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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Début</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biographie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Biographie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Biographie</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Biographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Jeunesse_et_formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jeunesse_et_formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Jeunesse et formation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jeunesse_et_formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Carrière" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carrière"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Carrière</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Carrière-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vie_privée" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vie_privée"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Vie privée</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vie_privée-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regards_sur_son_style" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regards_sur_son_style"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Regards sur son style</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regards_sur_son_style-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Œuvres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Œuvres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Œuvres</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Œuvres-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Œuvres</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Œuvres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Romans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Romans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Romans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Éditions_originales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Éditions_originales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Éditions originales</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Éditions_originales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traductions_francophones" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traductions_francophones"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Traductions francophones</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traductions_francophones-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recueils_de_nouvelles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recueils_de_nouvelles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Recueils de nouvelles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recueils_de_nouvelles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nouvelles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nouvelles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Nouvelles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nouvelles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biographie_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biographie_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Biographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biographie_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adaptations_des_œuvres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adaptations_des_œuvres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Adaptations des œuvres</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adaptations_des_œuvres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6.2</span> <span>Références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pour_approfondir" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pour_approfondir"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Pour approfondir</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Pour_approfondir-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Pour approfondir</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Pour_approfondir-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Bibliographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notices_dans_des_encyclopédies_et_manuels_de_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notices_dans_des_encyclopédies_et_manuels_de_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Notices dans des encyclopédies et manuels de références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notices_dans_des_encyclopédies_et_manuels_de_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Essais_et_biographies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Essais_et_biographies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Essais et biographies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Essais_et_biographies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Articles_anglophones" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_anglophones"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>Articles anglophones</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_anglophones-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Années_1970-1989" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Années_1970-1989"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3.1</span> <span>Années 1970-1989</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Années_1970-1989-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Années_1990-1999" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Années_1990-1999"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3.2</span> <span>Années 1990-1999</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Années_1990-1999-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Allusion_littéraire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Allusion_littéraire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Allusion littéraire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Allusion_littéraire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Elizabeth Gaskell</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 51 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AB_%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%84" title="إليزابيث غاسكل – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إليزابيث غاسكل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AB_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%84" title="اليزابيث جاسكل – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اليزابيث جاسكل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabet_Qaskell" title="Elizabet Qaskell – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Elizabet Qaskell" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA_%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%84" title="الیزابت قاسکل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="الیزابت قاسکل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Элізабет Гаскел – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Элізабет Гаскел" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Елизабет Гаскел – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Елизабет Гаскел" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A5_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2" title="এলিজাবেথ গ্যাসকেল – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এলিজাবেথ গ্যাসকেল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskellov%C3%A1" title="Elizabeth Gaskellová – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskellová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B8_%CE%93%CE%BA%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%BB" title="Ελίζαμπεθ Γκάσκελ – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ελίζαμπεθ Γκάσκελ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA_%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%84" title="الیزابت گاسکل – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="الیزابت گاسکل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%96%D7%91%D7%AA_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%9C" title="אליזבת גאסקל – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אליזבת גאסקל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A5%D5%A9_%D4%B3%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Էլիզաբեթ Գասկել – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էլիզաբեթ Գասկել" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B6%E3%83%99%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AE%E3%83%A3%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B1%E3%83%AB" title="エリザベス・ギャスケル – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エリザベス・ギャスケル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Элизабет Гаскелл – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Элизабет Гаскелл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%98%EB%A6%AC%EC%9E%90%EB%B2%A0%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B0%9C%EC%8A%A4%EC%BC%88" title="엘리자베스 개스켈 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="엘리자베스 개스켈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – cornique" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BD" title="എലിസബത്ത് ഗാസ്‍ക്കൽ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="എലിസബത്ത് ഗാസ്‍ക്കൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB,_%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Гаскелл, Элизабет – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гаскелл, Элизабет" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Елизабет Гаскел – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Елизабет Гаскел" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" title="ఎలిజబెత్ గాస్కెల్ – télougou" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఎలిజబెత్ గాస్కెల్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="télougou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Элизабет Клегорн Гаскелл – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Элизабет Клегорн Гаскелл" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell" title="Elizabeth Gaskell – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Elizabeth Gaskell" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Елізабет Гаскелл – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Елізабет Гаскелл" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA%DA%BE_%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%84" title="ایلزبیتھ گاسکل – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایلزبیتھ گاسکل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2_%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ელიზაბეტ გასკელი – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ელიზაბეტ გასკელი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%BD%E8%8E%8E%E7%99%BD%C2%B7%E7%9B%96%E6%96%AF%E5%87%AF%E5%B0%94" title="伊丽莎白·盖斯凯尔 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊丽莎白·盖斯凯尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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suffisamment ses sources</a></strong> <small>(<time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-12" data-sort-value="2023-12">décembre 2023</time>).</small> </p><p>Si vous disposez d'ouvrages ou d'articles de référence ou si vous connaissez des sites web de qualité traitant du thème abordé ici, merci de compléter l'article en donnant les <b>références utiles à sa <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V%C3%A9rifiabilit%C3%A9" title="Wikipédia:Vérifiabilité">vérifiabilité</a></b> et en les liant à la section « <a href="/wiki/Aide:Ins%C3%A9rer_une_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence" title="Aide:Insérer une référence">Notes et références</a> ». </p><p><b>En pratique :</b> <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citez_vos_sources#Qualité_des_sources" title="Wikipédia:Citez vos sources">Quelles sources sont attendues ?</a> <a href="/wiki/Aide:Ins%C3%A9rer_une_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_(%C3%89diteur_visuel)" title="Aide:Insérer une référence (Éditeur visuel)">Comment ajouter mes sources ?</a> </p> </div></div><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="/wiki/Gaskell" class="mw-disambig" title="Gaskell">Gaskell</a>. </p> </div></div> <div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive"> <div class="entete icon auteur" style="background-color: #4C6099; color: #FFF;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r155517023">.mw-parser-output .entete.auteur{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Picto_infobox_auteur.png")}</style> <div>Elizabeth Gaskell</div> </div><div class="images"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Elizabeth_Gaskell_1832.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Elizabeth_Gaskell_1832.jpg/220px-Elizabeth_Gaskell_1832.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="277" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Elizabeth_Gaskell_1832.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="318" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </div> <div class="legend">Elizabeth Gaskell peu avant son mariage<br />Portrait par <a href="/wiki/William_John_Thomson" title="William John Thomson">William John Thomson</a> (1832).