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Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7_19" title="لونا 19 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لونا 19" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AF" title="লুনা ১৯ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লুনা ১৯" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0_19" title="Луна 19 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Луна 19" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_19" title="Luna 19 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Luna 19" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_19" title="Luna 19 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Luna 19" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7_%DB%B1%DB%B9" title="لونا ۱۹ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لونا ۱۹" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A1_19" title="Լունա 19 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լունա 19" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_19" title="Luna 19 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Luna 19" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_19" title="Luna 19 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Luna 19" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_19" title="Luna 19 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Luna 19" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90-19" title="ლუნა-19 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლუნა-19" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna%E2%80%9319" title="Luna–19 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Luna–19" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B0%E1%80%94_%E1%81%81%E1%81%89" title="လူန ၁၉ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လူန ၁၉" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loena_19" title="Loena 19 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Loena 19" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%8A19%E5%8F%B7" title="ルナ19号 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルナ19号" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_19" title="Luna 19 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Luna 19" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7_19" title="لونا 19 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لونا 19" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81una_19" title="Łuna 19 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Łuna 19" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_19" title="Luna 19 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Luna 19" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0-19" title="Луна-19 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Луна-19" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7_%D9%A1%D9%A9" title="لونا ١٩ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="لونا ١٩" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_19" title="Luna 19 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Luna 19" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_19" title="Luna 19 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Luna 19" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE_19" title="உலூனா 19 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உலூனா 19" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0-19" title="Луна-19 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Луна-19" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_19" title="Luna 19 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Luna 19" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8319%E5%8F%B7" title="月球19号 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="月球19号" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q950112#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Soviet lunar orbiter</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1089065853">.mw-parser-output .ib-spaceflight{width:25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-spaceflight .infobox-header{background:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .ib-edit-wd{float:right}</style><table class="infobox ib-spaceflight"><caption class="infobox-title"><i>Luna 19</i></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission type</th><td class="infobox-data">Lunar orbiter</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator</th><td class="infobox-data">Soviet space program</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Designator" title="International Designator">COSPAR ID</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-082A">1971-082A</a></span><span class="ib-edit-wd"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q950112#P247" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Catalog_Number" title="Satellite Catalog Number">SATCAT <abbr title="number">no.</abbr></a></th><td class="infobox-data">5488</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission duration</th><td class="infobox-data">Between 371 and 388 days (launch to last contact)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Spacecraft properties</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spacecraft type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=E-8-LS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E-8-LS (page does not exist)">E-8-LS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/NPO_Lavochkin" class="mw-redirect" title="NPO Lavochkin">GSMZ Lavochkin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch mass</th><td class="infobox-data">5,600 kilograms (12,300 lb)<sup id="cite_ref-nssdc_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nssdc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dry mass</th><td class="infobox-data">5,600 kilograms (12,300 lb)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Start of mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch date</th><td class="infobox-data">28 September 1971, 10:00:22<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtstart">1971-09-28UTC10:00:22Z</span>)</span> UTC<sup id="cite_ref-nssdc_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nssdc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rocket</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Proton-K" title="Proton-K">Proton-K</a>/<a href="/wiki/Blok_D" title="Blok D">D</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch site</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Baikonur_Cosmodrome" title="Baikonur Cosmodrome">Baikonur</a> <a href="/wiki/Baikonur_Cosmodrome_Site_81" title="Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81">81/24</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">End of mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deactivated</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 20 October 1972<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend">1972-10-21</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Last contact</th><td class="infobox-data">1 November 1972<sup id="cite_ref-beyondearth_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beyondearth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Orbital parameters</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference system</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Selenocentric_orbit" class="mw-redirect" title="Selenocentric orbit">Selenocentric</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_eccentricity" title="Orbital eccentricity">Eccentricity</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0.18<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Apsis" title="Apsis">Periselene altitude</a></th><td class="infobox-data">140 kilometres (87 mi)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Apsis" title="Apsis">Aposelene altitude</a></th><td class="infobox-data">140 kilometres (87 mi)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_inclination" title="Orbital inclination">Inclination</a></th><td class="infobox-data">40.58 degrees</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_period" title="Orbital period">Period</a></th><td class="infobox-data">121.13 minutes</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ddf;"><a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Lunar</a> orbiter</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Orbital insertion</th><td class="infobox-data">3 October 1971</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Orbits</th><td class="infobox-data">~4,315</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Instruments</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Imaging system<br />Gamma-ray spectrometer<br />Radio altimeter<br />Meteoroid detectors<br /><a href="/wiki/Magnetometer" title="Magnetometer">Magnetometer</a><br />Cosmic-ray detectors<br />Radiation detectors</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><div class="" style="width:100%; text-align:center; border-top:1px #aaa solid"><b><a href="/wiki/Luna_programme" title="Luna programme">Luna programme</a></b></div><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/Luna_18" title="Luna 18">Luna 18</a></div><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/Luna_20" title="Luna 20">Luna 20</a> →</div></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Luna 19</b></i> (a.k.a. <i><b>Lunik 19</b></i>) (E-8-LS series), was an <a href="/wiki/Uncrewed_space_mission" class="mw-redirect" title="Uncrewed space mission">uncrewed space mission</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Luna_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Luna program">Luna program</a>. <i>Luna 19</i> extended the systematic study of lunar gravitational fields and location of <a href="/wiki/Mass_concentration_(astronomy)" title="Mass concentration (astronomy)">mascons</a> (mass concentrations). It also studied the lunar radiation environment, the gamma-active lunar surface, and the solar wind. Photographic coverage via a television system was also obtained. