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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Potenza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Potenza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Potenza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Motore a combustione interna</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 111 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-111" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">111 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voce in vetrina"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binnebrandenjin" title="Binnebrandenjin - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Binnebrandenjin" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbrennungsmotor" title="Verbrennungsmotor - tedesco svizzero" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Verbrennungsmotor" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="tedesco svizzero" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_de_combusti%C3%B3n_interna" title="Motor de combustión interna - aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Motor de combustión interna" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83_%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A" title="محرك احتراق داخلي - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="محرك احتراق داخلي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A1%DC%99%DC%9D%DC%A5%DC%A2%DC%90_%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%A9%DC%95%DC%90_%DC%93%DC%98%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܡܙܝܥܢܐ ܕܝܩܕܐ ܓܘܝܐ - aramaico" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܡܙܝܥܢܐ ܕܝܩܕܐ ܓܘܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="aramaico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_de_combusti%C3%B3n_interna" title="Motor de combustión interna - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Motor de combustión interna" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daxili_yanma_m%C3%BCh%C9%99rriki" title="Daxili yanma mühərriki - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Daxili yanma mühərriki" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Эске яныулы двигатель - baschiro" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Эске яныулы двигатель" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baschiro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA_%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Рухавік унутранага згарання - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рухавік унутранага згарання" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA_%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Рухавік унутранага згараньня - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рухавік унутранага згараньня" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D1%81_%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Двигател с вътрешно горене - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Двигател с вътрешно горене" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8" title="অন্তর্দহন ইঞ্জিন - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অন্তর্দহন ইঞ্জিন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keflusker_dre_enleski%C3%B1" title="Keflusker dre enleskiñ - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Keflusker dre enleskiñ" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_s_unutra%C5%A1njim_sagorijevanjem" title="Motor s unutrašnjim sagorijevanjem - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Motor s unutrašnjim sagorijevanjem" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_de_combusti%C3%B3_interna" title="Motor de combustió interna - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Motor de combustió interna" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B9%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Чура йагаран мотор - ceceno" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Чура йагаран мотор" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="ceceno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B2%D9%88%DB%8E%D9%86%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="بزوێنەری سوتانی ناوەکی - curdo centrale" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بزوێنەری سوتانی ناوەکی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo centrale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spalovac%C3%AD_motor" title="Spalovací motor - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Spalovací motor" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B8_%C3%A7%D1%83%D0%BD%C4%83%D0%BC_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D3%97" title="Шалти çунăм мотторӗ - ciuvascio" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шалти çунăм мотторӗ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peiriant_tanio_mewnol" title="Peiriant tanio mewnol - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Peiriant tanio mewnol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbr%C3%A6ndingsmotor" title="Forbrændingsmotor - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Forbrændingsmotor" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbrennungsmotor" title="Verbrennungsmotor - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Verbrennungsmotor" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B7%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AE_%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Μηχανή εσωτερικής καύσης - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μηχανή εσωτερικής καύσης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Internal combustion engine" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eksplodmotoro" title="Eksplodmotoro - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Eksplodmotoro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_de_combusti%C3%B3n_interna" title="Motor de combustión interna - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Motor de combustión interna" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sisep%C3%B5lemismootor" title="Sisepõlemismootor - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sisepõlemismootor" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barne-errekuntzako_motor" title="Barne-errekuntzako motor - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Barne-errekuntzako motor" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B2" title="موتور درون‌سوز - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="موتور درون‌سوز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polttomoottori" title="Polttomoottori - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Polttomoottori" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moteur_%C3%A0_combustion_interne" title="Moteur à combustion interne - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Moteur à combustion interne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B6lingsmaskiinen" title="Jölingsmaskiinen - frisone settentrionale" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Jölingsmaskiinen" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisone settentrionale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inneall_d%C3%B3ch%C3%A1in_inmhe%C3%A1naigh" title="Inneall dócháin inmheánaigh - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Inneall dócháin inmheánaigh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mot%C3%B2_k%C3%A9_konbistyon_entern" title="Motò ké konbistyon entern - Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Motò ké konbistyon