</div> <div class="hr" style="background-color:#7090E0; height:1px;"></div><table><caption class="hidden" style="">Données clés</caption><tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="width:7.5em;">Naissance</th> <td> <time class="nowrap date-lien bday" datetime="1810-09-29" data-sort-value="1810-09-29"><a href="/wiki/29_septembre" title="29 septembre">29</a> <a href="/wiki/Septembre_1810" title="Septembre 1810">septembre</a> <a href="/wiki/1810_en_litt%C3%A9rature" title="1810 en littérature">1810</a></time> <br /><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_(Londres)" title="Chelsea (Londres)">Chelsea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Londres" title="Londres">Londres</a>,<br /><span data-sort-value="Royaume Uni Grande Bretagne Irlande"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande"><img alt="Drapeau du Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Royaume-Uni_de_Grande-Bretagne_et_d%27Irlande" title="Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande">Royaume-Uni</a></span></td> </tr><tr> <th scope="row" style="width:7.5em;">Décès</th> <td> <time class="nowrap date-lien dday" datetime="1865-11-12" data-sort-value="1865-11-12"><a href="/wiki/12_novembre" title="12 novembre">12</a> <a href="/wiki/Novembre_1865" title="Novembre 1865">novembre</a> <a href="/wiki/1865_en_litt%C3%A9rature" title="1865 en littérature">1865</a></time> (à 55 ans) <br /><a href="/wiki/Hampshire_(comt%C3%A9)" title="Hampshire (comté)">Holybourne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hampshire_(comt%C3%A9)" title="Hampshire (comté)">Hampshire</a>,<br /><span data-sort-value="Royaume Uni Grande Bretagne Irlande"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande"><img alt="Drapeau du Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Royaume-Uni_de_Grande-Bretagne_et_d%27Irlande" title="Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande">Royaume-Uni</a></span></td> </tr><tr> <th scope="row" style="width:7.5em;">Nationalité</th> <td> Britannique</td> </tr><tr> <th scope="row" style="width:7.5em;">Activité principale</th> <td> <div> Romancière, nouvelliste, biographe</div></td> </tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="background-color:#7090E0;">Auteur</caption><tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;">Langue d’écriture </th> <td> <a href="/wiki/Anglais" title="Anglais">anglais</a></td> </tr></tbody></table><p class="bloc" style="background-color:#7090E0;">Œuvres principales</p> <div style="font-size: 95%;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mary_Barton" title="Mary Barton">Mary Barton</a></i> (1848)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cranford" title="Cranford">Cranford</a></i> (1851-1853)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nord_et_Sud_(roman)" title="Nord et Sud (roman)">North and South</a></i> (1854-1855)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wives_and_Daughters,_an_Every-Day_Story" title="Wives and Daughters, an Every-Day Story">Wives and Daughters</a></i> (1864-1866)</li></ul> </div> <p class="navbar bordered noprint" style="border-color:#7090E0;"><span class="plainlinks navigation-not-searchable"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit">modifier</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_%C3%89crivain" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></p></div> <p><b>Elizabeth Gaskell</b>, née le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1810-09-29" data-sort-value="1810-09-29">29 septembre 1810</time> à <a href="/wiki/Londres" title="Londres">Londres</a>, morte le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1865-11-12" data-sort-value="1865-11-12">12 novembre 1865</time> à <a href="/wiki/Hampshire_(comt%C3%A9)" title="Hampshire (comté)">Holybourne</a>, près d'<a href="/wiki/Alton_(Hampshire)" title="Alton (Hampshire)">Alton</a> dans le <a href="/wiki/Hampshire_(comt%C3%A9)" title="Hampshire (comté)">Hampshire</a>, est une <a href="/wiki/Roman_(litt%C3%A9rature)" title="Roman (littérature)">romancière</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nouvelliste" title="Nouvelliste">nouvelliste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biographe" title="Biographe">biographe</a> <a href="/wiki/Britanniques" title="Britanniques">britannique</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biographie">Biographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Biographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Biographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Elizabeth_Gaskell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Elizabeth_Gaskell.jpg/220px-Elizabeth_Gaskell.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="301" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Elizabeth_Gaskell.jpg/330px-Elizabeth_Gaskell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Elizabeth_Gaskell.jpg/440px-Elizabeth_Gaskell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="533" data-file-height="730" /></a><figcaption>Elizabeth Gaskell en 1851, portrait par <a href="/wiki/George_Richmond_(peintre)" title="George Richmond (peintre)">George Richmond</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jeunesse_et_formation">Jeunesse et formation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Jeunesse et formation" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Jeunesse et formation"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Elle naît Elizabeth Cleghorn Stevenson au 93 <a href="/wiki/Cheyne_Walk" title="Cheyne Walk">Cheyne Walk</a>, à <a href="/wiki/Chelsea_(Londres)" title="Chelsea (Londres)">Chelsea</a> le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1810-09-29" data-sort-value="1810-09-29">29 septembre 1810</time>. Sa mère, Eliza Holland, appartient à une famille influente du <a href="/wiki/Midlands_de_l%27Ouest_(comt%C3%A9)" title="Midlands de l'Ouest (comté)">West Midlands</a> qui est liée à d'autres familles <a href="/wiki/Unitarisme_(th%C3%A9ologie)" title="Unitarisme (théologie)">unitariennes</a> connues, comme les Wedgwood (porcelaine) et les Darwin (naturaliste), mais elle meurt quand Elizabeth est enfant<sup id="cite_ref-Easson-1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Easson-1-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Son père, William Stevenson (1772-1829), était <a href="/wiki/Minist%C3%A8re_(protestantisme)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministère (protestantisme)">ministre</a> <a href="/wiki/Unitarisme_(th%C3%A9ologie)" title="Unitarisme (théologie)">unitarien</a> à Manchester mais a abandonné la vie religieuse en 1792. Successivement fermier, éditeur, écrivain, il se fixe finalement à Londres en 1806 où il a la charge des Archives du Trésor (<span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Keeper of the Records of the Treasury</i></span>) ; il se remarie après la mort d'Eliza, en 1814<sup id="cite_ref-Easson-1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Easson-1-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Elle passe l'essentiel de son enfance dans le <a href="/wiki/Cheshire_(comt%C3%A9)" title="Cheshire (comté)">Cheshire</a>, où elle vit avec la sœur de sa mère, Hannah Holland (1768-1837), <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Aunt Lumb</span></i>, à <a href="/wiki/Knutsford" title="Knutsford">Knutsford</a>, ville qu'elle immortalisera plus tard dans <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Cranford" title="Cranford">Cranford</a></span></i> (et qu'évoque également <i><a href="/wiki/Wives_and_Daughters,_an_Every-Day_Story" title="Wives and Daughters, an Every-Day Story">Épouses et Filles</a></i>, sous le nom de Hollingford). Elle est envoyée à douze ans à l'école des sœurs Byerley d'abord à Barford puis à Stratford-on-Avon à partir de 1824, où elle apprend le latin, le français et l'italien. Elle retourne chez son père à Londres en 1828, à la disparition de son frère John Stevenson, qui naviguait pour l'<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">East India Company</span></i>, mais s'entend mal avec sa belle-mère, une sœur du peintre de miniatures écossais <a href="/wiki/William_John_Thomson" title="William John Thomson">William John Thomson</a> (qui peint un portrait célèbre d'Elizabeth en 1832). En 1829, date de la mort de son père, elle retourne à <a href="/wiki/Knutsford" title="Knutsford">Knutsford</a>. </p><p>Elle a également séjourné un temps à <a href="/wiki/Newcastle_upon_Tyne" title="Newcastle upon Tyne">Newcastle upon Tyne</a> chez le révérend William Turner (un unitarien, lui aussi) et à <a href="/wiki/%C3%89dimbourg" title="Édimbourg">Édimbourg</a> en 1831, où fut peint son portrait par <a href="/wiki/William_John_Thomson" title="William John Thomson">William John Thomson</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Cross_Street_Chapel_Manchester_(1835).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Cross_Street_Chapel_Manchester_%281835%29.jpg/260px-Cross_Street_Chapel_Manchester_%281835%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Cross_Street_Chapel_Manchester_%281835%29.jpg/390px-Cross_Street_Chapel_Manchester_%281835%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Cross_Street_Chapel_Manchester_%281835%29.jpg/520px-Cross_Street_Chapel_Manchester_%281835%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="564" /></a><figcaption><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Cross Street Chapel</span>, vers 1835.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Carrière"><span id="Carri.C3.A8re"></span>Carrière</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Carrière" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Carrière"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Elle commence à écrire sur les conseils de son mari pour lutter contre l'abattement dans lequel l'a plongée la mort de William, leur unique garçon, décédé à neuf mois de la <a href="/wiki/Scarlatine" title="Scarlatine">fièvre écarlate</a><sup id="cite_ref-Wright_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wright-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Cross Street Chapel</span> est un centre <a href="/wiki/Unitarisme_(th%C3%A9ologie)" title="Unitarisme (théologie)">unitarien</a> important. Les cercles que fréquentent les Gaskell comportent des <a href="/wiki/Dissidents_anglais" title="Dissidents anglais">dissidents religieux</a> et des réformateurs sociaux, notamment la sociologue et journaliste <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Martineau" title="Harriet Martineau">Harriet Martineau</a>, sœur du philosophe <a href="/wiki/James_Martineau" title="James Martineau">James Martineau</a> ainsi que les écrivains et éditeurs <a href="/wiki/Quaker" title="Quaker">quakers</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Howitt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Howitt (page inexistante)">William Howitt</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Howitt" class="extiw" title="en:William Howitt"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « William Howitt »">(en)</span></a> et <a href="/wiki/Mary_Howitt" title="Mary Howitt">Mary Howitt</a>. Mrs Gaskell est une amie de <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a> et de <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Bront%C3%AB" title="Charlotte Brontë">Charlotte Brontë</a>, et aussi une amie et une admiratrice de <a href="/wiki/Florence_Nightingale" title="Florence Nightingale">Florence Nightingale</a>. La maison qu'elle habite au début des années 1850, 42 (actuellement 84) <span class="lang-en" lang="en">Plymouth Grove</span>, est le centre vivant où s'épanouissent ses activités religieuses, sociales, littéraires et domestiques<sup id="cite_ref-Easson-2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Easson-2-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Gaskell_House,_Manchester.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Gaskell_House%2C_Manchester.jpg/260px-Gaskell_House%2C_Manchester.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Gaskell_House%2C_Manchester.jpg/390px-Gaskell_House%2C_Manchester.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Gaskell_House%2C_Manchester.jpg/520px-Gaskell_House%2C_Manchester.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1079" data-file-height="807" /></a><figcaption>La maison des Gaskell, Plymouth Grove, en 2006, avant restauration par le <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Manchester Historic Buildings Trust</i></span>.</figcaption></figure> <p>En 1855 elle passe quelque temps à Paris et à Londres, où elle apprend la mort de Charlotte Brontë, dont elle écrit la première biographie en <a href="/wiki/1857" title="1857">1857</a>, livre qui a joué un rôle significatif dans l'essor de la réputation de la <a href="/wiki/Famille_Bront%C3%AB" title="Famille Brontë">famille</a> de <a href="/wiki/Haworth_(Yorkshire)" title="Haworth (Yorkshire)">Haworth</a>. En <time class="nowrap" datetime="1857-02" data-sort-value="1857-02">février 1857</time>, elle est l'hôte, à <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, du sculpteur américain <a href="/wiki/William_Wetmore_Story" title="William Wetmore Story">William Whetmore Story</a> et y elle rencontre <a href="/wiki/Charles_Eliot_Norton" title="Charles Eliot Norton">Charles Eliot Norton</a> avec qui elle entretiendra une correspondance continue jusqu'à sa mort<sup id="cite_ref-Wright_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wright-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vie_privée"><span id="Vie_priv.C3.A9e"></span>Vie privée</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Vie privée" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Vie privée"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>C'est en allant rendre visite à la fille du révérend William Turner, épouse d'un pasteur unitarien à la chapelle unitarienne de <span class="lang-en" lang="en">Cross Street</span> à <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a> qu'elle rencontre son collègue William Gaskell<sup id="cite_ref-Easson-2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Easson-2-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1832-08-30" data-sort-value="1832-08-30">30 août 1832</time>, ils se marient à Knutsford, et s'installent <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><span class="nowrap">14 Dover</span> Street</span>, à Manchester. <a href="/wiki/William_Gaskell" title="William Gaskell">William Gaskell</a> est un prédicateur apprécié, un professeur, qui mène une carrière littéraire<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>N 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Après la petite ville provinciale de Knutsford, la <span class="citation">« chère vieille triste enfumée sombre et grise Manchester »</span> (<span class="citation not_fr_quote" lang="en">« <span class="italique">dear old dull ugly smoky grim grey Manchester</span> »</span>) inspire à Mrs Gaskell des sentiments ambivalents, dont <i><a href="/wiki/Mary_Barton" title="Mary Barton">Mary Barton</a></i> et <i><a href="/wiki/Nord_et_Sud_(roman)" title="Nord et Sud (roman)"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">North and South</span></a></i> se feront l'écho. </p><p>C'est à <span class="lang-en" lang="en">Dover Street</span> que naissent les trois premiers enfants, Marianne, Margaret-Emily (Meta) et Florence. Les deux suivants, William et Julia naissent 121 Uper Rumford Street<sup id="cite_ref-Easson-2_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Easson-2-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Mrs Gaskell meurt brutalement d'une crise cardiaque, le dimanche <time class="nowrap" datetime="1865-11-12" data-sort-value="1865-11-12">12 novembre 1865</time>, à l'âge de <span class="nowrap">55 ans</span>, en prenant le thé et au milieu d'une phrase, à Alton, dans le <a href="/wiki/Hampshire_(comt%C3%A9)" title="Hampshire (comté)">Hampshire</a>. Elle y était allée, accompagnée de ses filles, faire secrètement restaurer et meubler une vieille demeure, officiellement pour la retraite de son mari<sup id="cite_ref-Easson-2_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Easson-2-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, quoique Mr Gaskell ait continué à vivre et travailler à <span class="lang-en" lang="en">Plymouth Grove</span> jusqu'à sa mort en 1884 et que la maison n'ait jamais été habitée par les Gaskell<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Elle est enterrée dans le petit cimetière de Knutsford, tout près du porche de l'église unitarienne <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Brook Street Chapel</i></span><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>N 2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Sa tombe, très simple, est régulièrement fleurie par les admirateurs anonymes de passage. