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Ayúdanos \u003Ca href=\"/Categor%C3%ADa:Art%C3%ADculos_a_normalizar\" title=\"Categoría:Artículos a normalizar\"\u003Enormalizando artículos\u003C/a\u003E.\u003Cbr\u003E\n¿Tienes experiencia? Crea alguno de estos \u003Cbig\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/EcuRed:Art%C3%ADculos_solicitados\" title=\"EcuRed:Artículos solicitados\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color:green\"\u003Eartículos de actualidad\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E\u003C/big\u003E.\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/center\u003E\n\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div><div class="mw-indicators mw-body-content"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="display:none">EcuRed:Enciclopedia cubana</span></h1><div id="mw-page-header-links"><div role="navigation" class="mw-portlet" id="p-namespaces" aria-labelledby="p-namespaces-label"><h3 id="p-namespaces-label" lang="es" dir="ltr">Espacios de nombres</h3><div class="mw-portlet-body"><ul><li id="ca-nstab-project" class="selected"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Enciclopedia_cubana" title="Ver la página del proyecto [a]" accesskey="a"><span>Página principal</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed_discusi%C3%B3n:Enciclopedia_cubana" rel="discussion" title="Discusión acerca de la página de contenido [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discusión</span></a></li></ul></div></div><div role="navigation" class="mw-portlet" id="p-views" aria-labelledby="p-views-label"><h3 id="p-views-label" lang="es" dir="ltr">Acciones de página</h3><div class="mw-portlet-body"><ul><li id="ca-view" class="selected"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Enciclopedia_cubana" redundant="1"><span>Ver</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/index.php?title=EcuRed:Enciclopedia_cubana&action=edit" title="Esta página está protegida. Puedes ver su código fuente [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Ver código</span></a></li><li id="ca-history"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/index.php?title=EcuRed:Enciclopedia_cubana&action=history" title="Versiones anteriores de esta página [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Historial</span></a></li><li id="ca-more" class="dropdown-toggle"><span>Más</span></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="visualClear"></div><div class="mw-body-content" id="bodyContent"><div id="contentSub"></div><div id="mw-content-text" lang="es" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="col-md-12 hidden-sm hidden-xs"> <div id="frase_header"> <h2><span id="La_frase_del_día"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="La_frase_del_d.C3.ADa">La frase del día</span></h2> </div> <div id="frase_content"> <table width="100%" align="center" style="border: 0px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); background:none;"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td style="width:1%; background:none; text-align: right;" colspan="10"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Archivo:Quote1.png" class="image"><img alt="Quote1.png" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/5/56/Quote1.png" width="17" height="16" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="16"/></a> </td> <td style="width:99%; border:0px; font-size:100%; color:#000; text-align:left; background:none; padding: 5px"><i>Patria es humanidad, es aquella porción de la humanidad que vemos mas cerca, y en que nos tocó nacer.</i> <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Archivo:Quote2.png" class="image"><img alt="Quote2.png" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/8/88/Quote2.png/15px-Quote2.png" width="15" height="14" srcset="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/8/88/Quote2.png 1.5x" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="16"/></a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table width="100%" align="center" style="border: 0px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); background:none;"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td style="color:#000000; background:none; text-align: right;" colspan="10"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Jos%C3%A9_Mart%C3%AD" title="José Martí"><img alt="Firma-jose-marti.png" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/7/7c/Firma-jose-marti.png/100px-Firma-jose-marti.png" width="100" height="23" srcset="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/7/7c/Firma-jose-marti.png/150px-Firma-jose-marti.png 1.5x, /web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/7/7c/Firma-jose-marti.png/200px-Firma-jose-marti.png 2x" data-file-width="3903" data-file-height="894"/></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div> <div class="columna-izquieda"> <div id="actualidad_header"><h2><span id="Artículos_Solicitados"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Art.C3.ADculos_Solicitados">Artículos Solicitados</span></h2> </div> <div