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donation</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: organ donation"> <meta name="keywords" content="organ donation"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="organ donation"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 410</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: organ donation</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">200</span> Veering Pattern in Human Walking in Sighted and Blindfolded Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Triloki%20Prasad">Triloki Prasad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subhankar%20Ghosh"> Subhankar Ghosh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asis%20Goswami"> Asis Goswami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The information received from visual organ plays an important role in human locomotion and human beings generally veer from the straight line in the absence of visual cue. Since in case of visually impaired persons this support is unavailable they are expected to have a different type of locomotion behaviour than the sighted persons. Higher degree of veering can result in accident or injury during indoor and outdoor activities. Hence, it is important to know the degree of veering that may happen in case of a sighted individual loosing the visual input. The present study was conducted on fifty three volunteers who walked with open and closed eyes, at their comfortable pace, in a grid marked area of 17m by 10m space. The volunteers had to walk in a straight line from a central starting point during three trials and their walking path was marked with a pair of sponge absorbed with three different colours. All volunteers had walked expectedly in straight line during open eye condition but had varied degree of veering during closed eye state. The correlation between the first step side and the side of deviation was not significant in closed eye condition. The number of steps taken in open eye and closed eye condition were significantly different while travelling similar distances. This study reveals that sighted persons become cautious during walking if the visual cue is not available and they reduce the step length so there is increase in step number. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Closed%20eye" title="Closed eye">Closed eye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Open%20eye" title=" Open eye"> Open eye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Footprint" title=" Footprint"> Footprint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veering" title=" Veering"> Veering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85653/veering-pattern-in-human-walking-in-sighted-and-blindfolded-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">203</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">199</span> Effects of Porcine Oviductal Fluid on In vitro Growth of Dendrobium mirbelianum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Youngsabanant-Areekijseree">M. Youngsabanant-Areekijseree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Thepsithar"> C. Thepsithar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Sribuddhachart"> K. Sribuddhachart</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Tananantayot"> J. Tananantayot</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Porcine oviductal fluid (pOF) from oviduct, an unused organ from the slaughterhouse, was effectively used for biotechnology studies. The fluid components consisted of micro- and macro-nutrients, amino acids, carbon source and proteins that played important roles in animal cell and embryo development. This was our knowledge on investigating pOF as growth promoting substance in culture medium of an orchid, Dendrobium mirbelianum. Two-leaf shoots were cultured in liquid Vacin and Went (VW) medium as a standard medium supplemented with 2 g/L peptone (Pe) or 100 g/ L boiled-potato water (Po) alone or in combinations, and added with 0, 1, 3 or 5 ml/L pOF. All explants were cultured in a stationary condition for 8 weeks. It was found that medium added with 100 g/L Po and 1 ml/L pOF provided the best results (1.02 g fresh weight, 4.2 shoots, 0.53 cm shoot height, 4.4 protocorms, 11.0 leaves and 5.7 roots with 100% survival) when compared to other medium, but not statistically significant difference from medium added with 100 g/L Po (0.86 g fresh weight, 4.3 shoots, 0.51 cm shoot height, 4.6 protocorms, 12.4 leaves and 6.6 roots with 100% survival). However, VW medium supplemented with 1 or 3 ml/L pOF alone showed the higher percentage of survival (100%) than VW medium (86.67%). It was shown the potential role of pOF as an organic supplement for promoting growth of plants. Acknowledgements—The project was funded by a grant from Silpakorn University Research & Development Institute (SURDI) and Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Thailand. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dendrobium%20mirbelianum" title="Dendrobium mirbelianum">Dendrobium mirbelianum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pig" title=" pig"> pig</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oviductal%20fluid" title=" oviductal fluid"> oviductal fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro%20growth" title=" in vitro growth"> in vitro growth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55253/effects-of-porcine-oviductal-fluid-on-in-vitro-growth-of-dendrobium-mirbelianum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55253.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">198</span> The Relation Between Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Neopterin in the Paraquat-Induced Lung Toxicity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Toygar">M. Toygar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Aydin"> I. Aydin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Agilli"> M. Agilli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20N.%20Aydin"> F. N. Aydin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Oztosun"> M. Oztosun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Gul"> H. Gul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Macit"> E. Macit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Karslioglu"> Y. Karslioglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Topal"> T. Topal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Uysal"> B. Uysal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Honca"> M. Honca</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Paraquat (PQ) is a well-known quaternary nitrogen herbicide. The major target organ in PQ poisoning is the lung. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation play a crucial role in the development of PQ-induced pulmonary injury. Neopterin is synthesized in macrophage by interferon g and other cytokines. We aimed to evaluate the utility of neopterin as a diagnostic marker in PQ-induced lung toxicity. Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (sham and PQ), administered intraperitoneally 1 mL saline and PQ (15 mg/kg/mL) respectively. Blood samples and lungs were collected for analyses. Lung injury and fibrosis were seen in the PQ group. Serum total antioxidant capacity, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and lung transforming growth factor-1 (TGF-1) levels were significantly higher than the sham group (in all, p< 0.001). In addition, in the PQ group, serum neopterin and lung malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were also significantly higher than the sham group (in all, p 1/4 0.001). Serum neopterin levels were correlated with LDH activities, lung MDA, lung TGF-1 levels, and the degree of lung injury. These findings demonstrated that oxidative stress, reduction of antioxidant capacity, and inflammation play a crucial role in the PQ-induced lung injury. Elevated serum neopterin levels may be a prognostic parameter to determine extends of PQ-induced lung toxicity. Further studies may be performed to clarify the role of neopterin by different doses of PQ. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paraquat" title="paraquat">paraquat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammation" title=" inflammation"> inflammation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidative%20stress" title=" oxidative stress"> oxidative stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neopterin" title=" neopterin"> neopterin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lung%20toxicity" title=" lung toxicity"> lung toxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13543/the-relation-between-oxidative-stress-inflammation-and-neopterin-in-the-paraquat-induced-lung-toxicity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13543.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">197</span> Anonymity and Irreplaceability: Gross Anatomical Practices in Japanese Medical Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayami%20Umemura">Ayami Umemura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Without exception, all the bodies dissected in the gross anatomical practices are bodies that have lived irreplaceable lives, laughing and talking with family and friends. While medical education aims to cultivate medical knowledge that is universally applicable to all human bodies, it relies on a unique, irreplaceable, and singular entity. In this presentation, we will explore the ``irreplaceable relationship'' that is cultivated between medical students and anonymous cadavers during gross anatomical practices, drawing on Emmanuel Levinas's ``ethics of the face'' and Martin Buber's discussion of “I-Thou.'' Through this, we aim to present ``a different ethic'' that emerges only in the context of face-to-face relationships, which differs from the generalized, institutionalized, mass-produced ethics like seen in so-called ``ethics codes.'' Since the 1990s, there has been a movement around the world to use gross anatomical practices as an "educational tool" for medical professionalism and medical ethics, and some educational institutions have started disclosing the actual names, occupations, and places of birth of corpses to medical students. These efforts have also been criticized because they lack medical calmness. In any case, the issue here is that this information is all about the past that medical students never know directly. The critical fact that medical students are building relationships from scratch and spending precious time together without any information about the corpses before death is overlooked. Amid gross anatomical practices, a medical student is exposed to anonymous cadavers with faces and touching and feeling them. In this presentation, we will examine a collection of essays written by medical students on gross anatomical practices collected by the Japanese Association for Volunteer Body Donation from medical students across the country since 1978. There, we see the students calling out to the corpse, being called out to, being encouraged, superimposing the carcasses on their own immediate family, regretting parting, and shedding tears. Then, medical students can be seen addressing the dead body in the second person singular, “you.” These behaviors reveal an irreplaceable relationship between the anonymous cadavers and the medical students. The moment they become involved in an irreplaceable relationship between “I and you,” an accidental and anonymous encounter becomes inevitable. When medical students notice being the inevitable takers of voluntary and addressless gifts, they pledge to become “Good Doctors” owing the anonymous persons. This presentation aims to present “a different ethic” based on uniqueness and irreplaceability that comes from the faces of the others embedded in each context, which is different from “routine” and “institutionalized” ethics. That can only be realized ``because of anonymity''. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anonymity" title="anonymity">anonymity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irreplaceability" title=" irreplaceability"> irreplaceability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uniqueness" title=" uniqueness"> uniqueness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=singularlity" title=" singularlity"> singularlity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emanuel%20levinas" title=" emanuel levinas"> emanuel levinas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=martin%20buber" title=" martin buber"> martin buber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alain%20badiou" title=" alain badiou"> alain badiou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20education" title=" medical education"> medical education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175836/anonymity-and-irreplaceability-gross-anatomical-practices-in-japanese-medical-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175836.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">196</span> TCTN2 Maintains the Transition Zone Stability and Controls the Entrance of the Ciliary Membrane Protein into Primary Cilia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rueyhung%20Weng">Rueyhung Weng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-En%20Huang"> Chia-En Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung-Chi-Liao"> Jung-Chi-Liao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The transition zone (TZ) serves as a diffusion barrier to regulate the ins and outs of the proteins recruited to the primary cilia. TCTN2 is one of the TZ proteins and its mutation causes Joubert syndrome, a serious multi-organ disease. Despite its important medical relevance, the functions of TCTN2 remain elusive. Here we created a TCTN2 gene deleted retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE1) using CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing technique and used this knockout line to reveal roles of TCTN2. TCTN2 knockout RPE1 cells displayed a significantly reduced ciliogenesis or a shortened primary cilium length in the cilium-remaining population. Intraflagellar transport protein IFT88 aberrantly accumulated at the tip of TCTN2 deficient cells. Guanine nucleotide exchange factor Arl13B was mostly absent from the ciliary compartment, with a small population localizing at the ciliary tip. The deficient TZ was corroborated with the mislocalization of two other TZ proteins TMEM67 and MKS1. In addition, TCTN2 deficiency induced TZ impairment led to the suppression of Sonic hedgehog signaling in response to Smoothened (Smo) agonist. Together, depletion of TCTN2 destabilizes other TZ proteins and considerably alters the localization of key transport and signaling-associated proteins, including IFT88, Arl13B, and Smo. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CRISPR%2FCas9" title="CRISPR/Cas9">CRISPR/Cas9</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20cilia" title=" primary cilia"> primary cilia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonic%20hedgehog%20signaling" title=" Sonic hedgehog signaling"> Sonic hedgehog signaling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transition%20zone" title=" transition zone"> transition zone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44840/tctn2-maintains-the-transition-zone-stability-and-controls-the-entrance-of-the-ciliary-membrane-protein-into-primary-cilia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44840.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">195</span> Gallbladder Amyloidosis Causing Gangrenous Cholecystitis: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Leung">Christopher Leung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guillermo%20Becerril-Martinez"> Guillermo Becerril-Martinez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Amyloidosis is a rare systemic disease where abnormal proteins invade various organs and impede their function. Occasionally, they can manifest in a solidary organ such as the heart, lung, and nervous systems; rarely do they manifest in the gallbladder. Diagnosis often requires biopsy of the affected area and histopathology shows deposition of abnormally folded globular proteins called amyloid proteins. This case presents a 69-year-old male with a 3-month history of RUQ pain, diarrhea and non-specific symptoms of tiredness, etc. On imaging, both his US and CT abdomen showed gallbladder wall thickening and pericholecystic fluid, which may represent acute cholecystitis with hypodense lesions around the gallbladder, possibly representing liver abscesses. Given his symptoms of abdominal pain and imaging findings, this gentleman eventually had a laparoscopic cholecystectomy showing a gangrenous gallbladder with a mass on the liver bed. On histopathology, it showed amorphous hyaline eosinophilic material, which Congo-stained confirmed amyloidosis. Amyloidosis explained his non-specific symptoms, he avoided further biopsy, and he was commenced immediately on Lenalidomide. Involvement of the gallbladder is extremely rare, with less than 30 cases around the world. Half of the cases are reported as primary amyloidosis. This case adds to the current literature regarding primary gallbladder amyloidosis. Importantly, this case highlights how laparoscopic cholecystectomy can help with the diagnosis of gallbladder amyloidosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amyloidosis" title="amyloidosis">amyloidosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cholecystitis" title=" cholecystitis"> cholecystitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gangrenous%20cholecystitis" title=" gangrenous cholecystitis"> gangrenous cholecystitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gallbladder" title=" gallbladder"> gallbladder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systemic%20amyloidosis" title=" systemic amyloidosis"> systemic amyloidosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140554/gallbladder-amyloidosis-causing-gangrenous-cholecystitis-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140554.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">207</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">194</span> Human Trafficking In North East India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neimenuo%20Kengurusie">Neimenuo Kengurusie </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human trafficking is considered a form of slavery in modern day era and a gross violation of human rights and one of the most organized crimes of the day transcending cultures, geography and time. Human trafficking is a highly complex phenomenon involving many actors like victims, survivors, their families, communities and third parties that recruit, transport and exploit the trafficked victims. It takes different forms such as child trafficking, trafficking for labour, trafficking for sexual exploitation, trafficking for organ transplantation etc. and affects virtually every corner of the world. This research draws on a variety of sources, including books, articles, journals, newspaper reports, human rights reports, online materials and interviews. In India, particularly the North East region, the issue of human trafficking has become a concern regionally, nationally and internationally. The focus of this paper is on the North Eastern part of India as it is a socially and economically backward region of the country which makes women and children susceptible to trafficking. Women and children from these regions are trafficked within and outside the state. Therefore, the paper seeks to explore the issue of human trafficking, especially trafficking of women and children in North East India, which receives insufficient attention in literature. The paper seeks to analyze and understand the trend and patterns of trafficking and the mechanisms that reinforces the process and perpetuates the phenomenon of trafficking considering the nature and scope of the problem. The paper also analyzes the anti-trafficking laws initiated by India and the North East states in particular for combating human trafficking in North East India. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title="children">children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20trafficking" title=" human trafficking"> human trafficking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=North%20East%20India" title=" North East India"> North East India</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women" title=" women"> women</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23563/human-trafficking-in-north-east-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23563.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">193</span> Collision Tumor of Plasmacytoma with Hematological and Non-Hematological Malignancies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arati%20Inamdar">Arati Inamdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siddharth%20Bhattacharyya"> Siddharth Bhattacharyya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kester%20Haye"> Kester Haye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Collision tumors are rare entities characterized by neoplasms of two different cell populations with distinct separating boundaries. Such tumors could be benign, malignant, or a combination of both. The exact mechanism of origin for collision tumors is predicted to be tumor heterogeneity or concurrent occurrence of neoplasm in the same organ. We present two cases of plasmacytoma presenting as a collision tumor, one with a tumor of hematological origin and another with a non-hematological origin, namely Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Adenocarcinoma of the colon, respectively. The immunohistochemical stains and flowcytometry analysis performed on the specimens aided incorrect diagnosis. Interestingly, neoplastic cells of plasmacytoma in the first case demonstrated strong cytokeratin along with weak Epithelial Specific Antigen/ Epithelial cell adhesion molecule Monoclonal Antibody (MOC31) positivity, indicating that the tumor may influence the microenvironment of the tumor in the vicinity. Furthermore, the next-generation sequencing studies performed on the specimen with plasmacytoma and chronic lymphocytic lymphoma demonstrated BReast CAncer gene (BRCA2) and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Induced Protein 3 (TNFAIP3) as a disease associated variants suggestive of risk for multiple tumors including collision tumors. Our reports highlight the unique collision tumors involving plasmacytoma, which have never been reported previously, as well as provide necessary insights about the underline genetic aberrations and tumor heterogeneity through sequencing studies and allow clonality assessment for subsequent tumors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BRCA2" title="BRCA2">BRCA2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collision%20tumor" title=" collision tumor"> collision tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20lymphocytic%20leukemia" title=" chronic lymphocytic leukemia"> chronic lymphocytic leukemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasmacytoma" title=" plasmacytoma"> plasmacytoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162721/collision-tumor-of-plasmacytoma-with-hematological-and-non-hematological-malignancies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162721.