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class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-By_topic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#By_topic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>By topic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-By_topic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Arts_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Arts and culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Births" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Births"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Births</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Births-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Deaths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1293</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 136 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-136" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">136 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1293 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1293 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B2%DB%B9%DB%B3_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۲۹۳ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۲۹۳ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%A8%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%A9" title="১২৯৩ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১২৯৩" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293_n%C3%AE" title="1293 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1293 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293." title="1293. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1293." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B2%DB%B9%DB%B3_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۲۹۳ (میلادی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۲۹۳ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293%E5%B9%B4" title="1293年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1293年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293%EB%85%84" title="1293년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1293년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%A9" title="१२९३ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="१२९३" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293." title="1293. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1293." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%A8%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%A9" title="মারি ১২৯৩ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১২৯৩" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1293-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1293-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1293 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1293 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293_(almanak_jilyen)" title="1293 (almanak jilyen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1293 (almanak jilyen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293_%D0%B8" title="1293 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1293 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293._gads" title="1293. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1293. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293_m." title="1293 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1293 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%A9" title="इ.स. १२९३ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. १२९३" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B2%DB%B9%DB%B3" title="۱۲۹۳ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۲۹۳" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1293 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1293 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%81%E1%81%82%E1%81%89%E1%81%83" title="၁၂၉၃ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၁၂၉၃" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%A9" title="सन् १२९३ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सन् १२९३" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293%E5%B9%B4" title="1293年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1293年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%A8%E0%AD%AF%E0%AD%A9" title="୧୨୯୩ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୨୯୩" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%A9" title="१२९३ – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="१२९३" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1293 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1293 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%A9" title="१२९३ – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="१२९३" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293%D8%B9" title="1293ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1293ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A2%D9%A9%D9%A3" title="١٢٩٣ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١٢٩٣" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1293 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1293 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._1836" title="พ.