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N-STAR b - Wikipedia

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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1089065853">.mw-parser-output .ib-spaceflight{width:25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-spaceflight .infobox-header{background:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .ib-edit-wd{float:right}</style><table class="infobox ib-spaceflight"><caption class="infobox-title">N-STAR b</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">Communication</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/SKY_Perfect_JSAT" title="SKY Perfect JSAT">SKY Perfect JSAT Group</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Designator" title="International Designator">COSPAR ID</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1996-007A <sup id="cite_ref-Display_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Display-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Catalog_Number" title="Satellite Catalog Number">SATCAT <abbr title="number">no.</abbr></a></th><td class="infobox-data">23781</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission duration</th><td class="infobox-data">10 years (planned)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Spacecraft properties</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spacecraft</th><td class="infobox-data">N-STAR b</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_bus" title="Satellite bus">Bus</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/SSL_1300" title="SSL 1300">SSL 1300</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/SSL_(company)" title="SSL (company)">Space Systems/Loral</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch mass</th><td class="infobox-data">3,400&#160;kg (7,500&#160;lb) <sup id="cite_ref-Gunter_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunter-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Service_life#BOL_and_EOL" title="Service life">BOL mass</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2,050&#160;kg (4,520&#160;lb)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dry mass</th><td class="infobox-data">1,617&#160;kg (3,565&#160;lb)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Start of mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch date</th><td class="infobox-data">5 February 1996, 07:19:38 <a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a><sup id="cite_ref-Display_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Display-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rocket</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">Ariane 44P H10-3</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch site</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Guiana_Space_Centre" title="Guiana Space Centre">Centre Spatial Guyanais</a>, <a href="/wiki/ELA-2" class="mw-redirect" title="ELA-2">ELA-2</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Contractor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arianespace" title="Arianespace">Arianespace</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Orbital parameters</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference&#160;system</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Geocentric_orbit" title="Geocentric orbit">Geocentric orbit</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Regime</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Geostationary_orbit" title="Geostationary orbit">Geostationary orbit</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Transponders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Band</th><td class="infobox-data">6 <a href="/wiki/C_band_(IEEE)" title="C band (IEEE)">C-band</a><br />11 <a href="/wiki/Ka_band" title="Ka band">Ka-band</a><br />8 <a href="/wiki/Ku_band" title="Ku band">Ku-band</a><br />1 <a href="/wiki/S_band" title="S band">S-band</a><sup id="cite_ref-soumu-wp1999chapter2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-soumu-wp1999chapter2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coverage area</th><td class="infobox-data">Japan</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><div class="" style="width:100%; text-align:center; border-top:1px #aaa solid"><a href="/wiki/JSAT_(satellite_constellation)" title="JSAT (satellite constellation)">N-Star constellation</a></div><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;" class="noprint">&#8592;&#160;<a href="/wiki/N-STAR_a" title="N-STAR a">N-STAR a</a></div><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/N-STAR_c" title="N-STAR c">N-STAR c</a>&#160;&#8594;</div></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>N-STAR b</b>, was a <a href="/wiki/Geostationary_orbit" title="Geostationary orbit">geostationary</a> <a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">communications satellite</a> originally ordered by a consortium including <a href="/wiki/NTT_Docomo" title="NTT Docomo">NTT DoCoMo</a> and <a href="/wiki/JSAT_Corporation" title="JSAT Corporation">JSAT Corporation</a>, and later fully acquired by JSAT, which was merged into <a href="/wiki/SKY_Perfect_JSAT" title="SKY Perfect JSAT">SKY Perfect JSAT Group</a>. It was designed and manufactured by <a href="/wiki/SSL_(company)" title="SSL (company)">Space Systems/Loral</a> on the <a href="/wiki/SSL_1300" title="SSL 1300">SSL 1300</a> platform.<sup id="cite_ref-Gunter_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunter-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It had a launch weight of 3,400&#160;kg (7,500&#160;lb), and a 10-year design life.<sup id="cite_ref-Gunter_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunter-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Its payload is composed of 6 <a href="/wiki/C_band_(IEEE)" title="C band (IEEE)">C-band</a>, 11 <a href="/wiki/Ka_band" title="Ka band">Ka-band</a>, 8 <a href="/wiki/Ku_band" title="Ku band">Ku-band</a> and 1 <a href="/wiki/S_band" title="S band">S-band</a> <a href="/wiki/Transponder_(satellite_communications)" title="Transponder (satellite communications)">transponders</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-STAR_b&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>N-Star</b> was created as a joint venture between JSAT, <a href="/wiki/Nippon_Telegraph_and_Telephone" title="Nippon Telegraph and Telephone">Nippon Telegraph and Telephone</a> (NTT), <a href="/wiki/NTT_Communications" title="NTT Communications">NTT Communications</a> and <a href="/wiki/NTT_Docomo" title="NTT Docomo">NTT DoCoMo</a> for the supply of these latter two <i>WIDESTAR</i> satellite telephone and data packet service.