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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width: 22em; line-height: 1.4em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic">Development of a Bottle in Space</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%27Development_of_a_Bottle_in_Space%27,_bronze_sculpture_by_Umberto_Boccioni,_1913,_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Development of a Bottle in Space, 1913,"><img alt="Development of a Bottle in Space, 1913," src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/%27Development_of_a_Bottle_in_Space%27%2C_bronze_sculpture_by_Umberto_Boccioni%2C_1913%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg/300px-%27Development_of_a_Bottle_in_Space%27%2C_bronze_sculpture_by_Umberto_Boccioni%2C_1913%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/%27Development_of_a_Bottle_in_Space%27%2C_bronze_sculpture_by_Umberto_Boccioni%2C_1913%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="350" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Artist</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><a href="/wiki/Umberto_Boccioni" title="Umberto Boccioni">Umberto Boccioni</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Year</th><td class="infobox-data">1913</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">Bronze</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Dimensions</th><td class="infobox-data">39.5 cm × 39.5 cm × 60.3 cm (15.6 in × 15.6 in × 23.7 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a> <a href="/wiki/Museo_del_Novecento" title="Museo del Novecento">Museo del Novecento</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Development of a Bottle in Space</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i>Sviluppo di una bottiglia nello spazio</i>) is a bronze <a href="/wiki/Futurist" title="Futurist">futurist</a> sculpture by <a href="/wiki/Umberto_Boccioni" title="Umberto Boccioni">Umberto Boccioni</a>. Initially a sketch in Boccioni’s "Technical Manifesto of Futurist Sculpture",<sup id="cite_ref-sourceone_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sourceone-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>" the design was later cast into bronze by Boccioni himself in the year 1913. Consistent with many of themes in Boccioni’s manifesto, the work of art highlights the artist’s first successful attempt at creating a sculpture that both molds and encloses space within itself.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_and_Inspiration">History and Inspiration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Development_of_a_Bottle_in_Space&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History and Inspiration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Much of Boccioni’s inspiration in creating the work can be accredited to the publication of <a href="/wiki/Filippo_Tommaso_Marinetti" title="Filippo Tommaso Marinetti">Filippo Tommaso Marinetti</a>’s "<a href="/wiki/Futurist_Manifesto" class="mw-redirect" title="Futurist Manifesto">Futurist Manifesto</a>". Marinetti, often credited as the founder of <a href="/wiki/Futurism" title="Futurism">futurism</a> as an artistic and literary movement, produced the manifesto in 1909, which would later serve as the foundation for Boccioni’s very own "Technical Manifesto of Futurist Sculpture".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marinetti in his manifesto expresses a passionate loathing of everything old, especially <a href="/wiki/Classics" title="Classics">classical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism" title="Neoclassicism">neo-classical</a> artistic traditions. To break with traditional notions, futurists admired and emphasized elements of modern society: speed, technology, youth and violence, the car, the airplane, the industrial city, all that represented the technological triumph of humanity over nature.<sup id="cite_ref-TechManifesto_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TechManifesto-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Boccioni, in his manifesto pertaining to sculptural works, emphasized many of the same ideals as Marinetti, but unlike Marinetti applied the ideals discussed in his manifesto in the works he produced. </p><p>The subject matter of Boccioni’s work, a deconstructed <a href="/wiki/Glass_bottle" title="Glass bottle">glass bottle</a>, fits into the framework of futurism, a movement largely obsessed with recent technological innovations. Technology to mass-produce glass bottles was first implemented in the latter portion of the 19th century and began rapidly expanding around the time Boccioni began to formulate his work in 1912.<sup id="cite_ref-homan_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homan-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Boccioni first provided a sketch of <i>Development of a Bottle in Space</i> in his manifesto, as an example of a work that deconstructs the three-dimensional space in and around itself.