CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head>    <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="preload" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/themes/5gObservatory/build/css/app.css?ver=1696322698" as="style" type="text/css"> <link rel="preload" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/themes/5gObservatory/build/js/app.js?ver=1696322698" as="script" type="text/javascript"> <title>5G Observatory – Tracking 5G developments</title> <meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="5G Observatory » Feed" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="5G Observatory » Comments Feed" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/comments/feed/" />   <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/cache/wpfc-minified/e5fz1ubb/5xq9i.css" media="all"/> <style id='cookie-law-info-gdpr-inline-css' type='text/css'> .cli-modal-content, .cli-tab-content { background-color: #ffffff; }.cli-privacy-content-text, .cli-modal .cli-modal-dialog, .cli-tab-container p, a.cli-privacy-readmore { color: #000000; }.cli-tab-header { background-color: #f2f2f2; }.cli-tab-header, .cli-tab-header a.cli-nav-link,span.cli-necessary-caption,.cli-switch .cli-slider:after { color: #000000; }.cli-switch .cli-slider:before { background-color: #ffffff; }.cli-switch input:checked + .cli-slider:before { background-color: #ffffff; }.cli-switch .cli-slider { background-color: #e3e1e8; }.cli-switch input:checked + .cli-slider { background-color: #28a745; }.cli-modal-close svg { fill: #000000; }.cli-tab-footer .wt-cli-privacy-accept-all-btn { background-color: #00acad; color: #ffffff}.cli-tab-footer .wt-cli-privacy-accept-btn { background-color: #00acad; color: #ffffff}.cli-tab-header a:before{ border-right: 1px solid #000000; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; } </style>  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/cache/wpfc-minified/g2a40zf/5xq9i.css" media="all"/> <script src='//5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/cache/wpfc-minified/k1mnrmg8/5xq9i.js' type="text/javascript"></script>   <script type="text/javascript" id="cookie-law-info-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var Cli_Data = {"nn_cookie_ids":["viewed_cookie_policy"],"non_necessary_cookies":[],"cookielist":{"necessary":{"id":181,"status":true,"title":"Necessary","strict":true,"default_state":false,"ccpa_optout":false,"loadonstart":false},"functional":{"id":182,"status":true,"title":"Functional","strict":false,"default_state":false,"ccpa_optout":false,"loadonstart":false},"performance":{"id":183,"status":true,"title":"Performance","strict":false,"default_state":false,"ccpa_optout":false,"loadonstart":false},"analytics":{"id":184,"status":true,"title":"Analytics","strict":false,"default_state":false,"ccpa_optout":false,"loadonstart":false},"advertisement":{"id":185,"status":true,"title":"Advertisement","strict":false,"default_state":false,"ccpa_optout":false,"loadonstart":false},"others":{"id":186,"status":true,"title":"Others","strict":false,"default_state":false,"ccpa_optout":false,"loadonstart":false}},"ajax_url":"https:\/\/5gobservatory.eu\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","current_lang":"en","security":"559665b3c0","eu_countries":["GB"],"geoIP":"disabled","use_custom_geolocation_api":"","custom_geolocation_api":"https:\/\/geoip.cookieyes.com\/geoip\/checker\/result.php","consentVersion":"1","strictlyEnabled":["necessary","obligatoire"],"cookieDomain":"","privacy_length":"250","ccpaEnabled":"","ccpaRegionBased":"","ccpaBarEnabled":"","ccpaType":"gdpr","triggerDomRefresh":""}; var log_object = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/5gobservatory.eu\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script src='//5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/cache/wpfc-minified/jnlodjew/5xq9i.js' type="text/javascript"></script>    <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/4" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.7.2" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://5gobservatory.eu/' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2F5gobservatory.eu%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2F5gobservatory.eu%2F&format=xml" /> <meta name="generator" content="Powered by WPBakery Page Builder - drag and drop page builder for WordPress."/> <link rel="icon" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/cropped-5G-observatory-logo-32x32.jpg" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/cropped-5G-observatory-logo-192x192.jpg" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/cropped-5G-observatory-logo-180x180.jpg" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/cropped-5G-observatory-logo-270x270.jpg" /> <noscript><style> .wpb_animate_when_almost_visible { opacity: 1; }</style></noscript> <style type="text/css">.fadv {color:#fff;font:10px arial;}.fadv a {color:#fff!important;font:10px arial;}</style> </head> <body class="home page-template page-template-page-accueil page-template-page-accueil-php page page-id-4 wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-6.7.0 vc_responsive"> <header> <div class="empagement"> <a href="https://5gobservatory.eu"> <div id="logo"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xml:space="preserve" width="292" height="136" viewBox="0 0 292 136"><path fill="#FFF" d="M291 135H1.3V22.4C1.3 10.6 10.9 1 22.7 1h246.9c11.8 0 21.4 9.6 21.4 21.4V135z"/><path fill="#00A2DE" d="M69.6 67.5c.9-2.6 2-5.2 3.4-7.6 1.9-3.3 4.2-6.4 6.9-9.2 2.7-2.8 5.7-5.2 9-7.1 3.3-2 6.8-3.5 10.5-4.6 3.7-1.1 7.5-1.6 11.4-1.6h2.9c1.3.4 2.2 1 2.9 2.1.6 1 1 2.2.9 3.4 0 1.4-.3 2.5-.9 3.2-.6.7-1.3 1.2-2.1 1.6-.9.3-1.8.5-2.9.6-1.1.1-2.1.1-3.1.2-2.8.3-5.5.9-8.1 1.9-2.6 1-5 2.3-7.3 3.8s-4.3 3.3-6.2 5.4c-1.9 2.1-3.5 4.4-4.8 6.8-.8 1.4-1.5 2.9-2.1 4.5-.6 1.6-.9 3.2-.9 4.9 0 .1 0 .3.1.7l.2.2 26.8.3.1-9-12.2-.1c-.6 0-1.2-.2-1.7-.6-.5-.4-.9-.8-1.3-1.4-.4-.6-.6-1.1-.8-1.8-.2-.6-.3-1.2-.3-1.7 0-1.3.4-2.6 1.3-3.7.8-1.2 2-1.8 3.4-1.8l17.9.2c.5 0 1 .1 1.5.4.5.2 1 .6 1.5 1s.8.9 1.1 1.4c.3.5.5 1 .5 1.6l-.2 22.2c0 .4-.1.9-.4 1.4-.3.5-.6 1-1 1.4-.4.4-.9.8-1.4 1-.5.3-1 .4-1.4.4L77 87.6c-.4 0-.9-.1-1.4-.3-.6-.2-1-.4-1.4-.6-1.1-.5-2.1-1.2-2.8-2-.8-.8-1.4-1.7-1.9-2.7-.5-1-.8-2-1-3.1-.2-1.1-.3-2.2-.3-3.4 0-2.7.5-5.4 1.4-8"/><path fill="#28225A" d="M33.6 78.3c.8-.9 1.9-1.5 3.2-1.8 2.5 0 5.1-.2 8-.4 2.9-.2 5.7-.7 8.6-1.3 2.9-.7 5.6-1.5 8.2-2.7 2.6-1.1 4.9-2.6 6.8-4.4l-31.9-.3c-.4 0-.8-.2-1.3-.5s-.9-.7-1.3-1.2-.7-1-1-1.5c-.3-.5-.4-1-.4-1.4l.2-21.6c0-.4.1-.8.4-1.4.2-.5.6-1 1-1.5s.8-.8 1.3-1.2c.5-.3.9-.5 1.3-.5l42.6.4c.6 0 1.1.2 1.6.5s.9.8 1.3 1.3.6 1.1.8 1.7c.2.6.3 1.2.3 1.7 0 .7-.1 1.4-.4 2.1-.3.7-.7 1.2-1.1 1.8-.5.5-1.1.9-1.7 1.3-.6.3-1.3.5-2 .5l-34.4-.3-.1 8.9 28.8.3c1.2 0 2.4.2 3.5.7 1.1.4 2.1 1.1 2.9 1.9.8.8 1.5 1.7 2 2.8.5 1.1.7 2.2.7 3.4 0 2.8-.9 5.2-2.5 7.4-1.7 2.2-3.7 4-6.2 5.7-2.4 1.6-5 3-7.8 4-2.7 1.1-5.2 1.9-7.3 2.4-6 1.6-12.2 2.4-18.5 2.3h-2.6c-1.3-.4-2.3-1.1-3.1-2-.8-.9-1.2-2.1-1.2-3.5.1-1.5.5-2.7 1.3-3.6"/><g fill="#28225A"><path d="M42.7 114.8c.1.1.2.3.2.5s-.1.4-.2.6-.3.2-.6.2h-7.2c-.2 0-.4-.1-.6-.2-.2-.2-.2-.4-.2-.6v-10.8c0-.2.1-.4.2-.6.2-.2.4-.2.6-.2h7.2c.2 0 .4.1.6.2.1.1.2.3.2.6 0 .2-.1.4-.2.5s-.3.2-.6.2h-6.4v3.9h4.6c.2 0 .4.1.6.2.2.1.2.3.2.6 0 .2-.1.4-.2.6-.2.1-.3.2-.6.2h-4.6v4h6.4c.3-.1.5-.1.6.1zM53.3 107.6c.1.1.2.3.2.6v7.1c0 .2-.1.4-.2.6s-.3.2-.6.2c-.2 0-.4-.1-.6-.2-.2-.2-.2-.3-.2-.6v-.2c-.3.3-.7.6-1.2.8-.5.2-1 .3-1.5.3-.7 0-1.4-.2-2-.5-.6-.3-1-.8-1.4-1.4-.3-.6-.5-1.4-.5-2.2v-3.9c0-.2.1-.4.2-.6.2-.2.3-.2.6-.2s.4.1.6.2c.2.2.2.3.2.6v3.9c0 .9.2 1.5.7 2 .5.4 1.1.7 1.8.7.4 0 .9-.1 1.2-.3.4-.2.7-.4.9-.7s.3-.7.3-1v-4.5c0-.2.1-.4.2-.6.2-.1.3-.2.6-.2.3-.2.5-.1.7.1zM62.4 107.5c.3.2.5.4.5.6v.2c-.1.3-.3.5-.6.5h-.2c-.4-.1-.8-.1-1-.1-.8 0-1.4.2-1.9.5-.5.4-.7.8-.7 1.4v4.7c0 .3-.1.5-.2.6s-.3.2-.6.2-.5-.1-.6-.2c-.1-.1-.2-.3-.2-.6v-7.2c0-.3.1-.5.2-.6.1-.1.3-.2.6-.2.5 0 .8.3.8.8v.3c.3-.4.7-.7 1.2-.9.5-.2 1-.3 1.5-.3.4.1.9.1 1.2.3zM71.2 107.9c.7.4 1.2.9 1.6 1.6.4.7.6 1.4.6 2.3 0 .9-.2 1.6-.6 2.3-.4.7-.9 1.2-1.6 1.6-.7.4-1.4.6-2.3.6s-1.6-.2-2.3-.6-1.2-.9-1.6-1.6-.6-1.4-.6-2.3c0-.9.2-1.6.6-2.3.4-.7.9-1.2 1.6-1.6.7-.4 1.4-.6 2.3-.6.9 0 1.6.2 2.3.6zm-3.8 1.2c-.4.3-.8.6-1 1.1s-.4 1-.4 1.6c0 .6.1 1.1.4 1.5.2.5.6.8 1 1.1.4.3.9.4 1.5.4s1-.1 1.5-.4c.4-.3.8-.6 1-1.1.2-.5.4-1 .4-1.5 0-.6-.1-1.1-.4-1.6s-.6-.8-1-1.1c-.4-.3-.9-.4-1.5-.4s-1 .2-1.5.4zM82.8 107.9c.7.4 1.2.9 1.6 1.6.4.7.6 1.4.6 2.3s-.2 1.6-.5 2.3c-.4.7-.8 1.2-1.5 1.6-.6.4-1.3.6-2.1.6-.6 0-1.2-.1-1.7-.4-.5-.3-1-.6-1.4-1.1v4.3c0 .2-.1.4-.2.6s-.3.2-.6.2c-.2 0-.4-.1-.6-.2s-.2-.3-.2-.6v-7.3c0-.8.2-1.6.6-2.3.4-.7.9-1.2 1.6-1.6.7-.4 1.4-.6 2.2-.6s1.5.2 2.2.6zm-.8 6.4c.4-.3.8-.6 1-1.1.3-.5.4-1 .4-1.5 0-.6-.1-1.1-.4-1.5-.2-.5-.6-.8-1-1.1s-.9-.4-1.4-.4-1 .1-1.4.4c-.4.3-.8.6-1 1.1s-.4 1-.4 1.5c0 .6.1 1.1.4 1.5.2.5.6.8 1 1.1.4.3.9.4 1.4.4s.9-.1 1.4-.4zM95.4 112.1c-.1.1-.3.2-.5.2h-6.1c.1.7.5 