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regards_sur_son_style">Regards sur son style</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Regards sur son style" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Regards sur son style"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Geo_Du_Maurier_frontispiece_1864.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Geo_Du_Maurier_frontispiece_1864.jpg/220px-Geo_Du_Maurier_frontispiece_1864.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="341" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Geo_Du_Maurier_frontispiece_1864.jpg/330px-Geo_Du_Maurier_frontispiece_1864.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Geo_Du_Maurier_frontispiece_1864.jpg/440px-Geo_Du_Maurier_frontispiece_1864.jpg 2x" data-file-width="645" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Illustration de la couverture de <i><a href="/wiki/Cranford" title="Cranford">Cranford</a></i> d'Elizabeth Gaskell par <a href="/wiki/George_du_Maurier" title="George du Maurier">George du Maurier</a> (1864)</figcaption></figure> <p>Avec l'aide de <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a>, qui publie les œuvres de Mrs Gaskell dans son journal <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Household_Words" title="Household Words">Household Words</a></span></i>, elle devient célèbre, notamment pour ses <a href="/wiki/Histoires_de_fant%C3%B4mes" title="Histoires de fantômes">histoires de fantômes</a> (<i><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ghost_stories" class="extiw" title="en:ghost stories"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">ghost stories</span></a></i> en anglais). Ces histoires sont très différentes, dans le style, de ses <a href="/wiki/Roman_industriel" title="Roman industriel">romans industriels</a> et appartiennent au genre du <a href="/wiki/Roman_gothique" title="Roman gothique">roman gothique</a>. </p><p>Bien que son écriture se conforme aux conventions victoriennes (elle signe notamment « Mrs. Gaskell »), Elizabeth Gaskell construit habituellement ses histoires comme des critiques des attitudes de l'ère victorienne, particulièrement celles envers les femmes, avec des récits complexes et des caractères féminins dynamiques. Pour Laurence Lerner<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> elle peut être rapprochée de <a href="/wiki/Jane_Austen" title="Jane Austen">Jane Austen</a>, « le grand écrivain de comédies sérieuses » et <a href="/wiki/George_Eliot" title="George Eliot">George Eliot</a>, « le grand écrivain de tragédies spirituelles », comblant, en quelque sorte, le vide qui les sépare. </p><p>Le style de Mrs Gaskell est célèbre pour l'usage de mots appartenant au dialecte local dans la bouche de personnages de la <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">middle-class</span></i> et du <a href="/wiki/Narrateur" title="Narrateur">narrateur</a>. </p><p>Mrs. Gaskell se range aujourd'hui parmi les romanciers britanniques majeurs de l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89poque_victorienne" title="Époque victorienne">ère victorienne</a> et de la <a href="/wiki/Litt%C3%A9rature_britannique" title="Littérature britannique">littérature britannique</a>. Un certain nombre d'événements ont marqué le bicentenaire de sa naissance, dont une exposition à Tatton<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (Knutsford, Tatton Park, et Dunham sont mis en scène dans <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Cranford" title="Cranford">Cranford</a></span></i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Œuvres"><span id=".C5.92uvres"></span>Œuvres</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Œuvres" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Œuvres"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le premier roman de Mrs Gaskell, <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Barton" title="Mary Barton">Mary Barton</a>, A Tale of Manchester Life</span></i>, paraît anonymement en <a href="/wiki/1848_en_litt%C3%A9rature" title="1848 en littérature">1848</a>. Les plus connues de ses autres œuvres sont <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Cranford" title="Cranford">Cranford</a></span></i> (1853), chronique savoureuse d'une petite ville du nord de l'Angleterre, sous la forme d'une série de tableaux et vignettes mettant en scène les personnages pittoresques de la petite ville inspirée de Knutsford où elle avait résidé. <i><a href="/wiki/Nord_et_Sud_(roman)" title="Nord et Sud (roman)"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">North and South</span></a></i> (<a href="/wiki/1854_en_litt%C3%A9rature" title="1854 en littérature">1854</a>) et <i><a href="/wiki/Wives_and_Daughters,_an_Every-Day_Story" title="Wives and Daughters, an Every-Day Story"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Wives and Daughters</span></a></i> (1865). Elle est également l'auteur de <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Cousin Phyllis</span></i> (<i>Cousine Phyllis</i>), paru en 1864, appartenant au genre qu'on appelle en anglais « <i>novella</i> », c'est-à-dire intermédiaire entre le roman et la nouvelle, que beaucoup d'admirateurs de Mrs Gaskell considèrent avec intérêt. </p><p>Son grand roman <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Wives_and_Daughters,_an_Every-Day_Story" title="Wives and Daughters, an Every-Day Story">Wives and Daughters, an Every-Day Story</a></span></i> (<i>Épouses et Filles, une histoire de tous les jours</i>), est publié mensuellement (<span class="nowrap">18 épisodes</span>) par le <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cornhill_Magazine" title="The Cornhill Magazine">The Cornhill Magazine</a></i> d'<time class="nowrap" datetime="1864-08" data-sort-value="1864-08">août 1864</time> à <time class="nowrap" datetime="1866-01" data-sort-value="1866-01">janvier 1866</time>. Certains numéros sont donc posthumes et au dernier ne manque, peut-être, qu'une vingtaine de pages. L'éditeur du <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Cornhill</span></i>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Greenwood" title="Frederick Greenwood">Frederick Greenwood</a>, ajouta quatre pages pleines de tact et de discrète émotion, suggérant comment le roman aurait fini. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Romans">Romans</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Romans" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Romans"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Éditions_originales"><span id=".C3.89ditions_originales"></span>Éditions originales</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Éditions originales" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Éditions originales"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage"><cite class="italique">Mary Barton</cite>, Londres, Smith, Elder (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 1873, ...1996, 2006, 2009, 2012) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1848), 475 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780141199726" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780141199726"><span class="nowrap">9780141199726</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/12716712">12716712</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781420933369">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mary+Barton&rft.place=Londres&rft.pub=Smith%2C+Elder&rft.tpages=475&rft.isbn=9780141199726&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F12716712&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage"><cite class="italique">Cranford : the Cage at Cranford : the Moorland Cottage</cite>, Londres, Humphery Miliford (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 1907, 1927, 2006, 2008, 2012) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1853), 339 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/827686158">827686158</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabeth-gaskell_cranford/mode/2up">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cranford&rft.place=Londres&rft.pub=Humphery+Miliford&rft.stitle=the+Cage+at+Cranford+%3A+the+Moorland+Cottage&rft.tpages=339&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F827686158&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage"><cite class="italique">North and South</cite>, Londres, Bradbury and Evans (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 1994, 2003, 2012, 2016) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1854), 536 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9781530563258" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9781530563258"><span class="nowrap">9781530563258</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/1089832918">1089832918</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/northsouth0000gask_y5s1">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=North+and+South&rft.place=Londres&rft.pub=Bradbury+and+Evans&rft.tpages=536&rft.isbn=9781530563258&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1089832918&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span>,</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Traductions_francophones">Traductions francophones</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifier la section : Traductions francophones" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Traductions francophones"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mary_Barton" title="Mary Barton">Mary Barton</a></i> (1848), (une histoire de la vie à Manchester), traduction française : <i>Mary Barton</i>, roman traduit, préfacé et annoté par Françoise du Sorbier, éditions Fayard, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2014-03" data-sort-value="2014-03">mars 2014</time>.</li> <li><i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Cranford" title="Cranford">Cranford</a></span></i> (1851-1853), traduction française de Dominique Jean, Aubier-Montaigne 1981. Contient aussi la longue nouvelle (<i>Novella</i>) <i>Ma cousine Phillis</i> ; traduction de Béatrice Vierne, Herne 2009, <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-85197-906-3" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-85197-906-3"><span class="nowrap">978-2-85197-906-3</span></a>)</small>.</li> <li><i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Ruth</span></i> (1853) (histoire de la rédemption d'une « femme perdue » et plaidoyer pour une attitude charitable), trad. française : <i>Ruth</i>, roman traduit par Aline Azoulay. <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Ph%C3%A9bus" title="Éditions Phébus">Éditions Phébus</a>, 2014. <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-7529-0737-0" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-7529-0737-0"><span class="nowrap">978-2-7529-0737-0</span></a>)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nord_et_Sud_(roman)" title="Nord et Sud (roman)"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">North and South</span></a></i> (1854-1855), trad. française : <i><a href="/wiki/Nord_et_Sud_(roman)" title="Nord et Sud (roman)">Nord et Sud</a></i>, roman traduit, préfacé et annoté par Françoise du Sorbier. <a href="/wiki/Fayard_(maison_d%27%C3%A9dition)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fayard (maison d'édition)">Fayard</a>, 2005. <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-213-62730-4" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-213-62730-4"><span class="nowrap">978-2-213-62730-4</span></a>)</small> (deuxième roman lié à Manchester), le plus populaire de ses romans industriels, et le seul qu'elle se sentait capable de relire.</li> <li><i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Loïs the Witch</span></i> (1861), trad. française : <i>La Sorcière de Salem</i>, Corti, 1999</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sylvia%27s_Lovers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sylvia's Lovers (page inexistante)">Sylvia's Lovers</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvia%27s_Lovers" class="extiw" title="en:Sylvia's Lovers"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « Sylvia's Lovers »">(en)</span></a></i>, illustré par <a href="/wiki/George_du_Maurier" title="George du Maurier">George du Maurier</a>, (1863), trad. française : <i>Les Amoureux de Sylvia</i> (Fayard, 2012), roman traduit, préfacé et annoté par Françoise du Sorbier. L'histoire se passe dans un port du nord-est pendant les guerres napoléoniennes, dernier roman paru de son vivant.