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(Trust Account) (15.43%)<br>Custody Bank of Japan, Ltd. (Trust Account) (6.86%)<br>BNYM AS AGT/CLTS NON TREAT JASDEC] (6.01%)<br>Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance Company (2.41%)<br>Mizuho Bank, Ltd. (1.73%)<br>STATE STREET BANK WEST CLIENT-TREATY 505234 (1.52%)<br>The Dai-ichi Life Insurance Company (1.35%)<br>JPMorgan Securities Japan Co., Ltd.(1.23%) (1.35%) | foundation = {{start date and age|1858}} }} {{Nihongo|'''Marubeni Corporation'''|丸紅株式会社|Marubeni Kabushiki-gaisha}} ({{Tyo|8002}}, [[Osaka Securities Exchange|OSE]]: 8002, [[Nagoya Stock Exchange|NSE]]: 8002) is a ''[[sōgō shōsha]]'' (general trading company) headquartered in [[Nihonbashi]], [[Chūō, Tokyo|Chuo]], [[Tokyo]], [[Japan]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.marubeni.com/en/company/network/tokyo/|title=Head Office Map {{!}} Marubeni Corporation|website=www.marubeni.com|language=en|access-date=2018-07-25}}</ref> It is one of the largest ''sogo shosha'' and has leading market shares in cereal and paper pulp trading as well as a strong electrical and industrial plant business.<ref name="yahoo">{{cite web|title=丸紅(株) 企業情報|url=http://stocks.finance.yahoo.co.jp/stocks/profile/?code=8002.T|publisher=Yahoo Finance|access-date=22 April 2014}}</ref> '''Marubeni''' is a member of the [[Mizuho Financial Group|Mizuho]] [[keiretsu]]. ==History== Marubeni was founded in 1858, where the founder Chubei Itoh moved out of the family business and started a linen trading business with his uncle. It was established in 1918 as '''Itochu Shoten, Ltd.''' in a spin-off of certain sales divisions of C. Itoh & Co. ([[Itochu]]) into a separate entity. Itochu Shoten merged with Itoh Chobei Shoten in 1921 to form '''Marubeni Shoten, Ltd.''' under the leadership of Chobei Itoh IX.<ref name="chronology">{{cite web|title=Corporate Chronology with Photos|url=http://www.marubeni.com/company/history/chronicle_detail/|publisher=Marubeni|access-date=22 April 2014}}</ref> Marubeni started out as a textile trading firm and expanded to trade in other consumer and industrial goods during the 1920s.<ref name="fu">{{cite web|title=Marubeni Corporation History|url=http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/marubeni-corporation-history/|publisher=International Directory of Company Histories, Vol. 24. St. James Press, 1999|access-date=22 April 2014}}</ref> Marubeni was re-combined with Itochu during [[World War II]] to form '''Sanko Kabushiki Kaisha Ltd.''' (1941–44) and '''Daiken Company, Ltd.''' (1944–48). This conglomerate was dismantled in the wake of the war and Marubeni again emerged as a separate trading company in 1949.<ref name="chronology" /> Post-war Marubeni was predominantly a textile trading firm at its outset, but diversified into machinery, metals and chemicals, with textiles barely forming a majority of its business by the end of the decade.<ref name="fu" /> Marubeni merged with Takashimaya-Iida, a trading company that owned the [[Takashimaya]] department store chain, in 1955, changing its name to '''Marubeni-Iida''' from 1955 to 1972.<ref name="fu" /> The merger was orchestrated by [[Fuji Bank]] in order to create a stronger trading company partner for the bank's corporate customers. Marubeni and Fuji Bank developed a network of corporate clients which was formalized as the [[Fuyo Group]] ''[[keiretsu]]'' in the 1960s, paralleling the development of the [[DKB Group]] and [[Sanwa Group]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Suzuki|first=Shinichi|title=The Japanese Main Bank System: A Transaction Cost Approach|date=2006|pages=108–109|isbn=9780542875380|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iqnZYQTeeCoC&pg=PA108}}</ref> The Fuyo Group included [[Hitachi]], [[Nissan]], [[Canon Inc.|Canon]], [[Showa Denko]], [[Kubota Corporation|Kubota]] and [[Nippon Steel]].<ref name="fu" /> Marubeni, like other ''sogo shosha'', was hit hard by the collapse of the [[Japanese asset price bubble]] in the early 1990s and recorded its first annual net loss in 1998. The company again booked massive losses as part of a restructuring in 2001, with its stock price plummeting to 58 yen per share in December 2001.<ref>{{cite web|title=Vol.3 2001|url=https://www.marubeni.com/company/history/turningpoint/vol3/|publisher=Marubeni Corporation|access-date=22 April 2014}}</ref> Marubeni acquired a large minority stake in the [[Daiei]] supermarket chain in 2006, which it sold to [[Æon Group]] in 2013.