CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: forensic handwriting analysis</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: forensic handwriting analysis"> <meta name="keywords" content="forensic handwriting analysis"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="forensic handwriting analysis" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="forensic handwriting analysis"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 28003</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: forensic handwriting analysis</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28003</span> The Forensic Analysis of Engravers' Handwriting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olivia%20Rybak-Karkosz">Olivia Rybak-Karkosz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to present the result of scientific research using forensic handwriting analysis. It was conducted to verify the stability and lability of handwriting of engravers and check if gravers transfer their traits from handwriting to plates and other surfaces they rework. This research methodology consisted of completing representative samples of signatures of gravers written on a piece of paper using a ballpen and signatures engraved on other surfaces. The forensic handwriting analysis was conducted using the graphic-comparative method (graphic method), and all traits were analysed. The paper contains a concluding statement of the similarities and differences between the samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artist%E2%80%99s%20signatures" title="artist’s signatures">artist’s signatures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engraving" title=" engraving"> engraving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20handwriting%20analysis" title=" forensic handwriting analysis"> forensic handwriting analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphic-comparative%20method" title=" graphic-comparative method"> graphic-comparative method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152839/the-forensic-analysis-of-engravers-handwriting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152839.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28002</span> The Forensic Handwriting Analysis of a Painter’s Signature: Claude Monet’s Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olivia%20Rybak-Karkosz">Olivia Rybak-Karkosz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper's purpose was to present a case study on a questioned Claude Monet's signature forensic handwriting analysis. It is an example taken from the author’s experience as a court handwriting expert. A comparative study was conducted to determine whether the signature resembles similarities (and if so, to what measure) with the features representing the writing patterns and their natural variability typical for Claude Monet. It was conducted to check whether all writing features are within the writer's normal range of variation. The paper emphasizes the difficulties and challenges encountered by the forensic handwriting expert while analysing the questioned signature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artist%E2%80%99s%20signatures" title="artist’s signatures">artist’s signatures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authenticity%20of%20an%20artwork" title=" authenticity of an artwork"> authenticity of an artwork</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20handwriting%20analysis" title=" forensic handwriting analysis"> forensic handwriting analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphic-comparative%20method" title=" graphic-comparative method"> graphic-comparative method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152843/the-forensic-handwriting-analysis-of-a-painters-signature-claude-monets-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152843.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28001</span> A Meta-Analysis of Handwriting and Visual-Motor Integration (VMI): The Moderating Effect of Handwriting Dimensions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Lu">Hong Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xin%20Chen"> Xin Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengcheng%20Fan"> Zhengcheng Fan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Prior research has claimed a close association between handwriting and mathematics attainment with the help of spatial cognition. However, the exact mechanism behind this relationship remains un-investigated. Focusing on visual-motor integration (VMI), one critical spatial skill, this meta-analysis aims to estimate the size of the handwriting- visual-motor integration relationship and examine the moderating effect of handwriting dimensions on the link. With a random effect model, a medium relation (r=.26, 95%CI [.22, .30]) between handwriting and VMI was summarized in 38 studies with 55 unique samples and 141 effect sizes. Findings suggested handwriting dimensions significantly moderated the handwriting- VMI relationship, with handwriting legibility showing a substantial correlation with VMI, but neither handwriting speed nor pressure. Identifying the essential relationship between handwriting legibility and VMI, this study adds to the literature about the key cognitive processing needs underlying handwriting, and spatial cognition thus highlights the cognitive mechanism regarding handwriting, spatial cognition, and mathematics performances. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handwriting" title="handwriting">handwriting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual-motor%20integration" title=" visual-motor integration"> visual-motor integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legibility" title=" legibility"> legibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meta-analysis" title=" meta-analysis"> meta-analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150140/a-meta-analysis-of-handwriting-and-visual-motor-integration-vmi-the-moderating-effect-of-handwriting-dimensions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150140.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28000</span> The Family Resemblance in the Handwriting of Painters: Jacek and Rafał Malczewski’s Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olivia%20Rybak-Karkosz">Olivia Rybak-Karkosz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to present the results of scientific research on family resemblance in the handwriting of painters. Such a problem is known in handwriting analysis, but it was never a research subject in the scope of painters' signatures on works of art. For this research, the author chose Jacek, and Rafał Malczewski (father and son) as many of their paintings are in museums, and most of them are signed. The aim was to create a catalogue of traits similar to the handwriting of both artists. Such data could be helpful for the expert’s opinion in the decision-making process to establish whether the signature is authentic and, if so, whether it is the artist whose signature is analysed, not the other family member. There are known examples of relatives of the artists who signed their works. Many of them were artists themselves. For instance Andrzej Wróblewski’s mother, Krystyna was a printmaker. To save his legacy, she signed many of her son’s works after his death using his name. This research methodology consisted of completing representative samples of signatures of both artists, which were collected in selected Polish museums. Then a catalogue of traits was created using a forensic handwriting graphic-comparative method (graphic method). The paper contains a concluding statement that it could be one of the elements of research in an expert’s analysis of the authenticity of the signature on paintings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artist%E2%80%99s%20signatures" title="artist’s signatures">artist’s signatures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authenticity%20of%20an%20artwork" title=" authenticity of an artwork"> authenticity of an artwork</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20handwriting%20analysis" title=" forensic handwriting analysis"> forensic handwriting analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphic-comparative%20method" title=" graphic-comparative method"> graphic-comparative method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152838/the-family-resemblance-in-the-handwriting-of-painters-jacek-and-rafal-malczewskis-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152838.