CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Gloucestershire - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"4071aad7-5b23-49b9-a716-30359f5a6140","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Gloucestershire","wgTitle":"Gloucestershire","wgCurRevisionId":1259894356,"wgRevisionId":1259894356,"wgArticleId":47751,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Pages using the Phonos extension","Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use British English from August 2011","Use dmy dates from May 2022","Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images","Coordinates on Wikidata","Pages including recorded pronunciations","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Gloucestershire","Non-metropolitan counties", "Counties in South West England","Counties of England established in antiquity"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Gloucestershire","wgRelevantArticleId":47751,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":51.833333333333336,"lon":-2.1666666666666665},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true, "wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q23165","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.icons":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready", "wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.phonos.init","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.phonos.icons%2Cstyles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Arlington_Row_Bibury.jpg/1200px-Arlington_Row_Bibury.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="751"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Arlington_Row_Bibury.jpg/800px-Arlington_Row_Bibury.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="501"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Arlington_Row_Bibury.jpg/640px-Arlington_Row_Bibury.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="401"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Gloucestershire - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Gloucestershire rootpage-Gloucestershire skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Gloucestershire" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Gloucestershire" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Gloucestershire" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Gloucestershire" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography_and_environment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography_and_environment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography and environment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography_and_environment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Secondary_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Secondary_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Secondary schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Secondary_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Higher_and_further_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Higher_and_further_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Higher and further education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Higher_and_further_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Towns_and_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Towns_and_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Towns and cities</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Towns_and_cities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Towns and cities subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Towns_and_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Towns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Towns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Towns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Towns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Green_belt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Green_belt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Green belt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Green_belt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Railways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Railways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Railways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Railways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Antiquities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antiquities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Antiquities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antiquities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Places_of_interest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Places_of_interest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Places of interest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Places_of_interest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Animals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Animals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Animals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Animals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gloucestershire</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 77 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-77" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">77 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleawcestersc%C4%ABr" title="Gleawcesterscīr – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Gleawcesterscīr" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="غلوسترشير – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غلوسترشير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%88%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Глостэршыр – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Глостэршыр" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%88%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Глостэршыр – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Глостэршыр" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%88%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Глостършър – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Глостършър" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swydd_Gaerloyw" title="Swydd Gaerloyw – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Swydd Gaerloyw" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%B1" title="گلاسترشر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گلاسترشر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%80%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4%ED%84%B0%EC%85%94%EC%A3%BC" title="글로스터셔주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="글로스터셔주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B7%D5%AB%D6%80" title="Գլոստերշիր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գլոստերշիր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="ग्लॉस्टर्शायर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ग्लॉस्टर्शायर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Глостершир – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Глостершир" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A8" title="גלוסטרשייר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גלוסטרשייר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glocestriensis_comitatus" title="Glocestriensis comitatus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Glocestriensis comitatus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloster%C5%A1%C4%ABra" title="Glosteršīra – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Glosteršīra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloster%C5%A1yras" title="Glosteršyras – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Glosteršyras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="ग्लॉस्टरशायर – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ग्लॉस्टरशायर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC" title="グロスタシャー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グロスタシャー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1" title="گلوسسٹرشائر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گلوسسٹرشائر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Глостершир – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Глостершир" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Глостершир – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Глостершир" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="กลอสเตอร์เชอร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กลอสเตอร์เชอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Глоукестершир – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Глоукестершир" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Глостершир – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Глостершир" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1" title="گلوسٹرشائر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گلوسٹرشائر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Gloucestershire" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" title="格洛斯特郡 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="格洛斯特郡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%A8" title="גלאסטערשיר – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="גלאסטערשיר" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%91%8A%E7%BE%85%E5%A3%AB%E6%89%93%E9%83%A1" title="告羅士打郡 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="告羅士打郡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" title="格洛斯特郡 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="格洛斯特郡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q23165#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Gloucestershire" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Gloucestershire" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Gloucestershire" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&oldid=1259894356" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Gloucestershire&id=1259894356&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FGloucestershire"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FGloucestershire"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Gloucestershire&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Gloucestershire" hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q23165" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Gloucestershire&params=51_50_N_2_10_W_region:GB_type:adm2nd"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°50′N</span> <span class="longitude">2°10′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.833°N 2.167°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.833; -2.167</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">County of England</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the English county. For the Australian shire, see <a href="/wiki/Gloucester_Shire" title="Gloucester Shire">Gloucester Shire</a>. For the pre-1832 constituency, see <a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Gloucestershire (UK Parliament constituency)">Gloucestershire (UK Parliament constituency)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"County of Gloucester" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Gloucester_County_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Gloucester County (disambiguation)">Gloucester County (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Non-metropolitan and ceremonial county in England</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Gloucestershire</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Non-metropolitan_county" title="Non-metropolitan county">Non-metropolitan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">ceremonial county</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:262px;max-width:262px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:81px;max-width:81px"><div style="height:109px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gloucester_Cathedral_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4144766_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Gloucester_Cathedral_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4144766_%28cropped%29.jpg/79px-Gloucester_Cathedral_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4144766_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Gloucester_Cathedral_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4144766_%28cropped%29.jpg/119px-Gloucester_Cathedral_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4144766_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Gloucester_Cathedral_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4144766_%28cropped%29.jpg/158px-Gloucester_Cathedral_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4144766_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3257" data-file-height="4489" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:177px;max-width:177px"><div style="height:109px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arlington_Row_Bibury.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Arlington_Row_Bibury.jpg/175px-Arlington_Row_Bibury.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Arlington_Row_Bibury.jpg/263px-Arlington_Row_Bibury.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Arlington_Row_Bibury.jpg/350px-Arlington_Row_Bibury.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4113" data-file-height="2575" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:260px;max-width:260px"><div style="height:137px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Second_Severn_Crossing_-_panoramio_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/The_Second_Severn_Crossing_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/258px-The_Second_Severn_Crossing_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="258" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/The_Second_Severn_Crossing_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/387px-The_Second_Severn_Crossing_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/The_Second_Severn_Crossing_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/516px-The_Second_Severn_Crossing_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="1912" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption"><a href="/wiki/Gloucester_Cathedral" title="Gloucester Cathedral">Gloucester Cathedral</a>, the village of <a href="/wiki/Bibury" title="Bibury">Bibury</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Cotswolds" title="Cotswolds">Cotswolds</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Second_Severn_Crossing" title="Second Severn Crossing">Second Severn Crossing</a> in South Gloucestershire</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gloucestershire_UK_locator_map_2010.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gloucestershire within England"><img alt="Gloucestershire within England" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Gloucestershire_UK_locator_map_2010.svg/200px-Gloucestershire_UK_locator_map_2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Gloucestershire_UK_locator_map_2010.svg/300px-Gloucestershire_UK_locator_map_2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Gloucestershire_UK_locator_map_2010.svg/400px-Gloucestershire_UK_locator_map_2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1108" data-file-height="1345" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Gloucestershire&params=51_50_N_2_10_W_region:GB_type:adm2nd"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°50′N</span> <span class="longitude">2°10′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.833°N 2.167°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.833; -2.167</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Constituent country</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_England" title="Regions of England">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/South_West_England" title="South West England">South West</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Historic_counties_of_England" title="Historic counties of England">Ancient</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Time in the United Kingdom">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B0" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+0">UTC+0</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time" title="Greenwich Mean Time">GMT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_Summer_Time" title="British Summer Time">BST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">UK Parliament</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_Gloucestershire" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in Gloucestershire">List of MPs</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Police</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_Constabulary" title="Gloucestershire Constabulary">Gloucestershire Constabulary</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #cddeff; font-weight: bold;"><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Gloucestershire" title="Lord Lieutenant of Gloucestershire">Lord Lieutenant</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Edward Gillespie</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Gloucestershire" title="High Sheriff of Gloucestershire">High Sheriff</a></th><td class="infobox-data">H C W Robinson (2023-2024)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">3,150 km<sup>2</sup> (1,220 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ceremonial_counties_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ceremonial counties of England">16th of 48</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population<span class="nowrap"> </span><div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2022)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">947,174</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ceremonial_counties_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ceremonial