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region-content-inner"> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="block block-system block-main block-system-main odd block-without-title" id="block-system-main"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <div class="content clearfix"> <article class="node node-blog node-promoted node-teaser node-published node-not-sticky author-pankaj-sinha even clearfix node-published node-not-sticky author-pankaj-sinha even clearfix" id="node-blog-772--2"> <header> <h2 class="node-title node-title"><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/ppps/health-diagnostics-network-in-Jharkhand-India" title="Developing a replicable and sustainable health diagnostics network in Jharkhand, India ">Developing a replicable and sustainable health diagnostics network in Jharkhand, India </a></h2> </header> <div class="user-picture"> <a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/pankaj-sinha" title="View user profile."><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/files/styles/thumbnail/public/pictures/picture-11026-1444399915.jpg" alt="Pankaj Sinha's picture" title="Pankaj Sinha's picture"/></a> </div> <footer class="submitted"> <div class="submittedby"> Submitted by <a class="flipboard-author" href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/pankaj-sinha" title="View user profile." class="username">Pankaj Sinha</a> On Tue, 01/05/2016 </div> <div class="submittedby"><div class="servicelinks"><ul class="links inline"><li class="service-links-facebook first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/ppps/health-diagnostics-network-in-Jharkhand-India%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT&t=Developing%20a%20replicable%20and%20sustainable%20health%20diagnostics%20network%20in%20Jharkhand%2C%20India%20" title="Share on Facebook" class="service-links-facebook" rel="nofollow" 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class="custom_email"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/mailto:/?Subject=Developing%20a%20replicable%20and%20sustainable%20health%20diagnostics%20network%20in%20Jharkhand%2C%20India%20&Body=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/ppps/health-diagnostics-network-in-Jharkhand-India"><img src="/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/print/icons/mail_icon.gif" alt=""/></a></li><li class="custom_comments last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/ppps/comment/reply/772#comment-form">Add comment</a></li></ul></div></div> </footer> <div style="clear:both;padding-bottom:10px;"></div> <div class="content clearfix content clearfix flipboard-keep"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><figure class="image" style="float:right"><img class="flipboard-image" alt="" height="267" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/ppps/files/ppps/jharkhand.jpg" title="" width="400"/><figcaption> Mother and baby in Jharkhand of India<br/> Credit: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/https://www.flickr.com/photos/videovolunteers/" rel="nofollow">Video Volunteers</a></figcaption></figure><p> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/publicprivatepartnerships" rel="nofollow">Public-private partnerships (PPPs)</a> are all about balance: maintaining equilibrium between public and private, risk and reward, cost and impact. Understanding this balance is especially important in regions with extreme poverty, where access to infrastructure can mean life or death. <br/> <br/> I was reminded of this again while working on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-08-27/news/33424914_1_ifc-medical-colleges-private-sector" rel="nofollow">a PPP for development and operation of a statewide network of advanced diagnostic facilities</a>, including fully equipped and staffed radiology and pathology laboratories, in <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.jharkhand.gov.in/" rel="nofollow">the Indian State of Jharkhand</a> – an area characterized by a <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/7739" rel="nofollow">low average income, high tribal population, very high incidence of poverty, and little social development.</a> Health and education indicators in Jharkhand are also markedly unfavorable in comparison to both the all-India average and the major Indian states.</p> </div></div></div><div style="clear:both;padding:5px 0;"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/ppps/health-diagnostics-network-in-Jharkhand-India" class="readmore">Read more »</a></div> </div> <div class="taxo"><div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first">Tags: </li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/countries/india" class="tags_url">India</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/regions/south-asia" class="tags_url">South Asia</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/topics/health" class="tags_url">Health</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/topics/private-sector-development" class="tags_url">Private Sector Development</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/investment" class="tags_url">investment</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/public-private-partnership" class="tags_url">public-private partnership</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/public-private-partnerships" class="tags_url">public-private partnerships</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/ppp" class="tags_url">PPP</a></li><li class="last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/ppps" class="tags_url">PPPs</a></li></ul></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div class="clearfix"> </div> </article> <article class="node node-blog node-promoted node-teaser node-published node-not-sticky author-anne-lise-klausen odd clearfix node-published node-not-sticky author-anne-lise-klausen odd clearfix" id="node-blog-3869--2"> <header> <h2 class="node-title node-title"><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/fragile-fragile-how-g7-bringing-optimism-central-african-republic" title="Fragile to fragile: How the g7+ is bringing optimism to the Central African Republic">Fragile to fragile: How the g7+ is bringing optimism to the Central African Republic</a></h2> </header> <div class="user-picture"> <a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/user/10558" title="View user profile."><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/files/styles/thumbnail/public/pictures/picture-10558-1427376968.jpg" alt="Anne-Lise Klausen's picture" title="Anne-Lise Klausen's picture"/></a> </div> <footer class="submitted"> <div class="submittedby"> Submitted by <a class="flipboard-author" href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/user/10558" title="View user profile." class="username">Anne-Lise Klausen</a> On Tue, 01/05/2016 </div> <div class="submittedby"><div class="servicelinks"><ul class="links inline"><li class="service-links-facebook first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/voices/fragile-fragile-how-g7-bringing-optimism-central-african-republic%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT&t=Fragile%20to%20fragile%3A%20How%20the%20g7%2B%20is%20bringing%20optimism%20to%20the%20Central%20African%20Republic" title="Share on Facebook" class="service-links-facebook" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/service_links/images/facebook.png" alt="Facebook logo"/></a></li><li class="service-links-twitter-widget"><a 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/mailto:/?Subject=Fragile%20to%20fragile%3A%20How%20the%20g7%2B%20is%20bringing%20optimism%20to%20the%20Central%20African%20Republic&Body=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/voices/fragile-fragile-how-g7-bringing-optimism-central-african-republic"><img src="/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/print/icons/mail_icon.gif" alt=""/></a></li><li class="custom_comments last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/comment/reply/3869#comment-form">Add comment</a></li></ul></div></div> </footer> <div style="clear:both;padding-bottom:10px;"></div> <div class="content clearfix content clearfix flipboard-keep"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><figure class="image" style="float:right"><img class="flipboard-image" alt="" height="267" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/files/voices/920255158_b93f58524f_b.jpg" title="" width="400"/><figcaption> School children in the Central African Republic<br/> Credit: © Pierre Holtz | UNICEF</figcaption></figure><p> At a meeting of the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.g7plus.org/" rel="nofollow">g7+</a> group of fragile states recently held in Nairobi, Bienvenu Hervé Kovoungbo looked back on his time in the same city, two years ago.