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27999</span> The Reproducibility and Repeatability of Modified Likelihood Ratio for Forensics Handwriting Examination</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Abiodun%20Adeyinka">O. Abiodun Adeyinka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Adeyemo%20Adesesan"> B. Adeyemo Adesesan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The forensic use of handwriting depends on the analysis, comparison, and evaluation decisions made by forensic document examiners. When using biometric technology in forensic applications, it is necessary to compute Likelihood Ratio (LR) for quantifying strength of evidence under two competing hypotheses, namely the prosecution and the defense hypotheses wherein a set of assumptions and methods for a given data set will be made. It is therefore important to know how repeatable and reproducible our estimated LR is. This paper evaluated the accuracy and reproducibility of examiners' decisions. Confidence interval for the estimated LR were presented so as not get an incorrect estimate that will be used to deliver wrong judgment in the court of Law. The estimate of LR is fundamentally a Bayesian concept and we used two LR estimators, namely Logistic Regression (LoR) and Kernel Density Estimator (KDE) for this paper. The repeatability evaluation was carried out by retesting the initial experiment after an interval of six months to observe whether examiners would repeat their decisions for the estimated LR. The experimental results, which are based on handwriting dataset, show that LR has different confidence intervals which therefore implies that LR cannot be estimated with the same certainty everywhere. Though the LoR performed better than the KDE when tested using the same dataset, the two LR estimators investigated showed a consistent region in which LR value can be estimated confidently. These two findings advance our understanding of LR when used in computing the strength of evidence in handwriting using forensics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confidence%20interval" title="confidence interval">confidence interval</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handwriting" title=" handwriting"> handwriting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kernel%20density%20estimator" title=" kernel density estimator"> kernel density estimator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KDE" title=" KDE"> KDE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logistic%20regression%20LoR" title=" logistic regression LoR"> logistic regression LoR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=repeatability" title=" repeatability"> repeatability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reproducibility" title=" reproducibility"> reproducibility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126833/the-reproducibility-and-repeatability-of-modified-likelihood-ratio-for-forensics-handwriting-examination" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27998</span> Forensic Methods Used for the Verification of the Authenticity of Prints</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olivia%20Rybak-Karkosz">Olivia Rybak-Karkosz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to present the results of scientific research on methods of forging art prints and their elements, such as signature or provenance and forensic science methods that might be used to verify their authenticity. In the last decades, the art market has observed significant interest in purchasing prints. They are considered an economical alternative to paintings and a considerable investment. However, the authenticity of an art print is difficult to establish as similar visual effects might be achieved with drawings or xerox. The latter is easy to make using a home printer. They are then offered on flea markets or internet auctions as genuine prints. This probable ease of forgery and, at the same time, the difficulty of distinguishing art print techniques were the main reasons why this research was undertaken. A lack of scientific methods dedicated to disclosing a forgery encouraged the author to verify the possibility of using forensic science's methods known and used in other fields of expertise. This research methodology consisted of completing representative forgery samples collected in selected museums based in Poland and a few in Germany and Austria. That allowed the author to present a typology of methods used to forge art prints. Given that one of the most famous graphic design examples is bills and securities, it seems only appropriate to propose in print verification the usage of methods of detecting counterfeit currency. These methods contain an examination of ink, paper, and watermarks. On prints, additionally, signatures and imprints of stamps, etc., are forged as well. So the examination should be completed with handwriting examination and forensic sphragistics. The paper contains a stipulation to conduct a complex analysis of authenticity with the participation of an art restorer, art historian, and forensic expert as head of this team. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=art%20forgery" title="art forgery">art forgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=examination%20of%20an%20artwork" title=" examination of an artwork"> examination of an artwork</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handwriting%20analysis" title=" handwriting analysis"> handwriting analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prints" title=" prints"> prints</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152763/forensic-methods-used-for-the-verification-of-the-authenticity-of-prints" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152763.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27997</span> Study of Pre-Handwriting Factors Necessary for Successful Handwriting in Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lalitchandra%20J.%20Shah">Lalitchandra J. Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katarzyna%20Bialek"> Katarzyna Bialek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melinda%20L.%20Clarke"> Melinda L. Clarke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessica%20L.%20Jansson"> Jessica L. Jansson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Handwriting is essential to academic success; however, the current literature is limited in the identification of pre-handwriting skills. The purpose of this study was to identify the pre-handwriting skills, which occupational therapy practitioners deem important to handwriting success, as well as those which aid in intervention planning. The online survey instrument consisted of 33 questions that assessed various skills related to the development of handwriting, as well as captured demographic information. Both occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants were included in the survey study. The survey found that the respondents were in agreement that purposeful scribbling, the ability of a child to copy (vertical/horizontal lines, circle, squares, and triangles), imitating an oblique cross, cognitive skills (attention, praxis, self-regulation, sequencing), grasp patterns, hand dominance, in hand manipulation skills (shift, translation, rotation), bilateral integration, stabilization of paper, crossing midline, and visual perception were important indicators of handwriting readiness. The results of the survey support existing research regarding the skills necessary for the successful development of handwriting in children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title="development">development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handwriting" title=" handwriting"> handwriting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20therapy" title=" occupational therapy"> occupational therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20perceptual%20skills" title=" visual perceptual skills"> visual perceptual skills</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39571/study-of-pre-handwriting-factors-necessary-for-successful-handwriting-in-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39571.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27996</span> Intersubjectivity of Forensic Handwriting Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marta%20Nawrocka">Marta Nawrocka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In each of the legal proceedings, in which expert evidence is carried out, a major concern is the assessment of the evidential value of expert reports. Judicial institutions, while making decisions, rely heavily on the expert reports, because they usually do not possess 'special knowledge' from a certain fields of science which makes it impossible for them to verify the results presented in the processes. In handwriting studies, the standards of analysis are developed. They unify procedures used by experts in comparing signs and in constructing expert reports. However, the methods used by experts are usually of a qualitative nature. They rely on the application of knowledge and experience of expert and in effect give significant range of margin in the assessment. Moreover, the standards used by experts are still not very precise and the process of reaching the conclusions is poorly understood. The above-mentioned circumstances indicate that expert opinions in the field of handwriting analysis, for many reasons, may not be sufficiently reliable. It is assumed that this state of affairs has its source in a very low level of intersubjectivity of measuring scales and analysis procedures, which consist elements of this kind of analysis. Intersubjectivity is a feature of cognition which (in relation to methods) indicates the degree of consistency of results that different people receive using the same method. The higher the level of intersubjectivity is, the more reliable and credible the method can be considered. The aim of the conducted research was to determine the degree of intersubjectivity of the methods used by the experts from the scope of handwriting analysis. 