CINXE.COM
Beam Loss Localisation with an Optical Beam Loss Monitor in the CLEAR Facility at CERN - CERN Document Server
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <!--[if IEMobile 7]><html class="iem7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"><![endif]--> <!--[if lte IE 6]><html class="ie6 ie6-7 ie6-8" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"><![endif]--> <!--[if (IE 7)&(!IEMobile)]><html class="ie7 ie6-7 ie6-8" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"><![endif]--> <!--[if IE 8]><html class="ie8 ie6-8" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"><![endif]--> <!--[if (gte IE 9)|(gt IEMobile 7)]><!--><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"><!--<![endif]--> <head> <title>Beam Loss Localisation with an Optical Beam Loss Monitor in the CLEAR Facility at CERN - CERN Document Server</title> <link href='https://framework.web.cern.ch/framework/2.0/fonts/PTSansWeb/PTSansWeb.css' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cds.cern.ch/img/invenio.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_theme/css/cern_theme.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet"href="/css/font-awesome.min.css"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_toolbar/css/toolbar.css" type="text/css" /> <!--[if lt IE 8]> <link href="http://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_toolbar/css/toolbar-ie.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <![endif]--> <!--[if lt IE 8]> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://cds.cern.ch/img/invenio-ie7.css" /> <![endif]--> <!--[if gt IE 8]> <style type="text/css">div.restrictedflag {filter:none;}</style> <![endif]--> <link rel="canonical" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="el" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=el" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=fr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="bg" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=bg" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-TW" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=zh_TW" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=pt" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="no" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=no" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="hr" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=hr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ca" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=ca" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=de" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="it" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=it" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-CN" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=zh_CN" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sv" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=sv" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sk" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=sk" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=en" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pl" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=pl" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ru" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=ru" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ka" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=ka" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ja" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=ja" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="es" href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814?ln=es" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="CERN Document Server RSS" href="/rss?ln=en" /> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="http://cds.cern.ch/opensearchdescription" title="CERN Document Server" /> <link rel="unapi-server" type="application/xml" title="unAPI" href="http://cds.cern.ch/unapi" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/apple-touch-icon.png"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" /> <meta name="description" content="A prototype of a Beam Loss Monitor based on the detection of Cherenkov light in optical fibres is being developed to measure beam losses in the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. Several testing campaigns have been planned to benchmark the simulations of the system and test the electronics in the CLEAR facility at CERN. During the first campaigns, the emission of Cherenkov light inside optical fibres and the photodetector characterisation were studied. Fibre-based Beam Loss monitors continuously monitor beam losses over long distances. The localisation of the beam loss could be calculated from the timing of the signals generated by the photosensors coupled at both ends of the optical fibre. The experimental results of an optical fibre Beam Loss Monitor installed in the CLEAR facility are reported in this paper. Benítez Berrocal, Sara; Chen, Minsi; Effinger, Ewald; Esteban Felipe, Jose; Farabolini, Wilfrid; Korysko, Pierre; Lernevall, Anders; Salvachúa, Belen" /> <meta name="keywords" content="beam-losses, photon, electron, detector, experiment" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://cds.cern.ch/js/jquery.min.js"></script> <!