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luna_19&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Luna 19</i> was the first of the “advanced” lunar orbiters whose design was based upon the same Ye-8-class bus used for the lunar rovers and the sample collectors. For these orbiters, designated Ye-8LS, the basic “lander stage” was topped off by a wheelless Lunokhod-like frame that housed all scientific instrumentation in a pressurized container. </p><p><i>Luna 19</i> was launched into an Earth parking orbit on 28 September, of the year 1971 and, from this orbit, was sent toward the <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a>. <i>Luna 19</i> entered an orbit around the Moon on 2 October 1971 after two midcourse corrections on 29 September and 1 October. Initial orbital parameters were 140 x 140 kilometers at 40.58° inclination. </p><p>Soon afterward, the spacecraft began its main imaging mission — providing panoramic images of the mountainous region of the Moon between 30° and 60° south latitude and between 20° and 80° east longitude. Other scientific experiments included extensive studies on the shape and strength of the lunar gravitational field and the locations of the mascons. Occultation experiments in May and June 1972 allowed scientists to determine the concentration of charged particles at an altitude of 10 kilometers. Additional studies of the solar wind were evidently coordinated with those performed by the Mars 2 and 3 orbiters and Veneras 7 and 8. Communications with Luna 19 was lost on 1 November 1972,<sup id="cite_ref-beyondearth_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beyondearth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after a year of operation and more than 4,000 orbits around the Moon. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luna_19&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/luna-19/in-depth/">"Luna 19", <i>Solar System Exploration</i>, NASA.gov</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210122111406/https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/luna-19/in-depth/">Archived</a> 22 January 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luna_19&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-082A">"Luna 19"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NASA_Space_Science_Data_Coordinated_Archive" title="NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive">NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Luna+19&rft.pub=NASA+Space+Science+Data+Coordinated+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fnmc%2Fspacecraft%2Fdisplay.action%3Fid%3D1971-082A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuna+19" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-beyondearth-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-beyondearth_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-beyondearth_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiddiqi2018" class="citation book cs1">Siddiqi, Asif (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/beyond-earth-tagged.pdf"><i>Beyond Earth: A Chronicle of Deep Space Exploration</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Communications, NASA History Division. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781626830431" title="Special:BookSources/9781626830431"><bdi>9781626830431</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210331145241/https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/beyond-earth-tagged.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 31 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Beyond+Earth%3A+A+Chronicle+of+Deep+Space+Exploration&rft.pub=National+Aeronautics+and+Space+Administration%2C+Office+of+Communications%2C+NASA+History+Division&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9781626830431&rft.aulast=Siddiqi&rft.aufirst=Asif&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fatoms%2Ffiles%2Fbeyond-earth-tagged.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuna+19" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Luna_programme" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Luna_programme" title="Template:Luna programme"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Luna_programme" title="Template talk:Luna programme"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Luna_programme" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Luna programme"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Luna_programme" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Luna_programme" title="Luna programme">Luna programme</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Impactors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-1_No.1" title="Luna E-1 No.1">Luna E-1 No.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-1_No.2" title="Luna E-1 No.2">Luna E-1 No.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-1_No.3" title="Luna E-1 No.3">Luna E-1 No.3</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_1" title="Luna 1">Luna 1</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-1A_No.1" title="Luna E-1A No.1">Luna E-1A No.1</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_2" title="Luna 2">Luna 2</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flyby</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_3" title="Luna 3">Luna 3</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-3_No.1" title="Luna E-3 No.1">Luna E-3 No.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-3_No.2" title="Luna E-3 No.2">Luna E-3 No.2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lander</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-6_No.2" title="Luna E-6 No.2">Luna E-6 No.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-6_No.3" title="Luna E-6 No.3">Luna E-6 No.3</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_4" title="Luna 4">Luna 4</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-6_No.6" title="Luna E-6 No.6">Luna E-6 No.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-6_No.5" title="Luna E-6 No.5">Luna E-6 No.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_60" title="Kosmos 60">Kosmos 60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-6_No.8" title="Luna E-6 No.8">Luna E-6 No.8</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_5" title="Luna 5">Luna 5</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_6" title="Luna 6">Luna 6</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_7" title="Luna 7">Luna 7</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_8" title="Luna 8">Luna 8</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_9" title="Luna 9">Luna 9</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_13" title="Luna 13">Luna 13</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orbiter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_111" title="Kosmos 111">Kosmos 111</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_10" title="Luna 10">Luna 10</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_11" title="Luna 11">Luna 11</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_12" title="Luna 12">Luna 12</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-6LS_No.112" title="Luna E-6LS No.112">Luna E-6LS No.112</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_14" title="Luna 14">Luna 14</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Luna 19</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_22" title="Luna 22">Luna 22</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sample Return</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-8-5_No._402" title="Luna E-8-5 No. 402">Luna E-8-5 No. 402</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_15" title="Luna 15">Luna 15</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_300" title="Kosmos 300">Kosmos 300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_305" title="Kosmos 305">Kosmos 305</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-8-5_No._405" title="Luna E-8-5 No. 405">Luna E-8-5 No. 405</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_16" title="Luna 16">Luna 16</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_18" title="Luna 18">Luna 18</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_20" title="Luna 20">Luna 20</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_23" title="Luna 23">Luna 23</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-8-5M_No._412" title="Luna E-8-5M No. 412">Luna E-8-5M No. 412</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_24" title="Luna 24">Luna 24</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rover</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-8_No.201" title="Luna E-8 No.201">Luna E-8 No.201</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_17" title="Luna 