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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Romans 9:4 the people of Israel. Theirs is the adoption as sons; theirs the divine glory and the covenants; theirs the giving of the law, the temple worship, and the promises.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/romans/9-4.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/9/45_Rom_09_04.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Romans 9:4 - Paul's Concern for the Jews" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="the people of Israel. Theirs is the adoption as sons; theirs the divine glory and the covenants; theirs the giving of the law, the temple worship, and the promises." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script> <script src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/biblehub.js' type='text/javascript'></script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/romans/9-4.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/romans/9-4.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/romans/">Romans</a> > <a href="/romans/9.htm">Chapter 9</a> > Verse 4</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad1.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/romans/9-3.htm" title="Romans 9:3">◄</a> Romans 9:4 <a href="/romans/9-5.htm" title="Romans 9:5">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Study Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Crossref </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comment </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Greek </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/romans/9.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/romans/9.htm">New International Version</a> the people of Israel. Theirs is the adoption to sonship; theirs the divine glory, the covenants, the receiving of the law, the temple worship and the promises. <a href="/nlt/romans/9.htm">New Living Translation</a> They are the people of Israel, chosen to be God’s adopted children. God revealed his glory to them. He made covenants with them and gave them his law. He gave them the privilege of worshiping him and receiving his wonderful promises. <a href="/esv/romans/9.htm">English Standard Version</a> They are Israelites, and to them belong the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the worship, and the promises. <a href="/bsb/romans/9.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> the people of Israel. Theirs is the adoption as sons; theirs the divine glory and the covenants; theirs the giving of the law, the temple worship, and the promises. <a href="/blb/romans/9.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> who are Israelites, whose is the divine adoption as sons, and the glory, and the covenants, and the lawgiving, and the service, and the promises; <a href="/kjv/romans/9.htm">King James Bible</a> Who are Israelites; to whom pertaineth the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises; <a href="/nkjv/romans/9.htm">New King James Version</a> who are Israelites, to whom pertain the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the service of God, and the promises; <a href="/nasb_/romans/9.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> who are Israelites, to whom belongs the adoption as sons and daughters, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the Law, the temple service, and the promises; <a href="/nasb/romans/9.htm">NASB 1995</a> who are Israelites, to whom belongs the adoption as sons, and the glory and the covenants and the giving of the Law and the temple service and the promises, <a href="/nasb77/romans/9.htm">NASB 1977 </a> who are Israelites, to whom belongs the adoption as sons and the glory and the covenants and the giving of the Law and the temple service and the promises, <a href="/lsb/romans/9.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> who are Israelites, to whom belongs the adoption as sons, and the glory and the covenants and the giving of the Law and the temple service and the promises, <a href="/amp/romans/9.htm">Amplified Bible</a> who are Israelites, to whom belongs the adoption as sons, the glory (Shekinah), the [special] covenants [with Abraham, Moses, and David], the giving of the Law, the [system of temple] worship, and the [original] promises. <a href="/csb/romans/9.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> They are Israelites, and to them belong the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the temple service, and the promises. <a href="/hcsb/romans/9.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> They are Israelites, and to them belong the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the temple service, and the promises. <a href="/asv/romans/9.htm">American Standard Version</a> who are Israelites; whose is the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises; <a href="/cev/romans/9.