30 experts took part in the study and each of them received two signatures, with varying degrees of readability, for analysis. Their task was to distinguish graphic characteristics in the signature, estimate the evidential value of the found characteristics and estimate the evidential value of the signature. The obtained results were compared with each other using the Alpha Krippendorff’s statistic, which numerically determines the degree of compatibility of the results (assessments) that different people receive under the same conditions using the same method. The estimation of the degree of compatibility of the experts' results for each of these tasks allowed to determine the degree of intersubjectivity of the studied method. The study showed that during the analysis, the experts identified different signature characteristics and attributed different evidential value to them. In this scope, intersubjectivity turned out to be low. In addition, it turned out that experts in various ways called and described the same characteristics, and the language used was often inconsistent and imprecise. Thus, significant differences have been noted on the basis of language and applied nomenclature. On the other hand, experts attributed a similar evidential value to the entire signature (set of characteristics), which indicates that in this range, they were relatively consistent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20sciences%20experts" title="forensic sciences experts">forensic sciences experts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handwriting%20analysis" title=" handwriting analysis"> handwriting analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inter-rater%20reliability" title=" inter-rater reliability"> inter-rater reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20of%20methods" title=" reliability of methods"> reliability of methods</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88901/intersubjectivity-of-forensic-handwriting-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27995</span> Cursive Handwriting in an Internet Age</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20Armstrong">Karen Armstrong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recent concerns about the value of teaching cursive handwriting in the classroom are based on the belief that cursive handwriting or penmanship is an outdated and unnecessary skill in today’s online world. The discussion of this issue begins with a description of current initiatives to eliminate handwriting instruction in schools. This is followed by a brief history of cursive writing through the ages. Next considered is a description of its benefits as a preliminary process for younger children as compared with immediate instruction in keyboarding, particularly in the areas of vision, cognition, motor skills and automatic fluency. Also considered, is cursive’s companion, paper itself, and the impact of a paperless, “screen and keyboard” environment. The discussion concludes with a consideration of the unique contributions of cursive and keyboarding as written forms of communication, along with their respective surfaces, paper and screen. Finally, an assessment of the practical utility of each skill is followed by an informal assessment of what is lost and what remains as we move from a predominantly paper and pen world of handwriting to texting and keyboarding in an environment of screens. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asemic%20writing" title="asemic writing">asemic writing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cursive" title=" cursive"> cursive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handwriting" title=" handwriting"> handwriting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=keyboarding" title=" keyboarding"> keyboarding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paper" title=" paper"> paper</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18160/cursive-handwriting-in-an-internet-age" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18160.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27994</span> Handwriting Velocity Modeling by Artificial Neural Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Aymen%20Slim">Mohamed Aymen Slim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afef%20Abdelkrim"> Afef Abdelkrim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Benrejeb"> Mohamed Benrejeb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The handwriting is a physical demonstration of a complex cognitive process learnt by man since his childhood. People with disabilities or suffering from various neurological diseases are facing so many difficulties resulting from problems located at the muscle stimuli (EMG) or signals from the brain (EEG) and which arise at the stage of writing. The handwriting velocity of the same writer or different writers varies according to different criteria: age, attitude, mood, writing surface, etc. Therefore, it is interesting to reconstruct an experimental basis records taking, as primary reference, the writing speed for different writers which would allow studying the global system during handwriting process. This paper deals with a new approach of the handwriting system modeling based on the velocity criterion through the concepts of artificial neural networks, precisely the Radial Basis Functions (RBF) neural networks. The obtained simulation results show a satisfactory agreement between responses of the developed neural model and the experimental data for various letters and forms then the efficiency of the proposed approaches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Electro%20Myo%20Graphic%20%28EMG%29%20signals" title="Electro Myo Graphic (EMG) signals">Electro Myo Graphic (EMG) signals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimental%20approach" title=" experimental approach"> experimental approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handwriting%20process" title=" handwriting process"> handwriting process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radial%20Basis%20Functions%20%28RBF%29%20neural%20networks" title=" Radial Basis Functions (RBF) neural networks"> Radial Basis Functions (RBF) neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20modeling" title=" velocity modeling"> velocity modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10496/handwriting-velocity-modeling-by-artificial-neural-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10496.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27993</span> Nanotechnolgy for Energy Harvesting Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eiman%20Nour">Eiman Nour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rising interest in harvesting power is because of the capabilities application of expanding self-powered systems based on nanostructures. Using renewable and self-powered sources is necessary for the growth of green electronics and could be of the capability to wireless sensor networks. The ambient mechanical power is among the ample sources for various power harvesting device configurations that are published. In this work, we design and fabricate a paper-based nanogenerator (NG) utilizing piezoelectric zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs) grown hydrothermally on a paper substrate. The fabricated NG can harvest ambient mechanical energy from various kinds of human motions, such as handwriting. The fabricated NG from a single ZnO NWs/PVDF-TrFE NG has been used firstly as handwriting-driven NG. The mechanical pressure applied on the paper platform while handwriting is harvested by the NG to deliver electrical energy; depending on the mode of handwriting, a maximum harvested voltage of 4.8 V was obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanostructure" title="nanostructure">nanostructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc%20oxide" title=" zinc oxide"> zinc oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanogenerator" title=" nanogenerator"> nanogenerator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20harvesting" title=" energy harvesting"> energy harvesting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173463/nanotechnolgy-for-energy-harvesting-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173463.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27992</span> An Enhanced Digital Forensic Model for Internet of Things Forensic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tina%20Wu">Tina Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Martin"> Andrew Martin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) brings a new level of threat. Attacks on IoT are already being used by criminals to form botnets, launch Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) and distribute malware. This opens a whole new digital forensic arena to develop forensic methodologies in order to have the capability to investigate IoT related crimes. However, existing proposed IoT forensic models are still premature requiring further improvement and validation, many lack details on the acquisition and analysis phase. This paper proposes an enhanced theoretical IoT digital forensic model focused on identifying and acquiring the main sources of evidence in a methodical way. In addition, this paper presents a theoretical acquisition framework of the different stages required in order to be capable of acquiring evidence from IoT devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acquisition" title="acquisition">acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Internet%20of%20Things" title=" Internet of Things"> Internet of Things</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title=" model"> model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zoning" title=" zoning"> zoning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76982/an-enhanced-digital-forensic-model-for-internet-of-things-forensic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76982.