counties of England">24th of 48</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Density</th><td class="infobox-data">301/km<sup>2</sup> (780/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ethnicity<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">91.6% White British</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #cddeff; font-weight: bold;"><a href="/wiki/Non-metropolitan_county" title="Non-metropolitan county">Non-metropolitan county</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">County council</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_County_Council" title="Gloucestershire County Council">Gloucestershire County Council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Political_make-up_of_local_councils_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Political make-up of local councils in the United Kingdom">Control</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Admin HQ</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gloucester" title="Gloucester">Gloucester</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">2,653 km<sup>2</sup> (1,024 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_two-tier_counties_of_England" title="List of two-tier counties of England">10th of 21</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population<span class="nowrap"> </span><div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2022)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">652,409</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_two-tier_counties_of_England" title="List of two-tier counties of England">18th of 21</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Density</th><td class="infobox-data">246/km<sup>2</sup> (640/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:GB" title="ISO 3166-2:GB">ISO 3166-2</a></th><td class="infobox-data">GB-GLS</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/GSS_coding_system" title="GSS coding system">GSS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">E10000013</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Territorial_Level" title="International Territorial Level">ITL</a></th><td class="infobox-data">UKK13</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gloucestershire.gov.uk">gloucestershire<wbr />.gov<wbr />.uk</a></span></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #cddeff; font-weight: bold;"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_authorities_of_England" title="Unitary authorities of England">Unitary authorities</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Councils</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/South_Gloucestershire_Council" title="South Gloucestershire Council">South Gloucestershire Council</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #cddeff; font-weight: bold;">Districts</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gloucestershire_numbered_districts.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gloucestershire_numbered_districts.svg/200px-Gloucestershire_numbered_districts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gloucestershire_numbered_districts.svg/300px-Gloucestershire_numbered_districts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gloucestershire_numbered_districts.svg/400px-Gloucestershire_numbered_districts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1089" data-file-height="1266" /></a></span><br />Districts of Gloucestershire<br /><span style="display:inline-block;border:1.62px solid black;vertical-align:text-top;" title="#fefe77"><span class="mw-no-invert" style="display:block;padding:0;width:1em;height:1em;background:#FEFE77;color:inherit;"> </span></span> Unitary <span style="display:inline-block;border:1.62px solid black;vertical-align:text-top;" title="#fec1e9"><span class="mw-no-invert" style="display:block;padding:0;width:1em;height:1em;background:#FEC1E9;color:inherit;"> </span></span> County council area </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_England" title="Districts of England">Districts</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Tewkesbury_Borough" class="mw-redirect" title="Tewkesbury Borough">Tewkesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Dean_District" title="Forest of Dean District">Forest of Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucester" title="Gloucester">Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheltenham" title="Cheltenham">Cheltenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stroud_District" title="Stroud District">Stroud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotswold_District" title="Cotswold District">Cotswold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Gloucestershire" title="South Gloucestershire">South Gloucestershire</a></li></ol> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Gloucestershire</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ər/: 'er' in 'letter'">ər</span><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span><span title="/ər/: 'er' in 'letter'">ər</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/f\/f7\/En-gloucestershire.ogg\/En-gloucestershire.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-gloucestershire.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/En-gloucestershire.ogg/En-gloucestershire.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:En-gloucestershire.ogg" title="File:En-gloucestershire.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">GLOST</span>-ər-shər</i></a>, <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span><span title="/ɪər/: 'ear' in 'near'">ɪər</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">-⁠sheer</i></a>; abbreviated <b>Glos.</b>)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">ceremonial county</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_West_England" title="South West England">South West England</a>. It is bordered by <a href="/wiki/Herefordshire" title="Herefordshire">Herefordshire</a> to the north-west, <a href="/wiki/Worcestershire" title="Worcestershire">Worcestershire</a> to the north, <a href="/wiki/Warwickshire" title="Warwickshire">Warwickshire</a> to the north-east, <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a> to the east, <a href="/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a> to the south, <a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a> and <a href="/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset">Somerset</a> to the south-west, and the <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Welsh</a> county of <a href="/wiki/Monmouthshire" title="Monmouthshire">Monmouthshire</a> to the west. The city of <a href="/wiki/Gloucester" title="Gloucester">Gloucester</a> is the largest settlement and the <a href="/wiki/County_town" title="County town">county town</a>. </p><p>The county is predominantly rural, with an area of 3,150 square kilometres (1,220 sq mi) and a population of 916,212. After Gloucester (118,555) the largest distinct settlements are <a href="/wiki/Cheltenham" title="Cheltenham">Cheltenham</a> (115,940), <a href="/wiki/Stroud" title="Stroud">Stroud</a> (26,080), and <a href="/wiki/Yate" title="Yate">Yate</a> (28,350).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the south of the county, the areas around <a href="/wiki/Filton" title="Filton">Filton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingswood,_South_Gloucestershire" title="Kingswood, South Gloucestershire">Kingswood</a> are densely populated and part of <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Built-up_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Bristol Built-up Area">Bristol built-up area</a>. For <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_England" title="Local government in England">local government</a> purposes Gloucestershire comprises a <a href="/wiki/Non-metropolitan_county" title="Non-metropolitan county">non-metropolitan county</a>, with six districts, and the <a href="/wiki/Unitary_authorities_of_England" title="Unitary authorities of England">unitary authority</a> area of <a href="/wiki/South_Gloucestershire" title="South Gloucestershire">South Gloucestershire</a>. <a href="/wiki/South_Gloucestershire_Council" title="South Gloucestershire Council">South Gloucestershire Council</a> is a member of the <a href="/wiki/West_of_England_Combined_Authority" title="West of England Combined Authority">West of England Combined Authority</a>. </p><p>Gloucestershire is bisected by the river <a href="/wiki/River_Severn" title="River Severn">River Severn</a>, which enters the county near <a href="/wiki/Tewkesbury" title="Tewkesbury">Tewkesbury</a> and forms a wide valley down its centre before broadening into a <a href="/wiki/Severn_Estuary" title="Severn Estuary">large tidal estuary</a>. The hills to the east form the majority of the <a href="/wiki/Cotswolds" title="Cotswolds">Cotswolds</a> <a href="/wiki/Area_of_Outstanding_Natural_Beauty" title="Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty">AONB</a>, and the uplands to the west are part of the <a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Dean" title="Forest of Dean">Forest of Dean</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wye_Valley" title="Wye Valley">Wye Valley</a> <a href="/wiki/Area_of_Outstanding_Natural_Beauty" title="Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty">AONB</a>, which stretches into Wales. </p><p>Gloucestershire was likely established in the tenth century, and expanded to approximately its current borders in the eleventh. The county was relatively settled during the late Middle Ages, and contained several wealthy monasteries such as <a href="/wiki/Tewkesbury_Abbey" title="Tewkesbury Abbey">Tewkesbury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gloucester_Cathedral" title="Gloucester Cathedral">Gloucester</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hailes_Abbey" title="Hailes Abbey">Hailes</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cirencester_Abbey" title="Cirencester Abbey">Cirencester</a>; the Forest of Dean was also a major iron-producing region in this period. The city of Bristol became an independent county in 1373, by which point it was the third-largest city in England. Gloucestershire was not heavily industrialised during the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a>, but the Port of Gloucester was expanded with new <a href="/wiki/Gloucester_Docks" title="Gloucester Docks">docks</a> and the small <a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Dean_Coalfield" title="Forest of Dean Coalfield">Forest of Dean coalfield</a> was exploited. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Gloucestershire" title="History of Gloucestershire">History of Gloucestershire</a></div><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Glocestria_Atlas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Glocestria_Atlas.jpg/220px-Glocestria_Atlas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Glocestria_Atlas.jpg/330px-Glocestria_Atlas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Glocestria_Atlas.jpg/440px-Glocestria_Atlas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8969" data-file-height="7013" /></a><figcaption>Hand-drawn map of Gloucestershire by Christopher Saxton in 1579</figcaption></figure><p>Gloucestershire is a historic county mentioned in the <i><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_Chronicle" title="Anglo-Saxon Chronicle">Anglo-Saxon Chronicle</a></i> in the 10th century, though the areas of <a href="/wiki/Winchcombe" title="Winchcombe">Winchcombe</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Dean" title="Forest of Dean">Forest of Dean</a> were not added until the late 11th century.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gloucestershire originally included Bristol, then a small town. Members of local rural communities moved to the port city (as Bristol was to become), and Bristol's population growth accelerated during the industrial revolution. Bristol became a county in its own right, separate from Gloucestershire and Somerset, in 1373.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It later became part of the administrative <a href="/wiki/County_of_Avon" class="mw-redirect" title="County of Avon">County of Avon</a> from 1974 to 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some northern parts of the county, including <a href="/wiki/Long_Marston,_Warwickshire" title="Long Marston, Warwickshire">Long Marston</a> and <a href="/wiki/Welford-on-Avon" title="Welford-on-Avon">Welford-on-Avon</a>, were transferred to Warwickshire in 1931. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Severn_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Severn_Cross.svg/220px-Severn_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Severn_Cross.svg/330px-Severn_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Severn_Cross.svg/440px-Severn_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>The flag of the historic county of Gloucestershire</figcaption></figure> <p>Upon the abolition of Avon in 1996, the region north of Bristol became a <a href="/wiki/Unitary_authority" title="Unitary authority">unitary authority</a> area of <a href="/wiki/South_Gloucestershire" title="South Gloucestershire">South Gloucestershire</a> and is now part of the <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_county" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceremonial county">ceremonial county</a> of Gloucestershire.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/2007_United_Kingdom_floods" title="2007 United Kingdom floods">July 2007, Gloucestershire was subject to some of the worst flooding</a> in recorded British history, with tens of thousands of residents affected. The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">RAF</a> conducted the largest peacetime domestic operation in its history to rescue over 120 residents from flood-affected areas. The damage was estimated at over £2 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography_and_environment">Geography and environment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography and environment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gloucestershire has three main landscape areas, a large part of the Cotswolds, the Royal Forest of Dean and the Severn Vale. The Cotswolds take up a large portion of the east and south of the county, The Forest of Dean taking up the west, with the Severn and its valley running between these features. The Daffodil Way in the <a href="/wiki/River_Leadon" title="River Leadon">Leadon</a> Valley, on the border of Gloucestershire and Herefordshire surrounding the village of <a href="/wiki/Dymock" title="Dymock">Dymock</a>, is known for its many spring flowers, orchards, and woodland, which attracts many walkers. In the west, the <a href="/wiki/Wye_valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Wye valley">Wye valley</a> borders Wales. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gloucestershire is a ceremonial county in South West England. <a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_County_Council" title="Gloucestershire County Council">Gloucestershire County Council</a>'s 53 seats are majority-controlled by the Conservatives, though the Liberal Democrats have a sizeable presence on the council.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Council Leader is Mark Hawthorne. The County Council shares responsibility with six district councils: Tewkesbury, Forest of Dean, City of Gloucester, Cheltenham, Stroud and Cotswold. </p><p>The southernmost part of the county, South Gloucestershire is governed by <a href="/wiki/South_Gloucestershire_Council" title="South Gloucestershire Council">South Gloucestershire Council</a>, which is a <a href="/wiki/Unitary_authority" title="Unitary authority">unitary authority</a> council independent of the county council but the unitary authority is still part of the ceremonial county. Previously, the area of South Gloucestershire was part of the county of Avon. Although Avon was abolished in 1996, some services in South Gloucestershire are still provided in conjunction with other former parts of Avon county, such as the <a href="/wiki/Avon_Fire_and_Rescue_Service" title="Avon Fire and Rescue Service">Avon Fire and Rescue Service</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 2017, South Gloucestershire has been part of the <a href="/wiki/West_of_England_Combined_Authority" title="West of England Combined Authority">West of England Combined Authority</a>, which is under the directly elected mayor <a href="/wiki/Dan_Norris" title="Dan Norris">Dan Norris</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc-20160316_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-20160316-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are six <a href="/wiki/List_of_parliamentary_constituencies_in_Gloucestershire" title="List of parliamentary constituencies in Gloucestershire">parliamentary constituencies in Gloucestershire</a>, all of which are Conservative controlled as of the <a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019 general election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the <a href="/wiki/2023_Periodic_Review_of_Westminster_constituencies" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies">2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies</a>, Gloucestershire will be combined with Wiltshire for parliamentary boundary purposes, allowing cross-county electoral divisions.