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> They are the descendants of Israel, and they are also God's chosen people. God showed them his glory. He made agreements with them and gave them his Law. The temple is theirs and so are the promises that God made to them. <a href="/erv/romans/9.htm">English Revised Version</a> who are Israelites; whose is the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises; <a href="/gwt/romans/9.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> They are Israelites, God's adopted children. They have the Lord's glory, the pledges, Moses' Teachings, the true worship, and the promises. <a href="/gnt/romans/9.htm">Good News Translation</a> They are God's people; he made them his children and revealed his glory to them; he made his covenants with them and gave them the Law; they have the true worship; they have received God's promises; <a href="/isv/romans/9.htm">International Standard Version</a> who are Israelis. To them belong the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the Law, the worship, and the promises. <a href="/msb/romans/9.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> the people of Israel. Theirs is the adoption as sons; theirs the divine glory and the covenants; theirs the giving of the law, the temple worship, and the promises. <a href="/net/romans/9.htm">NET Bible</a> who are Israelites. To them belong the adoption as sons, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the temple worship, and the promises. <a href="/nheb/romans/9.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> who are Israelites; whose is the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the service, and the promises; <a href="/wbt/romans/9.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> Who are Israelites; to whom pertain the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises; <a href="/wey/romans/9.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> To them belongs recognition as God's sons, and they have His glorious Presence and the Covenants, and the giving of the Law, and the Temple service, and the ancient Promises. <a href="/web/romans/9.htm">World English Bible</a> who are Israelites; whose is the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the service, and the promises; <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/romans/9.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> who are Israelites, whose [is] the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the lawgiving, and the service, and the promises, <a href="/blb/romans/9.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> who are Israelites, whose is the divine adoption as sons, and the glory, and the covenants, and the lawgiving, and the service, and the promises; <a href="/ylt/romans/9.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> who are Israelites, whose is the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the lawgiving, and the service, and the promises, <a href="/slt/romans/9.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> Who are Israelites; whose the adoption as a son, and the glory, and covenants, and legislation, and divine worship, and solemn promises;<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/romans/9.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> Who are Israelites, to whom belongeth the adoption as of children, and the glory, and the testament, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises: <a href="/cpdv/romans/9.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> These are the Israelites, to whom belongs adoption as sons, and the glory and the testament, and the giving and following of the law, and the promises. <a href="/nabre/romans/9.htm">New American Bible</a> They are Israelites; theirs the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the worship, and the promises; <a href="/nrsvce/romans/9.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> They are Israelites, and to them belong the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the worship, and the promises;<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/romans/9.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> Who are Israelites; to whom belongs the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants and the law, and the rituals therein, and the promises; <a href="/aramaic-plain-english/romans/9.htm">Aramaic Bible in Plain English</a> Who are the children of Israel, whose was the adoption of children, the glory, The Covenant, The Written Law, the ministry which is in it, The Promises,<div class="vheading2">NT Translations</div><a href="/anderson/romans/9.htm">Anderson New Testament</a> who are Israelites, to whom belong the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the service, and the promises; <a href="/godbey/romans/9.htm">Godbey New Testament</a> who are Israelites, of whom is the adoption of sons, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the service, and the promises: <a href="/haweis/romans/9.htm">Haweis New Testament</a> who are Israelites; whose is the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the gift of the law, and the sacred service, and the promises; <a href="/mace/romans/9.htm">Mace New Testament</a> who are Israelites; who had the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the law, the form of divine worship, and the promises; <a href="/wey/romans/9.