1.3 1 1.8.6.5 1.2.7 2.1.7.3 0 .7-.1 1-.2.3-.1.6-.3.9-.4.1-.1.3-.2.5-.2s.4.1.5.2c.2.2.3.3.3.5s-.1.4-.3.5c-.4.3-.8.5-1.4.7-.5.2-1.1.3-1.5.3-.9 0-1.7-.2-2.4-.6s-1.2-.9-1.6-1.6c-.4-.7-.6-1.4-.6-2.3 0-.9.2-1.6.6-2.3.4-.7.9-1.2 1.5-1.6.7-.4 1.4-.6 2.2-.6.8 0 1.5.2 2.1.5.6.4 1.1.9 1.4 1.5.3.7.5 1.4.5 2.2 0 .4-.1.6-.2.7zm-5.7-2.8c-.5.4-.8 1-.9 1.7h5.3c-.1-.7-.4-1.3-.8-1.7-.4-.4-1-.6-1.7-.6-.8 0-1.4.2-1.9.6zM104.3 107.9c.7.4 1.2.9 1.6 1.6.4.7.6 1.4.6 2.3v3.6c0 .2-.1.4-.2.6-.2.2-.3.2-.6.2-.2 0-.4-.1-.6-.2-.2-.2-.2-.3-.2-.6v-.6c-.4.5-.8.8-1.4 1.1-.5.3-1.1.4-1.7.4-.8 0-1.5-.2-2.1-.6-.6-.4-1.1-.9-1.5-1.6-.4-.7-.5-1.4-.5-2.3s.2-1.6.6-2.3c.4-.7.9-1.2 1.6-1.6.7-.4 1.4-.6 2.2-.6s1.5.2 2.2.6zm-.8 6.4c.4-.3.8-.6 1-1.1.2-.5.4-1 .4-1.5 0-.6-.1-1.1-.4-1.5s-.6-.8-1-1.1c-.4-.3-.9-.4-1.4-.4-.5 0-1 .1-1.4.4s-.8.6-1 1.1c-.2.5-.4 1-.4 1.5 0 .6.1 1.1.4 1.5.3.5.6.8 1 1.1.4.3.9.4 1.4.4.5 0 1-.1 1.4-.4zM115.6 107.8c.6.3 1 .8 1.4 1.4.3.6.5 1.4.5 2.2v3.9c0 .2-.1.4-.2.6s-.3.2-.6.2-.4-.1-.6-.2c-.2-.2-.2-.3-.2-.6v-3.9c0-.9-.2-1.5-.7-2-.5-.4-1.1-.7-1.8-.7-.4 0-.9.1-1.2.3s-.7.4-.9.7c-.2.3-.3.7-.3 1v4.5c0 .2-.1.4-.2.6s-.3.2-.6.2c-.2 0-.4-.1-.6-.2s-.2-.3-.2-.6v-7.1c0-.2.1-.4.2-.6s.3-.2.6-.2c.2 0 .4.1.6.2s.2.3.2.6v.2c.3-.3.7-.6 1.2-.8.5-.2 1-.3 1.5-.3.6.1 1.3.2 1.9.6zM131.4 108.5c.6.4 1.1.8 1.5 1.5.4.6.5 1.3.5 2.1s-.2 1.4-.5 2.1c-.4.6-.8 1.1-1.5 1.5-.6.4-1.3.5-2.1.5s-1.4-.2-2.1-.5c-.6-.4-1.1-.8-1.5-1.5-.4-.6-.5-1.3-.5-2.1 0-.2.1-.4.2-.6.1-.2.3-.2.6-.2s.4.1.6.2c.2.2.2.3.2.6 0 .5.1.9.3 1.2.2.4.5.7.9.9.4.2.8.3 1.2.3.5 0 .9-.1 1.2-.3.4-.2.7-.5.9-.9.2-.4.3-.8.3-1.2 0-.5-.1-.9-.3-1.2-.2-.4-.5-.7-.9-.9-.4-.2-.8-.3-1.2-.3h-2.7c-.2 0-.4-.1-.6-.2-.2-.2-.2-.3-.2-.6v-4.3c0-.2.1-.4.2-.6.1-.2.3-.2.6-.2h5.3c.2 0 .4.1.6.2.2.2.2.4.2.6 0 .2-.1.4-.2.6-.2.2-.3.2-.6.2h-4.5v2.7h1.9c.8-.2 1.5 0 2.2.4zM145.8 109.9c.2.2.2.4.2.6v3.8c0 .3-.1.5-.3.6-1.1.9-2.4 1.4-3.9 1.4-1.1 0-2.2-.3-3.1-.8-.9-.6-1.7-1.3-2.2-2.3s-.8-2.1-.8-3.2c0-1.2.3-2.2.8-3.2s1.3-1.7 2.2-2.3c.9-.6 2-.9 3.1-.9.8 0 1.5.1 2.1.3.6.2 1.2.6 1.8 1.1l.3.3c0 .1.1.2.1.4s-.1.4-.2.5c-.2.1-.3.2-.6.2-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.4-.4-.9-.6-1.3-.8s-1-.2-1.6-.2c-.8 0-1.6.2-2.3.7-.7.4-1.3 1-1.7 1.8-.4.8-.6 1.6-.6 2.5 0 .9.2 1.7.6 2.5.4.7 1 1.3 1.7 1.8.7.4 1.5.7 2.3.7.9 0 1.8-.3 2.6-.8v-2.8h-2.2c-.2 0-.4-.1-.6-.2s-.2-.3-.2-.5.1-.4.2-.5.4-.2.6-.2h3c.1-.6.3-.5.5-.3zM163.2 104.3c1 .5 1.7 1.3 2.3 2.3s.8 2.1.8 3.3-.3 2.3-.8 3.3-1.3 1.7-2.2 2.3c-1 .5-2.1.8-3.3.8s-2.3-.3-3.3-.8-1.7-1.3-2.2-2.3c-.5-1-.8-2.1-.8-3.3s.3-2.3.8-3.3 1.3-1.7 2.2-2.3c1-.5 2.1-.8 3.3-.8 1.1-.1 2.2.2 3.2.8zm-5.8 1.3c-.7.4-1.3 1-1.7 1.8-.4.7-.6 1.6-.6 2.5s.2 1.7.6 2.5c.4.7 1 1.3 1.7 1.8.7.4 1.5.6 2.4.6s1.7-.2 2.4-.6c.7-.4 1.3-1 1.7-1.8s.6-1.6.6-2.5-.2-1.7-.6-2.5-1-1.3-1.7-1.8c-.7-.4-1.5-.6-2.5-.6s-1.5.2-2.3.6zM169.9 103.6c.2 0 .4.1.6.2s.2.3.2.6v4.3c.4-.5.8-.8 1.4-1.1.5-.3 1.1-.4 1.7-.4.8 0 1.5.2 2.1.6.6.4 1.1.9 1.5 1.6s.5 1.4.5 2.3-.2 1.6-.6 2.3c-.4.7-.9 1.2-1.6 1.6-.7.4-1.4.6-2.2.6s-1.6-.2-2.2-.6c-.7-.4-1.2-.9-1.6-1.6-.4-.7-.6-1.4-.6-2.3v-7.3c0-.2.1-.4.2-.6s.4-.2.6-.2zm3.6 11.1c.5 0 1-.1 1.4-.4.4-.3.8-.6 1-1.1.3-.5.4-1 .4-1.5s-.1-1.1-.4-1.5c-.2-.5-.6-.8-1-1.1s-.9-.4-1.4-.4-1 .1-1.4.4c-.4.3-.8.6-1 1.1-.2.5-.4 1-.4 1.5s.1 1.1.4 1.5c.2.5.6.8 1 1.1.4.3.8.4 1.4.4zM185.6 107.6c.5.2 1 .5 1.3.9.1.2.2.3.2.5s-.1.3-.3.5c-.1.1-.3.1-.4.1-.3 0-.5-.1-.8-.3-.3-.2-.5-.4-.8-.5-.3-.1-.7-.2-1.1-.2-.5 0-.9.1-1.2.2-.3.2-.5.4-.5.7 0 .2.1.4.2.5s.3.3.6.4c.3.1.7.2 1.3.4 1.2.2 2 .6 2.5 1s.7 1 .7 1.6c0 .5-.1.9-.4 1.3s-.7.7-1.2.9c-.5.2-1.1.3-1.9.3s-1.4-.1-2-.3c-.6-.2-1.1-.5-1.5-.9-.1-.1-.2-.3-.2-.5 0-.3.1-.5.3-.6.2-.1.4-.2.6-.2.2 0 .4.1.6.3.2.2.5.4.9.6.4.2.8.2 1.3.2.6 0 1.1-.1 1.4-.3.3-.2.5-.5.5-.8 0-.3-.2-.6-.5-.8-.3-.2-.9-.4-1.7-.6-2-.4-3.1-1.2-3.1-2.5 0-.5.2-1 .5-1.3.3-.4.7-.6 1.2-.8.5-.2 1-.3 1.6-.3.8.2 1.4.3 1.9.5zM197.4 112.1c-.1.1-.3.2-.5.2h-6.1c.1.7.5 1.3 1 1.8.6.5 1.2.7 2.1.7.3 0 .7-.1 1-.2.3-.1.6-.3.9-.4.1-.1.3-.2.5-.2s.4.1.5.2c.2.2.3.3.3.5s-.1.4-.3.5c-.4.3-.8.5-1.4.7-.5.2-1.1.3-1.5.3-.9 0-1.7-.2-2.4-.6s-1.2-.9-1.6-1.6c-.4-.7-.6-1.4-.6-2.3 0-.9.2-1.6.6-2.3.4-.7.9-1.2 1.5-1.6.7-.4 1.4-.6 2.2-.6.8 0 1.5.2 2.1.5.6.4 1.1.9 1.4 1.5.3.7.5 1.4.5 2.2 0 .4 0 .6-.2.7zm-5.6-2.8c-.5.4-.8 1-.9 1.7h5.3c-.1-.7-.4-1.3-.8-1.7-.4-.4-1-.6-1.7-.6-.8 0-1.5.2-1.9.6zM205.7 107.5c.3.2.5.4.5.6v.2c-.1.3-.3.5-.6.5h-.2c-.4-.1-.8-.1-1-.1-.8 0-1.4.2-1.9.5-.5.4-.7.8-.7 1.4v4.7c0 .3-.1.5-.2.6s-.3.2-.6.2-.5-.1-.6-.2c-.1-.1-.2-.3-.2-.6v-7.2c0-.3.1-.5.2-.6.1-.1.3-.2.6-.2.5 0 .8.3.8.8v.3c.3-.4.7-.7 1.2-.9.5-.2 1-.3 1.5-.3.5.1.9.1 1.2.3zM215.3 107.7c.1.1.1.2.1.4 0 .1 0 .2-.1.3l-3.4 7.2c-.2.4-.4.5-.7.5-.2 0-.3 0-.4-.1-.1-.1-.2-.2-.3-.4l-3.4-7.2c0-.1-.1-.2-.1-.3 0-.3.1-.5.4-.7.1-.1.2-.1.3-.1s.3 0 .4.1l.3.3 2.8 6 2.8-6 .3-.3c.1-.1.3-.1.4-.1s.3 0 .4.1c0 .1.1.2.2.3zM223.6 107.9c.7.4 1.2.9 1.6 1.6.4.7.6 1.4.6 2.3v3.6c0 .2-.1.4-.2.6-.2.2-.3.2-.6.2-.2 0-.4-.1-.6-.2-.2-.2-.2-.3-.2-.6v-.6c-.4.5-.8.8-1.4 1.1-.5.3-1.1.4-1.7.4-.8 0-1.5-.2-2.1-.6-.6-.4-1.1-.9-1.5-1.6-.4-.7-.5-1.4-.5-2.3s.2-1.6.6-2.3c.4-.7.9-1.2 1.6-1.6.7-.4 1.4-.6 2.2-.6s1.6.2 2.2.6zm-.8 6.4c.4-.3.8-.6 1-1.1.2-.5.4-1 .4-1.5 0-.6-.1-1.1-.4-1.5s-.6-.8-1-1.1c-.4-.3-.9-.4-1.4-.4-.5 0-1 .1-1.4.4s-.8.6-1 1.1c-.2.5-.4 1-.4 1.5 0 .6.1 1.1.4 1.5.3.5.6.8 1 1.1.4.3.9.4 1.4.4.5 0 1-.1 1.4-.4zM232.8 114.7c.1.1.2.3.2.6 0 .2-.1.4-.3.6-.2.1-.4.2-.7.2h-.3c-.5 0-1-.1-1.4-.4-.4-.3-.8-.6-1-1.1-.2-.5-.4-1-.4-1.6v-4h-.7c-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.1-.1-.2-.3-.2-.5s.1-.4.2-.5c.1-.1.3-.2.5-.2h.7v-2.3c0-.2.1-.4.2-.6s.3-.2.6-.2c.2 0 .4.1.6.2s.2.3.2.6v2.3h1.4c.2 0 .4.1.5.2.1.1.2.3.2.5s-.1.4-.2.5-.3.2-.5.2h-1.4v4c0 .4.1.8.4 1.1.2.3.5.4.9.4h.5c.2 0 .4.1.5.2zM241.6 107.9c.7.4 1.2.9 1.6 1.6.4.7.6 1.4.6 2.3 0 .9-.2 1.6-.6 2.3-.4.7-.9 1.2-1.6 1.6-.7.4-1.4.6-2.3.6s-1.6-.2-2.3-.6-1.2-.9-1.6-1.6-.6-1.4-.6-2.3c0-.9.2-1.6.6-2.3.4-.7.9-1.2 1.6-1.6.7-.4 1.4-.6 2.3-.6.9 0 1.7.2 2.3.6zm-3.7 1.2c-.4.3-.8.6-1 1.1s-.4 1-.4 1.6c0 .6.1 1.1.4 1.5.2.5.6.8 1 1.1.4.3.9.4 1.5.4s1-.1 1.5-.4c.4-.3.8-.6 1-1.1.2-.5.4-1 .4-1.5 0-.6-.1-1.1-.4-1.6s-.6-.8-1-1.1c-.4-.3-.9-.4-1.5-.4s-1.1.2-1.5.4zM252.2 107.5c.3.2.5.4.5.6v.2c-.1.3-.3.5-.6.5h-.2c-.4-.1-.8-.1-1-.1-.8 0-1.4.2-1.9.5-.5.4-.7.8-.7 1.4v4.7c0 .3-.1.5-.2.6s-.3.2-.6.2-.5-.1-.6-.2c-.1-.1-.2-.3-.2-.6v-7.2c0-.3.1-.5.2-.6.1-.1.3-.2.6-.2.5 0 .8.3.8.8v.3c.3-.4.7-.7 1.2-.9.5-.2 1-.3 1.5-.3.4.1.9.1 1.2.3zM261.9 108.1c0 .1 0 .2-.1.4l-4.9 11c-.1.3-.3.5-.6.5-.1 0-.2 0-.4-.1-.3-.1-.5-.3-.5-.6 0-.1 0-.3.1-.4l1.6-3.6-3.6-6.8c-.1-.1-.1-.2-.1-.3 0-.1 0-.3.1-.4l.3-.3c.1 0 .2-.1.3-.1.3 0 .5.1.7.4l2.9 5.8 2.6-5.8c.1-.3.3-.5.6-.5.1 0 .3 0 .4.1.5.2.6.4.6.7z"/></g><g fill="#FFC700"><path d="M197.5 49h5.9l-4.7 3.5 1.8 5.6-4.7-3.4-4.7 3.4 1.8-5.6-4.7-3.5h5.8l1.8-5.5 1.7 5.5zM222.1 29.7h5.8l-4.7 3.5 1.8 5.7-4.7-3.5-4.7 3.5 1.9-5.7-4.8-3.5h5.9l1.7-5.5 1.8 5.5zM251 57.5h5.8l-4.7 3.6 1.9 5.6-4.7-3.5-4.7 3.5 1.8-5.6-4.7-3.6h5.8l1.8-5.4 1.7 5.4zM188.9 73.9h3.5l-2.8 2.2 1.1 3.3-2.8-2.1-2.8 2.1 1.1-3.3-2.8-2.2h3.4l1.1-3.2 1 3.2zM177.2 20.7h3.3l-2.6 1.9 1 3.1-2.6-1.9-2.6 1.9 1-3.1-2.6-1.9h3.2l1-3 .9 3zM260.3 30.1h3.2l-2.6 1.9 1 3.1-2.6-1.9-2.5 1.9 1-3.1-2.6-1.9h3.2l.9-3 1 3zM227 63.4h3.2l-2.6 1.9 1 3.1-2.6-1.9-2.6 1.9 1.1-3.1-2.7-1.9h3.3l.9-3 1 3zM150.9 44.1h3.3l-2.6 2 1 3.1-2.6-2-2.6 2 1-3.1-2.6-2h3.2l1-3 .9 3z"/></g><g stroke="#292459" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-miterlimit="10"><path fill="none" stroke-width="1.297" d="m151 69.8-10.2 17.8M154.5 69.8v18M157.8 69.7l10.4 18.1"/><path fill="#00A2DE" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.297" d="M150.7 64.8h7.8v5.5h-7.8zM181.5 58l-6.2 2.8-6.5-15.1L175 43z"/><path fill="#D6E7F2" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.2970648500000002" d="m152.76 53.902 16.405-7.167 5.805 13.288-16.403 7.167z"/><path fill="#D6E7F2" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.2970648500000002" d="m140.346 61.824 13.379-5.846 3.964 9.073-13.38 5.846z"/><path fill="#D6E7F2" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.2970648500000002" d="m133.054 66.495 7.881-3.444 2.763 6.323-7.881 3.444z"/><path fill="#00A2DE" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.2970648500000002" d="m129.298 66.612 3.116-1.361 3.964 9.072-3.116 1.361z"/><path fill="none" stroke-width=".865" d="m171.5 58.8-11.3 5M154.4 64l-8.9 3.9M141 68.7l-4.1 1.8"/></g></svg> </div> </a> <div id="menu-mobile" class="navigationMobile animated"> <div class="animated contientNavMobile"> <div class="leMenuMobile"> <div class="creditsMobile"> <img src="http://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/themes/5gObservatory/images/logoEC.png" style="width:80px; height: auto; margin-bottom:5px" alt="THE EUROPEAN COMMISION"> <div class="supported"> SUPPORTED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION </div> <div class="powered"> PRODUCED BY <a href="https://www.ey.com/en_be" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">EY</a>, <a href="https://www.policytracker.