</li> <li><i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Wives_and_Daughters,_an_Every-Day_Story" title="Wives and Daughters, an Every-Day Story">Wives and Daughters, an Every-Day Story</a></span></i> (1864-1866). Trad. français de Béatrice Vierne : <i><a href="/wiki/Wives_and_Daughters,_an_Every-Day_Story" title="Wives and Daughters, an Every-Day Story">Femmes et Filles</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/L%27Herne" title="L'Herne">L'Herne</a>, 2005, <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/2-85197-710-5" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/2-85197-710-5"><span class="nowrap">2-85197-710-5</span></a>)</small>. Le personnage de Roger Hamley est inspiré par <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a>, si on se fie à une lettre d'Elizabeth Gaskell elle-même.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recueils_de_nouvelles">Recueils de nouvelles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifier la section : Recueils de nouvelles" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=10" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Recueils de nouvelles"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The Moorland Cottage</span></i> (1850)</li> <li><span class="ouvrage"><cite class="italique">Mr Harrison's Confessions</cite>, Londres (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 2004, 2012, 2014) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1851), 116 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9781843915188" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9781843915188"><span class="nowrap">9781843915188</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mrharrisonsconfe0000gask_e8f6">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mr+Harrison%27s+Confessions&rft.place=Londres&rft.tpages=116&rft.isbn=9781843915188&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage"><cite class="italique">The Old Nurse's Story</cite>, Londres, Chapman & Hall (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 1860,... 2015) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1853), 68 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780141397375" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780141397375"><span class="nowrap">9780141397375</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/335738812">335738812</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oldnursesstory0000gask">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Old+Nurse%27s+Story&rft.place=Londres&rft.pub=Chapman+%26+Hall&rft.tpages=68&rft.isbn=9780141397375&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F335738812&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage"><cite class="italique">Lizzie Leigh</cite>, Londres, Chapman and Hall (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 2006, 2007, 2014) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1850), 41 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9781499286557" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9781499286557"><span class="nowrap">9781499286557</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/951089317">951089317</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lizzie_201807">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lizzie+Leigh&rft.place=Londres&rft.pub=Chapman+and+Hall&rft.tpages=41&rft.isbn=9781499286557&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F951089317&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage"><cite class="italique">My Lady Ludlow</cite>, New York, Harper, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr> « Harper's library of select novels » (<abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 209) (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 1871, 1906, 1985, 1995, 2004, 2012, 2018, 2022) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1858), 144 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9781406528046" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9781406528046"><span class="nowrap">9781406528046</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/6947601">6947601</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/myladyludlow0000gask_i4v6">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=My+Lady+Ludlow&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Harper&rft.tpages=144&rft.isbn=9781406528046&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F6947601&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span>,</li> <li><i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Round the Sofa</span></i> (1859)</li> <li><i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">A Dark Night's Work</span></i> (1863)</li> <li><span class="ouvrage"><cite class="italique">Cousin Phillis and Other Stories</cite>, Londres, Smith Elder,, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr> « Short Stories » (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 2010, 2020) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1865), 324 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780199239498" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780199239498"><span class="nowrap">9780199239498</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/541078509">541078509</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cousinphillisoth0000gask_i8y4">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cousin+Phillis+and+Other+Stories&rft.place=Londres&rft.pub=Smith+Elder%2C&rft.tpages=324&rft.isbn=9780199239498&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F541078509&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span>,</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nouvelles">Nouvelles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifier la section : Nouvelles" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=11" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Nouvelles"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The Squire's Story</span></i> (1853)</li> <li><i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Half a Life-time Ago</span></i> (1855)</li> <li><i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">An Accursed Race</span></i> (1855)</li> <li><i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The Manchester Marriage</span></i> (1858)</li> <li><i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The Half-brothers</span></i> (1859)</li> <li><i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The Grey Woman</span></i> (1861)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biographie_2">Biographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifier la section : Biographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=12" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Biographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The Life of Charlotte Brontë</span></i> (1857), biographie écrite à la demande de <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Bront%C3%AB" title="Patrick Brontë">Patrick Brontë</a>, son père, mais qui parut expurgée à la deuxième édition (posthume). Trad. française :<i>Charlotte Brontë</i>, Éditions du Rocher, 2004</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adaptations_des_œuvres"><span id="Adaptations_des_.C5.93uvres"></span>Adaptations des œuvres</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifier la section : Adaptations des œuvres" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=13" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Adaptations des œuvres"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>en 1971, <i><a href="/wiki/Wives_and_Daughters,_an_Every-Day_Story" title="Wives and Daughters, an Every-Day Story"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Wives and Daughters</span></a></i> (<i>Épouses et filles</i>) a fait l'objet pour la BBC d'une première adaptation en six épisodes de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hugh_David&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hugh David (page inexistante)">Hugh David</a>, sur un scénario de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Voysey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Voysey (page inexistante)">Michael Voysey</a>, avec <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhivila_Roche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhivila Roche (page inexistante)">Zhivila Roche</a> (Molly Gibson) et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alan_MacNaughton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alan MacNaughton (page inexistante)">Alan MacNaughton</a> (<abbr class="abbr" title="Docteur">D<sup>r</sup></abbr> Gibson), diffusée du <time class="nowrap" datetime="11-14" data-sort-value="11-14">14 novembre</time> au <time class="nowrap" datetime="1971-12-19" data-sort-value="1971-12-19">19 décembre 1971</time>.</li> <li>en 1999 <a href="/wiki/Wives_and_Daughters_(mini-s%C3%A9rie,_1999)" title="Wives and Daughters (mini-série, 1999)">une seconde adaptation</a> en quatre épisodes de <a href="/wiki/Sue_Birtwistle" title="Sue Birtwistle">Sue Birtwistle</a>, sur un scénario de <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Davies_(%C3%A9crivain)" title="Andrew Davies (écrivain)">Andrew Davies</a>, avec <a href="/wiki/Justine_Waddell" title="Justine Waddell">Justine Waddell</a> (Molly Gibson), <a href="/wiki/Keeley_Hawes" title="Keeley Hawes">Keeley Hawes</a> (Cynthia Kirkpatrick), <a href="/wiki/Michael_Gambon" title="Michael Gambon">Michael Gambon</a> (le squire Hamley), <a href="/wiki/Tom_Hollander" title="Tom Hollander">Tom Hollander</a> (Osborne Hamley), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthony_Howell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anthony Howell (page inexistante)">Anthony Howell</a> (Roger Hamley), et <a href="/wiki/Bill_Paterson" title="Bill Paterson">Bill Paterson</a> (<abbr class="abbr" title="Docteur">D<sup>r</sup></abbr> Gibson), diffusée entre le <time class="nowrap" datetime="11-28" data-sort-value="11-28">28 novembre</time> et le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1999-12-19" data-sort-value="1999-12-19">19 décembre 1999</time>.</li> <li>En 2004, <i><a href="/wiki/North_and_South_(mini-s%C3%A9rie)" title="North and South (mini-série)"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">North and South</span></a></i> a fait l'objet d'une adaptation en quatre épisodes de <a href="/wiki/Brian_Percival" title="Brian Percival">Brian Percival</a> sur un scénario de <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Welch" title="Sandy Welch">Sandy Welch</a> diffusée sur <a href="/wiki/BBC_One" title="BBC One">BBC One</a> entre novembre et <time class="nowrap" datetime="2004-12" data-sort-value="2004-12">décembre 2004</time>, avec <a href="/wiki/Daniela_Denby-Ashe" title="Daniela Denby-Ashe">Daniela Denby-Ashe</a> (Margaret Hale) et <a href="/wiki/Richard_Armitage" title="Richard Armitage">Richard Armitage</a> (John Thornton).</li> <li>En 2007, <i><a href="/wiki/Cranford_(s%C3%A9rie_t%C3%A9l%C3%A9vis%C3%A9e)" title="Cranford (série télévisée)"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Cranford</span></a></i> Une mini-série en cinq épisodes de <span class="nowrap">60 minutes</span>, sur un scénario de Heidi Thomas, produite par <a href="/wiki/Sue_Birtwistle" title="Sue Birtwistle">Sue Birtwistle</a> et Susie Conklin, avec <a href="/wiki/Judi_Dench" title="Judi Dench">Judi Dench</a> dans le rôle de Miss Matty.</li> <li>En 2009, deux nouveaux épisodes de <i><a href="/wiki/Cranford_(s%C3%A9rie_t%C3%A9l%C3%A9vis%C3%A9e)" title="Cranford (série télévisée)"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Cranford</span></a></i> sont diffusés à Noël.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=14" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Notes">Notes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modifier la section : Notes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=15" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Il est auteur de poèmes, de pamphlets, d'hymnes, et aussi un spécialiste du dialecte du Lancashire.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Son mari, mort en 1884 à Manchester, et leurs deux filles, Julia Bradford, décédée en 1908 et Margaret-Emily en 1913, y sont aussi enterrées.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=16" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style="column-width:24em;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Easson-1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Easson-1_1-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Easson-1_1-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Angus_Easson1979">Angus Easson 1979</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Angus_Easson1979">Angus Easson 1979</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wright-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Wright_3-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Wright_3-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Edgar Wright, <span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120419201737/http://www.lang.