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> To them belongs recognition as God's sons, and they have His glorious Presence and the Covenants, and the giving of the Law, and the Temple service, and the ancient Promises. <a href="/worrell/romans/9.htm">Worrell New Testament</a> who, indeed, are Israelites, whose is the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the service, and the promises; <a href="/worsley/romans/9.htm">Worsley New Testament</a> who are Israelites, whose is the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the form of divine worship, and the promises: <a href="/parallel/romans/9-4.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/KIZs4GUMn-g?start=2200" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/romans/9.htm">Paul's Concern for the Jews</a> …3For I could wish that I myself were cursed and cut off from Christ for the sake of my brothers, my own flesh and blood, 4<a href="/greek/3748.htm" title="3748: hoitines (RelPro-NMP) -- Whosoever, whichsoever, whatsoever. ">the people of</a> <a href="/greek/1510.htm" title="1510: eisin (V-PIA-3P) -- I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist."></a> <a href="/greek/2475.htm" title="2475: Israēlitai (N-NMP) -- An Israelite, one of the chosen people of Israel, a Jew. From Israel; an Israelite, i.e. Descendant of Israel.">Israel.</a> <a href="/greek/3739.htm" title="3739: hōn (RelPro-GMP) -- Who, which, what, that. ">Theirs is</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: hē (Art-NFS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the</a> <a href="/greek/5206.htm" title="5206: huiothesia (N-NFS) -- From a presumed compound of huios and a derivative of tithemi; the placing as a son, i.e. Adoption.">adoption as sons;</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. ">theirs</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: hē (Art-NFS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the</a> <a href="/greek/1391.htm" title="1391: doxa (N-NFS) -- From the base of dokeo; glory, in a wide application.">divine glory</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. ">and</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: hai (Art-NFP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the</a> <a href="/greek/1242.htm" title="1242: diathēkai (N-NFP) -- From diatithemai; properly, a disposition, i.e. a contract.">covenants;</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. ">theirs</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: hē (Art-NFS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the</a> <a href="/greek/3548.htm" title="3548: nomothesia (N-NFS) -- Lawgiving, legislation. From nomothetes; legislation.">giving of the law,</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. "></a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: hē (Art-NFS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the</a> <a href="/greek/2999.htm" title="2999: latreia (N-NFS) -- Service rendered to God, perhaps simply: worship. From latreuo; ministration of God, i.e. Worship.">temple worship,</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. ">and</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: hai (Art-NFP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the</a> <a href="/greek/1860.htm" title="1860: epangeliai (N-NFP) -- A promise. From epaggello; an announcement.">promises.</a> 5Theirs are the patriarchs, and from them proceeds the human descent of Christ, who is God over all, forever worthy of praise! Amen.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/exodus/4-22.htm">Exodus 4:22</a> Then tell Pharaoh that this is what the LORD says: ‘Israel is My firstborn son, <a href="/deuteronomy/7-6.htm">Deuteronomy 7:6</a> For you are a people holy to the LORD your God. The LORD your God has chosen you to be a people for His prized possession out of all peoples on the face of the earth. <a href="/deuteronomy/14-2.htm">Deuteronomy 14:2</a> for you are a people holy to the LORD your God. The LORD has chosen you to be a people for His prized possession out of all the peoples on the face of the earth. <a href="/deuteronomy/26-18.htm">Deuteronomy 26:18-19</a> And today the LORD has proclaimed that you are His people and treasured possession as He promised, that you are to keep all His commandments, / that He will set you high in praise and name and honor above all the nations He has made, and that you will be a holy people to the LORD your God, as He has promised. <a href="/psalms/147-19.htm">Psalm 147:19-20</a> He declares His word to Jacob, His statutes and judgments to Israel. / He has done this for no other nation; they