bothe" title="Walther Bothe">Bothe</a> (1954) · <a href="/wiki/Willis_Lamb" title="Willis Lamb">Lamb</a> / <a href="/wiki/Polykarp_Kusch" title="Polykarp Kusch">Kusch</a> (1955) · <a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" class="mw-redirect" title="William Shockley">Shockley</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Walter_Houser_Brattain" title="Walter Houser Brattain">Brattain</a> (1956) · <a href="/wiki/Chen_Ning_Yang" title="Chen Ning Yang">Yang</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tsung-Dao_Lee" title="Tsung-Dao Lee">T.D.Lee</a> (1957) · <a href="/wiki/Pavel_Alexeevici_Cerenkov" title="Pavel Alexeevici Cerenkov">Cerenkov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ilia_Frank" title="Ilia Frank">Frank</a> / <a href="/wiki/Igor_Tamm" title="Igor Tamm">Tamm</a> (1958) · <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Gino_Segr%C3%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="Emilio Gino Segrè">Segrè</a> / <a href="/wiki/Owen_Chamberlain" title="Owen Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a> (1959) · <a href="/wiki/Donald_Glaser" class="mw-redirect" title="Donald Glaser">Glaser</a> (1960) · <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hofstadter" title="Robert Hofstadter">Hofstadter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_M%C3%B6ssbauer" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudolf Mössbauer">Mössbauer</a> (1961) · <a href="/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau">Landau</a> (1962) · <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Paul_Wigner" title="Eugene Paul Wigner">Wigner</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maria_Goeppert-Mayer" title="Maria Goeppert-Mayer">Goeppert-Mayer</a> / <a href="/wiki/J._Hans_D._Jensen" title="J. Hans D. Jensen">Jensen</a> (1963) · <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes">Townes</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Basov" title="Nikolai Basov">Basov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alexandr_Mihailovici_Prohorov" title="Alexandr Mihailovici Prohorov">Prohorov</a> (1964) · <a href="/wiki/Sin-Itiro_Tomonaga" title="Sin-Itiro Tomonaga">Tomonaga</a> / <a href="/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger">Schwinger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman">Feynman</a> (1965) · <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Kastler" title="Alfred Kastler">Kastler</a> (1966) · <a href="/wiki/Hans_Bethe" class="mw-redirect" title="Hans Bethe">Bethe</a> (1967) · <a href="/wiki/Luis_Walter_Alvarez" title="Luis Walter Alvarez">Alvarez</a> (1968) · <a href="/wiki/Murray_Gell-Mann" title="Murray Gell-Mann">Gell-Mann</a> (1969) · <a href="/wiki/Hannes_Alfv%C3%A9n" title="Hannes Alfvén">Alfvén</a> / <a href="/wiki/Louis_Eug%C3%A8ne_F%C3%A9lix_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel">Néel</a> (1970) · <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Gabor" title="Dennis Gabor">Gabor</a> (1971) · <a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leon_Cooper" class="mw-redirect" title="Leon Cooper">Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Robert_Schrieffer" title="John Robert Schrieffer">Schrieffer</a> (1972) · <a href="/wiki/Leo_Esaki" title="Leo Esaki">Esaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ivar_Giaever" title="Ivar Giaever">Giaever</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brian_David_Josephson" title="Brian David Josephson">Josephson</a> (1973) · <a href="/wiki/Martin_Ryle" title="Martin Ryle">Ryle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Antony_Hewish" title="Antony Hewish">Hewish</a> (1974) · <a href="/wiki/Aage_Niels_Bohr" title="Aage Niels Bohr">A.Bohr</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ben_Roy_Mottelson" title="Ben Roy Mottelson">Mottelson</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_Rainwater" title="James Rainwater">Rainwater</a> (1975) </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">1976—2000 </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Burton_Richter" title="Burton Richter">Richter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Chao_Chung_Ting" title="Samuel Chao Chung Ting">Ting</a> (1976) · <a href="/wiki/Philip_Warren_Anderson" title="Philip Warren Anderson">P.W.Anderson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nevill_Francis_Mott" title="Nevill Francis Mott">Mott</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Hasbrouck_Van_Vleck" class="mw-redirect" title="John Hasbrouck Van Vleck">Van Vleck</a> (1977) · <a href="/wiki/Piotr_Kapi%C8%9Ba" title="Piotr Kapița">Kapița</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias">Penzias</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Robert Woodrow Wilson">R.Wilson</a> (1978) · <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Lee_Glashow" title="Sheldon Lee Glashow">Glashow</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salam</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steven_Weinberg" title="Steven Weinberg">Weinberg</a> (1979) · <a href="/wiki/James_Cronin" class="mw-redirect" title="James Cronin">Cronin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Val_Logsdon_Fitch" title="Val