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<li id="toc-Downtown_Jerusalem_(1940–1947)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Downtown_Jerusalem_(1940–1947)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Downtown Jerusalem (1940–1947)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Downtown_Jerusalem_(1940–1947)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mount_Scopus_(1947–1950)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mount_Scopus_(1947–1950)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Mount Scopus (1947–1950)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mount_Scopus_(1947–1950)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Romema_(1950–1991)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romema_(1950–1991)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Romema (1950–1991)</span> </div> </a> <ul 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id="toc-Design_and_layout" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design_and_layout"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Design and layout</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Design_and_layout-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Animal_exhibits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Animal_exhibits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Animal exhibits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Animal_exhibits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Animal_species" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Animal_species"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Animal species</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Animal_species-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Food_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Food_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Food sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Food_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Themes_and_focus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Themes_and_focus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Themes and focus</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Themes_and_focus-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Themes and focus subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Themes_and_focus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Wildlife_conservation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wildlife_conservation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Wildlife conservation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wildlife_conservation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Public education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_awareness" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_awareness"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Environmental awareness</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environmental_awareness-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Research</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Research-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Research subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Affiliations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Affiliations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Affiliations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Affiliations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Visitors_and_volunteers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Visitors_and_volunteers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Visitors and volunteers</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Visitors_and_volunteers-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Visitors and volunteers subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Visitors_and_volunteers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Special_events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Special_events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Special events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Special_events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Expansion_plans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Expansion_plans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Expansion plans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expansion_plans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div 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class="mw-page-title-main">Jerusalem Biblical Zoo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3" title="حديقة الحيوان الكتابية في القدس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حديقة الحيوان الكتابية في القدس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zool%C3%B2gic_B%C3%ADblic_de_Jerusalem" title="Zoològic Bíblic de Jerusalem – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Zoològic Bíblic de Jerusalem" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblischer_Zoo_Jerusalem" title="Biblischer Zoo Jerusalem – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Biblischer Zoo Jerusalem" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zool%C3%B3gico_b%C3%ADblico_de_Jerusal%C3%A9n" title="Zoológico bíblico de Jerusalén – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Zoológico bíblico de Jerusalén" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoologia_%C4%9Dardeno_de_Jerusalemo" title="Zoologia ĝardeno de Jerusalemo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Zoologia ĝardeno de Jerusalemo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoo_biblique_de_J%C3%A9rusalem" title="Zoo biblique de Jérusalem – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Zoo biblique de Jérusalem" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A5%D5%B4%D5%AB_%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%A2%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A3%D5%AB" title="Երուսաղեմի բիբլիական կենդանաբանական այգի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Երուսաղեմի բիբլիական կենդանաբանական այգի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A0%22%D7%9B%D7%99" title="גן החיות התנ"כי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גן החיות התנ"כי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%87_%D9%81%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3" title="جنينة الحيوانات الكتابيه فى القدس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جنينة الحيوانات الكتابيه فى القدس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zool%C3%B3gico_B%C3%ADblico_de_Jerusal%C3%A9m" title="Zoológico Bíblico de Jerusalém – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Zoológico Bíblico de Jerusalém" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Иерусалимский библейский зоопарк – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Иерусалимский библейский зоопарк" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo" title="Jerusalem Biblical Zoo – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Jerusalem Biblical Zoo" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalemin_raamatullinen_el%C3%A4intarha" title="Jerusalemin raamatullinen eläintarha – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jerusalemin raamatullinen eläintarha" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A0%22%D7%9B%D7%99" title="גן החיות התנ"כי – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="גן החיות התנ"כי" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7%E5%9C%A3%E7%BB%8F%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%9B%AD" title="耶路撒冷圣经动物园 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="耶路撒冷圣经动物园" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2915736#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&params=31_44_58_N_35_10_37_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">31°44′58″N</span> <span class="longitude">35°10′37″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">31.74944°N 35.17694°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">31.74944; 35.17694</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Zoo in Jerusalem</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ededed;">Jerusalem Biblical Zoo</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo_(emblem).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bb/Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo_%28emblem%29.jpg/83px-Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo_%28emblem%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="83" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bb/Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo_%28emblem%29.jpg/125px-Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo_%28emblem%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bb/Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo_%28emblem%29.jpg/166px-Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo_%28emblem%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="351" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Zoo logo</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_Zoo_spider_monkey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Jerusalem_Zoo_spider_monkey.jpg/200px-Jerusalem_Zoo_spider_monkey.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Jerusalem_Zoo_spider_monkey.jpg/300px-Jerusalem_Zoo_spider_monkey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Jerusalem_Zoo_spider_monkey.jpg/400px-Jerusalem_Zoo_spider_monkey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A <a href="/wiki/Geoffroy%27s_spider_monkey" title="Geoffroy's spider monkey">black-handed spider monkey</a> swings on a rope over the <a href="/wiki/Artificial_lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Artificial lake">artificial lake</a> at the zoo.