do not know His judgments. Hallelujah! <a href="/isaiah/43-1.htm">Isaiah 43:1</a> But now, this is what the LORD says—He who created you, O Jacob, and He who formed you, O Israel: “Do not fear, for I have redeemed you; I have called you by your name; you are Mine! <a href="/isaiah/45-4.htm">Isaiah 45:4</a> For the sake of Jacob My servant and Israel My chosen one, I call you by name; I have given you a title of honor, though you have not known Me. <a href="/jeremiah/31-9.htm">Jeremiah 31:9</a> They will come with weeping, and by their supplication I will lead them; I will make them walk beside streams of waters, on a level path where they will not stumble. For I am Israel’s Father, and Ephraim is My firstborn.” <a href="/hosea/11-1.htm">Hosea 11:1</a> When Israel was a child, I loved him, and out of Egypt I called My son. <a href="/amos/3-2.htm">Amos 3:2</a> “Only you have I known from all the families of the earth; therefore I will punish you for all your iniquities.” <a href="/matthew/15-24.htm">Matthew 15:24</a> He answered, “I was sent only to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.” <a href="/john/1-11.htm">John 1:11</a> He came to His own, and His own did not receive Him. <a href="/john/4-22.htm">John 4:22</a> You worship what you do not know; we worship what we do know, for salvation is from the Jews. <a href="/acts/3-25.htm">Acts 3:25</a> And you are sons of the prophets and of the covenant God made with your fathers when He said to Abraham, ‘Through your offspring all the families of the earth will be blessed.’ <a href="/acts/13-32.htm">Acts 13:32-33</a> And now we proclaim to you the good news: What God promised our fathers / He has fulfilled for us, their children, by raising up Jesus. As it is written in the second Psalm: ‘You are My Son; today I have become Your Father.’</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>Who are Israelites; to whom pertains the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises;are Israelites.<a href="/romans/9-6.htm">Romans 9:6</a> Not as though the word of God hath taken none effect. For they are not all Israel, which are of Israel:<a href="/genesis/32-28.htm">Genesis 32:28</a> And he said, Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, but Israel: for as a prince hast thou power with God and with men, and hast prevailed.<a href="/exodus/19-3.htm">Exodus 19:3-6</a> And Moses went up unto God, and the LORD called unto him out of the mountain, saying, Thus shalt thou say to the house of Jacob, and tell the children of Israel; … the adoption.<a href="/exodus/4-22.htm">Exodus 4:22</a> And thou shalt say unto Pharaoh, Thus saith the LORD, Israel is my son, even my firstborn:<a href="/deuteronomy/14-1.htm">Deuteronomy 14:1</a> Ye are the children of the LORD your God: ye shall not cut yourselves, nor make any baldness between your eyes for the dead.<a href="/jeremiah/31-9.htm">Jeremiah 31:9,20</a> They shall come with weeping, and with supplications will I lead them: I will cause them to walk by the rivers of waters in a straight way, wherein they shall not stumble: for I am a father to Israel, and Ephraim is my firstborn… and the glory.<a href="/numbers/7-89.htm">Numbers 7:89</a> And when Moses was gone into the tabernacle of the congregation to speak with him, then he heard the voice of one speaking unto him from off the mercy seat that was upon the ark of testimony, from between the two cherubims: and he spake unto him.<a href="/1_samuel/4-21.htm">1 Samuel 4:21,22</a> And she named the child Ichabod, saying, The glory is departed from Israel: because the ark of God was taken, and because of her father in law and her husband… <a href="/1_kings/8-11.htm">1 Kings 8:11</a> So that the priests could not stand to minister because of the cloud: for the glory of the LORD had filled the house of the LORD.covenants.<a href="/genesis/15-18.htm">Genesis 15:18</a> In the same day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates:<a href="/genesis/17-2.htm">Genesis 17:2,7,10</a> And I will make my covenant between me and thee, and will multiply thee exceedingly… <a href="/exodus/24-7.htm">Exodus 24:7,8</a> And he took the book of the covenant, and read in the audience of the people: and they said, All that the LORD hath said will we do, and be obedient… the giving.<a href="/romans/3-2.htm">Romans 3:2</a> Much every way: chiefly, because that unto them were committed the oracles of God.<a href="/nehemiah/9-13.htm">Nehemiah 9:13,14</a> Thou camest down also upon mount Sinai, and spakest with them from heaven, and gavest them right judgments, and true laws, good statutes and commandments: … <a href="/psalms/147-19.htm">Psalm 147:19</a> He sheweth his word unto Jacob, his statutes and his judgments unto Israel.