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treatments</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: heat treatments"> <meta name="keywords" content="heat treatments"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="heat treatments"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4694</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: heat treatments</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4694</span> Comparative Study on the Precipitation Behavior in Two Al-Mg Alloys (Al-12 wt. % Mg and Al-8 wt. % Mg)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Amrane">C. Amrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Haman"> D. Haman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aluminum-magnesium alloys are widely used in industry thanks to their mechanical properties and corrosion resistivity. These properties are related to the magnesium content and to the applied heat treatments. Although they are already well studied, questions concerning the microstructural stability and the effect of different heat treatments are still being asked. In this work we have presented a comparative study on the behavior of the precipitation reactions during different heat treatment in two different Al-Mg alloys (Al–8 wt. % Mg and Al–12 wt. % Mg). For this purpose, we have used various experimental techniques as dilatometry, calorimetry, optical microscopy, and microhardness measurements. The obtained results shown that, the precipitation kinetics and the mechanical responses to the applied heat treatments, of the two studied alloys, are different. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Mg%20alloys" title="Al-Mg alloys">Al-Mg alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precipitation" title=" precipitation"> precipitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness" title=" hardness"> hardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatments" title=" heat treatments"> heat treatments</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15618/comparative-study-on-the-precipitation-behavior-in-two-al-mg-alloys-al-12-wt-mg-and-al-8-wt-mg" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15618.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4693</span> Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructural Evolution in Weld Region of X70 Pipeline Steel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Digheche">K. Digheche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Saadi"> K. Saadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Boumerzoug"> Z. Boumerzoug</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Welding is one of the most important technological processes used in many branches of industry such as industrial engineering, shipbuilding, pipeline fabrication among others. Generally, welding is the preferred joining method and most common steels are weldable. This investigation is a contribution to scientific work of welding of low carbon steel. This work presents the results of the isothermal heat treatment effect at 200, 400 and 600 °C on microstructural evolution in weld region of X70 pipeline steel. The welding process has been realized in three passes by industrial arc welding. We have found that the heat treatments cause grain growth reaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatments" title="heat treatments">heat treatments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20carbon%20steel" title=" low carbon steel"> low carbon steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructures" title=" microstructures"> microstructures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding" title=" welding"> welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18352/effect-of-heat-treatment-on-the-microstructural-evolution-in-weld-region-of-x70-pipeline-steel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18352.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4692</span> Comparative Rumen Degradable and Rumen Undegradable Fractions in Untreated, Formaldehyde and Heat Treated Vegetable Protein Sources of Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Illahi%20Bakhsh%20Marghazani">Illahi Bakhsh Marghazani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasrullah"> Nasrullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masood%20Ul%20Haq%20Kakar"> Masood Ul Haq Kakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Hameed%20Baloch"> Abdul Hameed Baloch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Nawaz%20Khoso"> Ahmad Nawaz Khoso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behram%20Chacher"> Behram Chacher</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Protein sources are the major part of ration fed to dairy buffaloes in Pakistan however, the limited availability and lack of judicious use of protein resources are further aggravating the conditions to enhance milk and meat production. In order to gain maximum production from limited protein source availability, it is necessary to balance feed for rumen degradable and rumen undegradable protein fractions. This study planned to know the rumen degradable and rumen undegradable fractions in all vegetable protein sources with (formaldehyde and heat treatment) and without treatments. Samples of soybean meal, corn gluten meal 60%, maize gluten feed, guar meal, sunflower meal, rapeseed meal, rapeseed cake, canola meal, cottonseed cake, cottonseed meal, coconut cake, coconut meal, palm kernel cake, almond cake and sesame cake were collected from ten different geographical locations of Pakistan. These samples were also subjected to formaldehyde (1% /100g CP of test feed) and heat treatments (1 hr at 15 lb psi/100 g CP of test feed). In situ technique was used to know the ruminal degradability characteristics. Data obtained were fitted to Orskove equation. Results showed that both treatments significantly (P < 0.05) decreased ruminal degradability in all vegetable protein sources than untreated vegetable protein sources, however, of both treatments, heat treatment was more effective than formaldehyde treatment in decreasing ruminal degradability in most of the studied vegetable protein sources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formaldehyde%20and%20heat%20treatments" title="formaldehyde and heat treatments">formaldehyde and heat treatments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20situ%20technique" title=" in situ technique"> in situ technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rumen%20degradable%20and%20rumen%20undegradable%20fractions" title=" rumen degradable and rumen undegradable fractions"> rumen degradable and rumen undegradable fractions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetable%20protein%20sources" title=" vegetable protein sources"> vegetable protein sources</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58814/comparative-rumen-degradable-and-rumen-undegradable-fractions-in-untreated-formaldehyde-and-heat-treated-vegetable-protein-sources-of-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58814.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4691</span> Use of Thermosonication to Obtain Minimally Processed Mosambi Juice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruby%20Siwach">Ruby Siwach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manish%20Kumar"> Manish Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raman%20Seth"> Raman Seth</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Extent of inactivation of pectin methylesterase (PME) in mosambi juice during thermal and thermosonication treatments was studied to obtain a minimally processed product. Effect of both treatments on cloud value, pH, titratable acidity, oBrix, and sensory attributes (flavour and taste) was studied. Thermal treatments (HT) were carried out at three temperatures 60, 70, and 80°C in a serological water bath for 5, 10, 15, and 20 min at each temperature. Thermosonication treatments (TS) were also given for same time-temperature combinations in water bath of a thermosonicator. Treated samples were stored in a deep freezer at 18°C for PME assay. PME activity of untreated sample was also assayed and residual PME activity and % loss in PME activity was calculated at each time-temperature combination. The extent of inactivation of PME increased with increase in treatment temperature and duration. Thermosonication treatments were found far more effective than thermal treatments of same time temperature combination in PME inactivation and retention of sensory attributes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pectin%20methylesterase" title="pectin methylesterase">pectin methylesterase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20inactivation%20kinetics" title=" heat inactivation kinetics"> heat inactivation kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermosonication" title=" thermosonication"> thermosonication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20treatment" title=" thermal treatment"> thermal treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1839/use-of-thermosonication-to-obtain-minimally-processed-mosambi-juice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1839.