id="actualidad_content"> <div class="floatright"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Art%C3%ADculos_solicitados" title="Artículos solicitados"><img alt="Artículos solicitados" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/5/5e/Art%C3%ADculos_solicitados.jpg/100px-Art%C3%ADculos_solicitados.jpg" width="100" height="68" class="thumbborder" srcset="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/5/5e/Art%C3%ADculos_solicitados.jpg/150px-Art%C3%ADculos_solicitados.jpg 1.5x, /web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/5/5e/Art%C3%ADculos_solicitados.jpg/200px-Art%C3%ADculos_solicitados.jpg 2x" data-file-width="367" data-file-height="249"/></a></div> <b><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Art%C3%ADculos_solicitados" title="EcuRed:Artículos solicitados">Ayuda a mantener EcuRed al día</a></b>. Le invitamos a crear artículos de interés y actualidad en las temáticas relacionadas con la <i>Cultura, Deporte, Política, Ciencia y Tecnología, Economía, Salud, Geografía y Medio Ambiente, entre otros</i>. Los artículos solicitados permiten la actualización y el crecimiento armónico de EcuRed. </div> <div id="actualidad_header"><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Actualidad">Actualidad</span></h2> </div> <div id="actualidad_content"> <dl><dt><b><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Panorama_Mundial" title="Portal:Panorama Mundial">Panorama Mundial</a></b><br/></dt> <dt><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Panorama_Mundial/DE_LA_PRENSA" title="Portal:Panorama Mundial/DE LA PRENSA">Prensa</a> - <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Panorama_Mundial/RESUMEN_SEMANAL_Y_REVISTA" title="Portal:Panorama Mundial/RESUMEN SEMANAL Y REVISTA">Resumen semanal y Revista</a> - <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Panorama_Mundial/DE_CUBA" title="Portal:Panorama Mundial/DE CUBA">Cuba</a> - <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Panorama_Mundial/DEL_MUNDO02" title="Portal:Panorama Mundial/DEL MUNDO02">El Mundo</a></dt></dl> </div> <div id="efemerides_header"> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="Hoy_en_la_historia">Hoy en la historia</span></h1> </div> <div id="efemerides_content"> <div class="floatright"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Archivo:Nicolas_Guillen_retrato.jpg" class="image" title="Nicolás Guillén"><img alt="Nicolás Guillén" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/2/2d/Nicolas_Guillen_retrato.jpg/90px-Nicolas_Guillen_retrato.jpg" width="90" height="139" srcset="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/2/2d/Nicolas_Guillen_retrato.jpg/135px-Nicolas_Guillen_retrato.jpg 1.5x, /web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/2/2d/Nicolas_Guillen_retrato.jpg/180px-Nicolas_Guillen_retrato.jpg 2x" data-file-width="389" data-file-height="600"/></a></div> <ul><li><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/1509" title="1509">1509</a> - Nace el reformador de la iglesia <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Juan_Calvino" title="Juan Calvino">Juan Calvino</a>, teólogo francés.</li> <li><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/1884" title="1884">1884</a> - Muere <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Paul_Charles_Murphy" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Charles Murphy">Paul Charles Murphy</a>, creador del <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/index.php?title=Ajedrez_moderno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ajedrez moderno (la página no existe)">ajedrez moderno</a>.</li> <li><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/1902" title="1902">1902</a> - Nace en <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Camag%C3%BCey" title="Camagüey">Camagüey</a> el poeta nacional de Cuba <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Nicol%C3%A1s_Guill%C3%A9n" title="Nicolás Guillén">Nicolás Guillén</a> (<i>en la imagen</i>).</li> <li><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/1964" title="1964">1964</a> - Fallece <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Aniceto_D%C3%ADaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Aniceto Díaz">Aniceto Díaz</a>, compositor, flautista y saxofonista matancero creador del danzonete.</li> <li><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/1989" title="1989">1989</a> - Muere <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Mel_Blanc" title="Mel Blanc">Mel Blanc</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Actor_de_voz" class="mw-redirect" title="Actor de voz">actor de voz</a> estadounidense.</li></ul> <p><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/10_de_julio" title="10 de julio">Más...</a> </p> </div> <div id="referencia_header"> <h1><span id="Artículo_de_referencia"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Art.C3.ADculo_de_referencia">Artículo de referencia</span></h1> </div> <div id="referencia_content"> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:92px;"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Archivo:Nicol%C3%A1s_Guill%C3%A9n-2.