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/romans/8-23.htm">Adoption</a> <a href="/psalms/50-14.htm">Agreements</a> <a href="/acts/15-21.htm">Ancient</a> <a href="/romans/8-9.htm">Belong</a> <a href="/acts/2-39.htm">Belongs</a> <a href="/hosea/10-4.htm">Covenants</a> <a href="/romans/1-25.htm">Divine</a> <a href="/romans/8-23.htm">Glorious</a> <a href="/romans/8-30.htm">Glory</a> <a href="/romans/8-33.htm">God's</a> <a href="/romans/8-25.htm">Hope</a> <a href="/acts/28-20.htm">Israel</a> <a href="/romans/9-3.htm">Israelites</a> <a href="/romans/8-7.htm">Law</a> <a href="/jeremiah/49-12.htm">Pertain</a> <a href="/hosea/5-1.htm">Pertaineth</a> <a href="/romans/4-17.htm">Presence</a> <a href="/romans/1-31.htm">Promises</a> <a href="/romans/8-23.htm">Recognition</a> <a href="/romans/7-6.htm">Service</a> <a href="/romans/8-15.htm">Sonship</a> <a href="/acts/26-21.htm">Temple</a> <a href="/romans/1-25.htm">Worship</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/galatians/4-5.htm">Adoption</a> <a href="/galatians/4-24.htm">Agreements</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/3-14.htm">Ancient</a> <a href="/romans/9-5.htm">Belong</a> <a href="/romans/12-5.htm">Belongs</a> <a href="/galatians/4-24.htm">Covenants</a> <a href="/romans/11-4.htm">Divine</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/4-10.htm">Glorious</a> <a href="/romans/9-23.htm">Glory</a> <a href="/romans/9-6.htm">God's</a> <a href="/romans/10-12.htm">Hope</a> <a href="/romans/9-6.htm">Israel</a> <a href="/romans/9-27.htm">Israelites</a> <a href="/romans/9-31.htm">Law</a> <a href="/romans/15-17.htm">Pertain</a> <a href="/hebrews/7-13.htm">Pertaineth</a> <a href="/romans/14-22.htm">Presence</a> <a href="/romans/15-8.htm">Promises</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/16-18.htm">Recognition</a> <a href="/romans/12-1.htm">Service</a> <a href="/galatians/4-5.htm">Sonship</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/3-16.htm">Temple</a> <a href="/romans/10-13.htm">Worship</a><div class="vheading2">Romans 9</div>1. <a href="/romans/9-1.htm">Paul is sorry for the Jews.</a> 7. <a href="/romans/9-7.htm">All of Abraham not of the promise.</a> 18. <a href="/romans/9-18.htm">God's sovereignty.</a> 25. <a href="/romans/9-25.htm">The calling of the Gentiles and rejecting of the Jews, foretold.</a> 32. <a href="/romans/9-32.htm">The cause of their stumbling.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading"><a href="/study/romans/9.htm">Berean Study Bible</a></div>Theirs is the adoption as sons This phrase highlights the unique relationship between God and the Israelites. The Greek word for "adoption" is "huiothesia," which signifies being placed as a son. In the historical context, adoption was a legal act that conferred the full rights of sonship on a person not born into a family. For Israel, this adoption signifies their chosen status as God's people, a theme that resonates throughout the Old Testament, particularly in <a href="/exodus/4-22.htm">Exodus 4:22</a>, where Israel is called God's "firstborn son." This divine adoption underscores the special covenantal relationship and the privileges that come with being God's chosen people.the divine glory The term "divine glory" refers to the Shekinah, the visible manifestation of God's presence. In Hebrew, "kavod" is often used to describe this glory, which was evident in the cloud and fire that led the Israelites through the wilderness (<a href="/exodus/13-21.htm">Exodus 13:21</a>) and filled the Tabernacle and Temple (<a href="/exodus/40-34.htm">Exodus 40:34-35</a>; <a href="/1_kings/8-10.htm">1 Kings 8:10-11</a>). This glory signifies God's holiness, majesty, and the honor bestowed upon Israel as the nation through which God chose to reveal Himself to the world.the covenants The covenants refer to the solemn agreements between God and His people, starting with Abraham and continuing through Moses and David. The Greek word "diatheke" is used here, which can mean a testament or a covenant. These covenants are foundational to understanding God's unfolding plan of redemption. They include promises of land, descendants, and blessings, ultimately pointing to the New Covenant fulfilled in Christ (<a href="/jeremiah/31-31.htm">Jeremiah 31:31-34</a>).the giving of the Law This phrase refers to the Torah, the Law given to Moses on Mount Sinai. The Greek word "nomothesia" is used, emphasizing the legislative aspect of the Law. The Law was a gift that set Israel apart as a holy nation, providing guidelines for living in a way that reflects God's character. It served as a tutor leading to Christ (<a href="/galatians/3-24.htm">Galatians 3:24</a>), highlighting humanity's need for a Savior.the temple worship The temple worship, or "latreia" in Greek, refers to the sacrificial system and rituals prescribed in the Law. This worship was central to Israel's religious life, symbolizing atonement, purification, and communion with God. The temple was the dwelling place of God's presence, and the worship conducted there foreshadowed the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world (<a href="/john/1-29.htm">John 1:29</a>).and the promises The promises encompass the numerous assurances God made to the patriarchs and Israel, including the promise of a Messiah. The Greek word "epangeliai" indicates these are not mere hopes but guaranteed commitments from God. These promises find their ultimate fulfillment in Jesus Christ, who is the "Yes" and "Amen" to all of God's promises (<a href="/2_corinthians/1-20.htm">2 Corinthians 1:20</a>). They remind believers of God's faithfulness and the hope of eternal life through Christ.