<sup id="cite_ref-TechSculp_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TechSculp-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A year later Boccioni would take his initial sketch and use it as the basis to produce the work’s recognizable form as a bronze <a href="/wiki/Sculpture" title="Sculpture">sculpture</a>. Once exhibited at the <a href="/wiki/Panama%E2%80%93Pacific_International_Exposition" title="Panama–Pacific International Exposition">Panama–Pacific International Exposition</a> in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> (1915), <i>Development of a Bottle in Space</i>, has since become part of the collection at the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>. An original bronze cast (1935) is displayed at the <a href="/wiki/Museo_del_Novecento" title="Museo del Novecento">Museo del Novecento</a> in <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Composition">Composition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Development_of_a_Bottle_in_Space&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paolo_Monti_-_Servizio_fotografico_(Milano,_1969)_-_BEIC_6355911.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Paolo_Monti_-_Servizio_fotografico_%28Milano%2C_1969%29_-_BEIC_6355911.jpg/220px-Paolo_Monti_-_Servizio_fotografico_%28Milano%2C_1969%29_-_BEIC_6355911.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Paolo_Monti_-_Servizio_fotografico_%28Milano%2C_1969%29_-_BEIC_6355911.jpg/330px-Paolo_Monti_-_Servizio_fotografico_%28Milano%2C_1969%29_-_BEIC_6355911.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Paolo_Monti_-_Servizio_fotografico_%28Milano%2C_1969%29_-_BEIC_6355911.jpg/440px-Paolo_Monti_-_Servizio_fotografico_%28Milano%2C_1969%29_-_BEIC_6355911.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1023" /></a><figcaption>Photo by <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Monti" title="Paolo Monti">Paolo Monti</a>, 1969</figcaption></figure> <p>The sculpture was originally cast as a silvery <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a> bottle, but was then intentionally stripped open and sculpted, a process that involved breaking the bottle into winding sections and combining absolute and relative motion to give it a rotary appearance.<sup id="cite_ref-sourceone_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sourceone-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The finished sculpture is 15 ½ inches tall and sits on a quadrilateral base of length 23 ¾ inches and width 15 ½ inches (39.4 x 60.3 x 39.4 cm).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bottle is shown sitting on a much larger base, on what is believed to be the machinery used in the production of glass bottles. The smaller, hollowed out cylindrical mass next to the bottle takes the appearance of an empty container, one that would appear on the conveyor belt of such a machine. The bottle itself, however, is shown as a three quarter <a href="/wiki/Multiview_orthographic_projection#Cross-section" title="Multiview orthographic projection">cross section</a>, showing the object previous to completion, as it is still being molded.<sup id="cite_ref-homan_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homan-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Boccioni's_Interpretation"><span id="Boccioni.27s_Interpretation"></span>Boccioni's Interpretation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Development_of_a_Bottle_in_Space&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Boccioni's Interpretation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Boccioni proclaimed his intention to “open the figure like a window and include it in the <a href="/wiki/Social_environment" title="Social environment">milieu</a> in which it lives.<sup id="cite_ref-sourceone_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sourceone-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>” He also stated in his manifesto his desire to “proclaim the absolute and complete abolition of finite lines and the contained statue.<sup id="cite_ref-TechSculp_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TechSculp-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>” The chaotic and twisting nature of the work may be meant to embody <a href="/wiki/Dynamism_(metaphysics)" title="Dynamism (metaphysics)">dynamism</a> and is reminiscent of Boccioni’s painting <i>Dynamism of a Football Player</i> (<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i>Dinanismo di un foot baller</i>) produced in the same year. Dynamism, an emergent theme in futurist art, is best explained by Boccioni in the "Technical Manifesto of Futurist Painting" (1910), written with the aid of other leading futurists: </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd>“All things move, all things run. A profile is never motionless before our eyes, but it constantly appears and disappears. On account of the persistency of an image on the <a href="/wiki/Retina" title="Retina">retina</a>, moving objects constantly multiply themselves; their form changes, like rapid vibrations, in their mad career. Thus a running horse has not four legs, but twenty, and their movements are triangular.” --Umberto Boccioni, "Technical Manifesto of Futurist Painting" (1910)<sup id="cite_ref-TechManifesto_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TechManifesto-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WLA_moma_Umberto_Boccioni_Dynamism_of_a_Soccer_Player_1913.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/WLA_moma_Umberto_Boccioni_Dynamism_of_a_Soccer_Player_1913.jpg/220px-WLA_moma_Umberto_Boccioni_Dynamism_of_a_Soccer_Player_1913.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/WLA_moma_Umberto_Boccioni_Dynamism_of_a_Soccer_Player_1913.jpg/330px-WLA_moma_Umberto_Boccioni_Dynamism_of_a_Soccer_Player_1913.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/WLA_moma_Umberto_Boccioni_Dynamism_of_a_Soccer_Player_1913.jpg/440px-WLA_moma_Umberto_Boccioni_Dynamism_of_a_Soccer_Player_1913.