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27991</span> Corruption and Economic Performance in Nigeria: The Role of Forensic Accounting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamila%20Garba%20Audu">Jamila Garba Audu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Adamu"> Peter Adamu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the role of forensic accounting in the fight against corruption in Nigeria for better utilization of public funds and economic growth and development of the Country. We adopted a trend analysis to show the performance of the Nigerian economy as well as the quality of institutions which government economic and political activities in the country. It is an established fact that Nigeria has performed badly since the 1960s to date in terms of institutional quality and economic development despite large amount of money obtained from the export of crude oil. It was revealed also that the fight against corruption has not been very successful in recent times because experts in the field of forensic accounting have not been utilized. With the successes recorded in dealing with fraud and embezzlement using forensic accounting, it has become imperative for the EFCC to use forensic accountants in the fight against corruption in the country. Also, there is the need to introduce very seriously, the teaching of forensic accounting in Nigerian Universities to train experts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corruption" title="corruption">corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20performance" title=" economic performance"> economic performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20accounting" title=" forensic accounting"> forensic accounting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54077/corruption-and-economic-performance-in-nigeria-the-role-of-forensic-accounting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54077.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27990</span> Forensic Imaging as an Effective Learning Tool for Teaching Forensic Pathology to Undergraduate Medical Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasudeva%20Murthy%20Challakere%20Ramaswamy">Vasudeva Murthy Challakere Ramaswamy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Conventionally forensic pathology is learnt through autopsy demonstrations which carry various limitations such as unavailability of cases in the mortuary, medico-legal implication and infection. Over the years forensic pathology and science has undergone significant evolution in this digital world. Forensic imaging is a technology which can be effectively utilized for overcoming the current limitations in the undergraduate learning of forensic curriculum. Materials and methods: demonstration of forensic imaging was done using a novel technology of autopsy which has been recently introduced across the globe. Three sessions were conducted in international medical university for a total of 196 medical students. The innovative educational tool was evacuated by using quantitative questionnaire with the scoring scales between 1 to 10. Results: The mean score for acceptance of new tool was 82% and about 74% of the students recommended incorporation of the forensic imaging in the regular curriculum. 82% of students were keen on collaborative research and taking further training courses in forensic imaging. Conclusion: forensic imaging can be an effective tool and also a suitable alternative for teaching undergraduate students. This feedback also supports the fact that students favour the use of contemporary technologies in learning medicine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20imaging" title="forensic imaging">forensic imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20pathology" title=" forensic pathology"> forensic pathology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20students" title=" medical students"> medical students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20tool" title=" learning tool"> learning tool</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11591/forensic-imaging-as-an-effective-learning-tool-for-teaching-forensic-pathology-to-undergraduate-medical-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11591.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">480</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27989</span> Transcription Skills and Written Composition in Chinese</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pui-sze%20Yeung">Pui-sze Yeung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Connie%20Suk-han%20Ho"> Connie Suk-han Ho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Wai-ock%20Chan"> David Wai-ock Chan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Kien-hoa%20Chung"> Kevin Kien-hoa Chung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Recent findings have shown that transcription skills play a unique and significant role in Chinese word reading and spelling (i.e. word dictation), and written composition development. The interrelationships among component skills of transcription, word reading, word spelling, and written composition in Chinese have rarely been examined in the literature. Is the contribution of component skills of transcription to Chinese written composition mediated by word level skills (i.e., word reading and spelling)? Methods: The participants in the study were 249 Chinese children in Grade 1, Grade 3, and Grade 5 in Hong Kong. They were administered measures of general reasoning ability, orthographic knowledge, stroke sequence knowledge, word spelling, handwriting fluency, word reading, and Chinese narrative writing. Orthographic knowledge- orthographic knowledge was assessed by a task modeled after the lexical decision subtest of the Hong Kong Test of Specific Learning Difficulties in Reading and Writing (HKT-SpLD). Stroke sequence knowledge: The participants’ performance in producing legitimate stroke sequences was measured by a stroke sequence knowledge task. Handwriting fluency- Handwriting fluency was assessed by a task modeled after the Chinese Handwriting Speed Test. Word spelling: The stimuli of the word spelling task consist of fourteen two-character Chinese words. Word reading: The stimuli of the word reading task consist of 120 two-character Chinese words. Written composition: A narrative writing task was used to assess the participants’ text writing skills. Results: Analysis of covariance results showed that there were significant between-grade differences in the performance of word reading, word spelling, handwriting fluency, and written composition. Preliminary hierarchical multiple regression analysis results showed that orthographic knowledge, word spelling, and handwriting fluency were unique predictors of Chinese written composition even after controlling for age, IQ, and word reading. The interaction effects between grade and each of these three skills (orthographic knowledge, word spelling, and handwriting fluency) were not significant. Path analysis results showed that orthographic knowledge contributed to written composition both directly and indirectly through word spelling, while handwriting fluency contributed to written composition directly and indirectly through both word reading and spelling. Stroke sequence knowledge only contributed to written composition indirectly through word spelling. Conclusions: Preliminary hierarchical regression results were consistent with previous findings about the significant role of transcription skills in Chinese word reading, spelling and written composition development. The fact that orthographic knowledge contributed both directly and indirectly to written composition through word reading and spelling may reflect the impact of the script-sound-meaning convergence of Chinese characters on the composing process. The significant contribution of word spelling and handwriting fluency to Chinese written composition across elementary grades highlighted the difficulty in attaining automaticity of transcription skills in Chinese, which limits the working memory resources available for other composing processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthographic%20knowledge" title="orthographic knowledge">orthographic knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transcription%20skills" title=" transcription skills"> transcription skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=word%20reading" title=" word reading"> word reading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=writing" title=" writing"> writing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32659/transcription-skills-and-written-composition-in-chinese" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32659.