CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9135f80a6cba8bca',cH: 'tWBdioVuLc7zraEQXkSrhp.oHtmyjr7.Bl6i8fQI0Pk-1739797316-1.2.1.1-HLy8BpvXlp3.Mj__tGH7VZk7Lyu21XiVJb.IzVDoW2PgEGIZQzQYIOhGhwXASr.f',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Attitude&__cf_chl_tk=74pzhcWzBBogRtQJTWcO9tkLWtcJfXSgD1Wi5KlLTiU-1739797316-1.0.1.1-UFhaqRvVaMGqY6pesWqMAWPUSkcK8W3Gx.ts8z.J5nY",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739797316',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Attitude&__cf_chl_f_tk=74pzhcWzBBogRtQJTWcO9tkLWtcJfXSgD1Wi5KlLTiU-1739797316-1.0.1.1-UFhaqRvVaMGqY6pesWqMAWPUSkcK8W3Gx.ts8z.J5nY",md: "K6WApur8I18LFkrIRgeBVH0KVLLydBISU.ILxAttIf4-1739797316-1.2.1.1-gLzvZQmtppIuTqexk2n2ih0C2d73zBal9Q4LodHGGbKxxOW3cpeET0fHYHmmCX7a0MGdWBje6bmO6rXfSeJmdIcvZyt9eDZTXGbIGZY87Om1_FjrAwHVaTxBvGRfCNDCBFLSGobyNclAI_UIEnOsjjy7Nq2O0mExyAB6ZmgJ5KX7rcUK3svhrs3BynQI67V7Zoz1SVeVCIneSDHSXH4O3_Fz1pjxvXazW2aUMF5HSe2mVoq0r6uX4MNbRHK6gdUXO49v71j7LleRlEUusDmSbfLOFWe3TVpfhq5Z4Ml.R2aIwoVSUevpXTKQwWj7EvKHOFZaFcgLDKFUuC8GVLTpHxR6W4iU73AXH6hqrWbZEDp6RFP1R7ZPwhtU3a1.HEUDkURpIYJcDudDb.GH9Lu2Itt1iciBD3WO.kKbHXjw_6TDAVIZXzPdgyqcFzoG_jqvZGO1CrP.gEIuE3NOok4wMyeh1.gKAS0GshAFIuQfzaLHwaV6YUWuwdtPEIS5YVV6_eyl7qQZ.T4zP46VXXgfeWTcPA7ceDjXPUmq6IUaepqrlkIY7cqLYNPGk5zVBO8Notqo7A4i9lijuRLhmZhel2_.Ppq5bl6qYATyEyRG7MvBywWQDE0HSO7SdqOQn46IMmphpcZXBzsMoY6yZkO5cJYefCXo5yJLTfZhcHdqrvysWt2Q7bxEGwvXvwrzeZ.om1Ve1_T.32MCQwgXqyoHavfdJ6S8SExv04u9gEJUwAFYGXLhcL_4nncL3u5z_7zdjfLOHPmKJHTdENducQsMyNWVLe0elRt_XUk7QEdnixPJHv918Ie3_arp54stxGEaZMPhUFNJISRkQhh6VwOYYe8w89X6yfW76fcG6a_eBQgj7mguZXyt2aIL8p9z1DLvzHpD4tF7gIH6ssBh0_bXKy4LiJOKBAbuJYecxZgiCXvQV0_xs6GDmGglx1BGBIBk8SSxGFsnV4fiB7k75AheM7e.kr9D4wq1OWdYLij55uaZfpJbPJXj0WInCWziZkXcySMeAdlH0AlFT5Ebza0xAAJGEASh9ZC7Qoz87taTORKKny78hW_ryB_MESAYkDO5hqadZ3qbyy7KhpiZFVGE8KRo_MqmY86MO4Ck8relcNjcEH83xXbWvfpXQAj2YKXLjF7IZj6Mx_ReDeK1Cx6oGtdN3pCvOSmBRh_kKMyILvm04.1Vim.qxKN9S6PjQlGIPiHkdcGmwoYCeAAF.UVvKBGn1a78xZGWVn_kJlaekl5W41mkSt1dG3L8ViTFZFy3Kx08In.PyCzJFZlLWIl4jk0O7YuzWD2HeIAYRJB4EvSJ_yPqasdyAJZVTRzoxh9e4WAus3rL2ykiQrhjGPooBIw1ieAhqfVBIwHCEyzd4UnjmGCkb1SZgpqw07DSBf4Mz_hDfkDlL.jKUVh_owJn0tgwgN.xprtJORbAsj.GkQTGKBTIV3wy8l8BraqXOb_kncNJf7KCFDRuqG_hv4oUv4NW6qTM6j0OzFhxv6GJV2pnljCFpXU0jG9gZsmi4jDYPX2rz2jyrUtA.8Y24yFjydn0P9tpvxppy1fgm4Xysm2xuOLHS9hts7hYGOgUtGbncEpfknkU8PGhy.OF57ynwG8OJ9P_cB7ZETcWnP09i_0NmiFCW0LQ0DIK4GjyLZLUDyWml2q9KZLEyTRMzOmCES7iOIrGWXb6rX7hnxe_Wok9vJbSCHj2dgxHoID9tn7KeNcn.1RzI2pFf7bkDiss1fjOIbVi6bNYN1_GnZQQZIEwBbzAJbiZBXVP3W2HMhAme9u1TJb9fCrQn1Zoal0_mHQAoxVok6cl4p67Zyafbs0F1tHC5jm5X3GZeIgZu_YuzTeMZ0GJzpqK3BvCLQ2DLJHChPyRiodW3cNYNqTv4YUV5K1xTjeDOpb.psLx47mZWYKT1HNknCUzw34w73hCng",mdrd: "eUzEIWktgAdTKHBV7cl1HPl_p0GEvYutASyFiVnTkZc-1739797316-1.2.1.1-brcRE5kHPK7v_4qte1WayLoucaNJSzTnV6Ujy8x4X1bUAPwVMfyurxm6iYvRlwMi6to9CPov_r7.j.gJvZxvnKNWUEh1G2tYn5K6J1AmFiun_WHU3sdxUJsIirSPCYAXx7UyZyqAQCTzAf4A98.VWz.Z5EWwvnpxp.Ai9tcLOgLr0ni.wqLdWprHHt.3SBzlJ_TYwevL9VlTko6Eoo.3mry7Vz0s6U16mURiYVxMH8DHUFqZqlSEmpZL1PQi08vKpNbr3cAQ0GlsoxqmK2MrBV0YynJJu3GPmYZ_faPC.toGvsgyhN.6CHRkvg2HakH9i648wQQEpLtwCeOaQ6HZWfBp1oJj2A.LkEVqNxsf_winpd3oNy0TOEQTvg3Zrx.2R2vI8E_Y.75mxbXWLKk0yKvGz6JFDGhNNslLQniMDo2_bL74z1_3sZKZtWidfdlYrbKX5E_GbdO7sNuWFPXX3JIFwpy8g0rbkkHuv5vlcN4Wxz8zfh.I2o625sfBfH1IaEgwok8chwhIkIIC0URsch1onh0reY9DDAwb0U0dKKa.tbdL5psCFxIdzWoe1U4n9_PRQ4G2HCtWLmEh.PDO3d0QFx38bPyjnprTD47GQiUynFSB1R8H8.PmRP0dGq2ZfC1bRSZYPzw1cQ0I..E5cstTRJtVcnm.bVjLr6vtroLi2ueMFCdkCw_vJFuCTnwpFGrFdjiM7xACe9M46jnNI4PR.HxsSWFDFnE2..NF9h7YZvvnI5J8RS7GhXoSN.WF.sZweag5U4wy7b_KiQB1T7CDomx_oiyyUHNzCwfeTYTfzmCjbaKf4LYNp5jh5BAu.srhFhu3mlQKXC_Gkkuu0zpNPSrspUjcyCOcW9iAvcUJ9cTqM5GwAkE1LqVxXzeytDyfIK0lj4BG3U6NFnu05mJy1Asv_jNCzREK_oyHk01wDGxZL9nTPEf6TgiTZTgd5886WRWGdkCLbL5Eq7hTpl0qLGWkr.x3Itb.lH2YoU_S6cZBI50NhKxw0T24yy4KPJ5w24ZeOWtmBguYyV6vb7k9zEukv51i1Xgu_2Ef5xTyvhr3UxhBH73ZCP7NGovxJx_nhbFeBZhGPNn31yNtHPDL9OHQRtdIMQTdV1LsVRbz.jL8rDKOVTLpAoukptR8uL6ASVbslA2pXuQfY0bqZHcyJbydWsWWVkc2sGQ7l7YRSrrWKVA_wl_C4KY3x7ISB1SuwmCWe_JuQTkSOZutCMY9GkDV195mvJrU5yco3zaMHs6HYAcCnSaiPBakjclN93ER47a8aHBkyJkQ0kC9VZljmv0djPLXJwoZtk1rvQSI17bXpoK24lVTdqSbBiPOqCM3H4kI6P6BtNz_aJS3q2TF1mAuiSBWtNIglG5HjS.GiD_q62pbg0y1j6Xvhg4BBYFfseAgvfuuBVNqeO85v8Wekz3jPUW5IsrGRqTFCnrym985MksiRLr4cRFTVIXcr2qyYEyi4FxkyTgAvuTH3zyR54yuaZHdvg4prSrT_oKHXgus_9JB.XpahXW2ro7qasXl00hGFqPRz5HxmzMh1VfuhPDBT6fdXKX0qDhs5sIvhQIJHQt3wdz5dmJDY.RppAaPT_v8F5lvVpa25wDi7JDxMSx2sMZ0P9fGA1sMDNltFff9Bf7xHFkRqAElLAPPxWC_pkTvQPfpIAJ0gNTb.gsiVKaEcPvLi1COWsgqCxUlsYZNkLJvCfkgrL3HFTJ6la4RQQiHljjFNsO2mjLttztSKFI4S.tkZbrE2ItFySGoaTPmemohKcjw30aOH.YkjnMNOMSVJJQFiOLT7A_S57kt0QS9e_35ZEdFwyNVqTo6lCWs0tkMDJozc9ASmx5o66wsDuh5DC5ZFdsUQZGREKuozwRxZ0Locu6g04R1LJK9BUAsMY0XDIJFZLK3sVHds2i7Qa9Tt1FLRCw5Mv98mcnJnOf.tTd0iwQSWasg4rm0BknyzIbRjHU7gi0bJHGGis.QSBxribj2AOhZLlNchg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9135f80a6cba8bca';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Attitude&__cf_chl_rt_tk=74pzhcWzBBogRtQJTWcO9tkLWtcJfXSgD1Wi5KlLTiU-1739797316-1.0.1.1-UFhaqRvVaMGqY6pesWqMAWPUSkcK8W3Gx.ts8z.J5nY" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>