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Redshirt (college sports) - Wikipedia

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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Delay for college athletics sports eligibility</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Redshirted" redirects here. For the kindergarten-related practice, see <a href="/wiki/Redshirting_(academic)" title="Redshirting (academic)">Redshirting (academic)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Redshirt_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Redshirt (disambiguation)">Redshirt</a>.</div> <p> <b>Redshirt</b>, in United States <a href="/wiki/College_athletics" class="mw-redirect" title="College athletics">college athletics</a>, is a delay or suspension of an athlete's participation in order to lengthen their period of eligibility. Typically, a student's athletic eligibility in a given sport is four seasons, aligning with the four years of academic classes typically required to earn a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor&#39;s degree">bachelor's degree</a> at an American college or university. However, in a <b>redshirt year</b>, <a href="/wiki/Student_athlete" title="Student athlete">student athletes</a> may attend classes at the college or university, practice with an athletic team, and "suit up" (wear a team uniform) for play – but they may compete in only a limited number of games (see "<a href="#Use_of_status">Use of status</a>" section). Using this mechanism, a student athlete (traditionally) has at most five academic years to use the four years of eligibility, thus becoming what is termed a <a href="/wiki/Super_senior" title="Super senior">fifth-year senior</a>. Due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, an additional year of eligibility was granted by the <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">NCAA</a> to student athletes who met certain criteria. Student athletes who qualified had up to six academic years to make use of their four years of eligibility, taking into consideration the extra year provided due to exceptional circumstances. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology_and_origin">Etymology and origin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Redshirt_(college_sports)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology and origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Merriam-Webster" title="Merriam-Webster">Merriam-Webster</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Webster%27s_Dictionary" title="Webster&#39;s Dictionary">Webster's Dictionary</a></i>, the term <i>redshirt</i> comes from the red <a href="/wiki/Jersey_(clothing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jersey (clothing)">jersey</a> commonly worn by such a player in practice <a href="/wiki/Exhibition_game" title="Exhibition game">scrimmages</a> against the regulars.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The origin of the term <i>redshirt</i> was likely from <a href="/wiki/Warren_Alfson" title="Warren Alfson">Warren Alfson</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Nebraska_Cornhuskers_football" title="Nebraska Cornhuskers football">University of Nebraska</a> who, in 1937, asked to practice but not play and wore a Nebraska red shirt without a number. The term is used as a <a href="/wiki/Verb" title="Verb">verb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Noun" title="Noun">noun</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Adjective" title="Adjective">adjective</a>. For example, a coach may choose to redshirt an athlete who is then referred to as a redshirt, and a redshirt <a href="/wiki/Freshman" title="Freshman">freshman</a> refers to an athlete in the first year of participation, after a redshirt non-participatory year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology">Terminology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Redshirt_(college_sports)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Terminology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <i>redshirt freshman</i> indicates an athlete who will play in fewer than four games their freshman year. The following year they will be a redshirt sophomore all the way until their fifth year of eligibility, in which case they will be referred to as a fifth year senior. A redshirt freshman is distinguished from a <i>true freshman</i>: a student whose eligibility will run out upon graduation. Sometimes a redshirt junior is called a fourth year junior. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rationale">Rationale</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Redshirt_(college_sports)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Rationale"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Student athletes just out of high school may not be ready for the academic and athletic demands at the university level. Redshirting provides the opportunity, with tutoring, to take classes for an academic year and become accustomed to the academic and physical rigors of university athletics. They may also redshirt to undergo a year of practice with a team prior to participating in competition. In American <a href="/wiki/College_football" title="College football">college football</a>, a student athlete may redshirt to work towards increasing physical size, strength, and stamina during their final phases of <a href="/wiki/Puberty" title="Puberty">physical maturation</a>. Athletes may also redshirt to learn the team playbook, as many college teams run more complex formations and executions than <a href="/wiki/High_school_football" title="High school football">high school teams</a>. </p><p>Athletes may be asked to redshirt if they would have little or no opportunity to compete as an academic freshman, which is a common occurrence in team sports where there is already an established upperclassman and/or too much depth<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="What does &quot;depth&quot; mean here? (April 2024)">clarification needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> at a particular position. Redshirting allows the coaching staff the flexibility to use the athlete in competition for a full four years instead of just three years. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use_of_status">Use of status</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Redshirt_(college_sports)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Use of status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While the redshirt status may be conferred by a coach at the beginning of the year, it is not confirmed until the end of the season, and more specifically, it does not rule an athlete ineligible in advance to participate in the season. If an athlete shows great talent, or there are injuries on the team, the coach may remove the redshirt status and allow the athlete to participate in competition for the remainder of the year. </p><p>The first athlete known to extend his eligibility in the modern era of redshirting was <a href="/wiki/Warren_Alfson" title="Warren Alfson">Warren Alfson</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Nebraska_Cornhuskers_football" title="Nebraska Cornhuskers football">University of Nebraska</a> in 1937.<sup id="cite_ref-Warren_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Warren-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Alfson requested that he be allowed to sit out his sophomore season due to the number of experienced players ahead of him. In addition, he had not started college until several years after graduating from high school, and thus felt he needed more preparation. The year off greatly benefited him; Alfson was All-<a href="/wiki/Big_Eight_Conference" title="Big Eight Conference">Big Six Conference</a> in 1939 and an <a href="/wiki/All-American" class="mw-redirect" title="All-American">All-American</a> <a href="/wiki/Guard_(gridiron_football)" title="Guard (gridiron football)">guard</a> in 1940. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/National_Junior_College_Athletic_Association" title="National Junior College Athletic Association">NJCAA</a> system, use of redshirt may be pointless, as most students graduate in two years. But, the NCAA counts eligibility against any collegiate sports involvement. This means competition in different leagues, such as the NJCAA, <a href="/wiki/National_Christian_College_Athletic_Association" title="National Christian College Athletic Association">NCCAA</a>, NAIA, NCAA, etc will count against one another. </p><p>In January 2017, the trade association for college football coaches, the <a href="/wiki/American_Football_Coaches_Association" title="American Football Coaches Association">American Football Coaches Association</a>, proposed a change to that sport's eligibility rules that maintains the current model of four years of play in five years, but significantly changes the redshirt rule. Under the proposal, medical redshirts would be eliminated, but redshirt status would not be lost unless a player participated in more than four games in a season.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The proposal, which was unanimously passed by the AFCA subcommittees for all three NCAA divisions,<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> was approved by the NCAA Division I Council in June 2018, taking effect with the 2018 college football season.<sup id="cite_ref-Dellenger_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dellenger-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The original proposal was to have been retroactive, meaning that players with athletic eligibility remaining who had played in four or fewer games in a given season would have effectively received one extra season of eligibility,<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> but the final passed proposal was not retroactive.<sup id="cite_ref-Dellenger_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dellenger-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shortly after the start of the 2024 season, NCAA Division I (both FBS and FCS) adopted a change to redshirt rules. The four-game limit now applies only to regular-season games. Conference championship games, bowl games, the FCS playoffs, and the College Football Playoff no longer count against the limit.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Generally, eligibility must be used up within six years of enrolling at an eligible NCAA institution. Redshirts and medical redshirt eligibility deferrals cannot go beyond this six-year period. Although this rule does not apply to other collegiate sports organizations, like the <a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Intercollegiate_Athletics" title="National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics">NAIA</a> where <a href="/wiki/Nontraditional_student" title="Nontraditional student">nontraditional students</a> are allowed to compete. In the NCAA, use of various eligibility deferral techniques can lead to situations wherein an athlete has been an athlete for much longer than four years. Because the NCAA gave a free season of eligibility to student-athletes affected by disruptions brought on by <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">COVID-19</a>, this led to many athletes competing in a seventh season in 2021-2022. One example is Summer Allen of <a href="/wiki/Weber_State_Wildcats" title="Weber State Wildcats">Weber State</a>, whose competitive college career spanned nine seasons. She competed in both the 2013 and 2021 <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Women%27s_Division_I_Cross_Country_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="NCAA Women&#39;s Division I Cross Country Championship">NCAA Women's Division I Cross Country Championship</a>. Her eligibility was extended by going on an 18-month <a href="/wiki/Mormon_missionary" title="Mormon missionary">LDS Church mission</a> that spanned two years of eligibility, redshirting one year, having a pregnancy one year, and losing a season due to COVID.