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">POLICYTRACKER</a> AND <a href="https://www.lstelcom.com/en/home/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">LS TELCOM</a> </div> </div> <div class="menu-top-container"><ul><li id="menu-item-2877" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2877"><a href="#">About</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-68" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-68"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/about/what-is-5g/">What is 5G?</a></li> <li id="menu-item-67" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-67"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/about/what-is-the-european-5g-observatory/">What is the European 5G Observatory?</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-2878" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2878"><a href="#">Reporting</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-62" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-62"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/observatory-overview/observatory-reports/">Observatory Reports</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5015" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5015"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/observatory-overview/interactive-5g-scoreboard/">5G Scoreboard</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6816" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6816"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/detailed-country-profiles/">Detailed country profiles</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5279" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5279"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/overview-5g-commercial-launches/">Commercial 5G launches</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5276" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5276"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/5g-private-networks/">5G Private networks</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5277" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5277"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/supply-market-trends-vendors-major-procurements-open-ran-multivendor-deployments/">Supply market trends</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5278" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5278"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/the-links-between-emf-developments-and-5g-policy-goals/">Links between EMF and 5G policy goals</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5274" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5274"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/5g-corridors/">5G Corridors</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5275" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5275"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/5g-cybersecurity-toolbox-implementation/">5G cybersecurity toolbox</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-2795" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2795"><a href="#">EU initiatives</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-2814" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2814"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/eu-5g-initiatives/">Overview</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2799" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-2799"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/5g-action-plan/">5G Action Plan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2796" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-2796"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/gigabit-society/">Gigabit Society</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2797" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-2797"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/eu-digital-decade/">EU Digital Decade</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2798" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-2798"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/5g-security-toolbox/">5G Security Toolbox</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3601" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-3601"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/connectivity-toolbox/">Connectivity Toolbox</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-2802" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2802"><a href="#">Themes</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-2883" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2883"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/themes/">Overview</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2803" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2803"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/tag/5g-verticals/">5G verticals</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2804" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2804"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/tag/green-5g/">Green 5G</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2805" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2805"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/tag/5g-coverage/">5G coverage</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2806" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2806"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/tag/5g-security/">5G security</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2807" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2807"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/tag/network-slicing/">Network slicing</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2808" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2808"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/tag/open-ran/">Open RAN</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-2879" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2879"><a href="#">5G Policy</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-57" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-57"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/national-5g-plans-and-strategies/">National 5G Strategies</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2838" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2838"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/public-funding-of-5g-rd-including-trials/">Public 5G funding</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-2880" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2880"><a href="#">5G spectrum</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-2912" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2912"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/5g-spectrum/">Overview</a></li> <li id="menu-item-53" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-53"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/national-5g-spectrum-assignment/">National 5G spectrum assignment</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-2787" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2787"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/archive/">Archive</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5660" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5660"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/email-list-subscribe-page/">Newsletter</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div>  <nav class="nav" role="navigation"> <div class="credits" > <img src="http://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/themes/5gObservatory/images/logoEC.png" style="width:80px; height: auto; margin-bottom:5px" alt="THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION"> <div class="supported"> SUPPORTED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION </div> <div class="powered"> PRODUCED BY <a href="https://www.ey.com/en_be" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">EY</a>, <a href="https://www.policytracker.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">POLICYTRACKER</a> AND <a href="https://www.lstelcom.com/en/home/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">LS TELCOM</a> </div> </div> <div class="menu-top-container"><ul><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2877"><a href="#">About</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-68"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/about/what-is-5g/">What is 5G?</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-67"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/about/what-is-the-european-5g-observatory/">What is the European 5G Observatory?