17">Luna 17</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_21" title="Luna 21">Luna 21</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Spacecraft_missions_to_the_Moon" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Moon_spacecraft" title="Template:Moon spacecraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Moon_spacecraft" title="Template talk:Moon spacecraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Moon_spacecraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Moon spacecraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Spacecraft_missions_to_the_Moon" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_missions_to_the_Moon" title="List of missions to the Moon">Spacecraft missions</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_the_Moon" title="Exploration of the Moon">Exploration</a><br />programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">American</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis_program" title="Artemis program">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Lunar_Payload_Services" title="Commercial Lunar Payload Services">CLPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Orbiter_program" title="Lunar Orbiter program">Lunar Orbiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Precursor_Robotic_Program" title="Lunar Precursor Robotic Program">Lunar Precursor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_program" title="Pioneer program">Pioneer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_program" title="Ranger program">Ranger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_program" title="Surveyor program">Surveyor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Space_Administration" title="China National Space Administration">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Lunar_Exploration_Program" title="Chinese Lunar Exploration Program">Chang'e</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISRO" title="ISRO">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan_programme" title="Chandrayaan programme">Chandrayaan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Space_and_Astronautical_Science" title="Institute of Space and Astronautical Science">Japanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Lunar_Exploration_Program" title="Japanese Lunar Exploration Program">Japanese Lunar Exploration Program</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_Aerospace_Research_Institute" title="Korea Aerospace Research Institute">South Korean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danuri" title="Danuri">Danuri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roscosmos" title="Roscosmos">Russian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luna-Glob" title="Luna-Glob">Luna-Glob</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_space_program" title="Soviet space program">Soviet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_crewed_lunar_programs" title="Soviet crewed lunar programs">Crewed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_programme" title="Luna programme">Luna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunokhod_programme" title="Lunokhod programme">Lunokhod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zond_program" title="Zond program">Zond</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">Active<br />missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Orbiters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/THEMIS#ARTEMIS" title="THEMIS">ARTEMIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAPSTONE" title="CAPSTONE">CAPSTONE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-2" title="Chandrayaan-2">Chandrayaan-2</a> Orbiter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_5-T1" title="Chang'e 5-T1">Chang'e 5-T1</a> (service module)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danuri" title="Danuri">Danuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Reconnaissance_Orbiter" title="Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter">Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queqiao_relay_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Queqiao relay satellite">Queqiao 1</a> (relay satellite at <a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point#L2" title="Lagrange point">L<sub>2</sub></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queqiao-2_relay_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Queqiao-2 relay satellite">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiandu" title="Tiandu">Tiandu-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiandu" title="Tiandu">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICUBE-Q" title="ICUBE-Q">ICUBE-Q</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Landers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_3" title="Chang'e 3">Chang'e 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_4" title="Chang'e 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_Lander_for_Investigating_Moon" title="Smart Lander for Investigating Moon">SLIM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Rovers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yutu-2" title="Yutu-2">Yutu-2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Flybys</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ArgoMoon" title="ArgoMoon">ArgoMoon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">Past<br />missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Crewed landings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_12" title="Apollo 12">12</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_14" title="Apollo 14">14</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15" title="Apollo 15">15</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_16" title="Apollo 16">16</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_17" title="Apollo 17">17</a></i></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Apollo_astronauts" title="List of Apollo astronauts">List of Apollo astronauts</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Orbiters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_8" title="Apollo 8">Apollo 8</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_10" title="Apollo 10">10</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Lunar_Module" title="Apollo Lunar Module">Apollo Lunar Module</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis_I" title="Artemis I">Artemis I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_1" title="Chang'e 1">Chang'e 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_2" title="Chang'e 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_5" title="Chang'e 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-1" title="Chandrayaan-1">Chandrayaan-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-3" title="Chandrayaan-3">Chandrayaan-3</a> (propulsion module)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clementine_(spacecraft)" title="Clementine (spacecraft)">Clementine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_35" title="Explorer 35">Explorer 35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_49" title="Explorer 49">49</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRAIL" title="GRAIL">GRAIL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiten_(spacecraft)" title="Hiten (spacecraft)">Hiten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LADEE" title="LADEE">LADEE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_4#Microsatellites" title="Chang'e 4">Longjiang-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_10" title="Luna 10">Luna 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_11" title="Luna 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_12" title="Luna 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_14" title="Luna 14">14</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_22" title="Luna 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Orbiter_1" title="Lunar Orbiter 1">Lunar Orbiter 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Orbiter_2" title="Lunar Orbiter 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Orbiter_3" title="Lunar Orbiter 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Orbiter_4" title="Lunar Orbiter 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Orbiter_5" title="Lunar Orbiter 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Prospector" title="Lunar Prospector">Lunar Prospector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15#Lunar_subsatellite" title="Apollo 15">PFS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_16#Lunar_subsatellite_PFS-2" title="Apollo 16">PFS-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SMART-1" title="SMART-1">SMART-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SELENE" title="SELENE">SELENE (Kaguya, Okina, Ouna)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Spacecraft_that_impacted_the_Moon" title="Category:Spacecraft that impacted the Moon">Impactors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LCROSS" title="LCROSS">LCROSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_2" title="Luna 2">Luna 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_Impact_Probe" title="Moon Impact Probe">Moon Impact Probe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_4" title="Ranger 4">Ranger 