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="12" data-overlays="["_7b6251886f53cdae958baf3988cb63f586e4979a"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,12,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&revid=1252909991&groups=_7b6251886f53cdae958baf3988cb63f586e4979a" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,12,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&revid=1252909991&groups=_7b6251886f53cdae958baf3988cb63f586e4979a 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&params=31_44_58_N_35_10_37_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">31°44′58″N</span> <span class="longitude">35°10′37″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">31.74944°N 35.17694°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">31.74944; 35.17694</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date opened</th><td class="infobox-data">1940</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Malha" title="Malha">Malha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Land area</th><td class="infobox-data">62-acre (25 ha)<sup id="cite_ref-life_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-life-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of animals</th><td class="infobox-data">2,200 (as of 2009)<sup id="cite_ref-attraction_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-attraction-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of species</th><td class="infobox-data">271 (as of 2009)<sup id="cite_ref-attraction_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-attraction-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Memberships</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/World_Association_of_Zoos_and_Aquariums" title="World Association of Zoos and Aquariums">WAZA</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-waza_list_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-waza_list-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/European_Association_of_Zoos_and_Aquaria" title="European Association of Zoos and Aquaria">EAZA</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-eaza_list_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eaza_list-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Israeli_Zoo_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Israeli Zoo Association (page does not exist)">IZA</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-iza_list_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iza_list-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Species360" title="Species360">Species360</a><sup id="cite_ref-isis_list_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isis_list-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jerusalemzoo.org/en/biblical-zoo">www<wbr />.jerusalemzoo<wbr />.org<wbr />/en<wbr />/biblical-zoo</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Jerusalem" title="Category:Jerusalem">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D7%94%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/%D7%94%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91.jpg/200px-%D7%94%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/%D7%94%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91.jpg/300px-%D7%94%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/%D7%94%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91.jpg/400px-%D7%94%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2256" data-file-height="1410" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:12.5px; text-align:left; border-top:solid 0px #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Jerusalem" title="History of Jerusalem">History</a><br /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Jerusalem" title="Timeline of Jerusalem">Timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/City_of_David_(historic)" class="mw-redirect" title="City of David (historic)">City of David</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1000 BCE</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_during_the_Second_Temple_Period" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerusalem during the Second Temple Period">Second Temple Period</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 538 BCE–70 CE</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Aelia_Capitolina" title="Aelia Capitolina">Aelia Capitolina</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 130–325 CE</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_during_the_Byzantine_period" title="Jerusalem during the Byzantine period">Byzantine</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 325–638 CE</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/History_of_Jerusalem_during_the_Early_Muslim_period" title="History of Jerusalem during the Early Muslim period">Early Muslim</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 638–1099</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/History_of_Jerusalem_during_the_Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="History of Jerusalem during the Kingdom of Jerusalem">Crusader</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1099–1187</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Jerusalem" title="Medieval Jerusalem">Late Medieval</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1187–1517</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Mutasarrifate_of_Jerusalem" title="Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem">Ottoman</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1517–1917</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">British Mandate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1917–1948</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> Modern period <li>(<a href="/wiki/Jordanian_annexation_of_the_West_Bank" title="Jordanian annexation of the West Bank">Jordanian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Israeli_annexation_of_East_Jerusalem" title="Israeli annexation of East Jerusalem">Israeli annexation of East Jerusalem</a>)</li></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1948-</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:12.5px; text-align:left; border-top:solid 0px #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Sieges</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <dl><dt>Before Common Era</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_siege_of_Jerusalem" title="Assyrian siege of Jerusalem">701 BCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(597_BC)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (597 BC)">597 BCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(587_BC)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (587 BC)">587 BCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(63_BC)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (63 BC)">63 BCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(37_BC)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (37 BC)">37 BCE</a></li></ul> <hr /> <dl><dt>Common Era</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(70_CE)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)">70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasanian_conquest_of_Jerusalem" title="Sasanian conquest of Jerusalem">614</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(636%E2%80%93637)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (636–637)">637</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1099)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1099)">1099</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1187)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1187)">1187</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1244)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1244)">1244</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1834)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1834)">1834</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jerusalem" title="Battle of Jerusalem">1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_for_Jerusalem" title="Battle for Jerusalem">1948</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:12.5px; text-align:left; border-top:solid 0px #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Jerusalem" title="List of places in Jerusalem">Places</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Jerusalem" title="East Jerusalem">East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Jerusalem" title="West Jerusalem">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_City_(Jerusalem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Old City (Jerusalem)">Old City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Mount" title="Temple Mount">Temple Mount</a>/<a href="/wiki/Al-Aqsa" title="Al-Aqsa">Al-Aqsa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dome_of_the_Rock" title="Dome of the Rock">Dome of the Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qibli_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Qibli Mosque">Al-Aqsa Mosque</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Wall" title="Western Wall">Western Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synagogues_of_Jerusalem" title="Synagogues of Jerusalem">Synagogues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Jerusalem" title="List of mosques in Jerusalem">Mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Church of the Holy Sepulchre">Church of the Holy Sepulchre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" title="Hebrew University of Jerusalem">Hebrew University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knesset" title="Knesset">Knesset</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Biblical Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Lazarus" title="Tomb of Lazarus">Tomb of Lazarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Quds_University" title="Al-Quds University">Al-Quds University</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:12.5px; text-align:left; border-top:solid 0px #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Jerusalem" title="List of people from Jerusalem">People</a><br /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_Jerusalem" title="Demographic history of Jerusalem">Demographic history</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Jerusalem" title="Mayor of Jerusalem">Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Rabbi_of_Jerusalem" title="Chief Rabbi of Jerusalem">Chief Rabbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Mufti_of_Jerusalem" title="Grand Mufti of Jerusalem">Grand Mufti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Jerusalem" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem">Greek Orthodox Patriarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_Jerusalem" title="King of Jerusalem">Crusader kings</a></li></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:12.5px; text-align:left; border-top:solid 0px #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Status_of_Jerusalem" title="Status of Jerusalem">Political status</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_significance_of_Jerusalem" title="Religious significance of Jerusalem">Religious significance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_in_Judaism" title="Jerusalem in Judaism">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_in_Christianity" title="Jerusalem in Christianity">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerusalem in Islam">Islam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Law" title="Jerusalem Law">Jerusalem Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Day" title="Jerusalem