<br/><br/> Back then, the citizens of his country, the Central African Republic (CAR), were caught in a fight between different militia groups. Bienvenu, who is the Director of Multilateral Cooperation and former Head of the Investment Budget Division in the Economy, Planning and International Cooperation Ministry, flew to Nairobi to attend a steering meeting of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.pbsdialogue.org/" rel="nofollow">International Dialogue on Peacebuilding and Statebuilding</a>. There, he appealed to g7+ colleagues and to donors to come to their assistance. After the meeting, he could not get back to the capital Bangui for two weeks, held up in Douala, Cameroon while his family had to flee their home and live with thousands of others in makeshift camps on the outskirts of the city.</p> </div></div></div><div style="clear:both;padding:5px 0;"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/fragile-fragile-how-g7-bringing-optimism-central-african-republic" class="readmore">Read more »</a></div> </div> <div class="taxo"><div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first">Tags: </li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/sdgs" class="tags_url">SDGs</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/peace" class="tags_url">peace</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/fragile-states" class="tags_url">fragile states</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/fragility" class="tags_url">fragility</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/aid" class="tags_url">aid</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/topics/conflict" class="tags_url">Conflict</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/regions/africa" class="tags_url">Africa</a></li><li class="last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/countries/central-african-republic" class="tags_url">Central African Republic</a></li></ul></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div class="clearfix"> </div> </article> <article class="node node-blog node-promoted node-teaser node-published node-not-sticky author-duncan-green even clearfix node-published node-not-sticky author-duncan-green even clearfix" id="node-blog-7265--2"> <header> <h2 class="node-title node-title"><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/3-2015-have-mdgs-affected-developing-country-policies-and-spending-findings-new-50-country-study" title="#3 from 2015: Have the MDGs affected developing country policies and spending? Findings of new 50 country study.">#3 from 2015: Have the MDGs affected developing country policies and spending? Findings of new 50 country study.</a></h2> </header> <div class="user-picture"> <a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/duncan-green" title="View user profile."><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/files/styles/thumbnail/public/pictures/260.jpeg" alt="Duncan Green's picture" title="Duncan Green's picture"/></a> </div> <footer class="submitted"> <div class="submittedby"> Submitted by <a class="flipboard-author" href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/duncan-green" title="View user profile." class="username">Duncan Green</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/https://twitter.com/intent/follow?screen_name=fp2p"><img src="/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/themes/blogs/images/tw1.gif" style"/></a> On Mon, 01/04/2016 </div> <div class="submittedby"><div class="servicelinks"><ul class="links inline"><li class="service-links-facebook first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/3-2015-have-mdgs-affected-developing-country-policies-and-spending-findings-new-50-country-study%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT&t=%233%20from%202015%3A%20Have%20the%20MDGs%20affected%20developing%20country%20policies%20and%20spending%3F%20Findings%20of%20new%2050%20country%20study." title="Share on Facebook" class="service-links-facebook" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/service_links/images/facebook.png" alt="Facebook logo"/></a></li><li class="service-links-twitter-widget"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://twitter.com/share?url=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/3-2015-have-mdgs-affected-developing-country-policies-and-spending-findings-new-50-country-study%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT&count=horizontal&via=WorldBank&text=%233%20from%202015%3A%20Have%20the%20MDGs%20affected%20developing%20country%20policies%20and%20spending%3F%20Findings%20of%20new%2050%20country%20study.&counturl=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/3-2015-have-mdgs-affected-developing-country-policies-and-spending-findings-new-50-country-study%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT" class="twitter-share-button service-links-twitter-widget" title="Tweet This" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span class="element-invisible">Tweet Widget</span></a></li><li class="service-links-linkedin-share-button"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/3-2015-have-mdgs-affected-developing-country-policies-and-spending-findings-new-50-country-study?cid=EXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT" title="Share on Linkedin" class="service-links-linkedin-share-button" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span class="element-invisible">Linkedin Share Button</span></a></li><li class="service-links-google-plus-one"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/3-2015-have-mdgs-affected-developing-country-policies-and-spending-findings-new-50-country-study?cid=EXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT"></a></li><li class="print_html"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/print/7265" title="Display a printer-friendly version of this page." class="print-page" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false" rel="nofollow"><img class="print-icon" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/print/icons/print_icon.gif" alt="Print" title="Print"/></a></li><li class="custom_email"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/mailto:/?Subject=%233%20from%202015%3A%20Have%20the%20MDGs%20affected%20developing%20country%20policies%20and%20spending%3F%20Findings%20of%20new%2050%20country%20study.&Body=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/3-2015-have-mdgs-affected-developing-country-policies-and-spending-findings-new-50-country-study"><img src="/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/print/icons/mail_icon.gif" alt=""/></a></li><li class="custom_comments last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/comment/reply/7265#comment-form">Add comment</a></li></ul></div></div> </footer> <div style="clear:both;padding-bottom:10px;"></div> <div class="content clearfix content clearfix flipboard-keep"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><div style="margin:0px; padding:0px 0px 10px; border:0px currentColor; clear:both; vertical-align:baseline"> <em><strong>Our Top Ten blog posts by readership in 2015.<span> </span></strong>This post was<span> </span></em><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/have-mdgs-affected-developing-country-policies-and-spending-findings-new-50-country-study" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"><em>originally posted</em></a> <em>on August 20, 2015. </em></div> <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px currentColor; vertical-align:baseline"> <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px currentColor; vertical-align:baseline"> <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px currentColor; vertical-align:baseline"> <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px currentColor; vertical-align:baseline"> <p> <img class="flipboard-image" alt="Portrait of children" height="187" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/files/publicsphere/7826335530_bd90454e6d_z.jpg" style="padding:2px; border:1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); vertical-align:bottom; max-width:none; float:left" title="" width="280"/>One of the many baffling aspects of the post-2015/Sustainable Development Goal process is how little research there has been on the impact of their predecessor, the Millennium Development Goals. That may sound odd, given how often we hear ‘the MDGs are on/off track’ on poverty, health, education etc, but saying ‘the MDG for poverty reduction has been achieved five years ahead of schedule’ is not at all the same as saying ‘the MDGs caused that poverty reduction’ – a classic case of confusing correlation with causation.