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/4/40/Nicol%C3%A1s_Guill%C3%A9n-2.jpg/90px-Nicol%C3%A1s_Guill%C3%A9n-2.jpg" width="90" height="82" class="thumbimage" srcset="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/4/40/Nicol%C3%A1s_Guill%C3%A9n-2.jpg/135px-Nicol%C3%A1s_Guill%C3%A9n-2.jpg 1.5x, /web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/4/40/Nicol%C3%A1s_Guill%C3%A9n-2.jpg/180px-Nicol%C3%A1s_Guill%C3%A9n-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="331" data-file-height="300"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Archivo:Nicol%C3%A1s_Guill%C3%A9n-2.jpg" class="internal" title="Aumentar"></a></div>Nicolás Guillén</div></div></div> <p><b>Nicolás Guillén</b>. Fue un periodista, poeta y político cubano, considerado por su obra como <b>Poeta Nacional de Cuba</b>. Sus ideas revolucionarias los mantuvieron en el exilio durante los últimos años de la <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Fulgencio_Batista" title="Fulgencio Batista">dictadura batistiana</a> regresando a la isla tras el <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Triunfo_de_la_Revoluci%C3%B3n_Cubana" class="mw-redirect" title="Triunfo de la Revolución Cubana">triunfo rebelde</a> de <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/1959" title="1959">1959</a>. En la Cuba socialista que llegó al poder en 1959 se integró al <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Partido_Comunista_de_Cuba" title="Partido Comunista de Cuba">Partido Comunista</a> y estuvo entre los fundadores de la <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Uni%C3%B3n_de_Escritores_y_Artistas_de_Cuba" title="Unión de Escritores y Artistas de Cuba">Unión de Escritores y Artistas de Cuba</a>, siendo el primer presidente de esta organización. Fue merecedor de la <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Orden_Jos%C3%A9_Mart%C3%AD" title="Orden José Martí">Orden José Martí</a> en 1981... </p> <div align="right"><i><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Nicol%C3%A1s_Guill%C3%A9n" title="Nicolás Guillén">Ver artículo completo</a></i></div> <p><small><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Art%C3%ADculos_de_referencia" title="EcuRed:Artículos de referencia"> De referencia</a> <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Art%C3%ADculos_de_referencia" title="EcuRed:Artículos de referencia"><img alt="Referencia-icon.png" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/e/e2/Referencia-icon.png/14px-Referencia-icon.png" width="14" height="14" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/e/e2/Referencia-icon.png/21px-Referencia-icon.png 1.5x, /web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/e/e2/Referencia-icon.png/28px-Referencia-icon.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128"/></a></small><small> <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Art%C3%ADculos_destacados" title="EcuRed:Artículos destacados"> Destacados</a> <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Art%C3%ADculos_destacados" title="EcuRed:Artículos destacados"><img alt="Ok-icon-verde.png" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/e/e2/Ok-icon-verde.png/14px-Ok-icon-verde.png" width="14" height="14" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/e/e2/Ok-icon-verde.png/21px-Ok-icon-verde.png 1.5x, /web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/e/e2/Ok-icon-verde.png/28px-Ok-icon-verde.png 2x" data-file-width="2083" data-file-height="2083"/></a></small><small><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Art%C3%ADculos_certificados" title="EcuRed:Artículos certificados"> Certificados</a> <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Art%C3%ADculos_certificados" title="EcuRed:Artículos certificados"><img alt="Referencia-icon-naranja.png" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/f/f6/Referencia-icon-naranja.png/15px-Referencia-icon-naranja.png" width="15" height="15" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/f/f6/Referencia-icon-naranja.png/23px-Referencia-icon-naranja.png 1.5x, /web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/f/f6/Referencia-icon-naranja.png/30px-Referencia-icon-naranja.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000"/></a></small> </p> </div> <div id="curiosidades_header"> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="Curiosidades">Curiosidades</span></h1> </div> <div id="curiosidades_content"> <ul><li>En <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/1439" title="1439">1439</a>, en <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Inglaterra" title="Inglaterra">Inglaterra</a>, se ilegalizaron los besos como método para controlar la propagación de enfermedades por contacto físico. Los romanos distinguían 3 tipos de besos: El osculum, que se da en la mejilla entre amigos; el basium, en los labios; y el suavem, que se dan los amantes.