-- WebNews CSS library --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cds.cern.ch/img/webnews.css" type="text/css" /> <!-- WebNews JS library --> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://cds.cern.ch/js/webnews.js?v=20131009"></script> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="137353533001720"/> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$']], processEscapes: true}, showProcessingMessages: false, messageStyle: "none" }); </script> <script src="/MathJax/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS_CHTML" type="text/javascript"> </script> <!-- GoogleScholar --> <meta content="Beam Loss Localisation with an Optical Beam Loss Monitor in the CLEAR Facility at CERN" name="citation_title" /> <meta content="Benítez Berrocal, Sara" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Korysko, Pierre" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Lernevall, Anders" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Chen, Minsi" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Farabolini, Wilfrid" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Effinger, Ewald" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Esteban Felipe, Jose" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Salvachúa, Belen" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOPT045" name="citation_doi" /> <meta content="JACoW IPAC" name="citation_journal_title" /> <meta content="2022" name="citation_volume" /> <meta content="351-354" name="citation_firstpage" /> <meta content="2022" name="citation_publication_date" /> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2023/01/11"> <meta content="10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOPT045" name="citation_doi" /> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814/files/document.pdf" /> <!-- OpenGraph --> <meta content="Beam Loss Localisation with an Optical Beam Loss Monitor in the CLEAR Facility at CERN" property="og:title" /> <meta content="website" property="og:type" /> <meta content="website" property="og:type" /> <meta content="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814" property="og:url" /> <meta content="CERN Document Server" property="og:site_name" /> <meta content="JACoW" property="og:description" /> <meta content="A prototype of a Beam Loss Monitor based on the detection of Cherenkov light in optical fibres is being developed to measure beam losses in the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. Several testing campaigns have been planned to benchmark the simulations of the system and test the electronics in the CLEAR facility at CERN. During the first campaigns, the emission of Cherenkov light inside optical fibres and the photodetector characterisation were studied. Fibre-based Beam Loss monitors continuously monitor beam losses over long distances. The localisation of the beam loss could be calculated from the timing of the signals generated by the photosensors coupled at both ends of the optical fibre. The experimental results of an optical fibre Beam Loss Monitor installed in the CLEAR facility are reported in this paper." property="og:description" /> <!-- Twitter Card --> <meta content="summary" name="twitter:card" /> <meta content="summary" name="twitter:card" /> <style></style> </head> <body class="CERN32Document32Server search" lang="en"> <!-- toolbar starts --> <div id="cern-toolbar"> <h1><a href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN">CERN <span>Accelerating science</span></a></h1> <ul> <li class="cern-accountlinks"><a class="cern-account" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/login?ln=en&referer=http%3A//cds.cern.ch/record/2845814" title="Sign in to your CERN account">Sign in</a></li> <li><a class="cern-directory" href="http://cern.ch/directory" title="Search CERN resources and browse the directory">Directory</a></li> </ul> </div> <!-- toolbar ends --> <!-- Nav header starts--> <div role="banner" class="clearfix" id="header"> <div class="header-inner inner"> <hgroup class="clearfix"> <h2 id="site-name"> <a rel="home" title="Home" href="/"><span>CERN Document Server</span></a> </h2> <h3 id="site-slogan">Access articles, reports and multimedia content in HEP</h3> </hgroup><!