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_6" title="Ranger 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_7" title="Ranger 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_8" title="Ranger 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_9" title="Ranger 9">9</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Moon_landing" title="Moon landing">Landers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Lunar_Module" title="Apollo Lunar Module">Apollo Lunar Module</a></i> ×6</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_5" title="Chang'e 5">Chang'e 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_6" title="Chang'e 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_9" title="Luna 9">Luna 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_13" title="Luna 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_16" title="Luna 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_17" title="Luna 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_20" title="Luna 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_21" title="Luna 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_23" title="Luna 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_24" title="Luna 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_1" title="Surveyor 1">Surveyor 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_3" title="Surveyor 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_5" title="Surveyor 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_6" title="Surveyor 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_7" title="Surveyor 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-3" title="Chandrayaan-3">Vikram</a> (Chandrayaan-3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/EagleCam" class="mw-redirect" title="EagleCam">EagleCam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IM-1" title="IM-1">IM-1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Lunar_rover" title="Lunar rover">Rovers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Roving_Vehicle" title="Lunar Roving Vehicle">Lunar Roving Vehicle</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15" title="Apollo 15">Apollo 15</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_16" title="Apollo 16">16</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_17" title="Apollo 17">17</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunokhod_1" title="Lunokhod 1">Lunokhod 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunokhod_2" title="Lunokhod 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yutu_(rover)" title="Yutu (rover)">Yutu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pragyan_(Chandrayaan-2)" title="Pragyan (Chandrayaan-2)">Pragyan (Chandrayaan-2)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pragyan_(Chandrayaan-3)" title="Pragyan (Chandrayaan-3)">(Chandrayaan-3)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_Lander_for_Investigating_Moon#Lunar_Excursion_Vehicle_1" title="Smart Lander for Investigating Moon">LEV-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_Lander_for_Investigating_Moon#Lunar_Excursion_Vehicle_2" title="Smart Lander for Investigating Moon">LEV-2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sora-Q" title="Sora-Q">Sora-Q</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_6" title="Chang'e 6">Jinchan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Sample-return_mission" title="Sample-return mission">Sample return</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_12" title="Apollo 12">12</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_14" title="Apollo 14">14</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15" title="Apollo 15">15</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_16" title="Apollo 16">16</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_17" title="Apollo 17">17</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_16" title="Luna 16">Luna 16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_20" title="Luna 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_24" title="Luna 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_5" title="Chang'e 5">Chang'e 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_6" title="Chang'e 6">6</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Failed landings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beresheet" title="Beresheet">Beresheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirates_Lunar_Mission" title="Emirates Lunar Mission">Emirates Lunar Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakuto-R_Mission_1" title="Hakuto-R Mission 1">Hakuto-R M1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_5" title="Luna 5">Luna 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_7" title="Luna 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_8" title="Luna 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_15" title="Luna 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_18" title="Luna 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_25" title="Luna 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMOTENASHI" title="OMOTENASHI">OMOTENASHI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_2" title="Surveyor 2">Surveyor 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_4" title="Surveyor 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-2#Vikram_lander" title="Chandrayaan-2">Vikram</a> (Chandrayaan-2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peregrine_Mission_One" title="Peregrine Mission One">Peregrine Mission One</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Lunar_flybys" title="Category:Lunar flybys">Flybys</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Memorial_Moon_Mission" title="Manfred Memorial Moon Mission">4M</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_13" title="Apollo 13">Apollo 13</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_5-T1" title="Chang'e 5-T1">Chang'e 5-T1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geotail" title="Geotail">Geotail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_project" title="Galileo project">Galileo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Cometary_Explorer" title="International Cometary Explorer">ICE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_4#Microsatellites" title="Chang'e 4">Longjiang-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_1" title="Luna 1">Luna 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_3" title="Luna 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_4" title="Luna 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_6" title="Luna 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Polar_Hydrogen_Mapper" title="Lunar Polar Hydrogen Mapper">LunaH-Map</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Flashlight" title="Lunar Flashlight">Lunar Flashlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_IceCube" title="Lunar IceCube">Lunar IceCube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LunIR" title="LunIR">LunIR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariner_10" title="Mariner 10">Mariner 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_Asteroid_Scout" title="Near-Earth Asteroid Scout">NEA Scout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nozomi_(spacecraft)" title="Nozomi (spacecraft)">Nozomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_4" title="Pioneer 4">Pioneer 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_5" title="Ranger 5">Ranger 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STEREO" title="STEREO">STEREO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transiting_Exoplanet_Survey_Satellite" title="Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite">TESS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilkinson_Microwave_Anisotropy_Probe" title="Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe">WMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_(spacecraft)" title="Wind (spacecraft)">Wind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zond_3" title="Zond 3">Zond 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zond_5" title="Zond 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zond_6" title="Zond 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zond_7" title="Zond 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zond_8" title="Zond 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PAS-22" title="PAS-22">PAS-22</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">Planned<br />missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Artemis_program" title="Artemis program">Artemis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Artemis_II" title="Artemis II">Artemis II</a></i> (2025)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Gateway" title="Lunar Gateway">Lunar Gateway</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artemis_III" title="Artemis III">Artemis III</a></i> (2026)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artemis_IV" title="Artemis IV">Artemis IV</a></i> (2028)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artemis_V" title="Artemis V">Artemis V</a></i> (2030)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artemis_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="Artemis VI">Artemis VI</a></i> (2031)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artemis_VII" class="mw-redirect" title="Artemis