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This is a chart of trend of regional <a href="/wiki/Gross_value_added" title="Gross value added">gross value added</a> of Gloucestershire at current basic prices <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110728091019/http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_economy/RegionalGVA.pdf">published</a> (pp. 240–253) by <i>Office for National Statistics</i> with figures in millions of Pounds Sterling. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Regional Gross Value Added<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>Agriculture<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>Industry<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>Services<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td>1995</td> <td><b>5,771</b></td> <td>196</td> <td>1,877</td> <td>3,698 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td><b>8,163</b></td> <td>148</td> <td>2,677</td> <td>5,338 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003</td> <td><b>10,617</b></td> <td>166</td> <td>2,933</td> <td>7,517 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The following is a chart of Gloucestershire's <a href="/wiki/Gross_value_added" title="Gross value added">gross value added</a> total in millions of Pounds Sterling from 1997 to 2009 based upon the <a href="/wiki/Office_for_National_Statistics" title="Office for National Statistics">Office for National Statistics</a> figures<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>GVA (£ million) </th></tr> <tr> <td>1997</td> <td><b>7,167</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998</td> <td><b>7,630</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999</td> <td><b>8,034</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td><b>8,414</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001</td> <td><b>8,947</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002</td> <td><b>9,504</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003</td> <td><b>10,117</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004</td> <td><b>10,525</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005</td> <td><b>10,680</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006</td> <td><b>11,073</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007</td> <td><b>11,563</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008</td> <td><b>11,666</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009</td> <td><b>11,452</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The 2009 estimation of £11,452 million GVA can be compared to the South West regional average of £7,927 million. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secondary_schools">Secondary schools</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Secondary schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Gloucestershire" title="List of schools in Gloucestershire">List of schools in Gloucestershire</a></div> <p>Gloucestershire has mainly comprehensive schools with seven selective <a href="/wiki/Grammar_school" title="Grammar school">grammar schools</a>; two are in Stroud, <a href="/wiki/Stroud_High_School" title="Stroud High School">Stroud High School</a> for girls and <a href="/wiki/Marling_School" title="Marling School">Marling School</a> for boys, one in Cheltenham, <a href="/wiki/Pate%27s_Grammar_School" title="Pate's Grammar School">Pate's Grammar</a>, and four in Gloucester, <a href="/wiki/Sir_Thomas_Rich%27s_School" title="Sir Thomas Rich's School">Sir Thomas Rich's</a> for boys (aged 11–18) and girls (aged 16–18, in the sixth form), and <a href="/wiki/Denmark_Road_High_School" title="Denmark Road High School">Denmark Road High School</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ribston_Hall_High_School" title="Ribston Hall High School">Ribston Hall</a> for girls and <a href="/wiki/The_Crypt_School" title="The Crypt School">The Crypt</a> which is mixed. There are 42 state secondary schools, not including <a href="/wiki/Sixth_form_college" title="Sixth form college">sixth form colleges</a>, and 12 independent schools, including <a href="/wiki/Cheltenham_Ladies%27_College" title="Cheltenham Ladies' College">Cheltenham Ladies' College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cheltenham_College" title="Cheltenham College">Cheltenham College</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dean_Close_School" title="Dean Close School">Dean Close School</a>. All but about two schools in each district have a sixth form, but the Forest of Dean only has two schools with sixth forms. All schools in South Gloucestershire have sixth forms. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Higher_and_further_education">Higher and further education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Higher and further education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oxstalls.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Oxstalls.JPG/220px-Oxstalls.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Oxstalls.JPG/330px-Oxstalls.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Oxstalls.JPG/440px-Oxstalls.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>A campus of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Gloucestershire" title="University of Gloucestershire">University of Gloucestershire</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Gloucestershire has two universities, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Gloucestershire" title="University of Gloucestershire">University of Gloucestershire</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Agricultural_University" title="Royal Agricultural University">Royal Agricultural University</a>, and four higher and further education colleges, <a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_College" title="Gloucestershire College">Gloucestershire College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cirencester_College" title="Cirencester College">Cirencester College</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Gloucestershire_and_Stroud_College" title="South Gloucestershire and Stroud College">South Gloucestershire and Stroud College</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Forest_of_Dean_College" title="Royal Forest of Dean College">Royal Forest of Dean College</a>. Each has campuses at multiple locations throughout the county. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_West_of_England" title="University of the West of England">University of the West of England</a> also has three locations in Gloucestershire; an associate faculty (<a href="/wiki/Hartpury_College" title="Hartpury College">Hartpury College</a>) specialising in animal behaviour and welfare, agricultural and sports-related courses in <a href="/wiki/Hartpury,_Gloucestershire" class="mw-redirect" title="Hartpury, Gloucestershire">Hartpury, Gloucestershire</a>; a regional centre at the <a href="/wiki/Gloucester_Docks" title="Gloucester Docks">Gloucester Docks</a>, Alexandra Warehouse, specialising in Adult and Mental Health Nursing; and <a href="/wiki/Frenchay" title="Frenchay">Frenchay Campus</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Gloucestershire" title="South Gloucestershire">South Gloucestershire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Towns_and_cities">Towns and cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Towns and cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Gloucestershire" title="List of places in Gloucestershire">List of places in Gloucestershire</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_settlements_in_Gloucestershire_by_population" title="List of settlements in Gloucestershire by population">List of settlements in Gloucestershire by population</a></div> <p>Gloucestershire has one city and 33 towns: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cities">Cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gloucester" title="Gloucester">Gloucester</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Towns">Towns</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Towns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The towns in Gloucestershire are: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 10em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berkeley,_Gloucestershire" title="Berkeley, Gloucestershire">Berkeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradley_Stoke" title="Bradley Stoke">Bradley Stoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheltenham" title="Cheltenham">Cheltenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipping_Campden" title="Chipping Campden">Chipping Campden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipping_Sodbury" title="Chipping Sodbury">Chipping Sodbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinderford" title="Cinderford">Cinderford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cirencester" title="Cirencester">Cirencester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coleford,_Gloucestershire" title="Coleford, Gloucestershire">Coleford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dursley" title="Dursley">Dursley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emersons_Green" title="Emersons Green">Emersons Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairford" title="Fairford">Fairford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filton" title="Filton">Filton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingswood,_South_Gloucestershire" title="Kingswood, South Gloucestershire">Kingswood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lechlade" title="Lechlade">Lechlade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydney" title="Lydney">Lydney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minchinhampton" title="Minchinhampton">Minchinhampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitcheldean" title="Mitcheldean">Mitcheldean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moreton-in-Marsh" title="Moreton-in-Marsh">Moreton-in-Marsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nailsworth" title="Nailsworth">Nailsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newent" title="Newent">Newent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northleach" title="Northleach">Northleach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painswick" title="Painswick">Painswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patchway" title="Patchway">Patchway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quedgeley" title="Quedgeley">Quedgeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonehouse,_Gloucestershire" title="Stonehouse, Gloucestershire">Stonehouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stow-on-the-Wold" title="Stow-on-the-Wold">Stow-on-the-Wold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stroud" title="Stroud">Stroud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetbury" title="Tetbury">Tetbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tewkesbury" title="Tewkesbury">Tewkesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thornbury,_South_Gloucestershire" class="mw-redirect" title="Thornbury, South Gloucestershire">Thornbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchcombe" title="Winchcombe">Winchcombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wotton-under-Edge" title="Wotton-under-Edge">Wotton-under-Edge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yate" title="Yate">Yate</a></li></ul> </div> <p>Suburban town of <a href="/wiki/Stroud,_Gloucestershire" class="mw-redirect" title="Stroud, Gloucestershire">Stroud</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cainscross" title="Cainscross">Cainscross</a></li></ul> <p>Town in <a href="/wiki/Monmouthshire" title="Monmouthshire">Monmouthshire</a> with suburbs in Gloucestershire: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chepstow" title="Chepstow">Chepstow</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Green_belt">Green belt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Green belt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Avon_Green_Belt" title="Avon Green Belt">Avon Green Belt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gloucester_and_Cheltenham_Green_Belt" title="Gloucester and Cheltenham Green Belt">Gloucester and Cheltenham Green Belt</a></div> <p>The county has two green belt areas, the first covers the southern area in the South Gloucestershire district, to protect outlying villages and towns between Thornbury and Chipping Sodbury from the <a href="/wiki/Urban_sprawl" title="Urban sprawl">urban sprawl</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Built-up_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Bristol Built-up Area">Bristol conurbation</a>. The second belt lies around Gloucester, Cheltenham, and Bishop's Cleeve, to afford those areas and villages in between a protection from urban sprawl and further convergence. Both belts intersect with the boundaries of the Cotswolds <a href="/wiki/AONB" class="mw-redirect" title="AONB">AONB</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Railways">Railways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Railways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gloucestershire once had a much larger railway network than it does now with over 100 stations in the county, the vast majority of which were closed during the <a href="/wiki/Beeching_cuts" title="Beeching cuts">Beeching cuts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nowadays, only 15 remain within the county, mostly concentrated on the <a href="/wiki/CrossCountry_NE-SW_route" class="mw-redirect" title="CrossCountry NE-SW route">CrossCountry NE-SW route</a> and around the <a href="/wiki/North_Fringe_of_Bristol" title="North Fringe of Bristol">North Fringe of Bristol</a>. Some stations have been re-opened in recent years; <a href="/wiki/Cam_and_Dursley_railway_station" title="Cam and Dursley railway station">Cam and Dursley railway station</a> opened in 1994, with <a href="/wiki/Ashchurch_for_Tewkesbury" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashchurch for Tewkesbury">Ashchurch for Tewkesbury</a> opening three years later in 1997. Local campaign groups are also seeking to reopen several disused stations, including <a href="/wiki/Charfield_railway_station" title="Charfield railway station">Charfield railway station</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Gloucestershire" title="South Gloucestershire">South Gloucestershire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Antiquities">Antiquities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Antiquities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are a number of Roman remains scattered across the county, including the Eastgate Viewing Chamber in Gloucester and <a href="/wiki/Chedworth_Roman_Villa" title="Chedworth Roman Villa">Chedworth Roman Villa</a>. </p><p>There are a variety of religious buildings across the county, notably the cathedral of <a href="/wiki/Gloucester_Cathedral" title="Gloucester Cathedral">Gloucester</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tewkesbury_Abbey" title="Tewkesbury Abbey">abbey church</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tewkesbury" title="Tewkesbury">Tewkesbury</a> (which is over 500 years old and has the tallest Norman tower in England),<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the church of <a href="/wiki/Cirencester" title="Cirencester">Cirencester</a>. Of the abbey of <a href="/wiki/Hailes_Abbey" title="Hailes Abbey">Hailes</a> near <a href="/wiki/Winchcombe" title="Winchcombe">Winchcombe</a>, founded by <a href="/wiki/Richard,_Earl_of_Cornwall" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard, Earl of Cornwall">Richard, Earl of Cornwall</a>, in 1246, little more than the foundations are left, but these have been excavated and fragments have been brought to light.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:October_plenty.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/October_plenty.jpg/220px-October_plenty.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/October_plenty.jpg/330px-October_plenty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/October_plenty.jpg/440px-October_plenty.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5003" data-file-height="4243" /></a><figcaption>Parish Church of St. Mary, Fairford</figcaption></figure> <p>Most of the old <a href="/wiki/Market_town" title="Market town">market towns</a> have <a href="/wiki/Parish_church" title="Parish church">parish churches</a>. At <a href="/wiki/Deerhurst" title="Deerhurst">Deerhurst</a> near Tewkesbury and <a href="/wiki/Bishop%27s_Cleeve" title="Bishop's Cleeve">Bishop's Cleeve</a> near <a href="/wiki/Cheltenham" title="Cheltenham">Cheltenham</a>, there are churches of special interest on account of the pre-Norman work they retain. There is also a <a href="/wiki/Perpendicular_Period" class="mw-redirect" title="Perpendicular Period">Perpendicular</a> church in <a href="/wiki/Lechlade" title="Lechlade">Lechlade</a>, and that at <a href="/wiki/Fairford" title="Fairford">Fairford</a> was built (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1500</span>), according to tradition, to contain a series of <a href="/wiki/Stained-glass_windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Stained-glass windows">stained-glass windows</a> which are said to have been brought from the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>. These are, however, adjudged to be of English workmanship.