CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html>      <html lang="en" dir="ltr">  <head> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"87a75cd2b9",applicationID:"183602106"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.281.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},217:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>b,xN:()=>v});r(860).K7.genericEvents;const n="experimental.marks",i="experimental.measures",o="experimental.resources";var a=r(993);const s=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var c=r(614),u=r(944),l=r(384),d=r(122);const f="[data-nr-mask]",g=()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{marks:!1,measures:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},harvest:{interval:30},jserrors:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0,level:a.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},performance:{get capture_marks(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n)||e.experimental.marks},set capture_marks(t){e.experimental.marks=t},get capture_measures(){return e.feature_flags.includes(i)||e.experimental.measures},set capture_measures(t){e.experimental.measures=t},capture_detail:!0,resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(o)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:c.wk,inactiveMs:c.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){s(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(f):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=f:(0,u.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){s(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,u.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,u.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0,elementAttributes:["id","className","tagName","type"]}}},p={},m="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(m);if(!p[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return p[e]}function v(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(m);p[e]=(0,d.a)(t,g());const r=(0,l.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=p[e])}function b(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(m);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>d});var n=r(122),i=r(384),o=r(154),a=r(324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0,harvester:void 0},l={};function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!l[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");l[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(l[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(l[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=l[e])}},324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.281.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>l,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,l=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>d,x3:()=>u});var n=r(836),i=r(606),o=r(860),a=r(646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};l(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function d(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(l(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(990),o=r(371),a=r(646),s=r(607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},l={},d=!1;try{d=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=m(e),l=c.length,d=0;d<l;d++)c[d].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:h,listeners:m,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:d?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:d};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=m(e).concat(t)}function m(e){return n[e]||[]}function h(t){return l[t]=l[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),l=(0,n.Zm)();l.ee||(l.ee=u)},646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(566).bz)()},566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(836),i=r(154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>l,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>d});var n=r(154),i=r(863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function l(e,t){a()[e]=t}function d(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(836),i=r(607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];l(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return l(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,l,d;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],l="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],l],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],l,c);try{return d=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],l,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,d],l,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function l(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log";n.K7.logging},969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(836),i=r(687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>K});var n=r(860),i=r(555),o=r(371),a=r(908),s=r(836),c=r(687),u=r(289),l=r(154),d=r(944),f=r(969),g=r(384),p=r(344);const m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","recordCustomEvent","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(863),b=r(614),y=r(993);var w=r(646),A=r(434);const R=new Map;function _(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,d.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,A.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes;const c=t[r]?.[A.Jt]||t[r];return R.set(c,a),o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",(()=>R.get(c))),i}function E(){const e=(0,g.pV)();m.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,d.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const x={};function N(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const m={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");x[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{x[e]=t}));var R="api-",E=R+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(R,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function k(){}m.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,v.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},m.