</li> <li>En la antigua <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Inglaterra" title="Inglaterra">Inglaterra</a> la gente no podía tener sexo sin contar con el consentimiento del Rey (a menos que se tratara de un miembro de la familia real).Cuando la gente quería tener un hijo debían solicitar un permiso al monarca, quien les entregaba una placa que debían colgar afuera de su puerta mientras tenían relaciones. La placa decía <i>Fornication Under Consent of the King</i> (F--U---C--K.). Ese es el origen de tan "socorrida" palabrita.</li></ul> </div> </div> <div class="columna-derecha"> <div id="antesde_header"> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Antes_de_comenzar">Antes de comenzar</span></h2> </div> <div id="antesde_content"> <ul><li>Ayúdanos a mejorar <b><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240710215139/http://ecured.cubava.cu/2016/08/22/necesita-el-entorno-de-ecured-ser-mas-wikipedia/">dando tu opinión</a>.</b></li> <li>Notifique algún error o sugerencia al <b><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240710215139/mailto:ecured@idict.cu">Correo del IDICT</a></b> (ecured@idict.cu) o al <b><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240710215139/mailto:ecured@jovenclub.cu.">Correo del Grupo Técnico EcuRed(Jovenclub)</a></b>(ecured@jovenclub.cu.).</li> <li>Infórmate sobre lo que la <b><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Lo_que_EcuRed_no_es" class="mw-redirect" title="Lo que EcuRed no es">EcuRed no es</a></b>.<div class="floatright"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240710215139/http://www.ecured.cu/Recursos/ecured-manual_de_usuario.pdf.zip" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener"><img alt="Manual de usuario EcuRed." src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/8/8a/Pdfportada.png" width="110" height="158" data-file-width="110" data-file-height="158"/></a></div></li> <li>Lee el <b><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Manual_de_estilo" title="EcuRed:Manual de estilo">Manual de Estilo</a></b> y las <b><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Pol%C3%ADticas" title="EcuRed:Políticas">Políticas</a></b>.</li> <li>Descarga y estudia <b><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240710215139/http://www.ecured.cu/Recursos/ecured-manual_de_usuario.pdf.zip">este manual</a></b> de EcuRed.</li> <li>Toma en cuenta los principios de <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Pol%C3%ADticas#Responsabilidad" title="EcuRed:Políticas"><b>Responsabilidad</b></a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Pol%C3%ADticas#Trazabilidad" title="EcuRed:Políticas"><b>Trazabilidad</b></a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Pol%C3%ADticas#Originalidad" title="EcuRed:Políticas"><b>Originalidad</b></a> y <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Pol%C3%ADticas#Fiabilidad" title="EcuRed:Políticas"><b>Fiabilidad</b></a>.</li> <li>Visita los <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Art%C3%ADculos_de_referencia" title="EcuRed:Artículos de referencia"><b>artículos de referencia</b></a>.</li> <li>Practica en las <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Zona_de_prueba" title="EcuRed:Zona de prueba"><b>Zonas de prueba</b></a>.</li> <li>Para el uso de las <b>fuentes</b> es importante consultar <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Fuentes_(Recomendaciones)" title="EcuRed:Fuentes (Recomendaciones)">las <b>recomendaciones sobre Fuentes</b></a> y trabajar con <b>fuentes fiables</b>. Te sugerimos, según el tema del artículo, las <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Fuentes_recomendadas" title="EcuRed:Fuentes recomendadas"><b>fuentes recomendadas</b></a> por Ecured.</li> <li>¿Por qué <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:No_justificar_textos_en_EcuRed" class="mw-redirect" title="EcuRed:No justificar textos en EcuRed"><b>evitar el uso del código</b></a> <div align="justify"> para Justificar Textos?</li> <li>¿Cuáles son las <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Caracter%C3%ADsticas_esenciales_de_las_Categor%C3%ADas" class="mw-redirect" title="EcuRed:Características esenciales de las Categorías"><b>características esenciales de las Categorías</b></a>?</li> <li>Consulta las orientaciones para el <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Para_comenzar#Im.C3.A1genes" title="EcuRed:Para comenzar"><b>trabajo con imágenes</b></a>.</li> <li>Para nombrar correctamente los artículos: Consulta las convenciones para <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Convenciones_de_t%C3%ADtulos" title="EcuRed:Convenciones de títulos"><b>títulos de los artículos</b></a></li> <li>Las <b>referencias</b> a otras obras en los artículos son muy importantes. Las referencias se reseñan en una sección aparte, al final del texto. Consulte las formas recomendadas para <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Referencias" title="EcuRed:Referencias"><b>referenciar otras obras en los artículos</b></a></li></ul> </div> <div id="descargas_header"><h1><span class="mw-headline" id="Descargas">Descargas</span></h1></div> <div id="descargas_content"> <p>EcuRed cuenta con una <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed_Port%C3%A1til" title="EcuRed Portátil">versión portátil</a>, basada en <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Kiwix" title="Kiwix">Kiwix</a>, que le ayudará a tener acceso a los contenidos de la enciclopedia sin estar conectado a la Red.