TensorFlow Federated

<!doctype html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta name="google-signin-client-id" content="157101835696-ooapojlodmuabs2do2vuhhnf90bccmoi.apps.googleusercontent.com"> <meta name="google-signin-scope" content="profile email https://www.googleapis.com/auth/developerprofiles https://www.googleapis.com/auth/developerprofiles.award"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="TensorFlow"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta name="theme-color" content="#ff6f00"><meta charset="utf-8"> <meta content="IE=Edge" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="manifest" href="/_pwa/tensorflow/manifest.json" crossorigin="use-credentials"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//www.gstatic.com" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="//fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="//fonts.googleapis.com" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="//apis.google.com" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="//www.google-analytics.com" crossorigin><link rel="stylesheet" href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Google+Sans:400,500|Roboto:400,400italic,500,500italic,700,700italic|Roboto+Mono:400,500,700&display=swap"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Icons&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined&display=block"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow/css/app.css"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow/images/favicon.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow/images/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated"><link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="TensorFlow" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/s/opensearch.xml"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="ar" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=ar" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="bn" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=bn" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=zh-cn" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=zh-tw" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="fa" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=fa" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=fr" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="he" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=he" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="hi" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=hi" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="id" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=id" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="it" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=it" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="ja" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=ja" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="ko" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=ko" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="pl" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=pl" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt-BR" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=pt-br" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=pt" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="ru" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=ru" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="es" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=es" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="es-419" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=es-419" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="th" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=th" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="tr" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=tr" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="vi" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated?hl=vi" /><title>TensorFlow Federated</title> <meta property="og:title" content="TensorFlow Federated"><meta name="description" content="An open-source framework for machine learning and other computations on decentralized data. TFF has been developed to facilitate open research and experimentation."> <meta property="og:description" content="An open-source framework for machine learning and other computations on decentralized data. TFF has been developed to facilitate open research and experimentation."><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated"><meta property="og:image" content="https://www.tensorflow.org/static/images/tf_logo_social.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="675"><meta property="og:locale" content="en"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Article", "headline": "" } </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/extras.css"></head> <body class="" template="landing" theme="tensorflow-theme" type="article" layout="full" pending> <devsite-progress type="indeterminate" id="app-progress"></devsite-progress> <section class="devsite-wrapper"> <devsite-cookie-notification-bar></devsite-cookie-notification-bar><devsite-header role="banner"> <div class="devsite-header--inner nocontent"> <div class="devsite-top-logo-row-wrapper-wrapper"> <div class="devsite-top-logo-row-wrapper"> <div class="devsite-top-logo-row"> <button type="button" id="devsite-hamburger-menu" class="devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Navigation menu button" visually-hidden aria-label="Open menu"> </button> <div class="devsite-product-name-wrapper"> <a href="/" class="devsite-site-logo-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Site logo" track-type="globalNav" track-name="tensorFlow" track-metadata-position="nav" track-metadata-eventDetail="nav"> <picture> <img src="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow/images/lockup.svg" class="devsite-site-logo" alt="TensorFlow"> </picture> </a> <span class="devsite-product-name"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" > <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> </li> </ul> </span> </div> <div class="devsite-top-logo-row-middle"> <div class="devsite-header-upper-tabs"> <devsite-tabs class="upper-tabs"> <nav class="devsite-tabs-wrapper" aria-label="Upper tabs"> <tab > <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/install" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/install" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - install" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Install" track-name="install" > Install </a> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown "> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/learn" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/learn" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - learn" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Learn" track-name="learn" > Learn </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Learn" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/learn" track-metadata-position="nav - learn" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Learn" track-name="learn" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column tfo-menu-column-learn"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/learn" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/learn" track-metadata-position="nav - learn" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Introduction </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> New to TensorFlow? </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/tutorials" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/tutorials" track-metadata-position="nav - learn" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Tutorials </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Learn how to use TensorFlow with end-to-end examples </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide" track-metadata-position="nav - learn" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Guide </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Learn framework concepts and components </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/learn-ml" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/learn-ml" track-metadata-position="nav - learn" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Learn ML </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Educational resources to master your path with TensorFlow </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown "> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/api" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/api" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - api" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: API" track-name="api" > API </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for API" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/api" track-metadata-position="nav - api" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: API" track-name="api" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/api/stable" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/api/stable" track-metadata-position="nav - api" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> TensorFlow (v2.16.1) </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/versions" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/versions" track-metadata-position="nav - api" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Versions… </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://js.tensorflow.org/api/latest/" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://js.tensorflow.org/api/latest/" track-metadata-position="nav - api" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> TensorFlow.js </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/lite/api_docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/lite/api_docs" track-metadata-position="nav - api" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> TensorFlow Lite </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/tfx/api_docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/tfx/api_docs" track-metadata-position="nav - api" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> TFX </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown devsite-active "> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="primary nav" aria-label="Resources, selected" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Resources" track-name="resources" > Resources </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Resources" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Resources" track-name="resources" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>LIBRARIES</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/js" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/js" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="libraries" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> TensorFlow.js </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Develop web ML applications in JavaScript </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/lite" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/lite" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="libraries" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> TensorFlow Lite </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Deploy ML on mobile, microcontrollers and other edge devices </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/tfx" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/tfx" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="libraries" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> TFX </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Build production ML pipelines </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/libraries-extensions" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/libraries-extensions" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="libraries" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> All libraries </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Create advanced models and extend TensorFlow </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>RESOURCES</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/models-datasets" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/models-datasets" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="resources" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Models & datasets </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Pre-trained models and datasets built by Google and the community </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/tools" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/tools" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="resources" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Tools </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Tools to support and accelerate TensorFlow workflows </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/responsible_ai" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/responsible_ai" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="resources" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Responsible AI </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Resources for every stage of the ML workflow </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/recommendation-systems" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/recommendation-systems" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="resources" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Recommendation systems </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Build recommendation systems with open source tools </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown "> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/community" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/community" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - community" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Community" track-name="community" > Community </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Community" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/community" track-metadata-position="nav - community" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Community" track-name="community" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/community/groups" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/community/groups" track-metadata-position="nav - community" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Groups </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> User groups, interest groups and mailing lists </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/community/contribute" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/community/contribute" track-metadata-position="nav - community" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Contribute </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Guide for contributing to code and documentation </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://blog.tensorflow.org/" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://blog.tensorflow.org/" track-metadata-position="nav - community" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Blog </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Stay up to date with all things TensorFlow </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://discuss.tensorflow.org" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://discuss.tensorflow.org" track-metadata-position="nav - community" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Forum </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Discussion platform for the TensorFlow community </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown "> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/about" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/about" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - why tensorflow" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Why TensorFlow" track-name="why tensorflow" > Why TensorFlow </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Why TensorFlow" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/about" track-metadata-position="nav - why tensorflow" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Why TensorFlow" track-name="why tensorflow" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/about" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/about" track-metadata-position="nav - why tensorflow" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> About </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/about/case-studies" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/about/case-studies" track-metadata-position="nav - why tensorflow" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Case studies </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> </nav> </devsite-tabs> </div> <devsite-search enable-signin enable-search enable-suggestions enable-query-completion project-name="TensorFlow Federated" tenant-name="TensorFlow" > <form class="devsite-search-form" action="https://www.tensorflow.org/s/results" method="GET"> <div class="devsite-search-container"> <button type="button" search-open class="devsite-search-button devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons" aria-label="Open search"></button> <div class="devsite-searchbox"> <input aria-activedescendant="" aria-autocomplete="list" aria-label="Search" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="listbox" autocomplete="off" class="devsite-search-field devsite-search-query" name="q" placeholder="Search" role="combobox" type="text" value="" > <div class="devsite-search-image material-icons" aria-hidden="true"> </div> <div class="devsite-search-shortcut-icon-container" aria-hidden="true"> <kbd class="devsite-search-shortcut-icon">/</kbd> </div> </div> </div> </form> <button type="button" search-close class="devsite-search-button devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons" aria-label="Close search"></button> </devsite-search> </div> <devsite-language-selector> <ul role="presentation"> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="en" >English</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="es" >Español</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="es_419" >Español – América Latina</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="fr" >Français</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="id" >Indonesia</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="it" >Italiano</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="pl" >Polski</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="pt" >Português</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="pt_br" >Português – Brasil</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="vi" >Tiếng