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/romans/9.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(4) The adoption.--They are the theocratic people, the people whom God had, as it were, adopted to Himself, and taken into the special filial relation. (Comp. <a href="/hosea/11-1.htm" title="When Israel was a child, then I loved him, and called my son out of Egypt.">Hosea 11:1</a>, "I called my son out of Egypt;" <a href="/exodus/4-22.htm" title="And you shall say to Pharaoh, Thus said the LORD, Israel is my son, even my firstborn:">Exodus 4:22</a>, "Israel is my son, even my firstborn;" et al.)The glory.--The Shechinah, or visible symbol of God's presence. (Comp. <a href="/exodus/16-10.htm" title="And it came to pass, as Aaron spoke to the whole congregation of the children of Israel, that they looked toward the wilderness, and, behold, the glory of the LORD appeared in the cloud.">Exodus 16:10</a>; <a href="/exodus/24-16.htm" title="And the glory of the LORD stayed on mount Sinai, and the cloud covered it six days: and the seventh day he called to Moses out of the middle of the cloud.">Exodus 24:16</a>; <a href="/context/exodus/40-34.htm" title="Then a cloud covered the tent of the congregation, and the glory of the LORD filled the tabernacle.">Exodus 40:34-35</a>; <a href="/1_samuel/4-22.htm" title="And she said, The glory is departed from Israel: for the ark of God is taken.">1Samuel 4:22</a>; <a href="/context/1_kings/8-10.htm" title="And it came to pass, when the priests were come out of the holy place, that the cloud filled the house of the LORD,">1Kings 8:10-11</a>; <a href="/ezekiel/1-28.htm" title="As the appearance of the bow that is in the cloud in the day of rain, so was the appearance of the brightness round about. This was the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the LORD. And when I saw it, I fell on my face, and I heard a voice of one that spoke.">Ezekiel 1:28</a>; <a href="/hebrews/9-5.htm" title="And over it the cherubim of glory shadowing the mercy seat; of which we cannot now speak particularly.">Hebrews 9:5</a>.) . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/romans/9.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verses 4, 5. - Who (οἵτινες, with its usual sense of quippe qui) are Israelites; whose is the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the Law, and the service of God, and the promises; whose are the fathers, and from whom is Christ as concerning the flesh, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen. Here "the adoption" (ὑιοθεσία) means the selection of Israel to be God's peculiar people (cf. <a href="/exodus/4-22.htm">Exodus 4:22</a>, "Israel is my son, even my firstborn;" <a href="/deuteronomy/14-1.htm">Deuteronomy 14:1</a>, "Ye are the children of the Lord your God;" <a href="/hosea/11-1.htm">Hosea 11:1</a>, "When Israel was a child, I loved him, and called my son out of Egypt;" also <a href="/exodus/19-5.htm">Exodus 19:5</a>. Cf. also τέκνα τοῦ Θεοῦ in ver. 8 below). It is, of course, a different idea from that of the spiritual υἱοθεσία of believers (at present as in <a href="/romans/8-15.htm">Romans 8:15</a>, or to come as in <a href="/romans/8-23.htm">Romans 8:23</a>), though it might be typical of it. "The glory" (ἡ δόξα) seems best explained by reference to <a href="/2_corinthians/3-7.htm">2 Corinthians 3:7-18</a>, where the visible glory, said to have rested on the mercy-seat and to have illuminated for a time the face of Moses, is regarded as expressing the glory, in a higher sense, of the old dispensation, which, however, was destined to fade away in the greater glory of the revelation of God in Christ. The word may be thus taken to denote, not simply the Sheehinab, or the glory on Mount Sinai, but rather what was signified by these manifestations. It was probably a recognized term in use with reference to the giving of the Law. "The covenants" (αἱ διαθῆκαι), and "the promises" (αἱ ἐπαγγελίαι), both in the plural, include those made with and given to Abraham and the other patriarchs, as well as the Mosaic ones. The former word is wrongly taken by some as denoting the tables of the covenant. Ἡ λατρεία is obviously the divinely appointed ceremonial worship, the typical significance of which is explained at length in the Epistle to the Hebrews, where the same word is used. "The fathers" (οἱ πατέρες) are the patriarchs, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the original recipients of the promises, descent from whom was made such account of by the Jews, as being the foundation of their privileges (cf. <a