<br/> </p> Si no tiene la aplicación, puede descargar la versión de kiwix que necesite desde los siguientes enlaces <div style="margin-left: 30%;"><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240710215139/http://download.jovenclub.cu/ecured/Ecured-Portable/Kiwix_Windows.zip" title="Kiwix para Windows - 82M" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener"><img alt="Kiwix para Windows - 82M" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/7/7b/Icon_windows_256x256px.png/40px-Icon_windows_256x256px.png" width="40" height="40" srcset="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/7/7b/Icon_windows_256x256px.png/60px-Icon_windows_256x256px.png 1.5x, /web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/7/7b/Icon_windows_256x256px.png/80px-Icon_windows_256x256px.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256"/></a></div></div> <div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240710215139/http://download.jovenclub.cu/ecured/Ecured-Portable/Kiwix_Linux.zip" title="Kiwix para Linux - 149M" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener"><img alt="Kiwix para Linux - 149M" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/8/8b/Tux_Portable.png/40px-Tux_Portable.png" width="40" height="47" srcset="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/8/8b/Tux_Portable.png/60px-Tux_Portable.png 1.5x, /web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/8/8b/Tux_Portable.png/80px-Tux_Portable.png 2x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="314"/></a></div></div> <div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240710215139/http://download.jovenclub.cu/ecured/EcuMovil/kiwix-1.97.apk" title="Kiwix para Android - 10.2M" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener"><img alt="Kiwix para Android - 10.2M" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/7/7f/Icon_android_256x300px.png/40px-Icon_android_256x300px.png" width="40" height="47" srcset="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/7/7f/Icon_android_256x300px.png/60px-Icon_android_256x300px.png 1.5x, /web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/7/7f/Icon_android_256x300px.png/80px-Icon_android_256x300px.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="300"/></a></div></div> <div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240710215139/http://download.jovenclub.cu/ecured/EcuMovil/Kiwix_MacOS.zip" title="Kiwix para MacOS - 16M" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener"><img alt="Kiwix para MacOS - 16M" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/0/02/MacOS_logo_600x600.png/40px-MacOS_logo_600x600.png" width="40" height="40" srcset="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/0/02/MacOS_logo_600x600.png/60px-MacOS_logo_600x600.png 1.5x, /web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/0/02/MacOS_logo_600x600.png/80px-MacOS_logo_600x600.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></a></div></div></div> o desde la página de descargas del proyecto <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240710215139/https://www.kiwix.org/en/download">Kiwix</a><br/> Con el Kiwix instalado, descarge la fuente documental de EcuRed e impórtela. <div style="margin-left: 25%;"><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240710215139/http://download.jovenclub.cu/ecured/Ecured-Portable/ecured_es_all_2022-03.zim" title="Fuente documental EcuRed - 4.1G" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener"><img alt="Fuente documental EcuRed - 4.1G" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/d/df/Zim.png/60px-Zim.png" width="60" height="60" srcset="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/d/df/Zim.png/90px-Zim.png 1.5x, /web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/d/df/Zim.png/120px-Zim.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128"/></a></div></div>    (actualizada marzo 2022- 4.1G)</div>La Fuente documental es un fichero <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/index.php?title=ZIM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ZIM (la página no existe)">ZIM</a> que es un formato abierto para almacenar contenido wiki. <p>Además puede descargar una colección de libros digitales, generados a partir de los contenidos de la EcuRed <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuLibros" class="mw-redirect" title="EcuLibros">EcuLibros</a>. </p> <hr/> El editor offline te permitirá crear artículos de forma local <div class="floatright"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240710215139/http://download.jovenclub.cu/ecured/ecured_editor_release_2.0.zip" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener"><img alt="Descarga ecured editor.png" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/7/79/Descarga_ecured_editor.png" width="99" height="26" data-file-width="99" data-file-height="26"/></a></div><br/> <p>en