Logsdon Fitch">Fitch</a> (1980) · <a href="/wiki/Nicolaas_Bloembergen" title="Nicolaas Bloembergen">Bloembergen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow">Schawlow</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kai_Siegbahn" class="mw-redirect" title="Kai Siegbahn">K.Siegbahn</a> (1981) · <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Geddes_Wilson" title="Kenneth Geddes Wilson">K.Wilson</a> (1982) · <a href="/wiki/Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Chandrasekhar</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Alfred_Fowler" title="William Alfred Fowler">Fowler</a> (1983) · <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia">Rubbia</a> / <a href="/wiki/Simon_van_der_Meer" title="Simon van der Meer">van der Meer</a> (1984) · <a href="/wiki/Klaus_von_Klitzing" title="Klaus von Klitzing">von Klitzing</a> (1985) · <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ruska" title="Ernst Ruska">Ruska</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gerd_Binnig" title="Gerd Binnig">Binnig</a> / <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Rohrer" title="Heinrich Rohrer">Rohrer</a> (1986) · <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Georg_Bednorz" title="Johannes Georg Bednorz">Bednorz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Karl_Alexander_M%C3%BCller" title="Karl Alexander Müller">Müller</a> (1987) · <a href="/wiki/Leon_M._Lederman" class="mw-redirect" title="Leon M. Lederman">Lederman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Schwartz" title="Melvin Schwartz">Schwartz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jack_Steinberger" title="Jack Steinberger">Steinberger</a> (1988) · <a href="/wiki/Norman_Foster_Ramsey" title="Norman Foster Ramsey">Ramsey</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hans_Georg_Dehmelt" title="Hans Georg Dehmelt">Dehmelt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Paul" title="Wolfgang Paul">Paul</a> (1989) · <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Isaac_Friedman" title="Jerome Isaac Friedman">Friedman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Henry_Way_Kendall" title="Henry Way Kendall">Kendall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_E._Taylor" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard E. Taylor">R. Taylor</a> (1990) · <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Gilles_de_Gennes" title="Pierre-Gilles de Gennes">de Gennes</a> (1991) · <a href="/wiki/Georges_Charpak" title="Georges Charpak">Charpak</a> (1992) · <a href="/wiki/Russell_Alan_Hulse" title="Russell Alan Hulse">Hulse</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hooton_Taylor,_Jr." title="Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr.">J. Taylor</a> (1993) · <a href="/wiki/Bertram_Brockhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Bertram Brockhouse">Brockhouse</a> / <a href="/wiki/Clifford_Shull" class="mw-redirect" title="Clifford Shull">Shull</a> (1994) · <a href="/wiki/Martin_Lewis_Perl" title="Martin Lewis Perl">Perl</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Reines" title="Frederick Reines">Reines</a> (1995) · <a href="/wiki/David_Lee" class="mw-redirect" title="David Lee">D. Lee</a> / <a href="/wiki/Douglas_D._Osheroff" class="mw-redirect" title="Douglas D. Osheroff">Osheroff</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Coleman_Richardson" title="Robert Coleman Richardson">R.Richardson</a> (1996) · <a href="/wiki/Steven_Chu" title="Steven Chu">Chu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Claude_Cohen-Tannoudji" title="Claude Cohen-Tannoudji">Cohen-Tannoudji</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Daniel_Phillips" title="William Daniel Phillips">Phillips</a> (1997) · <a href="/wiki/Robert_Betts_Laughlin" title="Robert Betts Laughlin">Laughlin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Horst_Ludwig_St%C3%B6rmer" title="Horst Ludwig Störmer">Störmer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Daniel_C._Tsui" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel C. Tsui">Tsui</a> (1998) · <a href="/wiki/Gerardus_%27t_Hooft" title="Gerardus 't Hooft">'t Hooft</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martinus_J._G._Veltman" class="mw-redirect" title="Martinus J. G. Veltman">Veltman</a> (1999) · <a href="/wiki/Jores_Ivanovici_Alfiorov" title="Jores Ivanovici Alfiorov">Alfiorov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Kroemer" title="Herbert Kroemer">Kroemer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jack_Kilby" title="Jack Kilby">Kilby</a> (2000) </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">2001–2025 </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Eric_Allin_Cornell" title="Eric Allin Cornell">Cornell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Ketterle" title="Wolfgang Ketterle">Ketterle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carl_Edwin_Wieman" title="Carl Edwin Wieman">Wieman</a> (2001) · <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Davis,_Jr." title="Raymond Davis, Jr.">Davis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Masatoshi_Koshiba" title="Masatoshi