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2943" /></a><figcaption><i>Dynamism of a Soccer Player</i> (1913)</figcaption></figure> <p>It also been suggested that the base the bottle rests on is not any part of a machine, but rather the bottle is seen blending into its natural setting, perhaps it is resting on a table(?).<sup id="cite_ref-homan_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homan-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The practice of isolating an individual object was seen as ridiculous and <a href="/wiki/Non-representational_theory" title="Non-representational theory">non-representational</a> according to futurists. <a href="/wiki/Umberto_Boccioni" title="Umberto Boccioni">Umberto Boccioni</a> explained his vision for the piece in the preface of the catalogue for the First Exhibit of Futurist Sculpture in Paris (1913) by stressing the need for “the fusion of the environment with the object” in order to “make the figure live in its environment without making it a slave to a supporting base.<sup id="cite_ref-sourceone_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sourceone-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>” Boccioni argued that things do not simply exist in isolation, but obtain their most fundamental properties from their surroundings: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Umberto_Boccioni_-_Self-portrait,_oil_on_canvas,_1905,_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Umberto_Boccioni_-_Self-portrait%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_1905%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg/220px-Umberto_Boccioni_-_Self-portrait%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_1905%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Umberto_Boccioni_-_Self-portrait%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_1905%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg/330px-Umberto_Boccioni_-_Self-portrait%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_1905%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Umberto_Boccioni_-_Self-portrait%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_1905%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg/440px-Umberto_Boccioni_-_Self-portrait%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_1905%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2064" data-file-height="1562" /></a><figcaption>Self portrait of Umberto Boccioni (1905)</figcaption></figure> <dl><dd><dl><dd>“Our bodies penetrate the sofas upon which we sit, and the sofas penetrate our bodies. The motor bus rushes into the houses which it passes, and in their turn the houses throw themselves upon the motor bus and are blended with it.” -- Umberto Boccioni, "Technical Manifesto of Futurist Painting" (1910)<sup id="cite_ref-TechManifesto_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TechManifesto-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_Interpretations">Other Interpretations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Development_of_a_Bottle_in_Space&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Other Interpretations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Various other interpretations have been made over the years by art historians regarding Boccioni’s intentions in creating the work. <a href="/wiki/Donald_Kuspit" title="Donald Kuspit">Donald Kuspit</a>, Professor of Art and Philosophy, Ph.D, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a>, theorizes that the sculpture’s rhythmic movement suggests a more sexual connotation that is “inherent rather than imposed.” He compares this sculpture to <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Duchamp" title="Marcel Duchamp">Duchamp’s</a> “<a href="/wiki/Nude_Descending_a_Staircase,_No._2" title="Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2">Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2</a>” (1912) which symbolizes masturbation.<sup id="cite_ref-sourceone_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sourceone-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Perloff" title="Marjorie Perloff">Marjorie Perloff</a>, author of “The Futurist Movement” (1986) states in her book that the sculpture does not represent one single bottle, but rather a series of bottle shaped shells, hollowed out and fit into each other. She refers to the sculpture’s base as a “<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/concave" class="extiw" title="wikt:concave">concave</a> shape with a simple unbroken profile,” a description that supports Boccioni’s theory of a center within the object itself.<sup id="cite_ref-sourceone_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sourceone-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conflicting with Boccioni’s concept of dynamism, <a href="/wiki/Rosalind_E._Krauss" title="Rosalind E. Krauss">Rosalind Krauss</a>, author of <i>Passages in Modern Sculpture</i> (1981), describes the sculpture as a “symbol of invariance.” Krauss comments that “The sculpture dramatizes a conflict between the poverty of information contained in the single view of the object and the totality of the vision that is basic to any serious claim to know it.