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27988</span> Forensics Linguistics and Phonetics: The Analysis of Language to Support Investigations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreas%20Aceranti">Andreas Aceranti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simonetta%20Vernocchi"> Simonetta Vernocchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marco%20Colorato"> Marco Colorato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaoutar%20Filahi"> Kaoutar Filahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was inspired by the necessity of giving forensic linguistics and phonetics more and more importance and the intention to explore those topics in an attempt to understand what the role of these disciplines really is in investigations of any nature. The goal is to analyze what are the achievements that those subjects have been able to reach, and what contribution they gave to the legal world; the analysis and study of those topics are supported by the recounting of real cases that have included forensic and phonetic linguistics. One of the most relevant cases is that of the Unabomber, an investigation that brought to light the importance and highlighted the importance this matter can have in difficult and time-consuming cases such as the one we have here. We also focus on the areas of expertise of those new branches of applied linguistics, focusing on what is the use of this new discipline in Italy and abroad and showing what could be the possible improvements that the Italian state could apply in order to be able to catch up with countries like Great Britain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20linguistic" title="forensic linguistic">forensic linguistic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20phonetics" title=" forensic phonetics"> forensic phonetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investigation" title=" investigation"> investigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criminalistics" title=" criminalistics"> criminalistics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160312/forensics-linguistics-and-phonetics-the-analysis-of-language-to-support-investigations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160312.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27987</span> Importance of New Policies of Process Management for Internet of Things Based on Forensic Investigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Venkata%20Venugopal%20Rao%20Gudlur">Venkata Venugopal Rao Gudlur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Proposed Policies referred to as “SOP”, on the Internet of Things (IoT) based Forensic Investigation into Process Management is the latest revolution to save time and quick solution for investigators. The forensic investigation process has been developed over many years from time to time it has been given the required information with no policies in investigation processes. This research reveals that the current IoT based forensic investigation into Process Management based is more connected to devices which is the latest revolution and policies. All future development in real-time information on gathering monitoring is evolved with smart sensor-based technologies connected directly to IoT. This paper present conceptual framework on process management. The smart devices are leading the way in terms of automated forensic models and frameworks established by different scholars. These models and frameworks were mostly focused on offering a roadmap for performing forensic operations with no policies in place. These initiatives would bring a tremendous benefit to process management and IoT forensic investigators proposing policies. The forensic investigation process may enhance more security and reduced data losses and vulnerabilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Internet%20of%20Things" title="Internet of Things">Internet of Things</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Process%20Management" title=" Process Management"> Process Management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Forensic%20Investigation" title=" Forensic Investigation"> Forensic Investigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M2M%20Framework" title=" M2M Framework"> M2M Framework</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154606/importance-of-new-policies-of-process-management-for-internet-of-things-based-on-forensic-investigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27986</span> The Conception of Implementation of Vision for European Forensic Science 2020 in Lithuania</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egl%C4%97%20Bilevi%C4%8Di%C5%ABt%C4%97">Eglė Bilevičiūtė</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vidmantas%20Egidijus%20Kurapka"> Vidmantas Egidijus Kurapka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Snieguol%C4%97%20Matulien%C4%97"> Snieguolė Matulienė</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sigut%C4%97%20Stankevi%C4%8Di%C5%ABt%C4%97"> Sigutė Stankevičiūtė</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Council of European Union (EU Council) has stressed on several occasions the need for a concerted, comprehensive and effective solution to delinquency problems in EU communities. In the context of establishing a European Forensic Science Area and the development of forensic science infrastructure in Europe, EU Council believes that forensic science can significantly contribute to the efficiency of law enforcement, crime prevention and combating crimes. Lithuanian scientists have consolidated to implement a project named “Conception of the vision for European Forensic Science 2020 implementation in Lithuania” (the project is funded for the period of 1 March 2014 - 31 December 2016) with the objective to create a conception of implementation of the vision for European Forensic Science 2020 in Lithuania by 1) evaluating the current status of Lithuania’s forensic system and opportunities for its improvement; 2) analysing achievements and knowledge in investigation of crimes listed in conclusions of EU Council on the vision for European Forensic Science 2020 including creation of a European Forensic Science Area and the development of forensic science infrastructure in Europe: trafficking in human beings, organised crime and terrorism; 3) analysing conceptions of criminalistics, which differ in different EU member states due to the variety of forensic schools, and finding means for their harmonization. Apart from the conception of implementation of the vision for European Forensic Science 2020 in Lithuania, the project is expected to suggest provisions that will be relevant to other EU countries as well. Consequently, the presented conception of implementation of vision for European Forensic Science 2020 in Lithuania could initiate a project for a common vision of European Forensic Science and contribute to the development of the EU as an area of freedom, security and justice. The article presents main ideas of the project of the conception of the vision for European Forensic Science 2020 of EU Council and analyses its legal background, as well as prospects of and challenges for its implementation in Lithuania and the EU. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EUROVIFOR" title="EUROVIFOR">EUROVIFOR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standardization" title=" standardization"> standardization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vision%20for%20European%20Forensic%20Science%202020" title=" vision for European Forensic Science 2020"> vision for European Forensic Science 2020</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lithuania" title=" Lithuania"> Lithuania</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7731/the-conception-of-implementation-of-vision-for-european-forensic-science-2020-in-lithuania" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7731.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27985</span> Proposition on Improving Environmental Forensic System in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huilei%20Wang">Huilei Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuanfeng%20Wang"> Yuanfeng Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the early period of China, economy developed rapidly at the cost of environment. Recently, it is generally recognized that the heavily polluted environment not only puts a brake on economic development but also paces negative impact on people’ health as well as probably next decades of generations. Accordingly, the latest Environmental Protection Law revised in 2014 makes a clear-cut division of environmental responsibility and regulates stricter penalties of breaching law. As the new environmental law is enforced gradually, environmental forensic is increasingly required in the process of ascertaining facts in judicial proceedings of environmental cases. Based on the outcomes of documentary analysis for all environmental cases judged on the basis of new environmental law, it is concluded that there still exists problems in present system of environmental forensic. Thus, this paper is aimed to make proposition on improving Chinese environmental forensic system, which involves: (i) promoting capability of environmental forensic system (EFS) to handle professional questions; (ii) develop price mechanism; (iii) multi-departments cooperate to establish unifying and complete EFS system;(iv) enhance the probative value of results of EFS. Such protocol for amending present regulation on environmental forensic is of significant importance because a quality report of environmental forensic will contributes to providing strong probative evidence of culprits’ activity of releasing contaminant into environment, degree of damages for victims and above all, causality between the behavior of public nuisance and damages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20cases" title=" environmental cases"> environmental cases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20forensic%20system" title=" environmental forensic system"> environmental forensic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proposition" title=" proposition"> proposition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67446/proposition-on-improving-environmental-forensic-system-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67446.