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">192</span> Evaluation of Prevalence of the Types of Thyroid Disorders Using Ultrasound and Pathology of One-Humped Camel in Iran: Camelus dromedarius</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Yadegari">M. Yadegari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The thyroid gland is the largest classic endocrine organ that effects many organs of the body and plays a significant role in the process of Metabolism in animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of thyroid disorders diagnosed by ultrasound and microscopic Lesions of the thyroid during the slaughter of apparently healthy One Humped Camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Iran. Randomly, 520 male camels (With an age range of 4 to 8 years), were studied in 2012 to 2013. The Camels’ thyroid glands were evaluated by sonographic examination. In both longitudinal and transverse view and then tissue sections were provide and stained with H & E and finally examined by light microscopy. The results obtained indicated the following: hyperplastic goiter (21%), degenerative changes (12%), follicular cysts (8%), follicular atrophy (4%), nodular hyperplasia (3%), adenoma (1%), carcinoma (1%) and simple goiter colloid (1%). Ultrasound evaluation of thyroid gland in adenoma and carcinoma showed enlargement and irregular of the gland, decreased echogenicity, and the heterogeneous thyroid parenchyma. Also, in follicular cysts were observed in the enlarged gland with no echo structures of different sizes and decreased echogenicity as a local or general. In nodular hyperplasia, increase echogenicity and heterogeneous parenchymal were seen. These findings suggest the use of Ultrasound as a screening test in the diagnosis of complications of thyroid disorders. Pathology also to be used for the diagnosis of thyroid problems and other side effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroid%20gland" title="thyroid gland">thyroid gland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=one%20humped%20camel" title=" one humped camel"> one humped camel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sonography" title=" sonography"> sonography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathology" title=" pathology"> pathology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21055/evaluation-of-prevalence-of-the-types-of-thyroid-disorders-using-ultrasound-and-pathology-of-one-humped-camel-in-iran-camelus-dromedarius" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21055.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">508</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">191</span> Prognostic Value of Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP-9) in Critically Ill Septic Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sherif%20Sabri">Sherif Sabri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nael%20Samir"> Nael Samir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Ali"> Mohamed Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20ElSakhawy"> Ahmed ElSakhawy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: There is growing evidence to support the hypothesis that serum matrix metalloproteinase -9 in could be an early predictor of mortality in septic patients. Aim of the work: Study the relationship of matrix metalloproteinase 9 in patients with SIRS in comparison to septic patients in day 0 and day 2. Patients and Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted on 40 adult critically ill patients staying more than 24 hours in ICU either surgical or medical department, El Fayoum General Hospital in the period from November 2014 to March 2015. Patients met at least two of the criteria for severe inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Diagnostic criteria include several clinical and laboratory findings of sepsis induced tissue hypoperfusion or organ dysfunction. Samples were grouped as drawn either at admission, or at day 2 after admission. Results: Patients were divided into two groups: The non-sepsis (SIRS) group, which included 15 (37.5%) patients with no later evidence of sepsis were enrolled as controls. The Sepsis group, which included 25 patients diagnosed to have SIRS with later evidence of sepsis with positive culture. Exploring serum level of MMP-9 in non-survivors and survivors, there was significant increase in non-survivors if compared to survivors at admission p-value 0.001 (mean value in survivors 4.4mg/dl±4.1mg/dl at admission versus mean value in non-survivors 11.9mg/dl±5.8mg/dl) and after two days of admission was also significant increase p-value 0.001 (mean value in survivors 10.9mg/dl ±9.4mg/dl versus mean value in non-survivors 22.6mg/dl±10.4). Conclusion: MMP-9 levels in septic patients have a beneficial role in ICU for high-risk stratification as it is an independent marker of mortality in severe sepsis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix%20metalloproteinase%20%28MMP-9%29" title="matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9)">matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sepsis" title=" sepsis"> sepsis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=septic%20shock" title=" septic shock"> septic shock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systemic%20inflamatory%20response%20syndrome" title=" systemic inflamatory response syndrome"> systemic inflamatory response syndrome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53745/prognostic-value-of-serum-matrix-metalloproteinase-mmp-9-in-critically-ill-septic-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53745.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">224</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">190</span> Microscopic Examination of the Pre-Hatching Development of the Chicken Ovary</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Alsafy">Mohamed Alsafy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samir%20El-Gendy"> Samir El-Gendy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20Karkoura"> Ashraf Karkoura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doha%20Shokry"> Doha Shokry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of the current study was to investigate the development of the chicken ovary. One hundred fertilized egg of Alexandria breed of chicken used. The whole embryo has undergone the light microscopic examination at HH20 (E.3), HH21 (E.3.5), HH23 (E.4), HH29 (E.6) and HH34 (E.8). The ovary has undergone the light microscopic examination at HH38 (E.12) and HH42 (E.16), SEM at HH26 (E.5), HH29 (E.6), HH36 (E.10), HH38 (E.12), HH39 (E.13) and HH42 (E.16), TEM at HH38 (E.12) and HH42 (E.16). The genital ridge appeared by a thickening of the coelomic epithelium medioventral surface of the developing mesonephroi at HH20 (E.3). The boundaries of the undifferentiating gonads defined clearly separated from the mesonephroi. The undifferentiated gonads bulged as a distinct organ in the coelomic cavity at HH23 (E.4). At the initial stages of the gonadogenesis, the germinal epithelium was stratified squamous epithelium. The PGCs appeared at the genital ridge at HH21 (E.3.5). The PGCs observed at the dorsal mesentery with few microvilli and showed positive PAS reaction due to the glycogen content in their cytoplasm. The left-right gonadal asymmetry firstly detected by the number of PGCs migrating toward the left gonadal ridge more than the right at HH20 (E.3) and the macroscopic examination of gonadal asymmetry began at HH34 (E.8). The left ovary appeared a smooth rod-shape, its stroma showed lipid droplets, and its parenchyma showed an extensive arrangement of interstitial cords at HH42 (E.16). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovary" title="ovary">ovary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandria%20chicken" title=" Alexandria chicken"> Alexandria chicken</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light%20microscopy" title=" light microscopy"> light microscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM"> SEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TEM" title=" TEM"> TEM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67184/microscopic-examination-of-the-pre-hatching-development-of-the-chicken-ovary" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67184.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">189</span> An Acyclic Zincgermylene: Rapid H₂ Activation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Juckel">Martin Juckel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Probably no other field of inorganic chemistry has undergone such a rapid development in the past two decades than the low oxidation state chemistry of main group elements. This rapid development has only been possible by the development of new bulky ligands. In case of our research group, super-bulky monodentate amido ligands and β-diketiminate ligands have been used to a great success. We first synthesized the unprecedented magnesium(I) dimer [ᴹᵉˢNacnacMg]₂ (ᴹᵉˢNacnac = [(ᴹᵉˢNCMe)₂CH]-; Mes = mesityl, which has since been used both as reducing agent and also for the synthesis of new metal-magnesium bonds. In case of the zinc bromide precursor [L*ZnBr] (L*=(N(Ar*)(SiPri₃); (Ar* = C₆H₂{C(H)Ph₂}₂Me-2,6,4, the reduction with [ᴹᵉˢNacnacMg]₂ led to such a metal-magnesium bond. This [L*ZnMg(ᴹᵉˢNacnac)] compound can be seen as an ‘inorganic Grignard reagent’, which can be used to transfer the metal fragment onto other functional groups or other metal centers; just like the conventional Grignard reagent. By simple addition of (TBoN)GeCl (TBoN = N(SiMe₃){B(DipNCH)₂) to the aforesaid compound, we were able to transfer the amido-zinc fragment to the Ge center of the germylene starting material and to synthesize the first example of a germanium(II)-zinc bond: [:Ge(TBoN)(ZnL*)]. While these reactions typically led to complex product mixture, [:Ge(TBoN)(ZnL*)] could be isolated as dark blue crystals in a good yield. This new compound shows interesting reactivity towards small molecules, especially dihydrogen gas. This is of special interest as dihydrogen is one of the more difficult small molecules to activate, due to its strong (BDE = 108 kcal/mol) and non-polar bond. In this context, the interaction between H₂ σ-bond with the tetrelylene p-Orbital (LUMO), with concomitant donation of the tetrelylene lone pair (HOMO) into the H₂ σ* orbital are responsible for the activation of dihydrogen gas. Accordingly, the narrower the HOMO-LUMO gap of tertelylene, the more reactivity towards H₂ it typically is. The aim of a narrow HOMO-LUMO gap was reached by transferring electropositive substituents respectively metal substituents with relatively low Pauling electronegativity (zinc: 1.65) onto the Ge center (here: the zinc-amido fragment). In consideration of the unprecedented reactivity of [:Ge(TBoN)(ZnL*)], a computational examination of its frontier orbital energies was undertaken. The energy separation between the HOMO, which has significant Ge lone pair character, and the LUMO, which has predominantly Ge p-orbital character, is narrow (40.8 kcal/mol; cf.