entern" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inneal_broinne-losgaidh" title="Inneal broinne-losgaidh - gaelico scozzese" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Inneal broinne-losgaidh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelico scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_de_combusti%C3%B3n_interna" title="Motor de combustión interna - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Motor de combustión interna" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2_%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מנוע בעירה פנימית - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מנוע בעירה פנימית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8" title="अन्तर्दहन इंजन - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अन्तर्दहन इंजन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine - hindi figiano" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Internal combustion engine" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi figiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_s_unutarnjim_izgaranjem" title="Motor s unutarnjim izgaranjem - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Motor s unutarnjim izgaranjem" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mot%C3%A8_a_konbisyon_ent%C3%A8n" title="Motè a konbisyon entèn - creolo haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Motè a konbisyon entèn" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="creolo haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bels%C5%91_%C3%A9g%C3%A9s%C5%B1_motor" title="Belső égésű motor - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Belső égésű motor" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A5%D6%80%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A1%D5%B5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B7%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AA%D5%AB%D5%B9" title="Ներքին այրման շարժիչ - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ներքին այրման շարժիչ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesin_pembakaran_dalam" title="Mesin pembakaran dalam - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mesin pembakaran dalam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motoro_di_interna_kombusto" title="Motoro di interna kombusto - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Motoro di interna kombusto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprengihreyfill" title="Sprengihreyfill - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sprengihreyfill" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%85%E7%87%83%E6%A9%9F%E9%96%A2" title="内燃機関 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="内燃機関" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intoernal_komboshan_injin" title="Intoernal komboshan injin - creolo giamaicano" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Intoernal komboshan injin" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="creolo giamaicano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesin_obong_lebet" title="Mesin obong lebet - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mesin obong lebet" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83_%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%B7%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D2%9B%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%8B" title="Іштен жану қозғалтқышы - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Іштен жану қозғалтқышы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%81%E1%9F%87%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%84" title="ម៉ាស៊ីនចំហេះក្នុង - khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ម៉ាស៊ីនចំហេះក្នុង" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%A8_%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಅಂತರ್ದಹನ ಇಂಜಿನ್ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಂತರ್ದಹನ ಇಂಜಿನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%B4%EC%97%B0%EA%B8%B0%EA%B4%80" title="내연기관 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="내연기관" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D2%AF%D0%B9%D0%BC%D3%A9_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%87" title="Ичинен күймө кыймылдаткыч - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ичинен күймө кыймылдаткыч" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motrum_displosorium" title="Motrum displosorium - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Motrum displosorium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbrennungsmotor" title="Verbrennungsmotor - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Verbrennungsmotor" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbrenningsmotor" title="Verbrenningsmotor - limburghese" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Verbrenningsmotor" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_a_combustion_interna" title="Motor a combustion interna - lombardo" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Motor a combustion interna" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidaus_degimo_variklis" title="Vidaus degimo variklis - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vidaus degimo variklis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iek%C5%A1dedzes_dzin%C4%93js" title="Iekšdedzes dzinējs - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Iekšdedzes dzinējs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D1%81%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Мотор со внатрешно согорување - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мотор со внатрешно согорување" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95_%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ആന്തരിക ദഹന യന്ത്രം - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആന്തരിക ദഹന യന്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D3%A9%D0%B4%D3%A9%D0%BB%D0%B3%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80" title="Дотоод шаталтын хөдөлгүүр - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Дотоод шаталтын хөдөлгүүр" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="अंतर्गत ज्वलन इंजिन - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अंतर्गत ज्वलन इंजिन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enjin_pembakaran_dalam" title="Enjin pembakaran dalam - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Enjin pembakaran dalam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%90%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="အတွင်းလောင် အင်ဂျင် - birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အတွင်းလောင် အင်ဂျင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbrennmotoor" title="Verbrennmotoor - basso tedesco" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Verbrennmotoor" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="basso tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="आन्तरिक दहन इन्जिन - nepalese" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="आन्तरिक दहन इन्जिन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9E%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="इन्तर्नल कम्बस्चन इञ्जिन - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="इन्तर्नल कम्बस्चन इञ्जिन" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbrandingsmotor" title="Verbrandingsmotor - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Verbrandingsmotor" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stempelmotorar_med_innvendig_forbrenning" title="Stempelmotorar med innvendig forbrenning - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Stempelmotorar med innvendig