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4690</span> Tetraploid Induction in the Yellowtail Tetra Astyanax altiparanae</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nivaldo%20Ferreira%20do%20Nascimento">Nivaldo Ferreira do Nascimento</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matheus%20Pereira-Santos"> Matheus Pereira-Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nycolas%20Levy-Pereira"> Nycolas Levy-Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Augusto%20Senhorini"> José Augusto Senhorini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Shigueki%20Yasui"> George Shigueki Yasui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Satiko%20Okada%20Nakaghi"> Laura Satiko Okada Nakaghi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tetraploid individuals, which could produce diploid gametes, can be used for production of 100% triploid fish. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a tetraploidization protocol for A. altiparanae. We tested the effect of heat shock (40 °C; 2 min) at 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 and 26 minutes post fertilization (mpf). Untreated eggs were used as control. After hatching, ploidy status of the larvae was checked by flow cytometry. No difference were observed for the hatching rate between all treatments (P = 0.5974). However, we observed an increase in the larval abnormality in the heat shock treatments, in special at 22 (82.17 ± 6.66%) 24 (78.31 ±7.28%) and 26 mpf (79.01 ± 7.85%) in comparison with the control group (12.87 ± 4.46%). No tetraploid was observed at 16 and 18 mpf. The higher number of tetraploid individuals (52/55) was observed at 26 mpf. Our results showed that high percentages of tetraploids are obtained by heat shock (40°C; 2min) at 26 mpf, which could enable the mass production of triploid individuals in A. altiparanae. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromosome%20manipulation" title="chromosome manipulation">chromosome manipulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyploidy" title=" polyploidy"> polyploidy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20cytometry" title=" flow cytometry"> flow cytometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tetraploidization" title=" tetraploidization"> tetraploidization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70446/tetraploid-induction-in-the-yellowtail-tetra-astyanax-altiparanae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70446.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4689</span> Simulation of Immiscibility Regions in Sodium Borosilicate Glasses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djamila%20Aboutaleb">Djamila Aboutaleb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brahim%20Safi"> Brahim Safi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, sodium borosilicates glasses were prepared by melting in air. These heat-resistant transparent glasses have subjected subsequently isothermal treatments at different times, which have transformed them at opaque glass (milky white color). Such changes indicate that these glasses showed clearly phase separation (immiscibility). The immiscibility region in a sodium borosilicate ternary system was investigated in this work, i.e. to determine the regions from which some compositions can show phase separation. For this we went through the conditions of thermodynamic equilibrium, which were translated later by mathematical equations to find an approximate solution. The latter has been translated in a simulation which was established thereafter to find the immiscibility regions in this type of special glasses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20borosilicate" title="sodium borosilicate">sodium borosilicate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat-resistant" title=" heat-resistant"> heat-resistant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isothermal%20treatments" title=" isothermal treatments"> isothermal treatments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immiscibility" title=" immiscibility"> immiscibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamics" title=" thermodynamics"> thermodynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6617/simulation-of-immiscibility-regions-in-sodium-borosilicate-glasses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6617.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4688</span> Influence of Post Weld Heat Treatment on Mechanical and Metallurgical Properties of TIG Welded Aluminium Alloy Joints</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurmeet%20Singh%20Cheema">Gurmeet Singh Cheema</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navjotinder%20Singh"> Navjotinder Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurjinder%20Singh"> Gurjinder Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amardeep%20Singh"> Amardeep Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aluminium and its alloys play have excellent corrosion resistant properties, ease of fabrication and high specific strength to weight ratio. In this investigation an attempt has been made to study the effect of different post weld heat treatment methods on the mechanical and metallurgical properties of TIG welded joints of the commercial aluminium alloy. Three different methods of post weld heat treatments are, solution heat treatment, artificial aged and combination of solution heat treatment and artificial aging are given to TIG welded aluminium joints. Mechanical and metallurgical properties of as welded and post weld treated joints of the aluminium alloys was examined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminium%20alloys" title="aluminium alloys">aluminium alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TIG%20welding" title=" TIG welding"> TIG welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post%20weld%20heat%20treatment" title=" post weld heat treatment"> post weld heat treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14625/influence-of-post-weld-heat-treatment-on-mechanical-and-metallurgical-properties-of-tig-welded-aluminium-alloy-joints" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14625.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">575</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4687</span> Effect of Different Levels of Vitamin E and L-Carnitine on Performance of Broiler Chickens Under Heat Stress</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Salari">S. Salari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Shirali"> M. A. Shirali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Tabatabaei"> S. Tabatabaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Sari"> M. Sari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Jahanian"> R. Jahanian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different levels of vitamin E and L-carnitine on performance, blood parameters and immune responses of broilers under heat stress. For this purpose 396 one- day- old Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly distributed between 9 treatments with 4 replicates (11 birds in each replicate). Dietary treatments consisted of three levels of vitamin E (0, 100 and 200 mg/ kg) and three levels of L-carnitine (0, 50 and 100 mg/ kg) that was done in completely randomized design with 3X3 factorial arrangement for 42 days. During the first three weeks, chickens were reared at normal temperature. From the beginning of the fourth week, all chickens were maintenance in a temperature range from 24-38 ° C for heat stress. Performance parameters including average feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were recorded weekly. The results showed that the levels of vitamin E had no significant effect on feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio during the experiment. The use of L-carnitine decreased feed intake during the experiment (P < 0/05). But did not affect average daily gain and feed conversion ratio. Also, there was not significant interaction between vitamin E and L-carnitine for performance parameters except average daily gain during the starter period. The results of this study indicate that the use of different levels of vitamin E and L-carnitine under heat stress did not affected performance parameters of broiler chickens. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broiler" title="broiler">broiler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20stress" title=" heat stress"> heat stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=l-carnitine" title=" l-carnitine"> l-carnitine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance "> performance </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26558/effect-of-different-levels-of-vitamin-e-and-l-carnitine-on-performance-of-broiler-chickens-under-heat-stress" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26558.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">481</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4686</span> Performance Evaluation of Extruded-type Heat sinks Used in Inverter for Solar Power Generation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung%20Hyun%20Kim">Jung Hyun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gyo%20Woo%20Lee"> Gyo Woo Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, heat release performances of the three extruded-type heat sinks can be used in the inverter for solar power generation were evaluated. Numbers of fins in the heat sinks (namely E-38, E-47 and E-76) were 38, 47 and 76, respectively. Heat transfer areas of them were 1.8, 1.9 and 2.8 m2. The heat release performances of E-38, E-47, and E-76 heat sinks were measured as 79.6, 81.6, and 83.2%, respectively. The results of heat release performance show that the larger amount of heat transfer area the higher heat release rate. While on the other, in this experiment, variations of the mass flow rates caused by different cross-sectional areas of the three heat sinks may not be the major parameter of the heat release. Despite the 47.4% increment of heat transfer area of E-76 heat sink than that of E-47 one, its heat release rate was higher by only 2.0%; this suggests that its heat transfer area need to be optimized. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20Inverter" title="solar Inverter">solar Inverter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20sink" title=" heat sink"> heat sink</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forced%20convection" title=" forced convection"> forced convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20evaluation" title=" performance evaluation"> performance evaluation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3314/performance-evaluation-of-extruded-type-heat-sinks-used-in-inverter-for-solar-power-generation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3314.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">467</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4685</span> Effects of Heat Treatment on the Elastic Constants of Cedar Wood</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tugba%20Yilmaz%20Aydin">Tugba Yilmaz Aydin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ergun%20Guntekin"> Ergun Guntekin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Aydin"> Murat Aydin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Effects of heat treatment on the elastic constants of cedar wood (Cedrus libani) were investigated. Specimens were exposed to heat under atmospheric pressure at four different temperatures (120, 150, 180, 210 °C) and three different time levels (2, 5, 8 hours). Three Young’s modulus (EL, ER, ET) and six Poisson ratios (μLR, μLT, μRL, μRT, μTL, μTR) were determined from compression test using bi-axial extensometer at constant moisture content (12 %). Three shear modulus were determined using ultrasound. Six shear wave velocities propagating along the principal axes of anisotropy were measured using EPOCH 650 ultrasonic flaw detector with 1 MHz transverse transducers. The properties of the samples tested were significantly affected by heat treatment by different degree. As a result, softer treatments yielded some amount of increase in Young modulus and shear modulus values, but increase of time and temperature resulted in significant decrease for both values. Poisson ratios seemed insensitive to heat treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cedar%20wood" title="cedar wood">cedar wood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20constants" title=" elastic constants"> elastic constants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatment" title=" heat treatment"> heat treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50445/effects-of-heat-treatment-on-the-elastic-constants-of-cedar-wood" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50445.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4684</span> Numerical Study of Heat Release of the Symmetrically Arranged Extruded-Type Heat Sinks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Man%20Young%20Kim">Man Young Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gyo%20Woo%20Lee"> Gyo Woo Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this numerical study, we want to present the design of highly efficient extruded-type heat sink. The symmetrically arranged extruded-type heat sinks are used instead of a single extruded or swaged-type heat sink. In this parametric study, the maximum temperatures, the base temperatures between heaters, and the heat release rates were investigated with respect to the arrangements of heat sources, air flow rates, and amounts of heat input. Based on the results we believe that the use of both side of heat sink is to be much better for release the heat than the use of single side. Also from the results, it is believed that the symmetric arrangement of heat sources is recommended to achieve a higher heat transfer from the heat sink. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20sink" title="heat sink">heat sink</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forced%20convection" title=" forced convection"> forced convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20evaluation" title=" performance evaluation"> performance evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symmetrical%20arrangement" title=" symmetrical arrangement "> symmetrical arrangement </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16199/numerical-study-of-heat-release-of-the-symmetrically-arranged-extruded-type-heat-sinks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16199.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4683</span> Efficacy of Vitamins A, C and E on the Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens Subjected to Heat Stress</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Desierin%20Rodrin">Desierin Rodrin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magdalena%20Alcantara"> Magdalena Alcantara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristina%20Olo"> Cristina Olo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increase in environmental temperatures brought about by climate change impacts negatively the growth performance of broilers that may be solved by manipulating the diet of the animals. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different vitamin supplements on the growth performance of broiler chickens subjected to ambient (31°C) and heat stress (34°C) temperatures. The treatments were: I- Control (no vitamin supplement), II- Vitamin A (4.5 mg/kg of feed), III- Vitamin C (250 mg/kg of feed), IV- Vitamin E (250 mg/kg of feed), V- Vitamin C and E (250 mg/kg of feed and 250 mg/kg of feed), VI- Vitamin A and E (4.5 mg/kg of feed and 250 mg/kg of feed), VII- Vitamin A and C (4.5 mg/kg of feed and 250 mg/kg of feed), and VIII- Vitamin A, C and E (4.5 mg/kg of feed, 250 mg/kg of feed and 250 mg/kg of feed). The birds (n=240) were distributed randomly into eight treatments replicated three times, with each replicates having five birds. Ambient temperature was maintained using a 25 watts bulb for every 20 birds, while heat stress condition was sustained at 34°C for about 9 hours daily by using a 50 watts bulb per 5 birds. The interaction of vitamin supplements and temperatures did not significantly (P>0.05) affected body weight, average daily gain, feed consumption and feed conversion efficiency throughout the growing period. Similarly, supplementation of different vitamins did not improve (P>0.05) the overall production performance of birds throughout the rearing period. Birds raised in heat stress (34°C) condition had significantly lower ((P<0.05) body weight, average daily gain, and feed consumption compared to birds raised in ambient temperature at weeks 3, 4 and 5 of rearing. Supplementation of vitamins A, C, and E in the diet of broilers did not alleviate the effect of heat stress in the growth performance of broilers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broiler%20growth%20performance" title="broiler growth performance">broiler growth performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20stress" title=" heat stress"> heat stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20supplementation" title=" vitamin supplementation"> vitamin supplementation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20A" title=" vitamin A"> vitamin A</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20C" title=" vitamin C"> vitamin C</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20E" title=" vitamin E"> vitamin E</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68238/efficacy-of-vitamins-a-c-and-e-on-the-growth-performance-of-broiler-chickens-subjected-to-heat-stress" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68238.