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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Debate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types_of_cornbread" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types_of_cornbread"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Types of cornbread</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Types_of_cornbread-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Types of cornbread subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Types_of_cornbread-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Baked" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baked"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Baked</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baked-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Skillet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skillet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Skillet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skillet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crackling_bread" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crackling_bread"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Crackling bread</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crackling_bread-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corn_pone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corn_pone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Corn pone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Corn_pone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hot_water_cornbread" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hot_water_cornbread"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Hot water cornbread</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hot_water_cornbread-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Johnnycakes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Johnnycakes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Johnnycakes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Johnnycakes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hushpuppies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hushpuppies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Hushpuppies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hushpuppies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fried" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fried"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Fried</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fried-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_and_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_and_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes and references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_and_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " 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Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mieliebrood" title="Mieliebrood – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mieliebrood" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B2_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="خبز الذرة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خبز الذرة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%DA%86%D8%A4%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="قارغیدالی چؤرگی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قارغیدالی چؤرگی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maisbrot" title="Maisbrot – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Maisbrot" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornbread" title="Cornbread – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cornbread" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornbread" title="Cornbread – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Cornbread" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B0%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="نان ذرت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نان ذرت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain_de_ma%C3%AFs" title="Pain de maïs – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pain de maïs" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornbread" title="Cornbread – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cornbread" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%98%EB%B8%8C%EB%A0%88%EB%93%9C" title="콘브레드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="콘브레드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BA%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D6%81" title="Եգիպտացորենի հաց – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Եգիպտացորենի հաց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%9D_%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%A1" title="לחם תירס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לחם תירס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roti_jagung" title="Roti jagung – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Roti jagung" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D8%B1%D9%87" title="عيش الذره – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عيش الذره" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%96%E3%83%AC%E3%83%83%E3%83%89" title="コーンブレッド – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コーンブレッド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornbread" title="Cornbread – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cornbread" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B1" title="Кукурузный хлеб – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кукурузный хлеб" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buk%C3%AB_misri" title="Bukë misri – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bukë misri" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornbread" title="Cornbread – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Cornbread" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majsbr%C3%B6d" title="Majsbröd – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Majsbröd" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%8E%E1%8E%B7_%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%9A" title="ᏎᎷ ᎦᏚ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏎᎷ ᎦᏚ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1x%C3%A2honoo%27o" title="Táxâhonoo'o – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Táxâhonoo'o" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1nh_m%C3%AC_b%E1%BA%AFp" title="Bánh mì bắp – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bánh mì bắp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B2%9F%E7%B1%B3%E5%8C%85" title="粟米包 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="粟米包" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li 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.hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Cornbread_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Cornbread (disambiguation)">Cornbread (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hrecipe adr"><caption class="infobox-title fn"><span>Cornbread</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Skillet_cornbread_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Skillet_cornbread_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-Skillet_cornbread_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Skillet_cornbread_%28cropped%29.jpg/375px-Skillet_cornbread_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Skillet_cornbread_%28cropped%29.jpg/500px-Skillet_cornbread_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="691" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding-bottom:0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;">Skillet cornbread</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Quick_bread" title="Quick bread">Quick bread</a></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data country-name">United States</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Region or state</th><td class="infobox-data region"><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">Southeast Woodlands</a></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Created