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~matsuoka/EG-DLB.html">Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell</a> »</span> <small>(version du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2012-04-19" data-sort-value="2012-04-19">19 avril 2012</time> sur <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>)</small>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Easson-2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Easson-2_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Easson-2_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Easson-2_4-2">c</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Easson-2_4-3">d</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Angus_Easson1979">Angus Easson 1979</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Jill_L._Matus2007">Jill L. Matus 2007</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Introduction à l'édition Penguin de <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Wives and Daughters</span></i> (1969), <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 7. <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0140430466" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0140430466"><span class="nowrap">0140430466</span></a>)</small>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/stoke/hi/people_and_places/arts_and_culture/newsid_8959000/8959421.stm"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Tatton celebrates Cranford author Elizabeth Gaskell</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">BBC Local</span></span>.</span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pour_approfondir">Pour approfondir</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Modifier la section : Pour approfondir" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=17" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Pour approfondir"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=18" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span title="Document utilisé pour la rédaction de l’article"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Document utilisé pour la rédaction de l’article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158" /></span></span></span> : document utilisé comme source pour la rédaction de cet article. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Notices_dans_des_encyclopédies_et_manuels_de_références"><span id="Notices_dans_des_encyclop.C3.A9dies_et_manuels_de_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notices dans des encyclopédies et manuels de références</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Modifier la section : Notices dans des encyclopédies et manuels de références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=19" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notices dans des encyclopédies et manuels de références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="Howard_Harrison,GoldmanUglow2004"><span class="ouvrage" id="Brian_Howard_Harrison,Lawrence_GoldmanJenny_Uglow2004"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais britannique">(en-GB)</abbr> Brian Howard Harrison, (<abbr class="abbr" title="directeur de publication">dir.</abbr>), Lawrence Goldman (<abbr class="abbr" title="directeur de publication">dir.</abbr>) et Jenny Uglow, <cite class="italique" lang="en-gb">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 21 : <span class="lang-en-gb italique" lang="en-gb">Freud-Gibberd</span>, Oxford, Royaume-Uni, Oxford University Press, <time>2004</time>, 1000 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780198614111" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780198614111"><span class="nowrap">9780198614111</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxforddictionary21matt/page/601/mode/1up">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">601-608</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.place=Oxford%2C+Royaume-Uni&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.au=Brian+Howard+Harrison%2C&rft.au=Lawrence+Goldman&rft.au=Jenny+Uglow&rft.date=2004&rft.volume=21&rft.pages=601-608&rft.tpages=1000&rft.isbn=9780198614111&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="CommireKlezmer2000"><span class="ouvrage" id="Anne_CommireDeborah_Klezmer2000"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais américain">(en-US)</abbr> Anne Commire (<abbr class="abbr" title="directeur de publication">dir.</abbr>) et Deborah Klezmer (<abbr class="abbr" title="directeur de publication">dir.</abbr>), <cite class="italique" lang="en-us">Women in World History : a biographical encyclopedia</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 6 : <span class="lang-en-us italique" lang="en-us">Gab-Harp</span>, Waterford, Connecticut, Yorkin Publications & Gale Research, <time>2000</time>, 817 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780787640651" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780787640651"><span class="nowrap">9780787640651</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/womeninworldhist06comm/page/101/mode/1up">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">101-106</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women+in+World+History&rft.place=Waterford%2C+Connecticut&rft.pub=Yorkin+Publications+%26+Gale+Research&rft.stitle=a+biographical+encyclopedia&rft.aulast=Commire&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.au=Deborah+Klezmer&rft.date=2000&rft.volume=6&rft.pages=101-106&rft.tpages=817&rft.isbn=9780787640651&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Parini2010"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jay_Parini2010"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais américain">(en-US)</abbr> Jay Parini (<abbr class="abbr" title="directeur de publication">dir.</abbr>), <cite class="italique" lang="en-us">British Writers : Retrospective Supplement III</cite>, Detroit, Michigan, Charles Scribner's Sons, <time>2010</time>, 553 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780684316789" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780684316789"><span class="nowrap">9780684316789</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/britishwritersre00jayp/page/99/mode/1up">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">99-113</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Writers&rft.place=Detroit%2C+Michigan&rft.pub=Charles+Scribner%27s+Sons&rft.stitle=Retrospective+Supplement+III&rft.aulast=Parini&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft.date=2010&rft.pages=99-113&rft.tpages=553&rft.isbn=9780684316789&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Essais_et_biographies">Essais et biographies</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Modifier la section : Essais et biographies" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=20" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Essais et biographies"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="Farris_Allott"><span class="ouvrage" id="Miriam_Farris_Allott"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais britannique">(en-GB)</abbr> Miriam Farris Allott, <cite class="italique" lang="en-gb">Elizabeth Gaskell</cite>, Harlow, Royaume-Uni, Longman for the British Council (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 1996) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1960), 52 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780582011243" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780582011243"><span class="nowrap">9780582011243</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabethgaskell0000allo">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=Harlow%2C+Royaume-Uni&rft.pub=Longman+for+the+British+Council&rft.au=Miriam+Farris+Allott&rft.tpages=52&rft.isbn=9780582011243&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Pollard1966"><span class="ouvrage" id="Arthur_Pollard1966"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais britannique">(en-GB)</abbr> Arthur Pollard, <cite class="italique" lang="en-gb">Mrs. Gaskell : Novelist and Biographer</cite>, Manchester, Royaume-Uni, Manchester University Press, <time>1966</time>, 296 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/655550520">655550520</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mrsgaskellnoveli0000poll/page/n7/mode/2up">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mrs.+Gaskell&rft.place=Manchester%2C+Royaume-Uni&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.stitle=Novelist+and+Biographer&rft.aulast=Pollard&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rft.date=1966&rft.tpages=296&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F655550520&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Ganz1969"><span class="ouvrage" id="Margaret_Ganz1969"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais américain">(en-US)</abbr> Margaret Ganz, <cite class="italique" lang="en-us">Elizabeth Gaskell : The Artist in Conflict</cite>, New York, Twayne Publishers, <time>1969</time>, 328 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780829001693" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780829001693"><span class="nowrap">9780829001693</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabethgaskell0000ganz/page/n5/mode/2up">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Twayne+Publishers&rft.stitle=The+Artist+in+Conflict&rft.aulast=Ganz&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft.date=1969&rft.tpages=328&rft.isbn=9780829001693&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Brown_Hopkins1971"><span class="ouvrage" id="Annette_Brown_Hopkins1971"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais américain">(en-US)</abbr> Annette Brown Hopkins, <cite class="italique" lang="en-us">Elizabeth Gaskell : Her Life and Work</cite>, New York, Octagon Books, <time>1971</time>, 408 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780374939403" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780374939403"><span class="nowrap">9780374939403</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabethgaskell0000hopk/page/n7/mode/2up">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Octagon+Books&rft.stitle=Her+Life+and+Work&rft.au=Annette+Brown+Hopkins&rft.date=1971&rft.tpages=408&rft.isbn=9780374939403&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Lansbury"><span class="ouvrage" id="Coral_Lansbury"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais américain">(en-US)</abbr> Coral Lansbury, <cite class="italique" lang="en-us">Elizabeth Gaskell</cite>, Boston, Massachusetts, Twayne Publishers (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 1984, 1986) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1975), 152 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780805768572" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780805768572"><span class="nowrap">9780805768572</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabethgaskell0000lans/page/n5/mode/2up">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=Boston%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pub=Twayne+Publishers&rft.aulast=Lansbury&rft.aufirst=Coral&rft.tpages=152&rft.isbn=9780805768572&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Gérin"><span class="ouvrage" id="Winifred_Gérin"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais britannique">(en-GB)</abbr> Winifred Gérin, <cite class="italique" lang="en-gb">Elizabeth Gaskell : A biography</cite>, Oxford, Royaume-Uni, Oxford University Press (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 1980) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1976), 360 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780198120704" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780198120704"><span class="nowrap">9780198120704</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabethgaskell00wini">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=Oxford%2C+Royaume-Uni&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.stitle=A+biography&rft.aulast=G%C3%A9rin&rft.aufirst=Winifred&rft.tpages=360&rft.isbn=9780198120704&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Selig1977"><span class="ouvrage" id="Robert_L._Selig1977"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais américain">(en-US)</abbr> Robert L. Selig, <cite class="italique" lang="en-us">Elizabeth Gaskell : A reference guide</cite>, Boston, Massachusetts, G.K. Hall, <time>1977</time>, 464 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780816178131" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780816178131"><span class="nowrap">9780816178131</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabethgaskell0000seli/page/n5/mode/2up">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=Boston%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pub=G.K.+Hall&rft.stitle=A+reference+guide&rft.aulast=Selig&rft.aufirst=Robert+L.&rft.date=1977&rft.tpages=464&rft.isbn=9780816178131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Easson"><span class="ouvrage" id="Angus_Easson"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais britannique">(en-GB)</abbr> Angus Easson, <cite class="italique" lang="en-gb">Elizabeth Gaskell</cite>, Londres et Boston, <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a> (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 1991, 2017) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1979), 296 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780710000996" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780710000996"><span class="nowrap">9780710000996</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabethgaskell0000eass">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=Londres+et+Boston&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.aulast=Easson&rft.aufirst=Angus&rft.tpages=296&rft.isbn=9780710000996&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>.<span class="nowrap" title="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l'article"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l'article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158" /></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Chapple"><span class="ouvrage" id="J.A.V._Chapple"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais britannique">(en-GB)</abbr> J.A.V. Chapple, <cite class="italique" lang="en-gb">Elizabeth Gaskell : A portrait in letters</cite>, Manchester, Manchester University Press (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 1986, 2007, 2008) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1980), 204 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780719007996" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780719007996"><span class="nowrap">9780719007996</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabethgaskell0000gask">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=Manchester&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.stitle=A+portrait+in+letters&rft.aulast=Chapple&rft.aufirst=J.A.V.