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terminivõistlus\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E!\u003C/small\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sait"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sisukord" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sisukord</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">peida</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Algus</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Vaata_ka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vaata_ka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Vaata ka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vaata_ka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Viited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kirjandus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kirjandus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Kirjandus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kirjandus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sisukord" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Lülita sisukord ümber" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lülita sisukord ümber</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Foiniikia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mine teises keeles artiklisse. Saadaval 100 keeles" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-100" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">100 keelt</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="eeskujulik artikkel"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenisi%C3%AB" title="Fenisië – afrikaani" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Fenisië" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%8A%E1%8A%95%E1%89%84" title="ፊንቄ – amhara" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፊንቄ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="فينيقيا – araabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فينيقيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A7" title="Փիւնիկէ – läänearmeenia" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Փիւնիկէ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="läänearmeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicia" title="Fenicia – astuuria" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Fenicia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astuuria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finikiya" title="Finikiya – aserbaidžaani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Finikiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbaidžaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%B1" title="فنیقی‌لر – lõunaaserbaidžaani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فنیقی‌لر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="lõunaaserbaidžaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsa_Fenisia" title="Bangsa Fenisia – indoneesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bangsa Fenisia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia – malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Phoenicia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="ফিনিশিয়া – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফিনিশিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia – lõunamini" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Phoenicia" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="lõunamini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Финикия – baškiiri" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Финикия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškiiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Фінікія – valgevene" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фінікія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="valgevene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenikija" title="Fenikija – bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Fenikija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenikia" title="Fenikia – bretooni" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Fenikia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretooni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Финикия – bulgaaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Финикия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Финики – burjaadi" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Финики" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="burjaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fen%C3%ADcia" title="Fenícia – katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fenícia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penisya" title="Penisya – sebu" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Penisya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="sebu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A9nicie" title="Fénicie – tšehhi" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fénicie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšehhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ffenicia" title="Ffenicia – kõmri" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffenicia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="kõmri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B8nikien" title="Fønikien – taani" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fønikien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="taani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%B6nizien" title="Phönizien – saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Phönizien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia – inglise" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Phoenicia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicia" title="Fenicia – hispaania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fenicia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicio" title="Fenicio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fenicio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenizia" title="Fenizia – baski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fenizia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7" title="فنیقی‌ها – pärsia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فنیقی‌ها" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="pärsia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A9nicie" title="Phénicie – prantsuse" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Phénicie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prantsuse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenysje" title="Fenysje – läänefriisi" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Fenysje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="läänefriisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Fh%C3%A9in%C3%ADc" title="An Fhéiníc – iiri" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Fhéiníc" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicios" title="Fenicios – galeegi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fenicios" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galeegi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EB%8B%88%ED%82%A4%EC%95%84" title="페니키아 – korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="페니키아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Phoenicia" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Փյունիկիա – armeenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Փյունիկիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="फ़ोनीशिया – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फ़ोनीशिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicija" title="Fenicija – horvaadi" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Fenicija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6n%C3%ADka" title="Föníka – islandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Föníka" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicia" title="Fenicia – itaalia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fenicia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itaalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%94" title="פיניקיה – heebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פיניקיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="heebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsa_Fenisia" title="Bangsa Fenisia – jaava" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Bangsa Fenisia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jaava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ფინიკია – gruusia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფინიკია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Финикия – kasahhi" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Финикия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasahhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Финикия – kirgiisi" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Финикия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finisia" title="Finisia – suahiili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Finisia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahiili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%AEn%C3%AEkya" title="Fînîkya – kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Fînîkya" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenices" title="Phoenices – ladina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Phoenices" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ladina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feni%C4%B7ija" title="Feniķija – läti" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Feniķija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="läti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finikija" title="Finikija – leedu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Finikija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="leedu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenisia" title="Fenisia – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Fenisia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6n%C3%ADcia" title="Fönícia – ungari" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fönícia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Феникија – makedoonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Феникија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedoonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenisia" title="Fenisia – malagassi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fenisia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ഫിനീഷ്യൻ സംസ്കാരം – malajalami" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഫിനീഷ്യൻ സംസ്കാരം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feni%C4%8Bi" title="Feniċi – malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Feniċi" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="फिनीशिया – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="फिनीशिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ფინიკია – megreli" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ფინიკია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="megreli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="فينيقيا – Egiptuse araabia" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فينيقيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egiptuse araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%87" title="فینیقیه – mazandaraani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="فینیقیه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandaraani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%AD-n%C3%A0%CC%A4-g%C4%AD" title="Pĭ-nà̤-gĭ – idamini" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Pĭ-nà̤-gĭ" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="idamini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Финик – mongoli" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Финик" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenici%C3%AB" title="Fenicië – hollandi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fenicië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%8B%E3%82%AD%E3%82%A2" title="フェニキア – jaapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フェニキア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="jaapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B8nikia" title="Fønikia – norra bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fønikia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norra bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B8nikia" title="Fønikia – uusnorra" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fønikia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="uusnorra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicia" title="Fenicia – oksitaani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fenicia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiinishiyaa" title="Fiinishiyaa – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Fiinishiyaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finikiya" title="Finikiya – usbeki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Finikiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਫੋਨੀਸ਼ੀਆ – pandžabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਫੋਨੀਸ਼ੀਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C" title="فونیقی – lahnda" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فونیقی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="lahnda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86" title="فینیکیان – puštu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="فینیکیان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="puštu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicja" title="Fenicja – poola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fenicja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fen%C3%ADcia" title="Fenícia – portugali" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fenícia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicia" title="Fenicia – rumeenia" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fenicia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Финикия – vene" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Финикия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="vene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fen%C3%ACtzios" title="Fenìtzios – sardi" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Fenìtzios" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicie" title="Phoenicie – šoti" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Phoenicie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="šoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenikasit" title="Fenikasit – albaania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Fenikasit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finici" title="Finici – sitsiilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Finici" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sitsiilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="පීනිෂියාව – singali" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පීනිෂියාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia – lihtsustatud inglise" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Phoenicia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="lihtsustatud inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feni%C4%8Dania" title="Feničania – slovaki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Feničania" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicija" title="Fenicija – sloveeni" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Fenicija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Феникија – serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Феникија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenikija" title="Fenikija – serbia-horvaadi" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Fenikija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbia-horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foinikia" title="Foinikia – soome" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Foinikia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="soome" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicien" title="Fenicien – rootsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fenicien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="rootsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia – tagalogi" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Phoenicia" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalogi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="போனீசியா – tamili" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="போனீசியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifniqen" title="Ifniqen – kabiili" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ifniqen" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabiili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ฟินิเชีย – tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟินิเชีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia – vietnami" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phoenicia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenikeliler" title="Fenikeliler – türgi" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fenikeliler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="türgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Фінікія – ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фінікія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C" title="فونیقی – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فونیقی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenici" title="Fenici – veneti" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Fenici" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="veneti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenisya" title="Fenisya – varai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Fenisya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%85%93%E5%B0%BC%E5%9F%BA" title="腓尼基 – uu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="腓尼基" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="uu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%85%93%E5%B0%BC%E5%9F%BA" title="腓尼基 – kantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="腓尼基" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%85%93%E5%B0%BC%E5%9F%BA" title="腓尼基 – hiina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="腓尼基" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="hiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41642#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Muuda keelelinke" class="wbc-editpage">Muuda linke</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nimeruumid"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Foiniikia" title="Vaata sisulehekülge [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arutelu:Foiniikia" rel="discussion" title="Arutelu selle lehekülje sisu kohta [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Arutelu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Muuda keelevarianti" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">eesti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="vaatamisi"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Foiniikia"><span>Vaata</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foiniikia&veaction=edit" title="Muuda seda lehekülge [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Muuda</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foiniikia&action=edit" title="Redigeeri selle lehekülje lähteteksti [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Muuda lähteteksti</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foiniikia&action=history" title="Selle lehekülje varasemad redaktsioonid [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Näita ajalugu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Lehekülje tööriistad"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tööriistad" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tööriistad</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tööriistad</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">peida</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Veel võimalusi" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Toimingud </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Foiniikia"><span>Vaata</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foiniikia&veaction=edit" title="Muuda seda lehekülge [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Muuda</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foiniikia&action=edit" title="Redigeeri selle lehekülje lähteteksti [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Muuda lähteteksti</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foiniikia&action=history"><span>Näita ajalugu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Üldine </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eri:Lingid_siia/Foiniikia" title="Kõik viki leheküljed, mis siia viitavad [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lingid siia</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eri:Seotud_muudatused/Foiniikia" rel="nofollow" title="Viimased muudatused lehekülgedel, millele on siit viidatud [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Seotud muudatused</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eri:Erilehek%C3%BCljed" title="Erilehekülgede loend [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Erileheküljed</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foiniikia&oldid=6529211" title="Püsilink lehekülje sellele redaktsioonile"><span>Püsilink</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foiniikia&action=info" title="Lisateave selle lehekülje kohta"><span>Lehekülje teave</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eri:Sellele_lehek%C3%BCljele_viitamine&page=Foiniikia&id=6529211&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Teave sellele leheküljele viitamise kohta"><span>Viita leheküljele</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eri:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fet.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFoiniikia"><span>Hangi lühendatud URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eri:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fet.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFoiniikia"><span>Laadi alla QR-kood</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Teistes projektides </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Phoenicia" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41642" title="Link andmehoidla seonduva üksuse juurde [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Andmeüksus</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Lehekülje tööriistad"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Ilme"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ilme</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">peida</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Allikas: Vikipeedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="et" dir="ltr"><div class="nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6739384">.mw-parser-output th.mbox-text,.mw-parser-output td.mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output td.mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output td.mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output td.mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output table.ambox{margin:0 10%;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #1e90ff;background:#fbfbfb}.mw-parser-output table.ambox~table.ambox:not(.mbox-small-left){margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox th.mbox-text,.mw-parser-output .ambox td.mbox-text{padding:0.25em 0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ambox td.mbox-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ambox td.mbox-imageright{padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #1e90ff}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b22222;background:#fee}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b22222}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba}.mw-parser-output table.imbox{margin:4px 10%;border-collapse:collapse;border:3px solid #36c;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output table.cmbox{margin:3px 10%;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #aaa;background:#DFE8FF}.mw-parser-output table.ombox{margin:4px 10%;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output table.tmbox{margin:4px 10%;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #c0c090;background:#f8eaba}.mw-parser-output table.fmbox{clear:both;margin:0.2em 0;width:100%;border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output table.fmbox-editnotice{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output table.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output table.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cmbox{background-color:#0d1a27}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cmbox{background-color:#0d1a27}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}}</style></div><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Edit-copy_orange_button.svg/35px-Edit-copy_orange_button.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Edit-copy_orange_button.svg/53px-Edit-copy_orange_button.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Edit-copy_orange_button.svg/70px-Edit-copy_orange_button.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="43" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>See artikkel</b> <b>vajab <a href="/wiki/Vikipeedia:Artiklite_toimetamine" title="Vikipeedia:Artiklite toimetamine">toimetamist</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small><i>(Veebruar 2010)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"> <br /><small>Palun aita <a class="external text" href="https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Foiniikia&action=edit">artiklit toimetada</a>.</small> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Juhend:Toimetusm%C3%A4rkuste_eemaldamine" title="Juhend:Toimetusmärkuste eemaldamine">Kuidas ja millal see märkus eemaldada?