∆S-T= 24.8 kcal/mol), and comparable to the HOMO-LUMO gaps calculated for other literature known complexes). The calculated very narrow HOMO-LUMO gap for the [:Ge(TBoN)(ZnL*)] complex is consistent with its high reactivity, and is remarkable considering that it incorporates a π-basic amide ligand, which are known to raise the LUMO of germylenes considerably. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activation%20of%20dihydrogen%20gas" title="activation of dihydrogen gas">activation of dihydrogen gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narrow%20HOMO-LUMO%20gap" title=" narrow HOMO-LUMO gap"> narrow HOMO-LUMO gap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=first%20germanium%28II%29-zinc%20bond" title=" first germanium(II)-zinc bond"> first germanium(II)-zinc bond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inorganic%20Grignard%20reagent" title=" inorganic Grignard reagent"> inorganic Grignard reagent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82747/an-acyclic-zincgermylene-rapid-h2-activation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82747.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">188</span> Estimated Human Absorbed Dose of 111 In-BPAMD as a New Bone-Seeking Spect-Imaging Agent</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Yousefnia">H. Yousefnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Zolghadri"> S. Zolghadri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An early diagnosis of bone metastases is very important for providing a profound decision on a subsequent therapy. A prerequisite for the clinical application of new diagnostic radiopharmaceutical is the measurement of organ radiation exposure dose from biodistribution data in animals. In this study, the dosimetric studies of a novel agent for SPECT-imaging of bone methastases, 111In-(4-{[(bis(phosphonomethyl))carbamoyl]methyl}-7,10-bis(carboxymethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododec-1-yl) acetic acid (111In-BPAMD) complex, have been estimated in human organs based on mice data. The radiolabeled complex was prepared with high radiochemical purity at the optimal conditions. Biodistribution studies of the complex were investigated in male Syrian mice at selected times after injection (2, 4, 24 and 48 h). The human absorbed dose estimation of the complex was performed based on mice data by the radiation absorbed dose assessment resource (RADAR) method. 111In-BPAMD complex was prepared with high radiochemical purity >95% (ITLC) and specific activities of 2.85 TBq/mmol. Total body effective absorbed dose for 111In-BPAMD was 0.205 mSv/MBq. This value is comparable to the other 111In clinically used complexes. The results show that the dose to critical organs the complex is well within the acceptable considered range for diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures. Generally, 111In-BPAMD has interesting characteristics and can be considered as a viable agent for SPECT-imaging of the bone metastases in the near future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=In-111" title="In-111">In-111</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BPAMD" title=" BPAMD"> BPAMD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=absorbed%20dose" title=" absorbed dose"> absorbed dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RADAR" title=" RADAR"> RADAR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34599/estimated-human-absorbed-dose-of-111-in-bpamd-as-a-new-bone-seeking-spect-imaging-agent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34599.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">481</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">187</span> Influence of Hearing Aids on Non-medically Treatable Deafness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Donatien%20Niragira">Donatien Niragira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The progress of technology creates new expectations for patients. The world of deafness is no exception. In recent years, there have been considerable advances in the field of technologies aimed at assisting failing hearing. According to the usual medical vocabulary, hearing aids are actually orthotics. They do not replace an organ but compensate for a functional impairment. The Amplifier Hearing amplification is useful for a large number of people with hearing loss. Hearing aids restore speech audibility. However, their benefits vary depending on the quality of residual hearing. The hearing aid is not a "cure" for deafness. It cannot correct all affected hearing abilities. It should be considered as an aid to communication. The urge to judge from the audiogram alone should be resisted here, as audiometry only indicates the ability to detect non-verbal sounds. To prevent hearing aids from ending up in the drawer, it is important to ensure that the patient's disability situations justify the use of this type of orthosis. If the problems of receptive Pre-fitting counseling are crucial: the person with hearing loss must be informed of the advantages and disadvantages of amplification in his or her case. Their expectations must be realistic. They also need to be aware that the adaptation process requires a good deal of patience and perseverance. They should be informed about the various models and types of hearing aids, including all the aesthetic, functional and financial considerations. If the person's motivation "survives" pre-fitting counseling, we are in the presence of a good candidate for amplification. In addition to its relevance, it shows that the results found in this study significantly improve the quality of audibility in the patient, from where this technology must be made accessible everywhere in the world. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auditives%20protheses" title="auditives protheses">auditives protheses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hearing" title=" hearing"> hearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aids" title=" aids"> aids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=no%20medicaly%20treatable%20deafnes" title=" no medicaly treatable deafnes"> no medicaly treatable deafnes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182585/influence-of-hearing-aids-on-non-medically-treatable-deafness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182585.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">57</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">186</span> Cutaneous Sarcoidosis Treated with Narrow Band Ultraviolet B (NBUVB) Phototherapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hannah%20Riva">Hannah Riva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Mazal"> Sarah Mazal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessica%20L.%20Marquez"> Jessica L. Marquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Rains"> Michael Rains</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A 70-year-old female with a Fitzpatrick skin phenotype II presented with a 13-year history of a scaly rash located on the left breast and bilateral pretibial regions. The patient’s past medical history was otherwise unremarkable, with the exception of surgery involving the left breast. Physical examination revealed infiltrative hyperpigmented scaly plaques and nodules located on the left breast and pretibial regions bilaterally. A negative systemic workup excluded organ involvement. A clinical diagnosis of cutaneous sarcoidosis was made. Prior treatments included triamcinolone 0.1% topical cream and clobetasol 0.05% ointment, which failed to show improvement. Full-body narrow-band UVB (NBUVB) treatment was performed on a tri-weekly basis for eight months. NBUVB dosage was slowly titrated from 300 mJ/cm2 to a final dose of 1800 mJ/cm2 to prevent discomfort and burning sensations. Throughout the duration of her treatment, the patient adhered to a regimen of clobetasol 0.05% topical ointment applied twice daily in two-week intervals. Improvement was noticed after two months, with continued improvement up to eight months. The patient is continuing NBUVB phototherapy treatments for maintenance. In our case, NBUVB phototherapy treatment demonstrated promising results with improvement after two months of treatment. Physicians should consider NBUVB phototherapy as an effective option for patients presenting with cutaneous sarcoidosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dermatology" title="dermatology">dermatology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sarcoidosis" title=" sarcoidosis"> sarcoidosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phototherapy" title=" phototherapy"> phototherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultraviolet" title=" ultraviolet"> ultraviolet</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168345/cutaneous-sarcoidosis-treated-with-narrow-band-ultraviolet-b-nbuvb-phototherapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168345.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">185</span> Disseminated Tuberculosis: Experience from Tuberculosis Directly Observed Treatment Short Course Center at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in the Philippines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamie%20R.%20Chua">Jamie R. Chua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20Irene%20D.%20Mejia"> Christina Irene D. Mejia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Regina%20P.%20Berba"> Regina P. Berba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Disseminated tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis involving two or more non-contiguous sites identified through bacteriologic confirmation or clinical diagnosis. Over the five year period included in the study, the UP-PGH TB DOTS clinic had total of 3,967 referrals, and the prevalence of disseminated tuberculosis is 1% (68/3967). The mean age was 33.9 years (range 19-64 years) with a male: female ratio of 1:1. 