&rft.tpages=204&rft.isbn=9780719007996&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Brodetsky"><span class="ouvrage" id="Tessa_Brodetsky"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais britannique">(en-GB)</abbr> Tessa Brodetsky, <cite class="italique" lang="en-gb">Elizabeth Gaskell</cite>, Leamington, Warwickshire, Royaume-Uni, Berg Publishers (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 1992) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1986), 138 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780907582830" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780907582830"><span class="nowrap">9780907582830</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabethgaskell0000brod">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=Leamington%2C+Warwickshire%2C+Royaume-Uni&rft.pub=Berg+Publishers&rft.aulast=Brodetsky&rft.aufirst=Tessa&rft.tpages=138&rft.isbn=9780907582830&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Stoneman"><span class="ouvrage" id="Patsy_Stoneman"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais américain">(en-US)</abbr> Patsy Stoneman, <cite class="italique" lang="en-us">Elizabeth Gaskell</cite>, Bloomington, Indiana, Indiana University Press (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 2006, 2013) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1987), 244 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780253301031" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780253301031"><span class="nowrap">9780253301031</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabethgaskell0000unse">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=Bloomington%2C+Indiana&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.aulast=Stoneman&rft.aufirst=Patsy&rft.tpages=244&rft.isbn=9780253301031&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Lowry_Duthie"><span class="ouvrage" id="Enid_Lowry_Duthie"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais américain">(en-US)</abbr> Enid Lowry Duthie, <cite class="italique" lang="en-us">The Themes of Elizabeth Gaskell</cite>, Totowa, New Jersey, Rowman and Littlefield (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 2017) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1980), 240 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780847662241" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780847662241"><span class="nowrap">9780847662241</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/themesofelizabet0000duth/page/n5/mode/2up">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Themes+of+Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=Totowa%2C+New+Jersey&rft.pub=Rowman+and+Littlefield&rft.au=Enid+Lowry+Duthie&rft.tpages=240&rft.isbn=9780847662241&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="FigesSpencer1993"><span class="ouvrage" id="Eva_FigesJane_Spencer1993"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais américain">(en-US)</abbr> Eva Figes (<abbr class="abbr" title="directeur de publication">dir.</abbr>) et Jane Spencer, <cite class="italique" lang="en-us">Elizabeth Gaskell</cite>, New York, St. Martin's Press, <time>1993</time>, 178 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780312060589" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780312060589"><span class="nowrap">9780312060589</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabethgaskell0000spen/page/n5/mode/2up">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&rft.aulast=Figes&rft.aufirst=Eva&rft.au=Jane+Spencer&rft.date=1993&rft.tpages=178&rft.isbn=9780312060589&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Uglow"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jenny_Uglow"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais américain">(en-US)</abbr> Jenny Uglow, <cite class="italique" lang="en-us">Elizabeth Gaskell : A Habit of Stories</cite>, New York, Farrar Straus Giroux (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 1994, 1999) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1993), 720 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780374147518" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780374147518"><span class="nowrap">9780374147518</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabethgaskell0000uglo">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Farrar+Straus+Giroux&rft.stitle=A+Habit+of+Stories&rft.aulast=Uglow&rft.aufirst=Jenny&rft.tpages=720&rft.isbn=9780374147518&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Flint1995"><span class="ouvrage" id="Kate_Flint1995"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais britannique">(en-GB)</abbr> Kate Flint, <cite class="italique" lang="en-gb">Elizabeth Gaskell</cite>, Plymouth, Devon, Royaume-Uni, Liverpool University Press, <time>1995</time>, 100 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780746307182" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780746307182"><span class="nowrap">9780746307182</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabethgaskell0000flin/page/n3/mode/2up">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=Plymouth%2C+Devon%2C+Royaume-Uni&rft.pub=Liverpool+University+Press&rft.aulast=Flint&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft.date=1995&rft.tpages=100&rft.isbn=9780746307182&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Chapple"><span class="ouvrage" id="John_Chapple"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais britannique">(en-GB)</abbr> John Chapple, <cite class="italique" lang="en-gb">Elizabeth Gaskell : The Early Years</cite>, Manchester, Manchester University Press (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 2009) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1997), 528 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780719025501" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780719025501"><span class="nowrap">9780719025501</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabethgaskell0000chap/page/n5/mode/2up">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=Manchester&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.stitle=The+Early+Years&rft.aulast=Chapple&rft.aufirst=John&rft.tpages=528&rft.isbn=9780719025501&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Billington2002"><span class="ouvrage" id="Josie_Billington2002"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais britannique">(en-GB)</abbr> Josie Billington, <cite class="italique" lang="en-gb">Faithful Realism : Elizabeth Gaskell and Leo Tolstoy : A Comparative Study</cite>, Lewisburg, Pennsylvanie & Londres, Bucknell University Press & Associated University Presses, <time>2002</time>, 240 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780838754580" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780838754580"><span class="nowrap">9780838754580</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/faithfulrealisme0000bill/page/n5/mode/2up">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Faithful+Realism&rft.place=Lewisburg%2C+Pennsylvanie+%26+Londres&rft.pub=Bucknell+University+Press+%26+Associated+University+Presses&rft.stitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell+and+Leo+Tolstoy+%3A+A+Comparative+Study&rft.aulast=Billington&rft.aufirst=Josie&rft.date=2002&rft.tpages=240&rft.isbn=9780838754580&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Foster"><span class="ouvrage" id="Shirley_Foster"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais britannique">(en-GB)</abbr> Shirley Foster, <cite class="italique" lang="en-gb">Elizabeth Gaskell : A Literary Life</cite>, Basingstoke, Hampshire, Royaume-Uni, Palgrave Macmillan (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 2003, 2014) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 2002), 224 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780333695814" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780333695814"><span class="nowrap">9780333695814</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabethgaskell00fost_0">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=Basingstoke%2C+Hampshire%2C+Royaume-Uni&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.stitle=A+Literary+Life&rft.aulast=Foster&rft.aufirst=Shirley&rft.tpages=224&rft.isbn=9780333695814&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Matus"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jill_L._Matus"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais canadien">(en-CA)</abbr> Jill L. Matus (<abbr class="abbr" title="directeur de publication">dir.</abbr>), <cite class="italique" lang="en-ca">The Cambridge Companion to Elizabeth Gaskell</cite>, Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) & New York, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a> (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 2012) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 2007), 244 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780521846769" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780521846769"><span class="nowrap">9780521846769</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgecompani0000unse_p4l7">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=Cambridge+%28Royaume-Uni%29+%26+New+York&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.aulast=Matus&rft.aufirst=Jill+L.&rft.tpages=244&rft.isbn=9780521846769&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>.<span class="nowrap" title="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l'article"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l'article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158" /></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Li_Veronica_Hoyt2015"><span class="ouvrage" id="Fang_Li_Veronica_Hoyt2015"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Fang Li Veronica Hoyt (<abbr class="abbr" title="directeur de publication">dir.</abbr>), <cite class="italique" lang="en">Evil and its Variations in the Works of Elizabeth Gaskell : Sesquicentennial Essays</cite>, Osaka, Japon, Kyoiku Tosho, <time>2015</time>, 576 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9784271210399" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9784271210399"><span class="nowrap">9784271210399</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/evilitsvariation0000unse/page/n3/mode/2up">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Evil+and+its+Variations+in+the+Works+of+Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.place=Osaka%2C+Japon&rft.pub=Kyoiku+Tosho&rft.stitle=Sesquicentennial+Essays&rft.au=Fang+Li+Veronica+Hoyt&rft.date=2015&rft.tpages=576&rft.isbn=9784271210399&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Articles_anglophones">Articles anglophones</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Modifier la section : Articles anglophones" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=21" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles anglophones"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-modere"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Logo_travaux_orange.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Logo_travaux_orange.svg/25px-Logo_travaux_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Logo_travaux_orange.svg/38px-Logo_travaux_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Logo_travaux_orange.svg/50px-Logo_travaux_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell">Cette section est <b>en cours de réécriture</b> ou de restructuration importante. Les informations peuvent être modifiées à tout moment par le ou les utilisateurs ayant apposé ce bandeau. <small>(mai 2024)</small> <br /><small>Bandeau apposé par <a href="/wiki/Utilisateur:Bernard_Botturi" title="Utilisateur:Bernard Botturi">Bernard Botturi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Discussion_utilisateur:Bernard_Botturi" title="Discussion utilisateur:Bernard Botturi">lui écrire</a>)</small>.</div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Années_1970-1989"><span id="Ann.C3.A9es_1970-1989"></span>Années 1970-1989</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Modifier la section : Années 1970-1989" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=22" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Années 1970-1989"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="Butler1972"><span class="ouvrage" id="Marilyn_Butler1972">Marilyn Butler, « <cite style="font-style:normal">The Uniqueness of Cynthia Kirkpatrick: Elizabeth Gaskell's Wives and Daughters and Maria Edgeworth's Helen</cite> », <i>The Review of English Studies</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 23, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 91,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="1972-08" data-sort-value="1972-08">août 1972</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 278-290 (13 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/514430">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Uniqueness+of+Cynthia+Kirkpatrick%3A+Elizabeth+Gaskell%27s+Wives+and+Daughters+and+Maria+Edgeworth%27s+Helen&rft.jtitle=The+Review+of+English+Studies&rft.issue=91&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=Marilyn&rft.date=1972-08&rft.volume=23&rft.pages=278-290+%2813+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Weiss1984"><span class="ouvrage" id="Barbara_Weiss1984">Barbara Weiss, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Elizabeth Gaskell : the Telling of Feminine Tales</cite> », <i>Studies in the Novel</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 16, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 3,‎ <time>1984</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 274-287 (14 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/29532289">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell+%3A+the+Telling+of+Feminine+Tales&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+the+Novel&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Weiss&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=1984&rft.volume=16&rft.pages=274-287+%2814+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Martin1985"><span class="ouvrage" id="Carol_A._Martin1985">Carol A. Martin, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Elizabeth Gaskell's Contributions to the Works of William Howitt</cite> », <i>Nineteenth-Century Fiction</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 40, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 1,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="1985-06" data-sort-value="1985-06">juin 1985</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 94-100 (7 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3044838">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell%27s+Contributions+to+the+Works+of+William+Howitt&rft.jtitle=Nineteenth-Century+Fiction&rft.issue=1&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Carol+A.