</a>)</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6739384"></div><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/35px-Emblem-important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/53px-Emblem-important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/70px-Emblem-important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>See artikkel</b> <b>ootab <a href="/wiki/Keeletoimetamine" title="Keeletoimetamine">keeletoimetamist</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"> <br /><small>Kui oskad, siis palun aita <a class="external text" href="https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Foiniikia&action=edit">artiklit keeleliselt parandada</a>.</small> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Juhend:Toimetusm%C3%A4rkuste_eemaldamine" title="Juhend:Toimetusmärkuste eemaldamine">Kuidas ja millal see märkus eemaldada?</a>)</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6347534">.mw-parser-output .infobox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-spacing:3px;background-color:#f8f9fa;color:black;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;padding:0.2em;float:right;clear:right;font-size:88%;line-height:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .infobox caption{font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;padding:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .infobox td,.mw-parser-output .infobox th{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless th{border:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox.sisterproject{width:20em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .infobox.standard-talk{border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:#f8eaba}.mw-parser-output .infobox.standard-talk.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.standard-talk.bordered th{border:1px solid #c0c090}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow th{border:0;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow th{border:0;border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow th{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable th{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}</style></div><table class="infobox bordered" style="width:22em;width:300px; background:white; font-size: 90%;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;line-height:170%; padding: 3px;"> <p><big><b>Foiniikia <br /> Φοινίκη (<a href="/wiki/Kreeka_keel" title="Kreeka keel">kreeka</a>)</b></big> </p> <hr style="width:90%; margin:2px auto;" />1500 eKr – 65 eKr</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:PhoenicianTrade.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/PhoenicianTrade.png/300px-PhoenicianTrade.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/PhoenicianTrade.png/450px-PhoenicianTrade.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/PhoenicianTrade.png 2x" data-file-width="558" data-file-height="418" /></a></span><div>Foiniikia ja foiniiklaste kaubandussidemed Vahemerel</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding:.2em .5em; font-weight:400;">Valitsusvorm</th><td style="padding:.2em .5em;"> <a href="/wiki/Monarhia" title="Monarhia">Monarhia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Linnriik" title="Linnriik">linnriikidel</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding:.2em .5em; font-weight:400;">Pealinn</th><td style="padding:.2em .5em;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Byblos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Byblos (pole veel kirjutatud)">Byblos</a> <small>(1200–1000 eKr)</small> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Tyros" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyros">Tyros</a> <small>(1000–333 eKr)</small> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Kartaago" title="Kartaago">Kartaago</a> <small>(333–149 eKr)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding:.2em .5em; font-weight:400;">Pindala</th><td style="padding:.2em .5em;"> 20 000 km² <small>(1000 eKr)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding:.2em .5em; font-weight:400;">Rahvaarv</th><td style="padding:.2em .5em;"> 200 000</td></tr><tr class="borderless"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:.2em .5em;"> <table style="width:100%"><tbody><tr> <th>Eelnev</th> <th>Järgnev</th> </tr><tr> <td style="width:50%; padding-left:10px;"><a href="/wiki/Kaanan" title="Kaanan">Kaanan</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Hetiidid" class="mw-redirect" title="Hetiidid">Hetiidid</a> <br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Egiptuse_Uus_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Egiptuse Uus riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Egiptuse Uus riik</a></td> <td style="width:50%; padding-left:10px;"><a href="/wiki/Kartaago" title="Kartaago">Kartaago</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Foiniikia</b> (<a href="/wiki/Vanakreeka_keel" title="Vanakreeka keel">vanakreeka keeles</a> Φοινίκη (Phoinike), ka <b><a href="/wiki/Kaanan" title="Kaanan">Kaanan</a></b>, mõlemad arvatavasti 'purpurimaa'<sup id="cite_ref-Antiigileksikon_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Antiigileksikon-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) oli <a href="/wiki/Antiikaeg" title="Antiikaeg">antiikaja</a> maa <a href="/wiki/Vahemeri" title="Vahemeri">Vahemere</a> idakaldal. </p><p>Foiniikia ulatus kitsa ribana Bargyluse (tänapäeval <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansarija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ansarija (pole veel kirjutatud)">Ansarija</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liibanoni_m%C3%A4ed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liibanoni mäed (pole veel kirjutatud)">Liibanoni</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galilea_m%C3%A4ed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galilea mäed (pole veel kirjutatud)">Galilea mägede</a> jalamil Casiuse mäest (tänapäeval <a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%BEebel_Akra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Džebel Akra (pole veel kirjutatud)">Džebel Akra</a>) põhjas kuni <a href="/wiki/Karmel" title="Karmel">Karmeli</a> mäeni lõunas. Tänapäeval kuuluvad kunagise Foiniikia alad <a href="/wiki/Liibanon" title="Liibanon">Liibanonile</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BC%C3%BCria" title="Süüria">Süüriale</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Iisrael" title="Iisrael">Iisraelile</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Antiigileksikon_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Antiigileksikon-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Seda ala asustasid <a href="/wiki/Foiniiklased" title="Foiniiklased">foiniiklased</a>, kes olid sinna rännanud juba väga vanal ajal <a href="/wiki/Punane_meri" title="Punane meri">Punase mere</a> äärest <sup id="cite_ref-Antiigileksikon_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Antiigileksikon-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Arvatakse, et <a href="/wiki/Linnriik" title="Linnriik">linnriigid</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Byblos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Byblos (pole veel kirjutatud)">Byblos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siidon" class="mw-redirect" title="Siidon">Siidon</a> ja <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BC%C3%BCros" class="mw-redirect" title="Tüüros">Tüüros</a> asutati u 3000 a eKr. Eriti on tuntud tillukesel meresaarel asunud Tüüros, mida püüdis korduvalt vallutada <a href="/wiki/Bab%C3%BClon" title="Babülon">Babüloni</a> valitseja <a href="/wiki/Nebukadnetsar_II" title="Nebukadnetsar II">Nebukadnetsar II</a> (<a href="/wiki/T%C3%BC%C3%BCrose_piiramine" title="Tüürose piiramine">Tüürose piiramine</a>), kuid suutis pikka aega säilitada sõltumatuse. </p><p>Linnade vahel arenes konkurents, mis algul pärssis ühistegevust, hiljem asutati ühine pealinn <a href="/wiki/Tripoli_(Liibanon)" title="Tripoli (Liibanon)">Tripoli</a>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:AntikeGriechen1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/AntikeGriechen1.jpg/444px-AntikeGriechen1.jpg" decoding="async" width="444" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/AntikeGriechen1.jpg/666px-AntikeGriechen1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/AntikeGriechen1.jpg/888px-AntikeGriechen1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2836" data-file-height="1616" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Vana-Kreeka" title="Vana-Kreeka">Vana-Kreeka</a> ja Foiniikia kolooniad umbes <a href="/wiki/8._sajand_eKr" title="8. sajand eKr">8.