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aeon to take over Daiei in bid for dominance|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/03/31/business/corporate-business/aeon-to-take-over-daiei-in-bid-for-dominance/#.VXZB5NKqqko|access-date=9 June 2015|work=The Japan Times|agency=Kyodo|date=31 March 2013}}</ref> The [[Tokyo Stock Exchange]] recognized Marubeni as the best Japanese company at increasing [[enterprise value]] in 2013, citing management's efforts to maximize [[return on equity]].<ref>{{cite news|title=企業価値高める経営表彰、丸紅を大賞に選定東証|url=http://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXNZO64631930W3A221C1DT0000/|access-date=30 April 2014|newspaper=Nihon Keizai Shimbun|date=26 December 2013}}</ref> In September 2018, The [[Russian Direct Investment Fund]] (RDIF), Marubeni Corporation and Russia's AEON Corporation agreed to develop an industrial facility in [[Volgograd]]. The total investment is estimated at over $800 million with construction due to start in 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-09-10 |title=Russia, Japan agree to develop industrial facility for $800 million |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-russia-japan-marubeni-idUKKCN1LQ1KP |access-date=2022-04-18}}</ref> In September 2018, Marubeni announced to shift from coal to renewable energy resources.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cleantechnica.com/2018/09/24/this-is-huge-marubeni-shifts-from-coal-to-renewables/|title=This Is Huge! Marubeni Shifts From Coal To Renewables {{!}} CleanTechnica|website=[[cleantechnica.com]]|date=24 September 2018|language=en-US|access-date=2018-10-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://qz.com/1392948/japanese-energy-giant-marubeni-just-gave-up-coal-for-renewables/|title=Japanese energy giant Marubeni just gave up coal for renewables — Quartz|website=qz.com|date=17 September 2018 |language=en|access-date=2018-10-02}}</ref> [[Berkshire Hathaway]] acquired over 5% of the stock in the company, along with four other Japanese trading houses, over the 12-month period ending in August 2020.<ref>{{cite news |last=Yamazaki |first=Makiko |date=20 November 2022 |title=Buffett's Berkshire boosts stakes in Japan's five biggest trading houses |url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/deals/buffetts-berkshire-boosts-stakes-japans-five-biggest-trading-houses-2022-11-21/ |url-status=live |work=Reuters |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718004655/https://www.reuters.com/markets/deals/buffetts-berkshire-boosts-stakes-japans-five-biggest-trading-houses-2022-11-21/ |archive-date=18 July 2023 |access-date=18 July 2023|ref=none}}</ref> In October 2021, Marubeni invested in B2U Storage Solutions, a Santa Monica-based startup that reuses EV batteries to a battery storage system.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-05 |title=B2U's Plan to Transform More Depleted Electric Car Batteries into Solar Storage |url=https://dot.la/b2u-transforms-car-batteries-solar-2655507614/particle-4 |access-date=2022-03-08 |website=dot.LA |language=en}}</ref> In January 2022, Marubeni won the sea bed right of the Scotland to construct an offshore wind farm. They have partnered with SSE Renewables and Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners. Aside of Scotland, Marubeni is working on Japan's first offshore wind farm as well as floating turbine demonstrations.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-13 |title=SSE, Marubeni, CIP Team Up for ScotWind Leasing |url=https://www.offshorewind.biz/2020/11/13/sse-marubeni-cip-team-up-for-scotwind-leasing/ |access-date=2022-03-03 |website=Offshore Wind |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Offices== [[Image:Tokyo Nihonbashi tower 20151025.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Previous head office in [[Nihonbashi]], Chuo, Tokyo, Japan]]Marubeni's head office moved to the [[Tokyo Nihombashi Tower]] ([[:ja:東京日本橋タワー|ja]]) in 2016.<ref name=":0" /> The company constructed a new dedicated head office building in 2021 and moved back to the original place in Chiyoda.