</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2878"><a href="#">Reporting</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-62"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/observatory-overview/observatory-reports/">Observatory Reports</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5015"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/observatory-overview/interactive-5g-scoreboard/">5G Scoreboard</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6816"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/detailed-country-profiles/">Detailed country profiles</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5279"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/overview-5g-commercial-launches/">Commercial 5G launches</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5276"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/5g-private-networks/">5G Private networks</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5277"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/supply-market-trends-vendors-major-procurements-open-ran-multivendor-deployments/">Supply market trends</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5278"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/the-links-between-emf-developments-and-5g-policy-goals/">Links between EMF and 5G policy goals</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5274"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/5g-corridors/">5G Corridors</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5275"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/5g-cybersecurity-toolbox-implementation/">5G cybersecurity toolbox</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2795"><a href="#">EU initiatives</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2814"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/eu-5g-initiatives/">Overview</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-2799"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/5g-action-plan/">5G Action Plan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-2796"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/gigabit-society/">Gigabit Society</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-2797"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/eu-digital-decade/">EU Digital Decade</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-2798"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/5g-security-toolbox/">5G Security Toolbox</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-3601"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/connectivity-toolbox/">Connectivity Toolbox</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2802"><a href="#">Themes</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2883"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/themes/">Overview</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2803"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/tag/5g-verticals/">5G verticals</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2804"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/tag/green-5g/">Green 5G</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2805"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/tag/5g-coverage/">5G coverage</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2806"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/tag/5g-security/">5G security</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2807"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/tag/network-slicing/">Network slicing</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2808"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/tag/open-ran/">Open RAN</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2879"><a href="#">5G Policy</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-57"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/national-5g-plans-and-strategies/">National 5G Strategies</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2838"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/public-funding-of-5g-rd-including-trials/">Public 5G funding</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2880"><a href="#">5G spectrum</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2912"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/5g-spectrum/">Overview</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-53"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/national-5g-spectrum-assignment/">National 5G spectrum assignment</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2787"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/archive/">Archive</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5660"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/email-list-subscribe-page/">Newsletter</a></li> </ul></div> <div class="clear"></div> </nav>    <a id="contientIcon-nav" href="#menu-mobile" class="open-nav-mobile-link"> <div id="nav-icon" > <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </div> </a>  <div class="searchTool"> <div class="searchRelative"> <div class="closeSearch"></div> <div class="search-icon"> <span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="wrap"> <div id="content"> <div id="post-4" class="post-4 page type-page status-publish hentry"> <div class="heroAccueil" > <div class="empagement blanc height100"> <div class="phraseHero"> <p class="p1" style="text-align: center;">The 5G Observatory website is produced under a contract from the European Commission which has now come to an end. The service will be revived and updated in a few months, and hosted on the Commission’s Europa domain on the basis of a new service contract. Watch this space for more details. The information on the website was correct on 19 July 2024 but has not been updated since then.</p> <p style="text-align: center;">This website monitored the 5G market, assessing progress towards EU policy goals such as the<span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #ffffff;"> <a style="color: #ffffff;" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/5g-action-plan/"><span class="s1">5G Action Plan</span></a></span></span>, the<span style="text-decoration: underline;"> <span style="color: #ffffff; text-decoration: underline;"><a style="color: #ffffff; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/5g-security-toolbox/"><span class="s1">5G Security Toolbox</span></a></span> </span>and <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/eu-digital-decade/"><span class="s1"><span style="color: #ffffff; text-decoration: underline;">the Digital Decade</span></span></a></span>.</p> </div> </div> </div> <section class="heroBanner"> <div class="empagement"> <div class="col1"> <h3>View the latest</h3> <h2 class="bold">5G Observatory Scoreboard</h2> <p> The scoreboard provides an overview of the state of 5G in the European Union. It is updated regularly. </p> <a href="/observatory-overview/interactive-5g-scoreboard/"> <button class="button button--white">View Here</button> </a> </div> <div class="images"> <div class="image"> <img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/themes/5gObservatory/images/the_european_scoreboard.jpg"> </div> <div class="image"> <img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/themes/5gObservatory/images/the_international_scoreboard.jpg"> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> <section class="conteneurGris paddingTopBottom120"> <div class="empagement"> <div class="conteneurGrille" style="display:flex;flex-direction: column;"> <div class="titreSliderNews"> <div class="iconeNews"> <svg version="1.0" id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 68 68" style="enable-background:new 0 0 68 68;" xml:space="preserve"> <style type="text/css"> .st0{fill:#006FB3;} .st1{fill:#FFFFFF;} </style> <g> <path class="st0" d="M34.1,67c18.3,0,33.1-14.8,33.1-33.1S52.3,0.9,34.1,0.9S1,15.7,1,33.9S15.8,67,34.1,67"/> </g> <path class="st1" d="M46,34.3L41,29.4l5.1-4.9V34.3z M35.4,34.9l5.1-4.9l5.1,4.9H35.4z M34.8,24.5l5.1,4.9l-5.1,4.9V24.5z M45.5,24 l-5.1,4.9L35.4,24H45.5z M46.8,23.3H34v12.4h12.7V23.3z"/> <rect x="28.1" y="46.8" class="st1" width="18.7" height="0.8"/> <rect x="35.3" y="44.2" class="st1" width="11.6" height="0.8"/> <path class="st1" d="M31.7,34.9h-4.9v-11h4.9V34.9z M32.4,23.2h-6.4v12.5h6.4V23.2z"/> <path class="st1" d="M46,41.1H26.8v-3H46V41.1z M46.8,37.3H26.1v4.5h20.7V37.3z"/> <g> <path class="st1" d="M24.2,48.7l0-28.7l1.7-1.6l2.1,2l2.1-2l2.1,2l2.1-2l2.1,2l2.1-2l2.1,2l2.1-2l2.1,2l2.1-2l1.7,1.6l0,0.8v27.9 c0,0.6-0.5,1.1-1.1,1.1l-23.6,0C24.1,49.5,24.2,49.1,24.2,48.7 M49.4,20.8l0-1.1l-2.5-2.4l-2.1,2l-2.1-2l-2.1,2l-2.1-2l-2.1,2 l-2.1-2l-2.1,2l-2.1-2l-2.1,2l-2.1-2l-2.5,2.4v29c0,0.6-0.5,1.1-1.1,1.1s-1.1-0.5-1.1-1.1l0-23.3c0-1.1-0.9-1.9-1.9-1.9 c-1.1,0-1.9,0.9-1.9,1.9v13.2h0.8V25.4c0-0.6,0.5-1.1,1.1-1.1c0.6,0,1.1,0.5,1.1,1.1l0,23.3c0,1,0.8,1.9,1.9,1.9v0l25.2,0 c1.1,0,1.9-0.9,1.9-1.9V20.8z"/> </g> </svg> </div> <h2 class="bold bleu1">Latest News in Europe</h2> </div> <div class="sliderNews"> <div class="blocSlider"> <a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/germany-bans-huawei-and-zte-from-telecommunications-network/"><img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/christian-wiediger-cUF4SSxY_KA-unsplash-300x225.jpg"></a> <div class="texteBlocSLider"> <h3 class="bold bleu1">Germany bans Huawei and ZTE from telecommunications network</h3> <div class="extraitBlocNews"> <p>By the end of 2026, mobile operators will have to remove equipment from their core networks, and by 2029 wider network components must also be replaced.