Day">Jerusalem Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quds_Day" title="Quds Day">Quds Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaization_of_Jerusalem" title="Judaization of Jerusalem">Judaization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamization_of_Jerusalem" title="Islamization of Jerusalem">Islamization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_recognition_of_Jerusalem_as_capital_of_Israel" title="United States recognition of Jerusalem as capital of Israel">US recognition</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:12.5px; text-align:left; border-top:solid 0px #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Other topics</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_Jerusalem" title="Names of Jerusalem">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Jerusalem" class="mw-redirect" title="Emblem of Jerusalem">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Municipality" title="Jerusalem Municipality">Municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Jerusalem" title="Greater Jerusalem">Greater Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Jerusalem" title="Cuisine of Jerusalem">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Line_(Jerusalem)" title="City Line (Jerusalem)">City Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Jerusalem" title="Transport in Jerusalem">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_about_Jerusalem" title="List of songs about Jerusalem">Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartography_of_Jerusalem" title="Cartography of Jerusalem">Historical maps</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Jerusalem_sidebar" title="Template:Jerusalem sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Jerusalem_sidebar" title="Template talk:Jerusalem sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jerusalem_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Jerusalem sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>The Tisch Family Biblical Zoo in Jerusalem</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">גן החיות התנ"כי בירושלים על שם משפחת טיש</span>, <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">حديقة الحيوان الكتابية في أورشليم القدس</span>), popularly known as the <b>Jerusalem Biblical Zoo</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/Zoo" title="Zoo">zoo</a> located in the <a href="/wiki/Malha" title="Malha">Malha</a> neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>. It is famous for its Afro-Asiatic collection of <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_in_Israel,_the_West_Bank,_and_the_Gaza_Strip" class="mw-redirect" title="Biodiversity in Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip">wildlife</a>, many of which are described in the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a>, as well as for its success in <a href="/wiki/Captive_breeding" title="Captive breeding">breeding</a> <a href="/wiki/Endangered_species" title="Endangered species">endangered species</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-managers_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-managers-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Dun_and_Bradstreet" class="mw-redirect" title="Dun and Bradstreet">Dun and Bradstreet</a>, the Biblical Zoo was the most popular <a href="/wiki/Tourist_attraction" title="Tourist attraction">tourist attraction</a> in Israel from 2005 to 2007, and logged a record 738,000 visitors in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-attraction_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-attraction-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The zoo had about 55,000 members in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-Tisch2009_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tisch2009-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Downtown_Jerusalem_(1940–1947)"><span id="Downtown_Jerusalem_.281940.E2.80.931947.29"></span>Downtown Jerusalem (1940–1947)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Downtown Jerusalem (1940–1947)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shulov2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Shulov2.jpg/150px-Shulov2.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Shulov2.jpg/225px-Shulov2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Shulov2.jpg/300px-Shulov2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="507" data-file-height="598" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Aharon_Shulov" title="Aharon Shulov">Aharon Shulov</a> and his wife, Yocheved, holding a <a href="/wiki/Pythonidae" title="Pythonidae">python</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The Jerusalem Biblical Zoo opened in September 1940 as a small "animal corner" on Rabbi Kook Street in central Jerusalem.<sup id="cite_ref-sbl_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbl-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NY_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The zoo was founded by <a href="/wiki/Aharon_Shulov" title="Aharon Shulov">Aharon Shulov</a>, a professor of <a href="/wiki/Zoology" title="Zoology">zoology</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" title="Hebrew University of Jerusalem">Hebrew University of Jerusalem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Scopus" title="Mount Scopus">Mount Scopus</a>. Among Shulov's goals were to provide a research facility for his students; to gather animals, reptiles and birds mentioned in the Bible;<sup id="cite_ref-NY_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and, as he wrote in 1951, to break down the "invisible wall" between the intellectuals on Mount Scopus and the general public.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first animal in the Jerusalem Zoo was a <a href="/wiki/Desert_monitor" title="Desert monitor">desert monitor</a> which arrived in 1940, brought by a group of British soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Early on, the zoo ran into several difficulties in its decision to focus on animals mentioned in the Bible. For one, the meaning of many names of animals, reptiles and birds in Scriptures is often uncertain; for example, <i>nesher</i> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">נשר</span>), commonly translated as "eagle", could also mean "vulture".<sup id="cite_ref-sbl_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbl-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More significantly, many of the animals mentioned in the Bible are now <a href="/wiki/Extinction" title="Extinction">extinct</a> in Israel due to over-hunting, destruction of natural habitats by rapid construction and development, illegal poisoning by farmers, and low birth rate.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zoo planners decided to branch beyond strictly biblical animals and include worldwide <a href="/wiki/Endangered_species" title="Endangered species">endangered species</a> as well.<sup id="cite_ref-sbl_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbl-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo_1940s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo_1940s.jpg/220px-Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo_1940s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo_1940s.jpg/330px-Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo_1940s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo_1940s.jpg/440px-Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo_1940s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1199" data-file-height="668" /></a><figcaption>The zoo in the 1940s, probably on <a href="/wiki/Shmuel_HaNavi_Street" title="Shmuel HaNavi Street">Shmuel HaNavi Street</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The presence of the animal corner generated many complaints from residents in adjoining buildings due to the smell and noise, as well as the perceived danger of animal escapes. Due to the complaints, the zoo relocated in 1941 to a 4.5-dunam (0.0045 km<sup>2</sup>; 0.0017 sq mi) lot on <a href="/wiki/Shmuel_HaNavi_Street" title="Shmuel HaNavi Street">Shmuel HaNavi Street</a>. Here, too, complaints were heard from the neighbors, but the zoo remained at this site for the next six years.<sup id="cite_ref-sbl_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbl-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mount_Scopus_(1947–1950)"><span id="Mount_Scopus_.281947.E2.80.931950.29"></span>Mount Scopus (1947–1950)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Mount Scopus (1947–1950)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1947 the zoo, which by now had 122 animals,<sup id="cite_ref-NY_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> relocated to a plot of land on <a href="/wiki/Mount_Scopus" title="Mount Scopus">Mount Scopus</a> provided by Hebrew University. It remained there from 1947 to 1950. Its occupancy coincided with the <a href="/wiki/1948_Arab-Israeli_War" class="mw-redirect" title="1948 Arab-Israeli War">1948 Arab-Israeli War</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1948)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1948)">siege of Jerusalem</a>, when food for the city's population was at a premium. Zookeepers resorted to hunting down stray dogs near garbage dumps in order to feed the <a href="/wiki/Carnivore" title="Carnivore">carnivorous</a> animals. Many of the carnivores died anyway, and other, non-dangerous species had to be released.<sup id="cite_ref-sbl_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbl-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Romema_(1950–1991)"><span id="Romema_.281950.E2.80.931991.29"></span>Romema (1950–1991)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Romema (1950–1991)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Teddy_Jerusalem_Zoo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Teddy_Jerusalem_Zoo.jpg/220px-Teddy_Jerusalem_Zoo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Teddy_Jerusalem_Zoo.jpg/330px-Teddy_Jerusalem_Zoo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Teddy_Jerusalem_Zoo.jpg/440px-Teddy_Jerusalem_Zoo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Teddy the <a href="/wiki/Asian_elephant" title="Asian elephant">elephant</a>, named in honor of Jerusalem mayor and zoo fund-raiser <a href="/wiki/Teddy_Kollek" title="Teddy Kollek">Teddy Kollek</a></figcaption></figure> <p>As part of the <a href="/wiki/1949_Armistice_Agreements#With_Jordan" title="1949 Armistice Agreements">Israel–Jordan Armistice Agreements of 1949</a>, access to Mount Scopus was restricted. The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> helped the zoo relocate<sup id="cite_ref-sbl_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbl-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to a 15-hectare (37-acre) lot<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Givat Komuna, adjacent to the present-day neighborhoods of <a href="/wiki/Romema" title="Romema">Romema</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ezrat_Torah" title="Ezrat Torah">Ezrat Torah</a>. According to Shulov, when the zoo arrived in Romema, only two <a href="/wiki/Wolf" title="Wolf">wolves</a>, one <a href="/wiki/Hyena" title="Hyena">hyena</a>, one <a href="/wiki/Lion" title="Lion">lion</a> and one <a href="/wiki/Leopard" title="Leopard">leopard</a> were left.