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4682</span> Effect of Flow Holes on Heat Release Performance of Extruded-Type Heat Sink</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung%20Hyun%20Kim">Jung Hyun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gyo%20Woo%20Lee"> Gyo Woo Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the enhancement of the heat release performance of an extruded-type heat sink to prepare the large-capacity solar inverter thru the flow holes in the base plate near the heat sources was investigated. Optimal location and number of the holes in the baseplate were determined by using a commercial computation program. The heat release performance of the shape-modified heat sink was measured experimentally and compared with that of the simulation. The heat sink with 12 flow holes in the 18-mm-thick base plate has a 8.1% wider heat transfer area, a 2.5% more mass flow of air, and a 2.7% higher heat release rate than those of the original heat sink. Also, the surface temperature of the base plate was lowered 1.5°C by the holes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20sink" title="heat sink">heat sink</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forced%20convection" title=" forced convection"> forced convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20evaluation" title=" performance evaluation"> performance evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20holes" title=" flow holes"> flow holes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8516/effect-of-flow-holes-on-heat-release-performance-of-extruded-type-heat-sink" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8516.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">533</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4681</span> Influence of Thermal Processing Methods on Antinutrient of Artocarpus heterophyllus Seeds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marina%20Zulkifli">Marina Zulkifli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Faizal%20Mashhod"> Mohd Faizal Mashhod</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noriham%20Abdullah"> Noriham Abdullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to determine the antinutrient compounds of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) seeds as affected by thermal processes. Two types of heat treatments were applied namely boiling and microwave cooking. Results of this study showed that boiling caused a significant decrease in phytate content (30.01%), oxalate content (33.22%), saponin content (35.69%) and tannin content (44.58%) as compared to microwave cooking and raw seed. The percentage loss of antinutrient compounds in microwaved seed was: phytate 24.58%, oxalate 27.28%, saponin 16.50% and tannin 32.21%. Hence, these findings suggested that boiling is an effective treatment to reduce the level of toxic compounds in foods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jackfruit" title="jackfruit">jackfruit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatments" title=" heat treatments"> heat treatments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antinutrient%20compounds" title=" antinutrient compounds"> antinutrient compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20processing" title=" thermal processing"> thermal processing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14651/influence-of-thermal-processing-methods-on-antinutrient-of-artocarpus-heterophyllus-seeds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14651.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4680</span> Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Instruments: The Evolution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadwa%20Chtioui">Fadwa Chtioui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The field of endodontics has witnessed constant advancements in treatment methods and instrument design, particularly for nickel-titanium (NiTi) files. Despite these developments, it remains crucial for clinicians to have a thorough understanding of their characteristics and behavior to choose the appropriate instruments for different clinical and anatomical situations. Research Aim: The aim of this work is to study and discuss the impact of heat treatment developments on the properties of endodontic NiTi files, with the ultimate goal of providing ways to adapt these files to the anatomical features of dental roots. Methodology: This study involves both clinical cases and extensive bibliographic research. Findings: The study highlights the importance of heat treatment in the design and manufacture of NiTi files, as it significantly affects their physical and mechanical properties. It also provides insights into the ways in which NiTi files can be adapted to the complex geometries of dental roots for more effective endodontic treatments. Theoretical Importance: Theoretical implications of this study include a better understanding of the relationship between heat treatment and the properties of NiTi files, leading to improvements in both their manufacturing methods and clinical applications. Data Collection and Analysis Procedures: The data for this study was collected through clinical cases and an extensive review of relevant literature. Analysis was performed through qualitative and quantitative methods, examining the impact of heat treatment on the physical and mechanical properties of NiTi files. Questions Addressed: This study aims to answer questions concerning the properties of NiTi files and the impact of heat treatment on their behavior. It also seeks to examine ways in which these files can be adapted to complex dental root geometries for more effective endodontic treatments. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study emphasizes the importance of heat treatment in the design and manufacture of NiTi files, as it significantly impacts their physical and mechanical properties. Further research is necessary to explore additional methods for adapting NiTi files to the unique anatomies of dental roots to improve endodontic treatments further. Ultimately, this study provides valuable insights into the continued evolution of endodontic treatment and instrument design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endodontic%20files" title="endodontic files">endodontic files</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nickel-titanium" title=" nickel-titanium"> nickel-titanium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tooth%20anatomy" title=" tooth anatomy"> tooth anatomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatment" title=" heat treatment"> heat treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164719/nickel-titanium-endodontic-instruments-the-evolution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164719.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4679</span> Effect of High-Pressure and Thermal Treatments on Quality Markers of Strawberry Nectars</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20Louise%20Lacey">Karen Louise Lacey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dario%20Javier%20Pavon%20Vargas"> Dario Javier Pavon Vargas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Massimiliano%20Rinaldi"> Massimiliano Rinaldi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luca%20Cattani"> Luca Cattani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Rainieri"> Sara Rainieri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effects of high-pressure processing (HPP) and thermal treatments (TT) on quality markers of strawberry nectar (12 °Brix, 3,3 pH) was studied before and after treatments. TT and HPP treatments ensured a 3-log aerobic bacteria inactivation. No significant difference was detected in terms of pH and °Brix. TT samples were less red (a* less positive) than all HPP treated samples, while all samples were less red than the control. Apparent viscosity was significantly increased in all the HPP treatments, at 10 1/s shear rate, control was 79.04±7.94 mPa•s and the 600 MPa-20 min treatment were 327.10±1.64 mPa•s. This work suggests that HPP treatments may maintain the quality markers of strawberry nectar better. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HPP" title="HPP">HPP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strawberry%20nectar" title=" strawberry nectar"> strawberry nectar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colour" title=" colour "> colour </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscosity" title="viscosity">viscosity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147906/effect-of-high-pressure-and-thermal-treatments-on-quality-markers-of-strawberry-nectars" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147906.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4678</span> Enhancement of Hardness Related Properties of Grey Cast Iron Powder Reinforced AA7075 Metal Matrix Composites Through T6 and T8 Heat Treatments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20S.%20Sharma">S. S. Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20R.%20Prabhu"> P. R. Prabhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Jagannath"> K. Jagannath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Achutha%20Kini%20U."> Achutha Kini U.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gowri%20Shankar%20M.%20C."> Gowri Shankar M. C. </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In present global scenario, aluminum alloys are coining the attention of many innovators as competing structural materials for automotive and space applications. Comparing to other challenging alloys, especially, 7xxx series aluminum alloys have been studied seriously because of their benefits such as moderate strength; better deforming characteristics, excellent chemical decay resistance, and affordable cost. 7075 Al-alloys have been used in the transportation industry for the fabrication of several types of automobile parts, such as wheel covers, panels and structures. It is expected that substitution of such aluminum alloys for steels will result in great improvements in energy economy, durability and recyclability. However, it is necessary to improve the strength and the formability levels at low temperatures in aluminium alloys for still better applications. Aluminum–Zinc–Magnesium with or without other wetting agent denoted as 7XXX series alloys are medium strength heat treatable alloys. Cu, Mn and Si are the other solute elements which contribute for the improvement in mechanical properties achievable by selecting and tailoring the suitable heat treatment process. On subjecting to suitable treatments like age hardening or cold deformation assisted heat treatments, known as low temperature thermomechanical treatments (LTMT) the challenging properties might be incorporated. T6 is the age hardening or precipitation hardening process with artificial aging cycle whereas T8 comprises of LTMT treatment aged artificially with X% cold deformation. When the cold deformation is provided after solution treatment, there is increase in hardness related properties such as wear resistance, yield and ultimate strength, toughness with the expense of ductility. During precipitation hardening both hardness and strength of the samples are increasing. Decreasing peak hardness value with increasing aging temperature is the well-known behavior of age hardenable alloys. The peak hardness value is further increasing when room temperature deformation is positively supported with age hardening known as thermomechanical treatment. Considering these aspects, it is intended to perform heat treatment and evaluate hardness, tensile strength, wear resistance and distribution pattern of reinforcement in the matrix. 2 to 2.5 and 3 to 3.5 times increase in hardness is reported in age hardening and LTMT treatments respectively as compared to as-cast composite. There was better distribution of reinforcements in the matrix, nearly two fold increase in strength levels and upto 5 times increase in wear resistance are also observed in the present study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforcement" title="reinforcement">reinforcement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precipitation" title=" precipitation"> precipitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermomechanical" title=" thermomechanical"> thermomechanical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dislocation" title=" dislocation"> dislocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strain%20hardening" title=" strain hardening"> strain hardening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26290/enhancement-of-hardness-related-properties-of-grey-cast-iron-powder-reinforced-aa7075-metal-matrix-composites-through-t6-and-t8-heat-treatments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26290.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4677</span> Waste Heat Recovery Using Spiral Heat Exchanger</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parthiban%20S.%20R.">Parthiban S. R.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Spiral heat exchangers are known as excellent heat exchanger because of far compact and high heat transfer efficiency. An innovative spiral heat exchanger based on polymer materials is designed for waste heat recovery process. Such a design based on polymer film technology provides better corrosion and chemical resistance compared to conventional metal heat exchangers. Due to the smooth surface of polymer film fouling is reduced. A new arrangement for flow of hot flue gas and cold fluid is employed for design, flue gas flows in axial path while the cold fluid flows in a spiral path. Heat load recovery achieved with the presented heat exchanger is in the range of 1.5 kW thermic but potential heat recovery about 3.5 kW might be achievable. To measure the performance of the spiral tube heat exchanger, its model is suitably designed and fabricated so as to perform experimental tests. The paper gives analysis of spiral tube heat exchanger. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spiral%20heat%20exchanger" title="spiral heat exchanger">spiral heat exchanger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20based%20materials" title=" polymer based materials"> polymer based materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fouling%20factor" title=" fouling factor"> fouling factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20load" title=" heat load"> heat load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26107/waste-heat-recovery-using-spiral-heat-exchanger" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26107.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4676</span> Comparative Germination Studies in Mature Seeds of Haloxylon Salicornicum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laila%20Almulla">Laila Almulla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As native plants are better adapted to the local environment, can endure long spells of drought, withstand high soil salinity levels and provide a more natural effect to landscape projects, their use in landscape projects are gaining popularity. Standardization of seed germination methods and raising the hardened plants of selected native plants for their use in landscape projects will both conserve natural resources and produce sustainable greenery. In the present study, Haloxylon salicornicum, a perennial herb with a potential use for urban greenery was selected for seed germination tests as there is an urgent need to mass multiply them for their large-scale use. Among the nine treatments tried with different concentrations of gibberelic acid (GA3) and dry heat, the seeds responded with treatments when the wings were removed. The control as well as 250 GA3 treatments produced the maximum germination of 86%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dormancy" title="dormancy">dormancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gibberelic%20acid" title=" gibberelic acid"> gibberelic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germination%20trays" title=" germination trays "> germination trays </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vigor%20index" title=" vigor index"> vigor index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1762/comparative-germination-studies-in-mature-seeds-of-haloxylon-salicornicum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1762.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4675</span> Solar System with Plate Heat Exchanger</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christer%20Frennfelt">Christer Frennfelt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solar heating is the most environmentally friendly way to heat water. Brazed Plate Heat Exchangers (BPHEs) are a key component in many solar heating applications for harvesting solar energy into accumulator tanks, producing hot tap water, and heating pools. The combination of high capacity in a compact format, efficient heat transfer, and fast response makes the BPHE the ideal heat exchanger for solar thermal systems. Solar heating is common as a standalone heat source, and as an add-on heat source for boilers, heat pumps, or district heating systems. An accumulator provides the possibility to store heat, which enables combination of different heat sources to a larger extent. In turn this works as protection to reduced access to energy or increased energy prices. For example heat from solar panels is preferably stored during the day for use at night. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=district%20heating%20and%20cooling" title="district heating and cooling">district heating and cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20storage" title=" thermal storage"> thermal storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brazed%20plate%20heat%20exchanger" title=" brazed plate heat exchanger"> brazed plate heat exchanger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20domestic%20hot%20water%20and%20combisystems" title=" solar domestic hot water and combisystems"> solar domestic hot water and combisystems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48183/solar-system-with-plate-heat-exchanger" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48183.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4674</span> Polymer Spiral Film Gas-Liquid Heat Exchanger for Waste Heat Recovery in Exhaust Gases</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20R.%20Parthiban">S. R. Parthiban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Elajchet%20Senni"> C. Elajchet Senni </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Spiral heat exchangers are known as excellent heat exchanger because of far compact and high heat transfer efficiency. An innovative spiral heat exchanger based on polymer materials is designed for waste heat recovery process. Such a design based on polymer film technology provides better corrosion and chemical resistance compared to conventional metal heat exchangers. Due to the smooth surface of polymer film fouling is reduced. A new arrangement for flow of hot flue gas and cold fluid is employed for design, flue gas flows in axial path while the cold fluid flows in a spiral path. Heat load recovery achieved with the presented heat exchanger is in the range of 1.5 kW thermic but potential heat recovery about 3.5kW might be achievable. To measure the performance of the spiral tube heat exchanger, its model is suitably designed and fabricated so as to perform experimental tests. The paper gives analysis of spiral tube heat exchanger. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spiral%20heat%20exchanger" title="spiral heat exchanger">spiral heat exchanger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20based%20materials" title=" polymer based materials"> polymer based materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fouling%20factor" title=" fouling factor"> fouling factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20load" title=" heat load"> heat load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26811/polymer-spiral-film-gas-liquid-heat-exchanger-for-waste-heat-recovery-in-exhaust-gases" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26811.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4673</span> Heat Transfer from Block Heat Sources Mounted on the Wall of a 3-D Cabinet to Ambient Natural Convective Air Stream</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20C.%20Cheng">J. C. Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20L.%20Tsay"> Y. L. Tsay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20D.%20Chan"> Z. D. Chan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20H.%20Yang"> C. H. Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study the physical system under consideration is a three-dimensional (3-D) cabinet with arrays of block heat sources mounted on one of the walls of the cabinet. The block heat sources dissipate heat to the cabinet surrounding through the conjugate conduction and natural convection. The results illustrate that the difference in hot spot temperatures of the system (θH) for the situations with and without consideration of thermal interaction is higher for smaller Rayleigh number (Ra), and can be up to 94.73% as Ra=10^5. In addition, the heat transfer characteristics depends strongly on the dimensionless heat conductivity of cabinet wall (Kwf), heat conductivity of block (Kpf) and length of cabinet (Ax). The maximum reduction in θH is 70.01% when Kwf varies from 10 to 1000, and it is 30.07% for Ax from 0.5 to 1. While the hot spot temperature of system is not sensitive to the cabinet angle (Φ). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=block%20heat%20sources" title="block heat sources">block heat sources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3-D%20cabinet" title=" 3-D cabinet"> 3-D cabinet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20interaction" title=" thermal interaction"> thermal interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16075/heat-transfer-from-block-heat-sources-mounted-on-the-wall-of-a-3-d-cabinet-to-ambient-natural-convective-air-stream" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16075.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">555</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4672</span> Eco-Friendly Electricity Production from the Waste Heat of Air Conditioners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anvesh%20Rajak">Anvesh Rajak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This is a new innovation that can be developed. Here I am going to use the waste heat of air conditioner so as to produce the electricity by using the Stirling engine because this waste heat creates the thermal pollution in the environment. The waste heat from the air conditioners has caused a temperature rise of 1°–2°C or more on weekdays in the Tokyo office areas. This heating promotes the heat-island phenomenon in Tokyo on weekdays. Now these air conditioners creates the thermal pollution in the environment and hence rising the temperature of the environment. Air conditioner generally emit the waste heat air whose temperature is about 50°C which heat the environment. Today the demand of energy is increasing tremendously, but available energy lacks in supply. Hence, there is no option for proper and efficient utilization and conservation of energy. In this paper the main stress is given on energy conservation by using technique of utilizing waste heat from Air-conditioning system. Actually the focus is on the use of the waste heat rather than improving the COP of the air- conditioners; if also we improve the COP of air conditioners gradually it would emit some waste heat so I want that waste heat to be used up. As I have used air conditioner’s waste heat to produce electricity so similarly there are various other appliances which emit the waste heat in the surrounding so here also we could use the Stirling engines and Geothermal heat pump concept to produce the electricity and hence can reduce the thermal pollution in the environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stirling%20engine" title="stirling engine">stirling engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20heat%20pumps" title=" geothermal heat pumps"> geothermal heat pumps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20heat" title=" waste heat"> waste heat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20conditioners" title=" air conditioners"> air conditioners</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21473/eco-friendly-electricity-production-from-the-waste-heat-of-air-conditioners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21473.