</p> <p> So I gave heartfelt thanks when Columbia University’s Elham Seyedsayamdost got in touch after a <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://oxfamblogs.org/fp2p/the-power-of-numbers-why-the-mdgs-were-flawed-and-post2015-goals-look-set-to-go-the-same-way/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">previous whinge</a> on this topic, and sent me her draft paper for UNDP which, as far as I know, is the first systematic attempt to look at the impact of the MDGs on national government policy. Here’s the abstract, with my commentary in brackets/italics. The full paper is here: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://oxfamblogs.org/fp2p/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/MDG-Assessment_ES.pdf" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">MDG Assessment_ES</a>, and Elham would welcome any feedback (es548[at]columbia[dot]edu):</p> <p> <em>"This study reviews post‐2005 national development strategies of fifty countries from diverse income groups, geographical locations, human development tiers, and ODA (official aid) levels to assess the extent to which national plans have tailored the Millennium Development Goals to their local contexts. Reviewing <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.imf.org/external/np/prsp/prsp.aspx" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">PRSPs</a> and non‐PRSP national strategies, it presents a mixed picture." </em>[so it’s about plans and policies, rather than what actually happened in terms of implementation, but it’s still way ahead of anything else I’ve seen]</p> <p> <em>"<em>The </em>encouraging finding is that thirty-two of the development plans under review have either adopted the MDGs as planning and monitoring tools or “localized” them in a meaningful way, using diverse adaptation strategies from changing the target date to setting additional goals, targets and indicators, all the way to integrating MDGs into subnational planning." </em>[OK, so the MDGs have been reflected in national planning documents. That’s a start.]<br/><br/></div></div></div><div style="clear:both;padding:5px 0;"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/3-2015-have-mdgs-affected-developing-country-policies-and-spending-findings-new-50-country-study" class="readmore">Read more »</a></div> </div> <div class="taxo"><div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first">Tags: </li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/donors" class="tags_url">donors</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/public-policy" class="tags_url">public policy</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/taxonomy/term/14320" class="tags_url">Global Goals</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/aid" class="tags_url">aid</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/taxonomy/term/1509" class="tags_url">Millenium Development Goals</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/mdgs" class="tags_url">MDGs</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/sustainable-development-goals" class="tags_url">sustainable development goals</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/sdgs" class="tags_url">SDGs</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/measurement" class="tags_url">measurement</a></li><li class="last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/assessment" class="tags_url">assessment</a></li></ul></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div class="clearfix"> </div> </article> <article class="node node-blog node-promoted node-sticky node-teaser node-published author-alua-kennedy odd clearfix node-published author-alua-kennedy odd clearfix" id="node-blog-1139--2"> <header> <h2 class="node-title node-title"><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/governance/here-are-3-surprising-facts-about-doing-business-fragile-environments" title="Here are 3 surprising facts about doing business in fragile environments">Here are 3 surprising facts about doing business in fragile environments</a></h2> </header> <div class="user-picture"> <a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/alua-kennedy" title="View user profile."><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/files/styles/thumbnail/public/pictures/picture-10252-1416936065.jpg" alt="Alua Kennedy's picture" title="Alua Kennedy's picture"/></a> </div> <footer class="submitted"> <div class="submittedby"> Submitted by <a class="flipboard-author" href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/alua-kennedy" title="View user profile." class="username">Alua Kennedy</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/https://twitter.com/intent/follow?screen_name=aluakennedy"><img src="/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/themes/blogs/images/tw1.gif" style"/></a> On Mon, 01/04/2016 </div> <div class="submittedby"><div class="servicelinks"><ul class="links inline"><li class="service-links-facebook first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/governance/here-are-3-surprising-facts-about-doing-business-fragile-environments%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT&t=Here%20are%203%20surprising%20facts%20about%20doing%20business%20in%20fragile%20environments" title="Share on Facebook" class="service-links-facebook" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img 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class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">It’s a secret to no one that getting things done in fragile and conflict-affected (FCS) situations is more difficult than in normal, peaceful environments.<br/><br/> A recent World Bank report “<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2014/08/25/000469252_20140825115107/Rendered/PDF/898560PUB00Sma000PUBLIC00Box385297B.pdf" rel="nofollow">The Small Entrepreneur in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations</a>” looked into the motives and challenges of small entrepreneurs in FCS countries and made a number of interesting discoveries. They found that compared to entrepreneurs elsewhere, entrepreneurs in FCS have different characteristics and face significantly different challenges. FCS enterprises tend to be small, informal and to be engaged in sectors that are trade and service oriented.<br/><br/> Three other things they found are illustrated in the charts below. These findings came as quite a surprise to us. <br/><br/><strong>1. </strong><span class="shareable-quote"><a class="popup" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=%3Cstrong%3EThe+primary+obstacle+for+entrepreneurs+in+FCS+countries%C2%A0is+poor+access+to+finance%3C%2Fstrong%3E%C2%A0&url=http://blogs.worldbank.org/here-are-3-surprising-facts-about-doing-business-fragile-environments/?cid=EXT_TWBN_D_EXT&via=worldbank"><strong>The primary obstacle for entrepreneurs in FCS countries is poor access to finance</strong> <img class="flipboard-image" class="tw-icon-over" height="12" width="12" src="/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/wb_helper/images/iconm-twitter-gray.png"></a></span> <div> </div> <p> <img class="flipboard-image" alt="" height="303" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/governance/files/governance/obstacle_chart.jpg" title="" width="550"/><br/> </p> </div></div></div><div style="clear:both;padding:5px 0;"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/governance/here-are-3-surprising-facts-about-doing-business-fragile-environments" class="readmore">Read more »</a></div> </div> <div class="taxo"><div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first">Tags: </li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/regions/europe-and-central-asia" class="tags_url">Europe and Central Asia</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/regions/africa" class="tags_url">Africa</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/topics/governance" class="tags_url">Governance</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/conflict-and-fragility" class="tags_url">Conflict and Fragility</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/fragile-states" class="tags_url">fragile states</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/fragility-conflict-and-violence" class="tags_url">Fragility Conflict and Violence</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/anit-corruption" class="tags_url">Anit-Corruption</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/access-finance" class="tags_url">access to finance</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/doing-business" class="tags_url">doing business</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/governance" class="tags_url">Governance</a></li><li class="last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/world-bank" class="tags_url">world bank</a></li></ul></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div class="clearfix"> </div> </article> <article class="node node-blog node-promoted node-teaser node-published node-not-sticky author-marc-sadler even clearfix node-published node-not-sticky author-marc-sadler even clearfix" id="node-blog-1042--2"> <header> <h2 class="node-title node-title"><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/climatechange/food-systems-are-finally-climate-change-map-what-s-next" title="Food systems are finally on the climate change map. What’s next?">Food systems are finally on the climate change map. What’s next?</a></h2> </header> <div class="user-picture"> <a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/marc-sadler" title="View user profile."