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),_(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},h.forEach((e=>{m[e]=j(R,e,!0,"api")})),m.addPageAction=j(R,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.recordCustomEvent=j(R,"recordCustomEvent",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(R,"setPageViewName",!0)()},m.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,d.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,d.R)(39,typeof e)},m.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,d.R)(41,typeof e)},m.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,d.R)(42,typeof e)},m.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,d.R)(23,e)}},m[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m.interaction=function(e){return(new k).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const T=k.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(E+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[r?(0,v.t)():performance.now(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function I(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,d.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{T[e]=j(E,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),m.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(E,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(R,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),m.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!x[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},l.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>I()),!0):I(),m}var k=r(217),T=r(122);const j={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},I={};var S=r(284);const O=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let P=!1;function K(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:d={},exposed:f=!0}=t;d.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,k.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");I[e]=(0,T.a)(t,j);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=I[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},l.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const m=(0,k.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),h=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];P||(m.proxy.assets&&(O(m.proxy.assets),h.push(m.proxy.assets)),m.proxy.beacon&&h.push(m.proxy.beacon),E(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",S.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===m.soft_navigations.enabled&&m.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),d.denyList=[...m.ajax.deny_list||[],...m.ajax.block_internal?h:[]],d.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,d),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=N(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),P=!0}},374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>u,K7:()=>s,P3:()=>c,XX:()=>i,qY:()=>n,v4:()=>a});const n="events",i="jserrors",o="browser/blobs",a="rum",s={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:i,logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},c={[s.pageViewEvent]:1,[s.pageViewTiming]:2,[s.metrics]:3,[s.jserrors]:4,[s.spa]:5,[s.ajax]:6,[s.sessionTrace]:7,[s.softNav]:8,[s.sessionReplay]:9,[s.logging]:10,[s.genericEvents]:11},u={[s.pageViewEvent]:a,[s.pageViewTiming]:n,[s.ajax]:n,[s.spa]:n,[s.softNav]:n,[s.metrics]:i,[s.jserrors]:i,[s.sessionTrace]:o,[s.sessionReplay]:o,[s.logging]:"browser/logs",[s.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.281.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.281.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),l=0;l<u.length;l++){var d=u[l];if(d.getAttribute("src")==r||d.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=d;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-zqOtfbjYsGTkQScey1O8Hh9fA1+m2RFxLpfv7BWqqTivgQ6iM13v6QJ4d5xykyDwx1GoMFmngC4SKpFn6VciYg=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={374:0,840:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.281.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.281.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(374);var e=i(944),t=i(344),r=i(566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(){this.agentIdentifier=(0,r.LA)(16)}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e("recordCustomEvent",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(217);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var l=i(603);var d=i(687),f=i(234),g=i(289),p=i(154),m=i(384);const h=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function v(e){return!!(0,m.dV)().o.MO&&h(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(h(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),t.runtime.harvester.initializedAggregates.push(this.featAggregate),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return v(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(630);class A extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(908),_=i(843),E=i(878),x=i(782),N=i(863);class k extends y{static featureName=x.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,x.T,t),p.RI&&((0,_.u)((()=>(0,R.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,E.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,R.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var T=i(969);class j extends y{static featureName=T.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,T.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t){super(),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,m.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(A),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,l.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,m.