forbrenning" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbrenningsmotor" title="Forbrenningsmotor - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Forbrenningsmotor" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_de_combustion" title="Motor de combustion - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Motor de combustion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%87%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%A3" title="ਅੰਦਰੂਨੀ ਦਹਿਨ ਇੰਜਣ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅੰਦਰੂਨੀ ਦਹਿਨ ਇੰਜਣ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoinschein" title="Autoinschein - tedesco della Pennsylvania" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Autoinschein" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco della Pennsylvania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silnik_o_spalaniu_wewn%C4%99trznym" title="Silnik o spalaniu wewnętrznym - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Silnik o spalaniu wewnętrznym" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%86" title="اندرونی احتراقی انجن - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اندرونی احتراقی انجن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%86" title="د داخلي احتراق انجن - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د داخلي احتراق انجن" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_de_combust%C3%A3o_interna" title="Motor de combustão interna - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Motor de combustão interna" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rawray_kuyuchina" title="Rawray kuyuchina - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Rawray kuyuchina" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_termic" title="Motor termic - romancio" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Motor termic" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="romancio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_cu_ardere_intern%C4%83" title="Motor cu ardere internă - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Motor cu ardere internă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Двигатель внутреннего сгорания - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Двигатель внутреннего сгорания" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motore_a_combustione_interna" title="Motore a combustione interna - sardo" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Motore a combustione interna" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muturi_a_scoppiu" title="Muturi a scoppiu - siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Muturi a scoppiu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_ingine" title="Internal combustion ingine - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Internal combustion ingine" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_s_unutra%C5%A1njim_sagorijevanjem" title="Motor s unutrašnjim sagorijevanjem - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Motor s unutrašnjim sagorijevanjem" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B6%91%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="අභ්‍යන්තර දහන එන්ජින් - singalese" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අභ්‍යන්තර දහන එන්ජින්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Internal combustion engine" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_s_vn%C3%BAtorn%C3%BDm_spa%C4%BEovan%C3%ADm" title="Motor s vnútorným spaľovaním - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Motor s vnútorným spaľovaním" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_z_notranjim_zgorevanjem" title="Motor z notranjim zgorevanjem - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Motor z notranjim zgorevanjem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motori_me_djegie_t%C3%AB_brendshme" title="Motori me djegie të brendshme - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Motori me djegie të brendshme" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klipni_motor" title="Klipni motor - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Klipni motor" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6rbr%C3%A4nningsmotor" title="Förbränningsmotor - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Förbränningsmotor" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Injini_ya_mwako_ndani" title="Injini ya mwako ndani - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Injini ya mwako ndani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF" title="உள் எரி பொறி - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உள் எரி பொறி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%A4_%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%A8_%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="అంతర్గత దహన యంత్రం - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అంతర్గత దహన యంత్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D2%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D3%AF%D0%B7" title="Муҳаррики дарунсӯз - tagico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Муҳаррики дарунсӯз" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tagico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99" title="เครื่องยนต์สันดาปภายใน - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เครื่องยนต์สันดาปภายใน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0%C3%A7ten_yanmal%C4%B1_motor" title="İçten yanmalı motor - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İçten yanmalı motor" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Двигун внутрішнього згоряння - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Двигун внутрішнього згоряння" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%86" title="اندرونی احتراقی انجن - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اندرونی احتراقی انجن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ichki_yonuv_dvigateli" title="Ichki yonuv dvigateli - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ichki yonuv dvigateli" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCd%C3%A4ipalandlikutim" title="Südäipalandlikutim - vepso" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Südäipalandlikutim" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%99ng_c%C6%A1_%C4%91%E1%BB%91t_trong" title="Động cơ đốt trong - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Động cơ đốt trong" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makina_nga_aada_ha_sulod_it_paglarab" title="Makina nga aada ha sulod it paglarab - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Makina nga aada ha sulod it paglarab" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%85%E7%87%83%E6%9C%BA" title="内燃机 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="内燃机" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%9A-%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%92_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A8" title="אינערלעך-פארברענונג מאטאר - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אינערלעך-פארברענונג מאטאר" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%85%E7%87%83%E6%9C%BA" title="内燃机 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="内燃机" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C5%8De-ji%C3%A2n-ki" title="Lōe-jiân-ki - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lōe-jiân-ki" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%81%88" title="偈 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="偈" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12757#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">non cita le fonti necessarie</a> o quelle presenti sono insufficienti</b>. <div class="hide-when-compact"> <div class="noprint"><hr />Puoi <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&action=edit">migliorare questa voce</a> aggiungendo citazioni da <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Fonti_attendibili" title="Wikipedia:Fonti attendibili">fonti attendibili</a> secondo le <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">linee guida sull'uso delle fonti</a>. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Osservatorio_ximeniano,_modello_del_motore_a_scoppio_barsanti-matteucci_03.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Osservatorio_ximeniano%2C_modello_del_motore_a_scoppio_barsanti-matteucci_03.JPG/220px-Osservatorio_ximeniano%2C_modello_del_motore_a_scoppio_barsanti-matteucci_03.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Osservatorio_ximeniano%2C_modello_del_motore_a_scoppio_barsanti-matteucci_03.JPG/330px-Osservatorio_ximeniano%2C_modello_del_motore_a_scoppio_barsanti-matteucci_03.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Osservatorio_ximeniano%2C_modello_del_motore_a_scoppio_barsanti-matteucci_03.JPG/440px-Osservatorio_ximeniano%2C_modello_del_motore_a_scoppio_barsanti-matteucci_03.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1333" data-file-height="1854" /></a><figcaption>Modello del motore Barsanti-Matteucci all'<a href="/wiki/Osservatorio_Ximeniano" title="Osservatorio Ximeniano">osservatorio Ximeniano</a> di Firenze</figcaption></figure> <p>Il <b>motore a combustione interna</b> (MCI) o <b>motore endotermico</b>, impropriamente detto <i><b>motore a scoppio</b></i>, è una <a href="/wiki/Macchina_motrice" title="Macchina motrice">macchina motrice</a> per convertire l'<a href="/wiki/Energia_termica" title="Energia termica">energia termica</a>, posseduta da un flusso aeriforme <a href="/wiki/Aria" title="Aria">aria</a>-<a href="/wiki/Combustibile" title="Combustibile">combustibile</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Lavoro_meccanico" class="mw-redirect" title="Lavoro meccanico">lavoro meccanico</a>, reso disponibile all'<a href="/wiki/Albero_motore" class="mw-redirect" title="Albero motore">albero motore</a>, ed usato solitamente per la <a href="/wiki/Locomozione_terrestre" title="Locomozione terrestre">locomozione</a> o per convertire il suo movimento meccanico (in genere la <a href="/wiki/Rotazione" title="Rotazione">rotazione</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Energia_elettrica" title="Energia elettrica">energia elettrica</a>, tramite un <a href="/wiki/Generatore_elettrico" title="Generatore elettrico">generatore elettrico</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wankel_engine_diagram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Wankel_engine_diagram.svg/220px-Wankel_engine_diagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Wankel_engine_diagram.svg/330px-Wankel_engine_diagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Wankel_engine_diagram.svg/440px-Wankel_engine_diagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Motore rotativo senza pistoni (o con unico pistone rotativo)</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Storia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Storia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Motore_a_scoppio_Barsanti_e_Matteucci_1854_riproduzione_Museo_scienza_e_tecnologia_Milano.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Motore_a_scoppio_Barsanti_e_Matteucci_1854_riproduzione_Museo_scienza_e_tecnologia_Milano.jpg/220px-Motore_a_scoppio_Barsanti_e_Matteucci_1854_riproduzione_Museo_scienza_e_tecnologia_Milano.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Motore_a_scoppio_Barsanti_e_Matteucci_1854_riproduzione_Museo_scienza_e_tecnologia_Milano.jpg/330px-Motore_a_scoppio_Barsanti_e_Matteucci_1854_riproduzione_Museo_scienza_e_tecnologia_Milano.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Motore_a_scoppio_Barsanti_e_Matteucci_1854_riproduzione_Museo_scienza_e_tecnologia_Milano.jpg/440px-Motore_a_scoppio_Barsanti_e_Matteucci_1854_riproduzione_Museo_scienza_e_tecnologia_Milano.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1980" data-file-height="1320" /></a><figcaption>Motore a scoppio Barsanti e Matteucci, 1854 (riproduzione ante 1962, <a href="/wiki/Museo_nazionale_della_scienza_e_della_tecnologia_Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Museo nazionale della scienza e della tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci">Museo nazionale della scienza e della tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci</a>, Milano). Fu il primo esempio di motore a combustione interna usato per azionare macchine utensili.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IC_engine.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/IC_engine.JPG/220px-IC_engine.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/IC_engine.JPG/330px-IC_engine.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/IC_engine.JPG/440px-IC_engine.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Diagramma di un motore a pistoni</figcaption></figure> <p>L'invenzione è ricondotta ai lucchesi <a href="/wiki/Eugenio_Barsanti" title="Eugenio Barsanti">Eugenio Barsanti</a> e <a href="/wiki/Felice_Matteucci" title="Felice Matteucci">Felice Matteucci</a>, nel 1853 dettagliarono il funzionamento e la costruzione in documenti e <a href="/wiki/Brevetti" class="mw-redirect" title="Brevetti">brevetti</a> depositati in diversi paesi europei quali <a href="/wiki/Gran_Bretagna" title="Gran Bretagna">Gran Bretagna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francia" title="Francia">Francia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> e <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germania</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Nei primi prototipi mancava la fase di <a href="/wiki/Compressione_(motore)" title="Compressione (motore)">compressione</a>, ovvero la fase di aspirazione terminava precocemente con la chiusura della <a href="/wiki/Valvola_di_aspirazione" class="mw-redirect" title="Valvola di aspirazione">valvola di aspirazione</a> prima che il <a href="/wiki/Pistone_(meccanica)" title="Pistone (meccanica)">pistone</a> raggiungesse metà corsa, al che scoccava la <a href="/wiki/Scintilla" title="Scintilla">scintilla</a> e la combustione spingeva il pistone per la restante corsa, approfittando poi della riduzione di <a href="/wiki/Pressione" title="Pressione">pressione</a> per farlo risalire e questo ciclo era davvero poco efficiente. </p><p>Le prime applicazioni pratiche dei motori a combustione interna furono come motori marini fuoribordo. Questo perché il principale impedimento all'applicazione pratica del motore a combustione interna in veicoli terrestri era il fatto che, a differenza del <a href="/wiki/Motore_a_vapore" title="Motore a vapore">motore a vapore</a>, non poteva partire da fermo. I motori marini non risentono di questo problema, essendo le eliche esenti da un rilevante <a href="/wiki/Momento_di_inerzia" title="Momento di inerzia">momento di inerzia</a>. Dopo anni di sperimentazioni, solo nel <a href="/wiki/1899" title="1899">1899</a> apparvero delle vere <a href="/wiki/Frizione_(meccanica)" title="Frizione (meccanica)">frizioni</a> in grado di far partire un veicolo terrestre da fermo senza doverlo spingere manualmente: ciò diede l'effettivo impulso allo sviluppo dell'<a href="/wiki/Autovettura" title="Autovettura">autovettura</a> (inventata da <a href="/wiki/Karl_Benz" title="Karl Benz">Benz</a> in Germania). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classificazione">Classificazione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Classificazione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Classificazione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wankel-Airco.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Wankel-Airco.jpg/220px-Wankel-Airco.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Wankel-Airco.jpg/330px-Wankel-Airco.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Wankel-Airco.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption>Sezione di un <a href="/wiki/Motore_Wankel" title="Motore Wankel">motore Wankel</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Il motore endotermico può essere sia <a href="/wiki/Motore_rotativo" title="Motore rotativo">rotativo</a>, con o <a href="/wiki/Motore_rotativo_senza_pistoni" title="Motore rotativo senza pistoni">senza pistoni</a>, che <a href="/wiki/Motore_a_movimento_alternativo" title="Motore a movimento alternativo">alternativo</a>, ed è quasi esclusivamente ad <a href="/wiki/Motore_ad_accensione_comandata" title="Motore ad accensione comandata">accensione comandata</a>. La conversione avviene nella <a href="/wiki/Camera_di_combustione" title="Camera di combustione">camera di combustione</a>, dove i gas combusti generano l'alta <a href="/wiki/Pressione" title="Pressione">pressione</a> e l'aumento di volume che inducono lo spostamento dei <a href="/wiki/Pistone_(meccanica)" title="Pistone (meccanica)">pistoni</a>, i quali, tramite collegamenti vari, fanno ruotare l'albero motore. La miscela consiste in una parte di <a href="/wiki/Combustibile" title="Combustibile">combustibile</a> (<a href="/wiki/Benzina" title="Benzina">benzina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gasolio" title="Gasolio">gasolio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cherosene" title="Cherosene">cherosene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gas_di_petrolio_liquefatto" class="mw-redirect" title="Gas di petrolio liquefatto">gpl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gas_naturale" title="Gas naturale">gas naturale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alcoli" title="Alcoli">alcool</a>, ecc.) e in una parte di comburente (solitamente l'<a href="/wiki/Ossigeno" title="Ossigeno">ossigeno</a> contenuto nell'aria), dosati in proporzioni particolari, anche in base al combustibile; il tipo di combustibile determina anche le caratteristiche del motore e quindi la sua applicazione nei vari ambiti. </p><p>in base alla tipologia i motori a combustione interna si suddividono: </p> <ul><li><b>motore volumetrico</b> (il fluido motore viene elaborato con cadenza periodica all'interno di un volume ben definito e generato ciclicamente dal moto di alcuni organi meccanici) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Motore_a_movimento_alternativo" title="Motore a movimento alternativo">motore a movimento alternativo</a>, in cui il moto alternativo dei <a href="/wiki/Pistone_(meccanica)" title="Pistone (meccanica)">pistoni</a> viene trasformato in un moto rotatorio attraverso un <a href="/wiki/Manovellismo_di_spinta_rotativa" class="mw-redirect" title="Manovellismo di spinta rotativa">manovellismo di spinta rotativa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motore_rotativo" title="Motore rotativo">motore a movimento rotativo</a>, il pistone ha un movimento rotatorio più o meno costante a seconda del tipo di motore, come il <a href="/wiki/Motore_Wankel" title="Motore Wankel">motore Wankel</a> e <a href="/wiki/Motore_toroidale" title="Motore toroidale">motore toroidale di Taurozzi</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>motori continui</b> (il fluido motore viene elaborato in maniera continua in una zona a volume non variabile e si configura quindi come un sistema meccanico energetico in deflusso) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turbina_a_gas_(turbomacchina)" title="Turbina a gas (turbomacchina)">turbina a gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motore_a_reazione" title="Motore a reazione">motore a reazione</a> come <a href="/wiki/Esoreattore" title="Esoreattore">esoreattore</a> e <a href="/wiki/Endoreattore" class="mw-redirect" title="Endoreattore">endoreattore</a> (anche detto <i><a href="/wiki/Motore_a_razzo" title="Motore a razzo">motore a razzo</a></i>)</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Il motori a movimento alternativo in base al tipo di ciclo termodinamico: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ciclo_Otto" title="Ciclo Otto">ciclo Otto</a>, utilizzato per il <a href="/wiki/Motore_ad_accensione_comandata" title="Motore ad accensione comandata">motore ad accensione comandata</a> (impropriamente definito motore a scoppio)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciclo_Diesel" title="Ciclo Diesel">ciclo Diesel</a>, utilizzato per il <a href="/wiki/Motore_ad_accensione_spontanea" title="Motore ad accensione spontanea">motore ad accensione spontanea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciclo_Sabath%C3%A9" title="Ciclo Sabathé">ciclo Sabathé</a>, utilizzato per motori ad accensione comandata o spontanea e che meglio descrive il funzionamento di questi motori a regimi elevati</li></ul> <p>oppure in base a come viene frazionato il ciclo sul moto alterno in motori: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Motore_a_due_tempi" title="Motore a due tempi">motore a due tempi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motore_a_quattro_tempi" title="Motore a quattro tempi">motore a quattro tempi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motore_a_sei_tempi" title="Motore a sei tempi">motore a sei tempi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motore_a_sette_tempi" title="Motore a sette tempi">motore a sette tempi</a></li></ul> <p>Il motore volumetrico alternativo a quattro tempi è il motore che fornisce l'energia meccanica a quasi tutti i mezzi di trasporto su gomma (escluso taluni motocicli con il due tempi), ma anche barche a motore (escluso le navi con il due tempi sovralimentato) e ad alcuni treni. Viene usato talvolta su un piccolo <a href="/wiki/Aeroplano" title="Aeroplano">aeroplano</a> ad elica e per produrre energia elettrica a bassa tensione. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Principi_di_funzionamento">Principi di funzionamento</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Principi di funzionamento" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Principi di funzionamento"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rotax_FR_125_Senior_Max_Engine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Rotax_FR_125_Senior_Max_Engine.jpg/220px-Rotax_FR_125_Senior_Max_Engine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Rotax_FR_125_Senior_Max_Engine.jpg/330px-Rotax_FR_125_Senior_Max_Engine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Rotax_FR_125_Senior_Max_Engine.jpg/440px-Rotax_FR_125_Senior_Max_Engine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2784" data-file-height="2443" /></a><figcaption>Motore termico ad accensione comandata, con tutti i sistemi in vista</figcaption></figure> <p>I motori a combustione interna si basano sulla <a href="/wiki/Reazione_chimica" title="Reazione chimica">reazione chimica</a> <a href="/wiki/Esotermico" class="mw-redirect" title="Esotermico">esotermica</a> della <a href="/wiki/Combustione" title="Combustione">combustione</a>: la reazione di un <a href="/wiki/Carburante" title="Carburante">carburante</a> con