><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/files/styles/thumbnail/public/pictures/picture-10351-1418678703.png" alt="Marc Sadler's picture" title="Marc Sadler's picture"/></a> </div> <footer class="submitted"> <div class="submittedby"> Submitted by <a class="flipboard-author" href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/marc-sadler" title="View user profile." class="username">Marc Sadler</a> On Mon, 01/04/2016 </div> <div class="submittedby"><div class="servicelinks"><ul class="links inline"><li class="service-links-facebook first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/climatechange/food-systems-are-finally-climate-change-map-what-s-next%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT&t=Food%20systems%20are%20finally%20on%20the%20climate%20change%20map.%20What%E2%80%99s%20next%3F" title="Share on Facebook" class="service-links-facebook" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/service_links/images/facebook.png" alt="Facebook logo"/></a></li><li class="service-links-twitter-widget"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://twitter.com/share?url=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/climatechange/food-systems-are-finally-climate-change-map-what-s-next%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT&count=horizontal&via=WorldBank&text=Food%20systems%20are%20finally%20on%20the%20climate%20change%20map.%20What%E2%80%99s%20next%3F&counturl=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/climatechange/food-systems-are-finally-climate-change-map-what-s-next%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT" class="twitter-share-button service-links-twitter-widget" title="Tweet This" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span class="element-invisible">Tweet Widget</span></a></li><li class="service-links-linkedin-share-button"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/climatechange/food-systems-are-finally-climate-change-map-what-s-next?cid=EXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT" title="Share on Linkedin" class="service-links-linkedin-share-button" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span class="element-invisible">Linkedin Share Button</span></a></li><li class="service-links-google-plus-one"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/climatechange/food-systems-are-finally-climate-change-map-what-s-next?cid=EXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT"></a></li><li class="print_html"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/climatechange/print/1042" title="Display a printer-friendly version of this page." class="print-page" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false" rel="nofollow"><img class="print-icon" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/print/icons/print_icon.gif" alt="Print" title="Print"/></a></li><li class="custom_email"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/mailto:/?Subject=Food%20systems%20are%20finally%20on%20the%20climate%20change%20map.%20What%E2%80%99s%20next%3F&Body=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/climatechange/food-systems-are-finally-climate-change-map-what-s-next"><img src="/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/print/icons/mail_icon.gif" alt=""/></a></li><li class="custom_comments last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/climatechange/comment/reply/1042#comment-form">Add comment</a></li></ul></div></div> </footer> <div style="clear:both;padding-bottom:10px;"></div> <div class="content clearfix content clearfix flipboard-keep"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><div> </div> <div> <img class="flipboard-image" alt="Climate-smart crops can help feed the world. Dasan Bobo / World Bank" height="427" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/climatechange/files/climatechange/climate_smart_crops_-_photo_by_dasan_bobo_of_the_world_bank.jpg" title="Climate-smart crops can help feed the world. Dasan Bobo / World Bank" width="640"/><br/><br/><span>So, food systems are finally on the climate change map and embedded in the language of the Paris Climate Agreement.</span><br/><br/><span>This is a long way from the previous involvement of agriculture as a contentious area that was subject to fractious debate and fatally entwined with the discussion around climate-change related </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://unfccc.int/adaptation/workstreams/loss_and_damage/items/6056.php" rel="nofollow">loss and damage</a><span>. A vast majority of national plans to address climate change or</span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://unfccc.int/focus/indc_portal/items/8766.php" rel="nofollow"> Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs)</a><span> presented at the COP in Paris contained language and commitments on agriculture – for both adaptation and mitigation measures.</span><br/><br/><span>What’s behind this change in sentiment and action?</span></div> </div></div></div><div style="clear:both;padding:5px 0;"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/climatechange/food-systems-are-finally-climate-change-map-what-s-next" class="readmore">Read more »</a></div> </div> <div class="taxo"><div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first">Tags: </li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/taxonomy/term/14825" class="tags_url">Paris Agreement</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/greenhouse-gas-emissions" class="tags_url">greenhouse gas emissions</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/food-security" class="tags_url">food security</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/climate-action" class="tags_url">climate action</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/csa" class="tags_url">CSA</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/taxonomy/term/14259" class="tags_url">COP21</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/climate-smart-agriculture-0" class="tags_url">Climate Smart Agriculture</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/topics/environment" class="tags_url">Environment</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/climate-change" class="tags_url">Climate Change</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/topics/agriculture-and-rural-development" class="tags_url">Agriculture and Rural Development</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/regions/world-region" class="tags_url">The World Region</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/countries/sri-lanka" class="tags_url">Sri Lanka</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/countries/rwanda" class="tags_url">Rwanda</a></li><li class="last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/countries/kenya" class="tags_url">Kenya</a></li></ul></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div class="clearfix"> </div> </article> <article class="node node-blog node-promoted node-teaser node-published node-not-sticky author-sina-odugbemi odd clearfix node-published node-not-sticky author-sina-odugbemi odd clearfix" id="node-blog-7264--2"> <header> <h2 class="node-title node-title"><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/quote-week-svetlana-alexievich" title="Quote of the Week: Svetlana Alexievich">Quote of the Week: Svetlana Alexievich</a></h2> </header> <div class="user-picture"> <a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/sina-odugbemi" title="View user profile."><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/files/styles/thumbnail/public/pictures/picture-216-1383856919.jpg" alt="Sina Odugbemi's picture" title="Sina Odugbemi's picture"/></a> </div> <footer class="submitted"> <div class="submittedby"> Submitted by <a class="flipboard-author" href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/sina-odugbemi" title="View user profile." class="username">Sina Odugbemi</a> On Mon, 01/04/2016 </div> <div class="submittedby"><div class="servicelinks"><ul class="links inline"><li class="service-links-facebook first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/quote-week-svetlana-alexievich%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT&t=Quote%20of%20the%20Week%3A%20Svetlana%20Alexievich" title="Share on Facebook" class="service-links-facebook" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/service_links/images/facebook.png" alt="Facebook logo"/></a></li><li class="service-links-twitter-widget"><a 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/quote-week-svetlana-alexievich?cid=EXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT"></a></li><li class="print_html"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/print/7264" title="Display a printer-friendly version of this page." class="print-page" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false" rel="nofollow"><img class="print-icon" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/print/icons/print_icon.gif" alt="Print" title="Print"/></a></li><li class="custom_email"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/mailto:/?Subject=Quote%20of%20the%20Week%3A%20Svetlana%20Alexievich&Body=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/quote-week-svetlana-alexievich"><img src="/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/print/icons/mail_icon.gif" alt=""/></a></li><li class="custom_comments last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/comment/reply/7264#comment-form">Add comment</a></li></ul></div></div> </footer> <div style="clear:both;padding-bottom:10px;"></div> <div class="content clearfix content clearfix flipboard-keep"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p> <img class="flipboard-image" alt="Svetlana Alexievich" height="160" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/files/publicsphere/swetlana_alexijewitsch_2013.jpg" style="float:left" title="" width="180"/><em>“People always speak beautifully when they are in love or close to death.”