<sup id="cite_ref-sbl_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbl-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The zoo remained in Romema from 1950 to 1991, becoming a beloved Jerusalem institution. About 30 percent of its attendance came from <a href="/wiki/Haredi_Judaism" title="Haredi Judaism">Haredi</a> families from northern Jerusalem and <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> families from <a href="/wiki/East_Jerusalem" title="East Jerusalem">East Jerusalem</a>—two population groups that normally do not participate in the city's cultural offerings.<sup id="cite_ref-born_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-born-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The zoo grew to 28 acres (11 ha) and more than 200 species, including most of the 130 animals mentioned in the Bible. Thanks to its <a href="/wiki/Captive_breeding" title="Captive breeding">breeding</a> program, 11 species that had disappeared from Israel were <a href="/wiki/Reintroduction" class="mw-redirect" title="Reintroduction">reintroduced</a> into nature reserves around the country, including the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_brown_bear" title="Syrian brown bear">Syrian brown bear</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Addax" title="Addax">addax</a>, and two types of <a href="/wiki/Fallow_deer" title="Fallow deer">fallow deer</a>. Through gifts, trades with other zoos, and its success at breeding, the zoo's collection exceeded 500 animals by 1967. During the <a href="/wiki/Six-Day_War" title="Six-Day War">Six-Day War</a>, however, 110 animals were killed by <a href="/wiki/Shrapnel_shell" title="Shrapnel shell">shrapnel</a> and stray bullets.<sup id="cite_ref-NY_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The zoo was administered by a <a href="/wiki/Nonprofit" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonprofit">nonprofit</a> corporation with representatives from Hebrew University, the Jerusalem Municipality, and the Israeli <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Ministry_of_Tourism" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli Ministry of Tourism">Ministries of Tourism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Ministry_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli Ministry of Education">Education</a>. From a financial standpoint, however, the zoo had little money. Shulov, who retired as director in 1983,<sup id="cite_ref-NY_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> often served as director without pay. The zoo was also considered inferior to the zoos of Tel Aviv and Haifa.<sup id="cite_ref-sbl_9-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbl-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jerusalem mayor <a href="/wiki/Teddy_Kollek" title="Teddy Kollek">Teddy Kollek</a>, who took office in 1965, became one of the zoo's main supporters and fundraisers through his <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Foundation" title="Jerusalem Foundation">Jerusalem Foundation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kollek promoted the idea of moving the zoo to a larger location and upgrading it to a state-of-the-art institution, as well as a tourist site that would appeal to secular and religious <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jewish</a> families and <a href="/wiki/Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab">Arab</a> families alike.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around 1990, under the auspices of the Jerusalem Foundation, the Tisch family of New York agreed to pay $5 million toward the $30 million cost of the project. Another $10 million was raised through sale of the lot in Romema, which was converted to housing. The Jerusalem municipality, the Israel Ministry of Tourism, the Jerusalem Foundation, and private sponsors also contributed.<sup id="cite_ref-born_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-born-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malha_(1993–present)"><span id="Malha_.281993.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Malha (1993–present)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Malha (1993–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The zoo closed its site in Romema in 1991 and reopened in the <a href="/wiki/Malha" title="Malha">Malha</a> valley, 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) southwest of the city center,<sup id="cite_ref-born_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-born-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-sbl_9-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbl-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_zoo_today">The zoo today</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: The zoo today"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_Zoo_lake.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Jerusalem_Zoo_lake.jpg/220px-Jerusalem_Zoo_lake.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Jerusalem_Zoo_lake.jpg/330px-Jerusalem_Zoo_lake.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Jerusalem_Zoo_lake.jpg/440px-Jerusalem_Zoo_lake.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>View of the <a href="/wiki/Artificial_lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Artificial lake">artificial lake</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/Siamang" title="Siamang">siamang</a> exhibit at left</figcaption></figure> <p>The zoo, renamed the Tisch Family Zoological Gardens in Jerusalem, but still called the Jerusalem Biblical Zoo by the general public, opened for a preview period on 28 February 1993. It officially opened on 9 September 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-about_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Design_and_layout">Design and layout</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Design and layout"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Designed by Miller-Blum & Associates Landscape Architects, and constructed by the <a href="/wiki/Moriah_Jerusalem_Development_Corporation" title="Moriah Jerusalem Development Corporation">Moriah Jerusalem Development Corporation</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-about_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the zoo sits on 62 acres (25 ha) in a valley surrounded by the hillside neighborhoods of <a href="/wiki/Malha" title="Malha">Malha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Givat_Masua" class="mw-redirect" title="Givat Masua">Givat Masua</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-life_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-life-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The park is landscaped with trees and shrubs native to Israel, many of which are mentioned in the Bible. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_Zoo_train.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Jerusalem_Zoo_train.jpg/220px-Jerusalem_Zoo_train.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Jerusalem_Zoo_train.jpg/330px-Jerusalem_Zoo_train.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Jerusalem_Zoo_train.jpg/440px-Jerusalem_Zoo_train.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>The zoo train</figcaption></figure> <p>The zoo is built on two main levels. A motorized train takes visitors on a circular route from the lower level to the upper level. The entire park is <a href="/wiki/Wheelchair-accessible" class="mw-redirect" title="Wheelchair-accessible">wheelchair-accessible</a>; each train can also accommodate one wheelchair.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The centerpiece of the lower level is an <a href="/wiki/Artificial_lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Artificial lake">artificial lake</a> which includes two islands of monkey exhibits.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lake is fed by a series of pools and waterfalls,<sup id="cite_ref-about_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> beginning at an <a href="/wiki/Artificial_waterfall" title="Artificial waterfall">artificial waterfall</a> called "Moses' Rock" (an allusion to the well of <a href="/wiki/Miriam" title="Miriam">Miriam</a> which provided water for the <a href="/wiki/Israelites" title="Israelites">Israelites</a> during their 40-year sojourn in the desert). Water is recycled and pumped back to Moses' Rock through an underground system.<sup id="cite_ref-born_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-born-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the western end of the park stands a two-story, boat-shaped wooden visitor's center meant to resemble <a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_Ark" title="Noah's Ark">Noah's Ark</a>. It contains an auditorium, an art gallery, a gift shop, a snack bar, and computer stations providing information on animals mentioned in the Bible.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_Zoo_Sculpture_Park.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Jerusalem_Zoo_Sculpture_Park.jpg/220px-Jerusalem_Zoo_Sculpture_Park.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Jerusalem_Zoo_Sculpture_Park.jpg/330px-Jerusalem_Zoo_Sculpture_Park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Jerusalem_Zoo_Sculpture_Park.jpg/440px-Jerusalem_Zoo_Sculpture_Park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Phantasmagorical sculptures by French sculptor <a href="/wiki/Niki_de_Saint_Phalle" title="Niki de Saint Phalle">Niki de Saint Phalle</a> in the Noah's Ark Sculpture Park</figcaption></figure> <p>The zoo operates several snack bars and a coffee shop. Picnic tables and benches are situated throughout the park. There is also an animal-themed jungle gym for children and a sculpture garden containing 23<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> phantasmagorical animal sculptures decorated with stones, mirrors, and mosaics,<sup id="cite_ref-crowne_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crowne-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which double as climbing toys, designed by <a href="/wiki/French_people" title="French people">French</a> sculptor <a href="/wiki/Niki_de_Saint_Phalle" title="Niki de Saint Phalle">Niki de Saint Phalle</a>, together with an underground Noah's Ark sculpture designed by Swiss architect Mario Botta.