un <a href="/wiki/Comburente" title="Comburente">comburente</a>, normalmente aria. Vedi anche <a href="/wiki/Stechiometria" title="Stechiometria">stechiometria</a>. In alcuni motori venne introdotto un nuovo tipo di sistema che migliorava di netto i consumi, denominato <a href="/wiki/Lean_Burn" class="mw-redirect" title="Lean Burn">Lean Burn</a> (combustione magra), consisteva nell'iniezione di aria ad alta pressione direttamente nella camera di combustione per ottimizzare l'esplosione della miscela. </p><p>I motori a combustione interna sono costituiti da diversi sistemi (impianti) che ne permettono il funzionamento, quali: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Impianto_d%27accensione" title="Impianto d'accensione">Impianto d'accensione</a></i>, questo sistema è presente solo sui motori ad accensione comandata e permette l'inizio della combustione</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Impianto_d%27avviamento" title="Impianto d'avviamento">Impianto d'avviamento</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Impianto_d%27alimentazione" title="Impianto d'alimentazione">Impianto d'alimentazione</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Impianto_di_raffreddamento" title="Impianto di raffreddamento">Impianto di raffreddamento</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Impianto_di_scarico" title="Impianto di scarico">Impianto di scarico</a></i></li></ul> <p>I carburanti più utilizzati oggi sono composti da <a href="/wiki/Idrocarburi" title="Idrocarburi">idrocarburi</a> e sono derivati dal <a href="/wiki/Petrolio" title="Petrolio">petrolio</a>. Recentemente sono stati sviluppati prototipi che possono utilizzare anche <a href="/wiki/Idrogeno" title="Idrogeno">idrogeno</a> (sia gassoso, sia liquido). La maggior parte dei motori a combustione interna progettati per funzionare a benzina possono bruciare anche <a href="/wiki/Metano" title="Metano">metano</a> o GPL senza modifiche a parte quelle necessarie per l'impianto di alimentazione. </p><p>Essi vengono classificati in base al sistema di <a href="/wiki/Accensione" title="Accensione">accensione</a> utilizzato per provocare la combustione in: </p> <ul><li><i>motori ad accensione comandata</i>: nei motori ad accensione comandata di solito l'accensione viene comandata attraverso una scintilla ad alta tensione che scocca nella miscela aria-combustibile all'interno del cilindro. La scintilla viene prodotta attraverso un <a href="/wiki/Impianto_d%27accensione" title="Impianto d'accensione">impianto d'accensione</a>. Inoltre per l'avvio del motore in condizioni di temperatura esterna e del motore stesso relativamente basse, si utilizza un sistema che serve a garantire un avvio più facile, chiamato <a href="/wiki/Starter_(meccanica)" title="Starter (meccanica)">starter</a>.</li> <li><i>motori ad accensione spontanea</i>: nei motori ad accensione spontanea (detti anche <a href="/wiki/Motore_Diesel" title="Motore Diesel">motori Diesel</a>) il combustibile viene iniettato nell'aria compressa nei cilindri del motore e la combustione ha luogo spontaneamente, grazie alle favorevoli condizioni termo-pressorie del comburente.</li></ul> <p>L'energia dei prodotti di combustione, i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gas_combusti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gas combusti (la pagina non esiste)">gas combusti</a>, è superiore all'energia originale dell'aria e del carburante (che avevano una maggiore <a href="/wiki/Energia_chimica" title="Energia chimica">energia chimica</a>) e si manifesta attraverso un'elevata <a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">temperatura</a> e <a href="/wiki/Pressione" title="Pressione">pressione</a> che vengono trasformate in <a href="/wiki/Lavoro_meccanico" class="mw-redirect" title="Lavoro meccanico">lavoro meccanico</a> dal motore. Nei motori alternativi, è la pressione dei gas combusti a spingere i pistoni all'interno dei cilindri del motore. </p><p>Recuperata l'energia, i gas combusti vengono eliminati attraverso una o due valvole di scarico. Nei motori a combustione interna attuali, dopo essere stati espulsi dal cilindro, i gas di scarico attraversano una <a href="/wiki/Turbina" title="Turbina">turbina</a> che provvede a recuperare l'energia residua dei prodotti della combustione, al fine di poter azionare un compressore centrifugo (calettato sullo stesso albero della turbina), il quale comprime l'aria comburente (sovralimentazione mediante <a href="/wiki/Turbocompressore" title="Turbocompressore">turbocompressore</a> azionato da gas di scarico). Al termine di questa fase il pistone torna nella posizione di <a href="/wiki/Punto_morto_superiore" class="mw-redirect" title="Punto morto superiore">punto morto superiore</a> (pms). Tutto il <a href="/wiki/Calore" title="Calore">calore</a> non trasformato in lavoro deve essere eliminato dal motore attraverso un <a href="/wiki/Sistema_di_raffreddamento" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistema di raffreddamento">sistema di raffreddamento</a> ad aria o a liquido. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Potenza">Potenza</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Potenza" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Potenza"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:J85_ge_17a_turbojet_engine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/J85_ge_17a_turbojet_engine.jpg/220px-J85_ge_17a_turbojet_engine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/J85_ge_17a_turbojet_engine.jpg/330px-J85_ge_17a_turbojet_engine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/J85_ge_17a_turbojet_engine.jpg/440px-J85_ge_17a_turbojet_engine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3340" data-file-height="2033" /></a><figcaption>Spaccato di un turbogetto <a href="/wiki/General_Electric_J85" title="General Electric J85">General Electric J85-GE-17A</a></figcaption></figure> <p>La potenza effettiva o potenza meccanica di un motore è la <a href="/wiki/Potenza_(fisica)" title="Potenza (fisica)">potenza</a> disponibile sull'<a href="/wiki/Albero_motore" class="mw-redirect" title="Albero motore">albero motore</a> considerate tutte le dispersioni. Una delle sue formule è la potenza «per via termica» esprimibile con la formula: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle P_{eff}=\rho _{a}\,{\frac {VK^{*}}{\lambda }}\,\lambda _{v}\,\eta _{cc}\,\eta _{th}\,\eta _{i}\,\eta _{m}\,{\frac {n}{\tau \over 2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>ρ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>V</mi> <msup> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> <mi>λ</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msub> <mi>η</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>c</mi> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msub> <mi>η</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>t</mi> <mi>h</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msub> <mi>η</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msub> <mi>η</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>n</mi> <mfrac> <mi>τ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle P_{eff}=\rho _{a}\,{\frac {VK^{*}}{\lambda }}\,\lambda _{v}\,\eta _{cc}\,\eta _{th}\,\eta _{i}\,\eta _{m}\,{\frac {n}{\tau \over 2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4ef13712ff3dc05b8c637a39b346d5ab83ac5a83" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.005ex; width:33.615ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle P_{eff}=\rho _{a}\,{\frac {VK^{*}}{\lambda }}\,\lambda _{v}\,\eta _{cc}\,\eta _{th}\,\eta _{i}\,\eta _{m}\,{\frac {n}{\tau \over 2}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Dove le variabili della formula rappresentano: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \rho _{a}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>ρ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \rho _{a}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/cf5bcd5f18e417072a2f15baf57774af83e76672" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:2.304ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \rho _{a}}"></span> è la densità dell'aria, circa pari, ma sempre inferiore a quella atmosferica nei motori aspirati, più elevata nei motori sovralimentati (generalmente del 20-30%)</dd> <dd><i>V</i> è la <a href="/wiki/Cilindrata" title="Cilindrata">cilindrata</a></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle K^{*}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle K^{*}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ee44d723b0d9bf440e04a664ea1e6e1958d743de" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.148ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle K^{*}}"></span> è la <a href="/wiki/Tonalit%C3%A0_termica" title="Tonalità termica">tonalità termica</a></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \lambda }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>λ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \lambda }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b43d0ea3c9c025af1be9128e62a18fa74bedda2a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.355ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \lambda }"></span> è l'indice d'aria (maggiore di uno per miscele magre, inferiore per miscele grasse)</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \lambda _{v}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \lambda _{v}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/cb070d0bb84ad9172a15da1414be94ca79cffdb8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.385ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \lambda _{v}}"></span> a volte anche detto <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \eta _{v}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>η</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \eta _{v}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bbb1c30360c7ab235a014ad054df223447f1ffa5" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:2.185ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \eta _{v}}"></span> è il coefficiente di riempimento.</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \eta _{cc}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>η</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>c</mi> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \eta _{cc}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/27e3d33f819d58b4fef0838e7306300b675e44cb" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:2.812ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \eta _{cc}}"></span> è il rendimento in camera di combustione</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \eta _{th}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>η</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>t</mi> <mi>h</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \eta _{th}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a7f49a8790992ff5da3e0f4766b1722301f0fce1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:2.928ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \eta _{th}}"></span> è il rendimento ideale</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \eta _{i}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>η</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \eta _{i}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b336ed51c970728280e38f5a131ac52f69833c67" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.955ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \eta _{i}}"></span> è il rendimento indicato</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \eta _{m}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>η</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \eta _{m}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1ced66ca08192270feb9bb44dc5205414a005a1f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:2.831ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \eta _{m}}"></span> è il rendimento meccanico</dd> <dd><i>n</i> è la velocità di rotazione dell'albero motore, espressa come numero di giri al secondo.</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \tau }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>τ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \tau }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/38a7dcde9730ef0853809fefc18d88771f95206c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.202ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \tau }"></span> è il numero di tempi del motore (2-4)</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090215045724/http://www.torvergata-karting.it/article/articleview/20/1/2"><span style="font-style:italic;">Storia del motore a combustione interna</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">torvergata-karting.it</span>. <small>URL consultato il 4 febbraio 2009</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.torvergata-karting.it/article/articleview/20/1/2">url originale</abbr> il 15 febbraio 2009)</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Filtro_dell%27olio" title="Filtro dell'olio">Filtro dell'olio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filtro_dell%27aria" title="Filtro dell'aria">Filtro dell'aria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motore_termico" title="Motore termico">Motore termico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motore_a_combustione_esterna" title="Motore a combustione esterna">Motore a combustione esterna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompa_dell%27olio" title="Pompa dell'olio">Pompa dell'olio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressione_media_effettiva" title="Pressione media effettiva">Pressione media effettiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressione_media_indicata" title="Pressione media indicata">Pressione media indicata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rendimento_termico" title="Rendimento termico">Rendimento termico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rendimento_meccanico" title="Rendimento meccanico">Rendimento meccanico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistema_ad_iniezione_d%27acqua" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistema ad iniezione d'acqua">Sistema ad iniezione d'acqua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovralimentazione" title="Sovralimentazione">Sovralimentazione</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Internal combustion engines"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Internal_combustion_engines?