</em></p> <p> - <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.alexievich.info/indexEN.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Svetlana Alexievich</a>, an investigative journalist and non-fiction prose writer who was awarded the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2015/press.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">2015 Nobel Prize in Literature</a> "for her polyphonic writings, a monument to suffering and courage in our time." She is the first writer from Belarus to receive the award.<br/> </p> </div></div></div><div style="clear:both;padding:5px 0;"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/quote-week-svetlana-alexievich" class="readmore">Read more »</a></div> </div> <div class="taxo"><div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first">Tags: </li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/taxonomy/term/14935" class="tags_url">Love</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/death" class="tags_url">Death</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/humanity" class="tags_url">humanity</a></li><li class="last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/quote-week" class="tags_url">Quote of the Week</a></li></ul></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div class="clearfix"> </div> </article> <article class="node node-blog node-promoted node-teaser node-published node-not-sticky author-brian-levy even clearfix node-published node-not-sticky author-brian-levy even clearfix" id="node-blog-7263--2"> <header> <h2 class="node-title node-title"><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/4-2015-bill-easterly-and-denial-inconvenient-truths" title="#4 from 2015: Bill Easterly and the denial of inconvenient truths">#4 from 2015: Bill Easterly and the denial of inconvenient truths</a></h2> </header> <div class="user-picture"> <a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/brian-levy" title="View user profile."><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/files/styles/thumbnail/public/pictures/picture-966-1411997083.jpg" alt="Brian Levy's picture" title="Brian Levy's picture"/></a> </div> <footer class="submitted"> <div class="submittedby"> Submitted by <a class="flipboard-author" href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/brian-levy" title="View user profile." class="username">Brian Levy</a> On Thu, 12/31/2015 </div> <div class="submittedby"><div class="servicelinks"><ul class="links inline"><li class="service-links-facebook first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/4-2015-bill-easterly-and-denial-inconvenient-truths%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT&t=%234%20from%202015%3A%20Bill%20Easterly%20and%20the%20denial%20of%20inconvenient%20truths" title="Share on Facebook" class="service-links-facebook" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/service_links/images/facebook.png" alt="Facebook logo"/></a></li><li class="service-links-twitter-widget"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://twitter.com/share?url=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/4-2015-bill-easterly-and-denial-inconvenient-truths%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT&count=horizontal&via=WorldBank&text=%234%20from%202015%3A%20Bill%20Easterly%20and%20the%20denial%20of%20inconvenient%20truths&counturl=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/4-2015-bill-easterly-and-denial-inconvenient-truths%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT" class="twitter-share-button service-links-twitter-widget" title="Tweet This" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span class="element-invisible">Tweet Widget</span></a></li><li class="service-links-linkedin-share-button"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/4-2015-bill-easterly-and-denial-inconvenient-truths?cid=EXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT" title="Share on Linkedin" class="service-links-linkedin-share-button" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span class="element-invisible">Linkedin Share Button</span></a></li><li class="service-links-google-plus-one"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/4-2015-bill-easterly-and-denial-inconvenient-truths?cid=EXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT"></a></li><li class="print_html"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/print/7263" title="Display a printer-friendly version of this page." class="print-page" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false" rel="nofollow"><img class="print-icon" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/print/icons/print_icon.gif" alt="Print" title="Print"/></a></li><li class="custom_email"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/mailto:/?Subject=%234%20from%202015%3A%20Bill%20Easterly%20and%20the%20denial%20of%20inconvenient%20truths&Body=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/4-2015-bill-easterly-and-denial-inconvenient-truths"><img src="/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/print/icons/mail_icon.gif" alt=""/></a></li><li class="custom_comments last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/comment/reply/7263#comment-form">Add comment</a></li></ul></div></div> </footer> <div style="clear:both;padding-bottom:10px;"></div> <div class="content clearfix content clearfix flipboard-keep"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><em><strong>Our Top Ten blog posts by readership in 2015.<span> </span></strong>This post was<span> </span></em><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/bill-easterly-and-denial-inconvenient-truths" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"><em>originally posted</em></a><em><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/bill-easterly-and-denial-inconvenient-truths" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"><span> </span></a>on October 22, 2015. It was also the blog post of the month for <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/blog-post-month-bill-easterly-and-denial-inconvenient-truths" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">October 2015</a>.</em><br/> <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px currentColor; vertical-align:baseline"> <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px currentColor; vertical-align:baseline"> <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px currentColor; vertical-align:baseline"> <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px currentColor; vertical-align:baseline"> <p> <img class="flipboard-image" alt="The Tyranny of Experts book cover" height="272" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/files/publicsphere/toe.jpg" style="padding:2px; border:1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); vertical-align:bottom; max-width:none; float:left" title="" width="180"/>In his 2014 book, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://williameasterly.org/books/the-tyranny-of-experts/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"><em>The Tyranny of Experts</em></a>, Bill Easterly uses his rhetorical gifts to make the case for ‘free development’. In so doing, he takes his trademark blend of insight and relentlessness to a new level. But in this moment of history that has been described by democracy champion, Larry Diamond as a “democracy recession”[i], is it helpful to argue by taking no prisoners and not letting inconvenient truths get in the way?</p> <p> Easterly, to be sure, communicates powerfully two big and important ideas. The first is that, as per his title, behind a seemingly technocratic approach to development are some inconvenient political realities. As he puts it:</p> <p> “<em>The implicit vision in development today is that of well-intentioned autocrats advised by technical experts…. The word technocracy itself is an early twentieth century coinage that means ‘rule by experts’</em>” (p.6)</p> <p> In surfacing the implausible assumptions which underlie a world view of ‘rule by experts’, Easterly does us a service. One cannot engage effectively with today’s difficult realities on the basis of a vision of decision-making which ignores the inconvenient truths of self-seeking ambition, of contestation over ends among competing factions, and of imbalances of power which marginalize the interests of large segments of society. (Of course, as this essay will explore, many of these difficult realities arise – in different ways – in both predatory authoritarian and messily democratic settings.)