ศ. 1836 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 1836" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1293" title="Соли 1293 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1293" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293%D8%A1" title="1293ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1293ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293%E5%B9%B4" title="1293年 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1293年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293%E5%B9%B4" title="1293年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1293年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293%E5%B9%B4" title="1293年 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1293年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/1293" title="1293 – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="1293" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <table class="infobox" style="text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Millennium</a>: </th> <td><a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Centuries</a>: </th> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/12th_century" title="12th century">12th century</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/13th_century" title="13th century">13th century</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_century" title="14th century">14th century</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Decades</a>: </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1270s" title="1270s">1270s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1280s" title="1280s">1280s</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1290s" title="1290s">1290s</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1300s_(decade)" title="1300s (decade)">1300s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1310s" title="1310s">1310s</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_years" title="List of years">Years</a>: </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_1290" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1290">1290</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1291" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1291">1291</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1292" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1292">1292</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/AD_1293" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1293">1293</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1294" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1294">1294</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1295" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1295">1295</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1296" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1296">1296</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Category:1293" title="Category:1293">1293 by topic</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_sovereign_states_in_1293&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of sovereign states in 1293 (page does not exist)">Political entities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_1293" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state leaders in 1293">State leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_13th-century_religious_leaders" title="List of 13th-century religious leaders">Religious leaders</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Birth and death categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1293_births" title="Category:1293 births">Births</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1293_deaths" title="Category:1293 deaths">Deaths</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Establishments and disestablishments categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1293_establishments" title="Category:1293 establishments">Establishments</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:1293_disestablishments&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:1293 disestablishments (page does not exist)">Disestablishments</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Art and literature</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/1293_in_poetry" title="1293 in poetry">1293 in poetry</a></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template talk:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%"><span class="summary dtstart">1293 in various <a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">calendars</a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></td><td>1293<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MCCXCIII</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></td><td>2046</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian calendar</a></td><td>742<br />ԹՎ ՉԽԲ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian calendar</a></td><td>6043</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Balinese saka calendar</a></td><td>1214–1215</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></td><td>700</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber calendar</a></td><td>2243</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">English Regnal year</a></td><td>21 <a href="/wiki/Edward_I_of_England" title="Edward I of England">Edw. 1</a> – 22 <a href="/wiki/Edward_I_of_England" title="Edward I of England">Edw. 1</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist calendar</a></td><td>1837</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese calendar</a></td><td>655</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></td><td>6801–6802</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">壬辰</a>年 (Water <a href="/wiki/Dragon_(zodiac)" title="Dragon (zodiac)">Dragon</a>)<br />3990 or 3783<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />癸巳年 (Water <a href="/wiki/Snake_(zodiac)" title="Snake (zodiac)">Snake</a>)<br />3991 or 3784</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></td><td>1009–1010</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian calendar</a></td><td>2459</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></td><td>1285–1286</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></td><td>5053–5054</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendars</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></i></td><td>1349–1350</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Shaka Samvat</a></i></td><td>1214–1215</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></i></td><td>4393–4394</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene calendar</a></td><td>11293</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo calendar</a></td><td>293–294</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian calendar</a></td><td>671–672</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></td><td>692–693</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8D%C5%8D_(Kamakura_period)" title="Shōō (Kamakura period)">Shōō</a> 6 / <a href="/wiki/Einin" title="Einin">Einin</a> 1<br />(永仁元年)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a></td><td>1203–1204</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></td><td>1293<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MCCXCIII</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean calendar</a></td><td>3626</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Minguo_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Minguo calendar">Minguo calendar</a></td><td>619 before <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">ROC</a><br />民前619年</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></td><td>−175</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">Thai solar calendar</a></td><td>1835–1836</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan calendar</a></td><td>阳水龙年<br />(male Water-<a href="/wiki/Dragon_(zodiac)" title="Dragon (zodiac)">Dragon</a>)<br />1419 or 1038 or 266<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />阴水蛇年<br />(female Water-<a href="/wiki/Snake_(zodiac)" title="Snake (zodiac)">Snake</a>)<br />1420 or 1039 or 267</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Year <b>1293</b> (<b><a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">MCCXCIII</a></b>) was a <a href="/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Thursday" title="Common year starting on Thursday">common year starting on Thursday</a> (link will display the full calendar) of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>. </p><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1293&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="By_area">By area</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1293&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: By area"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Africa">Africa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1293&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/December" title="December">December</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mamluk_Sultanate_(Cairo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)">Mamluk</a> sultan of <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> <a href="/wiki/Al-Ashraf_Khalil" title="Al-Ashraf Khalil">Khalil</a> is assassinated by his regent <a href="/wiki/Baydara" title="Baydara">Baydara</a>, who briefly claims the sultanate, before being assassinated himself by a rival political faction.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Asia">Asia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1293&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/May_26" title="May 26">May 26</a> – An <a href="/wiki/1293_Kamakura_earthquake" title="1293 Kamakura earthquake">earthquake</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kamakura,_Kanagawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamakura, Kanagawa">Kamakura</a>, Japan kills an estimated 23,000.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_31" title="May 31">May 31</a> – The forces of <a href="/wiki/Raden_Wijaya" title="Raden Wijaya">Raden Wijaya</a> win a major victory in the <a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Java" title="Mongol invasion of Java">Mongol invasion of Java</a>, which is considered to be the founding date of the city of <a href="/wiki/Surabaya" title="Surabaya">Surabaya</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Japanese_era_name" title="Japanese era name">Japanese era</a> <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8D%C5%8D_(Kamakura_period)" title="Shōō (Kamakura period)">Shōō</a> ends, and the <a href="/wiki/Einin" title="Einin">Einin</a> era begins.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kublai_Khan" title="Kublai Khan">Kublai Khan</a> sends a fleet to the islands of Southeast Asia, including <a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Java" title="Mongol invasion of Java">Java</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The Hindu <a href="/wiki/Majapahit_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Majapahit Empire">Majapahit Empire</a> is founded by <a href="/wiki/Kertarajasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Kertarajasa">Kertarajasa</a> in <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>. It benefits from internal conflict and <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol</a> intervention, to defeat the <a href="/wiki/Singhasari" title="Singhasari">Singhasari</a> Kingdom and establish the empire.