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[A,k,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/all/themes/yale_omega_base/images/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=10, minimum-scale=1, user-scalable=yes, target-densitydpi=160dpi" /> <meta name="generator" content="Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org)" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.library.yale.edu/film/film-collection" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://web.library.yale.edu/node/70271" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="Fi0jZYCICWM-5bQ8z-NXOpr_u0dgLMPeTkJWOk6Jc2Q" /> <title>Film Collection | Yale University Library</title> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="320">  <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/sites/all/themes/yale_omega_base/images/touch/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png" />  <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114x114" href="/sites/all/themes/yale_omega_base/images/touch/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png" />  <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="/sites/all/themes/yale_omega_base/images/touch/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png" />  <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="228x228" href="/sites/all/themes/yale_omega_base/images/touch/apple-touch-icon-228x228.png" />  <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/default/files/css/css_kShW4RPmRstZ3SpIC-ZvVGNFVAi0WEMuCnI0ZkYIaFw.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/default/files/css/css_hTLrwzbU9bZhjvzx-j5entbJFEHkjJyd6RgHEla8FhA.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/default/files/css/css_txHr3lxYCXsM-oTAoxNdLTriXsRrgAdmapSwDUcYWog.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/default/files/css/css_JgCPrRmHnEXbfHWUeHD2CrFJaxtZZVDTfEgHWASLabk.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/default/files/css/css_C_PBimTl38dogoDjxc8XzaeXY-XBAwIQSHRPk6bGoLw.css" media="all" />   <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/default/files/css/css_tAa_kWrsQLdxSb3gtfN0iQ81Z0TFZiykd6zZKwwDvR0.css" media="all" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_Bs3SUFKwBgv2fn-MAjPCxJWIFFvGBVZCTxTYZRBtMo8.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/all/libraries/respondjs/respond.min.js?srecnx"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.8.3/jquery.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_Hfha9RCTNm8mqMDLXriIsKGMaghzs4ZaqJPLj2esi7s.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.10.2/jquery-ui.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_MiJp43iEf0FDQ1n9nvzw8fltzo4x59gfVKTrx-Sr6Og.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_f_6-OzlFXjayKlsU5sJKLwjz7LFQvdIZDm-Mt6jKwyM.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_Ejwx0ASKX8kjC-HyS680_jUSEAHg2js4fX8CzXlihWo.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_KxtfxSQOYe_6OY8zM_hMxYxBrxsgzr-RO746hzQ9S6c.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_yKqknZVrWT-wz_eftS7bF-haOycTGjMlf5RCa0VjcTQ.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> </head> <body class="html not-front not-logged-in page-node page-node- page-node-70271 node-type-page context-film no-sidebars"> <div id="skip-link"> <a href="#main-content" class="element-invisible element-focusable">Skip to main content</a> </div> <div class="region region-page-top" id="region-page-top"> <div class="region-inner region-page-top-inner"> <noscript aria-hidden="true"><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-KVRNCC" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> </div> </div> <div class="page clearfix" id="page"> <header id="section-header" class="section section-header"> <div id="zone-topper" class="zone zone-topper clearfix container-16"> <div class="grid-10 region region-topper-first" id="region-topper-first"> <div class="region-inner region-topper-first-inner"> <div class="block block-block yul-wordmark block-8 block-block-8 odd block-without-title" id="block-block-8"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <div class="content clearfix"> <h2><a href="/" title="Yale University Library home page"><span class="yul-wordmark-yale">Yale </span>University Library</a></h2> </div> </div> </div> <div class="block block-block block-61 block-block-61 even block-without-title" id="block-block-61"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <div class="content clearfix"> <h2 class="site-name"><a href="/filmstudy" title="Return to Yale Film Archive">Yale Film Archive</a></h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-6 region region-topper-second" id="region-topper-second"> <div class="region-inner region-topper-second-inner"> <div class="block block-menu-block block-131 block-menu-block-131 odd block-without-title" id="block-menu-block-131"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <div class="content clearfix"> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-131 menu-name-menu-film-study-main-menu parent-mlid-13201 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-13211 menu-ask-yale-library"><a href="http://ask.library.yale.edu">Ask Yale Library</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-13206 menu-your-library-account"><a href="http://orbis.library.yale.edu/vwebv/myAccount">Your Library Account</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="block block-block addthis block-66 block-block-66 even block-without-title" id="block-block-66"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <div class="content clearfix">  <div class="addthis_toolbox addthis_floating_style addthis_16x16_style"> <a class="addthis_button_facebook_follow" addthis:userid="yalefilmarchive"></a> <a class="addthis_button_twitter_follow" addthis:userid="yalefilmarchive"></a> <a class="addthis_button_instagram_follow" addthis:userid="yalefilmarchive"></a> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[// ><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//s7.addthis.com/js/300/addthis_widget.js#pubid=ra-5034cdc446677019"></script>  </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="zone-menu" class="zone zone-menu clearfix container-16" role="navigation" > <div class="grid-16 region region-menu" id="region-menu"> <div class="region-inner region-menu-inner"> <section class="block block-menu-block services-block-nav block-101 block-menu-block-101 odd" id="block-menu-block-101"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Research</h2> <div class="content clearfix"> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-101 menu-name-menu-film-study-main-menu parent-mlid-5416 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-5621 menu-search-the-collection"><a href="https://search.library.yale.edu/catalog?f%5Blocation_facet%5D%5B%5D=Film+Archive">Search the Collection</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5626 menu-guide-to-searching-35mm/16mm"><a href="http://web.library.yale.edu/film/search-film-prints">Guide to Searching 35mm/16mm</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-14881 menu-streaming-video-at-yale"><a href="https://guides.library.yale.edu/streamingvideo">Streaming Video at Yale</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5631 menu-film-resources-at-yale-&-beyond"><a href="http://web.library.yale.edu/film/film-resources">Film Resources at Yale & Beyond</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-14875 menu-film-studies-research-guide"><a href="https://guides.library.yale.edu/film">Film Studies Research Guide</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5451 menu-search-library-catalog-(orbis)-"><a href="http://orbis.library.yale.edu/vwebv/">Search Library Catalog (Orbis) </a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5456 menu-search-articles+"><a href="http://yale.summon.serialssolutions.com/#!