-- /#name-and-slogan --> <div role="navigation" id="main-navigation" class="cdsmenu"> <h2 class="element-invisible">Main menu</h2><ul class="links inline clearfix"> <li class="menu-386 first active-trail"><a class="active-trail" href="http://cds.cern.ch/?ln=en">Search</a></li> <li class="menu-444 "><a class="" title="" href="http://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=en">Submit</a></li> <li class="menu-426 "><a class="" href="http://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=en">Help</a></li> <li class="leaf hassubcdsmenu"> <a hreflang="en" class="header" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=en">Personalize</a> <ul class="subsubcdsmenu"><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/list?ln=en">Your alerts</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourbaskets/display?ln=en">Your baskets</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourcomments?ln=en">Your comments</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/display?ln=en">Your searches</a></li></ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Nav header ends--> <table class="navtrailbox"> <tr> <td class="navtrailboxbody"> <a href="/?ln=en" class="navtrail">Home</a> > Beam Loss Localisation with an Optical Beam Loss Monitor in the CLEAR Facility at CERN </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="pagebody"><div class="pagebodystripemiddle"> <div class="detailedrecordbox"> <div class="detailedrecordtabs"> <div> <ul class="detailedrecordtabs"><li class="on first"><a href="/record/2845814/?ln=en">Information </a></li><li class=""><a href="/record/2845814/files?ln=en">Files </a></li></ul> <div id="tabsSpacer" style="clear:both;height:0px"> </div></div> </div> <div class="detailedrecordboxcontent"> <div class="top-left-folded"></div> <div class="top-right-folded"></div> <div class="inside"> <!--<div style="height:0.1em;"> </div> <p class="notopgap"> </p>--> <abbr class="unapi-id" title="2845814"></abbr> <style type="text/css"> <!-- ul.detailedrecordtabs li.on a{background-color:#4D94CC;color:#fff !important;border-bottom:1px solid #4D94CC!important;} div.detailedrecordboxcontent {padding-top:0px !important;} --> </style> <table class="formatRecordTableFullWidth" > <tr> <td class="formatRecordHeader" style="background-image: url('http://cds.cern.ch/img/journals.jpg');" colspan="2"> <!--YTD: record may have more than one 690C.a tag--> Article </td> </tr> <script type="text/javascript"> $( document ).ready(function() { $('.showAuthor').on('click', function() { var author = '<p>' + $(this).data('name') + '</p>'; var affiliation = $(this).data('affiliation') + '</br>'; var contribution = $(this).data('contribution') + '</br>'; $.magnificPopup.open({ items: { src: '<div id="ovelary-mathjax" class="overlay-white oc-content overlay-white-500">' + author + affiliation + contribution + '</div>', type: 'inline' }, callbacks: { open: function() { var div = document.getElementById("overlay-mathjax") MathJax.Hub.Queue(["Typeset", MathJax.Hub, div]); }, } }) }) }); </script> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Title </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><b>Beam Loss Localisation with an Optical Beam Loss Monitor in the CLEAR Facility at CERN</b></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> Author(s) </span> </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Ben%C3%ADtez%20Berrocal%2C%20Sara&ln=en">Benítez Berrocal, Sara</a> (CERN) ; <a href="http://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Chen%2C%20Minsi&ln=en">Chen, Minsi</a> (Huddersfield U.) ; <a href="http://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Effinger%2C%20Ewald&ln=en">Effinger, Ewald</a> (CERN) ; <a href="http://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Esteban%20Felipe%2C%20Jose&ln=en">Esteban Felipe, Jose</a> (CERN) ; <a href="http://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Farabolini%2C%20Wilfrid&ln=en">Farabolini, Wilfrid</a> (IRFU, Saclay ; CERN) ; <a href="http://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Korysko%2C%20Pierre&ln=en">Korysko, Pierre</a> (CERN ; Oxford U.) ; <a href="http://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Lernevall%2C%20Anders&ln=en">Lernevall, Anders</a> (CERN) ; <a href="http://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Salvach%C3%BAa%2C%20Belen&ln=en">Salvachúa, Belen</a> (CERN)</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Publication </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">2022</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Number of pages </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">4</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> In: </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOPT045"><i>JACoW IPAC</i> 2022 (2022) 351-354</a> </a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> In: </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://cds.cern.ch/record/2806400">13th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 2022)</a>, Bangkok, Thailand, 12 - 17 Jun 2022, pp.351-354</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> DOI </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOPT045" title="DOI" target="_blank">10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOPT045</a> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Subject category </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Accelerators and Storage Rings</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Abstract </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">A prototype of a Beam Loss Monitor based on the detection of Cherenkov light in optical fibres is being developed to measure beam losses in the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. Several testing campaigns have been planned to benchmark the simulations of the system and test the electronics in the CLEAR facility at CERN. During the first campaigns, the emission of Cherenkov light inside optical fibres and the photodetector characterisation were studied. Fibre-based Beam Loss monitors continuously monitor beam losses over long distances. The localisation of the beam loss could be calculated from the timing of the signals generated by the photosensors coupled at both ends of the optical fibre. The experimental results of an optical fibre Beam Loss Monitor installed in the CLEAR facility are reported in this paper.