CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: fiducial</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: fiducial"> <meta name="keywords" content="fiducial"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="fiducial" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="fiducial"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 8</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: fiducial</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Progress Towards Optimizing and Standardizing Fiducial Placement Geometry in Prostate, Renal, and Pancreatic Cancer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shiva%20Naidoo">Shiva Naidoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kristena%20Yossef"> Kristena Yossef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grimm%20Jimm"> Grimm Jimm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mirza%20Wasique"> Mirza Wasique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Kemmerer"> Eric Kemmerer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joshua%20Obuch"> Joshua Obuch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anand%20Mahadevan"> Anand Mahadevan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Fiducial markers effectively enhance tumor target visibility prior to Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy or Proton therapy. To streamline clinical practice, fiducial placement guidelines from a robotic radiosurgery vendor were examined with the goals of optimizing and standardizing feasible geometries for each treatment indication. Clinical examples of prostate, renal, and pancreatic cases are presented. Methods: Vendor guidelines (Accuray, Sunnyvale, Ca) suggest implantation of 4–6 fiducials at least 20 mm apart, with at least a 15-degree angular difference between fiducials, within 50 mm or less from the target centroid, to ensure that any potential fiducial motion (e.g., from respiration or abdominal/pelvic pressures) will mimic target motion. Also recommended is that all fiducials can be seen in 45-degree oblique views with no overlap to coincide with the robotic radiosurgery imaging planes. For the prostate, a standardized geometry that meets all these objectives is a 2 cm-by-2 cm square in the coronal plane. The transperineal implant of two pairs of preloaded tandem fiducials makes the 2 cm-by-2 cm square geometry clinically feasible. This technique may be applied for renal cancer, except repositioned in a sagittal plane, with the retroperitoneal placement of the fiducials into the tumor. Pancreatic fiducial placement via endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is technically more challenging, as fiducial placement is operator-dependent, and lesion access may be limited by adjacent vasculature, tumor location, or restricted mobility of the EUS probe in the duodenum. Fluoroscopically assisted fiducial placement during EUS can help ensure fiducial markers are deployed with optimal geometry and visualization. Results: Among the first 22 fiducial cases on a newly installed robotic radiosurgery system, live x-ray images for all nine prostatic cases had excellent fiducial visualization at the treatment console. Renal and pancreatic fiducials were not as clearly visible due to difficult target access and smaller caliber insertion needle/fiducial usage. The geometry of the first prostate case was used to ensure accurate geometric marker placement for the remaining 8 cases. Initially, some of the renal and pancreatic fiducials were closer than the 20 mm recommendation, and interactive feedback with the proceduralists led to subsequent fiducials being too far to the edge of the tumor. Further feedback and discussion of all cases are being used to help guide standardized geometries and achieve ideal fiducial placement. Conclusion: The ideal tradeoffs of fiducial visibility versus the thinnest possible gauge needle to avoid complications needs to be systematically optimized among all patients, particularly in regards to body habitus. Multidisciplinary collaboration among proceduralists and radiation oncologists can lead to improved outcomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiducial" title="fiducial">fiducial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prostate%20cancer" title=" prostate cancer"> prostate cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renal%20cancer" title=" renal cancer"> renal cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pancreatic%20cancer" title=" pancreatic cancer"> pancreatic cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiotherapy" title=" radiotherapy"> radiotherapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154063/progress-towards-optimizing-and-standardizing-fiducial-placement-geometry-in-prostate-renal-and-pancreatic-cancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154063.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Tape-Shaped Multiscale Fiducial Marker: A Design Prototype for Indoor Localization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcell%20Serra%20de%20Almeida%20Martins">Marcell Serra de Almeida Martins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benedito%20de%20Souza%20Ribeiro%20Neto"> Benedito de Souza Ribeiro Neto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gerson%20Lima%20Serejo"> Gerson Lima Serejo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Gustavo%20Resque%20Dos%20Santos"> Carlos Gustavo Resque Dos Santos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indoor positioning systems use sensors such as Bluetooth, ZigBee, and Wi-Fi, as well as cameras for image capture, which can be fixed or mobile. These computer vision-based positioning approaches are low-cost to implement, mainly when it uses a mobile camera. The present study aims to create a design of a fiducial marker for a low-cost indoor localization system. The marker is tape-shaped to perform a continuous reading employing two detection algorithms, one for greater distances and another for smaller distances. Therefore, the location service is always operational, even with variations in capture distance. A minimal localization and reading algorithm were implemented for the proposed marker design, aiming to validate it. The accuracy tests consider readings varying the capture distance between [0.5, 10] meters, comparing the proposed marker with others. The tests showed that the proposed marker has a broader capture range than the ArUco and QRCode, maintaining the same size. Therefore, reducing the visual pollution and maximizing the tracking since the ambient can be covered entirely. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiscale%20recognition" title="multiscale recognition">multiscale recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20localization" title=" indoor localization"> indoor localization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tape-shaped%20marker" title=" tape-shaped marker"> tape-shaped marker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiducial%20marker" title=" fiducial marker"> fiducial marker</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163542/tape-shaped-multiscale-fiducial-marker-a-design-prototype-for-indoor-localization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163542.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> OILU Tag: A Projective Invariant Fiducial System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youssef%20Chahir">Youssef Chahir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Messaoud%20Mostefai"> Messaoud Mostefai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Khodja"> Salah Khodja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the development of a 2D visual marker, derived from a recent patented work in the field of numbering systems. The proposed fiducial uses a group of projective invariant straight-line patterns, easily detectable and remotely recognizable. Based on an efficient data coding scheme, the developed marker enables producing a large panel of unique real time identifiers with highly distinguishable patterns. The proposed marker Incorporates simultaneously decimal and binary information, making it readable by both humans and machines. This important feature opens up new opportunities for the development of efficient visual human-machine communication and monitoring protocols. Extensive experiment tests validate the robustness of the marker against acquisition and geometric distortions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20markers" title="visual markers">visual markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=projective%20invariants" title=" projective invariants"> projective invariants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distance%20map" title=" distance map"> distance map</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level%20sets" title=" level sets"> level sets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137830/oilu-tag-a-projective-invariant-fiducial-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137830.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Investigating Clarity Ultrasound Transperineal Ultrasound Imaging as a Method of Localising the Prostate, Compared to Cone Beam Computed Tomography with Fiducials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harley%20Stephens">Harley Stephens</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although fiducial marker insertion is regarded as the ‘gold standard’ in terms of image guided radiotherapy (IGRT), its application must be considered carefully as the procedure can be invasive, time-consuming, and reliant on consultant expertise. Precision of the fiducials is dependent on these markers remaining in the same location and on the prostate not changing shape during the course treatment. To facilitate the acquirement of non-ionising IGRT and intra-fractional prostate tracking, Clarity TPUS was developed as an alternative imaging system. The main benefits of Clarity TPUS are that it is non-invasive, non-ionising and cost-effective. Other studies have compared fiducials to transabdominal ultrasound, which has since been proven to not be as accurate as trans-perineal imaging, as included in this study. CBCT fiducial translations and Clarity TPUS translations for 120 images as part of the PACE-C prostate SABR trial were retrospectively evaluated by three imaging specialists. Differences were analysed using correlation and Bland-Altman plots. Inter-observer matches agreed within 3mm 88.3 % of the time in left/right direction, 86.7 % of the time in in superior/inferior direction, and 91.7% of the time in ant/post direction. They agreed within 5mm more than 98.3 % of the time in all directions. The intra-class correlation co-efficient was calculated for each direction to show agreement between imaging specialist for inter-observer variability. Each was 0.95 or above, with 1 indicating perfect reliability. Agreement between observers was slightly higher for CBCT and fiducials at 98.7% agreement within 5 mm, compared to clarity TPUS where 96.7% agreement was seen within 5mm. Clarity TPUS has the benefit of no additional dose and intra-fractional monitoring, and results show a good correlation between the different modalities. Inter-observer variability is to be considered, and further research with a larger population would be of benefit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oncology" title="oncology">oncology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prostate%20radiotherapy" title=" prostate radiotherapy"> prostate radiotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20guided%20radiotherapy" title=" image guided radiotherapy"> image guided radiotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IGRT" title=" IGRT"> IGRT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159053/investigating-clarity-ultrasound-transperineal-ultrasound-imaging-as-a-method-of-localising-the-prostate-compared-to-cone-beam-computed-tomography-with-fiducials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159053.