67% (52 patients) had no predisposing comorbid illness or immune disorder. The most common presenting symptoms were abdominal pain (19%), back pain (13%), abdominal enlargement (11%) and mass (10.2%). Anemia, leukocytosis, hypoalbuminemia, and high-normal serum calcium were common biochemical and hematologic findings. Around 36% (25) of patients were diagnosed clinically with disseminated tuberculosis despite lacking bacteriologic evidence of multi-organ involvement. The lungs (86%) is still the most commonly involved site, followed by intestinal (22%), vertebral/Pott’s (27%), and pelvic/genital (19%). The mean time from presentation to initiation of therapy was 22 days (SD 32.7). Only 18 patients (29.3%) were properly recorded to have been referred to local TB DOTs facilities. Of the 68 patients, only 16% (11 patients) continued follow-up at PGH, and all had documented treatment completion. Treatment outcomes of the remaining were unknown. Due to the variety of involved sites, a high index of suspicion is required. Knowledge on clinical features, common radiographic findings, and histopathologic characteristics of disseminated TB is important as bacteriologic evidence of infection is not always apparent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disseminated%20tuberculosis" title="disseminated tuberculosis">disseminated tuberculosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mycobacterium%20tuberculosis" title=" Mycobacterium tuberculosis"> Mycobacterium tuberculosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=miliary%20tuberculosis" title=" miliary tuberculosis"> miliary tuberculosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tuberculosis" title=" tuberculosis"> tuberculosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77513/disseminated-tuberculosis-experience-from-tuberculosis-directly-observed-treatment-short-course-center-at-a-tertiary-care-teaching-hospital-in-the-philippines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77513.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">184</span> Effects of Chemicals in Elderly</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Kuzu">Ali Kuzu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are about 800 thousand chemicals in our environment and the number is increasing more than a thousand every year. While most of these chemicals are used as components in various consumer products, some are faced as industrial waste in the environment. Unfortunately, many of these chemicals are hazardous and affect humans. According to the “International Program on Chemical Safety” of World Health Organization; Among the chronic health effects of chemicals, cancer is of major concern. Many substances have found in recent years to be carcinogenic in one or more species of laboratory animals. Especially with respect to long-term effects, the response to a chemical may vary, quantitatively or qualitatively, in different groups of individuals depending on predisposing conditions, such as nutritional status, disease status, current infection, climatic extremes, and genetic features, sex and age of the individuals. Understanding the response of such specific risk groups is an important area of toxicology research. People with age 65+ is defined as “aged (or elderly)”. The elderly population in the world is about 600 million, which corresponds to ~8 percent of the world population. While every 1 of each 4 people is aged in Japan, the elderly population is quite close to 20 percent in many developed countries. And elderly population in these countries is growing more rapidly than the total population. The negative effects of chemicals on elderly take an important place in health-care related issues in last decades. The aged population is more susceptible to the harmful effects of environmental chemicals. According to the poor health of the organ systems in elderly, the ability of their body to eliminate the harmful effects and chemical substances from their body is also poor. With the increasing life expectancy, more and more people will face problems associated with chemical residues. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elderly" title="elderly">elderly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemicals%E2%80%99%20effects" title=" chemicals’ effects"> chemicals’ effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aged%20care" title=" aged care"> aged care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=care%20need" title=" care need"> care need</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17669/effects-of-chemicals-in-elderly" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17669.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">183</span> Optimizing the Morphology and Flow Patterns of Scaffold Perfusion Systems for Effective Cell Deposition Using Computational Fluid Dynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vineeth%20Siripuram">Vineeth Siripuram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhineet%20Nigam"> Abhineet Nigam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A bioreactor is an engineered system that supports a biologically active environment. Along the years, the advancements in bioreactors have been widely accepted all over the world for varied applications ranging from sewage treatment to tissue cloning. Driven by tissue and organ shortage, tissue engineering has emerged as an alternative to transplantation for the reconstruction of lost or damaged organs. In this study, Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been used to model porous medium flow in scaffolds (taken from the literature) with different flow patterns. A detailed analysis of different scaffold geometries and their influence on cell deposition in the perfusion system is been carried out using Computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Considering the fact that, the scaffold should mimic the organs or tissues structures in a three-dimensional manner, certain assumptions were made accordingly. The research on scaffolds has been extensively carried out in different bioreactors. However, there has been less focus on the morphology of the scaffolds and the flow patterns in which the perfusion system is laid upon. The objective of this paper is to employ a computational approach using CFD simulation to determine the optimal morphology and the anisotropic measurements of the various samples of scaffolds. Using predictive computational modelling approach, variables which exert dominant effects on the cell deposition within the scaffold were prioritised and corresponding changes in morphology of scaffold and flow patterns in the perfusion systems are made. A Eulerian approach was carried on in multiple CFD simulations, and it is observed that the morphological and topological changes in the scaffold perfusion system are of great importance in the commercial applications of scaffolds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20seeding" title="cell seeding">cell seeding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20patterns" title=" flow patterns"> flow patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling" title=" modelling"> modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perfusion%20systems" title=" perfusion systems"> perfusion systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaffold" title=" scaffold"> scaffold</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90785/optimizing-the-morphology-and-flow-patterns-of-scaffold-perfusion-systems-for-effective-cell-deposition-using-computational-fluid-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90785.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">182</span> Iterative Method for Lung Tumor Localization in 4D CT</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20K.%20Hagi">Sarah K. Hagi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majdi%20Alnowaimi"> Majdi Alnowaimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the last decade, there were immense advancements in the medical imaging modalities. These advancements can scan a whole volume of the lung organ in high resolution images within a short time. According to this performance, the physicians can clearly identify the complicated anatomical and pathological structures of lung. Therefore, these advancements give large opportunities for more advance of all types of lung cancer treatment available and will increase the survival rate. However, lung cancer is still one of the major causes of death with around 19% of all the cancer patients. Several factors may affect survival rate. One of the serious effects is the breathing process, which can affect the accuracy of diagnosis and lung tumor treatment plan. We have therefore developed a semi automated algorithm to localize the 3D lung tumor positions across all respiratory data during respiratory motion. The algorithm can be divided into two stages. First, a lung tumor segmentation for the first phase of the 4D computed tomography (CT). Lung tumor segmentation is performed using an active contours method. Then, localize the tumor 3D position across all next phases using a 12 degrees of freedom of an affine transformation. Two data set where used in this study, a compute simulate for 4D CT using extended cardiac-torso (XCAT) phantom and 4D CT clinical data sets. The result and error calculation is presented as root mean square error (RMSE). The average error in data sets is 0.94 mm ± 0.36. Finally, evaluation and quantitative comparison of the results with a state-of-the-art registration algorithm was introduced. The results obtained from the proposed localization algorithm show a promising result to localize alung tumor in 4D CT data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automated%20algorithm" title="automated algorithm ">automated algorithm </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography" title="computed tomography">computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lung%20tumor" title=" lung tumor"> lung tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tumor%20localization" title=" tumor localization"> tumor localization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34015/iterative-method-for-lung-tumor-localization-in-4d-ct" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34015.