</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Copyright/License </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">CC-BY-3.0</a></td></tr> </table> <br/>Corresponding record in: <a href="http://inspirehep.net/record/2137701">Inspire</a> <small> </small> <br/> <br/><br/><div align="right"><div style="padding-bottom:2px;padding-top:30px;"><span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"> <a href="" class="moreinfo">Back to search</a> </span></div></div> <div class="bottom-left-folded"><div class="recordlastmodifiedbox" style="position:relative;margin-left:1px"> Record created 2023-01-11, last modified 2023-01-11</div></div> <div class="bottom-right-folded" style="text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px;"> <span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"><a href="/search?ln=en&p=recid%3A2845814&rm=wrd" class="moreinfo">Similar records</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <br/> <br /> <div class="detailedrecordminipanel"> <div class="top-left"></div><div class="top-right"></div> <div class="inside"> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelfile" style="width:33%;float:left;text-align:center;margin-top:0"> <div><small class="detailedRecordActions">Fulltext:</small> <br /><a href="/record/2845814/files/document.pdf"><img style="border:none" src="/img/file-icon-text-34x48.gif" alt="Download fulltext" /><br />PDF</a><br /></div> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelreview" style="width:30%;float:left;text-align:center"> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelactions" style="width:36%;float:right;text-align:right;"> <ul class="detailedrecordactions"> <li><a href="/yourbaskets/add?ln=en&recid=2845814">Add to personal basket</a></li> <li>Export as <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2845814/export/hx?ln=en">BibTeX</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2845814/export/hm?ln=en">MARC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2845814/export/xm?ln=en">MARCXML</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2845814/export/xd?ln=en">DC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2845814/export/xe?ln=en">EndNote</a>, <!-- <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2845814/export/xe8x?ln=en">EndNote (8-X)</a>,--> <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2845814/export/xn?ln=en">NLM</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2845814/export/xw?ln=en">RefWorks</a> </li> </ul> <div style='padding-left: 13px;'> <!-- JQuery Bookmark Button BEGIN --> <div id="bookmark"></div> <div id="bookmark_sciencewise"></div> <style type="text/css"> #bookmark_sciencewise, #bookmark {float: left;} #bookmark_sciencewise li {padding: 2px; width: 25px;} #bookmark_sciencewise ul, #bookmark ul {list-style-image: none;} </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.bookmark.min.js"></script> <style type="text/css">@import "/css/jquery.bookmark.css";</style> <script type="text/javascript">// <![CDATA[ $.bookmark.addSite('sciencewise', 'ScienceWise.info', 'http://cds.cern.ch/img/sciencewise.png', 'en', 'bookmark', 'http://sciencewise.info/bookmarks/cds:2845814/add'); $('#bookmark_sciencewise').bookmark({sites: ['sciencewise']}); $('#bookmark').bookmark({ sites: ['facebook', 'twitter', 'linkedin', 'google_plusone'], icons: '/img/bookmarks.png', url: 'http://cds.cern.ch/record/2845814', addEmail: true, title: "Beam Loss Localisation with an Optical Beam Loss Monitor in the CLEAR Facility at CERN", description: "A prototype of a Beam Loss Monitor based on the detection of Cherenkov light in optical fibres is being developed to measure beam losses in the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. Several testing campaigns have been planned to benchmark the simulations of the system and test the electronics in the CLEAR facility at CERN. During the first campaigns, the emission of Cherenkov light inside optical fibres and the photodetector characterisation were studied. Fibre-based Beam Loss monitors continuously monitor beam losses over long distances. The localisation of the beam loss could be calculated from the timing of the signals generated by the photosensors coupled at both ends of the optical fibre. The experimental results of an optical fibre Beam Loss Monitor installed in the CLEAR facility are reported in this paper." }); // ]]> </script> <!