<sup id="cite_ref-born_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-born-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Children can also view <a href="/wiki/Three_dimensional" class="mw-redirect" title="Three dimensional">3D</a> films of animals in a small theater near the entrance to the zoo.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Animal_exhibits">Animal exhibits</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Animal exhibits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The traditional zoo infrastructure of bars and cages has been replaced by open areas separated from the public by trenches, <a href="/wiki/Moat" title="Moat">moats</a>, bridges, and glass windows; outdoor exhibits also have an indoor shelter in case of bad weather.<sup id="cite_ref-born_17-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-born-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The only areas in which the public has direct contact with the animals are <a href="/wiki/Lemur" title="Lemur">Lemur</a> Land, the "petting pool" at the Wet Side Story aquatic exhibit, and the children's zoo, where children can pet and feed <a href="/wiki/Pygmy_goat" class="mw-redirect" title="Pygmy goat">pygmy goats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">sheep</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rabbit" title="Rabbit">rabbits</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guinea_pig" title="Guinea pig">guinea pigs</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_Zoo_Arabian_oryx.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Jerusalem_Zoo_Arabian_oryx.jpg/220px-Jerusalem_Zoo_Arabian_oryx.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Jerusalem_Zoo_Arabian_oryx.jpg/330px-Jerusalem_Zoo_Arabian_oryx.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Jerusalem_Zoo_Arabian_oryx.jpg/440px-Jerusalem_Zoo_Arabian_oryx.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Scimitar_oryx" title="Scimitar oryx">Scimitar oryx</a> roam in an open reserve</figcaption></figure> <p>Animals and birds reside in natural habitats, from an African savannah to a tropical rain forest to the underground world of mice and cockroaches. The <a href="/wiki/Lesser_kestrel" title="Lesser kestrel">lesser kestrel</a> exhibit is designed as a house in Jerusalem's <a href="/wiki/Musrara,_Jerusalem" class="mw-redirect" title="Musrara, Jerusalem">Morasha</a> district, formerly a major nesting ground for these birds.<sup id="cite_ref-Tisch2009_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tisch2009-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each animal or bird which is mentioned in the Bible has a biblical verse in <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a> and <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> appended to its information sign.<sup id="cite_ref-askmen_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-askmen-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Behind the scenes, the zoo operates an animal medical center with surgery, recovery and treatment rooms, a laboratory, and a <a href="/wiki/Quarantine" title="Quarantine">quarantine</a> unit where incoming animals and zoo animals being sent to other zoos are tested for diseases. This medical center cares for all zoo animals except the elephants, giraffes, rhinoceroses, hippopotamus, and bison, which are treated in their own exhibits.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The parking lot accommodates 500 vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-born_17-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-born-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city named the street astride the zoo Derech Aharon Shulov (Aharon Shulov Way) after the zoo's founder.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Animal_species">Animal species</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Animal species"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2009, the zoo housed 2,200 animals representing 271 different species: 60 fish species, 68 mammal species, 28 reptile species, 11 amphibian species, and 104 bird species. Many species were introduced only in the last few years, as the collection numbered 208 species in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-attraction_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-attraction-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Food_sources">Food sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Food sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_Zoo_Nubian_ibex.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Jerusalem_Zoo_Nubian_ibex.jpg/220px-Jerusalem_Zoo_Nubian_ibex.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Jerusalem_Zoo_Nubian_ibex.jpg/330px-Jerusalem_Zoo_Nubian_ibex.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Jerusalem_Zoo_Nubian_ibex.jpg/440px-Jerusalem_Zoo_Nubian_ibex.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nubian_ibex" title="Nubian ibex">Nubian ibex</a> at feeding time</figcaption></figure> <p>The massive amount of fruits and vegetables consumed daily by the zoo's animals are acquired free of charge through an agreement Shulov worked out with Israeli companies that <a href="/wiki/Terumat_hamaaser" title="Terumat hamaaser">tithe</a> their produce in accordance with <a href="/wiki/Halakha" title="Halakha">Jewish law</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NY_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the days of the <a href="/wiki/Temple_in_Jerusalem" title="Temple in Jerusalem">Temple in Jerusalem</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Heave_offering" class="mw-redirect" title="Heave offering">terumah</a></i>, a tithe on agricultural produce, was designated for the <a href="/wiki/Kohen" title="Kohen">kohanim</a> (priests) and their animals. After the destruction of the Temple, the rabbis decreed that the tithed produce could not be used and had to be destroyed. The animals of the Biblical Zoo were symbolically sold to a <a href="/wiki/Kohen" title="Kohen">Kohen</a> so that this tithed produce could be given to them.<sup id="cite_ref-ohr_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ohr-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The animals of the Biblical Zoo receive nearly a ton of the choicest fruits and vegetables every day<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> through a distribution handled by the local religious council.<sup id="cite_ref-ohr_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ohr-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meat consumed by the carnivores is furnished by <a href="/wiki/Kashrut" title="Kashrut">kosher</a> butchers, <a href="/wiki/Veterinarian" title="Veterinarian">veterinarians</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fishermen" class="mw-redirect" title="Fishermen">fishermen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NY_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pruned branches from edible plants in the park, such as date palms, olive trees and carob trees, are also used for <a href="/wiki/Fodder" title="Fodder">fodder</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-green_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-green-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/Passover" title="Passover">Passover</a>, the entire zoo is <a href="/wiki/Chametz" title="Chametz">chametz</a>-free.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Four to six weeks before the holiday, the animal feed pellets are switched from wheat-based to rice-based ingredients, and after Passover they are gradually switched back to wheat-based.<sup id="cite_ref-kohn_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kohn-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Themes_and_focus">Themes and focus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Themes and focus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wildlife_conservation">Wildlife conservation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Wildlife conservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Syrian_brown_bears_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Syrian_brown_bears_01.jpg/220px-Syrian_brown_bears_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Syrian_brown_bears_01.jpg/330px-Syrian_brown_bears_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Syrian_brown_bears_01.jpg/440px-Syrian_brown_bears_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Syrian_brown_bear" title="Syrian brown bear">Syrian brown bears</a> at the zoo</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Addax-Jerusalem-Biblical-Zoo-IZE-481b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Addax-Jerusalem-Biblical-Zoo-IZE-481b.jpg/220px-Addax-Jerusalem-Biblical-Zoo-IZE-481b.