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Real-Time Sensor Fusion for Mobile Robot Localization in an Oil and Gas Refinery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adewole%20A.%20Ayoade">Adewole A. Ayoade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marshall%20R.%20Sweatt"> Marshall R. Sweatt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20P.%20H.%20Steele"> John P. H. Steele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qi%20Han"> Qi Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Al-Wahedi"> Khaled Al-Wahedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamad%20Karki"> Hamad Karki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=William%20A.%20Yearsley"> William A. Yearsley</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding the behavioral characteristics of sensors is a crucial step in fusing data from several sensors of different types. This paper introduces a practical, real-time approach to integrate heterogeneous sensor data to achieve higher accuracy than would be possible from any one individual sensor in localizing a mobile robot. We use this approach in both indoor and outdoor environments and it is especially appropriate for those environments like oil and gas refineries due to their sparse and featureless nature. We have studied the individual contribution of each sensor data to the overall combined accuracy achieved from the fusion process. A Sequential Update Extended Kalman Filter(EKF) using validation gates was used to integrate GPS data, Compass data, WiFi data, Inertial Measurement Unit(IMU) data, Vehicle Velocity, and pose estimates from Fiducial marker system. Results show that the approach can enable a mobile robot to navigate autonomously in any environment using a priori information. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inspection%20mobile%20robot" title="inspection mobile robot">inspection mobile robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=navigation" title=" navigation"> navigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20fusion" title=" sensor fusion"> sensor fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sequential%20update%20extended%20Kalman%20filter" title=" sequential update extended Kalman filter"> sequential update extended Kalman filter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42808/real-time-sensor-fusion-for-mobile-robot-localization-in-an-oil-and-gas-refinery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42808.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">472</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Emotion Recognition with Occlusions Based on Facial Expression Reconstruction and Weber Local Descriptor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jadisha%20Cornejo">Jadisha Cornejo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helio%20Pedrini"> Helio Pedrini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recognition of emotions based on facial expressions has received increasing attention from the scientific community over the last years. Several fields of applications can benefit from facial emotion recognition, such as behavior prediction, interpersonal relations, human-computer interactions, recommendation systems. In this work, we develop and analyze an emotion recognition framework based on facial expressions robust to occlusions through the Weber Local Descriptor (WLD). Initially, the occluded facial expressions are reconstructed following an extension approach of Robust Principal Component Analysis (RPCA). Then, WLD features are extracted from the facial expression representation, as well as Local Binary Patterns (LBP) and Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG). The feature vector space is reduced using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). Finally, K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers are used to recognize the expressions. Experimental results on three public datasets demonstrated that the WLD representation achieved competitive accuracy rates for occluded and non-occluded facial expressions compared to other approaches available in the literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotion%20recognition" title="emotion recognition">emotion recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facial%20expression" title=" facial expression"> facial expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occlusion" title=" occlusion"> occlusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiducial%20landmarks" title=" fiducial landmarks"> fiducial landmarks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90510/emotion-recognition-with-occlusions-based-on-facial-expression-reconstruction-and-weber-local-descriptor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90510.