Việt</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="tr" >Türkçe</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ru" >Русский</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="he" >עברית</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ar" >العربيّة</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="fa" >فارسی</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="hi" >हिंदी</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="bn" >বাংলা</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="th" >ภาษาไทย</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="zh_cn" >中文 – 简体</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="zh_tw" >中文 – 繁體</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ja" >日本語</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ko" >한국어</a> </li> </ul> </devsite-language-selector> <a class="devsite-header-link devsite-top-button button gc-analytics-event" href="//github.com/tensorflow" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Site header link" > GitHub </a> <devsite-user enable-profiles id="devsite-user"> <span class="button devsite-top-button" aria-hidden="true" visually-hidden>Sign in</span> </devsite-user> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-collapsible-section "> <div class="devsite-header-background"> <div class="devsite-product-id-row" > <div class="devsite-product-description-row"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" > <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Lower Header" data-value="1" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="1" track-metadata-eventdetail="TensorFlow Federated" > Federated </a> </li> </ul> <div class="devsite-product-description"> An open-source framework for machine learning and other computations on decentralized data. TFF has been developed to facilitate open research and experimentation. </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-doc-set-nav-row"> <devsite-tabs class="lower-tabs"> <nav class="devsite-tabs-wrapper" aria-label="Lower tabs"> <tab class="devsite-active"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - overview" track-metadata-module="primary nav" aria-label="Overview, selected" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Overview" track-name="overview" > Overview </a> </tab> <tab > <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated/tutorials/tutorials_overview" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated/tutorials/tutorials_overview" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - tutorials" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Tutorials" track-name="tutorials" > Tutorials </a> </tab> <tab > <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated/get_started" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated/get_started" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - guide" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Guide" track-name="guide" > Guide </a> </tab> <tab > <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated/api_docs/python/tff" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated/api_docs/python/tff" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - api" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: API" track-name="api" > API </a> </tab> </nav> </devsite-tabs> </div> </div> </div> </div> </devsite-header> <devsite-book-nav scrollbars hidden> <div class="devsite-book-nav-filter" hidden> <span class="filter-list-icon material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></span> <input type="text" placeholder="Filter" aria-label="Type to filter" role="searchbox"> <span class="filter-clear-button hidden" data-title="Clear filter" aria-label="Clear filter" role="button" tabindex="0"></span> </div> <nav class="devsite-book-nav devsite-nav nocontent" aria-label="Side menu"> <div class="devsite-mobile-header"> <button type="button" id="devsite-close-nav" class="devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Close navigation" aria-label="Close navigation"> </button> <div class="devsite-product-name-wrapper"> <a href="/" class="devsite-site-logo-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Site logo" track-type="globalNav" track-name="tensorFlow" track-metadata-position="nav" track-metadata-eventDetail="nav"> <picture> <img src="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow/images/lockup.svg" class="devsite-site-logo" alt="TensorFlow"> </picture> </a> <span class="devsite-product-name"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" > <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> </li> </ul> </span> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-book-nav-wrapper"> <div class="devsite-mobile-nav-top"> <ul class="devsite-nav-list"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/install" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Install" track-name="install" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Install" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Install </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" > </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/learn" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Learn" track-name="learn" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Learn" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Learn </span> </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Learn" track-name="learn" > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip menu="Learn"> More </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" menu="Learn"> </span> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/api" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: API" track-name="api" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: API" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > API </span> </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: API" track-name="api" > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip menu="API"> More </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" menu="API"> </span> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/resources" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-active" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Resources" track-name="resources" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Resources" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Resources </span> </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Resources" track-name="resources" > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip menu="Resources"> More </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" menu="Resources"> </span> </span> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/federated" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-active" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Overview" track-name="overview" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Overview" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Overview </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/federated/tutorials/tutorials_overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Tutorials" track-name="tutorials" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Tutorials" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Tutorials </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" > </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/federated/get_started" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Guide" track-name="guide" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Guide" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Guide </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" > </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/federated/api_docs/python/tff" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: API" track-name="api" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: API" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > API </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" > </span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/community" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Community" track-name="community" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Community" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Community </span> </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Community" track-name="community" > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip menu="Community"> More </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" menu="Community"> </span> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/about" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Why TensorFlow" track-name="why tensorflow" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Why TensorFlow" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Why TensorFlow </span> </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Why TensorFlow" track-name="why tensorflow" > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip menu="Why TensorFlow"> More </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" menu="Why TensorFlow"> </span> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="//github.com/tensorflow" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: GitHub" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > GitHub </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-mobile-nav-bottom"> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Learn" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/learn" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Introduction" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Introduction </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/tutorials" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Tutorials" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Tutorials </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Guide" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Guide </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/resources/learn-ml" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Learn ML" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Learn ML </span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="API" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/api/stable" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: TensorFlow (v2.16.1)" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > TensorFlow (v2.16.1) </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/versions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Versions…" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Versions… </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://js.tensorflow.org/api/latest/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: TensorFlow.js" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > TensorFlow.js </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/lite/api_docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: TensorFlow Lite" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > TensorFlow Lite </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/tfx/api_docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: TFX" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > TFX </span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Resources" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > LIBRARIES </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/js" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: TensorFlow.js" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > TensorFlow.js </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/lite" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: TensorFlow Lite" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > TensorFlow Lite </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/tfx" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: TFX" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > TFX </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/resources/libraries-extensions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: All libraries" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > All libraries </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > RESOURCES </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/resources/models-datasets" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Models & datasets" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Models & datasets </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/resources/tools" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Tools" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Tools </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/responsible_ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Responsible AI" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Responsible AI </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/resources/recommendation-systems" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Recommendation systems" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Recommendation systems </span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Community" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/community/groups" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Groups" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Groups </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/community/contribute" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Contribute" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Contribute </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://blog.tensorflow.org/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Blog" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Blog </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://discuss.tensorflow.org" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Forum" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Forum </span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Why TensorFlow" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/about" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: About" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > About </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/about/case-studies" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Case studies" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Case studies </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </devsite-book-nav> <section id="gc-wrapper"> <main role="main" class="devsite-main-content" > <div class="devsite-sidebar"> <div class="devsite-sidebar-content"> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" role="navigation" aria-label="On this page" depth="2" scrollbars disabled></devsite-toc> <devsite-recommendations-sidebar class="nocontent devsite-nav"> </devsite-recommendations-sidebar> </div> </div> <devsite-content> <article class="devsite-article"><style> /* Styles inlined from /site-assets/css/style.css */ /* override theme */ table img { max-width: 100%; } /* .devsite-terminal virtualenv prompt */ .tfo-terminal-venv::before { content: "(venv) $ " !important; } /* .devsite-terminal root prompt */ .tfo-terminal-root::before { content: "# " !important; } /* Used in links for type annotations in function/method signatures */ .tfo-signature-link a, .tfo-signature-link a:visited, .tfo-signature-link a:hover, .tfo-signature-link a:focus, .tfo-signature-link a:hover *, .tfo-signature-link a:focus * { text-decoration: none !important; } .tfo-signature-link a, .tfo-signature-link a:visited { border-bottom: 1px dotted #1a73e8; } .tfo-signature-link a:focus { border-bottom-style: solid; } /* .devsite-terminal Windows prompt */ .tfo-terminal-windows::before { content: "C:\\> " !important; } /* .devsite-terminal Windows prompt w/ virtualenv */ .tfo-terminal-windows-venv::before { content: "(venv) C:\\> " !important; } .tfo-diff-green-one-level + * { background: rgba(175, 245, 162, .6) !important; } .tfo-diff-green + * > * { background: rgba(175, 245, 162, .6) !important; } .tfo-diff-green-list + ul > li:first-of-type { background: rgba(175, 245, 162, .6) !important; } .tfo-diff-red-one-level + * { background: rgba(255, 230, 230, .6) !important; text-decoration: line-through !important; } .tfo-diff-red + * > * { background: rgba(255, 230, 230, .6) !important; text-decoration: line-through !important; } .tfo-diff-red-list + ul > li:first-of-type { background: rgba(255, 230, 230, .6) !important; text-decoration: line-through !important; } devsite-code .tfo-notebook-code-cell-output { max-height: 300px; overflow: auto; background: rgba(255, 247, 237, 1); /* orange bg to distinguish from input code cells */ } devsite-code .tfo-notebook-code-cell-output + .devsite-code-buttons-container button { background: rgba(255, 247, 237, .7); /* orange bg to distinguish from input code cells */ } devsite-code[dark-code] .tfo-notebook-code-cell-output { background: rgba(64, 78, 103, 1); /* medium slate */ } devsite-code[dark-code] .tfo-notebook-code-cell-output + .devsite-code-buttons-container button { background: rgba(64, 78, 103, .7); /* medium slate */ } /* override default table styles for notebook buttons */ .devsite-table-wrapper .tfo-notebook-buttons { display: inline-block; margin-left: 3px; width: auto; } .tfo-notebook-buttons td { padding-left: 0; padding-right: 20px; } .tfo-notebook-buttons a, .tfo-notebook-buttons :link, .tfo-notebook-buttons :visited { border-radius: 8px; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px 0 rgba(60, 64, 67, .3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, .15); color: #202124; padding: 12px 17px; transition: box-shadow 0.2s; } .tfo-notebook-buttons a:hover, .tfo-notebook-buttons a:focus { box-shadow: 0 1px 2px 0 rgba(60, 64, 67, .3), 0 2px 6px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, .15); } .tfo-notebook-buttons tr { background: 0; border: 0; } /* on rendered notebook page, remove link to webpage since we're already here */ .tfo-notebook-buttons:not(.tfo-api) td:first-child { display: none; } .tfo-notebook-buttons td > a { -webkit-box-align: center; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; } .tfo-notebook-buttons td > a > img { margin-right: 8px; } /* landing pages */ .tfo-landing-row-item-inset-white { background-color: #fff; padding: 32px; } .tfo-landing-row-item-inset-white ol, .tfo-landing-row-item-inset-white ul { padding-left: 20px; } /* colab callout button */ .colab-callout-row devsite-code { border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0; box-shadow: none; } .colab-callout-footer { background: #e3e4e7; border-radius: 0 0 8px 8px; color: #37474f; padding: 20px; } .colab-callout-row devsite-code[dark-code] + .colab-callout-footer { background: #3f4f66; } .colab-callout-footer > .button { margin-top: 4px; color: #ff5c00; } .colab-callout-footer > a > span { vertical-align: middle; color: #37474f; padding-left: 10px; font-size: 14px; } .colab-callout-row