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other notable buildings include <a href="/wiki/Calcot_Manor" title="Calcot Manor">Calcot Barn</a> in Calcot, a relic of <a href="/wiki/Kingswood_Abbey" title="Kingswood Abbey">Kingswood Abbey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Thornbury_Castle" title="Thornbury Castle">Thornbury Castle</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Tudor_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Tudor dynasty">Tudor</a> country house, the pretensions of which evoked the jealousy of <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholicism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal (Catholicism)">Cardinal</a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wolsey" title="Thomas Wolsey">Wolsey</a> against its builder, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Stafford,_3rd_Duke_of_Buckingham" title="Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham">Edward Stafford, duke of Buckingham</a>, who was <a href="/wiki/Decapitation" title="Decapitation">beheaded</a> in 1521. Near Cheltenham is the 15th-century mansion of <a href="/wiki/Southam,_Gloucestershire" title="Southam, Gloucestershire">Southam de la Bere</a>, of timber and stone.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Memorials of the de la Bere family appear in the church at Cleeve. The mansion contains a tiled floor from <a href="/wiki/Hailes_Abbey" title="Hailes Abbey">Hailes Abbey</a>. At Great Badminton is the mansion and vast domain of the Beauforts (formerly of the Botelers and others), on the south-eastern boundary of the county. <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Castle" title="Berkeley Castle">Berkeley Castle</a> at over 800 years old and the ruins of <a href="/wiki/Great_Witcombe_Roman_Villa" title="Great Witcombe Roman Villa">Witcombe Roman Villa</a> at Great Witcombe are also notable heritage features. </p><p>There are several <a href="/wiki/Royal_residence" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal residence">royal residences</a> in Gloucestershire, including <a href="/wiki/Highgrove_House" title="Highgrove House">Highgrove House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gatcombe_Park" title="Gatcombe Park">Gatcombe Park</a>, and (formerly) <a href="/wiki/Nether_Lypiatt_Manor" title="Nether Lypiatt Manor">Nether Lypiatt Manor</a>. </p><p>An annual "<a href="/wiki/Cooper%27s_Hill_Cheese-Rolling_and_Wake" title="Cooper's Hill Cheese-Rolling and Wake">cheese-rolling</a>" event takes place at Cooper's Hill, near <a href="/wiki/Brockworth,_Gloucestershire" class="mw-redirect" title="Brockworth, Gloucestershire">Brockworth</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Cotswold_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="Cotswold Games">Cotswold Games</a> occurred within the county.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Places_of_interest">Places of interest</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Places of interest"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="toccolours" style="float:right; clear:right; margin-left:1em;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b>Key</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AP_Icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/16px-AP_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/24px-AP_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/32px-AP_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_monastic_houses_in_England" title="List of monastic houses in England">Abbey/Priory/Cathedral</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UKAL_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Accessible open space"><img alt="Accessible open space" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/18px-UKAL_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/27px-UKAL_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/36px-UKAL_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="18" data-file-height="11" /></a></span></td> <td>Accessible open space </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Themepark_uk_icon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Themepark_uk_icon.png/15px-Themepark_uk_icon.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Themepark_uk_icon.png 1.5x" data-file-width="22" data-file-height="28" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_amusement_parks_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of amusement parks in the United Kingdom">Amusement/Theme Park</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CL_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/14px-CL_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/21px-CL_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/28px-CL_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_England" title="List of castles in England">Castle</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Country_parks.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Country Park"><img alt="Country Park" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Country_parks.svg/15px-Country_parks.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Country_parks.svg/23px-Country_parks.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Country_parks.svg/30px-Country_parks.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="170" data-file-height="160" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Country_park" title="Country park">Country Park</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EH_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/EH_icon.svg/14px-EH_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/EH_icon.svg/21px-EH_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/EH_icon.svg/28px-EH_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/English_Heritage" title="English Heritage">English Heritage</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Forestry_Commission" title="Forestry Commission">Forestry Commission</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HR_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Heritage railway"><img alt="Heritage railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/HR_icon.svg/16px-HR_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/HR_icon.svg/24px-HR_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/HR_icon.svg/32px-HR_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="13" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_heritage_and_private_railways#England" title="List of British heritage and private railways">Heritage railway</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HH_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Historic house"><img alt="Historic house" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/15px-HH_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/23px-HH_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/30px-HH_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_historic_houses_in_England" class="mw-redirect" title="List of historic houses in England">Historic House</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AP_Icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Places of Worship"><img alt="Places of Worship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/16px-AP_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/24px-AP_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/32px-AP_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Religion in the United Kingdom">Places of Worship</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Museum_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Museum (free)"><img alt="Museum (free)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Museum_icon.svg/13px-Museum_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Museum_icon.svg/20px-Museum_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Museum_icon.svg/26px-Museum_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="13" data-file-height="13" /></a></span><br /><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Museum_icon_(red).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Museum"><img alt="Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Museum_icon_%28red%29.svg/13px-Museum_icon_%28red%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Museum_icon_%28red%29.svg/20px-Museum_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Museum_icon_%28red%29.svg/26px-Museum_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="13" data-file-height="13" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_England" title="List of museums in England">Museum</a> (free/<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FF0000">not free</span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NTE_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="National Trust"><img alt="National Trust" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/NTE_icon.svg/15px-NTE_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/NTE_icon.svg/23px-NTE_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/NTE_icon.svg/30px-NTE_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Trust_for_Places_of_Historic_Interest_or_Natural_Beauty" class="mw-redirect" title="National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty">National Trust</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Drama-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Drama-icon.svg/18px-Drama-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Drama-icon.svg/27px-Drama-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Drama-icon.svg/36px-Drama-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="468" data-file-height="335" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Theater_(structure)" title="Theater (structure)">Theatre</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zoo_icon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Zoo_icon.jpg/20px-Zoo_icon.jpg" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Zoo_icon.jpg/30px-Zoo_icon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Zoo_icon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="38" data-file-height="27" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_zoos_by_country#United_Kingdom" title="List of zoos by country">Zoo</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gloucester_cathedral_west_front.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Gloucester_cathedral_west_front.jpg/220px-Gloucester_cathedral_west_front.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Gloucester_cathedral_west_front.jpg/330px-Gloucester_cathedral_west_front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Gloucester_cathedral_west_front.jpg/440px-Gloucester_cathedral_west_front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="580" /></a><figcaption>Gloucester cathedral west front</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_photo_of_Sudeley_Castle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Aerial_photo_of_Sudeley_Castle.jpg/220px-Aerial_photo_of_Sudeley_Castle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Aerial_photo_of_Sudeley_Castle.jpg/330px-Aerial_photo_of_Sudeley_Castle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Aerial_photo_of_Sudeley_Castle.jpg/440px-Aerial_photo_of_Sudeley_Castle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4384" data-file-height="3288" /></a><figcaption>Aerial photo of Sudeley Castle</figcaption></figure> <p>Places of interest in Gloucestershire include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badminton_House" title="Badminton House">Badminton House</a>, residence of the <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Beaufort" title="Duke of Beaufort">Dukes of Beaufort</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HH_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Historic house"><img alt="Historic house" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/15px-HH_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/23px-HH_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/30px-HH_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Castle" title="Berkeley Castle">Berkeley Castle</a>, an example of a feudal stronghold. <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CL_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/14px-CL_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/21px-CL_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/28px-CL_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverston_Castle" title="Beverston Castle">Beverston Castle</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CL_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/14px-CL_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/21px-CL_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/28px-CL_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chavenage_House" title="Chavenage House">Chavenage House</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HH_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Historic house"><img alt="Historic house" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/15px-HH_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/23px-HH_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/30px-HH_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheltenham_Minster" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheltenham Minster">Cheltenham Minster</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AP_Icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/16px-AP_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/24px-AP_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/32px-AP_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clearwell_Caves" title="Clearwell Caves">Clearwell Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Forest_Railway" title="Dean Forest Railway">Dean Forest Railway</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HR_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Heritage railway"><img alt="Heritage railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/HR_icon.svg/16px-HR_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/HR_icon.svg/24px-HR_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/HR_icon.svg/32px-HR_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="13" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyrham_Park" title="Dyrham Park">Dyrham Park</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HH_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Historic house"><img alt="Historic house" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/15px-HH_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/23px-HH_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/30px-HH_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NTE_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="National Trust"><img alt="National Trust" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/NTE_icon.svg/15px-NTE_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/NTE_icon.svg/23px-NTE_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/NTE_icon.svg/30px-NTE_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Jenner" title="Edward Jenner">Edward Jenner</a>'s House <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HH_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Historic house"><img alt="Historic house" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/15px-HH_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/23px-HH_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/30px-HH_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Museum_icon_(red).