-- JQuery Bookmark Button END --> </div> </div> <div style="clear:both;margin-bottom: 0;"></div> </div> <div class="bottom-left"></div><div class="bottom-right"></div> </div> </div></div> <footer id="footer" class="pagefooter clearfix"> <!-- replaced page footer --> <div class="pagefooterstripeleft"> CERN Document Server :: <a class="footer" href="http://cds.cern.ch/?ln=en">Search</a> :: <a class="footer" href="http://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=en">Submit</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=en">Personalize</a> :: <a class="footer" href="http://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=en">Help</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=privacy_policy&se=CDS-Service" target="_blank">Privacy Notice</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://repository.cern/content-policy" target="_blank">Content Policy</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://repository.cern/terms" target="_blank">Terms and Conditions</a> <br /> Powered by <a class="footer" href="http://invenio-software.org/">Invenio</a> <br /> Maintained by <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=service_element&name=CDS-Service">CDS Service</a> - Need help? Contact <a href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=service_element&name=CDS-Service">CDS Support</a>. <br /> </div> <div class="pagefooterstriperight"> <div class="cern-logo"> <a id="logo" href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN" rel="CERN" ><img src="http://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_theme/img/cern-logo-large.png" alt="CERN" /></a> </div> <div class="cern-languagebox"> This site is also available in the following languages:<br /><a href="/record/2845814?ln=bg" class="langinfo">Български</a> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=ca" class="langinfo">Català</a> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=de" class="langinfo">Deutsch</a> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=el" class="langinfo">Ελληνικά</a> <span class="langinfo">English</span> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=es" class="langinfo">Español</a> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=fr" class="langinfo">Français</a> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=hr" class="langinfo">Hrvatski</a> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=it" class="langinfo">Italiano</a> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=ja" class="langinfo">日本語</a> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=ka" class="langinfo">ქართული</a> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=no" class="langinfo">Norsk/Bokmål</a> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=pl" class="langinfo">Polski</a> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=pt" class="langinfo">Português</a> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=ru" class="langinfo">Русский</a> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=sk" class="langinfo">Slovensky</a> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=sv" class="langinfo">Svenska</a> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=zh_CN" class="langinfo">中文(简)</a> <a href="/record/2845814?ln=zh_TW" class="langinfo">中文(繁)</a> </div> </div> <!-- replaced page footer --> </footer> <script type="text/javascript"> var SyndeticsBookCovers = (function() { var SMALL_SIZE = "sc.gif", MEDIUM_SIZE = "mc.gif", RAW_URL = "https://secure.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=THEISBN/THESIZE&client=cernlibrary"; replaceCover = function(imgElement, isbns, hdFormat) { var img = new Image(), size = hdFormat ? MEDIUM_SIZE : SMALL_SIZE; var _isbns = isbns.sort(function(a, b) { // sort from shortest to longest ISBN (more modern) return a.length > b.length ? 1 : -1; }); function next() { var isbn = _isbns.pop(); if (isbn) { var url = RAW_URL.replace("THEISBN", isbn).replace("THESIZE", size); img.src = url; } } function done() { imgElement.src = img.src; } img.onload = function() { if (this.width > 1) { done(); } else { next(); } }; next(); }; return { replaceCover: replaceCover }; })(); $(document).ready(function() { // get book covers $("img.book-cover").each(function() { var $this = $(this), strIsbns = $this.data("isbns") || "", isbnsArray = String(strIsbns).split(","), hdFormat = $this.hasClass("hd"); SyndeticsBookCovers.replaceCover(this, isbnsArray, hdFormat); }); // WebNews tooltips $.ajax({ url: "/news/tooltips", success: function(data) { create_tooltips(data); }, dataType: "json", cache: false }); }); </script> <!-- Feedback script --> <script src="//cds.cern.ch/js/feedback.js"></script> <!-- Feedback script --> <!-- Matomo --> <script> var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; /* tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" */ _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="https://webanalytics.web.cern.ch/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '756']); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.async=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script> <!-- End Matomo Code --> </body> </html>