devsite-code[dark-code] + .colab-callout-footer > a > span { color: #fff; } a.colab-button { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .75); border: solid 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, .08); border-bottom-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, .15); border-radius: 4px; color: #aaa; display: inline-block; font-size: 11px !important; font-weight: 300; line-height: 16px; padding: 4px 8px; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; } a.colab-button:hover { background: white; border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, .2); color: #666; } a.colab-button span { background: url(/images/colab_logo_button.svg) no-repeat 1px 1px / 20px; border-radius: 4px; display: inline-block; padding-left: 24px; text-decoration: none; } @media screen and (max-width: 600px) { .tfo-notebook-buttons td { display: block; } } /* guide and tutorials landing page cards and sections */ .tfo-landing-page-card { padding: 16px; box-shadow: 0 0 36px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border-radius: 10px; } /* Page section headings */ .tfo-landing-page-heading h2, h2.tfo-landing-page-heading { font-family: "Google Sans", sans-serif; color: #425066; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 700; line-height: 40px; } /* Item title headings */ .tfo-landing-page-heading h3, h3.tfo-landing-page-heading, .tfo-landing-page-card h3, h3.tfo-landing-page-card { font-family: "Google Sans", sans-serif; color: #425066; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 26px; } /* List of tutorials notebooks for subsites */ .tfo-landing-page-resources-ul { padding-left: 15px } .tfo-landing-page-resources-ul > li { margin: 6px 0; } /* Temporary fix to hide product description in header on landing pages */ devsite-header .devsite-product-description { display: none; } </style> <div class="devsite-article-meta nocontent" role="navigation"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" aria-label="Breadcrumb"> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="1" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="1" track-metadata-eventdetail="TensorFlow" > TensorFlow </a> </li> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <div class="devsite-breadcrumb-guillemet material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></div> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="2" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="2" track-metadata-eventdetail="" > Resources </a> </li> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <div class="devsite-breadcrumb-guillemet material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></div> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="3" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="3" track-metadata-eventdetail="TensorFlow Federated" > Federated </a> </li> </ul> </div> <devsite-feature-tooltip ack-key="AckCollectionsBookmarkTooltipDismiss" analytics-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" analytics-action-show="Callout Profile displayed" analytics-action-close="Callout Profile dismissed" analytics-label="Create Collection Callout" class="devsite-page-bookmark-tooltip nocontent" dismiss-button="true" id="devsite-collections-dropdown" dismiss-button-text="Dismiss" close-button-text="Got it"> <devsite-bookmark></devsite-bookmark> <span slot="popout-heading"> Stay organized with collections </span> <span slot="popout-contents"> Save and categorize content based on your preferences. </span> </devsite-feature-tooltip> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" depth="2" devsite-toc-embedded disabled> </devsite-toc> <div class="devsite-article-body clearfix devsite-no-page-title"> <section class="devsite-landing-row devsite-landing-row-1-up" header-position="top" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-inner"> <header class="devsite-landing-row-header" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-header-text"> <h2 id="tensorflow-federated-machine-learning-on-decentralized-data" data-text="TensorFlow Federated: Machine Learning on Decentralized Data" tabindex="0"> TensorFlow Federated: Machine Learning on Decentralized Data </h2> </div> </header> <div class="devsite-landing-row-group"> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item devsite-landing-row-50" description-position="bottom" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-media "> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-code"> <pre class = "prettyprint" translate="no" dir="ltr"> import collections import tensorflow as tf import tensorflow_federated as tff # Load simulation data. source, _ = tff.simulation.datasets.emnist.load_data() def client_data(n): return source.create_tf_dataset_for_client(source.client_ids[n]).map( lambda e: (tf.reshape(e['pixels'], [-1]), e['label']) ).repeat(10).batch(20) # Pick a subset of client devices to participate in training. train_data = [client_data(n) for n in range(3)] # Wrap a Keras model for use with TFF. keras_model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([ tf.keras.layers.Dense( 10, tf.nn.softmax, input_shape=(784,), kernel_initializer='zeros') ]) tff_model = tff.learning.models.functional_model_from_keras( keras_model, loss_fn=tf.keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(), input_spec=train_data[0].element_spec, metrics_constructor=collections.OrderedDict( accuracy=tf.keras.metrics.SparseCategoricalAccuracy)) # Simulate a few rounds of training with the selected client devices. trainer = tff.learning.algorithms.build_weighted_fed_avg( tff_model, client_optimizer_fn=tff.learning.optimizers.build_sgdm(learning_rate=0.1)) state = trainer.initialize() for _ in range(5): result = trainer.next(state, train_data) state = result.state metrics = result.metrics print(metrics['client_work']['train']['accuracy']) </pre> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-description" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-body"> <ul class="devsite-landing-row-item-list"> <li class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item"> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item-content" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item-description"> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item-description-content">  <p>TensorFlow Federated (TFF) is an open-source framework for machine learning and other computations on decentralized data. TFF has been developed to facilitate open research and experimentation with <a href="https://ai.googleblog.com/2017/04/federated-learning-collaborative.html" class="external">Federated Learning (FL)</a>, an approach to machine learning where a shared global model is trained across many participating clients that keep their training data locally. For example, FL has been used to train <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1811.03604" class="external">prediction models for mobile keyboards</a> without uploading sensitive typing data to servers.</p> <p>TFF enables developers to simulate the included federated learning algorithms on their models and data, as well as to experiment with novel algorithms. Researchers will find <a href="/federated/tff_for_research">starting points and complete examples</a> for many kinds of research. The building blocks provided by TFF can also be used to implement non-learning computations, such as <a href="https://ai.googleblog.com/2020/05/federated-analytics-collaborative-data.html">federated analytics</a>. TFF’s interfaces are organized in two main layers:</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item"> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item-content" icon-position="left" > <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated/federated_learning"> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item-icon-container" background="grey" foreground="theme" size="medium" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item-icon material-icons" aria-hidden="true"> chevron_right </div> </div> </a> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item-description"> <h4 id="federated-learning-fl-api" data-text="Federated Learning (FL) API" class=" no-link" tabindex="0"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated/federated_learning"> Federated Learning (FL) API </a> </h4> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item-description-content"> This layer offers a set of high-level interfaces that allow developers to apply the included implementations of federated training and evaluation to their existing TensorFlow models. </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item"> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item-content" icon-position="left" > <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated/federated_core"> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item-icon-container" background="grey" foreground="theme" size="medium" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item-icon material-icons" aria-hidden="true"> chevron_right </div> </div> </a> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item-description"> <h4 id="federated-core-fc-api" data-text="Federated Core (FC) API" class=" no-link" tabindex="0"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/federated/federated_core"> Federated Core (FC) API </a> </h4> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item-description-content"> At the core of the system is a set of lower-level interfaces for concisely expressing novel federated algorithms by combining TensorFlow with distributed communication operators within a strongly-typed functional programming environment. This layer also serves as the foundation upon which we've built Federated Learning. </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item"> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item-content" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item-description"> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-list-item-description-content"> <p>TFF enables developers to declaratively express federated computations, so they could be deployed to diverse runtime environments. Included with TFF is a performant multi-machine simulation runtime for experiments. Please visit the <a href="/federated/tutorials/tutorials_overview">tutorials</a> and try it out yourself!