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Notification of Tokyo Head Office Relocation |language=en |url=https://www.marubeni.com/en/news/2021/release/00019.html |access-date=2021-03-01}}</ref>[[Image:Marubeni-Osaka-hq-01.jpg|right|thumb|Previous Osaka Office in Hommachi, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan]] The company has a total of twelve offices in Japan, 58 overseas offices and 29 overseas subsidiaries with 33 offices.<ref>{{cite web|title=Company Profile|url=http://www.marubeni.com/company/profile/index.html|publisher=Marubeni Corporation|access-date=9 June 2015}}</ref> The head office of Marubeni in Otemachi (Tokyo) operates the Marubeni Gallery museum, which holds exhibitions mainly of textiles and paintings.<ref>{{cite web |title=Marubeni Gallery |url=https://www.marubeni.com/gallery/en/about/}}</ref> The Marubeni Gallery also publishes books about its exhibitions.<ref>{{cite book |title=Pursuing and Passing Down the Beauty: Kimono of the Marubeni Collection |date=2022 |publisher=Marubeni Corporation}}</ref> ==Business== Marubeni Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries use their broad business networks, both within Japan and overseas, to conduct importing and exporting (including third country trading), as well as domestic business, encompassing a diverse range of business activities across wide-ranging fields including lifestyle, ICT & real estate business, forest products, food, agri business, chemicals, energy, metals & mineral resources, power business, infrastructure project, aerospace & ship, finance & leasing business, construction, industrial machinery & mobility, and next generation business development. Additionally, the Marubeni Group offers a variety of services, makes internal and external investments, and is involved in resource development throughout all of the above industries. Marubeni's business is organized in six groups(as of March 2022): *Consumer Products Group – Lifestyle, ICT & Real Estate, Forest Products. Trades in apparel, functional materials and rubber, and provides logistics, insurance, finance, real estate services, pulp and paper. Has a strategic partnership with [[Want Want China]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Food & Consumer Products Group|url=http://www.marubeni.com/business/life_industry/index.html|publisher=Marubeni Corporation|access-date=9 June 2015}}</ref> *Food, Agriculture & Chemicals Group – Food, Agri Business, Chemicals. Trades in grain and food products, distributes solar panels and energy storage units. One major unit is the Helena Chemical Company, the second-largest agricultural chemical distributor in the US, which Marubeni acquired from [[Bayer]] in 1987.<ref>{{cite web|title=Chemical & Forest Products Group|url=http://www.marubeni.com/business/materials/index.html|publisher=Marubeni Corporation|access-date=9 June 2015}}</ref> *Energy & Metals Group - Trades in oil, gas, nuclear fuel, iron, steel, and other metals and minerals.<ref>{{cite web|title=Energy & Metals Group|url=http://www.marubeni.com/business/energy_metals/index.html|publisher=Marubeni Corporation|access-date=9 June 2015}}</ref> *Power Business & Infrastructure Group - Develops power plants, environmental plants, marine projects, industrial plants and transport infrastructure. Projects include the [[Westermost Rough Wind Farm]] in the UK, [[FSRU]] and [[FPSO]] projects in South America, and operation of the [[G:link]] light rail in Australia.<ref>{{cite web|title=Power Projects & Plant Group|url=http://www.marubeni.com/business/power_plant/index.html|publisher=Marubeni Corporation|access-date=9 June 2015}}</ref> *Transportation & Industrial Machinery, Financial Business Group - Trades in aircraft ([[Aircastle]]), ships, automobiles, and construction and industrial machinery.<ref>{{cite web|title=Transportation & Industrial Machinery Group|url=http://www.marubeni.com/business/transportation/index.html|publisher=Marubeni Corporation|access-date=9 June 2015}}</ref> The [http://www.marubeni.com/business/pickup/03/ Marubeni Aerospace Corporation] is a major component of this group, making up part of the group's ''[http://www.marubeni.com/business/transportation/aircraft_ship/ Aerospace & Ship Division]''. MAC was formed in 1998 when Marubeni acquired the trading rights and other assets of the former aerospace division of ''Okura & Co., Ltd''. (Okura Aerospace Co., Ltd.) In 2000, Marubeni obtained UK based Automotive dealer group, the RRG Group.