href="/matthew/3-9.htm">Matthew 3:9</a>; <a href="/luke/3-8.htm">Luke 3:8</a>; <a href="/luke/13-28.htm">Luke 13:28</a>; <a href="/john/8-39.htm">John 8:39</a>; and, for the use of πατέρες in this sense, cf. <a href="/acts/3-22.htm">Acts 3:22</a>; <a href="/acts/13-32.htm">Acts 13:32</a>; <a href="/romans/15-8.htm">Romans 15:8</a>; <a href="/hebrews/1-1.htm">Hebrews 1:1</a>). The last and crowning distinction of the Jewish race is mentioned last, viz. the fleshly descent therefrom of Christ, even of him who in his higher nature is "over all, God blessed for ever." This is certainly the most obvious meaning of the conclusion of ver. 5, as far as the language is concerned, and the one understood by all ancient commentators. Some moderns, however, as is well known, have raised objections to this interpretation of the clause, based solely on the supposed improbability that St. Paul would have so designated Christ. Some would, therefore, get over this imagined difficulty by putting a full stop after κατὰ σάρκα, and taking what follows as a doxology to God the Father, thus: "God, who is over all, be blessed for ever." The apostle is supposed, according to this interpretation, to have been moved to this parenthetical utterance by his contemplation of the Divine favours to Israel, which he had been recounting. Some have suggested the full stop being put after πάντων, so as to refer ὁ ω}ν ἐπὶ πάντων to Christ, and take only what follows as a doxology, or, as some would have it, as a statement. But, in either case, the idea of so unlikely a breaking up of the sentence may be dismissed as untenable. Others, without thus breaking up the sentence, take the whole of it, beginning with ὁ ω}ν, to be, not a doxology, but a statement, thus at- tempting to meet the objection to its being a doxology (to be noticed presently), arising from the collocation of the words. But a mere assertion that God is blessed for ever would seem peculiarly uncalled for and purposeless here. Meyer, being a critic of deserved repute, and an upholder of the modern interpretation of the clause, taking the whole of it together as a doxology to the Father, it may suffice to state his arguments. (1) That St. Paul, though regarding the Son of God as the image of God, of the essence of God, the agent in creation and preservation, the judge of all, the object of prayer, and the possessor of Divine glory and fulness of grace (<a href="/romans/1-4.htm">Romans 1:4</a>; <a href="/romans/10-12.htm">Romans 10:12</a>; Philippians it. 6; <a href="/colossians/1-15.htm">Colossians 1:15</a>, etc.; Colossians 2:9; <a href="/ephesians/1-20.htm">Ephesians 1:20</a>, etc.; <a href="/1_corinthians/8-6.htm">1 Corinthians 8:6</a>; <a href="/2_corinthians/4-4.htm">2 Corinthians 4:4</a>; <a href="/2_corinthians/8-9.htm">2 Corinthians 8:9</a>), never expressly calls him Θεὸς, but always clearly distinguishes him as the Κύριος from Θεὸς; and that the passages in which Θεὸς has been supposed by some to apply to him (as in <a href="/2_thessalonians/1-12.htm">2 Thessalonians 1:12</a>, Κατὰ τὴν χάριν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν καὶ Κυρίου Ιησοῦ Ξριστοῦ; and <a href="/ephesians/5-5.htm">Ephesians 5:5</a>; <a href="/titus/1-4.htm">Titus 1:4</a>) are wrongly so understood; ὅς, not Θεὸς, being also undoubtedly the original reading in <a href="/1_timothy/3-16.htm">1 Timothy 3:16</a>. (Of St. Paul's usual distinction between Θεὸς and Κύριος, when he is referring to the economy of redemption, other instances are found in <a href="/1_corinthians/8-6.htm">1 Corinthians 8:6</a>; <a href="/1_corinthians/12-4.htm">1 Corinthians 12:4, 5, 6</a>; <a href="/ephesians/4-4.htm">Ephesians 4:4, 5, 6</a>. That he does usually so distinguish is undoubted.) (2) That, according to the old ecclesiastical interpretation, "Christ would be called here, not only God, but even God over all, and consequently would be designated as Θεὸς παντοκράτωρ, which is absolutely incompatible with the entire view of the New Testament as to the dependence of the Son on the Father." (3) That "in the properly apostolical writings (<a href="/2_peter/3-18.htm">2 Peter 3:18</a> does not belong to them, nor does <a href="/hebrews/13-21.htm">Hebrews 13:21</a>) we never meet with a doxology to Christ in the form which is usual in doxologies to God." Meyer adds in a note, "<a href="/2_timothy/4-18.htm">2 Timothy 4:18</a> certainly refers to Christ; but this is just one of the traces of post-apostolic composition. Now, to these arguments it may be replied as follows: To (1) that, though it may be true that St. Paul in no other passage expressly calls Christ Θεὸς, yet his doctrine with respect to his Divine nature is in accordance with the expression; for surely the term Θεὸς is applicable to him who is spoken of, as e.g. in <a href="/philippians/2-6.htm">Philippians 2:6</a> and <a href="/colossians/1-15.htm">Colossians 1:15</a>, etc.; that his usual distinction between the supreme God and Christ as Mediator by no means precludes his