</p> <p>For questions and support, find us at the <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/tensorflow-federated">tensorflow-federated tag</a> on StackOverflow.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="devsite-landing-row devsite-landing-row-4-up devsite-landing-row-cards" header-position="top" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-inner"> <div class="devsite-landing-row-group"> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item" description-position="bottom" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-media "> <devsite-video autohide="1" showinfo="0" video-id="ssM0iQRR94E" ></devsite-video> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-description" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-body"> <h3 id="federated-learning-and-analytics-research-demos-using-tff" data-text="Federated Learning and Analytics Research Demos using TFF" class="hide-from-toc no-link" tabindex="0"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ssM0iQRR94E"> Federated Learning and Analytics Research Demos using TFF </a> </h3> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-buttons"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ssM0iQRR94E" class="button button-white " >Watch the video</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item" description-position="bottom" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-media "> <devsite-video autohide="1" showinfo="0" video-id="JBNas6Yd30A" ></devsite-video> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-description" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-body"> <h3 id="federated-learning-workshop-using-tensorflow-federated" data-text="Federated Learning Workshop using TensorFlow Federated" class="hide-from-toc no-link" tabindex="0"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JBNas6Yd30A"> Federated Learning Workshop using TensorFlow Federated </a> </h3> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-buttons"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JBNas6Yd30A" class="button button-white " >Watch the video</a> <a href="https://events.withgoogle.com/demostutorials-workshop-on-federated-learning-and-analytics-2020" class="button button-white " >Visit the workshop site</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item" description-position="bottom" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-media "> <devsite-video autohide="1" showinfo="0" video-id="1YbPmkChcbo" ></devsite-video> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-description" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-body"> <h3 id="tensorflow-federated-tff-machine-learning-on-decentralized-data" data-text="TensorFlow Federated (TFF): Machine Learning on Decentralized Data" class="hide-from-toc no-link" tabindex="0"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1YbPmkChcbo"> TensorFlow Federated (TFF): Machine Learning on Decentralized Data </a> </h3> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-buttons"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1YbPmkChcbo" class="button button-white " >Watch the video</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item" description-position="bottom" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-media "> <figure class="devsite-landing-row-item-image"> <a href="https://blog.tensorflow.org/2019/03/introducing-tensorflow-federated.html"> <picture> <img alt="" src="https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/tf-logo-card-16x9.png" srcset="https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/tf-logo-card-16x9_36.png 36w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/tf-logo-card-16x9_48.png 48w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/tf-logo-card-16x9_72.png 72w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/tf-logo-card-16x9_96.png 96w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/tf-logo-card-16x9_480.png 480w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/tf-logo-card-16x9_720.png 720w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/tf-logo-card-16x9_856.png 856w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/tf-logo-card-16x9_960.png 960w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/tf-logo-card-16x9_1440.png 1440w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/tf-logo-card-16x9_1920.png 1920w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/tf-logo-card-16x9_2880.png 2880w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 50vw, (max-width: 840px) 25vw, 342px" loading="lazy" > </picture> </a> </figure> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-description" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-body"> <h3 id="introducing-tensorflow-federated" data-text="Introducing TensorFlow Federated" class="hide-from-toc no-link" tabindex="0"> <a href="https://blog.tensorflow.org/2019/03/introducing-tensorflow-federated.html"> Introducing TensorFlow Federated </a> </h3> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-buttons"> <a href="https://blog.tensorflow.org/2019/03/introducing-tensorflow-federated.html" class="button button-white " >Read on TensorFlow blog</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="devsite-landing-row devsite-landing-row-3-up devsite-landing-row-cards" header-position="top" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-inner"> <div class="devsite-landing-row-group"> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item" description-position="bottom" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-media "> <figure class="devsite-landing-row-item-image"> <a href="https://github.com/google-parfait/tensorflow-federated"> <picture> <img alt="" src="https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/github-card-16x9.png" srcset="https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/github-card-16x9_36.png 36w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/github-card-16x9_48.png 48w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/github-card-16x9_72.png 72w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/github-card-16x9_96.png 96w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/github-card-16x9_480.png 480w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/github-card-16x9_720.png 720w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/github-card-16x9_856.png 856w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/github-card-16x9_960.png 960w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/github-card-16x9_1440.png 1440w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/github-card-16x9_1920.png 1920w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/github-card-16x9_2880.png 2880w" sizes="(max-width: 840px) 50vw, 464px" loading="lazy" > </picture> </a> </figure> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-description" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-body"> <h3 id="tf-federated-on-github" data-text="TF Federated on GitHub" class="hide-from-toc no-link" tabindex="0"> <a href="https://github.com/google-parfait/tensorflow-federated"> TF Federated on GitHub </a> </h3> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-buttons"> <a href="https://github.com/google-parfait/tensorflow-federated" class="button button-white " >View on GitHub</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item" description-position="bottom" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-media "> <figure class="devsite-landing-row-item-image"> <a href="https://ai.googleblog.com/2017/04/federated-learning-collaborative.html"> <picture> <img alt="" src="https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9.png" srcset="https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_36.png 36w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_48.png 48w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_72.png 72w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_96.png 96w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_480.png 480w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_720.png 720w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_856.png 856w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_960.png 960w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_1440.png 1440w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_1920.png 1920w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_2880.png 2880w" sizes="(max-width: 840px) 50vw, 464px" loading="lazy" > </picture> </a> </figure> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-description" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-body"> <h3 