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Museum"><img alt="Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Museum_icon_%28red%29.svg/13px-Museum_icon_%28red%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Museum_icon_%28red%29.svg/20px-Museum_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Museum_icon_%28red%29.svg/26px-Museum_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="13" data-file-height="13" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucester_Cathedral" title="Gloucester Cathedral">Gloucester Cathedral</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AP_Icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/16px-AP_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/24px-AP_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/32px-AP_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_Warwickshire_Railway" title="Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway">Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HR_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Heritage railway"><img alt="Heritage railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/HR_icon.svg/16px-HR_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/HR_icon.svg/24px-HR_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/HR_icon.svg/32px-HR_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="13" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hailes_Abbey" title="Hailes Abbey">Hailes Abbey</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AP_Icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/16px-AP_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/24px-AP_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/32px-AP_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EH_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/EH_icon.svg/14px-EH_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/EH_icon.svg/21px-EH_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/EH_icon.svg/28px-EH_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark_Park" title="Newark Park">Newark Park</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HH_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Historic house"><img alt="Historic house" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/15px-HH_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/23px-HH_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/30px-HH_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NTE_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="National Trust"><img alt="National Trust" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/NTE_icon.svg/15px-NTE_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/NTE_icon.svg/23px-NTE_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/NTE_icon.svg/30px-NTE_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owlpen_Manor" title="Owlpen Manor">Owlpen Manor</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HH_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Historic house"><img alt="Historic house" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/15px-HH_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/23px-HH_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/30px-HH_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span></li> <li>Rodborough and Minchinhampton Commons <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UKAL_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Accessible open space"><img alt="Accessible open space" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/18px-UKAL_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/27px-UKAL_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/36px-UKAL_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="18" data-file-height="11" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowshill_Manor" title="Snowshill Manor">Snowshill Manor</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HH_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Historic house"><img alt="Historic house" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/15px-HH_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/23px-HH_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/30px-HH_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NTE_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="National Trust"><img alt="National Trust" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/NTE_icon.svg/15px-NTE_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/NTE_icon.svg/23px-NTE_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/NTE_icon.svg/30px-NTE_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudeley_Castle" title="Sudeley Castle">Sudeley Castle</a>, burial place of Queen <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Parr" title="Catherine Parr">Catherine Parr</a>, 6th wife and consort of King <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII" title="Henry VIII">Henry VIII</a>. <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CL_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/14px-CL_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/21px-CL_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/28px-CL_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanway_House" title="Stanway House">Stanway House</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HH_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Historic house"><img alt="Historic house" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/15px-HH_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/23px-HH_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/30px-HH_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UKAL_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Accessible open space"><img alt="Accessible open space" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/18px-UKAL_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/27px-UKAL_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/36px-UKAL_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="18" data-file-height="11" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodmarton_Manor" title="Rodmarton Manor">Rodmarton Manor</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HH_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Historic house"><img alt="Historic house" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/15px-HH_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/23px-HH_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/30px-HH_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severn_Bore" class="mw-redirect" title="Severn Bore">Severn Bore</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UKAL_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Accessible open space"><img alt="Accessible open space" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/18px-UKAL_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/27px-UKAL_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/36px-UKAL_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="18" data-file-height="11" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._John_the_Baptist,_Cirencester" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of St. John the Baptist, Cirencester">St. John the Baptist Church, Cirencester</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AP_Icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/16px-AP_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/24px-AP_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/32px-AP_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tewkesbury_Abbey" title="Tewkesbury Abbey">Tewkesbury Abbey</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AP_Icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/16px-AP_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/24px-AP_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/AP_Icon.svg/32px-AP_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tewkesbury_Medieval_Festival" title="Tewkesbury Medieval Festival">Tewkesbury Medieval Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyndale_Monument" title="Tyndale Monument">Tyndale Monument</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UKAL_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Accessible open space"><img alt="Accessible open space" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/18px-UKAL_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/27px-UKAL_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/36px-UKAL_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="18" data-file-height="11" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WWT_Slimbridge" title="WWT Slimbridge">Wildfowl and Wetland Trust, Slimbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westbury_Court_Garden" title="Westbury Court Garden">Westbury Court Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westonbirt_Arboretum" title="Westonbirt Arboretum">Westonbirt Arboretum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodchester_Mansion" title="Woodchester Mansion">Woodchester Mansion</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HH_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Historic house"><img alt="Historic house" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/15px-HH_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/23px-HH_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HH_icon.svg/30px-HH_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span></li></ul> <p>Areas of countryside in Gloucestershire include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Dean" title="Forest of Dean">Forest of Dean</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UKAL_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Accessible open space"><img alt="Accessible open space" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/18px-UKAL_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/27px-UKAL_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/36px-UKAL_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="18" data-file-height="11" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wye_Valley" title="Wye Valley">Wye Valley</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UKAL_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Accessible open space"><img alt="Accessible open space" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/18px-UKAL_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/27px-UKAL_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/UKAL_icon.svg/36px-UKAL_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="18" data-file-height="11" /></a></span></li></ul> <p>Scenic Railway Line: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gloucester_to_Newport_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Gloucester to Newport Line">Gloucester to Newport Line</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gloucestershire's only daily newspaper is the <a href="/wiki/Western_Daily_Press" title="Western Daily Press">Western Daily Press</a>, while <a href="/wiki/The_Citizen_(Gloucester)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Citizen (Gloucester)">The Citizen</a>, which covers Gloucester, Stroud and the Forest of Dean, and the <i><a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_Echo" class="mw-redirect" title="Gloucestershire Echo">Gloucestershire Echo</a></i>, which covers Cheltenham, Tewkesbury and the Cotswolds, were published daily but since October 2017 have been weekly publications. All three, along with free weeklies <i>The Forester</i>, <i>Stroud Life</i>, <i>The Gloucester News</i> and <i>The Cheltenham and Tewkesbury News</i>, are published by <a href="/wiki/Local_World" title="Local World">Local World</a>. The <i><a href="/wiki/Stroud_News_%26_Journal" title="Stroud News & Journal">Stroud News & Journal</a></i> is a weekly paid-for newspaper based in Stroud. It is published in a tabloid format by <a href="/wiki/Newsquest" title="Newsquest">Newsquest</a>. Newsquest also produces the weekly <i>Wilts and Gloucestershire Standard</i> newspaper, which covers the southern and eastern parts of the county as well as the weekly <i>Gloucestershire Gazette</i>, which covers the south of the county and much of South Gloucestershire.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Gloucester News Centre</i> is an independent news website with news and information for Gloucestershire.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Radio stations in Gloucestershire include <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_Gloucestershire" title="BBC Radio Gloucestershire">BBC Radio Gloucestershire</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_Bristol" title="BBC Radio Bristol">BBC Radio Bristol</a> (for <a href="/wiki/South_Gloucestershire" title="South Gloucestershire">South Gloucestershire</a>), <a href="/wiki/Heart_West" title="Heart West">Heart West</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_855" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunshine 855">Sunshine Radio</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Breeze_(Cheltenham_%26_North_Gloucestershire)" title="The Breeze (Cheltenham & North Gloucestershire)">Greatest Hits Radio Gloucestershire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are also several <a href="/wiki/Community_radio" title="Community radio">community radio</a> stations including <a href="/wiki/Gloucester_FM" title="Gloucester FM">Gloucester FM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radio_Winchcombe" title="Radio Winchcombe">Radio Winchcombe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Dean_Radio" title="Forest of Dean Radio">Forest of Dean Radio</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Cotswold_Community_Radio" title="North Cotswold Community Radio">North Cotswold Community Radio</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Severn_FM" title="Severn FM">Severn FM</a>. </p><p>Local TV for the county is provided by <a href="/wiki/BBC_West" title="BBC West">BBC West</a> and <a href="/wiki/ITV_West_Country" title="ITV West Country">ITV West Country</a> from Bristol, although in the northern extremes of Gloucestershire, <a href="/wiki/BBC_West_Midlands" title="BBC West Midlands">BBC Midlands</a> and <a href="/wiki/ITV_Central" title="ITV Central">ITV Central</a> (West) from Birmingham covers this area.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some eastern parts of the county (Cirencester and parts of the Cotswolds) receive <a href="/wiki/BBC_South" title="BBC South">BBC South</a> and <a href="/wiki/ITV_Meridian" title="ITV Meridian">ITV Meridian</a> from Oxford. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:South_cloister_of_Gloucester_Cathedral.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/South_cloister_of_Gloucester_Cathedral.jpg/220px-South_cloister_of_Gloucester_Cathedral.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/South_cloister_of_Gloucester_Cathedral.jpg/330px-South_cloister_of_Gloucester_Cathedral.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/South_cloister_of_Gloucester_Cathedral.jpg/440px-South_cloister_of_Gloucester_Cathedral.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>The south cloister of <a href="/wiki/Gloucester_Cathedral" title="Gloucester Cathedral">Gloucester Cathedral</a> was used for filming scenes in the <a href="/wiki/Harry_Potter_(film_series)" title="Harry Potter (film series)">Harry Potter</a> films.</figcaption></figure> <p>There are two well-known accounts of childhood in rural Gloucestershire in the early 20th century, <a href="/wiki/Laurie_Lee" title="Laurie Lee">Laurie Lee</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Cider_With_Rosie" class="mw-redirect" title="Cider With Rosie">Cider With Rosie</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Winifred_Foley" title="Winifred Foley">Winifred Foley</a>'s <i>A Child in the Forest</i>. Part of <a href="/wiki/Dinah_Craik" title="Dinah Craik">Mrs. Craik's</a> novel <i><a href="/wiki/John_Halifax,_Gentleman" title="John Halifax, Gentleman">John Halifax, Gentleman</a></i> is set in Enderley, a thinly disguised <a href="/wiki/Amberley,_Gloucestershire" title="Amberley, Gloucestershire">Amberley</a>, where she lived at the time of writing.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the book is set in Nortonbury, easily recognisable as <a href="/wiki/Tewkesbury" title="Tewkesbury">Tewkesbury</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The county has also been the setting for a number of high-profile movies and TV series, including <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Another_Day" title="Die Another Day">Die Another Day</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Potter_(film_series)" title="Harry Potter (film series)">the Harry Potter films</a> and <a href="/wiki/Butterflies_(TV_series)" title="Butterflies (TV series)">the BBC TV series <i>Butterflies</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"<a href="/wiki/A_Girl%27s_Best_Friend" class="mw-redirect" title="A Girl's Best Friend">A Girl's Best Friend</a>", the pilot for the proposed <i><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Who" title="Doctor Who">Doctor Who</a></i> spin-off <i><a href="/wiki/K-9_and_Company" title="K-9 and Company">K-9 and Company</a></i>, was filmed in Gloucestershire.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The setting is the fictional town of Moreton Harwood.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fictional town of Leadworth in <i><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Who" title="Doctor Who">Doctor Who</a></i> is in Gloucestershire.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the home of <a href="/wiki/Companion_(Doctor_Who)" title="Companion (Doctor Who)">companions</a> <a href="/wiki/Amy_Pond" title="Amy Pond">Amy Pond</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rory_Williams" title="Rory Williams">Rory Williams</a> and <a href="/wiki/River_Song_(Doctor_Who)" title="River Song (Doctor Who)">River Song</a> in their childhoods and young adulthoods.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, the 2020 episode "<a href="/wiki/Fugitive_of_the_Judoon" title="Fugitive of the Judoon">Fugitive of the Judoon</a>" was set and filmed at <a href="/wiki/Gloucester_Cathedral" title="Gloucester Cathedral">Gloucester Cathedral</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A fictional <a href="/wiki/Brimpsfield" title="Brimpsfield">Brimpsfield</a> was the village, home of Peter and Abby Grant, in the 1970s BBC TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Survivors_(1975_TV_series)" title="Survivors (1975 TV series)">Survivors</a></i>, with a railway connection to London.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Witcombe_Festival" title="Witcombe Festival">Witcombe Festival</a> is an annual <a href="/wiki/Music_festival" title="Music festival">music festival</a> held in <a href="/wiki/Brockworth" title="Brockworth">Brockworth</a>. As well as music, the three-day festival has it roots deep in <a href="/wiki/Cider" title="Cider">cider</a>. The festival consists of four stages and has been headlined by <a href="/wiki/Dizzee_Rascal" title="Dizzee Rascal">Dizzee Rascal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plan_B_(musician)" title="Plan B (musician)">Plan B</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sigma_(DJs)" title="Sigma (DJs)">Sigma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ella_Eyre" title="Ella Eyre">Ella Eyre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Example_(musician)" title="Example (musician)">Example</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wiley_(musician)" title="Wiley (musician)">Wiley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heather_Small" title="Heather Small">Heather Small</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lethal_Bizzle" title="Lethal Bizzle">Lethal Bizzle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tinchy_Stryder" title="Tinchy Stryder">Tinchy Stryder</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Romano/Celtic temple ruins in <a href="/wiki/Lydney_Park" title="Lydney Park">Lydney Park</a> contributed to <a href="/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" class="mw-redirect" title="J.R.R. Tolkien">J.R.R. Tolkien</a>'s description of <a href="/wiki/The_Shire" title="The Shire">The Shire</a> in his <a href="/wiki/Middle-earth" title="Middle-earth">Middle-earth</a> <a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_Legendarium" class="mw-redirect" title="Tolkien's Legendarium">Legendarium</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Animals">Animals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Animals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gloucester_Old_Spot_Boar,_England.