&rft.date=1985-06&rft.volume=40&rft.pages=94-100+%287+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Chapple1987"><span class="ouvrage" id="J.A.V._Chapple1987">J.A.V. Chapple, « <cite style="font-style:normal">William Stevenson and Elizabeth Gaskell</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 1,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="1987" data-sort-value="1987">été 1987</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 1-9 (9 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185234">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=William+Stevenson+and+Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.aulast=Chapple&rft.aufirst=J.A.V.&rft.date=1987&rft.volume=1&rft.pages=1-9+%289+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Shelston1988"><span class="ouvrage" id="Alan_Shelston1988">Alan Shelston, « <cite style="font-style:normal">The Moorland Cottage Elizabeth Gaskell and Myles Birket Foster</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 2,‎ <time>1988</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 41-58 (18 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185248">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Moorland+Cottage+Elizabeth+Gaskell+and+Myles+Birket+Foster&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.aulast=Shelston&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=1988&rft.volume=2&rft.pages=41-58+%2818+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Stoneman1988"><span class="ouvrage" id="Patsy_Stoneman1988">Patsy Stoneman, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Elizabeth Gaskell and 'Maternal Thinking'</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 2,‎ <time>1988</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 81-92 (12 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185251">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell+and+%27Maternal+Thinking%27&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.aulast=Stoneman&rft.aufirst=Patsy&rft.date=1988&rft.volume=2&rft.pages=81-92+%2812+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Leah_Harman1988"><span class="ouvrage" id="Barbara_Leah_Harman1988">Barbara Leah Harman, « <cite style="font-style:normal">In Promiscuous Company: Female Public Appearance in Elizabeth Gaskell's "North and South"</cite> », <i>Victorian Studies</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 31, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 3,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="1988" data-sort-value="1988">printemps 1988</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 351-374 (24 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3828096">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=In+Promiscuous+Company%3A+Female+Public+Appearance+in+Elizabeth+Gaskell%27s+%22North+and+South%22&rft.jtitle=Victorian+Studies&rft.issue=3&rft.au=Barbara+Leah+Harman&rft.date=1988&rft.volume=31&rft.pages=351-374+%2824+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Shelston1989"><span class="ouvrage" id="Alan_Shelston1989">Alan Shelston, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Elizabeth Gaskell's Manchester</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 3,‎ <time>1989</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 46-67 (22 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185264">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell%27s+Manchester&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.aulast=Shelston&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=1989&rft.volume=3&rft.pages=46-67+%2822+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Kuryllo1989"><span class="ouvrage" id="Helen_Kuryllo1989">Helen Kuryllo, « <cite style="font-style:normal">"A Woman's Text in the Wild Zone :" The Subversiveness of Elizabeth Gaskell's Cranford</cite> », <i>Utopian Studies</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 2,‎ <time>1989</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 102-108 (7 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20718911">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%22A+Woman%27s+Text+in+the+Wild+Zone+%3A%22+The+Subversiveness+of+Elizabeth+Gaskell%27s+Cranford&rft.jtitle=Utopian+Studies&rft.aulast=Kuryllo&rft.aufirst=Helen&rft.date=1989&rft.volume=2&rft.pages=102-108+%287+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Années_1990-1999"><span id="Ann.C3.A9es_1990-1999"></span>Années 1990-1999</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Modifier la section : Années 1990-1999" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=23" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Années 1990-1999"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="V_Chapple1990"><span class="ouvrage" id="J_A_V_Chapple1990">J A V Chapple, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Before 'Crutches and Changed Feelings': Five Early Letters by Elizabeth Gaskell</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 4,‎ <time>1990</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 1-27 (27 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185273">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Before+%27Crutches+and+Changed+Feelings%27%3A+Five+Early+Letters+by+Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.aulast=V+Chapple&rft.aufirst=J+A&rft.date=1990&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=1-27+%2827+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Schor1990"><span class="ouvrage" id="Hilary_M._Schor1990">Hilary M. Schor, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Elizabeth Gaskell: A Critical History and a Critical Revision</cite> », <i>Dickens Studies Annual</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 19,‎ <time>1990</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 345-369 (25 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/44371769">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell%3A+A+Critical+History+and+a+Critical+Revision&rft.jtitle=Dickens+Studies+Annual&rft.aulast=Schor&rft.aufirst=Hilary+M.&rft.date=1990&rft.volume=19&rft.pages=345-369+%2825+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Thwaite1990"><span class="ouvrage" id="Mary_Thwaite1990">Mary Thwaite, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Elizabeth Gaskell and Italy</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 4,‎ <time>1990</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 57-63 (7 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185277">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell+and+Italy&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.aulast=Thwaite&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1990&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=57-63+%287+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Easson1990"><span class="ouvrage" id="Angus_Easson1990">Angus Easson, « <cite style="font-style:normal">The Sentiment of Feeling : Emotions and Objects in Elizabeth Gaskell</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 4,‎ <time>1990</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 64-78 (15 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185278">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Sentiment+of+Feeling+%3A+Emotions+and+Objects+in+Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.aulast=Easson&rft.aufirst=Angus&rft.date=1990&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=64-78+%2815+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Kucich1990"><span class="ouvrage" id="John_Kucich1990">John Kucich, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Transgression and Sexual Difference in Elizabeth Gaskell's Novels</cite> », <i>Texas Studies in Literature and Language</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 32, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 2,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="1990" data-sort-value="1990">été 1990</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 187-213 (27 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40754928">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Transgression+and+Sexual+Difference+in+Elizabeth+Gaskell%27s+Novels&rft.jtitle=Texas+Studies+in+Literature+and+Language&rft.issue=2&rft.aulast=Kucich&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1990&rft.volume=32&rft.pages=187-213+%2827+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Carse1990"><span class="ouvrage" id="Wendy_K._Carse1990">Wendy K. Carse, « <cite style="font-style:normal">A Penchant for Narrative: "Mary Smith" in Elizabeth Gaskell's "Cranford"</cite> », <i>The Journal of Narrative Technique</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 20, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 3,‎ <time>1990</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 318-330 (13 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30225303">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Penchant+for+Narrative%3A+%22Mary+Smith%22+in+Elizabeth+Gaskell%27s+%22Cranford%22&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Narrative+Technique&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Carse&rft.aufirst=Wendy+K.&rft.date=1990&rft.volume=20&rft.pages=318-330+%2813+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Davis1992"><span class="ouvrage" id="Deanna_L._Davis1992">Deanna L. Davis, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Feminist Critics and Literary Mothers: Daughters Reading Elizabeth Gaskell</cite> », <i>Signs</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 17, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 3,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="1992" data-sort-value="1992">printemps 1992</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 507-532 (26 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3174621">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Feminist+Critics+and+Literary+Mothers%3A+Daughters+Reading+Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.jtitle=Signs&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Deanna+L.&rft.date=1992&rft.volume=17&rft.pages=507-532+%2826+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Wheeler1992"><span class="ouvrage" id="Michael_Wheeler1992">Michael Wheeler, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Elizabeth Gaskell and Unitarism</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 6,‎ <time>1992</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 25-41 (17 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185303">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell+and+Unitarism&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.aulast=Wheeler&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1992&rft.volume=6&rft.pages=25-41+%2817+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Eve1993"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jeanette_Eve1993">Jeanette Eve, « <cite style="font-style:normal">The Floral and Horticultural in Elizabeth Gaskell</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 7,‎ <time>1993</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 1-15 (15 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185554">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Floral+and+Horticultural+in+Elizabeth+Gaskell&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.aulast=Eve&rft.aufirst=Jeanette&rft.date=1993&rft.volume=7&rft.pages=1-15+%2815+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Wilson1993"><span class="ouvrage" id="Anita_C_Wilson1993">Anita C Wilson, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Mother and Writer : a Study of Elizabeth Gaskell,s Diary</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 7,‎ <time>1993</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 67-79 (13 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185558">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Mother+and+Writer+%3A+a+Study+of+Elizabeth+Gaskell%2Cs+Diary&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Anita+C&rft.date=1993&rft.volume=7&rft.pages=67-79+%2813+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Campbell1994"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ian_Campbell1994">Ian Campbell, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Scottish Writers, Elizabeth Gaskell and the Industrial Revolution</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 8,‎ <time>1994</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 98-110 (13 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185575">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Scottish+Writers%2C+Elizabeth+Gaskell+and++the+Industrial+Revolution&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.date=1994&rft.volume=8&rft.pages=98-110+%2813+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Unsworth1994"><span class="ouvrage" id="Anna_Unsworth1994">Anna