</p> <p> The second powerful idea is <em>The Tyranny of Experts </em>paean to freedom – “<em>a system of political and economic rights in which many political and economic actors will find the right actions to promote their own development</em>”. (pp. 215-216). With eloquent libertarian rhetoric of a kind which Ayn Rand would no doubt have applauded, Easterly argues that:</p> <p> “<em>we must not let caring about material suffering of the poor change the subject from caring about the rights of the poor</em>”. (p.339)</p> <p> Yes, but we also must not fall into a trap which parallels that of the technocratic fallacy – and let our high-minded advocacy of the rights of the poor blind us to the challenges of how to translate our rhetoric into reality. And it is here that Easterly’s Tyranny falls way, way short.<br/></div></div></div><div style="clear:both;padding:5px 0;"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/4-2015-bill-easterly-and-denial-inconvenient-truths" class="readmore">Read more »</a></div> </div> <div class="taxo"><div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first">Tags: </li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/development-economics" class="tags_url">Development economics</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/democratic-governance" class="tags_url">Democratic Governance</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/democratic-politics" class="tags_url">Democratic Politics</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/democracy" class="tags_url">Democracy</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/rule-law" class="tags_url">rule of law</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/political-transitions" class="tags_url">Political Transitions</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/politics" class="tags_url">politics</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/civil-rights" class="tags_url">Civil rights</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/taxonomy/term/14504" class="tags_url">Rights-based Approach</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/taxonomy/term/13800" class="tags_url">Working With the Grain</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/history" class="tags_url">history</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/topics/law-and-regulation" class="tags_url">Law and Regulation</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/topics/poverty" class="tags_url">Poverty</a></li><li class="last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/topics/governance" class="tags_url">Governance</a></li></ul></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div class="clearfix"> </div> </article> <article class="node node-blog node-promoted node-teaser node-published node-not-sticky author-nico-saporiti odd clearfix node-published node-not-sticky author-nico-saporiti odd clearfix" id="node-blog-768--2"> <header> <h2 class="node-title node-title"><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/ppps/PPP-professionals-Nico-Saporiti" title="10 candid career questions with PPP professionals – Nico Saporiti">10 candid career questions with PPP professionals – Nico Saporiti</a></h2> </header> <div class="user-picture"> <a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/nico-saporiti" title="View user profile."><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/files/styles/thumbnail/public/pictures/picture-11242-1450796027.jpg" alt="Nico Saporiti's picture" title="Nico Saporiti's picture"/></a> </div> <footer class="submitted"> <div class="submittedby"> Submitted by <a class="flipboard-author" href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/nico-saporiti" title="View user profile." class="username">Nico Saporiti</a> On Thu, 12/31/2015 </div> <div class="submittedby"><div class="servicelinks"><ul class="links inline"><li class="service-links-facebook first"><a 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class="field-item even"><p> <em><span><strong>Editor's Note: </strong><br/> Here at the PPP Blog, our New Year’s resolution is to bring you global perspectives on PPPs – and one way to do this is by introducing you to the PPP professionals who do the deals, analyze the data, and strategize on the next big thing.<br/> Each of them followed a different path into PPP practice, and our new series - <strong>“</strong></span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/ppps/category/tags/10-candid-career-questions" rel="nofollow"><strong>10 Candid Career Questions</strong></a><span><strong>” </strong>- offers an inside look at their backgrounds, motivations, and choices. Each blogger receives the same 15 questions and answers 10 or more that tell their PPP career story candidly and without jargon.<br/><br/><img class="flipboard-image" alt="" height="512" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/ppps/files/ppps/nico_card-blog.png" title="" width="915"/></span></em><br/> </p> </div></div></div><div style="clear:both;padding:5px 0;"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/ppps/PPP-professionals-Nico-Saporiti" class="readmore">Read more »</a></div> </div> <div class="taxo"><div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first">Tags: </li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/taxonomy/term/14908" class="tags_url">10 Candid Career Questions</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/taxonomy/term/13637" class="tags_url">advice</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/taxonomy/term/14906" class="tags_url">professional</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/career" class="tags_url">career</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/public-private-partnerships" class="tags_url">public-private partnerships</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/ppps" class="tags_url">PPPs</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/ppp" class="tags_url">PPP</a></li><li class="last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/infrastructure" class="tags_url">infrastructure</a></li></ul></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div class="clearfix"> </div> </article> <article class="node node-blog node-promoted node-teaser node-published node-not-sticky author-dominique-van-de-walle even clearfix node-published node-not-sticky author-dominique-van-de-walle even clearfix" id="node-blog-2414--2"> <header> <h2 class="node-title node-title"><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/africacan/poverty-is-falling-faster-for-female-headed-households-in-africa" title="Poverty is falling faster for female-headed households in Africa">Poverty is falling faster for female-headed households in Africa</a></h2> </header> <div class="user-picture"> <a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/dominique-van-de-walle" title="View user profile."><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/files/styles/thumbnail/public/pictures/1898.jpeg" alt="Dominique Van De Walle's picture" title="Dominique Van De Walle's picture"/></a> </div> <footer class="submitted"> <div class="submittedby"> Submitted by <a class="flipboard-author" href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/dominique-van-de-walle" title="View user profile." class="username">Dominique Van De Walle</a> On Wed, 12/30/2015 </div> <div class="submittedby"><div class="servicelinks"><ul class="links inline"><li class="service-links-facebook first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/africacan/poverty-is-falling-faster-for-female-headed-households-in-africa%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT&t=Poverty%20is%20falling%20faster%20for%20female-headed%20households%20in%20Africa" title="Share on Facebook" class="service-links-facebook" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/service_links/images/facebook.png" alt="Facebook logo"/></a></li><li class="service-links-twitter-widget"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://twitter.com/share?url=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/africacan/poverty-is-falling-faster-for-female-headed-households-in-africa%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT&count=horizontal&via=WorldBank&text=Poverty%20is%20falling%20faster%20for%20female-headed%20households%20in%20Africa&counturl=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/africacan/poverty-is-falling-faster-for-female-headed-households-in-africa%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT" class="twitter-share-button