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27984</span> Identification of Individuals in Forensic Situations after Allo-Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anupuma%20Raina">Anupuma Raina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajay%20Parkash"> Ajay Parkash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In forensic investigation, DNA analysis helps in the identification of a particular individual under investigation. A set of Short Tandem Repeats loci are widely used for individualization at a molecular level in forensic testing. STRs with tetrameric repeats of DNA are highly polymorphic and widely used for forensic DNA analysis. Identification of an individual became challenging for forensic examiners after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. HSCT is a well-accepted and life-saving treatment to treat malignant and nonmalignant diseases. It involves the administration of healthy donor stem cells to replace the patient’s own unhealthy stem cells. A successful HSCT results in complete donor-derived cells in a patient’s hematopoiesis and hence have the capability to change the genetic makeup of the patient. Although an individual who has undergone HSCT and then committed a crime is a very rare situation, but not impossible. Keeping such a situation in mind, various biological samples like blood, buccal swab, and hair follicle were collected and studied after a certain interval of time after HSCT. Blood was collected from both the patient and the donor before the transplant. The DNA profile of both was analyzed using a short tandem repeat kit for autosomal chromosomes. Among all exhibits studied, only hair follicles were found to be the most suitable biological exhibit, as no donor DNA profile was observed for up to 90 days of study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chimerism" title="chimerism">chimerism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HSCT" title=" HSCT"> HSCT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=STRs%20analysis" title=" STRs analysis"> STRs analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20identification" title=" forensic identification"> forensic identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166184/identification-of-individuals-in-forensic-situations-after-allo-hematopoietic-stem-cell-transplantation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166184.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27983</span> Arabic Handwriting Recognition Using Local Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Arif">Mohammed Arif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdessalam%20Kifouche"> Abdessalam Kifouche</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Optical character recognition (OCR) has a main role in the present time. It's capable to solve many serious problems and simplify human activities. The OCR yields to 70's, since many solutions has been proposed, but unfortunately, it was supportive to nothing but Latin languages. This work proposes a system of recognition of an off-line Arabic handwriting. This system is based on a structural segmentation method and uses support vector machines (SVM) in the classification phase. We have presented a state of art of the characters segmentation methods, after that a view of the OCR area, also we will address the normalization problems we went through. After a comparison between the Arabic handwritten characters & the segmentation methods, we had introduced a contribution through a segmentation algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OCR" title="OCR">OCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=segmentation" title=" segmentation"> segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic%20characters" title=" Arabic characters"> Arabic characters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PAW" title=" PAW"> PAW</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-processing" title=" post-processing"> post-processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SVM" title=" SVM"> SVM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183495/arabic-handwriting-recognition-using-local-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27982</span> Financial Statement Fraud: The Need for a Paradigm Shift to Forensic Accounting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ifedapo%20Francis%20Awolowo">Ifedapo Francis Awolowo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The unrelenting series of embarrassing audit failures should stimulate a paradigm shift in accounting. And in this age of information revolution, there is need for a constant improvement on the products or services one offers to the market in order to be relevant. This study explores the perceptions of external auditors, forensic accountants and accounting academics on whether a paradigm shift to forensic accounting can reduce financial statement frauds. Through Neo-empiricism/inductive analytical approach, findings reveal that a paradigm shift to forensic accounting might be the right step in the right direction in order to increase the chances of fraud prevention and detection in the financial statement. This research has implication on accounting education on the need to incorporate forensic accounting into present day accounting curriculum. Accounting professional bodies, accounting standard setters and accounting firms all have roles to play in incorporating forensic accounting education into accounting curriculum. Particularly, there is need to alter the ISA 240 to make the prevention and detection of frauds the responsibilities of bot those charged with the management and governance of companies and statutory auditors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20statement%20fraud" title="financial statement fraud">financial statement fraud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20accounting" title=" forensic accounting"> forensic accounting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fraud%20prevention%20and%20detection" title=" fraud prevention and detection"> fraud prevention and detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auditing" title=" auditing"> auditing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=audit%20expectation%20gap" title=" audit expectation gap"> audit expectation gap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title=" corporate governance"> corporate governance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42346/financial-statement-fraud-the-need-for-a-paradigm-shift-to-forensic-accounting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27981</span> A Unified Approach for Digital Forensics Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Alshumrani">Ali Alshumrani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nathan%20Clarke"> Nathan Clarke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bogdan%20Ghite"> Bogdan Ghite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stavros%20Shiaeles"> Stavros Shiaeles</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Digital forensics has become an essential tool in the investigation of cyber and computer-assisted crime. Arguably, given the prevalence of technology and the subsequent digital footprints that exist, it could have a significant role across almost all crimes. However, the variety of technology platforms (such as computers, mobiles, Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV), Internet of Things (IoT), databases, drones, cloud computing services), heterogeneity and volume of data, forensic tool capability, and the investigative cost make investigations both technically challenging and prohibitively expensive. Forensic tools also tend to be siloed into specific technologies, e.g., File System Forensic Analysis Tools (FS-FAT) and Network Forensic Analysis Tools (N-FAT), and a good deal of data sources has little to no specialist forensic tools. Increasingly it also becomes essential to compare and correlate evidence across data sources and to do so in an efficient and effective manner enabling an investigator to answer high-level questions of the data in a timely manner without having to trawl through data and perform the correlation manually. This paper proposes a Unified Forensic Analysis Tool (U-FAT), which aims to establish a common language for electronic information and permit multi-source forensic analysis. Core to this approach is the identification and development of forensic analyses that automate complex data correlations, enabling investigators to investigate cases more efficiently. The paper presents a systematic analysis of major crime categories and identifies what forensic analyses could be used. For example, in a child abduction, an investigation team might have evidence from a range of sources including computing devices (mobile phone, PC), CCTV (potentially a large number), ISP records, and mobile network cell tower data, in addition to third party databases such as the National Sex Offender registry and tax records, with the desire to auto-correlate and across sources and visualize in a cognitively effective manner. U-FAT provides a holistic, flexible, and extensible approach to providing digital forensics in technology, application, and data-agnostic manner, providing powerful and automated forensic analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20forensics" title="digital forensics">digital forensics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evidence%20correlation" title=" evidence correlation"> evidence correlation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterogeneous%20data" title=" heterogeneous data"> heterogeneous data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensics%20tool" title=" forensics tool"> forensics tool</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126070/a-unified-approach-for-digital-forensics-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126070.