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Europe">Europe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1293&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Torkel_Knutsson" title="Torkel Knutsson">Torkel Knutsson</a> leads Sweden in beginning the <a href="/wiki/Third_Swedish_Crusade" title="Third Swedish Crusade">Third Swedish Crusade</a>, against unchristianized <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Karelia" class="mw-redirect" title="Finnish Karelia">Finnish Karelia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same year, the construction of <a href="/wiki/Vyborg_Castle" title="Vyborg Castle">Vyborg Castle</a> begins, by orders of Knutsson.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Ordinances_of_Justice" title="Ordinances of Justice">Ordinances of Justice</a> are enacted, in the Commune of Florence.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Wight" title="Isle of Wight">Isle of Wight</a> is sold to King <a href="/wiki/Edward_I_of_England" title="Edward I of England">Edward I of England</a> by <a href="/wiki/Isabella_de_Forz,_Countess_of_Devon" class="mw-redirect" title="Isabella de Forz, Countess of Devon">Isabella de Forz, Countess of Devon</a>, for 6,000 marks.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="By_topic">By topic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1293&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: By topic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Arts_and_culture">Arts and culture</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1293&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Arts and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dante_Alighieri" title="Dante Alighieri">Dante Alighieri</a> completes the book of verse <i><a href="/wiki/La_Vita_Nuova" title="La Vita Nuova">La Vita Nuova</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Education">Education</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1293&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/May_20" title="May 20">May 20</a> – King <a href="/wiki/Sancho_IV_of_Castile" title="Sancho IV of Castile">Sancho IV of Castile</a> creates the <i>Studium General</i>, forerunner to the modern <a href="/wiki/Complutense_University_of_Madrid" title="Complutense University of Madrid">Complutense University of Madrid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Religion">Religion</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1293&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January" title="January">January</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ignatius_bar_Wahib" title="Ignatius bar Wahib">Ignatius bar Wahib</a> becomes <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox</a> Patriarch of Mardin.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1293&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Births"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Ruysbroeck" class="mw-redirect" title="John of Ruysbroeck">John of Ruysbroeck</a>, Brabantian mystic (approximate date; d. <a href="/wiki/1381" title="1381">1381</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_de_Clare" title="Margaret de Clare">Margaret de Clare</a>, English noblewoman (d. <a href="/wiki/1342" title="1342">1342</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felim_McHugh_O%27Connor" title="Felim McHugh O'Connor">Fedlim Ó Conchobair</a>, King of <a href="/wiki/Connacht" title="Connacht">Connacht</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1316" title="1316">1316</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_France" title="Philip V of France">Philip V of France</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1322" title="1322">1322</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_VI_of_France" title="Philip VI of France">Philip VI of France</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1350" title="1350">1350</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Stewart,_6th_High_Steward_of_Scotland" title="Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland">Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1326" title="1326">1326</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1293&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/May_2" title="May 2">May 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Meir_of_Rothenburg" title="Meir of Rothenburg">Meir of Rothenburg</a>, German rabbi (b. c.<a href="/wiki/1215" title="1215">1215</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_29" title="June 29">June 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Ghent" title="Henry of Ghent">Henry of Ghent</a>, philosopher (b. c.<a href="/wiki/1217" title="1217">1217</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_10" title="November 10">November 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Isabel_de_Forz,_suo_jure_8th_Countess_of_Devon" class="mw-redirect" title="Isabel de Forz, suo jure 8th Countess of Devon">Isabella de Forz, Countess of Devon</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1237" title="1237">1237</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_14" title="December 14">December 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Al-Ashraf_Khalil" title="Al-Ashraf Khalil">Al-Ashraf Khalil</a>, Mamluk sultan of Egypt (assassinated)<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>date unknown</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_VI_Narin" class="mw-redirect" title="David VI Narin">David VI Narin</a>, King of <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1225" title="1225">1225</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_of_Rubruck" title="William of Rubruck">William of Rubruck</a>, Flemish <a href="/wiki/Franciscan" class="mw-redirect" title="Franciscan">Franciscan</a> missionary (approximate date; b. c.