Koshiba">Koshiba</a> / <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Giacconi</a> (2002) · <a href="/wiki/Alexei_Abrikosov" title="Alexei Abrikosov">Abrikosov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vitali_Ghinzburg" title="Vitali Ghinzburg">Ghinzburg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anthony_James_Leggett" title="Anthony James Leggett">Leggett</a> (2003) · <a href="/wiki/David_Gross" class="mw-redirect" title="David Gross">Gross</a> / <a href="/wiki/H._David_Politzer" class="mw-redirect" title="H. David Politzer">Politzer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Wilczek">Wilczek</a> (2004) · <a href="/wiki/Roy_J._Glauber" class="mw-redirect" title="Roy J. Glauber">Glauber</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_L._Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="John L. Hall">Hall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Theodor_W._H%C3%A4nsch" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodor W. Hänsch">Hänsch</a> (2005) · <a href="/wiki/John_C._Mather" class="mw-redirect" title="John C. Mather">Mather</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Smoot" class="mw-redirect" title="George Smoot">Smoot</a> (2006) · <a href="/wiki/Albert_Fert" title="Albert Fert">Fert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Gr%C3%BCnberg" title="Peter Grünberg">Grünberg</a> (2007) · <a href="/wiki/Yoichiro_Nambu" title="Yoichiro Nambu">Nambu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi">Kobayashi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa">Maskawa</a> (2008) · <a href="/wiki/Charles_Kao" title="Charles Kao">Kao</a> / <a href="/wiki/Willard_Boyle" title="Willard Boyle">Boyle</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_E._Smith" title="George E. Smith">Smith</a> (2009) · <a href="/wiki/Andre_Geim" title="Andre Geim">Geim</a> / <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Novosiolov" title="Konstantin Novosiolov">Novosiolov</a> (2010) · <a href="/wiki/Saul_Perlmutter" title="Saul Perlmutter">Perlmutter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brian_P._Schmidt" title="Brian P. Schmidt">B. Schmidt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Adam_G._Riess" title="Adam G. Riess">Riess</a> (2011) · <a href="/wiki/Serge_Haroche" title="Serge Haroche">Haroche</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_J._Wineland" title="David J. Wineland">Wineland</a> (2012) · <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Englert" title="François Englert">Englert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Higgs</a> (2013) · <a href="/wiki/Isamu_Akasaki" title="Isamu Akasaki">Akasaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Amano" title="Hiroshi Amano">Amano</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shuji_Nakamura" title="Shuji Nakamura">Nakamura</a> (2014) · <a href="/wiki/Takaaki_Kajita" title="Takaaki Kajita">Kajita</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arthur_B._McDonald" title="Arthur B. McDonald">McDonald</a> (2015) · <a href="/wiki/David_J._Thouless" title="David J. Thouless">Thouless</a> / <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Haldane" title="Duncan Haldane">Haldane</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_M._Kosterlitz" title="John M. Kosterlitz">Kosterlitz</a> (2016) · <a href="/wiki/Rainer_Weiss" title="Rainer Weiss">Weiss</a> / <a href="/wiki/Barry_C._Barish" title="Barry C. Barish">Barish</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kip_S._Thorne" class="mw-redirect" title="Kip S. Thorne">Thorne</a> (2017) · <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ashkin" title="Arthur Ashkin">Ashkin</a> / <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Mourou" title="Gérard Mourou">Mourou</a> / <a href="/wiki/Donna_Strickland" title="Donna Strickland">Strickland</a> (2018) · <a href="/wiki/James_Peebles" title="James Peebles">Peebles</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor">Mayor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Didier_Queloz" title="Didier Queloz">Queloz</a> (2019) · <a href="/wiki/Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Penrose</a> / <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Genzel" title="Reinhard Genzel">Genzel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez">Ghez</a> (2020) · <a href="/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe">Manabe</a> / <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Hasselmann" title="Klaus Hasselmann">Hasselmann</a> / <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Parisi" title="Giorgio Parisi">Parisi</a> (2021) · <a href="/wiki/Alain_Aspect" title="Alain Aspect">Aspect</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Clauser" title="John Clauser">Clauser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anton_Zeilinger" title="Anton Zeilinger">Zeilinger</a> (2022) · <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Agostini" title="Pierre Agostini">Agostini</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Krausz" title="Ferenc Krausz">Krausz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anne_L%27Huillier" title="Anne L'Huillier">L'Huillier</a> (2023) · <a