</p> </div></div></div ><div class="blocSlider"> <a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/telefonica-and-nokia-to-collaborate-for-private-5g-offering-in-spain/"><img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/close-up-of-nokia-headquarters-in-espoo-finland_0.jpg1-ezgif.com-crop-300x225.jpg"></a> <div class="texteBlocSLider"> <h3 class="bold bleu1">Telefónica and Nokia to collaborate for private 5G offering in Spain</h3> <div class="extraitBlocNews"> <p>The companies have signed a three-year agreement to drive the deployment of private networks.</p> <p class="fadv"><p><a href="https://www.kmsauto.ac/">KmsAuto 2025</a></p></span></div></div></div ><div class="blocSlider"> <a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/new-white-paper-on-the-future-of-telecommunications-published/"><img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/20230626_foto-300x225.png"></a> <div class="texteBlocSLider"> <h3 class="bold bleu1">New white paper on the future of telecommunications published</h3> <div class="extraitBlocNews"> <p>The paper was published through a programme funded by the European Commission.</p> <p class="fadv">Experience the excitement of winning with huge rewards at <a href="https://casinoarab.com/">online casino</a>.</span></div></div></div ><div class="blocSlider"> <a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/5g-observatory-releases-latest-report/"><img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/christian-lue-8Yw6tsB8tnc-unsplash-300x225.jpg"></a> <div class="texteBlocSLider"> <h3 class="bold bleu1">5G Observatory releases latest report</h3> <div class="extraitBlocNews"> <p>The newest edition of the 5G Observatory bi-annual report has now been published.</p> <p class="fadv">Официальный сайт <a href="https://erasethestate.com/">Vavada</a> предлагает простой процесс регистрации, быструю активацию бонусов, доступ через рабочее зеркало. Получите фриспины и промокоды.</span></div></div></div ><div class="blocSlider"> <a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/netherlands-completes-3-6-ghz-spectrum-auction/"><img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/alexander-Fikk06-einI-unsplash-300x225.jpg"></a> <div class="texteBlocSLider"> <h3 class="bold bleu1">Netherlands completes 3.6 GHz spectrum auction</h3> <div class="extraitBlocNews"> <p>The country is the last EU Member State to make the band available for 5G.</p> <p class="fadv">A technológia és az innováció iránt érdeklődők számára a <a href="https://wonaco.hu">Wonaco kaszino</a> izgalmas online kaszinójátékokat kínál, amelyek garantáltan feldobják a napot.</span></div></div></div ><div class="blocSlider"> <a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/o2-telefonica-to-expand-5g-network-on-german-motorways/"><img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/5G-Netzausbau-an-den-Autobahnen-149-1280x720-1-300x225.jpg"></a> <div class="texteBlocSLider"> <h3 class="bold bleu1">O2 Telefónica to expand 5G network on German motorways</h3> <div class="extraitBlocNews"> <p>The German mobile operator has signed a cooperation agreement with Autobahn GmbH to improve coverage.</p> <p class="fadv">Специальное предложение от <a href="https://dom-muzeipirogovih.ru">Пинко Казино</a> – 160% бонус на ваш первый депозит для ставок на спорт или казино</span></div></div></div ><div class="blocSlider"> <a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/spain-extends-mobile-operator-spectrum-licences-by-10-years/"><img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/max-harlynking-hElvpgJam3U-unsplash-300x225.jpg"></a> <div class="texteBlocSLider"> <h3 class="bold bleu1">Spain extends mobile operator spectrum licences by 10 years</h3> <div class="extraitBlocNews"> <p>The Spanish Ministry of Digital Transformation will extend the licences at no extra cost.</p> <p class="fadv">Külön köszönet az <a href="https://energykaszino.net">energykaszino.net</a> támogatásáért, amely folyamatban lévő projektünk sikerét segíti elő.</span></div></div></div ><div class="blocSlider"> <a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/german-regulator-expands-its-mapping-tool-to-track-5g-standalone-deployment/"><img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Screenshot-2024-06-26-at-11.35.19-300x225.png"></a> <div class="texteBlocSLider"> <h3 class="bold bleu1">German regulator expands its mapping tool to track 5G standalone deployment</h3> <div class="extraitBlocNews"> <p>The Bundesnetzagentur (BNetzA) says the new tool provides a “clear overview” of where the technology is available.</p> </div></div></div ><div class="blocSlider"> <a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/latest-ericsson-mobility-report-reveals-mixed-picture-for-europes-5g-progress/"><img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/mp-ericsson-hq-signage-14-compressed-300x225.jpg"></a> <div class="texteBlocSLider"> <h3 class="bold bleu1">Latest Ericsson Mobility report reveals mixed picture for Europe’s 5G progress</h3> <div class="extraitBlocNews"> <p>Ericsson has launched its latest Mobility report, which features data on global mobile deployments.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div style="text-align:center"> <a class="button allNews" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/type-d-article/in-eu/">All news in Europe</a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="conteneurGris paddingTopBottom120"> <div class="empagement"> <div class="conteneurGrille grid"> <div class="titreSliderNews col-5_sm-12"> <h2 class="bold bleu1" style="margin-left: 0px; font-size:20px; line-height:normal">Latest News outside Europe</h2> </div> <div class="col-7_sm-12"> <div class="blocNewsOutside"> <div class="texteBlocNewsOutside"> <div class="grid"> <div class="col-3"> <a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/5g-observatory-releases-latest-report/"><img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/christian-lue-8Yw6tsB8tnc-unsplash-300x225.jpg"></a> </div> <div class="col-9"> <h3 class="bold bleu1"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/5g-observatory-releases-latest-report/">5G Observatory releases latest report</a></h3> <div class="extraitBlocNews"> <p>The newest edition of the 5G Observatory bi-annual report has now been published.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="blocNewsOutside"> <div class="texteBlocNewsOutside"> <div class="grid"> <div class="col-3"> <a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/latest-ericsson-mobility-report-reveals-mixed-picture-for-europes-5g-progress/"><img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/mp-ericsson-hq-signage-14-compressed-300x225.jpg"></a> </div> <div class="col-9"> <h3 class="bold bleu1"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/latest-ericsson-mobility-report-reveals-mixed-picture-for-europes-5g-progress/">Latest Ericsson Mobility report reveals mixed picture for Europe’s 5G progress</a></h3> <div class="extraitBlocNews"> <p>Ericsson has launched its latest Mobility report, which features data on global mobile deployments.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="blocNewsOutside"> <div class="texteBlocNewsOutside"> <div class="grid"> <div class="col-3"> <a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/hong-kong-awards-26-ghz-and-28-ghz/"><img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/ruslan-bardash-WMSvsWzhM0g-unsplash-300x225.jpg"></a> </div> <div class="col-9"> <h3 class="bold bleu1"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/hong-kong-awards-26-ghz-and-28-ghz/">Hong Kong awards 26 GHz and 28 GHz</a></h3> <div class="extraitBlocNews"> <p>The Office of the Communication Authority awarded mmWave spectrum for the provision of 5G services.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="blocNewsOutside"> <div class="texteBlocNewsOutside"> <div class="grid"> <div class="col-3"> <a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/gsma-launches-5g-connectivity-index/"><img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/GSMA-logo-300x225.png"></a> </div> <div class="col-9"> <h3 class="bold bleu1"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/gsma-launches-5g-connectivity-index/">GSMA launches 5G Connectivity index</a></h3> <div class="extraitBlocNews"> <p>The mobile industry association has launched a new interactive index to track the rollout of 5G.