tu PC y posteriormente subirlo a la EcuRed </p><p>Versión 2.0<br/> </p> </div> <div id="Galerias_header"> <h1><span id="Galería"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Galer.C3.ADa">Galería</span></h1> </div> <div id="Galerias_content"> <p><b><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Amelia_Pel%C3%A1ez" title="Amelia Peláez">Amelia Peláez</a></b> fue una artista plástica cubana reconocida tanto en el ámbito nacional como internacional. En <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Cuba" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> se destacó por una renovación del lenguaje, tanto en la pintura como en la cerámica, durante el periodo de su prolifera obra artística. </p> <center> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"><div style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><div style="margin:17.5px auto;"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Archivo:Amelia--esso.JPG" class="image"><img alt="" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/e/e7/Amelia--esso.JPG/120px-Amelia--esso.JPG" width="120" height="115" srcset="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/e/e7/Amelia--esso.JPG/180px-Amelia--esso.JPG 1.5x, /web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/e/e7/Amelia--esso.JPG/240px-Amelia--esso.JPG 2x" data-file-width="513" data-file-height="491"/></a></div></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p><small>Mural para el antiguo edificio de la ESSO</small> </p> </div> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"><div style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><div style="margin:22px auto;"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Archivo:Amelia-MURAL-ENSC-1937.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/1/15/Amelia-MURAL-ENSC-1937.jpg/120px-Amelia-MURAL-ENSC-1937.jpg" width="120" height="106" srcset="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/1/15/Amelia-MURAL-ENSC-1937.jpg/180px-Amelia-MURAL-ENSC-1937.jpg 1.5x, /web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/1/15/Amelia-MURAL-ENSC-1937.jpg/240px-Amelia-MURAL-ENSC-1937.jpg 2x" data-file-width="611" data-file-height="541"/></a></div></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p><small>Boceto del Mural para la Escuela Normal de Santa Clara</small> </p> </div> </div></li> </ul> </center> <p><br/> </p> </div> <div id="consejo_header"> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="El_consejo_de_hoy">El consejo de hoy</span></h1> </div> <div id="consejo_content"> <p><b>Buscar con Google</b> </p> <ul><li>Para restringir las búsquedas con <b><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Google" title="Google">Google</a></b> a un país o dominio específico, utilizaremos la palabra clave “<b>site:</b>” seguido de un dominio. Este operador sirve tanto para dominios web como para dominios de nivel superior. <ul><li>fútbol <b>site:cu</b></li> <li>fidel <b>site:juventudrebelde.cu</b></li></ul></li></ul> <table width="98%" border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Sistema:Consejo_del_d%C3%ADa/20" title="Sistema:Consejo del día/20">Ver Consejo anterior</a></b> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="right"><b><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Sistema:Consejo_del_d%C3%ADa/22" title="Sistema:Consejo del día/22">Ver Consejo siguiente</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div> <div class="portales"> <div id="portales_header"> <h2><span id="Portales_temáticos"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Portales_tem.C3.A1ticos">Portales temáticos</span></h2> </div> <div id="portales_content"> <p><b><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Convocatoria" title="Portal:Convocatoria">¿Cómo colaborar?</a></b> | <b><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/EcuRed:Portal_del_colaborador" title="EcuRed:Portal del colaborador">Todos los Portales</a></b><br/> </p> <div id="portal"> <div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Archivo:CinePortales.png" class="image" title="Arte y Cultura"><img alt="Arte y Cultura" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/0/03/CinePortales.png" width="67" height="71" data-file-width="67" data-file-height="71"/></a></div></div> <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Cine_Cubano" title="Portal:Cine Cubano">Cine Cubano</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:C%C3%B3cteles" title="Portal:Cócteles">Cócteles</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Cristianismo" title="Portal:Cristianismo">Cristianismo</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Literatura" title="Portal:Literatura">Literatura</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:M%C3%BAsica" title="Portal:Música">Música</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Danza" title="Portal:Danza">Danza</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:S%C3%ADmbolos_de_la_Naci%C3%B3n_Cubana" title="Portal:Símbolos de la Nación Cubana">Símbolos de