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margin: .1em .5em;"><b>[<span class="plainlinks plainlinksneverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Accidental_(music)&action=edit&section=0"><font size="2">edit intro</font></a></span>]</b></div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><b>Accidental</b> is a <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Sharp_(music)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sharp (music) (page does not exist)">sharp</a> (<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;">♯</span> ), double-sharp (<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Special:Upload&wpDestFile=Doublesharp.svg" class="new" title="File:Doublesharp.svg">double sharp</a></span> ), <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Flat_(music)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flat (music) (page does not exist)">flat</a> (<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;">♭</span> ), double-flat (<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><a href="/wiki/File:Doubleflat.svg" class="image" title="double flat"><img alt="double flat" src="/wiki/images/thumb/2/23/Doubleflat.svg/8px-Doubleflat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="12" srcset="/wiki/images/thumb/2/23/Doubleflat.svg/12px-Doubleflat.svg.png 1.5x, /wiki/images/thumb/2/23/Doubleflat.svg/16px-Doubleflat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="133" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> ), or <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Natural_(music)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natural (music) (page does not exist)">natural</a> (<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;">♮</span> ) placed in front of the head of a <a href="/wiki/Note_(music)" title="Note (music)">note</a> to show that the note is to be raised, lowered, or restored to its former state. They were originally called accidentals because they occur only occasionally in the course of a <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Musical_composition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musical composition (page does not exist)">musical composition</a>, and are thus distinguishable from the <a href="/wiki/Musical_notation" class="mw-redirect" title="Musical notation">signs</a> of similar import written in the <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Key_signature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Key signature (page does not exist)">key signature</a> and forming part of the normal scale. A sharp raises the <a href="/wiki/Pitch_(music)" title="Pitch (music)">pitch</a> of a note one half step; a double-sharp raises it two half-steps; a flat lowers it one half step; a double-flat lowers it two half steps; and a natural sign cancels all prior sharpings or flattings, including those in the key signature. Rarely used, there are examples such as triple flats, such as in the works of French composer <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Charles-Valentin_Alkan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles-Valentin Alkan (page does not exist)">Charles-Valentin Alkan</a>). </p><p>The accidental sign changes only the note that follows it and any repetition of that note on the same <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Staff_(music)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Staff (music) (page does not exist)">staff</a> degree (line or space) within the <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Bar_(music)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bar (music) (page does not exist)">measure</a>. The sign has no effect on the note should the note appear in the next measure, unless the sign has been held over by a tie. The sign also has no effect on a note with the same letter name but a different line or space. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span></h2> <p>The first accidental to be used was derived from the notation of Italian <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Music_theory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Music theory (page does not exist)">music theorist</a> <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Guido_of_Arezzo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guido of Arezzo (page does not exist)">Guido of Arezzo</a>, who advocated the flat, which was first applied to the note <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=B_(musical_note)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="B (musical note) (page does not exist)">B</a>. Since B was for a long time the only note to be flatted, the sign for B-flat, a rounded <i>b</i> (<i>rotundum</i>), which later came to be used whenever any note was to be flatted. The sharp sign was not used until about 1500, and originally consisted of a twofold overlapped 'x', replaced by the # in the 18th century. With the development of <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Chromaticism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chromaticism (page does not exist)">chromaticism</a>, it became necessary to introduce additional notation. The natural, double-sharp, and double-flat came into music around the year 1700. The natural was indicated by a square (<i>quadratum</i>). </p><p>Before the introduction of accidentals, composers expected performers to raise or lower tones according to what their ears told them to do. This practice was called <i><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Musica_ficta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musica ficta (page does not exist)">musica ficta</a></i> (contrived music). </p>  </div> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Accidental_(music)&oldid=960855">https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Accidental_(music)&oldid=960855</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CZ_Live" title="Category:CZ Live">CZ Live</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Music_Workgroup" title="Category:Music Workgroup">Music Workgroup</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_written_in_British_English" title="Category:Articles written in British English">Articles written in British English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Content" title="Category:All Content">All Content</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Music_Content" title="Category:Music Content">Music Content</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_broken_file_links" title="Category:Pages with broken file links">Pages with broken file links</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Music_tag" title="Category:Music tag">Music tag</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Suggestion_Bot_Tag" title="Category:Suggestion Bot Tag">Suggestion Bot Tag</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-navigation"> <h2>Navigation menu</h2> <div id="mw-head"> <nav id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal vector-user-menu-legacy" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label" role="navigation" > <h3 id="p-personal-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Personal tools</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"><li id="pt-login" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Accidental+%28music%29" title="To edit pages, [[Special:RequestAccount|get a contributor account]]. 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