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a class="button allNews" href="https://5gobservatory.eu/type-d-article/outside-eu/">All news outside Europe</a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="paddingTopBottom120 zoneNewsletter"> <a class="button" href="email-list-subscribe-page/" target="_blank">Subscribe to our mailing list</a>    </div> <footer> <div class="empagement"> <div class="grid-4_sm-1"> <div class="col logoFooter"> <img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/themes/5gObservatory/images/logo5G.svg" width="150" height="auto" /> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="menu-footer-container"><ul><li id="menu-item-3117" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3117"><a href="#">About</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-93" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-93"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/about/what-is-5g/">What is 5G?</a></li> <li id="menu-item-92" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-92"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/about/what-is-the-european-5g-observatory/">What is the European 5G Observatory?</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-3118" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3118"><a href="#">Overview</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-5014" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5014"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/observatory-overview/observatory-reports/">Observatory Reports</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5013" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5013"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/observatory-overview/interactive-5g-scoreboard/">5G Scoreboard</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul></div> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="menu-footer-container"><ul><li id="menu-item-6119" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-6119"><a href="#">EU Initiatives</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-6120" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6120"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/eu-5g-initiatives/">Overview</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6121" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-6121"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/5g-action-plan/">5G Action Plan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6122" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-6122"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/gigabit-society/">Gigabit Society</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6123" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-6123"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/eu-digital-decade/">EU Digital Decade</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6124" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-6124"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/5g-security-toolbox/">5G Security Toolbox</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-6125" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-6125"><a href="#">Themes</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-6126" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6126"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/themes/">Themes</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6127" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-6127"><a href="/tag/5g-verticals/">5G verticals</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6128" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-6128"><a href="/tag/green-5g/">Green 5G</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6129" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-6129"><a href="/tag/5g-coverage/">5G coverage</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6130" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-6130"><a href="http://tag/5g-security/">5G security</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6131" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-6131"><a href="/tag/network-slicing/">Network slicing</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6132" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-6132"><a href="http://tag/open-ran/">Open RAN</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul></div> </div> <div class="col bold colExtra"> <div class="menu-footer-container"><ul><li id="menu-item-6133" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-6133"><a href="#">5G Policy</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-6134" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6134"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/national-5g-plans-and-strategies/">National 5G Strategies</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6135" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6135"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/public-funding-of-5g-rd-including-trials/">Public 5G funding</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-6136" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-6136"><a href="#">5G Spectrum</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-6137" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-6137"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/category/5g-spectrum/">5G spectrum</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6138" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6138"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/national-5g-spectrum-assignment/">National 5G spectrum assignment</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul></div>  </div> </div> </div> <div class="bg-blue w-full"> <div class="empagement w-full footer-bottom-menu"> <div class="menu-footer-container"><ul><li id="menu-item-707" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-707"><a href="mailto:info@5Gobservatory.eu">Contact</a></li> <li id="menu-item-111" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-111"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/legal-mentions/">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2480" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2480"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/cookie-policy/">Cookie Policy & Do Not Track</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3142" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3142"><a href="https://5gobservatory.eu/archive/">Archive</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </footer> </div>  <div id="searchPanel"> <div id="closeSearch"> <div class="hamburgerCloseSearch" id="hamburgerCloseSearch"> <span class="line background_blanc"></span> <span class="line background_blanc"></span> </div> </div> <div id="sidebar"> <div id="search-2" class="widget widget_search"><form method="get" class="searchform" action="https://5gobservatory.eu/"> <label for="s" class="screen-reader-text">Search for: </label> <input type="text" name="s" id="s" placeholder="Search..."> <input type="submit" class="search-submit" value="Search"> </form></div> </div> </div> <template id="popup-newsletter"> <div class="popup-newsletter-content z-40 fixed left-0 top-0 w-full h-full bg-black bg-opacity-90 flex flex-col justify-center items-center" style="margin: 0;"> <div id="closeSearch" class="absolute right-10 top-10"> <div class="hamburgerCloseSearch" id="hamburgerCloseSearch"> <span class="line background_blanc"></span> <span class="line background_blanc"></span> </div> </div> <div class="block w-full h-24"></div> <iframe data-w-type="embedded" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" src="https://01tg1.mjt.lu/wgt/01tg1/0yt/form?c=bff8ebe2" width="650" height="611" style="max-height: 611px;width:100%; max-width: 650px;"></iframe> <div class="block w-full h-24"></div> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://app.mailjet.com/pas-nc-embedded-v1.js"></script> <div class="ring-loading !absolute left-1/2 top-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 -translate-y-1/2"> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </div> </div> </template> <div class="wt-cli-cookie-bar-container" data-nosnippet="true"><div id="cookie-law-info-bar" role="dialog" aria-live="polite" aria-label="cookieconsent" aria-describedby="wt-cli-cookie-banner" data-cli-geo-loc="0" style="padding:13px 20px; text-align:left;" class="wt-cli-cookie-bar"><div class="cli-wrapper"><span id="wt-cli-cookie-banner"><div class="cli-bar-container cli-style-v2"><div class="cli-bar-message">We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. By clicking “Accept”, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. However you may visit Cookie Settings to provide a controlled consent. <a href="http://5gobservatory.eu/cookie-policy/">More infos</a>.