/">Search Articles+</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5461 menu-search-worldcat-"><a href="https://firstsearch.oclc.org/WebZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetect=:javascript=true:screensize=large:sessionid=fsap04pxm1-1680-ljitmx7z-ulk0u3:entitypagenum=1:0">Search Worldcat </a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-5466 menu-search-borrow-direct-"><a href="https://guides.library.yale.edu/getit/bd">Search Borrow Direct </a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="block block-menu-block libraries-block-nav block-102 block-menu-block-102 even" id="block-menu-block-102"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Collections</h2> <div class="content clearfix"> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-102 menu-name-menu-film-study-main-menu parent-mlid-5431 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-5641 menu-film-collection"><a href="http://web.library.yale.edu/film/film-collection">Film Collection</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5646 menu-video-collection"><a href="http://web.library.yale.edu/film/video-collection">Video Collection</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5651 menu-screenplay-collection"><a href="http://web.library.yale.edu/film/screenplay-collection">Screenplay Collection</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-14871 menu-notable-holdings"><a href="https://web.library.yale.edu/film/notable-holdings">Notable Holdings</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-14872 menu-preserved-films"><a href="https://web.library.yale.edu/film/preserved-films">Preserved Films</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-5486 menu-copyright-guidance-"><a href="http://guides.library.yale.edu/copyright-guidance/">Copyright Guidance </a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="block block-menu-block libraries-block-nav block-103 block-menu-block-103 odd" id="block-menu-block-103"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Services</h2> <div class="content clearfix"> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-103 menu-name-menu-film-study-main-menu parent-mlid-5226 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-13644 menu-fix-account-problems"><a href="https://resources.library.yale.edu/claimsreturned/">Fix Account Problems</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5656 menu-curricular-support"><a href="http://web.library.yale.edu/film/curricular-support">Curricular Support</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5661 menu-arranging-screenings"><a href="http://web.library.yale.edu/film/arranging-screenings">Arranging Screenings</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5521 menu-purchase-request-form-"><a href="https://yalesurvey.ca1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_1Muypmq94mS9NH0">Purchase Request Form </a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-5666 menu-clip-capture"><a href="http://web.library.yale.edu/film/clip-capture">Clip Capture</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="block block-menu-block libraries-block-nav block-95 block-menu-block-95 even" id="block-menu-block-95"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">About</h2> <div class="content clearfix"> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-95 menu-name-menu-film-study-main-menu parent-mlid-5231 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-5636 menu-about-the-yale-film-archive"><a href="http://web.library.yale.edu/film/about">About the Yale Film Archive</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5277 menu-film-archive-staff"><a href="http://web.library.yale.edu/sd/dept/film">Film Archive Staff</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5251 menu-hours-&-location"><a href="https://web.library.yale.edu/film/hours-location">Hours & Location</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5676 menu-access-&-circulation"><a href="http://web.library.yale.edu/film/circulation">Access & Circulation</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5671 menu-viewing-facilities"><a href="http://web.library.yale.edu/film/FSC-viewing-facilities">Viewing Facilities</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-5681 menu-food-&-drink-policy"><a href="http://web.library.yale.edu/film/food-and-drink-policy">Food & Drink Policy</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="block block-menu-block libraries-block-nav block-99 block-menu-block-99 odd" id="block-menu-block-99"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Events</h2> <div class="content clearfix"> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-99 menu-name-menu-film-study-main-menu parent-mlid-5321 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-14926 menu-public-screenings"><a href="/film/screenings">Public Screenings</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5786 menu-treasures-from-the-yale-film-archive"><a href="/film/treasures">Treasures from the Yale Film Archive</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15091 menu-vertigoals"><a href="/film/vertigoals">VertiGoals</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15092 menu-french-75"><a href="/film/french75">French 75</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15062 menu-cinemix"><a