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Internal_combustion_engines?uselang=it">motore a combustione interna</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motore_a_combustione_interna&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com_technology/internal-combustion-engine" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Charles Lafayette Proctor, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/technology/internal-combustion-engine"><span style="font-style:italic;">internal-combustion engine</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12757#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com_technology/intermittent-combustion-engine" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/technology/intermittent-combustion-engine"><span style="font-style:italic;">intermittent-combustion engine</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12757#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Motori_aeronautici"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Motori_aeronautici" title="Template:Motori aeronautici"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Motori_aeronautici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Motori aeronautici (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Motori_aeronautici&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Motori_aeronautici" title="Categoria:Motori aeronautici">Motori aeronautici</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Motore a combustione interna</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Motore_rotativo" title="Motore rotativo">Motore rotativo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Motore_in_linea" title="Motore in linea">Motore in linea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Motore_a_U" title="Motore a U">Motore a U</a> · <a href="/wiki/Motore_a_V" title="Motore a V">Motore a V</a> · <a href="/wiki/Motore_a_W" title="Motore a W">Motore a W</a> · <a href="/wiki/Motore_ad_H" title="Motore ad H">Motore ad H</a> · <a href="/wiki/Motore_ad_X" title="Motore ad X">Motore ad X</a> · <a href="/wiki/Motore_a_cilindri_contrapposti" title="Motore a cilindri contrapposti">Motore a cilindri contrapposti</a> · <a href="/wiki/Motore_radiale" title="Motore radiale">Motore radiale (stellare)</a></td><td rowspan="3" class="navbox_image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Afterburner.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Afterburner.jpg/150px-Afterburner.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Afterburner.jpg/225px-Afterburner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Afterburner.jpg/300px-Afterburner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1278" data-file-height="936" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Motore_a_reazione" title="Motore a reazione">Motore a reazione</a> (o Motore a getto)</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Endoreattore" class="mw-redirect" title="Endoreattore">Endoreattore</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Razzo_a_propellente_solido" title="Razzo a propellente solido">a propellente solido</a> · <a href="/wiki/Razzo_a_propellente_liquido" title="Razzo a propellente liquido">a propellente liquido</a> · <a href="/wiki/Razzo_ibrido" class="mw-redirect" title="Razzo ibrido">ibridi</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Esoreattore" title="Esoreattore">Esoreattore</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Motoreattore" title="Motoreattore">Motoreattore</a> · <a href="/wiki/Turbogetto" title="Turbogetto">Turbogetto</a> · <a href="/wiki/Turboventola" title="Turboventola">Turboventola</a> · <a href="/wiki/Turboelica" title="Turboelica">Turboelica</a> · <a href="/wiki/Motore_turboalbero" class="mw-redirect" title="Motore turboalbero">Turboalbero</a> · <a href="/wiki/Motore_propfan" title="Motore propfan">Motore propfan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Statoreattore" title="Statoreattore">Statoreattore</a> · <a href="/wiki/Scramjet" title="Scramjet">Scramjet</a> · <a href="/wiki/Autoturboreattore" title="Autoturboreattore">Autoturboreattore</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pulsoreattore" title="Pulsoreattore">Pulsoreattore</a> · <a href="/wiki/Motore_ad_onda_di_detonazione" title="Motore ad onda di detonazione">Motore ad onda di detonazione</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group">Motori ibridi</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Air-augmented_rocket" title="Air-augmented rocket">Air-augmented rocket</a> · <a href="/wiki/Turborazzo" title="Turborazzo">Turborazzo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Motore_a_getto_preraffreddato" title="Motore a getto preraffreddato">Motore a getto preraffreddato</a>/<a href="/wiki/Liquid_air_cycle_engine" title="Liquid air cycle engine">Liquid air cycle engine</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Componenti</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Pistone_(meccanica)" title="Pistone (meccanica)">Pistone</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cilindro_(meccanica)" title="Cilindro (meccanica)">Cilindro</a> · <a href="/wiki/Camma" title="Camma">Camma</a> · <a href="/wiki/Presa_d%27aria" title="Presa d'aria">Presa d'aria</a> · <a href="/wiki/Compressore" title="Compressore">Compressore</a> · <a href="/wiki/Compressore_centrifugo" title="Compressore centrifugo">Compressore centrifugo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Compressore_assiale" title="Compressore assiale">Compressore assiale</a> · <a href="/wiki/Albero_(meccanica)" title="Albero (meccanica)">Albero</a> · <a href="/wiki/Camera_di_combustione" title="Camera di combustione">Combustore o camera di combustione</a> · <a href="/wiki/Candela_(meccanica)" class="mw-redirect" title="Candela (meccanica)">Candela</a> · <a href="/wiki/Iniettore" title="Iniettore">Iniettore</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_turbogas" class="mw-redirect" title="Gruppo turbogas">Turbina</a> · <a href="/wiki/Postbruciatore" title="Postbruciatore">Postbruciatore</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ugello_di_scarico" 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class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Categorie" title="Categoria:Categorie">Categoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Motori_a_combustione_interna" title="Categoria:Motori a combustione interna">Motori a combustione interna</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorie nascoste: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Senza_fonti_-_meccanica" title="Categoria:Senza fonti - meccanica">Senza fonti - meccanica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Senza_fonti_-_gennaio_2012" title="Categoria:Senza fonti - gennaio 2012">Senza fonti - gennaio 2012</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P1417_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P1417 letta da Wikidata">P1417 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_Thesaurus_BNCF" title="Categoria:Voci con codice Thesaurus BNCF">Voci con codice Thesaurus BNCF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_LCCN" title="Categoria:Voci con codice LCCN">Voci con codice LCCN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_GND" title="Categoria:Voci con codice GND">Voci con codice GND</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_BNF" title="Categoria:Voci con codice BNF">Voci con codice BNF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_J9U" title="Categoria:Voci con codice J9U">Voci con codice J9U</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_non_biografiche_con_codici_di_controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Categoria:Voci non biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità">Voci non biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Questa pagina è stata modificata per l'ultima volta il 23 set 2024 alle 21:20.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Il testo è disponibile secondo la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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