</div><div class="cli-bar-btn_container"><a id="wt-cli-settings-btn" tabindex="0" role='button' style="border-bottom:1px solid; text-decoration:none;"class="wt-cli-element cli_settings_button" >Cookie settings</a><a id="wt-cli-accept-btn" tabindex="0" role='button' style="margin:5px 5px 5px 30px; border-top-left-radius:30px; border-top-right-radius:30px; border-bottom-right-radius:30px; border-bottom-left-radius:30px; padding:8px 25px; border-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);" data-cli_action="accept" class="wt-cli-element medium cli-plugin-button cli-plugin-main-button cookie_action_close_header cli_action_button" >ACCEPT</a></div></div></span></div></div><div tabindex="0" id="cookie-law-info-again" style="display:none;"><span id="cookie_hdr_showagain">Manage consent</span></div><div class="cli-modal" id="cliSettingsPopup" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-privacy-title" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="cli-modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="cli-modal-content cli-bar-popup"> <button aria-label="Close" type="button" class="cli-modal-close" id="cliModalClose"> <svg class="" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41l-1.41-1.41-5.59 5.59-5.59-5.59-1.41 1.41 5.59 5.59-5.59 5.59 1.41 1.41 5.59-5.59 5.59 5.59 1.41-1.41-5.59-5.59z"></path><path d="M0 0h24v24h-24z" fill="none"></path></svg> <span class="wt-cli-sr-only">Close</span> </button> <div class="cli-modal-body"> <div class="wt-cli-element cli-container-fluid cli-tab-container"> <div class="cli-row"> <div class="cli-col-12 cli-align-items-stretch cli-px-0"> <div class="cli-privacy-overview"> <h4 id='wt-cli-privacy-title'>Privacy Overview</h4> <div class="cli-privacy-content"> <div class="cli-privacy-content-text">This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience.</div> </div> <a id="wt-cli-privacy-readmore" tabindex="0" role="button" class="cli-privacy-readmore" data-readmore-text="Show more" data-readless-text="Show less"></a> </div> </div> <div class="cli-col-12 cli-align-items-stretch cli-px-0 cli-tab-section-container"> <div class="cli-tab-section"> <div class="cli-tab-header"> <a id="wt-cli-tab-link-necessary" tabindex="0" role="tab" aria-expanded="false" aria-describedby="wt-cli-tab-necessary" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-necessary" class="cli-nav-link cli-settings-mobile" data-target="necessary" data-toggle="cli-toggle-tab"> Necessary </a> <div class="wt-cli-necessary-checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" class="cli-user-preference-checkbox" id="wt-cli-checkbox-necessary" aria-label="Necessary" data-id="checkbox-necessary" checked="checked" /> <label class="form-check-label" for="wt-cli-checkbox-necessary"> Necessary </label> </div> <span class="cli-necessary-caption"> Always Enabled </span> </div> <div class="cli-tab-content"> <div id="wt-cli-tab-necessary" tabindex="0" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-necessary" class="cli-tab-pane cli-fade" data-id="necessary"> <p>Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously.<br /> <table class="wt-cli-element cookielawinfo-row-cat-table cookielawinfo-winter"><thead><tr><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-1">Cookie</th><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-3">Duration</th><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-4">Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">cookielawinfo-checkbox-advertisement</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">1 year</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Advertisement".</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">cookielawinfo-checkbox-analytics</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">1 year</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">This cookies is set by GDPR Cookie Consent WordPress Plugin. The cookie is used to remember the user consent for the cookies under the category "Analytics".</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">cookielawinfo-checkbox-necessary</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">1 year</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary".</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">cookielawinfo-checkbox-performance</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">1 year</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance".</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">viewed_cookie_policy</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">1 year</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. It does not store any personal data.</td></tr></tbody></table></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-section"> <div class="cli-tab-header"> <a id="wt-cli-tab-link-functional" tabindex="0" role="tab" aria-expanded="false" aria-describedby="wt-cli-tab-functional" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-functional" class="cli-nav-link cli-settings-mobile" data-target="functional" data-toggle="cli-toggle-tab"> Functional </a> <div class="cli-switch"> <input type="checkbox" class="cli-user-preference-checkbox" id="wt-cli-checkbox-functional" aria-label="functional" data-id="checkbox-functional" role="switch" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-link-functional" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-functional" /> <label for="wt-cli-checkbox-functional" class="cli-slider" data-cli-enable="Enabled" data-cli-disable="Disabled"><span class="wt-cli-sr-only">functional</span></label> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-content"> <div id="wt-cli-tab-functional" tabindex="0" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-functional" class="cli-tab-pane cli-fade" data-id="functional"> <p>Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features.<br /> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-section"> <div class="cli-tab-header"> <a id="wt-cli-tab-link-performance" tabindex="0" role="tab" aria-expanded="false" aria-describedby="wt-cli-tab-performance" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-performance" class="cli-nav-link cli-settings-mobile" data-target="performance" data-toggle="cli-toggle-tab"> Performance </a> <div class="cli-switch"> <input type="checkbox" class="cli-user-preference-checkbox" id="wt-cli-checkbox-performance" aria-label="performance" data-id="checkbox-performance" role="switch" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-link-performance" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-performance" /> <label for="wt-cli-checkbox-performance" class="cli-slider" data-cli-enable="Enabled" data-cli-disable="Disabled"><span class="wt-cli-sr-only">performance</span></label> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-content"> <div id="wt-cli-tab-performance" tabindex="0" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-performance" class="cli-tab-pane cli-fade" data-id="performance"> <p>Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors.<br /> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-section"> <div class="cli-tab-header"> <a id="wt-cli-tab-link-analytics" tabindex="0" role="tab" aria-expanded="false" aria-describedby="wt-cli-tab-analytics" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-analytics" class="cli-nav-link cli-settings-mobile" data-target="analytics" data-toggle="cli-toggle-tab"> Analytics </a> <div class="cli-switch"> <input type="checkbox" class="cli-user-preference-checkbox" id="wt-cli-checkbox-analytics" aria-label="analytics" data-id="checkbox-analytics" role="switch" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-link-analytics" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-analytics" /> <label for="wt-cli-checkbox-analytics" class="cli-slider" data-cli-enable="Enabled" data-cli-disable="Disabled"><span class="wt-cli-sr-only">analytics</span></label> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-content"> <div id="wt-cli-tab-analytics" tabindex="0" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-analytics" class="cli-tab-pane cli-fade" data-id="analytics"> <p>Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc.<br /> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-section"> <div class="cli-tab-header"> <a id="wt-cli-tab-link-advertisement" tabindex="0" role="tab" aria-expanded="false" aria-describedby="wt-cli-tab-advertisement" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-advertisement" class="cli-nav-link cli-settings-mobile" data-target="advertisement" data-toggle="cli-toggle-tab"> Advertisement </a> <div class="cli-switch"> <input type="checkbox" class="cli-user-preference-checkbox" id="wt-cli-checkbox-advertisement" aria-label="advertisement" data-id="checkbox-advertisement" role="switch" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-link-advertisement" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-advertisement" /> <label for="wt-cli-checkbox-advertisement" class="cli-slider" data-cli-enable="Enabled" data-cli-disable="Disabled"><span class="wt-cli-sr-only">advertisement</span></label> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-content"> <div id="wt-cli-tab-advertisement" tabindex="0" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-advertisement" class="cli-tab-pane cli-fade" data-id="advertisement"> <p>Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads.<br /> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-section"> <div class="cli-tab-header"> <a id="wt-cli-tab-link-others" tabindex="0" role="tab" aria-expanded="false" aria-describedby="wt-cli-tab-others" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-others" class="cli-nav-link cli-settings-mobile" data-target="others" data-toggle="cli-toggle-tab"> Others </a> <div class="cli-switch"> <input type="checkbox" class="cli-user-preference-checkbox" id="wt-cli-checkbox-others" aria-label="others" data-id="checkbox-others" role="switch" aria-controls="wt-cli-tab-link-others" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-others" /> <label for="wt-cli-checkbox-others" class="cli-slider" data-cli-enable="Enabled" data-cli-disable="Disabled"><span class="wt-cli-sr-only">others</span></label> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-content"> <div id="wt-cli-tab-others" tabindex="0" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="wt-cli-tab-link-others" class="cli-tab-pane cli-fade" data-id="others"> <p>Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet.<br /> <table class="wt-cli-element cookielawinfo-row-cat-table cookielawinfo-winter"><thead><tr><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-1">Cookie</th><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-3">Duration</th><th scope="col" class="cookielawinfo-column-4">Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">cookielawinfo-checkbox-functional</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">1 year</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional".</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">cookielawinfo-checkbox-others</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">1 year</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">No description</td></tr></tbody></table></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-modal-footer"> <div class="wt-cli-element cli-container-fluid cli-tab-container"> <div class="cli-row"> <div class="cli-col-12 cli-align-items-stretch cli-px-0"> <div class="cli-tab-footer wt-cli-privacy-overview-actions"> <a id="wt-cli-privacy-save-btn" role="button" tabindex="0" data-cli-action="accept" class="wt-cli-privacy-btn cli_setting_save_button wt-cli-privacy-accept-btn cli-btn">Save & Accept</a> </div> <div class="wt-cli-ckyes-footer-section"> <div class="wt-cli-ckyes-brand-logo">Powered by <a target="_blank" href="https://www.cookieyes.com/"><img src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/plugins/webtoffee-gdpr-cookie-consent/public/images/logo-cookieyes.svg"></a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-modal-backdrop cli-fade cli-settings-overlay"></div> <div class="cli-modal-backdrop cli-fade cli-popupbar-overlay"></div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ cli_cookiebar_settings='{"animate_speed_hide":"500","animate_speed_show":"500","background":"rgb(255, 255, 255)","border":"#b1a6a6c2","border_on":false,"button_1_button_colour":"rgb(0, 111, 180)","button_1_button_hover":"rgb(0, 111, 180)","button_1_link_colour":"rgb(255, 255, 255)","button_1_as_button":true,"button_1_new_win":false,"button_2_button_colour":"rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)","button_2_button_hover":"rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)","button_2_link_colour":"#fff","button_2_as_button":false,"button_2_hidebar":false,"button_2_nofollow":false,"button_3_button_colour":"rgb(97, 162, 41)","button_3_button_hover":"rgb(97, 162, 41)","button_3_link_colour":"#ffffff","button_3_as_button":true,"button_3_new_win":false,"button_4_button_colour":"rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)","button_4_button_hover":"rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)","button_4_link_colour":"rgb(137, 136, 136)","button_4_as_button":false,"button_7_button_colour":"rgb(97, 162, 41)","button_7_button_hover":"rgb(97, 162, 41)","button_7_link_colour":"#ffffff","button_7_as_button":true,"button_7_new_win":false,"font_family":"inherit","header_fix":false,"notify_animate_hide":true,"notify_animate_show":false,"notify_div_id":"#cookie-law-info-bar","notify_position_horizontal":"right","notify_position_vertical":"bottom","scroll_close":false,"scroll_close_reload":false,"accept_close_reload":false,"reject_close_reload":false,"showagain_tab":false,"showagain_background":"#fff","showagain_border":"#000","showagain_div_id":"#cookie-law-info-again","showagain_x_position":"100px","text":"#444444","show_once_yn":false,"show_once":"10000","logging_on":false,"as_popup":false,"popup_overlay":false,"bar_heading_text":"","cookie_bar_as":"banner","cookie_setting_popup":true,"accept_all":true,"js_script_blocker":false,"popup_showagain_position":"bottom-right","widget_position":"left","button_1_style":{"0":["margin","5px 5px 5px 30px"],"1":["border-top-left-radius","30px"],"2":["border-top-right-radius","30px"],"3":["border-bottom-right-radius","30px"],"4":["border-bottom-left-radius","30px"],"5":["padding","8px 25px"],"8":["border-color","rgb(255, 255, 255)"]},"button_2_style":{"0":["display","inline-block"],"1":["background","none"],"2":["border-radius","0px"],"4":["text-align","left"],"5":["font-size","14px"],"6":["padding","5px 8px"],"7":["padding-left","5px"],"8":["margin-left","0px"],"9":["line-height","16px"],"10":["border","solid 0px #fff"],"11":["text-decoration","underline"],"12":["font-weight","600"]},"button_3_style":[["margin","5px 5px 5px 10px"],["border-radius","0px"],["padding","8px 25px"]],"button_4_style":{"0":["border-bottom","1px solid"],"2":["text-decoration","none"]},"button_5_style":{"0":["display","inline-block"],"1":["background","none"],"2":["border-radius","20px"],"3":["border","solid 1px #fff"],"4":["color","#fff"],"5":["text-align","center"],"6":["font-size","12px"],"7":["width","22px"],"8":["height","22px"],"9":["line-height","22px"],"10":["margin-right","-15px"],"11":["margin-top","-15px"],"12":["float","right"],"13":["cursor","pointer"],"15":["background-color","rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)"]},"button_7_style":[["margin","5px 5px 5px 30px"],["border-radius","0px"],["padding","8px 25px"]],"accept_close_page_navigation":false}'; /* ]]> */ </script>  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/cache/wpfc-minified/nr8lt2m/5xq9i.css" media="all"/> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/themes/5gObservatory/build/js/app.js?ver=1696322698" id="app-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/themes/5gObservatory/js/libs/slick.min.js" id="slick-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/themes/5gObservatory/js/libs/jquery.gsap.min.js" id="gsap-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/themes/5gObservatory/js/libs/TweenMax.min.js" id="tweenMax-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/themes/5gObservatory/js/libs/EasePack.min.js" id="ease-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/themes/5gObservatory/js/libs/jquery.basictable.min.js" id="basicTable-js"></script> <link href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css" rel="stylesheet">   <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/cache/wpfc-minified/2dwtnah6/5xq9i.css" media="all"/> <script> (function () { 'use strict'; if (navigator.userAgent.match(/IEMobile\/10\.0/)) { var msViewportStyle = document.createElement('style'); msViewportStyle.appendChild( document.createTextNode( '@-ms-viewport{width:auto!important}' ) ); document.querySelector('head').appendChild(msViewportStyle); } })(); </script>  <script src="https://5gobservatory.eu/wp-content/themes/5gObservatory/build/js/footable.js"></script> <div class="popup-subscribe"> <div class="cls">X</div> <div class="content"> <h2>Subscribe to our weekly newsletter!</h2> <p>Receive weekly news updates and the latest reports from the 5G Observatory</p> <a href="/email-list-subscribe-page/" class="buttom"> Subscribe</a> </div> </div> </body> </html>