Unsworth, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Elizabeth Gaskell and German Romanticism</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 8,‎ <time>1994</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 1-14 (14 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185567">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell+and+German+Romanticism&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.aulast=Unsworth&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=1994&rft.volume=8&rft.pages=1-14+%2814+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Mack1994"><span class="ouvrage" id="Douglas_S_Mack1994">Douglas S Mack, « <cite style="font-style:normal">James Hogg, Elizabeth Gaskell and the Tradition of Oral Storytelling</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 8,‎ <time>1994</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 70-76 (7 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185572">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription 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Fitzwilliam, « <cite style="font-style:normal">The Politics behind the Angel : Separate Spheres in Elizabeth Gaskell's "Lizzie Leigh"</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 8,‎ <time>1994</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 15-27 (13 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185568">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Politics+behind+the+Angel+%3A+Separate+Spheres+in+Elizabeth+Gaskell%27s+%22Lizzie+Leigh%22&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.aulast=Fitzwilliam&rft.aufirst=Marie&rft.date=1994&rft.volume=8&rft.pages=15-27+%2813+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Helms1995"><span class="ouvrage" id="Gabriele_Helms1995">Gabriele Helms, « <cite style="font-style:normal">The Coincidence of Biography and Autobiography: Elizabeth Gaskell's "The Life of Charlotte Brontë"</cite> », <i>Biography</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 18, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 4,‎ <time>1995</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 339-359 (21 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23539656">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Coincidence+of+Biography+and+Autobiography%3A+Elizabeth+Gaskell%27s+%22The+Life+of+Charlotte+Bront%C3%AB%22&rft.jtitle=Biography&rft.issue=4&rft.aulast=Helms&rft.aufirst=Gabriele&rft.date=1995&rft.volume=18&rft.pages=339-359+%2821+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="McLeod_Gilchrist1995"><span class="ouvrage" id="Marianne_McLeod_Gilchrist1995">Marianne McLeod Gilchrist, « <cite style="font-style:normal">The Shaw Family of Staten Island : Elizabeth Gaskell's American Friends</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 9,‎ <time>1995</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 1-12 (12 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185603">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Shaw+Family+of+Staten+Island+%3A+Elizabeth+Gaskell%27s+American+Friends&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.au=Marianne+McLeod+Gilchrist&rft.date=1995&rft.volume=9&rft.pages=1-12+%2812+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Logan1995"><span class="ouvrage" id="Deborah_A_Logan1995">Deborah A Logan, « <cite style="font-style:normal">An Unfit Subject for Fiction : Elizabeth Gaskell and the Duty of Silence</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 9,‎ <time>1995</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 27-42 (16 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185606">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=An+Unfit+Subject+for+Fiction+%3A+Elizabeth+Gaskell+and+the+Duty+of+Silence&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.aulast=Logan&rft.aufirst=Deborah+A&rft.date=1995&rft.volume=9&rft.pages=27-42+%2816+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="d'Albertis1995"><span class="ouvrage" id="Deirdre_d'Albertis1995">Deirdre d'Albertis, « <cite style="font-style:normal">"Bookmaking out of the Remains of the Dead": Elizabeth Gaskell's "The Life of Charlotte Brontë"</cite> », <i>Victorian Studies</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 39, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 1,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="1995" data-sort-value="1995">automne 1995</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 1-31 (31 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3829414">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%22Bookmaking+out+of+the+Remains+of+the+Dead%22%3A+Elizabeth+Gaskell%27s+%22The+Life+of+Charlotte+Bront%C3%AB%22&rft.jtitle=Victorian+Studies&rft.issue=1&rft.aulast=d%27Albertis&rft.aufirst=Deirdre&rft.date=1995&rft.volume=39&rft.pages=1-31+%2831+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Review1995"><span class="ouvrage" id="Victorian_Review1995">Victorian Review, « <cite style="font-style:normal">'Manning the World' : the Role of the Male Narrator in Elizabeth Gaskell' Cousins Phillis</cite> », <i>Victorian Review</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 21, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 2,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="1995" data-sort-value="1995">hiver 1995</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 129-144 (16 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27794807">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%27Manning+the+World%27+%3A+the+Role+of+the+Male+Narrator+in+Elizabeth+Gaskell%27+Cousins+Phillis&rft.jtitle=Victorian+Review&rft.issue=2&rft.aulast=Review&rft.aufirst=Victorian&rft.date=1995&rft.volume=21&rft.pages=129-144+%2816+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Jansson1996"><span class="ouvrage" id="Siv_Jansson1996">Siv Jansson, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Elizabeth Gaskell : Writing against the Angel in the House</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 10,‎ <time>1996</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 65-76 (12 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185625">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Elizabeth+Gaskell+%3A+Writing+against+the+Angel+in+the+House&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.aulast=Jansson&rft.aufirst=Siv&rft.date=1996&rft.volume=10&rft.pages=65-76+%2812+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Watson1996"><span class="ouvrage" id="J._R._Watson1996">J. R. Watson, « <cite style="font-style:normal">'Round the Sofa': Elizabeth Gaskell Tells Stories</cite> », <i>The Yearbook of English Studies</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 26,‎ <time>1996</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 89-99 (11 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3508648">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%27Round+the+Sofa%27%3A+Elizabeth+Gaskell+Tells+Stories&rft.jtitle=The+Yearbook+of+English+Studies&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=J.+R.&rft.date=1996&rft.volume=26&rft.pages=89-99+%2811+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Leaver1996"><span class="ouvrage" id="Elizabeth_Leaver1996">Elizabeth Leaver, « <cite style="font-style:normal">What Will this World Come to ? Old Ways and Education in Elizabeth Gaskell 's "My Lady Ludlow"</cite> », <i>The Gaskell Society Journal</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 10,‎ <time>1996</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 53-64 (12 pages) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45185624">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=What+Will+this+World+Come+to+%3F+Old+Ways+and+Education+in+Elizabeth+Gaskell+%27s+%22My+Lady+Ludlow%22&rft.jtitle=The+Gaskell+Society+Journal&rft.aulast=Leaver&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=1996&rft.volume=10&rft.pages=53-64+%2812+pages%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AElizabeth+Gaskell"></span></span></span>,</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Allusion_littéraire"><span id="Allusion_litt.C3.A9raire"></span>Allusion littéraire</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Modifier la section : Allusion littéraire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=24" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Allusion littéraire"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Elizabeth Gaskell apparaît dans le roman de <a href="/wiki/Nathalie_Stalmans" title="Nathalie Stalmans">Nathalie Stalmans</a>, <i>Si j'avais des ailes. Bruxelles au temps de Charlotte Brontë</i>, Genèse édition, 2019. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=25" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studs_Terkel" title="Studs Terkel">Studs Terkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upton_Sinclair" title="Upton Sinclair">Upton Sinclair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Steinbeck" title="John Steinbeck">John Steinbeck</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&action=edit&section=26" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Elizabeth_Gaskell?uselang=fr">Elizabeth Gaskell</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li><li class="wikisource"><a href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Auteur:Elizabeth_Gaskell" class="extiw" title="s:Auteur:Elizabeth Gaskell">Elizabeth Gaskell</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur <span class="project">Wikisource</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressources relatives aux beaux-arts<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229226?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp01736"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">National Portrait Gallery</span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500524841"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Union List of Artist Names</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressources relatives à la musique<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229226?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discogs.com/artist/1713342"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Discogs</span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/24d49fa8-eb79-4162-b11a-982bd15abc7c"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">MusicBrainz</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la littérature<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229226?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/ea.cgi?19538"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Internet Speculative Fiction Database</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la santé<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229226?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/histoire/biographies/index.php?cle=16903">Bibliothèque interuniversitaire de santé</a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à l'audiovisuel<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229226?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=345&url_prefix=https://www.imdb.com/&id=nm0309121"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">IMDb</span></a></li> </ul></span> </li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers">Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229226?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Elizabeth-Cleghorn-Gaskell"><i>Britannica</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/gaskell-elizabeth-cleghorn"><i>Brockhaus</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cbw.iath.virginia.edu/women_display.php?id=13168"><i>Collective Biographies of Women</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://denstoredanske.lex.dk//Elizabeth_Gaskell/"><i>Den Store Danske Encyklopædi</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutsche-biographie.de/118689649.html"><i>Deutsche Biographie</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionnaire-creatrices.com/fiche-elizabeth-gaskell"><i>Dictionnaire universel des créatrices</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enciclopediadelledonne.it/biografie/elizabeth-gaskell-elizabeth-cleghorn-stevenson"><i>Enciclopedia delle donne</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0064151.xml"><i>Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=21329"><i>Hrvatska Enciklopedija</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/elizabeth-gaskell"><i>Nationalencyklopedin</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/10434"><i>Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://proleksis.lzmk.hr/22764"><i>Proleksis enciklopedija</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/Elizabeth_Gaskell"><i>Store norske leksikon</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/elizabeth-gaskell/"><i>Universalis</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vle.lt/Straipsnis/elizabeth-cleghorn-gaskell"><i>Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija</i></a></li> </ul></div></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a 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data-nosnippet="">Ce document provient de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&oldid=215192069">https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gaskell&oldid=215192069</a> ».</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Accueil" title="Catégorie:Accueil">Catégories</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Naissance_en_septembre_1810" title="Catégorie:Naissance en septembre 1810">Naissance en septembre 1810</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Naissance_%C3%A0_Chelsea_(Londres)" title="Catégorie:Naissance à Chelsea (Londres)">Naissance à Chelsea (Londres)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:D%C3%A9c%C3%A8s_%C3%A0_55_ans" title="Catégorie:Décès à 55 ans">Décès à 55 ans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:D%C3%A9c%C3%A8s_en_novembre_1865" title="Catégorie:Décès en novembre 1865">Décès en novembre 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