<a href="/wiki/1220" title="1220">1220</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1293&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRabbat1995" class="citation book cs1">Rabbat, Nasser O. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9Ep8I5jCD8QC&dq=Khalil+1293&pg=PA181"><i>The Citadel of Cairo: A New Interpretation of Royal Mameluk Architecture</i></a>. Leiden, New York, Köln: BRILL. p. 181. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004101241" title="Special:BookSources/9789004101241"><bdi>9789004101241</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Citadel+of+Cairo%3A+A+New+Interpretation+of+Royal+Mameluk+Architecture&rft.place=Leiden%2C+New+York%2C+K%C3%B6ln&rft.pages=181&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=9789004101241&rft.aulast=Rabbat&rft.aufirst=Nasser+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9Ep8I5jCD8QC%26dq%3DKhalil%2B1293%26pg%3DPA181&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHattori1878" class="citation news cs1">Hattori, J. (April 4, 1878). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IhJCAQAAMAAJ&dq=1293+kamakura&pg=PA208">"Destructive Earthquakes of Japan"</a>. <i>The Japan Mail: A fortnightly summary of intelligence from Japan, for transmission to Europe and the United States, via Suez and San Francisco</i>. p. 178<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Japan+Mail%3A+A+fortnightly+summary+of+intelligence+from+Japan%2C+for+transmission+to+Europe+and+the+United+States%2C+via+Suez+and+San+Francisco&rft.atitle=Destructive+Earthquakes+of+Japan&rft.pages=178&rft.date=1878-04-04&rft.aulast=Hattori&rft.aufirst=J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIhJCAQAAMAAJ%26dq%3D1293%2Bkamakura%26pg%3DPA208&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNagayama1997" class="citation book cs1">Nagayama, Kōkan (1997) [1995]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zPyswmGDBFkC&dq=1293+shoo+einin&pg=PA164"><i>The Connoisseur's Book of Japanese Swords</i></a>. Tokyo, New York, London: Kodansha International. p. 164. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9784770020710" title="Special:BookSources/9784770020710"><bdi>9784770020710</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Connoisseur%27s+Book+of+Japanese+Swords&rft.place=Tokyo%2C+New+York%2C+London&rft.pages=164&rft.pub=Kodansha+International&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9784770020710&rft.aulast=Nagayama&rft.aufirst=K%C5%8Dkan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzPyswmGDBFkC%26dq%3D1293%2Bshoo%2Beinin%26pg%3DPA164&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMinahan2012" class="citation book cs1">Minahan, James (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=abNDLZQ6quYC&dq=1293+Kublai+Khan+fleet+java&pg=PA109"><i>Ethnic Groups of South Asia and the Pacific: An Encyclopedia</i></a>. Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO, Oxford: ABC-CLIO. p. 109. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781598846591" title="Special:BookSources/9781598846591"><bdi>9781598846591</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ethnic+Groups+of+South+Asia+and+the+Pacific%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+CA%2C+Denver%2C+CO%2C+Oxford&rft.pages=109&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781598846591&rft.aulast=Minahan&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DabNDLZQ6quYC%26dq%3D1293%2BKublai%2BKhan%2Bfleet%2Bjava%26pg%3DPA109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOoi2004" class="citation book cs1">Ooi, Keat Gin (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QKgraWbb7yoC&dq=1293+Majapahit&pg=PA824"><i>Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor</i></a>. Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO, Oxford: ABC-CLIO. pp. 822–824. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781576077702" title="Special:BookSources/9781576077702"><bdi>9781576077702</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Southeast+Asia%3A+A+Historical+Encyclopedia%2C+from+Angkor+Wat+to+East+Timor&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+CA%2C+Denver%2C+CO%2C+Oxford&rft.pages=822-824&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9781576077702&rft.aulast=Ooi&rft.aufirst=Keat+Gin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQKgraWbb7yoC%26dq%3D1293%2BMajapahit%26pg%3DPA824&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoss2009" class="citation book cs1">Goss, Glenda Dawn (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=929lNk1fqXoC&dq=1293+Torkel+Knutsson&pg=PA152"><i>Sibelius: A Composer's Life and the Awakening of Finland</i></a>. Chicago, London: University of Chicago Press. p. 152. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226304793" title="Special:BookSources/9780226304793"><bdi>9780226304793</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sibelius%3A+A+Composer%27s+Life+and+the+Awakening+of+Finland&rft.place=Chicago%2C+London&rft.pages=152&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780226304793&rft.aulast=Goss&rft.aufirst=Glenda+Dawn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D929lNk1fqXoC%26dq%3D1293%2BTorkel%2BKnutsson%26pg%3DPA152&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spottinghistory.com/view/1355/vyborg-castle/">Vyborg Castle, Vyborg, Russia - Spotting History</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPugh_Rupp2008" class="citation book cs1">Pugh Rupp, Teresa (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lqCYBvufYj0C&dq=1293+Ordinances+of+Justice&pg=PA323">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"If You Want Peace, Work for Justice": Dino Compagni's Cronica and the Ordinances of Justice"</a>. In Peterson, David S.; Bornstein, Daniel E. (eds.). <i>Florence and Beyond: Culture, Society and Politics in Renaissance Italy : Essays in Honour of John M. Najemy</i>. Toronto: Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies. p. 323. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780772720382" title="Special:BookSources/9780772720382"><bdi>9780772720382</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%22If+You+Want+Peace%2C+Work+for+Justice%22%3A+Dino+Compagni%27s+Cronica+and+the+Ordinances+of+Justice&rft.btitle=Florence+and+Beyond%3A+Culture%2C+Society+and+Politics+in+Renaissance+Italy+%3A+Essays+in+Honour+of+John+M.+Najemy&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pages=323&rft.pub=Centre+for+Reformation+and+Renaissance+Studies&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780772720382&rft.aulast=Pugh+Rupp&rft.aufirst=Teresa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlqCYBvufYj0C%26dq%3D1293%2BOrdinances%2Bof%2BJustice%26pg%3DPA323&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams1856" class="citation book cs1">Adams, William Henry Davenport (1856). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ARJbAAAAcAAJ&dq=1293+isle+of+wight&pg=PA18"><i>The History, Topography, and Antiquities of the Isle of Wight. Described and Illustrated. [With Plates and a Map.]</i></a>. London: Smith, Elder & Company. pp. 18–19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History%2C+Topography%2C+and+Antiquities+of+the+Isle+of+Wight.+Described+and+Illustrated.+%5BWith+Plates+and+a+Map.%5D&rft.place=London&rft.pages=18-19&rft.pub=Smith%2C+Elder+%26+Company&rft.date=1856&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=William+Henry+Davenport&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DARJbAAAAcAAJ%26dq%3D1293%2Bisle%2Bof%2Bwight%26pg%3DPA18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpinozzi2009" class="citation book cs1">Spinozzi, Paola (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6er3ig5jGakC&dq=1293+La+Vita+Nuova&pg=PA77">"Journeying Through Translation: Dante among the Victorians, Dante Gabriel Rossetti in Medieval Italy"</a>. In Orestano, Francesca; Frigerio, Francesca (eds.). <i>Strange Sisters: Literature and Aesthetics in the Nineteenth Century</i>. Oxford, Bern: Peter Lang. p. 77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783039118403" title="Special:BookSources/9783039118403"><bdi>9783039118403</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Journeying+Through+Translation%3A+Dante+among+the+Victorians%2C+Dante+Gabriel+Rossetti+in+Medieval+Italy&rft.btitle=Strange+Sisters%3A+Literature+and+Aesthetics+in+the+Nineteenth+Century&rft.place=Oxford%2C+Bern&rft.pages=77&rft.pub=Peter+Lang&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9783039118403&rft.aulast=Spinozzi&rft.aufirst=Paola&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6er3ig5jGakC%26dq%3D1293%2BLa%2BVita%2BNuova%26pg%3DPA77&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRashdall2010" class="citation book cs1">Rashdall, Hastings (2010) [1895]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iW7E7LQiu8kC&dq=1293+Studium+General+Madrid&pg=PA99"><i>The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages: Volume 2, Part 1, Italy, Spain, France, Germany, Scotland, Etc</i></a>. Vol. 2. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 99. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781108018111" title="Special:BookSources/9781108018111"><bdi>9781108018111</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Universities+of+Europe+in+the+Middle+Ages%3A+Volume+2%2C+Part+1%2C+Italy%2C+Spain%2C+France%2C+Germany%2C+Scotland%2C+Etc.&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+New+York&rft.pages=99&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781108018111&rft.aulast=Rashdall&rft.aufirst=Hastings&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiW7E7LQiu8kC%26dq%3D1293%2BStudium%2BGeneral%2BMadrid%26pg%3DPA99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarsoum2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Aphrem_I_Barsoum" class="mw-redirect" title="Ignatius Aphrem I Barsoum">Barsoum, Ephrem</a> (2008). <i>History of the Za'faran Monastery</i>. Translated by Matti Moosa. Gorgias Press. p. 48.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Za%27faran+Monastery&rft.pages=48&rft.pub=Gorgias+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Barsoum&rft.aufirst=Ephrem&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRogers2009" class="citation book cs1">Rogers, Eugene F. Jr. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qQoWBB6gqQQC&dq=1293+John+of+Ruusbroec&pg=PA272">"John Ruusbroec, from The Spiritual Espousals"</a>. <i>The Holy Spirit: Classic and Contemporary Readings</i>. Chicester and Singapore: John Wiley & Sons. p. 272. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781405136235" title="Special:BookSources/9781405136235"><bdi>9781405136235</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=John+Ruusbroec%2C+from+The+Spiritual+Espousals&rft.btitle=The+Holy+Spirit%3A+Classic+and+Contemporary+Readings&rft.place=Chicester+and+Singapore&rft.pages=272&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781405136235&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=Eugene+F.+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqQoWBB6gqQQC%26dq%3D1293%2BJohn%2Bof%2BRuusbroec%26pg%3DPA272&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHammondCokayne1998" class="citation book cs1">Hammond, Peter; Cokayne, George Edward (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PUpmAAAAMAAJ"><i>The complete peerage, or a history of the House of Lords and all its members from the earliest times by G.E.C., revised and much enlarged : addenda & corrigenda</i></a>. Vol. XIV. Sutton. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780750901543" title="Special:BookSources/9780750901543"><bdi>9780750901543</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+complete+peerage%2C+or+a+history+of+the+House+of+Lords+and+all+its+members+from+the+earliest+times+by+G.E.C.%2C+revised+and+much+enlarged+%3A+addenda+%26+corrigenda&rft.pub=Sutton&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780750901543&rft.aulast=Hammond&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Cokayne%2C+George+Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPUpmAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFByrne2003" class="citation book cs1">Byrne, Vincent (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=je4RSV6f95oC&q=fedlim"><i>The Hidden Annals: A Thousand Years of the Kingdom of Connaught 366-1385</i></a>. Universal-Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781581125689" title="Special:BookSources/9781581125689"><bdi>9781581125689</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hidden+Annals%3A+A+Thousand+Years+of+the+Kingdom+of+Connaught+366-1385&rft.pub=Universal-Publishers&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9781581125689&rft.aulast=Byrne&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dje4RSV6f95oC%26q%3Dfedlim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWood2016" class="citation book cs1">Wood, Cindy (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=X_YyDAAAQBAJ&dq=Philip+V+1293&pg=PA58"><i>Studying Late Medieval History: A Thematic Approach</i></a>. London and New York: Routledge. p. 58. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317211204" title="Special:BookSources/9781317211204"><bdi>9781317211204</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studying+Late+Medieval+History%3A+A+Thematic+Approach&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.pages=58&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781317211204&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Cindy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DX_YyDAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DPhilip%2BV%2B1293%26pg%3DPA58&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNolan2006" class="citation book cs1">Nolan, Cathal J. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oBHJ1eK_tcoC&dq=Philip+VI+1293&pg=PA893"><i>The Age of Wars of Religion, 1000-1650: An Encyclopedia of Global Warfare and Civilization</i></a>. Vol. 2. Westport, CN and London: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 893. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313337345" title="Special:BookSources/9780313337345"><bdi>9780313337345</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Age+of+Wars+of+Religion%2C+1000-1650%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+Global+Warfare+and+Civilization&rft.place=Westport%2C+CN+and+London&rft.pages=893&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780313337345&rft.aulast=Nolan&rft.aufirst=Cathal+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoBHJ1eK_tcoC%26dq%3DPhilip%2BVI%2B1293%26pg%3DPA893&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrowning1998" class="citation book cs1">Browning, Charles Henry (1998) [1883]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eyik0rO0HlsC&dq=1293+Walter+Stewart&pg=PA261">"Pedigree LX"</a>. <i>Americans of Royal Descent: Collection of Genealogies Showing the Lineal Descent from Kings of Some American Families. Reproduced from Recognized Authorative Genealogical Works, From Printed Family Histories, and Verified Information Supplied in Manuscript Pedigrees</i> (Seventh ed.). Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Com. p. 261. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780806300542" title="Special:BookSources/9780806300542"><bdi>9780806300542</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pedigree+LX&rft.btitle=Americans+of+Royal+Descent%3A+Collection+of+Genealogies+Showing+the+Lineal+Descent+from+Kings+of+Some+American+Families.+Reproduced+from+Recognized+Authorative+Genealogical+Works%2C+From+Printed+Family+Histories%2C+and+Verified+Information+Supplied+in+Manuscript+Pedigrees&rft.place=Baltimore%2C+MD&rft.pages=261&rft.edition=Seventh&rft.pub=Genealogical+Publishing+Com&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780806300542&rft.aulast=Browning&rft.aufirst=Charles+Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Deyik0rO0HlsC%26dq%3D1293%2BWalter%2BStewart%26pg%3DPA261&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKanarfogel2000" class="citation book cs1">Kanarfogel, Ephraim (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=anAUUroT4N4C&dq=1293+Meir+of+Rothenburg&pg=PA221"><i>Peering Through the Lattices: Mystical, Magical, and Pietistic Dimensions in the Tosafist Period</i></a>. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press. p. 221. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780814325315" title="Special:BookSources/9780814325315"><bdi>9780814325315</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peering+Through+the+Lattices%3A+Mystical%2C+Magical%2C+and+Pietistic+Dimensions+in+the+Tosafist+Period&rft.place=Detroit%2C+MI&rft.pages=221&rft.pub=Wayne+State+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9780814325315&rft.aulast=Kanarfogel&rft.aufirst=Ephraim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DanAUUroT4N4C%26dq%3D1293%2BMeir%2Bof%2BRothenburg%26pg%3DPA221&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStone2003" class="citation book cs1">Stone, M. W. F. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-bwuXbEFL5cC&dq=1293+Henry+of+Ghent&pg=PA201">"Henry of Ghent on Freedom and Human Action"</a>. In Decorte, Jos; Guldentops, Guy; Steel, Carlos G. (eds.). <i>Henry of Ghent and the Transformation of Scholastic Thought: Studies in Memory of Jos Decorte</i>. Leuven, Belgium: Leuven University Press. p. 201. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789058673299" title="Special:BookSources/9789058673299"><bdi>9789058673299</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Henry+of+Ghent+on+Freedom+and+Human+Action&rft.btitle=Henry+of+Ghent+and+the+Transformation+of+Scholastic+Thought%3A+Studies+in+Memory+of+Jos+Decorte&rft.place=Leuven%2C+Belgium&rft.pages=201&rft.pub=Leuven+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9789058673299&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=M.+W.+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-bwuXbEFL5cC%26dq%3D1293%2BHenry%2Bof%2BGhent%26pg%3DPA201&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLegg2004" class="citation book cs1">Legg, Katrina (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7d6GtVT1kBEC&dq=1293+Isabel+de+Forz&pg=PA11"><i>Bolton Priory: Its Patrons and Benefactors 1120-1293</i></a>. Borthwick Papers. Vol. 106. York: Borthwick Publications. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781904497134" title="Special:BookSources/9781904497134"><bdi>9781904497134</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bolton+Priory%3A+Its+Patrons+and+Benefactors+1120-1293&rft.place=York&rft.series=Borthwick+Papers&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Borthwick+Publications&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9781904497134&rft.aulast=Legg&rft.aufirst=Katrina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7d6GtVT1kBEC%26dq%3D1293%2BIsabel%2Bde%2BForz%26pg%3DPA11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaag2012" class="citation book cs1">Haag, Michael (2012). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tragedyoftemplar00haag"><i>The Tragedy of the Templars: The Rise and Fall of the Crusader States</i></a></span>. Suffolk: Profile. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tragedyoftemplar00haag/page/241">241</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781847658548" title="Special:BookSources/9781847658548"><bdi>9781847658548</bdi></a>. <q>1293 Al-Ashraf Khalil.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Tragedy+of+the+Templars%3A+The+Rise+and+Fall+of+the+Crusader+States&rft.place=Suffolk&rft.pages=241&rft.pub=Profile&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781847658548&rft.aulast=Haag&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftragedyoftemplar00haag&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMontpéreux1839" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Montpéreux, Frédéric Dubois de (1839). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sDwEAAAAYAAJ&dq=1293+David+VI+Narin&pg=PA164"><i>Voyage autour du Caucase, chez les Tcherkesses et les Abkhases, en Colchide, en Géorgie, en Arménie et en Crimée</i></a> (in French). Vol. II. Paris: Librairie de Gide. p. 164.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Voyage+autour+du+Caucase%2C+chez+les+Tcherkesses+et+les+Abkhases%2C+en+Colchide%2C+en+G%C3%A9orgie%2C+en+Arm%C3%A9nie+et+en+Crim%C3%A9e&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=164&rft.pub=Librairie+de+Gide&rft.date=1839&rft.aulast=Montp%C3%A9reux&rft.aufirst=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric+Dubois+de&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsDwEAAAAYAAJ%26dq%3D1293%2BDavid%2BVI%2BNarin%26pg%3DPA164&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRuysbroeckPian_de_Carpine1998" class="citation book cs1">Ruysbroeck, Willem van; Pian de Carpine, John of (1998) [1900]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ELmBrO-ipYIC&q=+1293"><i>The Journey of William of Rubruck to the Eastern Parts of the World, 1253-55: As Narrated by Himself with Two Accounts of the Earlier Journey of John of Pian de Carpine</i></a>. Translated by Woodville Rockhill, William. New Delhi, Madras: Asian Educational Services. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788120613386" title="Special:BookSources/9788120613386"><bdi>9788120613386</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Journey+of+William+of+Rubruck+to+the+Eastern+Parts+of+the+World%2C+1253-55%3A+As+Narrated+by+Himself+with+Two+Accounts+of+the+Earlier+Journey+of+John+of+Pian+de+Carpine&rft.place=New+Delhi%2C+Madras&rft.pub=Asian+Educational+Services&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9788120613386&rft.aulast=Ruysbroeck&rft.aufirst=Willem+van&rft.au=Pian+de+Carpine%2C+John+of&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DELmBrO-ipYIC%26q%3D%2B1293&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1293" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1293&oldid=1211404627">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1293&oldid=1211404627</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1293" title="Category:1293">1293</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)">CS1 French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_February_2011" title="Category:Use mdy dates from February 2011">Use mdy dates from February 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 2 March 2024, at 10:48<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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