<sup id="cite_ref-sourceone_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sourceone-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>” </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Development_of_a_Bottle_in_Space&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-sourceone-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sourceone_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sourceone_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sourceone_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sourceone_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sourceone_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sourceone_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sourceone_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aaronartprints.org/boccioni-developmentofabottleinspace.php">"Development of a Bottle in Space by Boccioni"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Development+of+a+Bottle+in+Space+by+Boccioni&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aaronartprints.org%2Fboccioni-developmentofabottleinspace.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADevelopment+of+a+Bottle+in+Space" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">*<a href="/wiki/Lourdes_Cirlot" title="Lourdes Cirlot">Lourdes Cirlot</a>, <i>The Key to Modern Art of the Early 20th Century</i>,Lerner Publications Company, 1990, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8225-2052-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8225-2052-4">0-8225-2052-4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">*<a href="/wiki/Herbert_Read" title="Herbert Read">Herbert Read</a>, <i>Modern Sculpture: A Concise History</i>, Thames & Hudson World of Art, Reprinted 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-500-20014-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-500-20014-9">0-500-20014-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TechManifesto-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TechManifesto_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TechManifesto_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TechManifesto_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unknown.nu/futurism/techpaint.html">"Technical Manifesto of Futurist Painting"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Technical+Manifesto+of+Futurist+Painting&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unknown.nu%2Ffuturism%2Ftechpaint.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADevelopment+of+a+Bottle+in+Space" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-homan-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-homan_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-homan_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-homan_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130727025631/http://homanart.wordpress.com/2011/04/27/umberto-boccioni/">"Umberto Boccioni: "Development of a Bottle in Space" | Homan Art"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://homanart.wordpress.com/2011/04/27/umberto-boccioni/">the original</a> on 2013-07-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Umberto+Boccioni%3A+%22Development+of+a+Bottle+in+Space%22+%26%23124%3B+Homan+Art&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhomanart.wordpress.com%2F2011%2F04%2F27%2Fumberto-boccioni%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADevelopment+of+a+Bottle+in+Space" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TechSculp-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TechSculp_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TechSculp_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unknown.nu/futurism/techsculpt.html">"Technical Manifesto of Futurist Sculpture"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Technical+Manifesto+of+Futurist+Sculpture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unknown.nu%2Ffuturism%2Ftechsculpt.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADevelopment+of+a+Bottle+in+Space" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/210005742">"Development of a Bottle in Space"</a>. <i>The Metropolitan Museum of Art</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+Bottle+in+Space&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Fart%2Fcollection%2Fsearch%2F210005742&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADevelopment+of+a+Bottle+in+Space" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Umberto_Boccioni" title="Template:Umberto Boccioni"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Umberto_Boccioni" title="Template talk:Umberto Boccioni"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Umberto_Boccioni" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Umberto Boccioni"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Umberto_Boccioni" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Umberto_Boccioni" title="Umberto Boccioni">Umberto Boccioni</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paintings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Women_(Boccioni)" title="Three Women (Boccioni)">Three Women</a></i> (1909–10)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_City_Rises" title="The City Rises">The City Rises</a></i> (1910)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Riot_in_the_Gallery" title="Riot in the Gallery">Riot in the Gallery</a></i> (1910)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/States_of_Mind_I:The_Farewells" title="States of Mind I:The Farewells">States of Mind I:The Farewells</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Street_Enters_the_House" title="The Street Enters the House">The Street Enters the House</a></i> (1912)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dynamism_of_a_Cyclist" title="Dynamism