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">602</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">181</span> Developing a Virtual Reality System to Assist in Anatomy Teaching and Evaluating the Effectiveness of That System </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarek%20Abdelkader">Tarek Abdelkader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suresh%20Selvaraj"> Suresh Selvaraj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prasad%20Iyer"> Prasad Iyer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Mun%20Hin"> Yong Mun Hin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hajmath%20Begum"> Hajmath Begum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Gopalakrishnakone"> P. Gopalakrishnakone</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, more and more educational institutes, as well as students, rely on 3D anatomy programs as an important tool that helps students correlate the actual locations of anatomical structures in a 3D dimension. Lately, virtual reality (VR) is gaining more favor from the younger generations due to its higher interactive mode. As a result, using virtual reality as a gamified learning platform for anatomy became the current goal. We present a model where a Virtual Human Anatomy Program (VHAP) was developed to assist with the anatomy learning experience of students. The anatomy module has been built, mostly, from real patient CT scans. Segmentation and surface rendering were used to create the 3D model by direct segmentation of CT scans for each organ individually and exporting that model as a 3D file. After acquiring the 3D files for all needed organs, all the files were introduced into a Virtual Reality environment as a complete body anatomy model. In this ongoing experiment, students from different Allied Health orientations are testing the VHAP. Specifically, the cardiovascular system has been selected as the focus system of study since all of our students finished learning about it in the 1st trimester. The initial results suggest that the VHAP system is adding value to the learning process of our students, encouraging them to get more involved and to ask more questions. Involved students comments show that they are excited about the VHAP system with comments about its interactivity as well as the ability to use it solo as a self-learning aid in combination with the lectures. Some students also experienced minor side effects like dizziness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20construction" title="3D construction">3D construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20sciences" title=" health sciences"> health sciences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20pedagogy" title=" teaching pedagogy"> teaching pedagogy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20reality" title=" virtual reality"> virtual reality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106605/developing-a-virtual-reality-system-to-assist-in-anatomy-teaching-and-evaluating-the-effectiveness-of-that-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106605.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">180</span> Understanding the Mechanisms of Salmonella typhimurium Resistance to Cannabidiol</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iddrisu%20Ibrahim">Iddrisu Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Atia%20Ayariga"> Joseph Atia Ayariga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junhuan%20Xu"> Junhuan Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Abugri"> Daniel Abugri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boakai%20Robertson"> Boakai Robertson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olufemi%20S.%20Ajayi"> Olufemi S. Ajayi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The emergence of multidrug resistance poses a huge risk to public health globally. Yet these recalcitrant pathogens continue to rise in incidence rate, with resistance rates significantly outpacing the speed of antibiotic development. This, therefore, presents an aura of related health issues such as untreatable nosocomial infections arising from organ transplants and surgeries, as well as community-acquired infections that are related to people with compromised immunity, e.g., diabetic and HIV patients, etc. There is a global effort to fight multidrug-resistant pathogens spearheaded by the World Health Organization, thus calling for research into novel antimicrobial agents to fight multiple drug resistance. Previously, our laboratory demonstrated that Cannabidiol (CBD) was an effective antimicrobial against Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium). However, we observed resistance development over time. To understand the mechanisms S. typhimurium uses to develop resistance to Cannabidiol (CBD), we studied the abundance of bacteria lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and membrane sterols of both susceptible and resistant S. typhimurium. Using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), we also analyzed the expression of selected genes known for aiding resistance development in S. typhimurium. We discovered that there was a significantly higher expression of blaTEM, fimA, fimZ, and integrons in the CBD-resistant bacteria, and these were also accompanied by a shift in abundance in cell surface molecules such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and sterols. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobials" title="antimicrobials">antimicrobials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance" title=" resistance"> resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cannabidiol" title=" cannabidiol"> cannabidiol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gram-negative%20bacteria" title=" gram-negative bacteria"> gram-negative bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrons" title=" integrons"> integrons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blaTEM" title=" blaTEM"> blaTEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fim" title=" Fim"> Fim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LPS" title=" LPS"> LPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ergosterols" title=" ergosterols"> ergosterols</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171048/understanding-the-mechanisms-of-salmonella-typhimurium-resistance-to-cannabidiol" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171048.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">179</span> Evaluation of Developmental Toxicity and Teratogenicity of Perfluoroalkyl Compounds Using FETAX</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun-Kyung%20Lee">Hyun-Kyung Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jehyung%20Oh"> Jehyung Oh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Eun%20Jeong"> Young Eun Jeong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun-Shik%20Lee"> Hyun-Shik Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Perfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs) are environmental toxicants that persistently accumulate in the human blood. Their widespread detection and accumulation in the environment raise concerns about whether these chemicals might be developmental toxicants and teratogens in the ecosystem. We evaluated and compared the toxicity of PFCs of containing various numbers of carbon atoms (C8-11 carbons) on vertebrate embryogenesis. We assessed the developmental toxicity and teratogenicity of various PFCs. The toxic effects on Xenopus embryos were evaluated using different methods. We measured teratogenic indices (TIs) and investigated the mechanisms underlying developmental toxicity and teratogenicity by measuring the expression of organ-specific biomarkers such as xPTB (liver), Nkx2.5 (heart), and Cyl18 (intestine). All PFCs that we tested were found to be developmental toxicants and teratogens. Their toxic effects were strengthened with increasing length of the fluorinated carbon chain. Furthermore, we produced evidence showing that perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFuDA) are more potent developmental toxicants and teratogens in an animal model compared to the other PFCs we evaluated [perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)]. In particular, severe defects resulting from PFDA and PFuDA exposure were observed in the liver and heart, respectively, using the whole mount in situ hybridization, real-time PCR, pathologic analysis of the heart, and dissection of the liver. Our studies suggest that most PFCs are developmental toxicants and teratogens, however, compounds that have higher numbers of carbons (i.e., PFDA and PFuDA) exert more potent effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PFC" title="PFC">PFC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=xenopus" title=" xenopus"> xenopus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fetax" title=" fetax"> fetax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46966/evaluation-of-developmental-toxicity-and-teratogenicity-of-perfluoroalkyl-compounds-using-fetax" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46966.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">352</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">178</span> Risk Factors for Determining Anti-HBcore to Hepatitis B Virus Among Blood Donors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatyana%20Savchuk">Tatyana Savchuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yelena%20Grinvald"> Yelena Grinvald</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Ali"> Mohamed Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramune%20Sepetiene"> Ramune Sepetiene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dinara%20Sadvakassova"> Dinara Sadvakassova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saniya%20Saussakova"> Saniya Saussakova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuralay%20Zhangazieva"> Kuralay Zhangazieva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dulat%20Imashpayev"> Dulat Imashpayev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction. The problem of viral hepatitis B (HBV) takes a vital place in the global health system. The existing risk of HBV transmission through blood transfusions is associated with transfusion of blood taken from infected individuals during the “serological window” period or from patients with latent HBV infection, the marker of which is anti-HBcore. In the absence of information about other markers of hepatitis B, the presence of anti-HBcore suggests that a person may be actively infected or has suffered hepatitis B in the past and has immunity. Aim. To study the risk factors influencing the positive anti-HBcore indicators among the donor population. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted in 2021 in the Scientific and Production Center of Transfusiology of the Ministry of Healthcare in Kazakhstan. The samples taken from blood donors were tested for anti-HBcore, by CLIA on the Architect i2000SR (ABBOTT). A special questionnaire was developed for the blood donors’ socio-demographic characteristics. Statistical analysis was conducted by the R software (version 4.1.1, USA, 2021). Results.5709 people aged 18 to 66 years were included in the study, the proportion of men and women was 68.17% and 31.83%, respectively. The average age of the participants was 35.7 years. A weighted multivariable mixed effects logistic regression analysis showed that age (p<0.001), ethnicity (p<0.05), and marital status (p<0.05) were statistically associated with anti-HBcore positivity. In particular, analysis adjusting for gender, nationality, education, marital status, family history of hepatitis, blood transfusion, injections, and surgical interventions, with a one-year increase in age (adjOR=1.06, 95%CI:1.05-1.07), showed an 6% growth in odds of having anti-HBcore positive results. Those who were russian ethnicity (adjOR=0.65, 95%CI:0.46-0.93) and representatives of other nationality groups (adjOR=0.56, 95%CI:0.37-0.85) had lower odds of having anti-HBcore when compared to Kazakhs when controlling for other covariant variables. Among singles, the odds of having a positive anti-HBcore were lower by 29% (adjOR = 0.71, 95%CI:0.57-0.89) compared to married participants when adjusting for other variables. Conclusions.Kazakhstan is one of the countries with medium endemicity of HBV prevalence (2%-7%). Results of the study demonstrated the possibility to form a profile of risk factors (age, nationality, marital status). Taking into account the data, it is recommended to increase attention to donor questionnaires by adding leading questions and to improve preventive measures to prevent HBV. Funding. This research was supported by a grant from Abbott Laboratories. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-HBcore" title="anti-HBcore">anti-HBcore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20donor" title=" blood donor"> blood donor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=donation" title=" donation"> donation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepatitis%20B%20virus" title=" hepatitis B virus"> hepatitis B virus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occult%20hepatitis" title=" occult hepatitis"> occult hepatitis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153843/risk-factors-for-determining-anti-hbcore-to-hepatitis-b-virus-among-blood-donors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153843.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">177</span> Prevalence and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Dodonaea viscosa Extract and Antibacterial Agents against Salmonella spp. Isolated from Poultry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shayma%20Munqith%20Al-Baker">Shayma Munqith Al-Baker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadhl%20Ahmed%20Saeed%20Al-Gasha%E2%80%99a"> Fadhl Ahmed Saeed Al-Gasha’a</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samira%20Hamid%20Hanash"> Samira Hamid Hanash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Ali%20Al-Hazmi"> Ahmed Ali Al-Hazmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A total of 200 samples (180 fecal materials and 20 organ samples) were collected from (5 different poultry farms, 10 local poultry shops, 5 houses poultry, 5 Eggs stores shops and 5 hand slaughters centers) in Ibb city, Yemen, 2014. According to morphological, cultural, as well as biochemical characterization and serological tests, 59 29.5% isolates were identified as Salmonella spp. and all Salmonella isolates were categorized by serotype, which comprised of, 37 62.71% Salmonella Typhimurium serovar, 21 35.59%. Salmonella Enteritidis serovar and 11.69% Salmonella Heidelberg serovar. Antibiotic sensitivity test was done for bacterial isolates and the results showed there were clear differences in antibiotic resistant. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates varies as follows: Ofloxacin 79.66%, Ciprofloxacin 67.80%, Colistin 59.32% and Gentamycin 52.54%. All of isolates were resistant to Erythromycin, Penicillin and Lincomycin. Antibacterial activity was done for both aqueous and ethanol extracts of Dodonaea viscosa plant by using well and disc diffusion assay. The results indicated that well diffusion assay had best results than disc diffusion assay, the highest inhibition zone was 22 mm for well diffusion and 15 mm for disc diffusion assay, the results observed that ethanol extract had best antibacterial effect than aqueous extract which the percentage of bacterial isolates affected with ethanol extract was 71.19% comparing with aqueous extract 28.81% by using disc diffusion assay, while the percentage of bacterial isolates affected with ethanol extract was 88.13% comparing with aqueous extract 52.54% by using will diffusion assay. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salmonella%20spp" title="Salmonella spp">Salmonella spp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dodonaea%20viscosa" title=" Dodonaea viscosa"> Dodonaea viscosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20and%20salmonellosis" title=" antimicrobial and salmonellosis"> antimicrobial and salmonellosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26871/prevalence-and-evaluation-of-antimicrobial-activity-of-dodonaea-viscosa-extract-and-antibacterial-agents-against-salmonella-spp-isolated-from-poultry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26871.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">473</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">176</span> Direct Cost of Anesthesia in Traumatic Patients with Massive Bleeding: A Prospective Micro-Costing Study </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asamaporn%20Puetpaiboon">Asamaporn Puetpaiboon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunisa%20Chatmongkolchart"> Sunisa Chatmongkolchart</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nalinee%20Kovitwanawong"> Nalinee Kovitwanawong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osaree%20Akaraborworn"> Osaree Akaraborworn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Traumatic patients with massive bleeding require intensive resuscitation. The actual cost of anesthesia per case has never been clarified, so our study aimed to quantify the direct cost, and cost-to-charge ratio of anesthetic care in traumatic patients with intraoperative massive bleeding. This study was a prospective, observational, cost analysis study, conducted in Prince of Songkla University hospital, Thailand, with traumatic patients, of any mechanisms being recruited. Massive bleeding was defined as estimated blood loss of at least one blood volume in 24 hours, or a half of blood volume in 3 hours. The cost components were identified by the micro-costing method, and valued by the bottom-up approach. The direct cost was divided into 4 categories: the labor cost, the capital cost, the material cost and the cost of drugs. From September 2017 to August 2018, 10 patients with multiple injuries were included. Seven patients had motorcycle accidents, two patients fell from a height and another one was in a minibus accident. Two patients died on the operating table, and another two died within 48 hours. The median Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was 8. The median intraoperative blood loss was 3,500 ml. The median direct cost, per case, was 250 United States Dollars (2017 exchange rate), and the cost-to-charge ratio was 0.53. In summary, the direct cost was nearly half of the hospital charge, for these traumatic patients with massive bleeding. However, our study did not analyze the indirect cost. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost" title="cost">cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost-to-charge%20ratio" title=" cost-to-charge ratio"> cost-to-charge ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-costing" title=" micro-costing"> micro-costing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trauma" title=" trauma"> trauma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101957/direct-cost-of-anesthesia-in-traumatic-patients-with-massive-bleeding-a-prospective-micro-costing-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101957.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">175</span> Effects of Egg Yolk Peptide on the Retardation of Bone Growth Induced by Low-Calcium Diets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kang-Hyun%20Leem">Kang-Hyun Leem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myung-Gyou%20Kim"> Myung-Gyou Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hye%20Kyung%20Kim"> Hye Kyung Kim </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Eggs have long been an important contributor to the nutritional quality of the human, and recognized as a very valuable source of proteins for human nutrition. Egg yolk is composed of various important chemical substances for human health. Growth means not only the increase of body weight but also the elongation of height and the enlargement of each organ's anatomical and morphological size. A calcium shortage causes the growth retardation on the body growth. In this study, we examined the therapeutic effects of egg yolk peptide (EYP) on the retardation of the longitudinal bone growth induced by low-calcium diet (0.05%) in adolescent rats. Low calcium diets were administrated for 15 days. During the last five days, calcium and/or vitamin D and/or EYP were administrated. The body weights, longitudinal bone growth rates, the heights of growth plates, and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 expressions were measured using histochemical analysis. Low calcium diets caused the significant reduction in body weight gains and the longitudinal bone growth. The heights of growth plates and the expressions of BMP-2 and IGF-1 showed the impairment of body growth as well. Calcium and/or vitamin D administration could not significantly increase the longitudinal bone growth. However, calcium, vitamin D, and EYP administration significantly increased the bone growth, the growth plate height, and BMP-2 and IGF-1 expressions. These results suggest that EYP enhances the longitudinal bone growth in the calcium and/or vitamin D deficiency and it could be a promising agent for the treatment of children suffering from malnutrition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=egg%20yolk%20peptide" title="egg yolk peptide">egg yolk peptide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-calcium%20diet" title=" low-calcium diet"> low-calcium diet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=longitudinal%20bone%20growth" title=" longitudinal bone growth"> longitudinal bone growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphogenetic%20protein-2" title=" morphogenetic protein-2"> morphogenetic protein-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin-like%20growth%20factor-1" title=" insulin-like growth factor-1"> insulin-like growth factor-1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20D" title=" vitamin D"> vitamin D</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11287/effects-of-egg-yolk-peptide-on-the-retardation-of-bone-growth-induced-by-low-calcium-diets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11287.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">449</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">174</span> Aerobic Exercise Increases Circulating Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Endothelial Progenitor Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20A.%20shady">Khaled A. shady</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fagr%20B.%20Bazeed"> Fagr B. Bazeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nashwa%20K.%20Abousamra"> Nashwa K. Abousamra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ihab%20H.%20Elberawe"> Ihab H. Elberawe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20E.%20shaalan"> Ashraf E. shaalan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20A.