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Addax-Jerusalem-Biblical-Zoo-IZE-481b.jpg/330px-Addax-Jerusalem-Biblical-Zoo-IZE-481b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Addax-Jerusalem-Biblical-Zoo-IZE-481b.jpg/440px-Addax-Jerusalem-Biblical-Zoo-IZE-481b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1893" data-file-height="1505" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Addax" title="Addax">Addax</a> in the African Yard of the zoo</figcaption></figure> <p>The zoo sees its primary goal as the conservation of <a href="/wiki/Endangered_species" title="Endangered species">endangered species</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-reintro_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reintro-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These include animals mentioned in the Bible which are now <a href="/wiki/Extinct" class="mw-redirect" title="Extinct">extinct</a> in Israel, such as the <a href="/wiki/Asian_lion" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian lion">Asian lion</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_brown_bear" title="Syrian brown bear">Syrian brown bear</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Asiatic_cheetah" title="Asiatic cheetah">Asiatic cheetah</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Nile_crocodile" title="Nile crocodile">Nile crocodile</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Persian_fallow_deer" title="Persian fallow deer">Persian fallow deer</a> (which has been reintroduced in Israel), and the <a href="/wiki/Critically_endangered" class="mw-redirect" title="Critically endangered">critically endangered</a> <a href="/wiki/Arabian_leopard" title="Arabian leopard">Arabian leopard</a> which is on the verge of extinction in Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-fodor_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fodor-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also includes endangered species worldwide, such as the <a href="/wiki/Asian_elephant" title="Asian elephant">Asian elephant</a> (which historically also lived in the Levant), rare species of <a href="/wiki/Macaw" title="Macaw">macaw</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-fodor_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fodor-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Cockatiel" title="Cockatiel">cockatiel</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ibis" title="Ibis">ibis</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Golden_lion_tamarin" title="Golden lion tamarin">golden lion tamarin</a>. </p><p>Towards that end, the zoo undertakes to <a href="/wiki/Captive_breeding" title="Captive breeding">breed animals in captivity</a> and, in some cases, reintroduce them to the wild. Through this program, the zoo has successfully increased the number of Persian fallow deer in Israel. This species was thought to be extinct in the 20th century until a small number of deer were located in <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> in 1956. In 1978, four of these deer were brought to Israel and have since increased to several hundred, with a major breeding colony at the Jerusalem Biblical Zoo.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A concurrent project to protect the <a href="/wiki/Kleinmann%27s_tortoise" title="Kleinmann's tortoise">Negev tortoise</a> from extinction involves breeding from artificially-incubated eggs.<sup id="cite_ref-Tisch2007_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tisch2007-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is a captive breeding programme for the blind <a href="/wiki/Troglofauna" title="Troglofauna">cave</a> <a href="/wiki/Shrimp" title="Shrimp">shrimp</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Typhlocaris_galilea" title="Typhlocaris galilea">Typhlocaris galilea</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kloosterman_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kloosterman-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the zoo's National Center for Artificial Incubation of Raptor Eggs, eggs of <a href="/wiki/Bird_of_prey" title="Bird of prey">raptors</a> that are either extinct or severely decimated in Israel are incubated from captive-breeding pairs.<sup id="cite_ref-Tisch2007_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tisch2007-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Griffon_vulture" class="mw-redirect" title="Griffon vulture">griffon vulture</a>, an endangered species, is the subject of much research activity. The zoo has successfully mated vultures with crippled wings – a feat that <a href="/wiki/Ornithology" title="Ornithology">ornithologists</a> previously thought could not be accomplished because these birds could not balance themselves properly.<sup id="cite_ref-vultures_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vultures-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has also used two male vultures to hatch and raise chicks from incubated eggs.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, the zoo participates in a countrywide breeding program coordinated by the Israel Nature and Parks Authority to increase the birth rate of griffon vultures in the wild.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The zoo conducts a small ceremony each time it returns a bird to the wild. In 1996, for the release of a griffon vulture which it named "Freedom", the zoo invited the mother of captured <a href="/wiki/Israelis" title="Israelis">Israeli</a> <a href="/wiki/Navigator" title="Navigator">navigator</a> <a href="/wiki/Ron_Arad_(pilot)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ron Arad (pilot)">Ron Arad</a> to help release the bird.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Asian_Elephant_and_Baby.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Asian_Elephant_and_Baby.JPG/220px-Asian_Elephant_and_Baby.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Asian_Elephant_and_Baby.JPG/330px-Asian_Elephant_and_Baby.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Asian_Elephant_and_Baby.JPG/440px-Asian_Elephant_and_Baby.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>The year-old <a href="/wiki/Gabi_(elephant)" title="Gabi (elephant)">Gabi</a> (left) with his mother Tamar in the elephant enclosure, January 2007</figcaption></figure> <p>The zoo is considered a world leader and educator in reproductive intervention.<sup id="cite_ref-protecting_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-protecting-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It achieved a major success in December 2005 with the birth of <a href="/wiki/Gabi_(elephant)" title="Gabi (elephant)">Gabi</a>, the first <a href="/wiki/Elephant" title="Elephant">elephant</a> conceived in Israel through <a href="/wiki/Artificial_insemination#Artificial_insemination_in_livestock_and_pets" title="Artificial insemination">artificial insemination</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In conjunction with a team from the Reproduction Management Institute for Zoo Biology and Wildlife Research of Berlin, zoo veterinarians impregnated one of their female elephants, Tamar, with <a href="/wiki/Sperm" title="Sperm">sperm</a> obtained from Emmett, a bull elephant in the <a href="/wiki/Whipsnade_Zoo" title="Whipsnade Zoo">Whipsnade Animal Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bedfordshire" title="Bedfordshire">Bedfordshire</a>, England.<sup id="cite_ref-protecting_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-protecting-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 10 December 2005, Gabi's six-hour birth was viewed by over 350,000 people in 108 countries via <a href="/wiki/Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">live streaming</a> on the zoo's website.<sup id="cite_ref-life_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-life-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The zoo has also pioneered the use of animal birth control. It was the first to use a <a href="/wiki/Tranquilliser_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="Tranquilliser gun">dart gun</a> to implant a slow-release hormone into the thigh of a female giraffe; she is the daughter of the zoo's bull giraffe, and inbreeding is inadvisable. The zoo uses slow-release hormones to control its <a href="/wiki/Common_chimpanzee" class="mw-redirect" title="Common chimpanzee">chimpanzee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mandrill" title="Mandrill">mandrill</a> populations, which are reproducing too quickly for the space they occupy; letting the animals multiply and sending family members to other zoos is unwise, according to veterinarians.<sup id="cite_ref-protecting_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-protecting-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Newborn animals that are threatened or ignored by their parents are raised by the veterinary staff. On 31 December 2008, for example, a newborn tiger cub ignored by its mother was taken home by a staff member to be bottle-fed.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A newborn leopard rejected by its mother spent its days at the zoo and nights at veterinarians' homes for its first three and a half months of life.<sup id="cite_ref-kohn_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kohn-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The zoo also provides medical treatment for animals and birds injured in the wild.<sup id="cite_ref-Tisch2006_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tisch2006-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The wildlife is either released back to their natural environment (if they are healthy enough) or placed in other zoos. In the late 2000s, an <a href="/wiki/Aviary" title="Aviary">aviary</a> was built for <a href="/wiki/Eagle_owl" class="mw-redirect" title="Eagle owl">eagle owls</a> which the zoo is nursing back to health.<sup id="cite_ref-Tisch2007_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tisch2007-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_education">Public education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Public education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_Zoo_snake_exhibit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Jerusalem_Zoo_snake_exhibit.jpg/220px-Jerusalem_Zoo_snake_exhibit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Jerusalem_Zoo_snake_exhibit.jpg/330px-Jerusalem_Zoo_snake_exhibit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Jerusalem_Zoo_snake_exhibit.jpg/440px-Jerusalem_Zoo_snake_exhibit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Children view a <a href="/wiki/Snake" title="Snake">snake</a> behind protective glass.</figcaption></figure> <p>Public education is another prime focus of the zoo. According to Shai Doron, director-general of the zoo since 1993,<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Our moral right to exist comes from educating and raising the awareness of our visitors."<sup id="cite_ref-life_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-life-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many <a href="/wiki/Israelis" title="Israelis">Israelis</a>, both Jewish and Arab, are not familiar with zoos and get "overexcited" at seeing the animals on display.<sup id="cite_ref-NY_10-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dozens of zoo personnel man the displays during peak holiday times to stop visitors from throwing food and other items at the animals. The animals do have a preference for <a href="/wiki/Bamba_(snack)" title="Bamba (snack)">Bamba</a>, the popular children's peanut-and-corn snack (though it gives the monkeys <a href="/wiki/Diarrhea" title="Diarrhea">diarrhea</a>); other common projectiles include bottles, plastic bags, and children's shoes.