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Automated Feature Detection and Matching Algorithms for Breast IR Sequence Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-Yen%20Lee">Chia-Yen Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hao-Jen%20Wang"> Hao-Jen Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jhih-Hao%20Lai"> Jhih-Hao Lai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, infrared (IR) imaging has been considered as a potential tool to assess the efficacy of chemotherapy and early detection of breast cancer. Regions of tumor growth with high metabolic rate and angiogenesis phenomenon lead to the high temperatures. Observation of differences between the heat maps in long term is useful to help assess the growth of breast cancer cells and detect breast cancer earlier, wherein the multi-time infrared image alignment technology is a necessary step. Representative feature points detection and matching are essential steps toward the good performance of image registration and quantitative analysis. However, there is no clear boundary on the infrared images and the subject's posture are different for each shot. It cannot adhesive markers on a body surface for a very long period, and it is hard to find anatomic fiducial markers on a body surface. In other words, it’s difficult to detect and match features in an IR sequence images. In this study, automated feature detection and matching algorithms with two type of automatic feature points (i.e., vascular branch points and modified Harris corner) are developed respectively. The preliminary results show that the proposed method could identify the representative feature points on the IR breast images successfully of 98% accuracy and the matching results of 93% accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harris%20corner" title="Harris corner">Harris corner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infrared%20image" title=" infrared image"> infrared image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature%20detection" title=" feature detection"> feature detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=registration" title=" registration"> registration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matching" title=" matching"> matching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16915/automated-feature-detection-and-matching-algorithms-for-breast-ir-sequence-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16915.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Enhancing Precision in Abdominal External Beam Radiation Therapy: Exhale Breath Hold Technique for Respiratory Motion Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephanie%20P.%20Nigro">Stephanie P. Nigro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Exhale Breath Hold (EBH) technique presents a promising approach to enhance the precision and efficacy of External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) for abdominal tumours, which include liver, pancreas, kidney, and adrenal glands. These tumours are challenging to treat due to their proximity to organs at risk (OARs) and the significant motion induced by respiration and physiological variations, such as stomach filling. Respiratory motion can cause up to 40mm of displacement in abdominal organs, complicating accurate targeting. While current practices like limiting fasting help reduce motion related to digestive processes, they do not address respiratory motion. 4DCT scans are used to assess this motion, but they require extensive workflow time and expose patients to higher doses of radiation. The EBH technique, which involves holding the breath in an exhale with no air in the lungs, stabilizes internal organ motion, thereby reducing respiratory-induced motion. The primary benefit of EBH is the reduction in treatment volume sizes, specifically the Internal Target Volume (ITV) and Planning Target Volume (PTV), as demonstrated by smaller ITVs when gated in EBH. This reduction also improves the quality of 3D Cone Beam CT (CBCT) images by minimizing respiratory artifacts, facilitating soft tissue matching akin to stereotactic treatments. Patients suitable for EBH must meet criteria including the ability to hold their breath for at least 15 seconds and maintain a consistent breathing pattern. For those who do not qualify, the traditional 4DCT protocol will be used. The implementation involves an EBH planning scan and additional short EBH scans to ensure reproducibility and assist in contouring and volume expansions, with a Free Breathing (FB) scan used for setup purposes. Treatment planning on EBH scans leads to smaller PTVs, though intrafractional and interfractional breath hold variations must be accounted for in margins. The treatment decision process includes performing CBCT in EBH intervals, with careful matching and adjustment based on soft tissue and fiducial markers. Initial studies at two sites will evaluate the necessity of multiple CBCTs, assessing shifts and the benefits of initial versus mid-treatment CBCT. Considerations for successful implementation include thorough patient coaching, staff training, and verification of breath holds, despite potential disadvantages such as longer treatment times and patient exhaustion. Overall, the EBH technique offers significant improvements in the accuracy and quality of abdominal EBRT, paving the way for more effective and safer treatments for patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abdominal%20cancers" title="abdominal cancers">abdominal cancers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exhale%20breath%20hold" title=" exhale breath hold"> exhale breath hold</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20therapy" title=" radiation therapy"> radiation therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=respiratory%20motion" title=" respiratory motion"> respiratory motion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188332/enhancing-precision-in-abdominal-external-beam-radiation-therapy-exhale-breath-hold-technique-for-respiratory-motion-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188332.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">27</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>