of a Cyclist">Dynamism of a Cyclist</a></i> (1913)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dynamism_of_a_Soccer_Player_(Boccioni)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dynamism of a Soccer Player (Boccioni)">Dynamism of a Soccer Player</a></i> (1913)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Drawings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dynamism_of_a_Human_Body:_Boxer" title="Dynamism of a Human Body: Boxer">Dynamism of a Human Body: Boxer</a></i> (1913)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sculptures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Antigrazioso" title="Antigrazioso">Antigrazioso</a></i> (1912–13)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Development of a Bottle in Space</a></i> (1913)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Unique_Forms_of_Continuity_in_Space" title="Unique Forms of Continuity in Space">Unique Forms of Continuity in Space</a></i> (1913)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dynamism_of_a_Speeding_Horse_%2B_Houses" title="Dynamism of a Speeding Horse + Houses">Dynamism of a Speeding Horse + Houses</a></i> (1914–15)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Futurist_Painting:_Technical_Manifesto" title="Futurist Painting: Technical Manifesto">Futurist Painting: Technical Manifesto</a></i> (1910)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Futurism" title="Futurism">Futurism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Futurism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Futurism" title="Template:Futurism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Futurism" title="Template talk:Futurism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Futurism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Futurism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Futurism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Futurism" title="Futurism">Futurism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italian Futurists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Balla" title="Giacomo Balla">Giacomo Balla</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_works_by_Giacomo_Balla" title="List of works by Giacomo Balla">list of works</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_(painter)" title="Barbara (painter)">"Barbara"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umberto_Boccioni" title="Umberto Boccioni">Umberto Boccioni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Bragaglia" class="mw-redirect" title="Anton Bragaglia">Anton Bragaglia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedetta_Cappa" title="Benedetta Cappa">Benedetta Cappa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Carr%C3%A0" title="Carlo Carrà">Carlo Carrà</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Casavola" title="Franco Casavola">Franco Casavola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Diulgheroff" title="Nikolay Diulgheroff">Nikolay Diulgheroff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_De_Giudici" title="Luigi De Giudici">Luigi De Giudici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filippo_Tommaso_Marinetti" title="Filippo Tommaso Marinetti">F. T. Marinetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marisa_Mori" title="Marisa Mori">Marisa Mori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Munari" title="Bruno Munari">Bruno Munari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldo_Palazzeschi" title="Aldo Palazzeschi">Aldo Palazzeschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_Piatti" title="Ugo Piatti">Ugo Piatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Balilla_Pratella" title="Francesco Balilla Pratella">Francesco Balilla Pratella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Russolo" title="Antonio Russolo">Antonio Russolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Russolo" title="Luigi Russolo">Luigi Russolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Sant%27Elia" title="Antonio Sant'Elia">Antonio Sant'Elia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gino_Severini" title="Gino Severini">Gino Severini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardengo_Soffici" title="Ardengo Soffici">Ardengo Soffici</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ego-Futurism" title="Ego-Futurism">Ego-Futurists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Graal_Arelsky" title="Graal Arelsky">Graal Arelsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasilisk_Gnedov" title="Vasilisk Gnedov">Vasilisk Gnedov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Gusman" title="Boris Gusman">Boris Gusman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgy_Ivanov" title="Georgy Ivanov">Georgy Ivanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Severyanin" title="Igor Severyanin">Igor Severyanin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitri_Kryuchkov" title="Dmitri Kryuchkov">Dmitri Kryuchkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Olimpov" title="Konstantin Olimpov">Konstantin Olimpov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rurik_Ivnev" class="mw-redirect" title="Rurik Ivnev">Rurik Ivnev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Shirokov" title="Pavel Shirokov">Pavel Shirokov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Futurism" title="Russian Futurism">Russian