<sup id="cite_ref-beastly_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beastly-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1997 a <a href="/wiki/Toco_toucan" title="Toco toucan">toco toucan</a> was found dead in its cage next to pieces of <a href="/wiki/Avocado" title="Avocado">avocado</a>, a known bird <a href="/wiki/Toxin" title="Toxin">toxin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-beastly_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beastly-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006 a <a href="/wiki/Hippopotamus" title="Hippopotamus">hippopotamus</a> died after swallowing a tennis ball tossed into its enclosure.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over the past decade and a half, the zoo staff claims that public awareness has improved.<sup id="cite_ref-beastly_54-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beastly-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Through visiting school groups, after-school groups, special-education groups and summer camps, children learn about and interact with the animals.<sup id="cite_ref-born_17-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-born-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Educational activities for children, including the zoo's own youth movement, promote interracial encounters between Arab and Jewish youth.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The zoo also mounts a traveling workshop called the Zoomobile, which brings small animals in cages and a sound system carrying the sounds of larger animals to schools, hospitals, and other locations.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environmental_awareness">Environmental awareness</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Environmental awareness"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_Zoo_Wet_Side_Story.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Jerusalem_Zoo_Wet_Side_Story.jpg/220px-Jerusalem_Zoo_Wet_Side_Story.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Jerusalem_Zoo_Wet_Side_Story.jpg/330px-Jerusalem_Zoo_Wet_Side_Story.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Jerusalem_Zoo_Wet_Side_Story.jpg/440px-Jerusalem_Zoo_Wet_Side_Story.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>An animated water droplet projected onto a cascade of running water "talks" to visitors at the Wet Side Story aquatic exhibit.</figcaption></figure> <p>The zoo teaches <a href="/wiki/Environmentalism" title="Environmentalism">environmentalism</a> both in its exhibits and by personal example. Since 1997<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it has featured an "ecological maze"<sup id="cite_ref-crowne_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crowne-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – a short path meandering through high bushes with signs that highlight ecological challenges in Israel. In spring 2010 it unveiled a $1.5 million aquatic exhibit called "Wet Side Story"<sup id="cite_ref-beach_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beach-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which stresses the importance of water conservation, ecology awareness, and water challenges in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a> and around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-Tisch2009_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tisch2009-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This exhibit displays rare and endangered marine life<sup id="cite_ref-beach_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beach-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 17 large <a href="/wiki/Aquarium" title="Aquarium">aquariums</a> and three huge water tanks measuring 2 × 4 metres (7 × 14 ft). There is also an outdoor "petting pool" where visitors can touch and feed <a href="/wiki/Koi" title="Koi">koi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In keeping with its "green" policy, the zoo maintains its own <a href="/wiki/Sewage_treatment" title="Sewage treatment">sewage treatment</a> system and uses <a href="/wiki/Reclaimed_water" title="Reclaimed water">recycled water</a> to irrigate its gardens. Food and animal waste are mixed with plant material and placed in large <a href="/wiki/Compost" title="Compost">compost</a> piles; the compost is used to <a href="/wiki/Fertilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Fertilization">fertilize</a> the trees and shrubs.<sup id="cite_ref-Tisch2009_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tisch2009-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The zoo sells its organic compost in the gift shop.<sup id="cite_ref-green_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-green-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006 receptacles for collecting used plastic drink bottles were installed next to each of the snack bars, and used batteries are collected at the gift shop.<sup id="cite_ref-Tisch2006_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tisch2006-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To reduce <a href="/wiki/Carbon_emission" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon emission">carbon emissions</a> and traffic, the zoo schedules the use of delivery and security vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-green_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-green-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research">Research</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Jerusalem Biblical Zoo participates in national and international research projects in the fields of zoology, biology, and environmental science, and publishes papers in journals and at scientific meetings.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Through its Aharon Shulov Fund for the Study of Animals in Captivity, it also provides grants for research on animal welfare and husbandry, animal reintroduction, reproduction of endangered species, <a href="/wiki/Conservation_genetics" title="Conservation genetics">conservation genetics</a>, and exotic animal nutrition and medical care.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Fund is sponsored by Shulov's family, the Friends of the Zoo Association, and the Jerusalem Zoo.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The zoo hosts academic seminars and student research at the Gabi Center, located in a 21-square-foot (2.0 m<sup>2</sup>) facility inside the main entrance. The center was named in memory of Dr. Gabi Eshkar, deputy director-general and chief veterinarian of the zoo for over 17 years, who was killed in an automobile accident in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Affiliations">Affiliations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Affiliations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_Zoo_flamingos.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Jerusalem_Zoo_flamingos.jpg/180px-Jerusalem_Zoo_flamingos.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Jerusalem_Zoo_flamingos.jpg/270px-Jerusalem_Zoo_flamingos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Jerusalem_Zoo_flamingos.jpg/360px-Jerusalem_Zoo_flamingos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Flamingo" title="Flamingo">Flamingos</a> at the zoo</figcaption></figure> <p>The Jerusalem Biblical Zoo is a full member of the <a href="/wiki/European_Association_of_Zoos_and_Aquaria" title="European Association of Zoos and Aquaria">European Association of Zoos and Aquaria</a> (EAZA).<sup id="cite_ref-eaza_list_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eaza_list-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zoo director-general Shai Doron is the only EAZA Council Member from Israel in the 2009–2012 season,<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while general curator Shmulik Yedvab has been EAZA's <a href="/wiki/European_Endangered_Species_Programme" class="mw-redirect" title="European Endangered Species Programme">European Endangered Species Programme</a> project coordinator for the <a href="/wiki/White-tailed_sea_eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="White-tailed sea eagle">white-tailed sea eagle</a> population of Europe and Asia since 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-protecting_47-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-protecting-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The zoo is also a member of the <a href="/wiki/World_Association_of_Zoos_and_Aquariums" title="World Association of Zoos and Aquariums">World Association of Zoos and Aquariums</a> (WAZA),<sup id="cite_ref-waza_list_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-waza_list-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Israel_Zoo_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Israel Zoo Association (page does not exist)">Israel Zoo Association</a> (which it helped form),<sup id="cite_ref-iza_list_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iza_list-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/International_Species_Information_System" class="mw-redirect" title="International Species Information System">International Species Information System</a> (ISIS).<sup id="cite_ref-isis_list_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isis_list-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Members of the veterinary staff belong to the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, the European Association of Zoo and Wildlife Veterinarians, and the European Group on Zoo Animal Contraception.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Visitors_and_volunteers">Visitors and volunteers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Visitors and volunteers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_Zoo_petting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Jerusalem_Zoo_petting.jpg/220px-Jerusalem_Zoo_petting.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Jerusalem_Zoo_petting.jpg/330px-Jerusalem_Zoo_petting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Jerusalem_Zoo_petting.jpg/440px-Jerusalem_Zoo_petting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>A boy tries to pet the <a href="/wiki/Goat" title="Goat">goats</a> at the children's petting zoo.</figcaption></figure> <p>A record 738,000 people visited the zoo in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-attraction_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-attraction-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The zoo does a brisk business in tourist groups, school groups, and summer camps: over 120,000 visitors arrived in groups in 2009. Included in the total are 63 groups of <a href="/wiki/Special_needs" title="Special needs">special-needs</a> children, both Jewish and Arab,<sup id="cite_ref-Tisch2006_52-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tisch2006-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who participate in weekly sessions of <a href="/wiki/Animal-assisted_therapy" title="Animal-assisted therapy">animal-assisted therapy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Tisch2009_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tisch2009-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Total capacity in the park is 11,000 visitors.