<sup id="cite_ref-nttdocomo-f20afy2000_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nttdocomo-f20afy2000-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> JSAT would handle the satellite side of business and NTT DoCoMo would operate the payload.<sup id="cite_ref-nttdocomo-f20afy2001_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nttdocomo-f20afy2001-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NTTDoCoMo2002_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NTTDoCoMo2002-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two identical satellites were ordered on 1992 from <a href="/wiki/SSL_(company)" title="SSL (company)">Space Systems Loral</a>, <a href="/wiki/N-STAR_a" title="N-STAR a">N-STAR a</a> and <b>N-STAR b</b>, for 1995 and 1996 on orbit delivery.<sup id="cite_ref-globalsecurity-japannstar_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globalsecurity-japannstar-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sslmda-1300history_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sslmda-1300history-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> They would be "switchboards in the sky" having S-band, C-band, Ka-band and Ku-band payload.<sup id="cite_ref-sslmda-nstar_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sslmda-nstar-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>N-STAR a was successfully launched aboard an <a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">Ariane 44P</a> on 29 August 1995. Its twin, N-STAR b, launched on 5 February 1996, also aboard an Ariane 44P.<sup id="cite_ref-Gunter_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunter-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sslmda-nstar_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sslmda-nstar-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The satellite telephone service was operational in March 1996. In March 2000, the packet communications service was introduced.<sup id="cite_ref-nttdocomo-technicaljournalv12n02_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nttdocomo-technicaljournalv12n02-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In March 2000, JSAT received the <a href="/wiki/NTT_Communications" title="NTT Communications">NTT Communications</a> interest in the N-STAR a and N-STAR b.<sup id="cite_ref-jsat-book2012whoweare_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jsat-book2012whoweare-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-skyperfectjsat-history20160728_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-skyperfectjsat-history20160728-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2003, the JSAT acquired the NTT DoCoMo interest on N-STAR a and N-STAR b, whom then leased them back.<sup id="cite_ref-nttdocomo-pr20030731_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nttdocomo-pr20030731-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nttdocomo-f20afy2003_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nttdocomo-f20afy2003-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-STAR_b&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/28px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/42px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/56px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight" title="Portal:Spaceflight">Spaceflight portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/JCSAT-5A" title="JCSAT-5A">JCSAT-5A</a> – Also known as <b>N-STAR d</b>, was the follow on satellite.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-STAR_b&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Display-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Display_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Display_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1996-007A">"Display: N-STAR B 1996-006A"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=FORM+20-F%2FA+AMENDMENT+NO.1+TO+FORM+20-F&amp;rft.pages=33-34&amp;rft.pub=NTT+DoCoMo&amp;rft.date=2002-02-08&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nttdocomo.co.jp%2Fenglish%2Fcorporate%2Fir%2Fbinary%2Fpdf%2Flibrary%2Fsec%2Fbacknumber%2Ffy2000_e.pdf%23page%3D30&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AN-STAR+b" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-globalsecurity-japannstar-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-globalsecurity-japannstar_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalsecurity.org/space/world/japan/n-star.htm">"N-Star"</a>. Global Security<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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NTT DoCoMo: 37–42<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=NTT+DoCoMo+Technical+Journal&amp;rft.atitle=Overview+of+WIDESTAR+II+Mobile+Satellite+Communications+System+and+Service&amp;rft.volume=12&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=37-42&amp;rft.date=2010-09&amp;rft.aulast=Yamamoto&amp;rft.aufirst=Kazuichi&amp;rft.au=Furukawa%2C+Makoto&amp;rft.au=Satoh%2C+Hijin&amp;rft.au=Nishi%2C+Yasuki&amp;rft.au=Kouji%2C+Horikawa&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nttdocomo.co.jp%2Fenglish%2Fbinary%2Fpdf%2Fcorporate%2Ftechnology%2Frd%2Ftechnical_journal%2Fbn%2Fvol12_2%2Fvol12_2_037en.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AN-STAR+b" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jsat-book2012whoweare-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jsat-book2012whoweare_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skyperfectjsat.co.jp/load_pdf.php?pTb=t_annual_&amp;pRi=30&amp;pJe=1">"Who we are?"</a>. SKY Perfect JSAT Group. 3 August 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Who+we+are%3F&amp;rft.pub=SKY+Perfect+JSAT+Group&amp;rft.date=2012-08-03&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.skyperfectjsat.co.jp%2Fload_pdf.php%3FpTb%3Dt_annual_%26pRi%3D30%26pJe%3D1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AN-STAR+b" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-skyperfectjsat-history20160728-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-skyperfectjsat-history20160728_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skyperfectjsat.co.jp/en/about/history.html">"History"</a>. SKY Perfect JSAT Holdings Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=History&amp;rft.pub=SKY+Perfect+JSAT+Holdings+Inc.