declaring in express terms Christ's essential Deity in a passage where such a declaration is suitable and called for; that even St. John, who is acknowledged by all to have peculiarly set forth the Divine essence of Christ, only once uses the expression, Θεὸς ῆν ὁ Λόγος, or any exactly equivalent to it. To argument (2) it may be replied that the language used does not identify Christ with the Father as ὁ παντοκράτωρ Θεὸς, especially if we suppose a comma after πάντων, so that the meaning would he, "Christ who is over all, God blessed for ever." That Christ is "over all" is what is distinctly declared elsewhere by St. Paul, and Θεὸς, etc., may be appended predicatively to denote his Divine essence. As to argument (3), it is necessary to exclude not only 2 Peter and Hebrews, but also 2 Timothy from the list of apostolical writings in order to give it any force. But even so it would be irrelevant; for the sentence before us is not a doxology, but an assertion: it is, according to the ancient interpretation, not "Blessed be Christ as God for ever;" but" Christ, who is God blessed for ever." The positive reasons for retaining the ancient interpretations may be stated as follows: . . . <a href="/commentaries/romans/9-4.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Greek</div>[the people of] οἵτινές (hoitines) Personal / Relative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3748.htm">Strong's 3748: </a> Whosoever, whichsoever, whatsoever. Israel. Ἰσραηλῖται (Israēlitai) Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_2475.htm">Strong's 2475: </a> An Israelite, one of the chosen people of Israel, a Jew. From Israel; an 'Israelite', i.e. Descendant of Israel. [Theirs is] ὧν (hōn) Personal / Relative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3739.htm">Strong's 3739: </a> Who, which, what, that. the ἡ (hē) Article - Nominative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. adoption as sons; υἱοθεσία (huiothesia) Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_5206.htm">Strong's 5206: </a> From a presumed compound of huios and a derivative of tithemi; the placing as a son, i.e. Adoption. [theirs] καὶ (kai) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2532.htm">Strong's 2532: </a> And, even, also, namely. the ἡ (hē) Article - Nominative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. divine glory δόξα (doxa) Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_1391.htm">Strong's 1391: </a> From the base of dokeo; glory, in a wide application. and καὶ (kai) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2532.htm">Strong's 2532: </a> And, even, also, namely. the αἱ (hai) Article - Nominative Feminine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. covenants; διαθῆκαι (diathēkai) Noun - Nominative Feminine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_1242.htm">Strong's 1242: </a> From diatithemai; properly, a disposition, i.e. a contract. [theirs] καὶ (kai) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2532.htm">Strong's 2532: </a> And, even, also, namely. the ἡ (hē) Article - Nominative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. giving of the Law, νομοθεσία (nomothesia) Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3548.htm">Strong's 3548: </a> Lawgiving, legislation. From nomothetes; legislation. the ἡ (hē) Article - Nominative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. temple worship, λατρεία (latreia) Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2999.htm">Strong's 2999: </a> Service rendered to God, perhaps simply: worship. From latreuo; ministration of God, i.e. Worship. and καὶ (kai) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2532.htm">Strong's 2532: </a> And, even, also, namely. the αἱ (hai) Article - Nominative Feminine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. promises. ἐπαγγελίαι (epangeliai) Noun - Nominative Feminine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_1860.htm">Strong's 1860: </a> A promise. From epaggello; an announcement. <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/romans/9-4.htm">Romans 9:4 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/romans/9-4.htm">Romans 9:4 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/romans/9-4.htm">Romans 9:4 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/romans/9-4.htm">Romans 9:4 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/romans/9-4.htm">Romans 9:4 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/romans/9-4.htm">Romans 9:4 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/romans/9-4.htm">Romans 9:4 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/romans/9-4.htm">Romans 9:4 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/romans/9-4.htm">Romans 9:4 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/romans/9-4.htm">Romans 9:4 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/romans/9-4.htm">NT Letters: Romans 9:4 Who are Israelites (Rom. 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