Futurists</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Cubo-Futurism" title="Cubo-Futurism">Cubo-Futurists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Archipenko" title="Alexander Archipenko">Alexander Archipenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Aseev" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikolai Aseev">Nikolai Aseev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Baranoff-Rossine" class="mw-redirect" title="Vladimir Baranoff-Rossine">Vladimir Baranoff-Rossine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilya_Brik" title="Lilya Brik">Lilya Brik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osip_Brik" title="Osip Brik">Osip Brik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bogomazov" title="Alexander Bogomazov">Alexander Bogomazov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kseniya_Boguslavskaya" title="Kseniya Boguslavskaya">Kseniya Boguslavskaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Burliuk" title="David Burliuk">David Burliuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Burliuk" title="Vladimir Burliuk">Vladimir Burliuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Chaikov" title="Joseph Chaikov">Joseph Chaikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandra_Ekster" title="Aleksandra Ekster">Aleksandra Ekster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Genke-Meller" title="Nina Genke-Meller">Nina Genke-Meller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalia_Goncharova" title="Natalia Goncharova">Natalia Goncharova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elena_Guro" title="Elena Guro">Elena Guro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Kamensky" title="Vasily Kamensky">Vasily Kamensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velimir_Khlebnikov" title="Velimir Khlebnikov">Velimir Khlebnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Kliun" title="Ivan Kliun">Ivan Kliun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksei_Kruchyonykh" title="Aleksei Kruchyonykh">Aleksei Kruchyonykh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Kulbin" title="Nikolai Kulbin">Nikolai Kulbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Larionov" title="Mikhail Larionov">Mikhail Larionov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristarkh_Lentulov" title="Aristarkh Lentulov">Aristarkh Lentulov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Lissitzky" title="El Lissitzky">El Lissitzky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedikt_Livshits" title="Benedikt Livshits">Benedikt Livshits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazimir_Malevich" title="Kazimir Malevich">Kazimir Malevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Matyushin" title="Mikhail Matyushin">Mikhail Matyushin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Mayakovsky" title="Vladimir Mayakovsky">Vladimir Mayakovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak">Boris Pasternak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Palmov" title="Victor Palmov">Victor Palmov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyubov_Popova" title="Lyubov Popova">Lyubov Popova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Puni" title="Ivan Puni">Ivan Puni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olga_Rozanova" title="Olga Rozanova">Olga Rozanova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadim_Shershenevich" title="Vadim Shershenevich">Vadim Shershenevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadezhda_Udaltsova" title="Nadezhda Udaltsova">Nadezhda Udaltsova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilia_Zdanevich" title="Ilia Zdanevich">Ilia Zdanevich</a> (Iliazd)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aeropittura" title="Aeropittura">Aeropittura</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Balla" title="Giacomo Balla">Giacomo Balla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_(painter)" title="Barbara (painter)">"Barbara"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedetta_Cappa" title="Benedetta Cappa">Benedetta Cappa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Caselli" title="Giuseppe Caselli">Giuseppe Caselli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tullio_Crali" title="Tullio Crali">Tullio Crali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortunato_Depero" title="Fortunato Depero">Fortunato Depero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerardo_Dottori" title="Gerardo Dottori">Gerardo Dottori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fill%C3%ACa" title="Fillìa">Fillìa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sante_Monachesi" title="Sante Monachesi">Sante Monachesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marisa_Mori" title="Marisa Mori">Marisa Mori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Prampolini" title="Enrico Prampolini">Enrico Prampolini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other Futurists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Bailly" title="Alice Bailly">Alice Bailly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mina_Loy" title="Mina Loy">Mina Loy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Almada_Negreiros" class="mw-redirect" title="José de Almada Negreiros">José de Almada Negreiros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_R._W._Nevinson" class="mw-redirect" title="Christopher R. W. Nevinson">C. R. W. Nevinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Pettoruti" title="Emilio Pettoruti">Emilio Pettoruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentine_de_Saint-Point" title="Valentine de Saint-Point">Valentine de Saint-Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Schmalzigaug" title="Jules Schmalzigaug">Jules Schmalzigaug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykhaylo_Semenko" class="mw-redirect" title="Mykhaylo Semenko">Mykhaylo Semenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amadeo_de_Souza_Cardoso" title="Amadeo de Souza Cardoso">Amadeo de Souza Cardoso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Simpson_Stevens" title="Frances Simpson Stevens">Frances Simpson Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Swanzy" title="Mary Swanzy">Mary Swanzy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C5%AF%C5%BEena_Z%C3%A1tkov%C3%A1" title="Růžena Zátková">Růžena Zátková</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Techniques, sub-genres<br />and inventions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Balla" title="Giacomo Balla">Anti-neutral suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intonarumori" title="Intonarumori">Intonarumori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_futurism_in_cinema" title="Italian futurism in cinema">Italian futurism in cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futurist_architecture" title="Futurist architecture">Futurist architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futurist_cooking" title="Futurist cooking">Futurist cooking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futurism_(literature)" title="Futurism (literature)">Futurist literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futurism_(music)" title="Futurism (music)">Futurist music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noise_music" title="Noise music">Noise music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaum" title="Zaum">Zaum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Selected output</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Abstract_Speed_%2B_Sound" title="Abstract Speed + Sound">Abstract Speed + Sound</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Antigrazioso" title="Antigrazioso">Antigrazioso</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Art_of_Noises" title="The Art of Noises">The Art of Noises</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/B%C3%8FF%C2%A7ZF%2B18" title="BÏF§ZF+18">BÏF§ZF+18</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_City_Rises" title="The City Rises">The City Rises</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cyclist_(painting)" title="Cyclist (painting)">Cyclist</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Development of a Bottle in Space</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Drama_in_the_Futurists%27_Cabaret_No._13" title="Drama in the Futurists' Cabaret No. 13">Drama in the Futurists' Cabaret No. 13</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dyr_bul_shchyl" title="Dyr bul shchyl">Dyr bul shchyl</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dynamism_of_a_Car_(Russolo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dynamism of a Car (Russolo)">Dynamism of a Car</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dynamism_of_a_Cyclist" title="Dynamism of a Cyclist">Dynamism of a Cyclist</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dynamism_of_a_Dog_on_a_Leash" title="Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash">Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dynamism_of_a_Human_Body:_Boxer" title="Dynamism of a Human Body: Boxer">Dynamism of a Human Body: Boxer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dynamism_of_a_Soccer_Player_(Boccioni)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dynamism of a Soccer Player (Boccioni)">Dynamism of a Soccer Player</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dynamism_of_a_Speeding_Horse_%2B_Houses" title="Dynamism of a Speeding Horse + Houses">Dynamism of a Speeding Horse + Houses</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Futurist_Painting:_Technical_Manifesto" title="Futurist Painting: Technical Manifesto">Futurist Painting: Technical Manifesto</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Knifegrinder" title="The Knifegrinder">The Knifegrinder</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Girl_Running_on_a_Balcony" title="Girl Running on a Balcony">Girl Running on a Balcony</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hand_of_the_Violinist" title="The Hand of the Violinist">The Hand of the Violinist</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lacerba" title="Lacerba">Lacerba</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manifesto_of_Futurism" title="Manifesto of Futurism">Manifesto of Futurism</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manifesto_of_Futurist_Musicians" title="Manifesto of Futurist Musicians">Manifesto of Futurist Musicians</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mercury_Passing_Before_the_Sun" title="Mercury Passing Before the Sun">Mercury Passing Before the Sun</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Poem_of_the_End" title="The Poem of the End">The Poem of the End</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Poesia_(magazine)" title="Poesia (magazine)">Poesia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Street_Enters_the_House" title="The Street Enters the House">The Street Enters the House</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Street_Light" class="mw-redirect" title="The