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.skyperfectjsat.co.jp%2Fen%2Fabout%2Fhistory.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AN-STAR+b" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nttdocomo-pr20030731-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nttdocomo-pr20030731_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nttdocomo.co.jp/english/info/media_center/pr/2003/000989.html">"NTT DoCoMo to Transfer Satellite Assets to JSAT and Acquire JSAT Common Stock"</a>. NTT DoCoMo. 31 July 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=NTT+DoCoMo+to+Transfer+Satellite+Assets+to+JSAT+and+Acquire+JSAT+Common+Stock&amp;rft.pub=NTT+DoCoMo&amp;rft.date=2003-07-31&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nttdocomo.co.jp%2Fenglish%2Finfo%2Fmedia_center%2Fpr%2F2003%2F000989.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AN-STAR+b" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nttdocomo-f20afy2003-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nttdocomo-f20afy2003_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nttdocomo.co.jp/english/corporate/ir/binary/pdf/library/sec/backnumber/fy2003_e.pdf#page=33">"FORM 20-F/A AMENDMENT NO.1 TO FORM 20-F"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. NTT DoCoMo. 28 June 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=FORM+20-F%2FA+AMENDMENT+NO.1+TO+FORM+20-F&amp;rft.pub=NTT+DoCoMo&amp;rft.date=2004-06-28&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nttdocomo.co.jp%2Fenglish%2Fcorporate%2Fir%2Fbinary%2Fpdf%2Flibrary%2Fsec%2Fbacknumber%2Ffy2003_e.pdf%23page%3D33&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AN-STAR+b" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-STAR_b&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jsat.net/en/contour/satellite-fleet.html">JSAT Fleet Status</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160903162624/http://www.jsat.net/en/contour/satellite-fleet.html">Archived</a> 3 September 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="←_1995Orbital_launches_in_19961997_→" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital launches in 1996"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="←_1995Orbital_launches_in_19961997_→" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div style="float: left;"><a href="/wiki/1995_in_spaceflight" title="1995 in spaceflight">← 1995</a></div><a href="/wiki/1996_in_spaceflight" title="1996 in spaceflight"><span class="vevent"><span class="summary">Orbital launches in <span class="dtstart">1996</span></span></span></a><div style="float: right;"><a href="/wiki/1997_in_spaceflight" title="1997 in spaceflight">1997 →</a></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">January</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-72" title="STS-72">STS-72</a></u> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=SPARTAN-206&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="SPARTAN-206 (page does not exist)">SPARTAN-206</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelsat_3R" title="Intelsat 3R">PAS-3R</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Africasat-1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Africasat-1 (page does not exist)">MEASAT-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ABS-1A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ABS-1A (page does not exist)">Koreasat 2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2327&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2327 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2327</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gorizont_No.43L&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gorizont No.43L (page does not exist)">Gorizont #43L</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">February</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paksat-1" title="Paksat-1">Palapa C1</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">N-STAR b</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Intelsat_708" title="Intelsat 708">Intelsat 708</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NEAR_Shoemaker" title="NEAR Shoemaker">NEAR Shoemaker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2328&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2328 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2328</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2329&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2329 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2329</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2330&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2330 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2330</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gonets-D1_No.1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gonets-D1 No.1 (page does not exist)">Gonets-D1 #1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gonets-D1_No.2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gonets-D1 No.2 (page does not exist)">Gonets-D1 #2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gonets-D1_No.3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gonets-D1 No.3 (page does not exist)">Gonets-D1 #3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gran%27_No.44L&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gran&#39; No.44L (page does not exist)">Gran' #44L</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_TM-23" title="Soyuz TM-23">Soyuz TM-23</a></u></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-75" title="STS-75">STS-75</a></u> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=TSS-1R&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="TSS-1R (page does not exist)">TSS-1R</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polar_(satellite)" title="Polar (satellite)">Polar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">March</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=REX_II&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="REX II (page does not exist)">REX II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelsat_707" title="Intelsat 707">Intelsat 707</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2331&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2331 