by</th><td class="infobox-data author"><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Southeastern_Woodlands" title="Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands">Native Americans</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Main ingredients</th><td class="infobox-data ingredient"><a href="/wiki/Cornmeal" title="Cornmeal">Cornmeal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baking_powder" title="Baking powder">baking powder</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Variations</th><td class="infobox-data">Baked cornbread, Cracklin' bread, <a href="/wiki/Corn_pone" class="mw-redirect" title="Corn pone">Corn pone</a>, Hot water cornbread, <a href="/wiki/Johnnycakes" class="mw-redirect" title="Johnnycakes">Johnnycakes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hushpuppy" title="Hushpuppy">Hushpuppies</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:0.25em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/16px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/24px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/32px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Cornbread_(disambiguation)" class="extiw" title="b:Cookbook:Cornbread (disambiguation)">Cookbook: Cornbread</a></li><li> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cornbread" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Cornbread">Media: Cornbread</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Cornbread</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Quick_bread" title="Quick bread">quick bread</a> made with <a href="/wiki/Cornmeal" title="Cornmeal">cornmeal</a>, associated with the <a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="Cuisine of the Southern United States">cuisine of the Southern United States</a>, with origins in <a href="/wiki/Native_American_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American cuisine">Native American cuisine</a>. It is an example of <a href="/wiki/Batter_bread" title="Batter bread">batter bread</a>. Dumplings and pancakes made with finely ground cornmeal are staple foods of the <a href="/wiki/Hopi" title="Hopi">Hopi</a> people in Arizona.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Hidatsa" title="Hidatsa">Hidatsa</a> people of the Upper Midwest call baked cornbread <i>naktsi</i>, while the <a href="/wiki/Choctaw" title="Choctaw">Choctaw</a> people of the Southeast call it <i>bvnaha</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Cherokee" title="Cherokee">Cherokee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seneca_people" title="Seneca people">Seneca</a> tribes enrich the basic batter, adding <a href="/wiki/Chestnuts" class="mw-redirect" title="Chestnuts">chestnuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sunflower_seeds" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunflower seeds">sunflower seeds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apples" class="mw-redirect" title="Apples">apples</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Berries" class="mw-redirect" title="Berries">berries</a>, and sometimes combine it with beans or potatoes.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Modern versions of cornbread are usually <a href="/wiki/Leavening_agent" title="Leavening agent">leavened</a> by <a href="/wiki/Baking_powder" title="Baking powder">baking powder</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornbread&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dunkin-Donuts-Corn-Muffin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Dunkin-Donuts-Corn-Muffin.jpg/250px-Dunkin-Donuts-Corn-Muffin.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Dunkin-Donuts-Corn-Muffin.jpg/375px-Dunkin-Donuts-Corn-Muffin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Dunkin-Donuts-Corn-Muffin.jpg/500px-Dunkin-Donuts-Corn-Muffin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3030" data-file-height="2880" /></a><figcaption>Cornbread, prepared as a muffin</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Native people in the Americas</a> began using corn (<a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">maize</a>) and ground corn as food thousands of years<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> before Europeans arrived in the New World.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> First domesticated in Mexico around six thousand years ago, corn was introduced to what is now the United States between three thousand and one thousand years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-Wallach2015_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wallach2015-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Native cooks developed a number of recipes based on corn, including cornbread, that were later adopted by European settlers and enslaved African people—especially those who lived in Southern colonies. </p><p>Although Native people in the Americas first cultivated corn, it was introduced in West Africa by European traders shortly after contact through the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Atlantic slave trade">Atlantic slave trade</a>, and quickly became a major staple in African cooking.<sup id="cite_ref-Wallach2015_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wallach2015-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cornbread dishes like <i>kush</i>, for example, in <a href="/wiki/Senegambia" title="Senegambia">Senegambia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sahel" title="Sahel">the Sahel</a> represent the transference of cuisine and culture that occurred across the Atlantic Ocean.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cornbread has become a cuisine cornerstone within the southeastern United States as well as being featured on the plates of African Americans, European Americans, and Native people alike.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In its earliest developments in the American colonies, cornbread was a simple combination of ground cornmeal and water that was then stirred together and baked over an open fire or in a hearth.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At this point in its history, cornbread's role in Southern cuisine emerged out of necessity. Although farmers in the Northeast and Midwest could grow wheat and rye, the heat and humidity of the South made European wheat wither and turn rancid.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Debate">Debate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornbread&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Debate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 18th century, the addition of other ingredients, such as <a href="/wiki/Buttermilk" title="Buttermilk">buttermilk</a>, eggs, <a href="/wiki/Sodium_bicarbonate" title="Sodium bicarbonate">baking soda</a>, baking powder, and pork products (rendered bacon and ham hog fat), greatly changed the texture and flavor of earlier iterations of cornbread, making it much more similar to the version that is eaten today.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although those ingredients were introduced in the 19th century to improve the texture and taste of cornbread, there are two other common ingredients that were excluded from most recipes until the 20th century: sugar and wheat flour.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As traditional stone mills were replaced with more-efficient steel roller mills in the 20th century, the quality of cornmeal was degraded. The heat from the steel rollers detracted from the corn kernel's natural sweetness and flavor and reduced the particle size of the cornmeal produced.