Street Light">The Street Light</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tha%C3%AFs_(1917_Italian_film)" title="Thaïs (1917 Italian film)">Thaïs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tango_with_Cows" title="Tango with Cows">Tango with Cows</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Unique_Forms_of_Continuity_in_Space" title="Unique Forms of Continuity in Space">Unique Forms of Continuity in Space</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Universal_War" title="Universal War">Universal War</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Victory_over_the_Sun" title="Victory over the Sun">Victory over the Sun</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Mayakovsky_(tragedy)" title="Vladimir Mayakovsky (tragedy)">Vladimir Mayakovsky</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zangezi" title="Zangezi">Zangezi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zang_Tumb_Tumb" title="Zang Tumb Tumb">Zang Tumb Tumb</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luisa_Casati" title="Luisa Casati">Luisa, Marchesa Casati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_D%27Annunzio" title="Gabriele D'Annunzio">Gabriele D'Annunzio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Diaghilev" title="Sergei Diaghilev">Sergei Diaghilev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyndham_Lewis" title="Wyndham Lewis">Wyndham Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9onide_Massine" title="Léonide Massine">Léonide Massine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups influenced</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agitprop" title="Agitprop">Agitprop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agit-train" title="Agit-train">Agit-train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constructivism_(art)" title="Constructivism (art)">Constructivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadaism" class="mw-redirect" title="Dadaism">Dadaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donkey%27s_Tail" title="Donkey's Tail">Donkey's Tail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grosvenor_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Grosvenor School">Grosvenor School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_of_Diamonds_(artists)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack of Diamonds (artists)">Jack of Diamonds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Primitivism" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Primitivism">Neo-Primitivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oberiu" title="Oberiu">Oberiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panfuturism" title="Panfuturism">Panfuturism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precisionism" title="Precisionism">Precisionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayonism" title="Rayonism">Rayonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_Molodyozhi" title="Soyuz Molodyozhi">Soyuz Molodyozhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suprematism" title="Suprematism">Suprematism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supremus" title="Supremus">Supremus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vorticism" title="Vorticism">Vorticism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/0,10_Exhibition" title="0,10 Exhibition">0,10 Exhibition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5x5%3D25" class="mw-redirect" title="5x5=25">5x5=25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubism" title="Cubism">Cubism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divisionism" title="Divisionism">Divisionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estorick_Collection_of_Modern_Italian_Art" title="Estorick Collection of Modern Italian Art">Estorick Collection of Modern Italian Art</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Chahut" title="Le Chahut">Le Chahut</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pointillism" title="Pointillism">Pointillism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primitivism" title="Primitivism">Primitivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Ren%C3%A9_Meyer-S%C3%A9e" title="Robert René Meyer-Sée">Robert René Meyer-Sée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_avant-garde" title="Russian avant-garde">Russian avant-garde</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Russian_Ballet_(book)" title="Russian Ballet (book)">Russian Ballet</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sackville_Gallery" title="Sackville Gallery">Sackville Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_avant-garde" title="Ukrainian avant-garde">Ukrainian avant-garde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verbovka_Village_Folk_Centre" title="Verbovka Village Folk Centre">Verbovka Village Folk Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zveno_(art)" title="Zveno (art)">Zveno (art)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Development_of_a_Bottle_in_Space&oldid=1188295803">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Development_of_a_Bottle_in_Space&oldid=1188295803</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Futurist_sculpture" title="Category:Futurist sculpture">Futurist sculpture</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1913_sculptures" title="Category:1913 sculptures">1913 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