la Nación Cubana</a>,<br/><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Yoruba" title="Portal:Yoruba">Yoruba</a><br/> <p><br/> </p> </div> <div id="portal"> <div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Archivo:Ciencia_2.png" class="image" title="Ciencia y Tecnología"><img alt="Ciencia y Tecnología" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/9/92/Ciencia_2.png" width="88" height="74" data-file-width="88" data-file-height="74"/></a></div></div><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Ciencia" title="Portal:Ciencia">Ciencia</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Aeron%C3%A1utica" title="Portal:Aeronáutica">Aeronáutica</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Colores" title="Portal:Colores">Colores</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Dise%C3%B1o_y_Animaci%C3%B3n_3D" title="Portal:Diseño y Animación 3D">Diseño y Animación 3D</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Inform%C3%A1tica" title="Portal:Informática">Informática</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Linux" title="Portal:Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Videojuegos" title="Portal:Videojuegos">Videojuegos</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Radioaficionados_de_Cuba" title="Portal:Radioaficionados de Cuba">Radioaficionados</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Ciencias_M%C3%A9dicas" title="Portal:Ciencias Médicas">Ciencias Médicas</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Salud_en_Cuba" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Salud en Cuba">Salud en Cuba</a> <br/> </div> <div id="portal"> <div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Archivo:Deporte_cubano_%C3%ADcono.png" class="image" title="Deporte"><img alt="Deporte" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/0/09/Deporte_cubano_%C3%ADcono.png" width="69" height="70" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="70"/></a></div></div> <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:B%C3%A9isbol" title="Portal:Béisbol">Béisbol</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Deporte_en_Cuba" title="Portal:Deporte en Cuba">Deporte en Cuba</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:F%C3%BAtbol" title="Portal:Fútbol">Fútbol</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Industriales" title="Portal:Industriales">Industriales</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Real_Madrid" title="Portal:Real Madrid">Real Madrid</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:FC_Barcelona" title="Portal:FC Barcelona">FC Barcelona</a><br/> </div> <div id="portal"> <div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Archivo:Nacion_cubana_portada.png" class="image" title="Flora y Fauna"><img alt="Flora y Fauna" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/4/41/Nacion_cubana_portada.png" width="65" height="63" data-file-width="65" data-file-height="63"/></a></div></div> <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Biodiversidad_Cubana" title="Portal:Biodiversidad Cubana">Biodiversidad Cubana</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Cactus" title="Portal:Cactus">Cactus</a>,<br/><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Perros" title="Portal:Perros">Canino</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Dinosaurios" title="Portal:Dinosaurios">Dinosaurios</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Gatos" title="Portal:Gatos">Gatos</a>,<br/><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Orqu%C3%ADdeas" title="Portal:Orquídeas">Orquídeas</a><br/> </div> <div id="portal"> <div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Archivo:Geography.png" class="image" title="Geografía"><img alt="Geografía" src="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/3/35/Geography.png/65px-Geography.png" width="65" height="65" srcset="/web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/thumb/3/35/Geography.png/98px-Geography.png 1.5x, /web/20240710215139im_/https://www.ecured.cu/images/3/35/Geography.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128"/></a></div></div> <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Pa%C3%ADses" title="Portal:Países">Países</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:China" title="Portal:China">China</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Cuba" title="Portal:Cuba">Cuba</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Dominica" title="Portal:Dominica">Dominica</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Estados_Unidos" title="Portal:Estados Unidos">Estados Unidos</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Hait%C3%AD" title="Portal:Haití">Haití</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Jap%C3%B3n" title="Portal:Japón">Japón</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Guant%C3%A1namo" title="Portal:Guantánamo">Guantánamo</a>, <a href="/web/20240710215139/https://www.ecured.cu/Portal:Mayabeque" title="Portal:Mayabeque">Mayabeque</a>, <a 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