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, newer cornbread recipes adapted, adding sugar and wheat flour to compensate for the reduced sweetness and structural integrity of the cornmeal. In addition, the introduction of steel roller mills ushered in a new look to cornmeal; the new cornmeal tended to be yellow, whereas the old-fashioned stone-ground cornmeal in the coastal South had been traditionally white. Following the proliferation of the more finely-ground yellow cornmeal, debates arose surrounding sweet vs. savory cornbread and white vs. yellow cornmeal—debates which still occur among cornbread eaters and cookers today. The importance of these differences for some cooks and eaters cannot be overstated; in 1950, for example, Francine J. Parr of Houma, Louisiana, posted a desperate headline in the <i>Times-Picayune</i>, "Who's Got Coarse Grits?," further explaining, "The only grits we can get is very fine and no better than mush. In short, I'm advertising for some grocer or other individual selling coarse grits to drop me a line."<sup id="cite_ref-:4_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like Parr, some Southerners still prefer the traditional white cornmeal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_of_cornbread">Types of cornbread</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornbread&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Types of cornbread"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cornbread is a popular item in <a href="/wiki/Southern_cooking" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern cooking">Southern cooking</a> and is enjoyed by many people for its texture and aroma. Cornbread can be baked, fried, or (rarely) steamed. Steamed cornbread is mushy, chewier, and more like cornmeal <a href="/wiki/Pudding" title="Pudding">pudding</a> than what most consider to be traditional cornbread. Cornbread can also be baked into corn cakes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Baked">Baked</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornbread&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Baked"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BlueCornbread.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/BlueCornbread.JPG/220px-BlueCornbread.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/BlueCornbread.JPG/330px-BlueCornbread.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/BlueCornbread.JPG/440px-BlueCornbread.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2339" data-file-height="1872" /></a><figcaption>Home-baked cornbread made with <a href="/wiki/Blue_corn" title="Blue corn">blue cornmeal</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Cornbread is a common bread in <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> cuisine, particularly associated with the South and Southwest, as well as being a traditional staple for populations where <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a> flour was more expensive. Cornbread, especially leftovers, can be eaten as a <a href="/wiki/Breakfast" title="Breakfast">breakfast</a>. It is also widely eaten with <a href="/wiki/Barbecue" title="Barbecue">barbecue</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chili_con_carne" title="Chili con carne">chili con carne</a>. In parts of the Southern and Southwestern United States, cornbread, accompanied by <a href="/wiki/Pinto_bean" title="Pinto bean">pinto beans</a>, has been a common lunch for many people. It is still a common side dish for many <a href="/wiki/Supper" title="Supper">suppers</a>, often served with <a href="/wiki/Butter" title="Butter">butter</a>. Cornbread crumbs are also used in some poultry stuffings or dressing as it is called; cornbread stuffing is particularly associated with <a href="/wiki/Thanksgiving" title="Thanksgiving">Thanksgiving</a> turkeys. </p><p>In the United States, northern and southern cornbread are different because they generally use different types of corn meal and varying degrees of sugar and eggs.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Southern cornbread has traditionally been made with little or no sugar and smaller amounts of flour (or no flour), with northern cornbread being sweeter and more cake-like. Southern cornbread traditionally used white cornmeal and buttermilk. Other ingredients such as <a href="/wiki/Pork_rind#Cracklings" title="Pork rind">pork rinds</a> are sometimes used. Cornbread is occasionally crumbled and served with cold milk or clabber (buttermilk), similar to cold cereal. In <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexican</a> influence has spawned a hearty cornbread made with fresh or creamed corn kernels and <a href="/wiki/Jalape%C3%B1o" title="Jalapeño">jalapeño</a> peppers and topped with shredded cheese. Cornbread is typically eaten with <a href="/wiki/Molasses" title="Molasses">molasses</a> in the southern states and with <a href="/wiki/Butter" title="Butter">butter</a> and honey in the northern states of America. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Skillet">Skillet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornbread&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Skillet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yellow_cornbread.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Yellow_cornbread.jpg/220px-Yellow_cornbread.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Yellow_cornbread.jpg/330px-Yellow_cornbread.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Yellow_cornbread.jpg/440px-Yellow_cornbread.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1656" data-file-height="1502" /></a><figcaption>Pan-baked Southern-style cornbread, made with yellow cornmeal.</figcaption></figure><p>Skillet-fried or skillet-baked cornbread (often simplified to cornbread or skillet bread) is a traditional staple in the rural United States, especially in the South. This involves heating <a href="/wiki/Bacon" title="Bacon">bacon</a> drippings, <a href="/wiki/Lard" title="Lard">lard</a> or other oil in a heavy, <a href="/wiki/Seasoned_pan" class="mw-redirect" title="Seasoned pan">well-seasoned</a> <a href="/wiki/Cast_iron_cookware" class="mw-redirect" title="Cast iron cookware">cast-iron skillet</a> in an oven, and then pouring a batter made from cornmeal, <a href="/wiki/Egg_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Egg (food)">egg</a>, and milk directly into the hot grease. The mixture is returned to the oven to bake into a large, crumbly and sometimes very moist cake with a crunchy crust. This bread tends to be dense and is usually served as an accompaniment rather than as a bread served as a regular course. In addition to the skillet method, such cornbread also may be made in sticks, muffins, loaves or baking pans. </p><p>A slightly different variety, cooked in a simple baking dish, is associated with northern U.S. cuisine. The batter for northern-style cornbread is very similar to and sometimes interchangeable with that of a corn <a href="/wiki/Muffin" title="Muffin">muffin</a>. A typical contemporary northern U.S. cornbread recipe contains half wheat <a href="/wiki/Flour" title="Flour">flour</a>, half cornmeal, <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">milk</a> or <a href="/wiki/Buttermilk" title="Buttermilk">buttermilk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egg_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Egg (food)">eggs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leavening_agent" title="Leavening agent">leavening agent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edible_salt" class="mw-redirect" title="Edible salt">salt</a>, and usually <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a>, resulting in a bread that is somewhat lighter and sweeter than the traditional southern version. </p><p>Unlike fried variants of cornbread, baked cornbread is a <a href="/wiki/Quick_bread" title="Quick bread">quick bread</a> that is dependent on an egg-based protein matrix for its structure (though the addition of wheat flour adds gluten to increase its cohesiveness). The baking process gelatinizes the starch<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="What does "gelatinizes the starch" mean? (March 2023)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> in the cornmeal, but still often leaves some hard starch to give the finished product a distinctive sandiness not typical of breads made from other grains.