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before the <a href="/wiki/2023_NCAA_Division_II_football_season" title="2023 NCAA Division II football season">2023 season</a>, <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_II" title="NCAA Division II">NCAA Division II</a> followed the redshirt rules used in D-I before 2018. The Division II Presidents Council voted in October 2022 to support a proposed change in redshirt rules for football, which would allow players in that sport in their first year of college attendance to play up to three games without losing a year of eligibility.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> This rule was approved by the D-II football membership at the 2023 NCAA Convention and took effect with the 2023 season.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_colors">Other colors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Redshirt_(college_sports)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Other colors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A special case involves the eligibility of an athlete who loses the majority of a season to injury, popularly known as a medical redshirt. A hardship waiver may be granted to those athletes who sustain a major injury while appearing in less than 30% of competitions and have not participated after the midpoint of a season. For the purposes of eligibility, athletes granted such a waiver are treated as though they did not compete in that season. </p><p>In 2016, a new status could be applied to prospective student athletes, dubbed an academic redshirt. That year, the NCAA started enforcing new, stricter admissions requirements for incoming athletic freshmen. Under these new requirements, a student athlete who meets a school's own academic admission requirements but does not meet the NCAA requirement of a 2.3 GPA across four years, may enter school as an academic redshirt. This student can receive an athletic scholarship and practice with the team, but may not participate in competition. An academic redshirt does not lose a year of eligibility, and may later take an injury redshirt if needed. Finally, as long as an academic redshirt completes nine academic credit hours in their first semester they may then compete in their second year free of restrictions.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>An athlete may also use a "grayshirt" year, in which the athlete attends school as neither a full-time student nor the recipient of a scholarship. The athlete is an unofficial member of the team and does not participate in practices, games, or receive <a href="/wiki/Student_financial_aid_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Student financial aid (United States)">financial assistance</a> from the athletic department. One example is an athlete who is injured right before college and requires an entire year to recuperate. Rather than waste the redshirt, the athlete can attend school as a part-time student and join the team later. This is also used by athletes with religious obligations, serving in the military, or completing missionary work that keeps them out of school for a season. Any eligibility lost during this time is deferred to future seasons. This is commonly used by adherents of <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a>; the church's young men are strongly encouraged to go on 2-year <a href="/wiki/Mormon_missionary" title="Mormon missionary">missions</a>, and young women are allowed but not expected to serve as such for 18 months.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>"Blueshirt" athletes are those that the <a href="/wiki/NCAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NCAA">NCAA</a> does not classify as a "recruited student-athlete". They have never made an official visit to the school, met with the school's athletic employees, had more than one phone call with them, or received a scholarship offer. These athletes are <a href="/wiki/Walk-on_(sports)" title="Walk-on (sports)">walk-ons</a>, but can receive scholarships after enrolling; although they are immediately eligible to compete, their scholarships count for the school's quota in the following year. The <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_State_Aggies_football" title="New Mexico State Aggies football">New Mexico State Aggies football</a> program was the first to blueshirt in the early 2000s; other football programs include <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_State_Cowboys_football" title="Oklahoma State Cowboys football">Oklahoma State</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mizell20140215_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mizell20140215-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>A pinkshirt refers to a female athlete who misses a season due to pregnancy. The pinkshirt is only applicable if they do not compete during that season. Eligibility is deferred to the next year.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Redshirt_(college_sports)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_year" title="Postgraduate year">Postgraduate year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reclassification_(education)" title="Reclassification (education)">Reclassification (education)</a>, repeating a year in middle school or high school to grow physically and academically</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Redshirt_(college_sports)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/redshirt">"Definition of REDSHIRT"</a>. <i>Merriam-Webster</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&amp;rft.atitle=The+NCAA%27s+Redshirt+Rule+Change+Is+a+Major+Win+for+Both+Coaches+and+Players&amp;rft.date=2018-06-13&amp;rft.aulast=Dellenger&amp;rft.aufirst=Ross&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.si.com%2Fcollege-football%2F2018%2F06%2F13%2Fncaa-redshirt-rule-change-eligibility-reaction&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARedshirt+%28college+sports%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncaa.org/news/2024/8/27/di-football-oversight-committees-propose-one-transfer-window.aspx">"DI football oversight committees propose one transfer window"</a> (Press release). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=DII+adopts+football+proposals+providing+more+season-of-competition+flexibility%2C+spring+scrimmage+opportunities&amp;rft.pub=NCAA&amp;rft.date=2023-01-14&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncaa.org%2Fnews%2F2023%2F1%2F14%2Fmedia-center-dii-adopts-football-proposals-providing-more-season-of-competition-flexibility-spring-scrimmage-opportunities.aspx&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARedshirt+%28college+sports%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSherman2012" class="citation web cs1">Sherman, Mitch (May 3, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/college-sports/recruiting/football/story/_/id/7885522/new-incoming-eligibility-standards-create-term">"New eligibility standards on the way: Toughest initial requirements ever enacted start with Class of 2016"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=ESPN&amp;rft.atitle=New+eligibility+standards+on+the+way%3A+Toughest+initial+requirements+ever+enacted+start+with+Class+of+2016&amp;rft.date=2012-05-03&amp;rft.aulast=Sherman&amp;rft.aufirst=Mitch&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fcollege-sports%2Frecruiting%2Ffootball%2Fstory%2F_%2Fid%2F7885522%2Fnew-incoming-eligibility-standards-create-term&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARedshirt+%28college+sports%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGault2017" class="citation web cs1">Gault, Jonathan (November 13, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.letsrun.com/news/2017/11/not-older-brothers-byu-team-cougars-ready-ncaa-moment/">"This Is Not Your Older Brother's BYU Team -- The Cougars Are Ready for Their NCAA Moment"</a>. <i>LetsRun.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=LetsRun.com&amp;rft.atitle=This+Is+Not+Your+Older+Brother%27s+BYU+Team+--+The+Cougars+Are+Ready+for+Their+NCAA+Moment&amp;rft.date=2017-11-13&amp;rft.aulast=Gault&amp;rft.aufirst=Jonathan&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.letsrun.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2F11%2Fnot-older-brothers-byu-team-cougars-ready-ncaa-moment%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARedshirt+%28college+sports%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mizell20140215-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mizell20140215_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMizell,_Gina2014" class="citation news cs1">Mizell, Gina (February 15, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsok.com/oklahoma-state-football-how-deionte-noel-went-from-texas-tech-commitment-to-osu-blueshirt/article/3934197/">"How Deionte Noel went from Texas Tech commitment to OSU 'blueshirt'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Oklahoman</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Oklahoman&amp;rft.atitle=How+Deionte+Noel+went+from+Texas+Tech+commitment+to+OSU+%27blueshirt%27&amp;rft.date=2014-02-15&amp;rft.au=Mizell%2C+Gina&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsok.com%2Foklahoma-state-football-how-deionte-noel-went-from-texas-tech-commitment-to-osu-blueshirt%2Farticle%2F3934197%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARedshirt+%28college+sports%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLarche2008" class="citation journal cs1">Larche, Spencer (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&amp;httpsredir=1&amp;article=1241&amp;context=sportslaw">"Pink-Shirting: Should the NCAA Consider a Maternity and Paterinity Waiver?"</a>. <i>Marquette Sports Law Review</i>. <b>18|2</b>: 7.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Marquette+Sports+Law+Review&amp;rft.atitle=Pink-Shirting%3A+Should+the+NCAA+Consider+a+Maternity+and+Paterinity+Waiver%3F&amp;rft.volume=18%7C2&amp;rft.pages=7&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.aulast=Larche&amp;rft.aufirst=Spencer&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscholarship.law.marquette.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Freferer%3D%26httpsredir%3D1%26article%3D1241%26context%3Dsportslaw&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARedshirt+%28college+sports%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Redshirt_(college_sports)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncaa.org/wps/portal/ncaahome?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/ncaa/NCAA/Legislation+and+Governance/Eligibility+and+Recruiting/Faqs/eligibility_seasons.html">NCAA Frequently-Asked Questions on Redshirts, Age Limits, and Graduate Participation</a>. Note: site requires account to access</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sportingcharts.com/dictionary/nfl/redshirt-freshman.aspx">Redshirt Freshman</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sports.findlaw.com/student_athlete/elig_summ/#redshirt">Findlaw.com definition of Redshirt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150119173416/http://sports.findlaw.com/student_athlete/elig_summ/#redshirt">Archived</a> January 19, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐7g25x Cached time: 20241122141550 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.305 seconds Real time usage: 0.400 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1073/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 28553/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1199/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 47520/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.183/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6129268/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 363.887 1 -total 49.35% 179.583 1 Template:Reflist 31.54% 114.777 6 Template:Cite_web 21.53% 78.343 1 Template:Short_description 12.58% 45.767 2 Template:Pagetype 10.77% 39.177 1 Template:Clarification_needed 9.82% 35.730 1 Template:Fix-span 7.97% 29.000 1 Template:Redirect 6.74% 24.509 2 Template:Category_handler 5.32% 19.348 4 Template:Main_other --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:3882910-0!canonical and timestamp 20241122141550 and revision id 1255137884. 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