</a> – <a href="/wiki/6._sajand_eKr" title="6. sajand eKr">6. sajandini eKr</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Foiniiklased olid <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meres%C3%B5it&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meresõit (pole veel kirjutatud)">meresõitja</a> rahvas, kes rajas palju <a href="/wiki/Koloonia" title="Koloonia">kolooniaid</a>: esmalt <a href="/wiki/K%C3%BCpros" title="Küpros">Küprosele</a> ning hiljem mujalegi Vahemere rannikule: tänapäeva Lääne-<a href="/wiki/Liib%C3%BCa" title="Liibüa">Liibüa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tuneesia" title="Tuneesia">Tuneesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al%C5%BEeeria" title="Alžeeria">Alžeeria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maroko" title="Maroko">Maroko</a> ja Lõuna-<a href="/wiki/Hispaania" title="Hispaania">Hispaania</a> rannikule, <a href="/wiki/Baleaarid" title="Baleaarid">Baleaaridele</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sardiinia" title="Sardiinia">Sardiiniale</a> ja Lääne-<a href="/wiki/Sitsiilia" title="Sitsiilia">Sitsiiliasse</a>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Heinrich_Kiepert._Asia_citerior.Mare.Internum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Heinrich_Kiepert._Asia_citerior.Mare.Internum.jpg/444px-Heinrich_Kiepert._Asia_citerior.Mare.Internum.jpg" decoding="async" width="444" height="347" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Heinrich_Kiepert._Asia_citerior.Mare.Internum.jpg/666px-Heinrich_Kiepert._Asia_citerior.Mare.Internum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Heinrich_Kiepert._Asia_citerior.Mare.Internum.jpg/888px-Heinrich_Kiepert._Asia_citerior.Mare.Internum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3608" data-file-height="2816" /></a><figcaption>Vahemere idaosa <a href="/wiki/2._sajand_eKr" title="2. sajand eKr">2. sajandil eKr</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Esimene koloniseerimislaine toimus ajavahemikus u <a href="/wiki/13._sajand_eKr" title="13. sajand eKr">1200 aastat eKr</a> – u <a href="/wiki/8._sajand_eKr" title="8. sajand eKr">800 aastat eKr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leptis_Magna" title="Leptis Magna">Leptis Magna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cadiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadiz">Cadiz</a> (Gadir) ja <a href="/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a>. </p><p>Kuulsaim koloonia <a href="/wiki/Kartaago" title="Kartaago">Kartaago</a> rajati <a href="/wiki/815_eKr" class="mw-redirect" title="815 eKr">815 eKr</a> ja see iseseisvus 6. sajandil eKr<sup id="cite_ref-Antiigileksikon_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Antiigileksikon-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Foiniiklaste põhiline jõukuse allikas oli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merekaubandus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merekaubandus (pole veel kirjutatud)">merekaubandus</a>. Igal linnal olid omad mees- ja naissoost jumalad. <a href="/wiki/Foiniiklased" title="Foiniiklased">Foiniiklased</a> koloniseerisid <a href="/wiki/P%C3%B5hja-Aafrika" title="Põhja-Aafrika">Põhja-Aafrika</a> Vahemere-ranniku umbes <a href="/w/index.php?title=1000_eKr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1000 eKr (pole veel kirjutatud)">1000 eKr</a> ning <a href="/wiki/Kartaago" title="Kartaago">Kartaagost</a>, mille nad rajasid <a href="/wiki/800_eKr" class="mw-redirect" title="800 eKr">800 eKr</a>, sai kiiresti <a href="/wiki/Vahemere_maad" title="Vahemere maad">Vahemere maade</a> võimsaim jõukeskus. Allutades <a href="/wiki/Berberid" title="Berberid">berberid</a>, kes moodustasid suurema osa Põhja-Aafrika rahvastikust, said foiniiklased oma võimu alla kogu Aafrika ranniku lääne pool <a href="/w/index.php?title=Surti_laht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Surti laht (pole veel kirjutatud)">Surti lahte</a> ning saavutasid kontrolli Vahemere-kaubanduse üle. See pani aluse nende tohutule rikkusele. </p><p><a href="/wiki/9._sajand_eKr" title="9. sajand eKr">9. sajandist eKr</a> koloniseeriti <a href="/wiki/Sitsiilia" title="Sitsiilia">Sitsiilia</a>, kus 8. sajandil eKr asutati <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motya (pole veel kirjutatud)">Motya</a>, Panormo (<a href="/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a>) ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Solunto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solunto (pole veel kirjutatud)">Solunto</a> ning kolooniad strateegilist tähtsust omanud <a href="/wiki/Lampedusa" title="Lampedusa">Lampedusa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Pantelleria" title="Pantelleria">Pantelleria</a> saartel. <a href="/wiki/Sardiinia" title="Sardiinia">Sardiinial</a> asutati kolooniad 9. sajandist eKr, Nora, Caralis (Cagliari), Bythia, Sulcis, Carloforte ja Tharros. </p><p>Hispaania aladel asutati kolooniad <a href="/wiki/10._sajand_eKr" title="10. sajand eKr">10. sajandist eKr</a> Gades (<a href="/wiki/Cadiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadiz">Cadiz</a>) (u 1110 eKr), Malaka (<a href="/wiki/Malaga" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaga">Malaga</a>), Sexi (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Almunecar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Almunecar (pole veel kirjutatud)">Almunecar</a>), Abdera (<a href="/wiki/Adra" title="Adra">Adra</a>), and Ebusus (<a href="/wiki/Ibiza" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibiza">Ibiza</a>). </p><p>Foiniikia linnades valitses tõenäoliselt <a href="/wiki/Kuningas" title="Kuningas">kuningas</a>. Preesterkonnal poliitilist võimu polnud, riigi juhtimises võisid kaasa rääkida ka <a href="/wiki/Kaubandus" title="Kaubandus">kaubandusega</a> tegelevad ülikud. </p><p>Foiniikiat vallutati korduvalt. Seal võimutsesid <a href="/wiki/Ass%C3%BC%C3%BCria" title="Assüüria">Assüüria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bab%C3%BCloonia" title="Babüloonia">Babüloonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A4rsia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pärsia">Pärsia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Suur" title="Aleksander Suur">Aleksander Suur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ptolemaiosed" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemaiosed">Ptolemaiosed</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seleukiidid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seleukiidid (pole veel kirjutatud)">Seleukiidid</a> ning lõplikult, alates <a href="/wiki/64_eKr" title="64 eKr">64 eKr</a> <a href="/wiki/Rooma_riik" title="Rooma riik">Rooma riik</a>. Kui <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Suur" title="Aleksander Suur">Aleksander Suur</a> selle vallutas, ühendati Tüüros <a href="/wiki/Tamm_(rajatis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamm (rajatis)">tammi</a> abil mandriga ja pärast <a href="/wiki/Aleksandria" title="Aleksandria">Aleksandria</a> rajamist kaotas Tüüros oma tähtsuse.<sup id="cite_ref-Antiigileksikon_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Antiigileksikon-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Foiniikia silmapaistvaim kultuurisaavutus oli maailma esimese <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A4hestik" title="Tähestik">tähestiku</a> leiutamine 2. aastatuhandel eKr. Paljud tänapäeva tähestikud põhinevad mingil määral sellele, kaasa arvatud <a href="/wiki/Kreeka_t%C3%A4hestik" title="Kreeka tähestik">kreeka</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Ladina_t%C3%A4hestik" title="Ladina tähestik">ladina tähestik</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vaata_ka">Vaata ka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foiniikia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Vaata ka"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foiniikia&action=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Vaata ka" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6%C3%B6niks" title="Fööniks">Fööniks</a>, foiniiklaste püha lind</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viited">Viited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foiniikia&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Viited"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foiniikia&action=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Viited" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Antiigileksikon-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Antiigileksikon_1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Antiigileksikon_1-1">1,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Antiigileksikon_1-2">1,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Antiigileksikon_1-3">1,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Antiigileksikon_1-4">1,4</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a href="/wiki/Antiigileksikon" title="Antiigileksikon">Antiigileksikon</a>", 1. kd., lk. 156</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kirjandus">Kirjandus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foiniikia&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Kirjandus"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foiniikia&action=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Kirjandus" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6724296">.mw-parser-output table.side-box{margin:4px 0;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output th.side-box-text,.mw-parser-output td.side-box-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output td.side-box-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output td.side-box-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.side-box a>img{max-width:none!