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crackling_bread">Crackling bread</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornbread&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Crackling bread"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Crackling_bread" title="Crackling bread">Crackling bread</a></div> <p>This primarily Southern dish consists of cornbread with <a href="/wiki/Pork_cracklings" class="mw-redirect" title="Pork cracklings">pork cracklings</a> inside. It can be prepared with any method, but a skillet is most common to make the cornbread crispier. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Corn_pone">Corn pone</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornbread&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Corn pone"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Pone_(food)" title="Pone (food)">Pone (food)</a></div> <p>Corn pone (sometimes referred to as "Indian pone") is a type of cornbread made from a thick, malleable cornmeal dough (which is usually egg-less and milk-less) and cooked in a specific type of iron pan over an open fire (such as a frontiersman would use), using mostly bacon grease, but later, <a href="/wiki/Butter" title="Butter">butter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Margarine" title="Margarine">margarine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shortening" title="Shortening">shortening</a>, or cooking oil. Corn pones are a staple of <a href="/wiki/Southern_U.S._cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern U.S. cuisine">Southern U.S. cuisine</a> and have been discussed or referenced by many American writers, including <a href="/wiki/Mark_Twain" title="Mark Twain">Mark Twain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian Mountains</a>, cornbread baked in a round iron <a href="/wiki/Skillet" class="mw-redirect" title="Skillet">skillet</a>, or in a cake pan of any shape, is still referred to as a "pone" of cornbread (as opposed to "<a href="/wiki/Johnnycake#Hoecake" title="Johnnycake">hoe cakes</a>", the term for cornbread fried pancake style); and when biscuit dough (i.e., "<a href="/wiki/Biscuit_(bread)" title="Biscuit (bread)">biscuits</a>" in the American sense of the word) is occasionally baked in one large cake rather than as separate biscuits, this is called a "biscuit pone". </p><p>The term "corn pone" is sometimes used derogatorily to refer to one who possesses certain rural, unsophisticated peculiarities ("he's a corn pone"), or as an adjective to describe particular rural, folksy or "hick" characteristics (e.g., "corn pone" humor). This pejorative term often is directed at persons from rural areas of the Southern and Midwestern United States. A character in the <a href="/wiki/Li%27l_Abner" title="Li'l Abner">Li'l Abner</a> comic strip, General Jubilation T Cornpone, was a mythical Civil War general from <a href="/wiki/Dogpatch" title="Dogpatch">Dogpatch</a> known for his retreats and imputed cowardice. President <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>'s staffers, who were mostly <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeastern</a> <a href="/wiki/Ivy_League" title="Ivy League">Ivy League</a> elites, openly mocked <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texan</a> <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a> <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a>'s rural speech patterns, referring to Johnson behind his back as "Uncle Cornpone" or "Rufus Cornpone".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hot_water_cornbread">Hot water cornbread</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornbread&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Hot water cornbread"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jonnycakes_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Jonnycakes_01.jpg/220px-Jonnycakes_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Jonnycakes_01.jpg/330px-Jonnycakes_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Jonnycakes_01.jpg/440px-Jonnycakes_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1876" data-file-height="1774" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Johnnycakes" class="mw-redirect" title="Johnnycakes">Johnnycakes</a> on a plate</figcaption></figure> <p>Cooked on a rangetop, one frying method involves pouring a small amount of liquid batter made with boiling <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a> and self-rising cornmeal (cornmeal with <a href="/wiki/Baking_soda" class="mw-redirect" title="Baking soda">soda</a> or some other chemical leavener added) into a skillet of hot oil and allowing the crust to turn golden and crunchy while the center of the batter cooks into a crumbly, mushy bread. These fried breads are typically 3–4 inches (8–10 cm) in diameter and soft and very rich. Sometimes, to ensure the consistency of the bread, a small amount of <a href="/wiki/Wheat_flour" title="Wheat flour">wheat flour</a> is added to the batter. This type of cornbread is often known as "hot water" or "scald meal" cornbread and is unique to the American South. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Johnnycakes">Johnnycakes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornbread&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Johnnycakes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Johnnycake" title="Johnnycake">Johnnycake</a></div> <p>Pouring a batter similar to that of skillet-fried cornbread, but slightly thinner, into hot grease atop a griddle or a skillet produces a <a href="/wiki/Pancake" title="Pancake">pancake</a>-like bread called a <a href="/wiki/Johnnycake" title="Johnnycake">johnnycake</a>. While johnnycake often denotes this pancake-like cornbread, it is also used in a scattered sense as a more general term for cornbread, chiefly in the North.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hushpuppies">Hushpuppies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornbread&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Hushpuppies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hushpuppy" title="Hushpuppy">Hushpuppy</a></div><p>A thicker buttermilk-based batter that is deep-fried rather than pan-fried forms the <a href="/wiki/Hushpuppy" title="Hushpuppy">hushpuppy</a>, a common accompaniment to fried <a href="/wiki/Fish_as_food" title="Fish as food">fish</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Seafood" title="Seafood">seafood</a> in the South. Hushpuppy recipes vary from state to state, some including onion seasoning, chopped onions, <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">beer</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Jalape%C3%B1o" title="Jalapeño">jalapeños</a>. Fried properly, the hushpuppy will be moist and yellow or white on the inside, while crunchy and light to medium-dark golden brown on the outside. Although Native people ushered corn and cornmeal into African people's diets, African cooks are generally credited with introducing the frying of foods in fats. The combination of Native cornmeal and the African technique of frying, therefore, led to the creation of hushpuppies.<sup id="cite_ref-Wallach2015_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wallach2015-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fried">Fried</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornbread&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Fried"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fried_Cornbread_-_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Fried_Cornbread_-_2019.jpg/220px-Fried_Cornbread_-_2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Fried_Cornbread_-_2019.jpg/330px-Fried_Cornbread_-_2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Fried_Cornbread_-_2019.jpg/440px-Fried_Cornbread_-_2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3023" data-file-height="2935" /></a><figcaption>Collard sandwich with fried cornbread, collard greens, and fatback</figcaption></figure> <p>Alongside other iterations of Native cornbread, the <a href="/wiki/Lumbee" title="Lumbee">Lumbee</a> people in southeastern North Carolina have a unique method of cooking their cornbread. The "fried cornbread" or "frybread" that most Lumbee families serve with meals differs from both hushpuppies and johnnycakes. Prepared with yellow cornmeal, egg, buttermilk, and salt, the cornbread batter is thinly poured into a cast-iron skillet to fry.