CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913578e56cc33f4b',cH: 'TQvg5VI_aDbNIPe0Ls7RyZgsO80kJlPQ.Io1ThVf9DM-1739792108-1.2.1.1-skbjDkrPUkuaUEgHYFLAQIM1M_r_E9wbwgM5X9_.pQ0BOOZyUAOlNmGS2QAXp0Ji',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Tamer%20F.%20Khalifa&__cf_chl_tk=4svd6MyE49eBEPn7.BEOJIo3GnL2i6J7DlsDmQZ87LI-1739792108-1.0.1.1-92E3cFjGZr_BQHo9LkVjc.uKUh5yTHkql_99dZUiDy0",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739792108',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Tamer%20F.%20Khalifa&__cf_chl_f_tk=4svd6MyE49eBEPn7.BEOJIo3GnL2i6J7DlsDmQZ87LI-1739792108-1.0.1.1-92E3cFjGZr_BQHo9LkVjc.uKUh5yTHkql_99dZUiDy0",md: "PZPWKJ5XpCks8xMK5TWG6MsjDUOpd2qInMb23e6fNzk-1739792108-1.2.1.1-p8iJbTTVUKKEHIvC_K9FXnj6weOo4s1Pne8Wbh8_WqT7Hi6croA9pv_8OegujDXx3V.sLlQz5WqLjboC8EL2jzbGJ0L9FDDehWyOvsQ6U2l7oFJIkYJP29rxlNH.nZfP.aRi75FGJPCJa4QOFuN4mUCA705n8F3aNetj.wvEOK_n6QBktFRLGMfH.CZG97VFSZ9iSg0EM6QULkM_kN12sj9idOWDB9mmhl0h3do.X1mh7haNY8SpDyNsIBlynib01FJUzvzIQUq3C4QSQn9BUgovzOzHBUF9d3Sk_yu1V1cW3_zSn6CLYdv.GK6EFos41QeUCnAs0jlLBAPtcAF94.Fso6bR7mtvuhm_B1xd.91Lh8ODnGBnbJGy00O6vnE2xUChCSrQOWw_B_5L1bQ_t4WWeDLibIbTXjA96LXUy1.EjAj2GGGPSP2gRcMmdJ.Iso9me7DiWBAXPqC3Hc7I67QfaqxTyM_hs8JSfcQwFRUqk5oE_g9StfBb3NYKy9EmEhftivzWqzMPd.aJLv_X9SjHTaGWoHvu8A3XdRw7TESw1yUPaNnJAjit8I.fBWtN1xjjX_cPJPyPCL_9y4HWSMWULKyEEpqFuCI0xRgh2OICTLQaOsqxobWz8dIYu_VJXgoRQliIlqZaOY1EAYOlKBiIdexKlVfBjrdSbzDo6Igm6yGjxTIkqmDVdXB0oE_vN.WTce2poocX6IquYpxo5x0h5rRvXo8jwirBQCTHui0Q8LhBWsGA_69HoL1cnaVkSna7BlK8iadvxOFq3Bt8qAsDAP2h.lZwN4TUasFSNXw6FOTfotguVQ1uJgGDlSmLjfOhhc7aDdf4WbpS73QQq9vLnvfS.lW5YkorKBCsORtipjU7GysKZwS4l8tD7o6lNF0PK1vm_P6u6oFxFcmytuUhCmf5MI0I.0JOYl15VlKwRMq8c79nCOpHstCsG98OmaerXIdKUXP04Js7G0QKVsQTv3YmrndGS4MHuuom1bL5Xvk0Pm30Kruw1vujcc0ImL5B_N5CEKzizC4qyLzMu7MfbQe7CHtQOa.ncxFnW2n.wyXQo0NXyJEPRICdwJMcFJ4MLf80wgrzpYejdN91PyIYjxkxtncXsCqfkQoG0iqc8lKyhr2chZ7c9_BeOszVJh6S6NoqybM4vczgOOgoU3OrQzltU0r8TAzveZqNJZtEEjV666xAV.rdHEGzai9aCiNq4WgWtb0xoCg9VhrFCKCAFTfgpFzoXzO9bZYeuBx0zr2xYdz.ZUf0qzr3ptadhP2ZTTpnDUhXzI.ndsPRlL_uDYdWBl9_f3RyottcY2OWqiYc8NZhfkSUthY.j3U.c_qB9I_U8D4XTES1YXdViMTscJRXXdbPoAAdUPMY6u4CY0WWsAVRiZS596HXYJtcTDmslYPN0z0L_0hQOFbuYyQeLGROPWN70Hhz.05jjtl3BCauE.gt4Szitg3L2TRfh14xt_RYuW5TnVOwPgI4lMyxr95IqSQbB.bauSeEzD_XYtOVmtOyq57oTM9uzA0IOweBcvRYreTupD0DeE8lmhZvyWS_PPF48y8MTbfdESG182ywyGjz1_gUmo0nyq7hbj.Hw1VdFGkK.Gm7kC9mRNDA1LhBLOFHQtvymxzY8msb07sjpRXSnGoqRSeQ9V6eZTGjI8bmYU0cmuh_hbGkwWHrCOQiK8KAp29p3GsXnUiCWpQXLlciyhwZuYVkjGfQTfbTvS8lDaVQ7F848jphklnQUTzDI2D37QAf.WQaRS6iLxXtPdeoCJAsJmo2_j0TIdll2IRlDSeunTFwwrKDlRJjnFhksKUrdDaIbCNNBeqN0lgUH89n_L0Xb_AwoETwMBooKvZzqsRCqnRa3wRb5o9uggr.cfnK9K15HHAHsNMyn9yh3pnFNaWlwT1QmCH7l9swjedbOtlzhNjbYq2qsFHndXKiAgi2e0N5l5NSecs",mdrd: "EtcMStz.JzI1FQIeVGOxZL8bGG.C1UlFl.Bvxf03NuI-1739792108-1.2.1.1-rk18yaCqTH8FQpkaHeEXW5oeqnKFISEW_gNln33O3Qz1ldWisAbxVuGimNIKXlBDdnVUspR65jT9NSi6105azhzS8xgQHtRZHQ9zONzBGWTawbZffkt0Yp6gAEDrciGslXsGQ83XvIrLY9tMCaHoK2_Mga_vFoTwMxOSwYkXSZ5t_35OuD1VlVwyY7oFEFpnKALI1Wkm8_8JT2bFWfROp5zX_6RMa.lSgO.Q3NQIEPh0fIlU6laB6oDGc5M8dljXwUKXG9ZbQACFPp8ZzCk5Jej34QIDtP6ZAH14xaxbYXTxXYWbxs0yzKwkrjuhCk9fuYYcYBo83bXU8ViWHaBOQZsiJp6CFN2jWr4uLYoZaD.F0b.FNhLH7giQbH4CTbag3m3wx8.BZtsQY3HoTLzlMWURMJa7B8whIeyiBFDllmyVg1OcCiiVr.jjkKxa_acfNBJTUDYehLPTQtvVS6i_QyD4xh8TXVc.ZgzmZc7LgdbAkzNnN0UwU_R2K9tLrDKXIFBAn2DCsVHUJ79nbSTgaqI_.xzeE27Czch6oUSuKvyOaW2iuOkc9ulw_8UJfNdxmLBA4CXs58LhYOZ6Xn4Ek9bGvI1eYccrXDhlb6Fcamo_LfLzuzgvwyI..4mSO90ka0NbPDOdXZuyrYnuei8tFJkR4LTgoH3yHxdqHAQBVYwWvgaExkZ5GMBaPcVBo94IgMzkSGoRddo8q__WlEa6I4UftjNWNavlamEkNrKJ6tHtau8ItoO7hhymjKClyOE8lJw8PqrNK94hIKJ7UA7bGsAXtF4hQLVSxgWcX_NsnnDHrUD4auPqsQQd4zYUmcmPg1GKRC4q8SJ.7Fg.dYaCFRPRrcgHV6.JDPUW.YvalbAADZ9WHL3WabxnnOxBXHEDMkLxZcmlUHSvRuatXagvvCfQO8Mz1kXTTJu66KG1aovYyuYvOpmX.f5y5_6pSPbSKs6zSMzUW2Q0zr_MWAKWkcgvtE7hsVBus4QvytTKxCjQx.Yj.4lLuEMCetjD2UzBCyisKRx3T95iSOrRANfbkW.9Q1qadnvF4u2ioKUS4wUd1vuuCHupuiaWENz7XbANtlYuUebKS40pdgJY8eWoJBWukMZgqCLtM0Mhj3e0YgCjOG2lOSNUSvipB27.wsn4eF.zYiDKIBFfB7QgzID20fFU_5JzO_L.6LWgbVDV9cYirmh9NJ6.jDGdKZFkutlPWxQH9WgxY0_vUhmvQeXwpfZvVITdWq05Xz4gICSbX1.PAh48L8Lz7PuNNdnxOxFDHVG5cInMwxHR.XwlQhJ8PsAHwAH2rnQ8c0wEGOUS9epl5Q50oAMKfcHYOIAt2quRx8GbnQfuZCN7vMu_SDvg8VMtjcWi3FWN1vl3khZs.S4Usa1Y9Z3bHNkp07C2aw5vIftGCT4U0OeNKjMBfhEQ__b6PfzUG7vwaVTOCoK_fhDPGbkQ_21gqT7kjAjB6NiMNxmkkxJSzcBuTvLWVuGoD9c0FgKSBh2oqMRW6QCt8nbHl43_Cg9HHq6snR.Huwy1e8Mf6W4iFWwM2SVhgIOQGpPR9cM4i2et2kS20Dl2f_cLQJmFe.L1Edsn.EMzepTMJ49DNupn8ETW6iJC16cnhLTRHlWV4m_yDi.6zQmcgp3sjcsFJ6OrOL23hbVKJno.4MxlnSLkZxEQ4EOGAgQxRuYqSRMCeyx6uxPncGaSjj.QshH9kIcNf8FqP7VgPRiZ7QNgF0i4ImiV_EI5TXmOx2FtvsVHxqYZohjQDeXg2mGY8PWeG2ajYTenEc3iOvyG24_X4tv40r5gRNm1S2uzRNiBcR0NxlB0OYWm5NFfXb_MLwvYs8lpyf_JPqGyiiMzkxL1gKrAHlmGk1cQPLVGHk83KzWqoe.bWOTW6CH173jqn0SaokNvs6nhRquTmlnWrgofXhPPyCqr9DuT5.m.gj2uA8eus8WIQqrI3fBCfVvx_Auwz2dZjGw728.DkbAm"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913578e56cc33f4b';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Tamer%20F.%20Khalifa&__cf_chl_rt_tk=4svd6MyE49eBEPn7.BEOJIo3GnL2i6J7DlsDmQZ87LI-1739792108-1.0.1.1-92E3cFjGZr_BQHo9LkVjc.uKUh5yTHkql_99dZUiDy0" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>