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rrg-group.com/about-us/history/|title=Our history {{!}} RRG Group|website=www.rrg-group.com|access-date=2018-09-17}}</ref> ==Notable people== *[[Minoru Arakawa]] worked in overseas real estate development at Marubeni during the 1970s prior to founding [[Nintendo of America]] in 1980. *[[Yohei Kono]], member of the House of Representatives and former Foreign Minister, worked at Marubeni from 1959 to 1967 before entering politics. *[[Toshimitsu Motegi]], member of the House of Representatives and former State Minister and minister of foreign affairs in the [[Shinzo Abe]] and [[Yoshihide Suga]] governments, worked at Marubeni before entering politics. == Scandals and Incidents == In the early 1970s Marubeni was accused of hoarding rice on the black market for profiteering purposes. In 1976, numerous Marubeni and [[All Nippon Airways]] executives were arrested in connection with the [[Lockheed bribery scandals|bribery of Japanese government officials]] to support the sales of [[Lockheed Corporation|Lockheed]] aircraft in Japan; the scandal also led to several suicides and the arrest of Prime Minister [[Kakuei Tanaka]]. In 1986, Marubeni was found to have bribed Filipino President [[Ferdinand Marcos]] and several of his friends and associates in connection with Japanese [[Official development assistance|ODA]] work in the Philippines.<ref name="fu" /> In January 2012, Marubeni Corporation agreed to pay a US$54.6 million criminal penalty to settle multiple US [[Foreign Corrupt Practices Act]] (FCPA) charges relating to its work as an agent for the TSKJ joint venture. The TSKJ joint venture comprising [[Technip]], Snamprogetti Netherlands, Kellogg Brown & Root ([[KBR (company)|KBR]]) and [[JGC Corporation]] hired Marubeni to bribe lower-level [[Nigeria]]n government officials to help it achieve contracts to build LNG facilities on [[Bonny Island]] in [[Nigeria]].<ref>{{cite news |author=Cassin, Richard L. |date=17 January 2012 |title=Marubeni Pays $54.6 Million To Settle TSKJ Nigeria Case |url=http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2012/1/17/marubeni-pays-546-million-to-settle-tskj-nigeria-case.html |publisher=The FCPA Blog}}</ref> TSKJ paid Marubeni US$51 million which was intended, in part, to be used toward Nigerian officials.<ref>{{cite web |author=Rubenfeld, Samuel |date=17 January 2012 |title=Marubeni Corp. Agrees To Pay $54.6 Million To Settle FCPA Probe |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/corruption-currents/2012/01/17/marubeni-corp-agrees-to-pay-54-6-million-to-settle-fcpa-probe/ |publisher=WSJ Corruption Currents}}</ref> Two years later, and just months after its final settlement in the Nigerian case, Marubeni was charged under the FCPA for bribing Indonesian officials in order to secure a $118 million power project contract for a joint venture between Marubeni and [[Alstom]]; it agreed to pay an $88 million fine in connection with this case.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ensign |first1=Rachel Louise |date=19 March 2014 |title=Marubeni to Pay $88 Million Over Foreign-Bribery Charges |work=The Wall Street Journal |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304026304579449853524677182 |access-date=9 June 2015}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== *{{in lang|en}} [http://www.marubeni.com/ www.marubeni.com] *{{in lang|en}} [http://www.europe.marubeni.com/ Marubeni Europe plc] *[http://marubeni-power.com/ Marubeni Power] {{Nikkei 225}} {{TOPIX 100}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Marubeni| ]] [[Category:Conglomerate companies based in Tokyo]] [[Category:Distribution companies based in Tokyo]] [[Category:Service companies based in Tokyo]] [[Category:Aircraft engine manufacturers of Japan]] [[Category:Defense companies of Japan]] [[Category:Trading companies based in Tokyo]] [[Category:Manufacturing companies established in 1918]] [[Category:Japanese companies established in 1918]] [[Category:Companies listed on the Osaka Exchange]] [[Category:Companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange]] [[Category:Companies in the Nikkei 225]] [[Category:Fuyo Group]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">help</a>)</span>:</span> </p></div><ul> <li><a 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