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As Eric Locklear, a member of the Lumbee tribe and owner of Fuller's Old-Fashioned BBQ, notes, "It's got a crunch around it. I mean, it ain't thick; it don't look like pancakes. It's real thin and crunchy".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the fried cornbread is made, it is typically served with slices of cheese or collard greens. Glen Hunt, owner of Lumbee Homemade Ice-Cream in North Carolina, states, "You know how the old folks like to eat collards? They like to get a piece of cornbread and dip it in those collards and eat it with their fingers".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the article, "As We Cooked, We Lived: Lumbee Foodways," Malinda Maynor Lowery goes on to track the creation of the collard sandwich—a Lumbee special, which features two pieces of fried cornbread with <a href="/wiki/Collard_(plant)" title="Collard (plant)">collard greens</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fatback" title="Fatback">fatback</a> meat. Dorsey Hunt, co-owner of Lumbee Homemade Ice-Cream, notes that "[Lumbee people] just started putting [fried cornbread and collards] together and made a sandwich out of it. ...We made the cornmeal fritters, and just put the collards in between it. Put your fatback meat and chow-chow".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornbread&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/32px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/48px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/64px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ash_cake" title="Ash cake">Ash cake</a> – Bread buried in hot ashes and cinders</li> <li><span title="Brazilian Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt-BR"><a href="/wiki/Bolo_de_fub%C3%A1" title="Bolo de fubá">Bolo de fubá</a></i></span> – Brazilian maize flour cake</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broa" title="Broa">Broa</a> – Type of bread</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_dog" title="Corn dog">Corn dog</a> – Deep-fried, corn-battered hot dog on a stick</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_pudding" title="Corn pudding">Corn pudding</a> – Thick stewed corn dish from the Southern United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mush_(cornmeal)" title="Mush (cornmeal)">Cornmeal mush</a> – Boiled cornmeal pudding</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiffy_mix" title="Jiffy mix">Jiffy mix</a> – Brand of baking mixes</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_breads" title="List of American breads">List of American breads</a> – List of breads from the United States of America</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_maize_dishes" title="List of maize dishes">List of maize dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_quick_breads" title="List of quick breads">List of quick breads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makki_di_roti" class="mw-redirect" title="Makki di roti">Makki di roti</a> – Cornmeal flatbread from South Asia<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%83m%C4%83lig%C4%83" title="Mămăligă"><i>Mămăligă</i></a> – Porridge made out of yellow maize flour, traditional in Romania and Avkhazia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mchadi" title="Mchadi">Mchadi</a> – Georgian bread</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Cornbread_Festival" title="National Cornbread Festival">National Cornbread Festival</a> – Annual festival in South Pittsburg, Tennessee, United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polenta" title="Polenta">Polenta</a> – Italian porridge, usually of cornmeal</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proja" title="Proja">Proja</a> – Type of cornbread – Balkan variant</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soul_food" title="Soul food">Soul food</a> – Ethnic cuisine of African Americans</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoonbread" title="Spoonbread">Spoonbread</a> – Cornmeal pudding from the Southern United States</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornbread&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Notes and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCumo2021" class="citation book cs1">Cumo, Christopher (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ByYAEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT399"><i>Ancestral Diets and Nutrition</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781000176094" title="Special:BookSources/9781000176094"><bdi>9781000176094</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancestral+Diets+and+Nutrition&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9781000176094&rft.aulast=Cumo&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DByYAEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT399&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACornbread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nanawaya.com/post/2018/03/18/baking-bread-the-choctaw-way">"Baking Bread the Choctaw Way"</a>. nanawaya.com. March 18, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Baking+Bread+the+Choctaw+Way&rft.pub=nanawaya.com&rft.date=2018-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nanawaya.com%2Fpost%2F2018%2F03%2F18%2Fbaking-bread-the-choctaw-way&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACornbread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tnxUAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA4-PA70"><i>New York State Museum Annual Report</i></a>. 1910. p. 70.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+York+State+Museum+Annual+Report&rft.pages=70&rft.date=1910&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtnxUAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DRA4-PA70&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACornbread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, C. R. (2007). "Cornbread". In J. T. Edge (ed.), <i>The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture: Vol. 7: Foodways</i> (pp. 152–154). The University of North Carolina Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Teosinte was known in Rio Balsas (Mexico) valley from 9000 BP and was introduced in what is now the United States by the <a href="/wiki/Anasazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Anasazi">Anasazis</a> circa 1000 AD</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indians.org/articles/corn-bread.html">"Corn Bread"</a>. Indians.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 14,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Corn+Bread&rft.pub=Indians.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indians.org%2Farticles%2Fcorn-bread.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACornbread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wallach2015-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wallach2015_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wallach2015_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wallach2015_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGilmer2015" class="citation book cs1">Gilmer, Robert A. (2015). "Native American Contributions to African American Foodways: Slavery, Colonialism, and Cuisine". In Wallach, Jennifer Jensen (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rWuJCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA19"><i>Dethroning the Deceitful Pork Chop: Rethinking African American Foodways from Slavery to Obama</i></a>. University of Arkansas Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">19–</span>22. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61075-568-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61075-568-9"><bdi>978-1-61075-568-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Native+American+Contributions+to+African+American+Foodways%3A+Slavery%2C+Colonialism%2C+and+Cuisine&rft.btitle=Dethroning+the+Deceitful+Pork+Chop%3A+Rethinking+African+American+Foodways+from+Slavery+to+Obama&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E19-%3C%2Fspan%3E22&rft.pub=University+of+Arkansas+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-61075-568-9&rft.aulast=Gilmer&rft.aufirst=Robert+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrWuJCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACornbread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTwitty2015" class="citation web cs1">Twitty, Michael (November 20, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/en/article/ezqaba/a-peoples-history-of-cornbread-stuffing">"A People's History of Cornbread Stuffing"</a>. <i>VICE</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=VICE&rft.atitle=A+People%27s+History+of+Cornbread+Stuffing&rft.date=2015-11-20&rft.aulast=Twitty&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vice.com%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fezqaba%2Fa-peoples-history-of-cornbread-stuffing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACornbread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pinestrawmag.com/a-southern-commandment/">"A Southern Commandment"</a>. <i>PineStraw Magazine</i>. October 28, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PineStraw+Magazine&rft.atitle=A+Southern+Commandment&rft.date=2016-10-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpinestrawmag.com%2Fa-southern-commandment%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACornbread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMelvin2016" class="citation web cs1">Melvin, Robby (December 9, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qUxGaXWWPpA">"The Southern History of Cornbread"</a>. <i>Southern Living</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Southern+Living&rft.atitle=The+Southern+History+of+Cornbread&rft.date=2016-12-09&rft.aulast=Melvin&rft.aufirst=Robby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DqUxGaXWWPpA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACornbread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:3_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLee2021" class="citation web cs1">Lee, Carissa (November 18, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stanforddaily.com/2021/11/18/the-a-maize-ing-history-of-cornbread/">"The A-Maize-ing History of Cornbread"</a>. <i>The Stanford Daily</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Stanford+Daily&rft.atitle=The+A-Maize-ing+History+of+Cornbread&rft.date=2021-11-18&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Carissa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstanforddaily.com%2F2021%2F11%2F18%2Fthe-a-maize-ing-history-of-cornbread%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACornbread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMoss2019" class="citation web cs1">Moss, Robert (June 5, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.seriouseats.com/why-southern-cornbread-shouldnt-have-sugar">"The Real Reason Sugar Has No Place in Cornbread"</a>. <i>Serious Eats</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Serious+Eats&rft.atitle=The+Real+Reason+Sugar+Has+No+Place+in+Cornbread&rft.date=2019-06-05&rft.aulast=Moss&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.seriouseats.com%2Fwhy-southern-cornbread-shouldnt-have-sugar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACornbread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cooks Illustrated Magazine, <i>Baking Illustrated</i>. Brookline, MA: America's Test Kitchen, 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-936184-75-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-936184-75-2">0-936184-75-2</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.paulgraham.com/cornpone.html">"Mark Twain: Corn-pone Opinions"</a>. <i>www.paulgraham.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.paulgraham.com&rft.atitle=Mark+Twain%3A+Corn-pone+Opinions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.paulgraham.com%2Fcornpone.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACornbread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Passage_of_Power" class="mw-redirect" title="The Passage of Power">The Passage of Power</a>: <a href="/wiki/The_Years_of_Lyndon_Johnson" title="The Years of Lyndon Johnson">The Years of Lyndon Johnson</a></i>, pub. Deckle Edge, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0679405070" title="Special:BookSources/0679405070">0679405070</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0679405078" title="Special:BookSources/978-0679405078">978-0679405078</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBurkette2011" class="citation journal cs1">Burkette, Allison (Fall 2011). "<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Stamped Indian": Finding History and Culture in Terms for American 'Cornbread'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i>American Speech</i>. <b>86</b> (3): 321. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1215%2F00031283-1503919">10.1215/00031283-1503919</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Speech&rft.atitle=%22Stamped+Indian%22%3A+Finding+History+and+Culture+in+Terms+for+American+%27Cornbread%27&rft.ssn=fall&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=321&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1215%2F00031283-1503919&rft.aulast=Burkette&rft.aufirst=Allison&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACornbread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGordon2013" class="citation web cs1">Gordon, Steve (January 7, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tasteofsouthern.com/collard-sandwich-recipe/">"Collard Sandwich Recipe"</a>. <i>Taste of Southern</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Taste+of+Southern&rft.atitle=Collard+Sandwich+Recipe&rft.date=2013-01-07&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tasteofsouthern.com%2Fcollard-sandwich-recipe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACornbread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLoweryWood2015" class="citation journal cs1">Lowery, Malinda Maynor; Wood, Sara (Spring 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/26220215">"As We Cooked, We Lived: Lumbee Foodways"</a>. <i>Southern Cultures</i>. <b>21</b> (1). University of North Carolina Press: <span class="nowrap">84–</span>91. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fscu.2015.0001">10.1353/scu.2015.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/26220215">26220215</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145813061">145813061</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southern+Cultures&rft.atitle=As+We+Cooked%2C+We+Lived%3A+Lumbee+Foodways&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E84-%3C%2Fspan%3E91&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145813061%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F26220215%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fscu.2015.0001&rft.aulast=Lowery&rft.aufirst=Malinda+Maynor&rft.au=Wood%2C+Sara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F26220215&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACornbread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornbread&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:American_breads" title="Category:American breads">Category:American breads</a></b></li> <li><b> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/24px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/36px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/48px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Corn" title="Template:Corn"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Corn" title="Template talk:Corn"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Corn" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Corn"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Maize_and_corn169" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">Maize and corn</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Varieties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amylomaize" title="Amylomaize">Amylomaize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baby_corn" title="Baby corn">Baby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_corn" title="Blue corn">Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dent_corn" title="Dent