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Gloucester_Old_Spot_Boar%2C_England.jpg/220px-Gloucester_Old_Spot_Boar%2C_England.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Gloucester_Old_Spot_Boar%2C_England.jpg/330px-Gloucester_Old_Spot_Boar%2C_England.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Gloucester_Old_Spot_Boar%2C_England.jpg/440px-Gloucester_Old_Spot_Boar%2C_England.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1589" data-file-height="1192" /></a><figcaption>A boar of the local <a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_Old_Spot" class="mw-redirect" title="Gloucestershire Old Spot">Gloucestershire Old Spot</a> breed.</figcaption></figure> <p>The famous <a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_Old_Spots" title="Gloucestershire Old Spots">Gloucestershire Old Spots</a> pig is named for Gloucestershire and is historically associated with the county.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sheep roam widely in the Forest of Dean. The Forest of Dean and the <a href="/wiki/Wye_Valley" title="Wye Valley">Wye Valley</a> also have <a href="/wiki/Wild_boar" title="Wild boar">wild boar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Gloucester_cattle" class="mw-redirect" title="Gloucester cattle">Gloucester cattle</a>, a rare<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> breed, can still be found in and around Gloucestershire.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They can be recognised by the white stripe that runs down the centre of their backs to the tip of their tails. The cattle are famous for producing milk for both <a href="/wiki/Gloucester_cheese" title="Gloucester cheese">Single Gloucester and Double Gloucester</a> cheeses.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/32px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/48px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/64px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:England" title="Portal:England">England portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Custos_Rotulorum_of_Gloucestershire" title="Custos Rotulorum of Gloucestershire">Custos Rotulorum of Gloucestershire</a> – Keepers of the Rolls</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Gloucester" title="Diocese of Gloucester">Diocese of Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Gloucestershire (UK Parliament constituency)">Gloucestershire (UK Parliament constituency)</a> – Historical list of MPs for Gloucestershire constituency</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_County_Cricket_Club" title="Gloucestershire County Cricket Club">Gloucestershire County Cricket Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_Police_and_Crime_Commissioner" title="Gloucestershire Police and Crime Commissioner">Gloucestershire Police and Crime Commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_Regiment" title="Gloucestershire Regiment">Gloucestershire Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Gloucestershire" title="High Sheriff of Gloucestershire">High Sheriff of Gloucestershire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Gloucestershire" title="Lord Lieutenant of Gloucestershire">Lord Lieutenant of Gloucestershire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Gloucestershire" title="List of people from Gloucestershire">List of people from Gloucestershire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hills_of_Gloucestershire" title="List of hills of Gloucestershire">List of hills of Gloucestershire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Gloucestershire_Hussars" title="Royal Gloucestershire Hussars">Royal Gloucestershire Hussars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Country_dialects" class="mw-redirect" title="West Country dialects">West Country dialects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Grade_I_listed_buildings_in_Gloucestershire" title="Category:Grade I listed buildings in Gloucestershire">Category:Grade I listed buildings in Gloucestershire</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/file?uri=/aboutus/transparencyandgovernance/freedomofinformationfoi/mid2022populationestimatesbylieutenancyareas/1997lieutenancyarea2022estimatesfinal3.xlsx">"Mid-2022 population estimates by Lieutenancy areas (as at 1997) for England and Wales"</a>. <i>Office for National Statistics</i>. 24 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+for+National+Statistics&rft.atitle=Mid-2022+population+estimates+by+Lieutenancy+areas+%28as+at+1997%29+for+England+and+Wales&rft.date=2024-06-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Ffile%3Furi%3D%2Faboutus%2Ftransparencyandgovernance%2Ffreedomofinformationfoi%2Fmid2022populationestimatesbylieutenancyareas%2F1997lieutenancyarea2022estimatesfinal3.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/file?uri=/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/datasets/populationestimatesforukenglandandwalesscotlandandnorthernireland/mid2022/mye22final.xlsx">"Mid-Year Population Estimates, UK, June 2022"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Office_for_National_Statistics" title="Office for National Statistics">Office for National Statistics</a></i>. 26 March 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+for+National+Statistics&rft.atitle=Mid-Year+Population+Estimates%2C+UK%2C+June+2022&rft.date=2024-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Ffile%3Furi%3D%2Fpeoplepopulationandcommunity%2Fpopulationandmigration%2Fpopulationestimates%2Fdatasets%2Fpopulationestimatesforukenglandandwalesscotlandandnorthernireland%2Fmid2022%2Fmye22final.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200619202829/https://public.oed.com/how-to-use-the-oed/abbreviations/#g">"Abbreviations"</a>. <i>Oxford English Dictionary</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://public.oed.com/how-to-use-the-oed/abbreviations/#g">the original</a> on 19 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Abbreviations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.oed.com%2Fhow-to-use-the-oed%2Fabbreviations%2F%23g&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/housing/articles/townsandcitiescharacteristicsofbuiltupareasenglandandwales/census2021">"Towns and cities, characteristics of built-up areas, England and Wales: Census 2021"</a>. <i>Office for National Statistics</i>. 2 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+for+National+Statistics&rft.atitle=Towns+and+cities%2C+characteristics+of+built-up+areas%2C+England+and+Wales%3A+Census+2021&rft.date=2023-08-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Fpeoplepopulationandcommunity%2Fhousing%2Farticles%2Ftownsandcitiescharacteristicsofbuiltupareasenglandandwales%2Fcensus2021&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/glos/vol5/pp285-294">"Forest of Dean: Introduction"</a>. <i>A History of the County of Gloucester: Volume 5, Bledisloe Hundred, St. Briavels Hundred, the Forest of Dean</i>. Victoria County History: 285–294. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200403224606/https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/glos/vol5/pp285-294">Archived</a> from the original on 3 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2021</span> – via British History Online.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=A+History+of+the+County+of+Gloucester%3A+Volume+5%2C+Bledisloe+Hundred%2C+St.+Briavels+Hundred%2C+the+Forest+of+Dean&rft.atitle=Forest+of+Dean%3A+Introduction&rft.pages=285-294&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-history.ac.uk%2Fvch%2Fglos%2Fvol5%2Fpp285-294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiddy2005" class="citation book cs1">Liddy, Christian Drummond (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n7-SVwrExnoC&q=Bristol+1373&pg=PA195"><i>War, Politics and Finance in Late Medieval English Towns: Bristol, York and the Crown, 1350–1400</i></a>. Boydell & Brewer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86193-274-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86193-274-0"><bdi>978-0-86193-274-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210503163815/https://books.google.com/books?id=n7-SVwrExnoC&q=Bristol+1373&pg=PA195">Archived</a> from the original on 3 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=War%2C+Politics+and+Finance+in+Late+Medieval+English+Towns%3A+Bristol%2C+York+and+the+Crown%2C+1350%E2%80%931400&rft.pub=Boydell+%26+Brewer&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-86193-274-0&rft.aulast=Liddy&rft.aufirst=Christian+Drummond&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dn7-SVwrExnoC%26q%3DBristol%2B1373%26pg%3DPA195&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1971/nov/16/local-government-bill#S5CV0826P0_19711116_HOC_316">"Local Government Bill (Hansard, 16 November 1971)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)</a></i>. 16 November 1971. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110511175650/http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1971/nov/16/local-government-bill">Archived</a> from the original on 11 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Parliamentary+Debates+%28Hansard%29&rft.atitle=Local+Government+Bill+%28Hansard%2C+16+November+1971%29&rft.date=1971-11-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.parliament.uk%2Fhistoric-hansard%2Fcommons%2F1971%2Fnov%2F16%2Flocal-government-bill%23S5CV0826P0_19711116_HOC_316&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/493/contents/made">"The Avon (Structural Change) Order 1995"</a>. opsi.gov.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121113203448/http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/493/contents/made">Archived</a> from the original on 13 November 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Avon+%28Structural+Change%29+Order+1995&rft.pub=opsi.gov.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legislation.gov.uk%2Fuksi%2F1995%2F493%2Fcontents%2Fmade&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobbins1997" class="citation journal cs1">Robbins, Bill (1997). "South Gloucestershire: The Transition to Unitary Authority Status". <i>Journal of Integrated Care</i>. <b>5</b> (1): 18–23. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1108%2F14769018199700004">10.1108/14769018199700004</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Integrated+Care&rft.atitle=South+Gloucestershire%3A+The+Transition+to+Unitary+Authority+Status&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=18-23&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1108%2F14769018199700004&rft.aulast=Robbins&rft.aufirst=Bill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/6911226.stm">"Flood crisis grows as rivers rise"</a>. BBC News. 23 July 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170903224122/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/6911226.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 3 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Flood+crisis+grows+as+rivers+rise&rft.date=2007-07-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fuk%2F6911226.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glostext.gloucestershire.gov.uk/mgElectionResults.aspx?ID=12">"Election results by party, 6 May 2021"</a>. <i>Gloucestershire County Council</i>. 6 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gloucestershire+County+Council&rft.atitle=Election+results+by+party%2C+6+May+2021&rft.date=2021-05-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglostext.gloucestershire.gov.uk%2FmgElectionResults.aspx%3FID%3D12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.avonfire.gov.uk/about-us">"About us"</a>. <i>Avon Fire & Rescue</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Avon+Fire+%26+Rescue&rft.atitle=About+us&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.avonfire.gov.uk%2Fabout-us&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc-20160316-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bbc-20160316_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-bristol-35823771">"West of England £1bn devolution deal announced in Budget"</a>. BBC News. 16 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=West+of+England+%C2%A31bn+devolution+deal+announced+in+Budget&rft.date=2016-03-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-bristol-35823771&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatsonUberoiLoft2020" class="citation web cs1">Watson, Christopher; Uberoi, Elise; Loft, Philip (17 April 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200417105325/https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8647/">"General election results from 1918 to 2019"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8647/">the original</a> on 17 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=General+election+results+from+1918+to+2019&rft.date=2020-04-17&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.au=Uberoi%2C+Elise&rft.au=Loft%2C+Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcommonslibrary.parliament.uk%2Fresearch-briefings%2Fcbp-8647%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-gloucestershire-57398617">"Gloucestershire electoral boundary changes 'a dog's dinner'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. BBC News. 9 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gloucestershire+electoral+boundary+changes+%27a+dog%27s+dinner%27&rft.date=2021-06-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-gloucestershire-57398617&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Components may not sum to totals due to rounding</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">includes hunting and forestry</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">includes energy and construction</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">includes financial intermediation services indirectly measured</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/regional-accounts/regional-gross-value-added--income-approach-/december-2011/rft-nuts1.xls">"{title}"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924124645/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/regional-accounts/regional-gross-value-added--income-approach-/december-2011/rft-nuts1.xls">Archived</a> from the original on 24 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%7Btitle%7D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Fons%2Frel%2Fregional-accounts%2Fregional-gross-value-added--income-approach-%2Fdecember-2011%2Frft-nuts1.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uwe.ac.uk/life/campus-and-facilities/getting-to-and-from-uwe#section-5">"Getting to and from UWE Bristol campuses"</a>. University of the West of England. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416060045/https://www.uwe.ac.uk/life/campus-and-facilities/getting-to-and-from-uwe#section-5">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Getting+to+and+from+UWE+Bristol+campuses&rft.pub=University+of+the+West+of+England&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uwe.ac.uk%2Flife%2Fcampus-and-facilities%2Fgetting-to-and-from-uwe%23section-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jointcorestrategy-my.sharepoint.com/personal/website_jointcorestrategy_onmicrosoft_com/_layouts/15/onedrive.aspx?id=%2Fpersonal%2Fwebsite%5Fjointcorestrategy%5Fonmicrosoft%5Fcom%2FDocuments%2FJoint%20Core%20Strategy%20%28JCS%29%20website%2FHome%2FJCS%20Plan%20Adopted%20Version%2011%20December%202017%2Epdf&parent=%2Fpersonal%2Fwebsite%5Fjointcorestrategy%5Fonmicrosoft%5Fcom%2FDocuments%2FJoint%20Core%20Strategy%20%28JCS%29%20website%2FHome&originalPath=aHR0cHM6Ly9qb2ludGNvcmVzdHJhdGVneS1teS5zaGFyZXBvaW50LmNvbS86YjovZy9wZXJzb25hbC93ZWJzaXRlX2pvaW50Y29yZXN0cmF0ZWd5X29ubWljcm9zb2Z0X2NvbS9FVzlMM3NPMk13QkxsRmlycEVScm1Xa0JpM0JNUFRPcDdWbzB6UF9LaVR2ZE9nP3J0aW1lPUQyMmtqRThPMlVn">"Gloucester, Cheltenham and Tewkesbury Joint Core Strategy 2011 – 2031"</a>. Gloucester City, Cheltenham Borough and Tewkesbury Borough<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gloucester%2C+Cheltenham+and+Tewkesbury+Joint+Core+Strategy+2011+%E2%80%93+2031&rft.pub=Gloucester+City%2C+Cheltenham+Borough+and+Tewkesbury+Borough&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjointcorestrategy-my.sharepoint.com%2Fpersonal%2Fwebsite_jointcorestrategy_onmicrosoft_com%2F_layouts%2F15%2Fonedrive.aspx%3Fid%3D%252Fpersonal%252Fwebsite%255Fjointcorestrategy%255Fonmicrosoft%255Fcom%252FDocuments%252FJoint%2520Core%2520Strategy%2520%2528JCS%2529%2520website%252FHome%252FJCS%2520Plan%2520Adopted%2520Version%252011%2520December%25202017%252Epdf%26parent%3D%252Fpersonal%252Fwebsite%255Fjointcorestrategy%255Fonmicrosoft%255Fcom%252FDocuments%252FJoint%2520Core%2520Strategy%2520%2528JCS%2529%2520website%252FHome%26originalPath%3DaHR0cHM6Ly9qb2ludGNvcmVzdHJhdGVneS1teS5zaGFyZXBvaW50LmNvbS86YjovZy9wZXJzb25hbC93ZWJzaXRlX2pvaW50Y29yZXN0cmF0ZWd5X29ubWljcm9zb2Z0X2NvbS9FVzlMM3NPMk13QkxsRmlycEVScm1Xa0JpM0JNUFRPcDdWbzB6UF9LaVR2ZE9nP3J0aW1lPUQyMmtqRThPMlVn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/news/history/gallery/gloucestershire-lost-railway-stations-trains-3800914">"The long lost railways stations of Gloucestershire"</a>. February 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+long+lost+railways+stations+of+Gloucestershire&rft.date=2020-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gloucestershirelive.