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output table.side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output table.side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output table.side-box-left{margin-right:1em;border-collapse:collapse}}</style><table role="presentation" class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"> <tbody><tr> <td class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></td> <td class="side-box-text">Pildid, videod ja helifailid Commonsis: <b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Phoenicia?uselang=et">Foiniikia</a></b></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_Herm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Herm (pole veel kirjutatud)">Gerhard Herm</a>. "Foiniiklased: antiikaja purpuririik", <a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a> <a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a>. <a href="/wiki/Eri:Raamatuotsimine/9985660943" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9985-66-094-3</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox" style=";;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6393697">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:2px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.15em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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href="/w/index.php?title=Armeenia_kuningriik_(vanaaeg)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armeenia kuningriik (vanaaeg) (pole veel kirjutatud)">Armeenia</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ass%C3%BC%C3%BCria" title="Assüüria">Assüüria</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vana-Ass%C3%BC%C3%BCria_aeg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vana-Assüüria aeg (pole veel kirjutatud)">Vana-Assüüria</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kesk-Ass%C3%BC%C3%BCria_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kesk-Assüüria riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Kesk-Assüüria</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uus-Ass%C3%BC%C3%BCria_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uus-Assüüria riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Uus-Assüüria</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bab%C3%BCloonia" title="Babüloonia">Babüloonia</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vana-Bab%C3%BCloonia_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vana-Babüloonia riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Vana-Babüloonia</a> <b>·</b>  <a 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title="Hetid">Hettide</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/India_ajalugu" title="India ajalugu">India</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanda_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanda riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Nanda</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurya_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maurya riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Maurya</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satavahana_d%C3%BCnastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satavahana dünastia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Satavahana</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shunga_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shunga riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Shunga</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ku%C5%A1aani_riik" title="Kušaani riik">Kušaani</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Guptade_riik" title="Guptade riik">Guptade</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Har%C5%A1avardhana" title="Haršavardhana">Haršavardhana</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Iraani_rahvad" title="Iraani rahvad">Iraani</a> (<a 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riik">Asteekide</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Benini_kuningriik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benini kuningriik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Benini</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanem-Bornu_Riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanem-Bornu Riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Bornu</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brunei_sultanaat_(1368%E2%80%931888)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brunei sultanaat (1368–1888) (pole veel kirjutatud)">Brunei</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bulgaaria_tsaaririik" title="Bulgaaria tsaaririik">Bulgaaria</a> (<a href="/wiki/Esimene_Bulgaaria_tsaaririik" title="Esimene Bulgaaria tsaaririik">Esimene</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Teine_Bulgaaria_tsaaririik" title="Teine Bulgaaria tsaaririik">Teine</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Calakmul" title="Calakmul">Calakmuli</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kalifaat" title="Kalifaat">Kalifaat</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rashiduni_kalifaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rashiduni kalifaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Rashiduni</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ummaijaadide_Kalifaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ummaijaadide Kalifaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Ummaijaadide</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Abbassiidide_kalifaat" title="Abbassiidide kalifaat">Abbasiidide</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Fatimiidide_kalifaat" title="Fatimiidide kalifaat">Fatimiidide</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hiina_ajalugu#Keisririigi_aeg_(221_eKr_–_1911_pKr)" title="Hiina ajalugu">Hiina</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sui_d%C3%BCnastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sui dünastia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Sui</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tangi_d%C3%BCnastia" title="Tangi dünastia">Tangi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liao_d%C3%BCnastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liao dünastia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Liao</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Songi_d%C3%BCnastia" title="Songi dünastia">Songi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Jini_d%C3%BCnastia_(1115%E2%80%931234)" title="Jini dünastia (1115–1234)">Jini</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Yuani_d%C3%BCnastia" title="Yuani dünastia">Yuani</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uiguuri_khaaniriik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uiguuri khaaniriik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Uiguuri</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Etioopia_Keisririik" title="Etioopia Keisririik">Etioopia</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zagwe_d%C3%BCnastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zagwe dünastia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Zagwe</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salomoni_d%C3%BCnastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salomoni dünastia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Salomoni</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Genova_vabariik" title="Genova vabariik">Genova</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gruusia_kuningriik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gruusia kuningriik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Gruusia</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Garabito_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garabito riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Garabito</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Inkade_riik" title="Inkade riik">Inkade</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/India_ajalugu" title="India ajalugu">India</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chola_d%C3%BCnastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chola dünastia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Chola</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gurjara-Pratihara_d%C3%BCnastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gurjara-Pratihara