service-links-twitter-widget" title="Tweet This" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span class="element-invisible">Tweet Widget</span></a></li><li class="service-links-linkedin-share-button"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/africacan/poverty-is-falling-faster-for-female-headed-households-in-africa?cid=EXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT" title="Share on Linkedin" class="service-links-linkedin-share-button" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span class="element-invisible">Linkedin Share Button</span></a></li><li class="service-links-google-plus-one"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/africacan/poverty-is-falling-faster-for-female-headed-households-in-africa?cid=EXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT"></a></li><li class="print_html"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/africacan/print/2414" title="Display a printer-friendly version of this page." class="print-page" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false" rel="nofollow"><img class="print-icon" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/print/icons/print_icon.gif" alt="Print" title="Print"/></a></li><li class="custom_email"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/mailto:/?Subject=Poverty%20is%20falling%20faster%20for%20female-headed%20households%20in%20Africa&Body=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/africacan/poverty-is-falling-faster-for-female-headed-households-in-africa"><img src="/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/print/icons/mail_icon.gif" alt=""/></a></li><li class="custom_comments last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/africacan/comment/reply/2414#comment-form">Add comment</a></li></ul></div></div> </footer> <div style="clear:both;padding-bottom:10px;"></div> <div class="content clearfix content clearfix flipboard-keep"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.worldbank.org/en/region/afr/publication/poverty-rising-africa-poverty-report" rel="nofollow"><img class="flipboard-image" alt="" height="274" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/africacan/files/africacan/images/africacan-poverty-rising-africa-cover-209x274.jpg" style="float:left" title="" width="209"/></a>Living standards have risen and poverty has fallen considerably across Sub-Saharan Africa since the late 1990s. But are all groups sharing in the gains? In particular, what about Africa’s many female-headed households, often thought to be poorer. Have they been left behind?<br/><br/> Nearly one in four households in Africa are headed by a woman. To be sure, this figure is not the same in all countries; those in Southern Africa have substantially higher rates while households in West African countries are least likely to be headed by a woman. What is true in <em>all</em> countries is that female headship has been increasing. The data show quite clearly that the probability that a woman aged 15 or older heads a household has been increasing over time in all sub-regions and at every age (see the figure).</p> </div></div></div><div style="clear:both;padding:5px 0;"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/africacan/poverty-is-falling-faster-for-female-headed-households-in-africa" class="readmore">Read more »</a></div> </div> <div class="taxo"><div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first">Tags: </li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/taxonomy/term/14828" class="tags_url">Poverty in Rising Africa</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/topics/poverty" class="tags_url">Poverty</a></li><li class="last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/regions/africa" class="tags_url">Africa</a></li></ul></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div class="clearfix"> </div> </article> <article class="node node-blog node-promoted node-teaser node-published node-not-sticky author-roxanne-bauer odd clearfix node-published node-not-sticky author-roxanne-bauer odd clearfix" id="node-blog-7261--2"> <header> <h2 class="node-title node-title"><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/5-2015-things-we-do-how-simple-text-message-difference-between-success-and-failure" title="#5 from 2015: The things we do: How a simple text message is the difference between success and failure">#5 from 2015: The things we do: How a simple text message is the difference between success and failure</a></h2> </header> <div class="user-picture"> <a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/roxanne-bauer" title="View user profile."><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/files/styles/thumbnail/public/pictures/picture-9567-1393946712.jpg" alt="Roxanne Bauer's picture" title="Roxanne Bauer's picture"/></a> </div> <footer class="submitted"> <div class="submittedby"> Submitted by <a class="flipboard-author" href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/roxanne-bauer" title="View user profile." class="username">Roxanne Bauer</a> On Wed, 12/30/2015 </div> <div class="submittedby"><div class="servicelinks"><ul class="links inline"><li class="service-links-facebook first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/5-2015-things-we-do-how-simple-text-message-difference-between-success-and-failure%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT&t=%235%20from%202015%3A%20The%20things%20we%20do%3A%20How%20a%20simple%20text%20message%20is%20the%20difference%20between%20success%20and%20failure" title="Share on Facebook" class="service-links-facebook" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/service_links/images/facebook.png" alt="Facebook logo"/></a></li><li class="service-links-twitter-widget"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://twitter.com/share?url=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/5-2015-things-we-do-how-simple-text-message-difference-between-success-and-failure%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT&count=horizontal&via=WorldBank&text=%235%20from%202015%3A%20The%20things%20we%20do%3A%20How%20a%20simple%20text%20message%20is%20the%20difference%20between%20success%20and%20failure&counturl=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/5-2015-things-we-do-how-simple-text-message-difference-between-success-and-failure%3Fcid%3DEXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT" class="twitter-share-button service-links-twitter-widget" title="Tweet This" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span class="element-invisible">Tweet Widget</span></a></li><li class="service-links-linkedin-share-button"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/5-2015-things-we-do-how-simple-text-message-difference-between-success-and-failure?cid=EXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT" title="Share on Linkedin" class="service-links-linkedin-share-button" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span class="element-invisible">Linkedin Share Button</span></a></li><li class="service-links-google-plus-one"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/5-2015-things-we-do-how-simple-text-message-difference-between-success-and-failure?cid=EXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT"></a></li><li class="print_html"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/print/7261" title="Display a printer-friendly version of this page." class="print-page" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false" rel="nofollow"><img class="print-icon" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/print/icons/print_icon.gif" alt="Print" title="Print"/></a></li><li class="custom_email"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/mailto:/?Subject=%235%20from%202015%3A%20The%20things%20we%20do%3A%20How%20a%20simple%20text%20message%20is%20the%20difference%20between%20success%20and%20failure&Body=http%3A//blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/5-2015-things-we-do-how-simple-text-message-difference-between-success-and-failure"><img src="/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/sites/all/modules/print/icons/mail_icon.gif" alt=""/></a></li><li class="custom_comments last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/5-2015-things-we-do-how-simple-text-message-difference-between-success-and-failure#comments">1 Comment</a></li></ul></div></div> </footer> <div style="clear:both;padding-bottom:10px;"></div> <div class="content clearfix content clearfix flipboard-keep"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><em><strong>Our Top Ten blog posts by readership in 2015.<span> </span></strong>This post was<span> <span> </span></span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/things-we-do-how-simple-text-message-difference-between-success-and-failure" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">originally posted</a><span> </span>on April 21, 2015.