href="/wiki/John_Hopfield" title="John Hopfield">Hopfield</a> / <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Hinton" title="Geoffrey Hinton">Hinton</a> (2024) </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16513826">.mw-parser-output .navbox{margin:0 auto 0}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-image[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-list[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-even[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-title[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-image[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-list[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-even[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-title[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}}</style> <div class="boilerplate metadata" id="stub"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></td><td> Acest <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articole_biografice" title="Wikipedia:Articole biografice">articol biografic</a> despre un <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">pakistanez</a> este un <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ciot" title="Wikipedia:Ciot">ciot</a>. Puteți ajuta Wikipedia prin <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&action=edit">completarea lui</a>!</td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Adus de la <a dir="ltr" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&oldid=16099255">https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&oldid=16099255</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categorii" title="Special:Categorii">Categorii</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Fizicieni_pakistanezi" title="Categorie:Fizicieni pakistanezi">Fizicieni pakistanezi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Laurea%C8%9Bi_ai_Premiului_Nobel_pentru_Fizic%C4%83" title="Categorie:Laureați ai Premiului Nobel pentru Fizică">Laureați ai Premiului Nobel pentru Fizică</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Laurea%C8%9Bi_pakistanezi_ai_Premiului_Nobel" title="Categorie:Laureați pakistanezi ai Premiului Nobel">Laureați pakistanezi ai Premiului Nobel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Na%C8%99teri_%C3%AEn_1926" title="Categorie:Nașteri în 1926">Nașteri în 1926</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Decese_%C3%AEn_1996" title="Categorie:Decese în 1996">Decese în 1996</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorii ascunse: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Pagini_cu_cit%C4%83ri_f%C4%83r%C4%83_titluri" title="Categorie:Pagini cu citări fără titluri">Pagini cu citări fără titluri</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Pagini_cu_cit%C4%83ri_de_simple_URL-uri" title="Categorie:Pagini cu citări de simple URL-uri">Pagini cu citări de simple URL-uri</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_cu_surse_%C3%AEn_limba_englez%C4%83_(en)" title="Categorie:Articole cu surse în limba engleză (en)">Articole cu surse în limba engleză (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_cu_leg%C4%83turi_c%C4%83tre_elemente_f%C4%83r%C4%83_etichet%C4%83_%C3%AEn_limba_rom%C3%A2n%C4%83" title="Categorie:Articole cu legături către elemente fără etichetă în limba română">Articole cu legături către elemente fără etichetă în limba română</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Erori_CS1:_parameter_link" title="Categorie:Erori CS1: parameter link">Erori CS1: parameter link</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Erori_CS1:_date" title="Categorie:Erori CS1: date">Erori CS1: date</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_identificatori_BNF" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori BNF">Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori BNF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_identificatori_CINII" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori CINII">Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori CINII</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_identificatori_GND" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori GND">Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori GND</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_identificatori_ISNI" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori ISNI">Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori ISNI</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_identificatori_LCCN" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori LCCN">Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori LCCN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_identificatori_MGP" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori MGP">Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori MGP</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_identificatori_NDL" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori NDL">Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori NDL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_identificatori_NKC" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori NKC">Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori NKC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_identificatori_NLA" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori NLA">Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori NLA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_identificatori_SBN" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori SBN">Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori SBN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_identificatori_SNAC-ID" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori SNAC-ID">Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori SNAC-ID</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_identificatori_SUDOC" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori SUDOC">Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori SUDOC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_identificatori_VIAF" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori VIAF">Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori VIAF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_identificatori_WorldCat-VIAF" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori WorldCat-VIAF">Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori WorldCat-VIAF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_control_de_autoritate" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu control de autoritate">Articole Wikipedia cu control de autoritate</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Cioturi_Biografii_Pakistanezi" title="Categorie:Cioturi Biografii Pakistanezi">Cioturi Biografii Pakistanezi</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ultima editare a paginii a fost efectuată la 15 februarie 2024, ora 03:59.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Acest text este disponibil sub licența <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ro">Creative Commons cu atribuire și distribuire în condiții identice</a>; pot exista și clauze suplimentare. Vedeți detalii la <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Termenii de utilizare</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Politica de confidențialitate</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Despre">Despre Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Termeni">Termeni</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Cod de conduită</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Dezvoltatori</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ro.wikipedia.org">Statistici</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Declarație cookie</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ro.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Versiune mobilă</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-zdzzs","wgBackendResponseTime":206,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"2.660","walltime":"4.194","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3350,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":333020,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":113249,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":11,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":13,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":78226,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 4012.075 1 -total"," 93.82% 3764.249 1 Format:Infocaseta_Om_de_știință"," 31.93% 1281.141 8 Format:Listă_de_la_Wikidata"," 31.90% 1279.946 1 Format:Listă_cu_timp_de_la_Wikidata"," 2.90% 116.519 1 Format:Date_biografice"," 1.61% 64.472 1 Format:Premiul_Nobel_pentru_Fizică"," 1.54% 61.660 1 Format:Casetă_de_navigare_simplă"," 0.89% 35.753 1 Format:Control_de_autoritate"," 0.65% 25.944 2 Format:Valoare_unică_de_la_Wikidata"," 0.31% 12.543 118 Format:Nowrap"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"2.354","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6120264,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-profile":[["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getEntityStatements","1860","77.5"],["?","160","6.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::preprocess","60","2.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getSiteLinkPageName","60","2.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getReferencedEntityId","60","2.5"],["pcall","60","2.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","40","1.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","40","1.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getDescription","20","0.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","20","0.8"],["[others]","20","0.8"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-8d7444bdb-fbjgb","timestamp":"20241121063052","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Abdus Salam","url":"https:\/\/ro.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abdus_Salam","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q28189","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q28189","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2008-04-05T19:45:00Z","dateModified":"2024-02-15T01:59:29Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/12\/Abdus_Salam_1987_%28cropped%29.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>