VII">Artemis VII</a></i> (2032)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artemis_VIII" class="mw-redirect" title="Artemis VIII">Artemis VIII</a></i> (2033)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Lunar_Payload_Services" title="Commercial Lunar Payload Services">CLPS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Firefly_Aerospace_Blue_Ghost" title="Firefly Aerospace Blue Ghost">Firefly Aerospace Blue Ghost</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IM-2" title="IM-2">IM-2</a> (2025) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Trailblazer" title="Lunar Trailblazer">Lunar Trailblazer</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Luna-Glob" title="Luna-Glob">Luna-Glob</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luna_26" title="Luna 26">Luna 26</a> (2027)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_27" title="Luna 27">Luna 27</a> (2028)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_28" title="Luna 28">Luna 28</a> (2030)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luna_29&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luna 29 (page does not exist)">Luna 29</a> (2030s)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luna_30&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luna 30 (page does not exist)">Luna 30</a> (2030s)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luna_31&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luna 31 (page does not exist)">Luna 31</a> (2030s)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Lunar_Exploration_Program" title="Chinese Lunar Exploration Program">CLEP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_7" title="Chang'e 7">Chang'e 7</a> (2026)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_8" title="Chang'e 8">Chang'e 8</a> (2028)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan_programme" title="Chandrayaan programme">Chandrayaan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-4" title="Chandrayaan-4">Chandrayaan-4</a> (2027)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Polar_Exploration_Mission" title="Lunar Polar Exploration Mission">Chandrayaan-5 (LUPEX)</a> (2028)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hakuto-R_Mission_2" title="Hakuto-R Mission 2">Hakuto-R M2</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beresheet_2" title="Beresheet 2">Beresheet 2</a> (2025)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ispace_(Japanese_company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ispace (Japanese company)">ispace M3</a> (2026)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Pathfinder" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunar Pathfinder">Lunar Pathfinder</a> (2026)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DESTINY%2B" title="DESTINY+">DESTINY<sup>+</sup></a> (2028)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cislunar_Explorers" title="Cislunar Explorers">Cislunar Explorers</a> (2020s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_Escape_Explorer" title="Earth Escape Explorer">CU-E<sup>3</sup></a> (2020s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrobotic_Technology#Rovers" title="Astrobotic Technology">MoonRanger</a> (2020s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argonaut_(lunar_lander)" title="Argonaut (lunar lander)">Argonaut M1</a> (2031)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Lunar_Research_Station" title="International Lunar Research Station">International Lunar Research Station</a> (2030s)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">Proposed<br />missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Robotic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_Transportation_Systems" title="Planetary Transportation Systems">ALINA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draper_Laboratory#Commercial_Lunar_Payload_Services" title="Draper Laboratory">Artemis-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Moon_(spacecraft)" title="Blue Moon (spacecraft)">Blue Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BOLAS_(spacecraft)" title="BOLAS (spacecraft)">BOLAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garat%C3%A9a-L" title="Garatéa-L">Garatéa-L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISOCHRON_(spacecraft)" title="ISOCHRON (spacecraft)">ISOCHRON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LunaNet" title="LunaNet">LunaNet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Crater_Radio_Telescope" title="Lunar Crater Radio Telescope">Lunar Crater Radio Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCandless_Lunar_Lander" title="McCandless Lunar Lander">McCandless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_Diver_(spacecraft)" title="Moon Diver (spacecraft)">Moon Diver</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Crewed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/DSE-Alpha" title="DSE-Alpha">DSE-Alpha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Lunar_Lander" title="Boeing Lunar Lander">Boeing Lunar Lander</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_Lunar_Lander" title="Lockheed Martin Lunar Lander">Lockheed Martin Lunar Lander</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Orbital_Station" title="Lunar Orbital Station">Lunar Orbital Station</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">Cancelled /<br />concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Altair_(spacecraft)" title="Altair (spacecraft)">Altair</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg_1" title="Baden-Württemberg 1">Baden-Württemberg 1</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/DearMoon_project" title="DearMoon project">#dearMoon project</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Lunar_Explorer" title="European Lunar Explorer">European Lunar Explorer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Lunar_Outpost" title="First Lunar Outpost">First Lunar Outpost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Lunar_Network" title="International Lunar Network">International Lunar Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LEO_(spacecraft)" title="LEO (spacecraft)">LEO</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/LK_(spacecraft)" title="LK (spacecraft)">LK</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar-A" title="Lunar-A">Lunar-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Lander_(spacecraft)" title="Lunar Lander (spacecraft)">Lunar Lander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Mission_One" title="Lunar Mission One">Lunar Mission One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_Observer_program" title="Planetary Observer program">Lunar Observer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunokhod_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunokhod 3">Lunokhod 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MoonLITE" title="MoonLITE">MoonLITE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MoonRise" title="MoonRise">MoonRise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OrbitBeyond" title="OrbitBeyond">OrbitBeyond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Harvest_Moon" title="Project Harvest Moon">Project Harvest Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prospector_(spacecraft)" title="Prospector (spacecraft)">Prospector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resource_Prospector_(rover)" class="mw-redirect" title="Resource Prospector (rover)">Resource Prospector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SELENE-2" title="SELENE-2">SELENE-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrselena" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrselena">Ukrselena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masten_Space_Systems#XL-1" title="Masten Space Systems">XL-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIPER_(rover)" title="VIPER (rover)">VIPER</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colonization_of_the_Moon" title="Colonization of the Moon">Colonization of the Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Lunar_X_Prize" title="Google Lunar X Prize">Google Lunar X Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lunar_probes" title="List of lunar probes">List of lunar probes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_missions_to_the_Moon" title="List of missions to the Moon">List of missions to the Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_artificial_objects_on_the_Moon" title="List of artificial objects on the Moon">List of artificial objects on the Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_species_that_have_landed_on_the_Moon" title="List of species that have landed on the Moon">List of species that have landed on the Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_resources" title="Lunar resources">Lunar resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fe,_Fi,_Fo,_Fum,_and_Phooey" title="Fe, Fi, Fo, Fum, and Phooey">Apollo 17 Moon mice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_landing_conspiracy_theories" title="Moon landing conspiracy theories">Moon landing conspiracy theories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third-party_evidence_for_Apollo_Moon_landings" title="Third-party evidence for Apollo Moon landings">Third-party evidence for Apollo Moon landings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11_anniversaries" title="Apollo 11 anniversaries">Apollo 11 anniversaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_crewed_lunar_landers" title="List of crewed lunar landers">List of crewed lunar landers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><div> <ul><li>Missions are ordered by launch date. Crewed missions are in <i>italics</i>.