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2331</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRS-P3" title="IRS-P3">IRS-P3</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-76" title="STS-76">STS-76</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-117" title="USA-117">USA-117</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">April</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inmarsat-3_F1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Inmarsat-3 F1 (page does not exist)">Inmarsat-3 F1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astra_1F" title="Astra 1F">Astra 1F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSAT-1" class="mw-redirect" title="MSAT-1">MSAT-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priroda" title="Priroda">Priroda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midcourse_Space_Experiment" title="Midcourse Space Experiment">MSX</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2332&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2332 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2332</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-118&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-118 (page does not exist)">USA-118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BeppoSAX" title="BeppoSAX">BeppoSAX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">May</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-31" title="Progress M-31">Progress M-31</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-119&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-119 (page does not exist)">USA-119</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-120&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-120 (page does not exist)">USA-120</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-121&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-121 (page does not exist)">USA-121</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-122&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-122 (page does not exist)">USA-122</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-123&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-123 (page does not exist)">USA-123</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-124&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-124 (page does not exist)">USA-124</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kometa_No.18&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kometa No.18 (page does not exist)">Kometa #18</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palapa_C2" class="mw-redirect" title="Palapa C2">Palapa C2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intelsat_24" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelsat 24">Amos-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSTI-3" class="mw-redirect" title="MSTI-3">MSTI-3</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-77" title="STS-77">STS-77</a></u> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=SPARTAN-207&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="SPARTAN-207 (page does not exist)">SPARTAN-207</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inflatable_Antenna_Experiment" title="Inflatable Antenna Experiment">IAE</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=PAMS-STU&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="PAMS-STU (page does not exist)">PAMS-STU</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_9" title="Galaxy 9">Galaxy 9</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gorizont_No.44L&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gorizont No.44L (page does not exist)">Gorizont #44L</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">June</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cluster_F1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cluster F1 (page does not exist)">Cluster F1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cluster_F2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cluster F2 (page does not exist)">Cluster F2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cluster_F3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cluster F3 (page does not exist)">Cluster F3</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cluster_F4&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cluster F4 (page does not exist)">Cluster F4</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelsat_709" title="Intelsat 709">Intelsat 709</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-78" title="STS-78">STS-78</a></u></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=June_1996_Soyuz_launch_failure&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="June 1996 Soyuz launch failure (page does not exist)">Kobal't</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">July</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TOMS-EP" class="mw-redirect" title="TOMS-EP">TOMS-EP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-125&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-125 (page does not exist)">USA-125</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apstar_1A" class="mw-redirect" title="Apstar 1A">Apstar 1A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabsat_2A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabsat 2A (page does not exist)">Arabsat 2A</a>, <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrksat_1C" title="Türksat 1C">Türksat 1C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-126" title="USA-126">USA-126</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-127&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-127 (page does not exist)">USA-127</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-32" title="Progress M-32">Progress M-32</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">August</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%A9l%C3%A9com_2D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Télécom 2D (page does not exist)">Télécom 2D</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Italsat_2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Italsat 2 (page does not exist)">Italsat 2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya_1-79&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya 1-79 (page does not exist)">Molniya 1-79</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Midori_(satellite)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Midori (satellite) (page does not exist)">Midori</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fuji_2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fuji 2 (page does not exist)">Fuji 2</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_TM-24" title="Soyuz TM-24">Soyuz TM-24</a></u></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=HGS-2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="HGS-2 (page does not exist)">Chinasat-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_Auroral_Snapshot_Explorer" class="mw-redirect" title="Fast Auroral Snapshot Explorer">FAST</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Interbol_2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Interbol 2 (page does not exist)">Interbol 2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maigon_5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Maigon 5 (page does not exist)">Maigon 5</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Victor_(satellite)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Victor (satellite) (page does not exist)">Victor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">September</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2333&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2333 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2333</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2334&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2334 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2334</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=UNAMSAT-2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="UNAMSAT-2 (page does not exist)">UNAMSAT-2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inmarsat-3_F2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Inmarsat-3 F2 (page does not exist)">Inmarsat-3 F2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMC-1" title="AMC-1">GE-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_II" title="EchoStar II">EchoStar II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-128" title="USA-128">USA-128</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-79" title="STS-79">STS-79</a></u></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekspress-6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekspress-6 (page does not exist)">Ekspress-6</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">October</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fanhui_Shi_Weixing" title="Fanhui Shi Weixing">FSW-17</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya_3-62&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya 3-62 (page does not exist)">Molniya 3-62</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">November</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_Energy_Transient_Explorer" class="mw-redirect" title="High Energy Transient Explorer">HETE</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=SAC-B&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="SAC-B (page does not exist)">SAC-B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Global_Surveyor" title="Mars Global Surveyor">Mars Global Surveyor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabsat_2B&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabsat 2B (page does not exist)">Arabsat 2B</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Africasat_2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Africasat 2 (page does not exist)">MEASAT-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_96" title="Mars 96">Mars 96</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-80" title="STS-80">STS-80</a></u> (<a href="/wiki/Wake_Shield_Facility" title="Wake Shield Facility">WSF</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ORFEUS-SPAS&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ORFEUS-SPAS (page does not exist)">ORFEUS-SPAS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-33" title="Progress M-33">Progress M-33</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_W48&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat W48 (page does not exist)">Hot Bird 2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">December</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Pathfinder" title="Mars Pathfinder">Mars Pathfinder</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sojourner_(rover)" title="Sojourner (rover)">Sojourner</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2335&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2335 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2335</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inmarsat-3_F3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Inmarsat-3 F3 (page does not exist)">Inmarsat-3 F3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2336&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2336 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2336</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-129&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-129 (page does not exist)">USA-129</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bion_No.11" class="mw-redirect" title="Bion No.11">Bion No.11</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).<br /><u>Crewed flights</u> are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐67876799fc‐6qxrc Cached time: 20241127212152 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.363 seconds Real time usage: 0.496 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2217/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 68596/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2765/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 67678/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.214/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6713004/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 448.156 1 -total 52.22% 234.042 6 Template:Infobox 33.27% 149.094 1 Template:Infobox_spaceflight 31.62% 141.719 1 Template:Reflist 22.32% 100.030 12 Template:Cite_web 18.93% 84.829 1 Template:Orbital_launches_in_1996 17.92% 80.295 1 Template:Navbox 5.79% 25.942 4 Template:Cvt 5.51% 24.689 1 Template:Use_American_English 4.41% 19.773 1 Template:Portal --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:51386256:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241127212152 and revision id 1176939617. 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