corn">Dent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_corn" title="Field corn">Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint_corn" title="Flint corn">Flint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flour_corn" title="Flour corn">Flour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetically_modified_maize" title="Genetically modified maize">Genetically modified</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_varieties_of_genetically_modified_maize" title="List of varieties of genetically modified maize">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MON_810" title="MON 810">MON 810</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MON_863" title="MON 863">MON 863</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purple_corn" title="Purple corn">Purple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quality_Protein_Maize" title="Quality Protein Maize">Quality Protein Maize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoepeg_corn" title="Shoepeg corn">Shoepeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_corn" title="Sweet corn">Sweet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sweetcorn_varieties" title="List of sweetcorn varieties">Varieties</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waxy_corn" title="Waxy corn">Waxy</a></li> <li>By origin <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia_maize_varieties" title="Bolivia maize varieties">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuador_maize_varieties" title="Ecuador maize varieties">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Italian_maize_varieties" title="Traditional Italian maize varieties">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_corn" title="Peruvian corn">Peru</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corncob" title="Corncob">Cob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_kernel" title="Corn kernel">Kernel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_stover" title="Corn stover">Stover</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Processing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corn_construction" title="Corn construction">Corn construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maize_milling" title="Maize milling">Maize milling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nixtamalization" title="Nixtamalization">Nixtamalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_wet-milling" title="Corn wet-milling">Wet-milling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popcorn_maker" title="Popcorn maker">Popcorn maker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_maize_diseases" title="List of maize diseases">Pathology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BBCH-scale_(maize)" class="mw-redirect" title="BBCH-scale (maize)">BBCH-scale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_allergy" title="Corn allergy">Corn allergy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_smut" title="Corn smut">Corn smut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maize_streak_virus" title="Maize streak virus">Maize streak virus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Maize_production" title="Category:Maize production">Production</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biofuel" title="Biofuel">Biofuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_crib" title="Corn crib">Corn crib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornstalk_fiddle" title="Cornstalk fiddle">Cornstalk fiddle</a></li> <li>By country <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corn_production_in_the_United_States" title="Corn production in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maize_production_in_Tanzania" title="Maize production in Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_corn_production_statistics" class="mw-redirect" title="International corn production statistics">International corn production statistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_popcorn_brands" title="List of popcorn brands">List of popcorn brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Sisters_(agriculture)" title="Three Sisters (agriculture)">Three Sisters (agriculture)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corn_Palace" title="Corn Palace">Corn Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_School" title="Corn School">Corn School</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Field_of_Corn" title="Field of Corn">Field of Corn</a></i> (1994 sculpture)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Cornbread_Festival" title="National Cornbread Festival">National Cornbread Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Corn_Festival" title="Sweet Corn Festival">Sweet Corn Festival</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zea_(film)" title="Zea (film)">Zea</a></i> (film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_maize_dishes" title="List of maize dishes">Maize dishes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Ingredients</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornmeal" title="Cornmeal">Cornmeal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masa" title="Masa">Masa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mielie-meal" class="mw-redirect" title="Mielie-meal">Mielie-meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_oil" title="Corn oil">Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samp" title="Samp">Samp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_starch" title="Corn starch">Starch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_steep_liquor" title="Corn steep liquor">Steep liquor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_syrup" title="Corn syrup">Syrup</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glucose_syrup" title="Glucose syrup">Glucose syrup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-fructose_corn_syrup" title="High-fructose corn syrup">High-fructose</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_perception_of_high-fructose_corn_syrup" title="Public perception of high-fructose corn syrup">Public perception</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-maltose_corn_syrup" title="High-maltose corn syrup">High-maltose</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Soups, stews, <br />and porridge</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banku_(dish)" title="Banku (dish)">Banku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binte_biluhuta" title="Binte biluhuta">Binte biluhuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulz_(food)" title="Bulz (food)">Bulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocolo%C8%99i" title="Cocoloși">Cocoloși</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_chowder" title="Corn chowder">Corn chowder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_crab_soup" title="Corn crab soup">Corn crab soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_pudding" title="Corn pudding">Corn pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_soup" title="Corn soup">Corn soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_stew" title="Corn stew">Corn stew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cou-cou" title="Cou-cou">Cou-cou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creamed_corn" title="Creamed corn">Creamed corn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fufu" title="Fufu">Fufu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginataang_mais" title="Ginataang mais">Ginataang mais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grits" title="Grits">Grits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasty_pudding" title="Hasty pudding">Hasty pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ka%C4%8Damak" title="Kačamak">Kačamak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%83m%C4%83lig%C4%83" title="Mămăligă">Mămăligă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%83m%C4%83lig%C4%83_%C3%AEn_p%C4%83turi" title="Mămăligă în pături">Mămăligă în pături</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mush_(cornmeal)" title="Mush (cornmeal)">Mush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashofa" title="Pashofa">Pashofa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polenta" title="Polenta">Polenta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pozole" title="Pozole">Pozole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagamite" title="Sagamite">Sagamite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suam_na_mais" title="Suam na mais">Suam na mais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugali" title="Ugali">Ugali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xar%C3%A9m" title="Xarém">Xarém</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Tamales</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aca%C3%A7%C3%A1" title="Acaçá">Acaçá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamale" title="Tamale">Tamale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binaki" title="Binaki">Binaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanime" title="Guanime">Guanime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hallaca" title="Hallaca">Hallaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humita" title="Humita">Humita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacatamal" title="Nacatamal">Nacatamal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamonha" title="Pamonha">Pamonha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasteles" title="Pasteles">Pasteles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Breads and cakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arepa" title="Arepa">Arepa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bollo" title="Bollo">Bollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broa" title="Broa">Broa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cachapa" title="Cachapa">Cachapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipa_guasu" title="Chipa guasu">Chipa guasu</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cornbread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_cookie" title="Corn cookie">Corn cookie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_tortilla" title="Corn tortilla">Corn tortilla</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tortilla-based_dishes" title="List of tortilla-based dishes">List of tortilla-based dishes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnnycake" title="Johnnycake">Johnnycake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makki_ki_roti" title="Makki ki roti">Makki ki roti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastel_de_choclo" title="Pastel de choclo">Pastel de choclo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piki" title="Piki">Piki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proja" title="Proja">Proja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pupusa" title="Pupusa">Pupusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloosh" title="Sloosh">Sloosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sope_(food)" title="Sope (food)">Sope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopa_paraguaya" title="Sopa paraguaya">Sopa paraguaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoonbread" title="Spoonbread">Spoonbread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talo_(food)" title="Talo (food)">Talo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tortilla" title="Tortilla">Tortilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totopo" title="Totopo">Totopo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wotou" title="Wotou">Wotou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Fried dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battered_sausage" title="Battered sausage">Battered sausage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_chip" title="Corn chip">Corn chip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_dog" title="Corn dog">Corn dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_fritter" title="Corn fritter">Corn fritter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_nut" title="Corn nut">Corn nut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornick_(food)" title="Cornick (food)">Cornick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_schnitzel" title="Corn schnitzel">Corn schnitzel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hushpuppy" title="Hushpuppy">Hushpuppy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milho_frito" title="Milho frito">Milho frito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nachos" title="Nachos">Nachos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorullos" title="Sorullos">Sorullos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tostada_(tortilla)" title="Tostada (tortilla)">Tostada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tortilla_chip" title="Tortilla chip">Tortilla chip</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other foods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alivenci" title="Alivenci">Alivenci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binatog" title="Binatog">Binatog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conkie" title="Conkie">Conkies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_flakes" title="Corn flakes">Corn flakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_on_the_cob" title="Corn on the cob">Corn on the cob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_relish" title="Corn relish">Corn relish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_sauce" title="Corn sauce">Corn sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gofio" title="Gofio">Gofio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hominy" title="Hominy">Hominy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_smut#Culinary_uses" title="Corn smut">Huitlacoche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenkey" title="Kenkey">Kenkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuymak" title="Kuymak">Kuymak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%C3%ADz_con_hielo" title="Maíz con hielo">Maíz con hielo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maja_blanca" title="Maja blanca">Maja maíz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maque_choux" title="Maque choux">Maque choux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mote_(food)" title="Mote (food)">Mote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinole" title="Pinole">Pinole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popcorn" title="Popcorn">Popcorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succotash" title="Succotash">Succotash</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atole" title="Atole">Atole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_whiskey" title="Bourbon whiskey">Bourbon whiskey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cauim" title="Cauim">Cauim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champurrado" title="Champurrado">Champurrado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicha" title="Chicha">Chicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicha_de_jora" title="Chicha de jora">Chicha de jora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicha_morada" title="Chicha morada">Chicha morada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colada_morada" title="Colada morada">Colada morada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_beer" title="Corn beer">Corn beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_tea" title="Corn tea">Corn tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_whiskey" title="Corn whiskey">Corn whiskey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazamorra" title="Mazamorra">Mazamorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinolillo" title="Pinolillo">Pinolillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pozol" title="Pozol">Pozol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tejate" title="Tejate">Tejate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tejuino" title="Tejuino">Tejuino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesg%C3%BCino" title="Tesgüino">Tesgüino</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link 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