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="←_1970Orbital_launches_in_19711972_→" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Orbital_launches_in_1971" title="Template:Orbital launches in 1971"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Orbital_launches_in_1971" title="Template talk:Orbital launches in 1971"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital_launches_in_1971" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital launches in 1971"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="←_1970Orbital_launches_in_19711972_→" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div style="float: left;"><a href="/wiki/1970_in_spaceflight" title="1970 in spaceflight">← 1970</a></div><a href="/wiki/1971_in_spaceflight" title="1971 in spaceflight"><span class="vevent"><span class="summary">Orbital launches in <span class="dtstart">1971</span></span></span></a><div style="float: right;"><a href="/wiki/1972_in_spaceflight" title="1972 in spaceflight">1972 →</a></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_390&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 390 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 390</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_391" title="Kosmos 391">Kosmos 391</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteor_1-07&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteor 1-07 (page does not exist)">Meteor 1-07</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_392&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 392 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 392</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_7776&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 7776 (page does not exist)">OPS 7776</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelsat_IV_F-2" title="Intelsat IV F-2">Intelsat IV F-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_393" title="Kosmos 393">Kosmos 393</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Apollo_14" title="Apollo 14">Apollo 14</a></u></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NATO-2B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NATO-2B (page does not exist)">NATO-2B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_394" title="Kosmos 394">Kosmos 394</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tansei_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tansei 1 (page does not exist)">Tansei 1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_5268&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 5268 (page does not exist)">OPS 5268</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calsphere_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calsphere 3 (page does not exist)">Calsphere 3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calsphere_4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calsphere 4 (page does not exist)">Calsphere 4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calsphere_5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calsphere 5 (page does not exist)">Calsphere 5</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=KH-4B_No.1113&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KH-4B No.1113 (page does not exist)">KH-4B No.1113</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_395&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 395 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 395</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_396" title="Kosmos 396">Kosmos 396</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_397&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 397 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 397</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_398" title="Kosmos 398">Kosmos 398</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_399&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 399 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 399</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shijian_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shijian I (page does not exist)">Shijian I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=DS-P1-Yu_No.39&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DS-P1-Yu No.39 (page does not exist)">DS-P1-Yu No.39</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=March_1971_Voskhod_launch_failure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="March 1971 Voskhod launch failure (page does not exist)">Zenit-2M</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nauka_2KS_No.3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nauka 2KS No.3 (page does not exist)">Nauka 2KS No.3</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_43" title="Explorer 43">Explorer 43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_400" title="Kosmos 400">Kosmos 400</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_4788&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 4788 (page does not exist)">OPS 4788</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_5300&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 5300 (page does not exist)">OPS 5300</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_401&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 401 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 401</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISIS_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISIS 2 (page does not exist)">ISIS 2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_402&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 402 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 402</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_403&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 403 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 403</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_404&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 404 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 404</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_405&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 405 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 405</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_406&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 406 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 406</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tournesol_(satellite)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tournesol (satellite) (page does not exist)">Tournesol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteor_1-08&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteor 1-08 (page does not exist)">Meteor 1-08</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salyut_1" title="Salyut 1">Salyut 1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_7899&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 7899 (page does not exist)">OPS 7899</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_10" title="Soyuz 10">Soyuz 10</a></u></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_407&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 407 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 407</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Marco_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Marco 3 (page does not exist)">San Marco 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_408" title="Kosmos 408">Kosmos 408</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_409&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 409 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 409</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_3811&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 3811 (page does not exist)">OPS 3811</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_410&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 410 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 410</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_411&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 411 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 411</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_412&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 412 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 412</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_413&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 413 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 413</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_414&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 414 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 414</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_415&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 415 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 415</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_416&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 416 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 