</em><br/> <h4> <img class="flipboard-image" alt="A woman and her child get the anti-malaria drugs distributed in Freetown." height="193" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/files/publicsphere/15812476888_ae7a54ce9f_o.jpg" style="float:right" title="" width="280"/>Mobile phones are increasingly prevalent throughout the world, and researchers have found that sending text message reminders can help people follow-through with their intentions, significantly increasing the success of development interventions.</h4> <p> <em>“People need to be reminded more often than they need to be instructed.”</em><br/><br/> These are the wise words of Samuel Johnson, an English author, critic, and lexicographer. Even though he lived more than 200 years ago, international development interventions are proving him correct today. <br/> <br/><strong>Reminders for Malaria</strong><br/> <br/> It’s widely known that failure to adhere to a full course of antibiotic treatment leads to treatment failure and encourages bacterial resistance to antibiotics, threatening the sustainability of current medications. This is extremely important for malaria, which, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/world_malaria_report_2014/wmr-2014-no-profiles.pdf?ua=1" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">according to the World Health Organization</a>, results in 198 million cases each year and around 584,000 deaths. The burden is particularly heavy in Africa, where around 90% of malaria deaths occur, and in children under 5 years of age, who account for 78% of all deaths. Moreover, low rates of adherence to artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) treatments has led to a prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Malaria in many parts of the world, particularly Africa. One of the biggest <span>– </span>and simplest <span>–</span> reasons why people fail to complete the full treatment for Malaria is that they forget.</p> </div></div></div><div style="clear:both;padding:5px 0;"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/5-2015-things-we-do-how-simple-text-message-difference-between-success-and-failure" class="readmore">Read more »</a></div> </div> <div class="taxo"><div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first">Tags: </li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/financial-inclusion" class="tags_url">financial inclusion</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/aids" class="tags_url">AIDS</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/mobile-phones" class="tags_url">Mobile Phones</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/text-messages" class="tags_url">Text Messages</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/things-we-do" class="tags_url">The Things We Do</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/behavior-change-communication" class="tags_url">Behavior Change Communication</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/behavioral-economics" class="tags_url">behavioral economics</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/behavior-change" class="tags_url">behavior change</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/malaria" class="tags_url">malaria</a></li><li class="last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/savings-accounts" class="tags_url">savings accounts</a></li></ul></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div class="clearfix"> </div> </article> <br><h2 class="element-invisible">Pages</h2><div class="item-list"><ul class="pager clearfix"><li class="pager-current first">1</li><li class="pager-item"><a title="Go to page 2" href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/planet?page=1">2</a></li><li class="pager-item"><a title="Go to page 3" href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/planet?page=2">3</a></li><li class="pager-item"><a title="Go to page 4" href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/planet?page=3">4</a></li><li class="pager-item"><a title="Go to page 5" href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/planet?page=4">5</a></li><li class="pager-item"><a title="Go to page 6" href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/planet?page=5">6</a></li><li 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class="block-inner clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Featured Bloggers</h2> <div class="content clearfix"> <div class="uq_pic"> <div class="user-picture"> <a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/jim-yong-kim" title="View user profile."><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/files/styles/thumbnail/public/pictures/picture-1185-1412691775.jpg?itok=1J7MI566" alt="Jim Yong Kim's picture" title="Jim Yong Kim's picture"/></a> </div> </div><div class="uq_name"><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/jim-yong-kim">Jim Yong Kim</a></div><div class="uq_title">President, World Bank Group</div><div style="clear:both;margin-bottom:15px;"></div><div class="uq_pic"> <div class="user-picture"> <a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/sri-mulyani-indrawati" title="View user profile."><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/files/styles/thumbnail/public/pictures/1126.jpeg?itok=y94rFNTd" alt="Sri Mulyani Indrawati's picture" title="Sri Mulyani Indrawati's picture"/></a> </div> </div><div class="uq_name"><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/sri-mulyani-indrawati">Sri Mulyani Indrawati</a></div><div class="uq_title">Managing Director and Chief Operating Officer</div><div style="clear:both;margin-bottom:15px;"></div><div class="uq_pic"> <div class="user-picture"> <a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/kaushik-basu" title="View user profile."><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/files/styles/thumbnail/public/pictures/picture-685-1438187115.jpg?itok=Okp-4O3b" alt="Kaushik Basu's picture" title="Kaushik Basu's picture"/></a> </div> </div><div class="uq_name"><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/kaushik-basu">Kaushik 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src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955im_/http://blogs.worldbank.org/files/styles/thumbnail/public/pictures/picture-2876-1387215744.png?itok=lkFFjyPl" alt="Mahmoud Mohieldin's picture" title="Mahmoud Mohieldin's picture"/></a> </div> </div><div class="uq_name"><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/team/mahmoud-mohieldin">Mahmoud Mohieldin</a></div><div class="uq_title">Corporate Secretary and President's Special Envoy </div><div style="clear:both;margin-bottom:15px;"></div> </div> </div> </section><section class="block block-wb-planet block-planet-comments block-wb-planet-planet-comments even" id="block-wb-planet-planet-comments"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Latest comments</h2> <div class="content clearfix"> <div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/publicsphere/comment/6174#comment-6174">Drama,good story & film</a><br>2016/01/04</li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/education/comment/2371#comment-2371">A nice and sensible write up</a><br>2016/01/04</li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/impactevaluations/comment/3393#comment-3393">Thank you for catching that.</a><br>2016/01/04</li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/comment/4700#comment-4700">Thanks for the update. Great</a><br>2016/01/04</li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/comment/4694#comment-4694">This is excellent and</a><br>2016/01/03</li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/comment/4693#comment-4693">For sure the discussion board</a><br>2016/01/03</li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/comment/4692#comment-4692">Good to see signs of hope.</a><br>2016/01/03</li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/comment/4691#comment-4691">Graphics such as these put it</a><br>2016/01/03</li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/comment/4690#comment-4690">Thanks for this interesting</a><br>2016/01/03</li><li class="last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/europeandcentralasia/comment/632#comment-632">Romania could do better on</a><br>2016/01/02</li></ul></div> </div> </div> </section><section class="block block-wb-planet block-planet-archive block-wb-planet-planet-archive odd" id="block-wb-planet-planet-archive"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Archive</h2> <div class="content clearfix"> <div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first"><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/archive/201601">January 2016</a> (6)</li><li><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/archive/201512">December 2015</a> (243)</li><li><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/archive/201511">November 2015</a> (211)</li><li><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/archive/201510">October 2015</a> (233)</li><li><a href="/web/20160105102955/http://blogs.worldbank.org/archive/201509">September 2015</a> 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