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27980</span> Forensic Analysis of Thumbnail Images in Windows 10</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Kurian">George Kurian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongmei%20Chi"> Hongmei Chi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Digital evidence plays a critical role in most legal investigations. In many cases, thumbnail databases show important information in that investigation. The probability of having digital evidence retrieved from a computer or smart device has increased, even though the previous user removed data and deleted apps on those devices. Due to the increase in digital forensics, the ability to store residual information from various thumbnail applications has improved. This paper will focus on investigating thumbnail information from Windows 10. Thumbnail images of interest in forensic investigations may be intact even when the original pictures have been deleted. It is our research goal to recover useful information from thumbnails. In this research project, we use various forensics tools to collect left thumbnail information from deleted videos or pictures. We examine and describe the various thumbnail sources in Windows and propose a methodology for thumbnail collection and analysis from laptops or desktops. A machine learning algorithm is adopted to help speed up content from thumbnail pictures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20forensic" title="digital forensic">digital forensic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20tools" title=" forensic tools"> forensic tools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soundness" title=" soundness"> soundness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thumbnail" title=" thumbnail"> thumbnail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OCR" title=" OCR"> OCR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152619/forensic-analysis-of-thumbnail-images-in-windows-10" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152619.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27979</span> Adoption and Diffusion of Valuation Standards in the Forensic Accounting Community and in Courts: Facilitating and Inhibiting Factors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matteo%20Manera">Matteo Manera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariateresa%20Torchia"> Mariateresa Torchia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gregory%20Moscato"> Gregory Moscato</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Forensic accounting is a hot subject of research in accounting. Valuation remains one of the major topics for practitioners. Valuation standards are a powerful instrument that can contribute to a fair process: their use aims at reducing subjectivity and arbitrary decisions in courts. In most jurisdictions, valuation standards are not the law: forensic accountants are not obliged to use valuation standards when they perform valuation works for judges. To date, as far as we know, no literature work has investigated adoption and diffusion of valuation standards in the forensic accounting space. In this paper, we analyze the spread of valuation standards through the lenses of isomorphism and -as corollaries- of Agency Theory and Signaling Theory. Because of lack of research in the particular area of valuation standards adoption, the present work relies on qualitative, exploratory research, based on semi-structured interviews conducted (up to saturation) with expert forensic accountants. Our work digs into motivations behind adoption and diffusion, as well into perceptions of forensic accountants around benefits of valuation standards and into barriers to their diffusion: the result is that, while the vast majority of forensic accountants praise the great work of the standards setters in introducing valuation standards, it might be that less than 50% of forensic accountants actually use valuation standards, in courts. Our preliminary findings, to be supported or refuted by future research, lead us to address a “trilogy” of recommendations to the stakeholders involved in the process of adoption and diffusion of valuation standards in courts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20accounting" title="forensic accounting">forensic accounting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valuation%20standards" title=" valuation standards"> valuation standards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adoption%20of%20standards" title=" adoption of standards"> adoption of standards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivations" title=" motivations"> motivations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benefits" title=" benefits"> benefits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barriers" title=" barriers"> barriers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isomorphism" title=" Isomorphism"> Isomorphism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139052/adoption-and-diffusion-of-valuation-standards-in-the-forensic-accounting-community-and-in-courts-facilitating-and-inhibiting-factors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139052.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27978</span> Move Analysis of Death Row Statements: An Explanatory Study Applied to Death Row Statements in Texas Department of Criminal Justice Website</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giya%20Erina">Giya Erina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Linguists have analyzed the rhetorical structure of various forensic genres, but only a few have investigated the complete structure of death row statements. Unlike other forensic text types, such as suicide or ransom notes, the focus of death row statement analysis is not the authenticity or falsity of the text, but its intended meaning and its communicative purpose. As it constitutes their last statement before their execution, there are probably many things that inmates would like to express. This study mainly examines the rhetorical moves of 200 death row statements from the Texas Department of Criminal Justice website using rhetorical move analysis. The rhetorical moves identified in the statements will be classified based on their communicative purpose, and they will be grouped into moves and steps. A move structure will finally be suggested from the most common or characteristic moves and steps, as well as some sub-moves. However, because of some statements’ atypicality, some moves may appear in different parts of the texts or not at all. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Death%20row%20statements" title="Death row statements">Death row statements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20linguistics" title=" forensic linguistics"> forensic linguistics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genre%20analysis" title=" genre analysis"> genre analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=move%20analysis" title=" move analysis"> move analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73596/move-analysis-of-death-row-statements-an-explanatory-study-applied-to-death-row-statements-in-texas-department-of-criminal-justice-website" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73596.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27977</span> Credible Autopsy Report for Investigators and Judiciary</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudhir%20K.%20Gupta">Sudhir K. Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: When a forensic doctor determines that a suspicious death is a suicide, homicide, or accident, the decision virtually becomes incontestable by the investigating police officer, and it becomes an issue whether the medical opinion was created with necessary checks and balances on the other probabilities of the case. It is suggested that the opinion of Forensic Medical experts is conventional, mutable, and shifting from one expert to another. The determination of suicide, accident, or homicide is mandatorily required, which is the Gold Standard for conducting death investigations. Forensic investigations serve many audiences, but the court is by far the most critical. The likely questions on direct and cross-examination determine how forensic doctors gather and handle evidence and what conclusions they reach. Methodology: The author interacted with the investigative authority, and a crime scene visit was also done along with the perusal of the Postmortem report, subsequent opinion, and crime scene photographs and statements of the witness and accused. Further analysis of all relevant scientific documents and opinions of other forensic doctors, forensic scientists, and ballistic experts involved in these cases was done to arrive at an opinion with scientific justification. Findings: The opinions arrived at by the author and how they helped the judiciary in delivering justice in these cases have been discussed in this article. This can help the readers to understand the process involved in formulating a credible forensic medical expert opinion for investigators and the judiciary. Conclusion: A criminal case might be won or lost over doubt cast on the chain of custody. Medically trained forensic doctors, therefore, learn to practice their profession in legally appropriate ways, and opinions must be based on medical justifications with credible references. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20doctor" title="forensic doctor">forensic doctor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=professional%20credibility" title=" professional credibility"> professional credibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investigation" title=" investigation"> investigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expert%20opinion" title=" expert opinion"> expert opinion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156415/credible-autopsy-report-for-investigators-and-judiciary" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156415.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27976</span> DNA as an Instrument in Constructing Narratives and Justice in Criminal Investigations: A Socio-Epistemological Exploration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aadita%20Chaudhury">Aadita Chaudhury</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since at least the early 2000s, DNA profiling has achieved a preeminent status in forensic investigations into criminal acts. While the criminal justice system has a long history of using forensic evidence and testing them through establish technoscientific means, the primacy of DNA in establishing 'truth' or reconstructing a series of events is unparalleled in the history of forensic science. This paper seeks to elucidate the ways in which DNA profiling has become the most authoritative instrument of 'truth' in criminal investigations, and how it is used in the legal process to ascertain culpability, create the notion of infallible evidence, and advance the search for justice. It is argued that DNA profiling has created a paradigm shift in how the legal system and the general public understands crime and culpability, but not without limitations. There are indications that even trace amounts of DNA evidence can point to causal links in a criminal investigation, however, there still remains many rooms to create confusion and doubt from empirical evidence within the narrative of crimes. Many of the shortcomings of DNA-based forensic investigations are explored and evaluated with regards to claims of the authority of biological evidence and implications for the public understanding of the elusive concepts of truth and justice in the present era. Public misinformation about the forensic analysis processes could produce doubt or faith in the judgements rooted in them, depending on other variables presented at the trial. A positivist understanding of forensic science that is shared by the majority of the population does not take into consideration that DNA evidence is far from definitive, and can be used to support any theories of culpability, to create doubt and to deflect blame. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20profiling" title="DNA profiling">DNA profiling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epistemology%20of%20forensic%20science" title=" epistemology of forensic science"> epistemology of forensic science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=philosophy%20of%20forensic%20science" title=" philosophy of forensic science"> philosophy of forensic science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sociology%20of%20scientific%20knowledge" title=" sociology of scientific knowledge"> sociology of scientific knowledge</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70471/dna-as-an-instrument-in-constructing-narratives-and-justice-in-criminal-investigations-a-socio-epistemological-exploration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70471.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27975</span> Forensic Comparison of Facial Images for Human Identification </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20P.%20Gangwar">D. P. Gangwar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Identification of human through facial images has got great importance in forensic science. The video recordings, CCTV footage, passports, driver licenses and other related documents are invariably sent to the laboratory for comparison of the questioned photographs as well as video recordings with suspected photographs/recordings to prove the identity of a person. More than 300 questioned and 300 control photographs received in actual crime cases, received from various investigation agencies, have been compared by me so far using various familiar analysis and comparison techniques such as Holistic comparison, Morphological analysis, Photo-anthropometry and superimposition. On the basis of findings obtained during the examination huge photo exhibits, a realistic and comprehensive technique has been proposed which could be very useful for forensic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CCTV%20Images" title="CCTV Images">CCTV Images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facial%20features" title=" facial features"> facial features</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photo-anthropometry" title=" photo-anthropometry"> photo-anthropometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superimposition" title=" superimposition"> superimposition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31353/forensic-comparison-of-facial-images-for-human-identification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31353.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">529</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27974</span> A Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Forensic Soil Analysis: Tested Using a Simulated Crime Scene</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samara%20A.%20Testoni">Samara A. Testoni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vander%20F.%20Melo"> Vander F. Melo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lorna%20A.%20Dawson"> Lorna A. Dawson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fabio%20A.%20S.%20Salvador"> Fabio A. S. Salvador</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Soil traces are useful as forensic evidence due to their potential to transfer and adhere to different types of surfaces on a range of objects or persons. The great variability expressed by soil physical, chemical, biological and mineralogical properties show soil traces as complex mixtures. Soils are continuous and variable, no two soil samples being indistinguishable, nevertheless, the complexity of soil characteristics can provide powerful evidence for comparative forensic purposes. This work aimed to establish a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for forensic soil analysis in Brazil. We carried out a simulated crime scene with double blind sampling to calibrate the sampling procedures. Samples were collected at a range of locations covering a range of soil types found in South of Brazil: Santa Candida and Boa Vista, neighbourhoods from Curitiba (State of Parana) and in Guarani and Guaraituba, neighbourhoods from Colombo (Curitiba Metropolitan Region). A previously validated sequential analyses of chemical, physical and mineralogical analyses was developed in around 2 g of soil. The suggested SOP and the sequential range of analyses were effective in grouping the samples from the same place and from the same parent material together, as well as successfully discriminated samples from different locations and originated from different rocks. In addition, modifications to the sample treatment and analytical protocol can be made depending on the context of the forensic work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay%20mineralogy" title="clay mineralogy">clay mineralogy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20soils%20analysis" title=" forensic soils analysis"> forensic soils analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sequential%20analyses" title=" sequential analyses"> sequential analyses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kaolinite" title=" kaolinite"> kaolinite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gibbsite" title=" gibbsite"> gibbsite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99458/a-standard-operating-procedure-sop-for-forensic-soil-analysis-tested-using-a-simulated-crime-scene" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99458.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20handwriting%20analysis&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20handwriting%20analysis&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20handwriting%20analysis&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20handwriting%20analysis&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20handwriting%20analysis&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20handwriting%20analysis&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20handwriting%20analysis&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20handwriting%20analysis&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20handwriting%20analysis&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20handwriting%20analysis&page=933">933</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20handwriting%20analysis&page=934">934</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20handwriting%20analysis&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>