id="federated-learning-collaborative-machine-learning-without-centralized-training-data" data-text="Federated Learning: Collaborative Machine Learning without Centralized Training Data" class="hide-from-toc no-link" tabindex="0"> <a href="https://ai.googleblog.com/2017/04/federated-learning-collaborative.html"> Federated Learning: Collaborative Machine Learning without Centralized Training Data </a> </h3> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-buttons"> <a href="https://ai.googleblog.com/2017/04/federated-learning-collaborative.html" class="button button-white " >Read on Google AI blog</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item" description-position="bottom" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-media "> <figure class="devsite-landing-row-item-image"> <a href="https://ai.googleblog.com/2020/05/federated-analytics-collaborative-data.html"> <picture> <img alt="" src="https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9.png" srcset="https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_36.png 36w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_48.png 48w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_72.png 72w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_96.png 96w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_480.png 480w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_720.png 720w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_856.png 856w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_960.png 960w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_1440.png 1440w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_1920.png 1920w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_2880.png 2880w" sizes="(max-width: 840px) 50vw, 464px" loading="lazy" > </picture> </a> </figure> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-description" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-body"> <h3 id="federated-analytics-collaborative-data-science-without-data-collection" data-text="Federated Analytics: Collaborative Data Science without Data Collection" class="hide-from-toc no-link" tabindex="0"> <a href="https://ai.googleblog.com/2020/05/federated-analytics-collaborative-data.html"> Federated Analytics: Collaborative Data Science without Data Collection </a> </h3> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-buttons"> <a href="https://ai.googleblog.com/2020/05/federated-analytics-collaborative-data.html" class="button button-white " >Read on Google AI blog</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="devsite-landing-row devsite-landing-row-3-up devsite-landing-row-cards" header-position="top" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-inner"> <div class="devsite-landing-row-group"> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item" description-position="bottom" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-media "> <figure class="devsite-landing-row-item-image"> <a href="https://ai.googleblog.com/2021/12/a-scalable-approach-for-partially-local.html"> <picture> <img alt="" src="https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9.png" srcset="https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_36.png 36w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_48.png 48w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_72.png 72w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_96.png 96w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_480.png 480w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_720.png 720w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_856.png 856w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_960.png 960w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_1440.png 1440w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_1920.png 1920w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/google-research-card-16x9_2880.png 2880w" sizes="(max-width: 840px) 50vw, 464px" loading="lazy" > </picture> </a> </figure> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-description" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-body"> <h3 id="federated-reconstruction-a-scalable-approach-for-partially-local-federated-learning" data-text="Federated Reconstruction: A Scalable Approach for Partially Local Federated Learning" class="hide-from-toc no-link" tabindex="0"> <a href="https://ai.googleblog.com/2021/12/a-scalable-approach-for-partially-local.html"> Federated Reconstruction: A Scalable Approach for Partially Local Federated Learning </a> </h3> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-buttons"> <a href="https://ai.googleblog.com/2021/12/a-scalable-approach-for-partially-local.html" class="button button-white " >Read on Google AI blog</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item" description-position="bottom" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-media "> <devsite-video autohide="1" showinfo="0" video-id="gbRJPa9d-VU" ></devsite-video> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-description" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-body"> <h3 id="making-every-phone-smarter-with-federated-learning" data-text="Making every phone smarter with Federated Learning" class="hide-from-toc no-link" tabindex="0"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gbRJPa9d-VU"> Making every phone smarter with Federated Learning </a> </h3> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-buttons"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gbRJPa9d-VU" class="button button-white " >Watch the video</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item" description-position="bottom" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-media "> <figure class="devsite-landing-row-item-image"> <a href="https://federated.withgoogle.com"> <picture> <img alt="" src="https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/federated-learning-promo-card-16x9.png" srcset="https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/federated-learning-promo-card-16x9_36.png 36w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/federated-learning-promo-card-16x9_48.png 48w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/federated-learning-promo-card-16x9_72.png 72w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/federated-learning-promo-card-16x9_96.png 96w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/federated-learning-promo-card-16x9_480.png 480w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/federated-learning-promo-card-16x9_720.png 720w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/federated-learning-promo-card-16x9_856.png 856w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/federated-learning-promo-card-16x9_960.png 960w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/federated-learning-promo-card-16x9_1440.png 1440w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/federated-learning-promo-card-16x9_1920.png 1920w,https://www.tensorflow.org/static/resources/images/federated-learning-promo-card-16x9_2880.png 2880w" sizes="(max-width: 840px) 50vw, 464px" loading="lazy" > </picture> </a> </figure> </div> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-description" > <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-body"> <h3 id="federated-learning-comic-book-from-google-ai" data-text="Federated learning comic book from Google AI" class="hide-from-toc no-link" tabindex="0"> <a href="https://federated.withgoogle.com"> Federated learning comic book from Google AI </a> </h3> <div class="devsite-landing-row-item-buttons"> <a href="https://federated.withgoogle.com" class="button button-white " >View the comic online</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="devsite-floating-action-buttons"> </div> </article> <devsite-notification > </devsite-notification> <div class="devsite-content-data"> <template class="devsite-content-data-template"> [[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Missing the information I need","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Too complicated / too many steps","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Out of date","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Samples / code issue","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],[],[],[]] </template> </div> </devsite-content> </main> <devsite-footer-promos class="devsite-footer"> </devsite-footer-promos> <devsite-footer-linkboxes class="devsite-footer"> <nav class="devsite-footer-linkboxes nocontent" aria-label="Footer links"> <ul class="devsite-footer-linkboxes-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox "> <h3 class="devsite-footer-linkbox-heading no-link">Stay connected</h3> <ul class="devsite-footer-linkbox-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//blog.tensorflow.org" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 1)" > Blog </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//discuss.tensorflow.org" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 2)" > Forum </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//github.com/tensorflow/" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 3)" > GitHub </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//twitter.com/tensorflow" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 4)" > Twitter </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//youtube.com/tensorflow" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 5)" > YouTube </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox "> <h3 class="devsite-footer-linkbox-heading no-link">Support</h3> <ul class="devsite-footer-linkbox-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/issues" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 1)" > Issue tracker </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/RELEASE.md" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 2)" > Release notes </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/tensorflow" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 3)" > Stack Overflow </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/extras/tensorflow_brand_guidelines.pdf" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 4)" > Brand guidelines </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/about/bib" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 5)" > Cite TensorFlow </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> </devsite-footer-linkboxes> <devsite-footer-utility class="devsite-footer"> <div class="devsite-footer-utility nocontent"> <nav class="devsite-footer-utility-links" aria-label="Utility links"> <ul class="devsite-footer-utility-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-utility-item "> <a class="devsite-footer-utility-link gc-analytics-event" href="//policies.google.com/terms" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Terms link" > Terms </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-utility-item "> <a class="devsite-footer-utility-link gc-analytics-event" href="//policies.google.com/privacy" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Privacy link" > Privacy </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-utility-item glue-cookie-notification-bar-control"> <a class="devsite-footer-utility-link gc-analytics-event" href="#" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Manage cookies link" aria-hidden="true" > Manage cookies </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-utility-item devsite-footer-utility-button"> <span class="devsite-footer-utility-description">Sign up for the TensorFlow newsletter</span> <a class="devsite-footer-utility-link gc-analytics-event" href="//www.tensorflow.org/subscribe" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Subscribe link" > Subscribe </a> </li> </ul> <devsite-language-selector> <ul role="presentation"> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="en" >English</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="es" >Español</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="es_419" >Español – América Latina</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="fr" >Français</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="id" >Indonesia</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="it" >Italiano</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="pl" >Polski</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="pt" >Português</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="pt_br" >Português – Brasil</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="vi" >Tiếng Việt</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="tr" >Türkçe</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ru" >Русский</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="he" >עברית</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ar" >العربيّة</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="fa" >فارسی</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="hi" >हिंदी</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="bn" >বাংলা</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="th" >ภาษาไทย</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="zh_cn" >中文 – 简体</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="zh_tw" >中文 – 繁體</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ja" >日本語</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ko" >한국어</a> </li> </ul> </devsite-language-selector> </nav> </div> </devsite-footer-utility> <devsite-panel></devsite-panel> </section></section> <devsite-sitemask></devsite-sitemask> <devsite-snackbar></devsite-snackbar> <devsite-tooltip ></devsite-tooltip> <devsite-heading-link></devsite-heading-link> <devsite-analytics> <script type="application/json" analytics>[{"dimensions": {"dimension4": "TensorFlow Federated", "dimension3": false, "dimension1": "Signed out", "dimension12": false, "dimension6": "en", "dimension5": "en"}, "gaid": "UA-69864048-1", "metrics": {"ratings_value": "metric1", "ratings_count": "metric2"}, "purpose": 0}]</script> <script type="application/json" tag-management>{"at": "True", "ga4": [], "ga4p": [], "gtm": [{"id": "GTM-MXSL34P", "purpose": 0}], "parameters": {"internalUser": "False", "language": {"machineTranslated": "False", "requested": "en", "served": "en"}, "pageType": "article", "projectName": "TensorFlow Federated", "signedIn": "False", "tenant": "tensorflow", "recommendations": {"sourcePage": "", "sourceType": 0, "sourceRank": 0, "sourceIdenticalDescriptions": 0, "sourceTitleWords": 0, "sourceDescriptionWords": 0, "experiment": ""}, "experiment": {"ids": ""}}}</script> </devsite-analytics> <devsite-badger></devsite-badger> <script nonce="anGn4z6xI7crn252dZd1eZ3bwvIj0x"> (function(d,e,v,s,i,t,E){d['GoogleDevelopersObject']=i; t=e.createElement(v);t.async=1;t.src=s;E=e.getElementsByTagName(v)[0]; E.parentNode.insertBefore(t,E);})(window, document, 'script', 'https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow/js/app_loader.js', '[15,"en",null,"/js/devsite_app_module.js","https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625","https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow","https://tensorflow-dot-devsite-v2-prod-3p.appspot.com",1,null,["/_pwa/tensorflow/manifest.json","https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/images/video-placeholder.svg","https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow/images/favicon.png","https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow/images/lockup.svg","https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Google+Sans:400,500|Roboto:400,400italic,500,500italic,700,700italic|Roboto+Mono:400,500,700&display=swap"],1,null,[1,6,8,12,14,17,21,25,50,52,63,70,75,76,80,87,91,92,93,97,98,100,101,102,103,104,105,107,108,109,110,112,113,117,118,120,122,124,125,126,127,129,130,131,132,133,134,135,136,138,140,141,147,148,149,151,152,156,157,158,159,161,163,164,168,169,170,179,180,182,183,186,191,193,196],"AIzaSyCNm9YxQumEXwGJgTDjxoxXK6m1F-9720Q","AIzaSyCc76DZePGtoyUjqKrLdsMGk_ry7sljLbY","www.tensorflow.org","AIzaSyB9bqgQ2t11WJsOX8qNsCQ6U-w91mmqF-I","AIzaSyAdYnStPdzjcJJtQ0mvIaeaMKj7_t6J_Fg",null,null,null,["Profiles__enable_awarding_url","Profiles__enable_completecodelab_endpoint","MiscFeatureFlags__enable_view_transitions","Profiles__enable_developer_profiles_callout","MiscFeatureFlags__emergency_css","Profiles__enable_dashboard_curated_recommendations","TpcFeatures__enable_mirror_tenant_redirects","Profiles__enable_page_saving","BookNav__enable_tenant_cache_key","CloudShell__cloud_shell_button","DevPro__enable_cloud_innovators_plus","Profiles__enable_recognition_badges","MiscFeatureFlags__enable_explain_this_code","TpcFeatures__enable_required_headers","Cloud__enable_cloud_shell","Cloud__enable_cloudx_experiment_ids","Cloud__enable_legacy_calculator_redirect","Experiments__reqs_query_experiments","Concierge__enable_pushui","Profiles__enable_release_notes_notifications","MiscFeatureFlags__enable_project_variables","SignIn__enable_refresh_access_tokens","Analytics__enable_clearcut_logging","Search__enable_dynamic_content_confidential_banner","Cloud__enable_cloud_dlp_service","Search__enable_ai_eligibility_checks","MiscFeatureFlags__developers_footer_dark_image","MiscFeatureFlags__enable_firebase_utm","Cloud__enable_llm_concierge_chat","Profiles__enable_complete_playlist_endpoint","Search__enable_page_map","Search__enable_suggestions_from_borg","Profiles__enable_public_developer_profiles","Profiles__require_profile_eligibility_for_signin","MiscFeatureFlags__developers_footer_image","Profiles__enable_profile_collections","CloudShell__cloud_code_overflow_menu","DevPro__enable_developer_subscriptions","MiscFeatureFlags__enable_variable_operator","Cloud__enable_cloudx_ping","Cloud__enable_cloud_shell_fte_user_flow","EngEduTelemetry__enable_engedu_telemetry","Cloud__enable_cloud_facet_chat","Cloud__enable_free_trial_server_call"],null,null,"AIzaSyA58TaKli1DculwmAmbpzLVGuWc8eCQgQc","https://developerscontentserving-pa.googleapis.com","AIzaSyDWBU60w0P9hEkr29kkksYs8Z7gvZ8u_wc","https://developerscontentsearch-pa.googleapis.com",2,4,null,"https://developerprofiles-pa.googleapis.com",[15,"tensorflow","TensorFlow","www.tensorflow.org",null,"tensorflow-dot-devsite-v2-prod-3p.appspot.com",null,null,[null,1,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[1],null,null,null,null,null,null,[1],[1,null,null,[1]],null,null,null,[1,null,1],[1,1,null,1,1]],null,[25,null,null,null,null,null,"/images/lockup.svg","/images/logo.png",null,null,null,1,1,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,null,null,null,null,[]],[],null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[6,1],null,[[],[1,1]],[[["UA-69864048-1"],["UA-69864048-4"],null,null,["UA-69864048-5"],["GTM-MXSL34P"],null,null,[["UA-69864048-1",1]],null,[["UA-69864048-5",1]],[["GTM-MXSL34P",1]],1],[[12,8],[1,1],[4,3],[6,5],[5,4],[3,2]],[[2,2],[1,1]]],null,4]]') </script> <devsite-a11y-announce></devsite-a11y-announce> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

TensorFlow Federated