dünastia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Gurjara-Pratihara</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pala_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pala riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Pala</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ida-Ganga_d%C3%BCnastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ida-Ganga dünastia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Ida-Ganga dünastia</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Delhi_sultanaat" title="Delhi sultanaat">Delhi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vijayanagara_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vijayanagara riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Vijayanagara</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Iraani_rahvad" title="Iraani rahvad">Iraani</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tahiriidide_d%C3%BCnastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tahiriidide dünastia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Tahiriidide</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saffariidide_d%C3%BCnastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saffariidide dünastia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Saffariidid</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samaniidide_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samaniidide riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Samaniidid</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Buyiidide_d%C3%BCnastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buyiidide dünastia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Buyiidid</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanem-Bornu_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanem-Bornu riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Kanemi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Angkori_impeerium" title="Angkori impeerium">Angkori</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ladina_keisririik" title="Ladina keisririik">Ladina</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Majapahit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majapahit (pole veel kirjutatud)">Majapahiti</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malacca_sultanaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malacca sultanaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Malacca</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Mali_riik" title="Mali riik">Mali</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Mamelukkide_riik" title="Mamelukkide riik">Mamelukkide</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Mongolite_riik" title="Mongolite riik">Mongolite</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yuani_d%C3%BCnastia" title="Yuani dünastia">Yuani</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kuldhord" title="Kuldhord">Kuldhord</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chagatai_khaaniriik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chagatai khaaniriik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Chagatai</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hulagiidid" title="Hulagiidid">Ilkhanaat</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Maroko_ajalugu" title="Maroko ajalugu">Maroko</a> (<a href="/wiki/Idrisiidide_d%C3%BCnastia" title="Idrisiidide dünastia">Idrissiidide</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Almoraviidide_d%C3%BCnastia" title="Almoraviidide dünastia">Almoraviidide</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Almohaadide_riik" title="Almohaadide riik">Almohaadide</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mariniidide_sultanaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mariniidide sultanaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Mariniidide</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/P%C3%B5hjamere_impeerium" title="Põhjamere impeerium">Põhjamere</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Oyo_kuningriik" title="Oyo kuningriik">Oyo</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Rooma_keisririik" title="Rooma keisririik">Rooma</a> (<a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCtsants" title="Bütsants">Ida</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Nikaia_keisririik" title="Nikaia keisririik">Nikaia</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thessalonica_keisririik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thessalonica keisririik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Thessalonica</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Trapezundi_keisririik" title="Trapezundi keisririik">Trapezundi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Karolingide_impeerium" title="Karolingide impeerium">Karolingide</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Saksa-Rooma_riik" title="Saksa-Rooma riik">Saksa-Rooma</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Serbia_tsaaririik" title="Serbia tsaaririik">Serbia</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Singhasari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Singhasari (pole veel kirjutatud)">Singhasari</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Somaalia_ajalugu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Somaalia ajalugu (pole veel kirjutatud)">Somaali</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajurani_sultanaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ajurani sultanaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Ajurani</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ifati_sultanaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ifati sultanaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Ifati</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adali_sultanaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adali sultanaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Adali</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mogadishu_sultanaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mogadishu sultanaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Mogadishu</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tunni_sultanaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tunni sultanaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Tunni</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Songhai_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Songhai riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Songhai</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Srivijaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Srivijaya (pole veel kirjutatud)">Srivijaya</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiibeti_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tiibeti riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Tiibeti</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tikal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tikal (pole veel kirjutatud)">Tikali</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiwanaku_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tiwanaku riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Tiwanku</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolteci_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tolteci riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Tolteci</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turgi-p%C3%A4rsia_kultuur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turgi-pärsia kultuur (pole veel kirjutatud)">Turgi-pärsia</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghaznaviidid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghaznaviidid (pole veel kirjutatud)">Ghaznaviidide</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Seld%C5%BEukkide_riik" title="Seldžukkide riik">Seldžukkide</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Horezmi_riik" title="Horezmi riik">Horezmi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timuriidide_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timuriidide riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Timuriidide</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Veneetsia_vabariik" title="Veneetsia vabariik">Veneetsia</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vietnami_ajalugu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vietnami ajalugu (pole veel kirjutatud)">Vietnami</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_Vi%E1%BB%87t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Đại Việt (pole veel kirjutatud)">Đại Việt</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ghana_riik" title="Ghana riik">Wagadou</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wari_Riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wari Riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Wari</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Jaapani_ajalugu" title="Jaapani ajalugu">Jaapani</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamato_ajaj%C3%A4rk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yamato ajajärk (pole veel kirjutatud)">Yamato</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamakura_%C5%A1hogunaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamakura šhogunaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Kamakura</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashikaga_%C5%A1ogunaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashikaga šogunaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Muromachi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_%C5%A1ogunaat" title="Tokugawa šogunaat">Edo</a>)</div> </td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inimajalugu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inimajalugu (pole veel kirjutatud)">Kaasaeg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <p><a href="/wiki/Durrani_riik" title="Durrani riik">Afgaani</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashanti_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashanti riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Ashanti</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Austria_keisririik" title="Austria keisririik">Austria</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Austria-Ungari" title="Austria-Ungari">Austria-Ungari</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Brasiilia_Keisririik" title="Brasiilia Keisririik">Brasiilia</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kesk-Aafrika_keisririik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kesk-Aafrika keisririik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Kesk-Aafrika</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kalifaat" title="Kalifaat">Kalifaat</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mamelukkide_riik" title="Mamelukkide riik">Mamelukkide</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Osmanite_riik" title="Osmanite riik">Osmanite</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hiina_ajalugu#Keisririigi_aeg_(221_eKr_–_1911_pKr)" title="Hiina ajalugu">Hiina</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mingi_d%C3%BCnastia" title="Mingi dünastia">Mingi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Qingi_d%C3%BCnastia" title="Qingi dünastia">Qingi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hiina_keisririik_(1915%E2%80%931916)" title="Hiina keisririik (1915–1916)">Hiina</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Mand%C5%BEukuo" title="Mandžukuo">Mandžukuo</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Etioopia_Keisririik" title="Etioopia Keisririik">Etioopia</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haiti_ajalugu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haiti ajalugu (pole veel kirjutatud)">Haiti</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Esimene_Haiti_keisririik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esimene Haiti keisririik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Esimene</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teine_Haiti_keisririik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teine Haiti keisririik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Teine</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prantsusmaa_ajalugu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prantsusmaa ajalugu (pole veel kirjutatud)">Prantsuse</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prantsuse_esimene_keisririik" title="Prantsuse esimene keisririik">Esimene</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Prantsuse_teine_keisririik" title="Prantsuse teine keisririik">Teine</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Saksamaa_ajalugu" title="Saksamaa ajalugu">Saksa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Saksa_keisririik" title="Saksa keisririik">Saksa</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kolmas_riik" title="Kolmas riik">Natsi</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/India_ajalugu" title="India ajalugu">India</a> (<a href="/wiki/Suurmogulite_riik" title="Suurmogulite riik">Suurmogulite</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mysore_kuningriik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mysore kuningriik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Mysore</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sikhi_riik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sikhi riik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Sikhi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Maratha_konf%C3%B6deratsioon" title="Maratha konföderatsioon">Maratha</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Briti_India" title="Briti India">Briti India</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Iraani_rahvad" title="Iraani rahvad">Iraani</a> (<a href="/wiki/Safaviidide_Iraan" title="Safaviidide Iraan">Safaviidide</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Afshariidide_d%C3%BCnastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afshariidide dünastia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Afshariidide</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zandi_d%C3%BCnastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zandi dünastia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Zandi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qajari_Iraan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qajari Iraan (pole veel kirjutatud)">Qajari</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahlavi_d%C3%BCnastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pahlavi dünastia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Pahlavi</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Jaapani_Keisririik" title="Jaapani Keisririik">Jaapani</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johori_sultanaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johori sultanaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Johori</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Korea_Keisririik" title="Korea Keisririik">Korea</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehhiko_ajalugu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mehhiko ajalugu (pole veel kirjutatud)">Mehhiko</a> (<a href="/wiki/Esimene_Mehhiko_Keisririik" title="Esimene Mehhiko Keisririik">Esimene</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teine_Mehhiko_keisririik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teine Mehhiko keisririik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Teine</a>)  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Maroko_ajalugu" title="Maroko ajalugu">Maroko</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saadi_sultanaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saadi sultanaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Saadi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alaviidide_d%C3%BCnastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alaviidide dünastia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Alaviidide</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Venemaa_Keisririik" title="Venemaa Keisririik">Vene</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Somaalia_ajalugu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Somaalia ajalugu (pole veel kirjutatud)">Somaali</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Geledi_sultanaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geledi sultanaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Geledi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Habr_Yunise_sultanaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" 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href="/w/index.php?title=Vietnami_ajalugu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vietnami ajalugu (pole veel kirjutatud)">Vietnami</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%E1%BB%85ni_d%C3%BCnastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyễni dünastia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Nguyễni</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Vietnami_keisririik" class="mw-redirect" title="Vietnami keisririik">Vietnami</a>) </p> </div><table class="navbox-subgroup" style=";;border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Koloniaalimpeeriumid" title="Koloniaalimpeeriumid">Koloniaalimpeeriumid</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Kolonialism" title="Kolonialism">Ameerika Ühendriikide</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Belgia_koloniaalimpeerium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belgia koloniaalimpeerium (pole veel kirjutatud)">Belgia</a> <b>·</b>  <a 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