416</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_417&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 417 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 417</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_418&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 418 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 418</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mariner_8" title="Mariner 8">Mariner 8</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_419" title="Kosmos 419">Kosmos 419</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_420&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 420 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 420</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_421" title="Kosmos 421">Kosmos 421</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_2" title="Mars 2">Mars 2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_422&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 422 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 422</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_423" title="Kosmos 423">Kosmos 423</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_424&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 424 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 424</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_3" title="Mars 3">Mars 3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_424&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 424 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 424</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariner_9" title="Mariner 9">Mariner 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_426" title="Kosmos 426">Kosmos 426</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_11" title="Soyuz 11">Soyuz 11</a></u></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SESP-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SESP-1 (page does not exist)">SESP-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_427&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 427 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 427</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_8709&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 8709 (page does not exist)">OPS 8709</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_428&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 428 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 428</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=June_1975_Voskhod_launch_failure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="June 1975 Voskhod launch failure (page does not exist)">Zenit-2M</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=N1_N6L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N1 N6L (page does not exist)">Soyuz 7K-LOK mockup</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_44" class="mw-redirect" title="Explorer 44">Explorer 44</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteor_1-09&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteor 1-09 (page does not exist)">Meteor 1-09</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_8373&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 8373 (page does not exist)">OPS 8373</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_429&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 429 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 429</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos-3M_Yu149-32&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos-3M Yu149-32 (page does not exist)">Tselina-OM</a> </i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_430&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 430 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 430</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15" title="Apollo 15">Apollo 15</a></u> (<a href="/wiki/PFS-1" class="mw-redirect" title="PFS-1">PFS-1</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya_1-18&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya 1-18 (page does not exist)">Molniya 1-18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_431&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 431 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 431</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=DS-P1-Yu_No.33&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DS-P1-Yu No.33 (page does not exist)">DS-P1-Yu No.33</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_432&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 432 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 432</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OV1-20&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OV1-20 (page does not exist)">OV1-20</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=LOADS-2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LOADS-2 (page does not exist)">LOADS-2</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OV1-21&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OV1-21 (page does not exist)">OV1-21</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Radar_Tracking_Density_Satellite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radar Tracking Density Satellite (page does not exist)">RTDS</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lincoln_Calibration_Sphere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lincoln Calibration Sphere (page does not exist)">LCS 4</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gridsphere_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gridsphere 1 (page does not exist)">Gridsphere 1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gridsphere_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gridsphere 2 (page does not exist)">Gridsphere 2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gridsphere_B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gridsphere B (page does not exist)">Gridsphere B</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rigidsphere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rigidsphere (page does not exist)">Rigidsphere</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_433&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 433 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 433</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_434" title="Kosmos 434">Kosmos 434</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_8607&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 8607 (page does not exist)">OPS 8607</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eole_(satellite)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eole (satellite) (page does not exist)">Eole</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=August_1971_Voskhod_launch_failure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="August 1971 Voskhod launch failure (page does not exist)">Zenit-4M</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_435" title="Kosmos 435">Kosmos 435</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_18" title="Luna 18">Luna 18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_436&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 436 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 436</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_437&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 437 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 437</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_5454&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 5454 (page does not exist)">OPS 5454</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_7681&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 7681 (page does not exist)">OPS 7681</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_438&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 438 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 438</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_439&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 439 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 439</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_440" title="Kosmos 440">Kosmos 440</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shinsei_(satellite)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shinsei (satellite) (page does not exist)">Shinsei</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_441&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 441 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 441</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Luna 19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_7" title="OSO 7">OSO 7</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TETR-4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TETR-4 (page does not exist)">TETR-4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_442&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 442 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 442</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_443&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 443 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 443</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_444&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 444 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 444</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_445&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 