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fhistory%2Fgallery%2Fgloucestershire-lost-railway-stations-trains-3800914&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bristolpost.co.uk/news/bristol-news/brunels-long-lost-charfield-railway-6247220">"Details of new railway station near Bristol and when it will open"</a>. 23 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Details+of+new+railway+station+near+Bristol+and+when+it+will+open&rft.date=2021-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bristolpost.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fbristol-news%2Fbrunels-long-lost-charfield-railway-6247220&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tewkesburyabbey.org.uk/history/">"History"</a>. Tewkesbury Abbey. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210123100552/https://www.tewkesburyabbey.org.uk/history/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History&rft.pub=Tewkesbury+Abbey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tewkesburyabbey.org.uk%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/places/hailes-abbey/">"Hailes Abbey"</a>. English Heritage. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191027081615/https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/places/hailes-abbey/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hailes+Abbey&rft.pub=English+Heritage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.english-heritage.org.uk%2Fvisit%2Fplaces%2Fhailes-abbey%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britainexpress.com/attractions.htm?attraction=1564">"Fairford, St Mary's Church"</a>. Britain Express. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028180307/https://www.britainexpress.com/attractions.htm?attraction=1564">Archived</a> from the original on 28 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fairford%2C+St+Mary%27s+Church&rft.pub=Britain+Express&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britainexpress.com%2Fattractions.htm%3Fattraction%3D1564&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070329164105/http://www.luminatechnologies.org/luminaaw2.html">"C. Michael Hogan and Amy Gregory, <i>History and Architecture of Calcot Manor</i>, Lumina Technologies, prepared for Calcot Manor, July 5, 2006"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.luminatechnologies.org/luminaaw2.html">the original</a> on 29 March 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=C.+Michael+Hogan+and+Amy+Gregory%2C+History+and+Architecture+of+Calcot+Manor%2C+Lumina+Technologies%2C+prepared+for+Calcot+Manor%2C+July+5%2C+2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.luminatechnologies.org%2Fluminaaw2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.simonthurgoodimages.co.uk/outandabout/gloucestershire.asp">"Simon Thurgood Images: Out and About in Gloucestershire"</a>. <i>simonthurgoodimages.co.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191024225211/http://www.simonthurgoodimages.co.uk/outandabout/gloucestershire.asp">Archived</a> from the original on 24 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=simonthurgoodimages.co.uk&rft.atitle=Simon+Thurgood+Images%3A+Out+and+About+in+Gloucestershire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.simonthurgoodimages.co.uk%2Foutandabout%2Fgloucestershire.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.olimpickgames.co.uk/">"Cotswold Olimpicks"</a>. Cotswold Olimpicks. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210503074512/https://www.olimpickgames.co.uk/">Archived</a> from the original on 3 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cotswold+Olimpicks&rft.pub=Cotswold+Olimpicks&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.olimpickgames.co.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsquestgloucestershire.co.uk/newspapers/">"Newsquest Gloucestershire"</a>. Newsquest. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160724062204/http://www.newsquestgloucestershire.co.uk/newspapers/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Newsquest+Gloucestershire&rft.pub=Newsquest&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsquestgloucestershire.co.uk%2Fnewspapers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gloucesternewscentre.co.uk/">"Gloucester News Centre"</a>. Gloucester News Centre. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210325090851/https://gloucesternewscentre.co.uk/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gloucester+News+Centre&rft.pub=Gloucester+News+Centre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgloucesternewscentre.co.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uk.radio.net/city/gloucester">"Listen to 7 radio stations in Gloucester online"</a>. Radio net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200925132053/https://uk.radio.net/city/gloucester">Archived</a> from the original on 25 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Listen+to+7+radio+stations+in+Gloucester+online&rft.pub=Radio+net&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuk.radio.net%2Fcity%2Fgloucester&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/england/regions">"Local news area"</a>. BBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416124800/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/england/regions">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Local+news+area&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fengland%2Fregions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=19101">"Minchinhampton – Introduction | A History of the County of Gloucester: Volume 11 (pp. 184–190)"</a>. British History Online. 22 June 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025071316/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=19101">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Minchinhampton+%E2%80%93+Introduction+%26%23124%3B+A+History+of+the+County+of+Gloucester%3A+Volume+11+%28pp.+184%E2%80%93190%29&rft.pub=British+History+Online&rft.date=2003-06-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-history.ac.uk%2Freport.aspx%3Fcompid%3D19101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tewkesburyhistory.org/Print-Literary-Tewkesbury">"Literary Tewkesbury"</a>. Tewksbury History. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210503163859/https://tewkesburyhistory.org/Print-Literary-Tewkesbury">Archived</a> from the original on 3 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Literary+Tewkesbury&rft.pub=Tewksbury+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftewkesburyhistory.org%2FPrint-Literary-Tewkesbury&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gloucestershireonscreen.co.uk">'Gloucestershire TV and Movie Locations'</a> at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire_on_Screen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gloucestershire on Screen (page does not exist)">Gloucestershire on Screen</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100822075616/http://www.gloucestershireonscreen.co.uk/">Archived</a> 22 August 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.doctorwholocations.net/stories/k9andcompany">"Doctor Who Locations Guide: K9 and Company"</a>. Doctorwholocations.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131231002153/http://www.doctorwholocations.net/stories/k9andcompany">Archived</a> from the original on 31 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Doctor+Who+Locations+Guide%3A+K9+and+Company&rft.pub=Doctorwholocations.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.doctorwholocations.net%2Fstories%2Fk9andcompany&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.drwhoguide.com/k9_cie.htm">"K-9 and Company"</a>. Doctor Who Reference Guide. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120510163247/http://drwhoguide.com/k9_cie.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 10 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=K-9+and+Company&rft.pub=Doctor+Who+Reference+Guide&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.drwhoguide.com%2Fk9_cie.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoffat2010" class="citation episode cs1">Moffat, Steven (3 April 2010). "<a href="/wiki/The_Eleventh_Hour_(Doctor_Who)" title="The Eleventh Hour (Doctor Who)">The Eleventh Hour</a>". <a href="/wiki/Doctor_Who" title="Doctor Who"><i>Doctor Who</i></a>. Series 5. Episode 1. BBC. BBC One.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Doctor+Who&rft.series=Series+5.+Episode+1&rft.date=2010-04-03&rft.aulast=Moffat&rft.aufirst=Steven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoffat2010" class="citation episode cs1">Moffat, Steven (3 April 2010). "<a href="/wiki/The_Eleventh_Hour_(Doctor_Who)" title="The Eleventh Hour (Doctor Who)">The Eleventh Hour</a>". <a href="/wiki/Doctor_Who" title="Doctor Who"><i>Doctor Who</i></a>. Series 5. Episode 1. BBC. BBC One.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Doctor+Who&rft.series=Series+5.+Episode+1&rft.date=2010-04-03&rft.aulast=Moffat&rft.aufirst=Steven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoffat2010" class="citation episode cs1">Moffat, Steven (26 June 2010). "<a href="/wiki/The_Big_Bang_(Doctor_Who)" title="The Big Bang (Doctor Who)">The Big Bang</a>". <a href="/wiki/Doctor_Who" title="Doctor Who"><i>Doctor Who</i></a>. Series 5. Episode 13. BBC. BBC One.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Doctor+Who&rft.series=Series+5.+Episode+13&rft.date=2010-06-26&rft.aulast=Moffat&rft.aufirst=Steven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoffat2011" class="citation episode cs1">Moffat, Steven (27 August 2011). "<a href="/wiki/Let%27s_Kill_Hitler" title="Let's Kill Hitler">Let's Kill Hitler</a>". <a href="/wiki/Doctor_Who" title="Doctor Who"><i>Doctor Who</i></a>. Series 6. Episode 8. BBC. BBC One.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Doctor+Who&rft.series=Series+6.+Episode+8&rft.date=2011-08-27&rft.aulast=Moffat&rft.aufirst=Steven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorris2020" class="citation news cs1">Norris, Phil (21 January 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/news/gloucester-news/doctor-who-gloucester-probably-strangest-3760360">"Doctor Who in Gloucester: This is probably the strangest thing you'll ever see in a cafe"</a>. <i>Gloucestershire Live</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200126212537/https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/news/gloucester-news/doctor-who-gloucester-probably-strangest-3760360">Archived</a> from the original on 26 January 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gloucestershire+Live&rft.atitle=Doctor+Who+in+Gloucester%3A+This+is+probably+the+strangest+thing+you%27ll+ever+see+in+a+cafe&rft.date=2020-01-21&rft.aulast=Norris&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gloucestershirelive.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fgloucester-news%2Fdoctor-who-gloucester-probably-strangest-3760360&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.survivorstvseries.com/The_Fourth_Horseman.htm">"The Fourth Horseman"</a>. Survivors Series. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200220085239/http://www.survivorstvseries.com/The_Fourth_Horseman.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 20 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Fourth+Horseman&rft.pub=Survivors+Series&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.survivorstvseries.com%2FThe_Fourth_Horseman.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGibbon2019" class="citation news cs1">Gibbon, Tom (30 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/whats-on/music-nightlife/fix-up-look-sharp-dizzee-2918584">"Fix up look sharp! Dizzee Rascal tops incredible line-up for Witcombe Cider Festival 2019"</a>. <i>Gloucestershire Live</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190531150730/https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/whats-on/music-nightlife/fix-up-look-sharp-dizzee-2918584">Archived</a> from the original on 31 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gloucestershire+Live&rft.atitle=Fix+up+look+sharp%21+Dizzee+Rascal+tops+incredible+line-up+for+Witcombe+Cider+Festival+2019&rft.date=2019-05-30&rft.aulast=Gibbon&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gloucestershirelive.co.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Fmusic-nightlife%2Ffix-up-look-sharp-dizzee-2918584&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/gloucestershire/films/tolkien.shtml">"Gloucestershire films – JRR Tolkien and Lydney Park's links with Lord of the Rings"</a>. BBC. 24 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gloucestershire+films+%E2%80%93+JRR+Tolkien+and+Lydney+Park%27s+links+with+Lord+of+the+Rings&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2014-09-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fgloucestershire%2Ffilms%2Ftolkien.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140227044729/https://www.rbst.org.uk/watch-list/pigs/gloucestershire-old-spots">"Gloucestershire Old Spots"</a>. Rbst.org.uk. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rbst.org.uk/watch-list/pigs/gloucestershire-old-spots">the original</a> on 27 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gloucestershire+Old+Spots&rft.pub=Rbst.org.uk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rbst.org.uk%2Fwatch-list%2Fpigs%2Fgloucestershire-old-spots&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVidal,_John2013" class="citation news cs1">Vidal, John (5 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/apr/05/hundreds-wild-boar-cull-forest-of-dean">"Hundreds of wild boars face cull in Forest of Dean"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140302153756/http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/apr/05/hundreds-wild-boar-cull-forest-of-dean">Archived</a> from the original on 2 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Hundreds+of+wild+boars+face+cull+in+Forest+of+Dean&rft.date=2013-04-05&rft.au=Vidal%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fenvironment%2F2013%2Fapr%2F05%2Fhundreds-wild-boar-cull-forest-of-dean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140227045448/https://www.rbst.org.uk/sitemanager/uploads/ck_files/files/Gloucester%20-%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf">"Gloucester"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Rare Breeds Survival Trust. 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rbst.org.uk/sitemanager/uploads/ck_files/files/Gloucester%20-%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 27 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gloucester&rft.pub=Rare+Breeds+Survival+Trust&rft.date=2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rbst.org.uk%2Fsitemanager%2Fuploads%2Fck_files%2Ffiles%2FGloucester%2520-%2520Fact%2520Sheet.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gloucestercattle.org.uk/">"Gloucester Cattle Society"</a>. <i>gloucestercattle.org.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140227081428/http://www.gloucestercattle.org.uk/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gloucestercattle.org.uk&rft.atitle=Gloucester+Cattle+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gloucestercattle.org.