CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91359289abc7fdfb',cH: 'n9Yz73hSwf1sVKpoIRy9UYtTntudYpDy1dPsF2ZKC9c-1739793158-1.2.1.1-Q03oJ.9Z_tZ726.9U0lXdaYxUASaUIImPICJKMXyRo34WPCB.i1GtieEuJclnBaa',cUPMDTk: "\/search?q=audio%20watermarking&__cf_chl_tk=kqd3Y8nW_4iLQEGzXnXA9LBSW86bVReKltjc2H35Ubk-1739793158-1.0.1.1-ZFZYSUomosXgg8zHGlr84jacywIME1z7vGjtZhn54Bo",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739793158',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/search?q=audio%20watermarking&__cf_chl_f_tk=kqd3Y8nW_4iLQEGzXnXA9LBSW86bVReKltjc2H35Ubk-1739793158-1.0.1.1-ZFZYSUomosXgg8zHGlr84jacywIME1z7vGjtZhn54Bo",md: "Ftt3BIhcYff2P5e98_m6wC2q_5bicyz2ZURXgEskQ24-1739793158-1.2.1.1-EYzw1TCxxZlxbXaVt.tRDW54.WTLhPI7FozLCJ7hFKrQW8xejZ.14VDe1ZCs3xHfwSBTbShGIcrqSsExNK0JGCDT7k6uJCcehxGoDXmlfgkpujIv5IxeIjcXCIzELsoPz8M4p1hP_dHnKsEvqOlrGdfmIEfgiSPp6xVoztaT2IAJj9ByjaGHTS3Ef3MIufJna4Qknc74BNcOcq3_qGknR0Q0NliCHjDG7vxnW7zs3nVk1IoCNPkS5lphv0ao5KcJu3YjXml9DUpCsdxNRvioB8jfFf4HasSNwEqA1MsOv12V1pOoyp7YmR2bObS53eDS..Hx2eChxpJYRKq2W9Vn5VgtM.w0UK0JwhIZzx7j46zx.nzM1ZqB9oI26Z0jEk2vcr5VODFiTp7k_t96YKJrp4OoQquoXwe8nf5n_vZdQSLpWbLmP4sikgFPl76sMyCZC.P7tb4SM6iBYEl1kynlhiGau7jKF0B0qYUjM9HYvBHe8y9BdDEXobSgAfPUYKHGOPQ_1vNholQKdMnGopQJ3r2eYX9hG_uAIftp6lYCJ1FpPxFSaZFZLdzPY_gm6p2a4vNjfIgJ0CLz13.tUCiLTnqU6zH5ViwnGiTk2J4efikDeWR92OWcXU3bqag.49TJRZQn6RwjKwGStks3FAYd0mx0GKEVBUHb1WHmzqUuDCAQCsvBhOzGw44rC0olpvjsfCYA9Jh1rhmxFj3vTJ0_5KuUJdtojbXxd7H5EmsJAY3ETP8OkUMXAYAh2S5e8Rg9hBd0KQpjAh4O8.Cy1J3SKFMabitRu701R.bgT7eiaT4HpBbCgigADS75WpvIOYYqu3VAoTkXJV0iEsY63FwVbzc30nGLXz4GbHYoABv3JFuKQAzrWPa00IWcuiVFRgdvKOoMsQY2Y.D0BG0Ps7VhRisCB3CVl0p12nUju1FIQp1ePXabWVumQkII9UfzlBd.Fbpyt2_ltOg5ktzfWSQfXbYd0edpC1_MDJ4cQA2hVHctEO3fyosBJB4tESpS6t1Pokx8uBrMzrJ6.DVEomNb23EYXhrfyp5Bo2AVT55T.W9BSWL31Ghmq9dsPJU5Oc6WawuCvvjxQ9_2T10LlkBpIx_Obe64jElvxyyFx2C8okw9.igT8WW3CsGMLwT.iBwhENMPVNzRjwOgfN1XXP8EtiGgxCb_Dml0uQh78bmJ_vwlncE7nPB2pfxO1uySXE72JjoLegTtD8p2p2FzrK7w1yDT84WeAsoAhoCcuV3ETTHWvcBr7pj.XBa.7szQe24int3WhjAleN226s5rTqohCilg4jC_sYGcmxb9CXIOsPjEPFn_OTZ438wa.dVcyAKLW.mmFiw4Bfq5jLQWgJmzOf82IWDBOWEaQBXMWpCmAymUUJh7MhWtlpHNYyOr8Cr3aVTyQGf9dMbUpUR.j5HmsYwXuYVD7VRsxuStf_U1aPGPyx3kSA1.CPpQTALSUQmPQpFBlhTznswUVhdWFbBnEFh6BXuKMFuUTSv4APz3ZaIux2SWJOXPXlXlXo5wscE9rGtR3bnOH6JLPzaw5SM8JSuL8OzHfNKhcNn4QjuNwT7R8SK29JSGgdwE7tsLG7FHO5K.qHMOADzN.fQQP01Z89Hahfj3VBJD_ctdp_bHtJiV761WNAVjFnCoW9rsm_XDqcu9Lfj8vqGQ5K9alor1AV79mhwSfkE2bj.QR.KEPnoj5qN513n0SnttA9iSs50zgYTB4hxOVai.3vxZM83sH3uG_7V.eNN6vsxwGfcFeYgKY41gnzbhF4EP2ZDu4CmsaO_bnTLZKuyblzuqEHb4LiUxjjfeDMLtx5P6RraF1EenxpJM4LFSs2jnWa0_mcK33_xF8lR1q7eGly6Vxt7BPd5Yd8hSSU2U6ITpv7PGrIVPy10K5mTblkHI5OOVHvag_kvn1E2nzgiHezenVIGdhQ",mdrd: "FOCq8G.MVDjlm7Tl7TDSNYWqq7qFngSAigQKgg_RwmM-1739793158-1.2.1.1-a2dFnY_5FKMt5bFPQ6cFxkpGmYjjYo67TBAGRmmaMnj4ejzy5vuMLilLVQxgRCCrMV8Rt92Q4OgtH7hKMvujX4aaZtWOjLxEnOf1IOrSrZSvUYYd_G_138z8oEeqG8whQHSX5nLncO.wDGMMLkcgm2hoROWKDnh9Qxiklhj_n7K1fdrQq2jGib2lgRD_p1kuRSw9K4eXmRB3RSO_x7qFs7kXh6MLuzUwYe26Mj33hBTZ0vOeof5zxZMXVGYlN5MLXi4A0EhHY_0EGwPrCrYUM_gVIkN7n_l43JCeoDAXQcFwSexL14Tb3aqa1mavs6Li1JyjMx1KrdPBSjw7eoPMuM76OkfEMXQwtorpz5tBOgPX4SwvFByvQLDQiVYNUiPPPnr54eWPvxStTB9GCp4d9JFtX8FkLulm1hjd0wM_yqWqTFi1Ctz.V79vbLv8GXN3TVcOa3g24L4MHWZGQ_sN5i9nLa0IsQyT2eboI0_qMFa3oxqKeHwkm8tJ8pkdN7KVWKN0vFnyxlQIzgpIPnAulSCAQeNne2YaC4d2qSfoJckvmJxSnIoidA8YKBoDsEj7YN14xfhLJFe_GiSEZsNST8tSOqvzK63dt3U_sujknWZ9qMuUt7B6jaCfp4XBeDrsvfTyiDEuPOn3.frAPczG8g2jTaGAJ8QYb6y1zLEHCcxBIzSvLmUtpvTUJCf_yw6XcqoSToDVL48jXO7Oxu40.4zrupLT91VWcPegWehgqAzfLPmLBw_YBmdTxDlf_5SjBWkLnEVS77lQ8oJtJxDHRVM8ZfKp1D_p_afjRQZUCXktmXFII6z5dDFisB8yRlmm2U1vypX.IL2cvLGDIHq_2n7hHXdTPBEUTnsXt7ls9_7lK1qD9Z9kdsAScMQKso649S6P2RIhAvqh.7Ck9mDFmvMEtJPQi5OYKvH7XdouIJF.GsLsYou.P8JrxJNjAeVc7ztCIjFgvx1YMXT8s4r0SSPf5J5sjzlZE486WshVfYOxi9lR_2qFWqhe9UiI.bn4dM4MDdu2RCuRr2uuOmXYaSUtMDbyBKwPl3W65SN_HspsHRF56PbPeaHs0jBDnPnG6BWm_rjtdHl_3yTc0lHVWdlqd9PhueEGhpo0H_i85m6iB1LmAAiHc_wqdOUe.clYwcn_E_sX1MvvgBdxdWJV_jqyZDw1AJkxLSOkOhCQmiMsNYXWOs7sCKzS.HJxXAJwO96_2m3VUW5r2bF7CNiZPTuU4Xy8GbL.k.L0y.xs_4g5HSHTkYD5OruX37GcYwJV_bKYt4IbqGlJB3K.9Dkq0djHIJAkj6PRbSn09ASzXLADtLKTYgu.6FgKXySe5dzDKercorh1amm8pNYlIDNR6M.Z.fxOVmDAeXU3CK7SNVB4rM68TJJqA7MQsCgRrHwun5PE2Kyd.S5MtfptFMGaQBbCdgQbGPd0Bjh84z29WUE6WXu5vDk4p5nkNxHpPFQ9_lcJaoiRLX4v0rpUKvGJTX2cW444nLWNkAsfwfkceiLVfv.vQMjmm6jpWR6OrZXPDCGfMhUUQdtMHFeC4zVKj6dJE5uf_NYKnMcd0Bn00hJsioG0AJMltN5ga3yRYH0gxZe0_8lk7qCtUIP5WJSIWUjv3mbovyyi6YP281TvXtPF99Cb_BuVMLnv4Yxk0BAhmUSp5Hr_q7xflr7rukt75oS2AnJa_EeF9qyi.yJpdDcDekastj4HbSudP6w899nk8JHoxI9FyklFHKhNCzgU2q3bCVaqrALbcjLPyt.uoD6r1U5r_IVMU4PGSzkAEWkMJH0dNN9oAsbF62_TMlh7qTFdJkLP49AQDZc_cpe5BXlJcF8GRpog6iuJyFGvhpbul0PShSln1lG3fB1lXrPciD.vnVSfx7uYE2F9d5.QQeLijdE216ZmSUXVL0kd6yT.P8vWajANGYBc_YTOPwMtqyFyq2oxfTot6XnhnQVx10q6Dnhl8hwYL.HcsBPErsCM"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91359289abc7fdfb';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/search?q=audio%20watermarking&__cf_chl_rt_tk=kqd3Y8nW_4iLQEGzXnXA9LBSW86bVReKltjc2H35Ubk-1739793158-1.0.1.1-ZFZYSUomosXgg8zHGlr84jacywIME1z7vGjtZhn54Bo" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>