445 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 445</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_446&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 446 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 446</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_447&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 447 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 447</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_448&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 448 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 448</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_449&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 449 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 449</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_450&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 450 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 450</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_451&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 451 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 451</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_4311&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 4311 (page does not exist)">OPS 4311</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_452&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 452 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 452</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Advanced_Space_Technology_Experiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Advanced Space Technology Experiment (page does not exist)">ASTEX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_453" title="Kosmos 453">Kosmos 453</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITOS-B" title="ITOS-B">ITOS-B</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_7616&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 7616 (page does not exist)">OPS 7616</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prospero_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Prospero (satellite)">Prospero</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_454&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 454 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 454</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_3431&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 3431 (page does not exist)">OPS 3431</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_9432&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 9432 (page does not exist)">OPS 9432</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=STV-4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="STV-4 (page does not exist)">STV-4</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_45" title="Explorer 45">Explorer 45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_455" title="Kosmos 455">Kosmos 455</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_456&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 456 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 456</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_457&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 457 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 457</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya_2-01&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya 2-01 (page does not exist)">Molniya 2-01</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_458" title="Kosmos 458">Kosmos 458</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_459" title="Kosmos 459">Kosmos 459</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_460&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 460 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 460</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Interkosmos_5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Interkosmos 5 (page does not exist)">Interkosmos 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_461" title="Kosmos 461">Kosmos 461</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_462&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 462 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 462</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=December_1971_Voskhod_launch_failure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="December 1971 Voskhod launch failure (page does not exist)">Zenit-2M</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nauka_5KS_No.2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nauka 5KS No.2 (page does not exist)">Nauka 5KS No.2</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atlas-Agena_5503A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atlas-Agena 5503A (page does not exist)">Canyon</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polaire_(satellite)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polaire (satellite) (page does not exist)">Polaire</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_463&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 463 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 463</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_464&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 464 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 464</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_4" title="Ariel 4">Ariel 4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_7898_Payload_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 7898 Payload 2 (page does not exist)">OPS 7898 PL-2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_7898_Payload_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 7898 Payload 1 (page does not exist)">OPS 7898 PL-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_7898_Payload_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 7898 Payload 3 (page does not exist)">OPS 7898 PL-3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_7898_Payload_4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 7898 Payload 4 (page does not exist)">OPS 7898 PL-4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_465&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 465 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 465</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_466&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 466 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 466</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_467" title="Kosmos 467">Kosmos 467</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_468&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 468 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 468</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya_1-19&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya 1-19 (page does not exist)">Molniya 1-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelsat_IV_F-3" title="Intelsat IV F-3">Intelsat IV F-3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_469&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 469 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 469</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_470&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 470 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 470</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oreol_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oreol 1 (page does not exist)">Oreol 1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteor_1-10&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteor 1-10 (page does not exist)">Meteor 1-10</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in <u>underline</u>. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in <i>italics</i>. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luna_19&oldid=1225513412">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luna_19&oldid=1225513412</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Luna_programme" title="Category:Luna programme">Luna programme</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1971_in_spaceflight" title="Category:1971 in spaceflight">1971 in spaceflight</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1971_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Category:1971 in the Soviet Union">1971 in the Soviet Union</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Satellites_orbiting_the_Moon" title="Category:Satellites orbiting the Moon">Satellites orbiting the Moon</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spacecraft_launched_in_1971" title="Category:Spacecraft launched in 1971">Spacecraft launched in 1971</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Non_Earth_orbiting_satellites_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Category:Non Earth orbiting satellites of the Soviet Union">Non Earth orbiting satellites of the Soviet Union</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_May_2020" title="Category:Use dmy dates from May 2020">Use dmy dates from May 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_August_2013" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from August 2013">Articles with unsourced statements from August 2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 24 May 2024, at 22:21<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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