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-gloucestershire-56673931">"Gloucester cattle breed at increased risk of extinction"</a>. BBC News. 11 April 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210411080254/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-gloucestershire-56673931">Archived</a> from the original on 11 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gloucester+cattle+breed+at+increased+risk+of+extinction&rft.date=2021-04-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-gloucestershire-56673931&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGloucestershire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Rudder" title="Samuel Rudder">Rudder, Samuel</a>. (1779) <i>A New History of Gloucestershire</i>. Reprint: Nonsuch Publishing, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84588-023-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-84588-023-4">1-84588-023-4</a> (Free download of original here: <i><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Samuel_Rudder_A_New_History_of_Gloucestershire_1779.pdf" class="extiw" title="commons:File:Samuel Rudder A New History of Gloucestershire 1779.pdf">A New History of Gloucestershire</a></i>) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gloucestershire" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Gloucestershire">Gloucestershire</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Gloucestershire#Q23165" class="extiw" title="voy:Gloucestershire">Gloucestershire</a> travel guide from Wikivoyage</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gloucestershire.gov.uk/">Gloucestershire County Council</a> Local government web site</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.visitgloucestershire.co.uk/">Visit Gloucestershire</a> Gloucestershire Guide</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120907195225/http://viewfinder.english-heritage.org.uk/search/results.aspx?index=0">Images of Gloucestershire</a> at the <a href="/wiki/English_Heritage_Archive" class="mw-redirect" title="English Heritage Archive">English Heritage Archive</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ceremonial_county_of_Gloucestershire" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist vcard mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gloucestershire" title="Template:Gloucestershire"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gloucestershire" title="Template talk:Gloucestershire"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gloucestershire" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gloucestershire"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ceremonial_county_of_Gloucestershire" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="category"><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a></span> of <span class="fn org region"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gloucestershire</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unitary authorities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/South_Gloucestershire" title="South Gloucestershire">South Gloucestershire</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Boroughs or districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cheltenham" title="Cheltenham">Cheltenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotswold_District" title="Cotswold District">Cotswold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Dean_District" title="Forest of Dean District">Forest of Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucester" title="Gloucester">Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stroud_District" title="Stroud District">Stroud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Tewkesbury" title="Borough of Tewkesbury">Tewkesbury</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major settlements<br />(cities in italics)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berkeley,_Gloucestershire" title="Berkeley, Gloucestershire">Berkeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop%27s_Cleeve" title="Bishop's Cleeve">Bishop's Cleeve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradley_Stoke" title="Bradley Stoke">Bradley Stoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheltenham" title="Cheltenham">Cheltenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipping_Campden" title="Chipping Campden">Chipping Campden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipping_Sodbury" title="Chipping Sodbury">Chipping Sodbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchdown" title="Churchdown">Churchdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinderford" title="Cinderford">Cinderford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cirencester" title="Cirencester">Cirencester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coleford,_Gloucestershire" title="Coleford, Gloucestershire">Coleford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dursley" title="Dursley">Dursley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairford" title="Fairford">Fairford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filton" title="Filton">Filton</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gloucester" title="Gloucester">Gloucester</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingswood,_South_Gloucestershire" title="Kingswood, South Gloucestershire">Kingswood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lechlade" title="Lechlade">Lechlade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydney" title="Lydney">Lydney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minchinhampton" title="Minchinhampton">Minchinhampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitcheldean" title="Mitcheldean">Mitcheldean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moreton-in-Marsh" title="Moreton-in-Marsh">Moreton-in-Marsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nailsworth" title="Nailsworth">Nailsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newent" title="Newent">Newent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northleach" title="Northleach">Northleach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painswick" title="Painswick">Painswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patchway" title="Patchway">Patchway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quedgeley" title="Quedgeley">Quedgeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonehouse,_Gloucestershire" title="Stonehouse, Gloucestershire">Stonehouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stow-on-the-Wold" title="Stow-on-the-Wold">Stow-on-the-Wold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stroud" title="Stroud">Stroud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetbury" title="Tetbury">Tetbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tewkesbury" title="Tewkesbury">Tewkesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thornbury,_Gloucestershire" title="Thornbury, Gloucestershire">Thornbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchcombe" title="Winchcombe">Winchcombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wotton-under-Edge" title="Wotton-under-Edge">Wotton-under-Edge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yate" title="Yate">Yate</a><br /><i>See also:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/List_of_civil_parishes_in_Gloucestershire" title="List of civil parishes in Gloucestershire">List of civil parishes in Gloucestershire</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/River_Avon_(Bristol)" class="mw-redirect" title="River Avon (Bristol)">Bristol Avon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Avon,_Warwickshire" title="River Avon, Warwickshire">Warwickshire Avon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bybrook_River" title="Bybrook River">Bybrook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Boyd" title="River Boyd">Boyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Cam,_Gloucestershire" title="River Cam, Gloucestershire">Cam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Chelt" title="River Chelt">Chelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Churn" title="River Churn">Churn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Coln" title="River Coln">Coln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Evenlode" title="River Evenlode">Evenlode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Eye,_Gloucestershire" title="River Eye, Gloucestershire">Eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Frome,_Bristol" title="River Frome, Bristol">Bristol Frome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Frome,_Stroud" title="River Frome, Stroud">Stroud Frome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazel_Brook" title="Hazel Brook">Hazel Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Leach" title="River Leach">Leach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Avon_River" title="Little Avon River">Little Avon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Lyd,_Gloucestershire" class="mw-redirect" title="River Lyd, Gloucestershire">Lyd</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/River_Severn" title="River Severn">Severn</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Swilgate" title="River Swilgate">Swilgate</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">Thames</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Trym" title="River Trym">Trym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Windrush" title="River Windrush">Windrush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Wye" title="River Wye">Wye</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Gloucestershire" title="Flag of Gloucestershire">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Gloucestershire" title="List of places in Gloucestershire">Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_settlements_in_Gloucestershire_by_population" title="List of settlements in Gloucestershire by population">Population of major settlements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_Gloucestershire" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in Gloucestershire">Parliamentary constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Gloucestershire" title="List of schools in Gloucestershire">Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sites_of_Special_Scientific_Interest_in_Gloucestershire" title="List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Gloucestershire">SSSIs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Country_houses_in_Gloucestershire" title="Category:Country houses in Gloucestershire">Country houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grade_I_listed_buildings_in_Gloucestershire" title="Grade I listed buildings in Gloucestershire">Grade I listed buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grade_II*_listed_buildings_in_Gloucestershire" title="Grade II* listed buildings in Gloucestershire">Grade II* listed buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheduled_monuments_in_Gloucestershire" title="Scheduled monuments in Gloucestershire">Scheduled monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Gloucestershire" title="History of Gloucestershire">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Gloucestershire" title="Lord Lieutenant of Gloucestershire">Lord Lieutenants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Gloucestershire" title="High Sheriff of Gloucestershire">High Sheriffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Gloucestershire" title="List of museums in Gloucestershire">Museums</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1974–1996_←_Ceremonial_counties_of_England_→_current" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:England_counties" title="Template:England counties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:England_counties" title="Template talk:England counties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:England_counties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:England counties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1974–1996_←_Ceremonial_counties_of_England_→_current" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><small><a href="/wiki/Template:England_counties/1974" title="Template:England counties/1974">1974–1996</a></small> ←   <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial counties of England</a>   → <small>current</small></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bedfordshire" title="Bedfordshire">Bedfordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkshire" title="Berkshire">Berkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckinghamshire" title="Buckinghamshire">Buckinghamshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridgeshire" title="Cambridgeshire">Cambridgeshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheshire" title="Cheshire">Cheshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornwall" title="Cornwall">Cornwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumbria" title="Cumbria">Cumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derbyshire" title="Derbyshire">Derbyshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devon" title="Devon">Devon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorset" title="Dorset">Dorset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_Durham" title="County Durham">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Riding_of_Yorkshire" title="East Riding of Yorkshire">East Riding of Yorkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Sussex" title="East Sussex">East Sussex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gloucestershire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester" title="Greater Manchester">Greater Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampshire" title="Hampshire">Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herefordshire" title="Herefordshire">Herefordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hertfordshire" title="Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Wight" title="Isle of Wight">Isle of Wight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent" title="Kent">Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancashire" title="Lancashire">Lancashire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leicestershire" title="Leicestershire">Leicestershire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincolnshire" title="Lincolnshire">Lincolnshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merseyside" title="Merseyside">Merseyside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk" title="Norfolk">Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northamptonshire" title="Northamptonshire">Northamptonshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northumberland" title="Northumberland">Northumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Yorkshire" title="North Yorkshire">North Yorkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nottinghamshire" title="Nottinghamshire">Nottinghamshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutland" title="Rutland">Rutland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shropshire" title="Shropshire">Shropshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset">Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Yorkshire" title="South Yorkshire">South Yorkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staffordshire" title="Staffordshire">Staffordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk" title="Suffolk">Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrey" title="Surrey">Surrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyne_and_Wear" title="Tyne and Wear">Tyne and Wear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warwickshire" title="Warwickshire">Warwickshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_(county)" title="West Midlands (county)">West Midlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Sussex" title="West Sussex">West Sussex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Yorkshire" title="West Yorkshire">West Yorkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcestershire" title="Worcestershire">Worcestershire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23165#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23165#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23165#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/166046036">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjCXcK99q6pKRMTq8xKhMd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4086741-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80009787">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Gloucestershire (Anglie : hrabství)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge339095&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007559509305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/da806ae8-ff93-4988-93ee-4bee3c5a56bf">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&oldid=1259894356">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&oldid=1259894356</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Gloucestershire" title="Category:Gloucestershire">Gloucestershire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Non-metropolitan_counties" title="Category:Non-metropolitan counties">Non-metropolitan counties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Counties_in_South_West_England" title="Category:Counties in South West England">Counties in South West England</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Counties_of_England_established_in_antiquity" title="Category:Counties of England established in antiquity">Counties of England established in antiquity</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Phonos_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Phonos extension">Pages using the Phonos extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_British_English_from_August_2011" title="Category:Use British English from August 2011">Use British English from August 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_May_2022" title="Category:Use dmy dates from May 2022">Use dmy dates from May 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_multiple_image_with_auto_scaled_images" title="Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images">Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_including_recorded_pronunciations" title="Category:Pages including recorded pronunciations">Pages including recorded pronunciations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 27 November 2024, at 17:41<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gloucestershire&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6df7948d6c-ffg88","wgBackendResponseTime":189,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.119","walltime":"1.379","ppvisitednodes":{"value":8716,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":198766,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":27161,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":19,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":18,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":203361,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1166.059 1 -total"," 37.93% 442.285 5 Template:Infobox"," 31.36% 365.671 1 Template:Reflist"," 31.03% 361.821 1 Template:Infobox_English_county"," 30.48% 355.407 1 Template:Infobox_settlement"," 19.92% 232.301 33 Template:Cite_web"," 9.13% 106.418 7 Template:English_cerem_counties"," 7.95% 92.688 1 Template:Gloucestershire"," 7.68% 89.548 2 Template:Navbox"," 7.68% 89.532 1 Template:County"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.629","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":11291603,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-74d78f4769-sbxtr","timestamp":"20241127174156","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Gloucestershire","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gloucestershire","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q23165","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q23165","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-04-05T13:51:55Z","dateModified":"2024-11-27T17:41:54Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/6f\/Arlington_Row_Bibury.jpg","headline":"ceremonial county in England (use Q21694733 for administrative non-metropolitan county)"}</script> </body> </html>