href="/film/cinemix">Cinemix</a></li> <li class="collapsed menu-mlid-14923 menu-past-series"><a href="/film/pastfilmseries">Past Series</a></li> <li class="last collapsed menu-mlid-14921 menu-film-notes"><a href="/film/notes">Film Notes</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </header> <section role="main" id="section-content" class="section section-content"> <div id="zone-content" class="zone zone-content clearfix equal-height-container container-16"> <div class="grid-16 region region-content equal-height-element" id="region-content"> <div class="region-inner region-content-inner"> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="block block-delta-blocks block-page-title block-delta-blocks-page-title odd block-without-title" id="block-delta-blocks-page-title"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <div class="content clearfix"> <h1 id="page-title" class="title">Film Collection</h1> </div> </div> </div> <div class="block block-system block-main block-system-main even block-without-title" id="block-system-main"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <div class="content clearfix"> <div class="ds-1col node node-page view-mode-full clearfix"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p> <img alt="stack of Kodachrome film boxes" src="/sites/default/files/images/D2.png" style="width:1600px; height:375px" width="1600" height="375" /></p> <p>The Yale Film Archive, an Associate of the International Federation of Film Archives (FIAF), has a collection of more than 8,000 35mm and 16mm titles, including both print and pre-print holdings. A wide variety of genres and national cinemas are represented in the collection, from Hollywood features to experimental shorts, from documentaries to Bollywood musicals. The collection spans more than 120 years of cinema history, and includes films from around the globe as well as a number of films made by Yale alumni and about Yale University. Founded in 1982 as the Film Study Center, the Film Archive traces its roots to film collections at Yale dating back to the 1960s, including the historic archives of a number of prominent film collectors. Read more about collections within the larger archive on our <a href="https://web.library.yale.edu/film/notable-holdings" target="_blank">Notable Holdings</a>聽page, and learn about our preservation activities on our <a href="https://web.library.yale.edu/film/preserved-films" target="_blank">Preserved Films</a> page.</p> <p>The holdings of the Film Archive are included in the Yale University Library鈥檚 catalog. <strong>To search the 35mm and 16mm print collection, click <a href="http://web.library.yale.edu/film/search-film-prints">here</a>.</strong></p> <p>Films in the Yale Film Archive collection are available for screenings for Yale classes as well as for loans to qualified non-profit institutions. Those interested in screening, borrowing, or otherwise accessing material in the collection must contact Managing Archivist Brian Meacham via <a href="mailto:brian.meacham@yale.edu" rel="nofollow">email</a>聽early in the planning process.</p> <p>For information on DVD, Blu-ray, and VHS holdings, visit our <a href="https://web.library.yale.edu/film/video-collection" target="_blank">Video Collection</a> page.</p> <h2>Yale Public Screening Partnerships</h2> <p><span style="background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255)">Do you have an idea for a public film screening or series at Yale? Are you interested in presenting films from the Yale Film Archive's collection on campus?聽</span>Visit our <a href="https://web.library.yale.edu/film/partnerships" target="_blank">Yale Public Screening聽Partnerships</a> page to learn how.</p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-changed-date field-type-ds field-label-inline clearfix clearfix"><div class="field-label">Last modified: </div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">Friday, December 15, 2023 - 6:50am</div></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <footer id="section-footer" class="section section-footer"> <div id="zone-footer" class="zone zone-footer clearfix container-16"> <div class="grid-16 region region-footer-third" id="region-footer-third"> <div class="region-inner region-footer-third-inner"> <div class="block block-menu block-menu-yale-links block-menu-menu-yale-links odd block-without-title" id="block-menu-menu-yale-links"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <div class="content clearfix"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-yale"><a href="http://www.yale.edu" title="">Yale</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-search"><a href="/search/google">Search</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-giving"><a href="/development">Giving</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-events"><a href="https://library.yale.edu/events">Events</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-news"><a href="https://library.yale.edu/news">News</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-system-status"><a href="https://secure-stats.pingdom.com/2i9hmxvpr6ug">System Status</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-privacy-policy"><a href="http://www.yale.edu/privacy.html" title="Yale Privacy Policy">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-feedback"><a href="https://yalesurvey.ca1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_dgJVQnLiRJoDXtI">Feedback</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-data-use"><a href="/data-use">Data Use</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-accessibility"><a href="https://usability.yale.edu/web-accessibility/accessibility-yale">Accessibility</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <div class="region region-page-bottom" id="region-page-bottom"> <div class="region-inner region-page-bottom-inner"> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/default/files/js_injector/js_injector_1.js?srecnx"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"87a75cd2b9","applicationID":"183602106","transactionName":"Z1xVNkdZDRZYWhZZCV4WYhBcF0wMV10HSEhAUUc=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":395,"atts":"SxtWQA9DHhg=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>