%20Sobh"> Mohamed A. Sobh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Physical activity activates a variety of adult stem cells which might be released into the circulation or might be activated in their organ-resident state. A variety of stimuli such as metabolic, mechanical, and hormonal stimuli might by responsible for the mobilization. This study was done to know the changes in hematopoietic stem cells and endothelial progenitor in athletes in the 24 hours following 30 min of aerobic exercise. Methods: Ten healthy male's athlete's (age 20.7± 0.61 y) performed moderate running with 30 min at 80% of velocity of The IAT. Blood samples taken pre-, and immediately, 30 min, 2h, 6h and 24h post-exercise were analyzed for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs ), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs(, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), nitric oxide (NO), lactic acid (LA), and white blood cells . HSCs and EPCs were quantified by flow cytometry. Results: After 30min of aerobic exercise significant increases in HSCs, EPC, VEGF, NO, LA and WBCs (p ˂ 0.05). This increase will be at different rates according to the timing of taking blood sample and was in the maximum rate of increase after 30 min of aerobic exercise. HSCs, EPC, NO and WBCs were in the maximum rate of increase 2h post exercise. In addition, VEGF was in the maximum rate of increase immediately post exercise and LA concentration not affected after exercise. Conclusion: These data suggest that HSCs and EPCs increased after aerobic exercise due to increase of VEGF which play an important role in mobilization of stem cells and promotes NO increase which contributes to increase EPCs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20activity" title="physical activity">physical activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hematopoietic%20stem%20cells" title=" hematopoietic stem cells"> hematopoietic stem cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobilization" title=" mobilization"> mobilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=athletes" title=" athletes"> athletes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158031/aerobic-exercise-increases-circulating-hematopoietic-stem-cells-and-endothelial-progenitor-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158031.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">173</span> Influence of Alcohol Consumption on Attention in Wistar Albino Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adekunle%20Adesina">Adekunle Adesina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dorcas%20Adesina"> Dorcas Adesina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This Research investigated the influence of alcohol consumption on attention in Wister albino rats. It was designed to test whether or not alcohol consumption affected visual and auditory attention. The sample of this study comprise of 3males albino rats and 3 females albino rats which were randomly assigned to 3 (male/female each) groups, 1, 2 and 3. The first group which was experimental Group 1 received 4ml of alcohol ingestion with cannula twice daily (morning and evening). The second group which was experimental group 2 received 2ml of alcohol ingestion with cannula twice daily (morning and evening). Third group which was the control group only received water (placebo), all these happened within a period of 2 days. Three hypotheses were advanced and testedf in the study. Hypothesis 1 stated that there will be no significant difference between the response speed of albino rats that consume alcohol and those that consume water on visual attention using 5-CSRTT. This was confirmed (DF (2, 9) = 0.72, P <.05). Hypothesis 2 stated that albino rats who consumed alcohol will perform better than those who consume water on auditory accuracy using 5-CSRTT. This was also tested but not confirmed (DF (2, 9) = 2.10, P< .05). The third hypothesis which stated that female albino rats who consumed alcohol would not perform better than male albino rats who consumed alcohol on auditory accuracy using 5-CSRTT was tested and not confirmed. (DF (4) = 0.17, P < .05). Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and T-test for independent measures. It was therefore recommended that government policies and programs should be directed at reducing to the barest minimum the rate of alcohol consumption especially among males as it is detrimental to the human auditory attentional organ. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol" title="alcohol">alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attention" title=" attention"> attention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influence" title=" influence"> influence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rats" title=" rats"> rats</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wistar" title=" Wistar"> Wistar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77351/influence-of-alcohol-consumption-on-attention-in-wistar-albino-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77351.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">172</span> Estimation of Effective Radiation Dose Following Computed Tomography Urography at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Idris%20Garba">Idris Garba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aisha%20Rabiu%20Abdullahi"> Aisha Rabiu Abdullahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mansur%20Yahuza"> Mansur Yahuza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akintade%20Dare"> Akintade Dare</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: CT urography (CTU) is efficient radiological examination for the evaluation of the urinary system disorders. However, patients are exposed to a significant radiation dose which is in a way associated with increased cancer risks. Objectives: To determine Computed Tomography Dose Index following CTU, and to evaluate organs equivalent doses. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried at a tertiary institution located in Kano northwestern. Ethical clearance was sought and obtained from the research ethics board of the institution. Demographic, scan parameters and CT radiation dose data were obtained from patients that had CTU procedure. Effective dose, organ equivalent doses, and cancer risks were estimated using SPSS statistical software version 16 and CT dose calculator software. Result: A total of 56 patients were included in the study, consisting of 29 males and 27 females. The common indication for CTU examination was found to be renal cyst seen commonly among young adults (15-44yrs). CT radiation dose values in DLP, CTDI and effective dose for CTU were 2320 mGy cm, CTDIw 9.67 mGy and 35.04 mSv respectively. The probability of cancer risks was estimated to be 600 per a million CTU examinations. Conclusion: In this study, the radiation dose for CTU is considered significantly high, with increase in cancer risks probability. Wide radiation dose variations between patient doses suggest that optimization is not fulfilled yet. Patient radiation dose estimate should be taken into consideration when imaging protocols are established for CT urography. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CT%20urography" title="CT urography">CT urography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20risks" title=" cancer risks"> cancer risks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20dose" title=" effective dose"> effective dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20exposure" title=" radiation exposure"> radiation exposure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61467/estimation-of-effective-radiation-dose-following-computed-tomography-urography-at-aminu-kano-teaching-hospital-kano-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61467.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">171</span> Genetic Diversity of Cord Blood of the National Center of Blood Transfusion, Mexico (NCBT)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Manuel%20Bello-L%C3%B3pez">J. Manuel Bello-López</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julieta%20Rojo-Medina"> Julieta Rojo-Medina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The transplant of Umbilical Cord Blood Units (UCBU) are a therapeutic possibility for patients with oncohaematological disorders, especially in children. In Mexico, 48.5% of oncological diseases in children 1-4 years old are leukemias; whereas in patients 5-14 and 15-24 years old, lymphomas and leukemias represent the second and third cause of death in these groups respectively. Therefore it is necessary to have more registries of UCBU in order to ensure genetic diversity in the country; the above because the search for appropriate a UCBU is increasingly difficult for patients of mixed ethnicity. Objective: To estimate the genetic diversity (polymorphisms) of Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) Class I (A, B) and Class II (DRB1) in UCBU cryopreserved for transplant at Cord Blood Bank of the NCBT. Material and Methods: HLA typing of 533 UCBU for transplant was performed from 2003-2012 at the Histocompatibility Laboratory from the Research Department (evaluated by Los Angeles Ca. Immunogenetics Center) of the NCBT. Class I HLA-A, HLA-B and Class II HLA-DRB1 typing was performed using medium resolution Sequence-Specific Primer (SSP). In cases of an ambiguity detected by SSP; Sequence-Specific Oligonucleotide (SSO) method was carried out. A strict analysis of populations genetic parameters were done in 5 representative UCBU populations. Results: 46.5% of UCBU were collected from Mexico City, State of Mexico (30.95%), Puebla (8.06%), Morelos (6.37%) and Veracruz (3.37%). The remaining UCBU (4.75%) are represented by other states. The identified genotypes correspond to Amerindian origins (HLA-A*02, 31; HLA-B*39, 15, 48), Caucasian (HLA-A*02, 68, 01, 30, 31; HLA-B*35, 15, 40, 44, 07 y HLA-DRB1*04, 08, 07, 15, 03, 14), Oriental (HLA-A*02, 30, 01, 31; HLA-B* 35, 39, 15, 40, 44, 07,48 y HLA-DRB1*04, 07,15, 03) and African (HLA-A*30 y HLA-DRB1*03). The genetic distances obtained by Cavalli-Sforza analysis of the five states showed significant genetic differences by comparing genetic frequencies. The shortest genetic distance exists between Mexico City and the state of Puebla (0.0039) and the largest between Veracruz and Morelos (0.0084). In order to identify significant differences between this states, the ANOVA test was performed. This demonstrates that UCBU is significantly different according to their origin (P <0.05). This is shown by the divergence between arms at the Dendogram of Neighbor-Joining. Conclusions: The NCBT provides UCBU in patients with oncohaematological disorders in all the country. There is a group of patients for which not compatible UCBU can be find due to the mixed ethnic origin. For example, the population of northern Mexico is mostly Caucasian. Most of the NCBT donors are of various ethnic origins, predominantly Amerindians and Caucasians; although some ethnic minorities like Oriental, African and pure Indian ethnics are not represented. The NCBT is, therefore, establishing agreements with different states of Mexico to promote the altruistic donation of Umbilical Cord Blood in order to enrich the genetic diversity in its files. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cord%20blood" title="cord blood">cord blood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20diversity" title=" genetic diversity"> genetic diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20leucocyte%20antigen" title=" human leucocyte antigen"> human leucocyte antigen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transplant" title=" transplant"> transplant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54296/genetic-diversity-of-cord-blood-of-the-national-center-of-blood-transfusion-mexico-ncbt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54296.pdf" 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