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4671</span> Non Destructive Ultrasound Testing for the Determination of Elastic Characteristics of AlSi7Zn3Cu2Mg Foundry Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Hakem">A. Hakem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Bouafia"> Y. Bouafia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Characterization of materials used for various mechanical components is of great importance in their design. Several studies were conducted by various authors in order to improve their physical and/or chemical properties in general and mechanical or metallurgical properties in particular. The foundry alloy AlSi7Zn3Cu2Mg is one of the main components constituting the various mechanisms for the implementation of applications and various industrial projects. Obtaining a reliable product is not an easy task; several results proposed by different authors show sometimes results that can contradictory. Due to their high mechanical characteristics, these alloys are widely used in engineering. Silicon improves casting properties and magnesium allows heat treatment. It is thus possible to obtain various degrees of hardening and therefore interesting compromise between tensile strength and yield strength, on one hand, and elongation, on the other hand. These mechanical characteristics can be further enhanced by a series of mechanical treatments or heat treatments. Their light weight coupled with high mechanical characteristics, aluminum alloys are very much used in cars and aircraft industry. The present study is focused on the influence of heat treatments which cause significant micro structural changes, usually hardening by variation of annealing temperatures by increments of 10°C and 20°C on the evolution of the main elastic characteristics, the resistance, the ductility and the structural characteristics of AlSi7Zn3Cu2Mg foundry alloy cast in sand by gravity. These elastic properties are determined in three directions for each specimen of dimensions 200x150x20 mm³ by the ultrasonic method based on acoustic or elastic waves. The hardness, the micro hardness and the structural characteristics are evaluated by a non-destructive method. The aim of this work is to study the hardening ability of AlSi7Zn3Cu2Mg alloy by considering ten states. To improve the mechanical properties obtained with the raw casting, one should use heat treatment for structural hardening; the addition of magnesium is necessary to increase the sensitivity to this specific heat treatment: Treatment followed by homogenization which generates a diffusion of atoms in a substitution solid solution inside a hardening furnace at 500°C during 8h, followed immediately by quenching in water at room temperature 20 to 25°C, then an ageing process for 17h at room temperature and at different annealing temperature (150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 240, 200, 220 and 240°C) for 20h in an annealing oven. The specimens were allowed to cool inside the oven. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum" title="aluminum">aluminum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foundry%20alloy" title=" foundry alloy"> foundry alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnesium" title=" magnesium"> magnesium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20characteristics" title=" mechanical characteristics"> mechanical characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon" title=" silicon"> silicon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49075/non-destructive-ultrasound-testing-for-the-determination-of-elastic-characteristics-of-alsi7zn3cu2mg-foundry-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49075.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4670</span> Comparative Syudy Of Heat Transfer Capacity Limits of Heat Pipe</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Shokouhmand">H. Shokouhmand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ghanami"> A. Ghanami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heat pipe is simple heat transfer device which combines the conduction and phase change phenomena to control the heat transfer without any need for external power source. At hot surface of heat pipe, the liquid phase absorbs heat and changes to vapor phase. The vapor phase flows to condenser region and with the loss of heat changes to liquid phase. Due to gravitational force the liquid phase flows to evaporator section.In HVAC systems the working fluid is chosen based on the operating temperature. The heat pipe has significant capability to reduce the humidity in HVAC systems. Each HVAC system which uses heater, humidifier or dryer is a suitable nominate for the utilization of heat pipes. Generally heat pipes have three main sections: condenser, adiabatic region and evaporator.Performance investigation and optimization of heat pipes operation in order to increase their efficiency is crucial. In present article, a parametric study is performed to improve the heat pipe performance. Therefore, the heat capacity of heat pipe with respect to geometrical and confining parameters is investigated. For the better observation of heat pipe operation in HVAC systems, a CFD simulation in Eulerian- Eulerian multiphase approach is also performed. The results show that heat pipe heat transfer capacity is higher for water as working fluid with the operating temperature of 340 K. It is also observed that the vertical orientation of heat pipe enhances it’s heat transfer capacity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20pipe" title="heat pipe">heat pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HVAC%20system" title=" HVAC system"> HVAC system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grooved%20heat%20pipe" title=" grooved heat pipe"> grooved heat pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20pipe%20limits" title=" heat pipe limits "> heat pipe limits </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22754/comparative-syudy-of-heat-transfer-capacity-limits-of-heat-pipe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22754.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4669</span> Physicochemical Characteristics of Rice Starch Chainat 1 Variety by Physical Modification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Orose%20Rugchati">Orose Rugchati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarawut%20Wattanawongpitak"> Sarawut Wattanawongpitak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Chainat 1 variety (CN1) of rice, which generally has high amylose starch, is distributed in the lower part of Northern Thailand. CN1 rice starch can be used in both food and non-food products. In this research, the CN1 rice starch from the wet-milling process was prepared by Pre-Gelatinization (Heat-Moisture Treatments, HMT) under different conditions: percentage of moisture contents (20% and 30%) and duration time in minutes (0, 30, 60, and 90) at a specific temperature 110°C. The physicochemical characteristics of CN1 rice starch modification, such as amylose content, viscosity, swelling, and solubility property, were evaluated and compared with native CN1 rice starch. The results showed that modification CN1 rice starch tends to have some characteristics better than native starch. The appearance color and starch granule of modified CN1 by HMT have more effective characteristics than native starch when increased duration time. The duration time and moisture content are significant factors to the CN1 starch characteristic by HMT. Moreover, physical modification of CN1 starch by HMT can be described as a modified rice starch providing in many applications and the advantage of biodegradability development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physicochemical%20characteristics" title="physicochemical characteristics">physicochemical characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20modification" title=" physical modification"> physical modification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-gelatinization" title=" pre-gelatinization"> pre-gelatinization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heat-Moisture%20Treatments" title=" Heat-Moisture Treatments"> Heat-Moisture Treatments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20starch" title=" rice starch"> rice starch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chainat%201%20variety%20%28CN1%29" title=" Chainat 1 variety (CN1)"> Chainat 1 variety (CN1)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107385/physicochemical-characteristics-of-rice-starch-chainat-1-variety-by-physical-modification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4668</span> Determination of Flow Arrangement for Optimum Performance in Heat Exchangers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Salisu%20Atiku">Ahmed Salisu Atiku</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This task involves the determination of the flow arrangement for optimum performance and the calculation of total heat transfer of two identical double pipe heat exchangers in series. The inner pipe contains the cold water stream at 27°C, whilst the outer pipe contains the two hot stream of water at 50°C and 90 °C which can be mixed in any way desired. The analysis was carried out using counter flow arrangement due to its good heat transfer ability. The best way of heating this cold stream was found out to be passing the 90°C hot stream through the two heat exchangers. The outlet temperature of the cold stream was found to be 39.6°C and overall heat transfer of 131.3 kW. Though starting with 50°C hot stream in the first heat exchanger followed by 90°C hot stream in the second heat exchanger gives an outlet temperature almost the same as 90°C hot stream alone, but the heat transfer is low. The reason for the low heat transfer was that only the heat transfer in the second heat exchanger is considered. Whilst the reason behind high outlet temperature was that the cold stream was already preheated by the first stream. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20stream" title="cold stream">cold stream</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20arrangement" title=" flow arrangement"> flow arrangement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20exchanger" title=" heat exchanger"> heat exchanger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20stream" title=" hot stream"> hot stream</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51973/determination-of-flow-arrangement-for-optimum-performance-in-heat-exchangers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51973.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4667</span> Comparative Study of Heat Transfer Capacity Limits of Heat Pipes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Shokouhmand">H. Shokouhmand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ghanami"> A. Ghanami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heat pipe is simple heat transfer device which combines the conduction and phase change phenomena to control the heat transfer without any need for external power source. At hot surface of heat pipe, the liquid phase absorbs heat and changes to vapor phase. The vapor phase flows to condenser region and with the loss of heat changes to liquid phase. Due to gravitational force the liquid phase flows to evaporator section.In HVAC systems the working fluid is chosen based on the operating temperature. The heat pipe has significant capability to reduce the humidity in HVAC systems. Each HVAC system which uses heater, humidifier or dryer is a suitable nominate for the utilization of heat pipes. Generally heat pipes have three main sections: condenser, adiabatic region and evaporator.Performance investigation and optimization of heat pipes operation in order to increase their efficiency is crucial. In present article, a parametric study is performed to improve the heat pipe performance. Therefore, the heat capacity of heat pipe with respect to geometrical and confining parameters is investigated. For the better observation of heat pipe operation in HVAC systems, a CFD simulation in Eulerian- Eulerian multiphase approach is also performed. The results show that heat pipe heat transfer capacity is higher for water as working fluid with the operating temperature of 340 K. It is also showed that the vertical orientation of heat pipe enhances it’s heat transfer capacity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20pipe" title="heat pipe">heat pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HVAC%20system" title=" HVAC system"> HVAC system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grooved%20Heat%20pipe" title=" grooved Heat pipe"> grooved Heat pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20pipe%20limits" title=" heat pipe limits"> heat pipe limits</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22791/comparative-study-of-heat-transfer-capacity-limits-of-heat-pipes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22791.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">421</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4666</span> Optimising Post-Process Heat Treatments of Selective Laser Melting-Produced Ti-6Al-4V Parts to Achieve Superior Mechanical Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gerrit%20Ter%20Haar">Gerrit Ter Haar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thorsten%20Becker"> Thorsten Becker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deborah%20Blaine"> Deborah Blaine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Additive Manufacturing (AM) process of Selective Laser Melting (SLM) has seen an exponential growth in sales and development in the past fifteen years. Whereas the capability of SLM was initially limited to rapid prototyping, progress in research and development (R&D) has allowed SLM to be capable of fully functional parts. This technology is still at a primitive stage and technical knowledge of the vast number of variables influencing final part quality is limited. Ongoing research and development of the sensitive printing process and post processes is of utmost importance in order to qualify SLM parts to meet international standards. Quality concerns in Ti-6Al-4V manufactured through SLM has been identified, which include: high residual stresses, part porosity, low ductility and anisotropic mechanical properties. Whereas significant quality improvements have been made through optimising printing parameters, research indicates as-produced part ductility to be a major limiting factor when compared to its wrought counterpart. This study aims at achieving an in-depth understanding of the underlining links between SLM produced Ti-6Al-4V microstructure and its mechanical properties. Knowledge of microstructural transformation kinetics of Ti-6Al-4V allows for the optimisation of post-process heat treatments thereby achieving the required process route to manufacture high quality SLM produced Ti-6Al-4V parts. Experimental methods used to evaluate the kinematics of microstructural transformation of SLM Ti-6Al-4V are: optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction. Results show that a low-temperature heat treatment is capable of transforming the as-produced, martensitic microstructure into a duel-phase microstructure exhibiting both a high strength and improved ductility. Furthermore, isotropy of mechanical properties can be achieved through certain annealing routes. Mechanical properties identical to that of wrought Ti-6Al-4V can, therefore, be achieved through an optimised process route. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EBSD%20analysis" title="EBSD analysis">EBSD analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatments" title=" heat treatments"> heat treatments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructural%20characterisation" title=" microstructural characterisation"> microstructural characterisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=selective%20laser%20melting" title=" selective laser melting"> selective laser melting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile%20behaviour" title=" tensile behaviour"> tensile behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ti-6Al-4V" title=" Ti-6Al-4V"> Ti-6Al-4V</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60678/optimising-post-process-heat-treatments-of-selective-laser-melting-produced-ti-6al-4v-parts-to-achieve-superior-mechanical-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60678.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">421</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4665</span> The Study of Sintered Wick Structure of Heat Pipes with Excellent Heat Transfer Capabilities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Im-Nam%20Jang">Im-Nam Jang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong-Sik%20Ahn"> Yong-Sik Ahn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study sintered wick was formed in a heat pipe through the process of sintering a mixture of copper powder with particle sizes of 100μm and 200μm, mixed with a pore-forming agent. The heat pipe's thermal resistance, which affects its heat transfer efficiency, is determined during manufacturing according to powder type, thickness of the sintered wick, and filling rate of the working fluid. Heat transfer efficiency was then tested at various inclination angles (0°, 45°, 90°) to evaluate the performance of heat pipes. Regardless of the filling amount and test angle, the 200μm copper powder type exhibited superior heat transfer efficiency compared to the 100μm type. After analyzing heat transfer performance at various filling rates between 20% and 50%, it was determined that the heat pipe's optimal heat transfer capability occurred at a working fluid filling rate of 30%. The width of the wick was directly related to the heat transfer performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20pipe" title="heat pipe">heat pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer%20performance" title=" heat transfer performance"> heat transfer performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20pore%20size" title=" effective pore size"> effective pore size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20force" title=" capillary force"> capillary force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sintered%20wick" title=" sintered wick"> sintered wick</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183110/the-study-of-sintered-wick-structure-of-heat-pipes-with-excellent-heat-transfer-capabilities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">64</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatments&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatments&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatments&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatments&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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