<sup id="cite_ref-crowne_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crowne-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over 50 volunteers assist zoo operations on a weekly basis.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The zoo's youth movement, called <i>Tnuat Noach</i> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">תנועת נח</span>, "Noah's Movement"), involves teens aged 13–15 as volunteers in the children's zoo, small animal building, and bird and herbivores sections.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Members meet weekly with zoo staff and participate in hikes and expeditions in nature reserves.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2013 a Zoo Guide application for iPhone and iPad was released, which includes GPS navigation within the zoo, detailed information (written, pictorial and audio) about the animals, and a detailed daily schedule of feedings and events.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Special_events">Special events</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Special events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The zoo, which is open every day of the year except <a href="/wiki/Yom_Kippur" title="Yom Kippur">Yom Kippur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yom_HaShoah" title="Yom HaShoah">Yom HaShoah</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Yom_Hazikaron" class="mw-redirect" title="Yom Hazikaron">Yom HaZikaron</a>, schedules special activities on selected dates. Tree-planting activities are an annual <a href="/wiki/Tu_Bishvat" class="mw-redirect" title="Tu Bishvat">Tu Bishvat</a> tradition. On both days of <a href="/wiki/Purim" title="Purim">Purim</a> there is a parade, a family costume competition, and a <a href="/wiki/Tug_of_war" title="Tug of war">tug of war</a> between the entire <a href="/wiki/Hapoel_Jerusalem_B.C." title="Hapoel Jerusalem B.C.">Hapoel Jerusalem Basketball Team</a> and one of the elephants (the elephant always wins). On Israel's <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Israel" title="Elections in Israel">Election Day</a>, zoo goers are encouraged to vote for their favorite animal.<sup id="cite_ref-Tisch2006_52-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tisch2006-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the summer, the zoo conducts tours of <a href="/wiki/Nocturnality" title="Nocturnality">nocturnal</a> animals in the wee hours of the night. It also schedules jazz concerts, juggling, and workshops during school vacations.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Expansion_plans">Expansion plans</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Expansion plans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Strategic_planning" title="Strategic planning">master plan</a> for expansion is drafted by the zoo's main planning body, the International Zoological Committee, which is staffed by professionals in wildlife conservation, zoo management, education, tourism and economics. This committee convened in 1993, before the reopening of the zoo, and again in 1996, when it drafted plans for adding additional animal exhibits and visitor attractions by 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-life_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-life-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>New plans have been drawn up for an educational center and an exhibit called <i>Yemei Bereishit</i> (In the Days of Genesis) which replicates Biblical conditions and excludes all modern devices, including cell phones. The $30 million project will be paid for by private donations.<sup id="cite_ref-life_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-life-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-life-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-life_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-life_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-life_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-life_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-life_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-life_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFStromberg2010" class="citation news cs1">Stromberg, David (22 August 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jpost.com/Home/Article.aspx?id=112016">"A Life of Its Own"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jerusalem_Post" title="The Jerusalem Post">The Jerusalem Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Redefining+Zoos&rft.issue=105&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Gleit&rft.aufirst=Heidi+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eretz.com%2FNEW%2Fzoo1.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJerusalem+Biblical+Zoo" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-isis_list-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-isis_list_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-isis_list_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721175202/http://forest.up.nic.in/ftikanpur/wltraining/international%20sps%20information%20system.pdf">"Appendix F – ISIS Members"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iphone+App+for+the+Jerusalem+Biblical+Zoo%21&rft.pub=Jerusalem+Zoo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jerusalemzoo.org.il%2Flen%2Fapage%2F3208.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJerusalem+Biblical+Zoo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110711054058/http://www.funinjerusalem.com/fun-list-categories/106-biblical-zoo.html49353-kids20with20sheep/?lang=en&font-size=smaller">"Biblical Zoo"</a>. funinjerusalem.com. 23 February 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.funinjerusalem.com/fun-list-categories/106-biblical-zoo.html49353-kids20with20sheep/?lang=en&font-size=smaller">the original</a> on 11 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biblical+Zoo&rft.pub=funinjerusalem.com&rft.date=2010-02-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.funinjerusalem.com%2Ffun-list-categories%2F106-biblical-zoo.html49353-kids20with20sheep%2F%3Flang%3Den%26font-size%3Dsmaller&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJerusalem+Biblical+Zoo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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Aviv-Ramat Gan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yotvata_Hai-Bar_Nature_Reserve" title="Yotvata Hai-Bar Nature Reserve">Yotvata Hai-Bar Nature Reserve</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/32px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/48px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/64px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2064" data-file-height="1413" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Animals" title="Portal:Animals">Animals portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tourism_in_Jerusalem" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tourism_in_Jerusalem" title="Template:Tourism in Jerusalem"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tourism_in_Jerusalem" title="Template talk:Tourism in Jerusalem"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tourism_in_Jerusalem" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tourism in Jerusalem"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tourism_in_Jerusalem" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Tourism in Jerusalem</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armon_HaNatziv" class="mw-redirect" title="Armon HaNatziv">Armon HaNatziv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chords_Bridge" title="Chords Bridge">Chords Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dome_of_the_Rock" title="Dome of the Rock">Dome of the Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gates_of_the_Old_City_of_Jerusalem" title="Gates of the Old City of Jerusalem">Gates of the Old City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Damascus_Gate" title="Damascus Gate">Damascus Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dung_Gate" title="Dung Gate">Dung Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_(Jerusalem)" title="Golden Gate (Jerusalem)">Golden Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herod%27s_Gate" title="Herod's Gate">Herod's Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaffa_Gate" title="Jaffa Gate">Jaffa Gate</a> (<a href="/wiki/The_Architects_Tombs_at_Jaffa_Gate" class="mw-redirect" title="The Architects Tombs at Jaffa Gate">The Architects Tombs at Jaffa Gate</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lions%27_Gate" title="Lions' Gate">Lions' Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Gate" title="New Gate">New Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zion_Gate" title="Zion Gate">Zion Gate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knesset" title="Knesset">Knesset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montefiore_Windmill" title="Montefiore Windmill">Montefiore Windmill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Israel" title="National Library of Israel">National Library of Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem%E2%80%93Yitzhak_Navon_railway_station" title="Jerusalem–Yitzhak Navon railway station">Navon railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrine_of_the_Book" title="Shrine of the Book">Shrine of the Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Israel" title="Supreme Court of Israel">Supreme Court of Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Mount" title="Temple Mount">Temple Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_of_David" title="Tower of David">Tower of David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walls_of_Jerusalem" title="Walls of Jerusalem">Walls of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Wall" title="Western Wall">Western Wall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible_Lands_Museum" title="Bible Lands Museum">Bible Lands Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomfield_Science_Museum" title="Bloomfield Science Museum">Bloomfield Science Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnt_House" title="Burnt House">Burnt House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_the_Holocaust" title="Chamber of the Holocaust">Chamber of the Holocaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_of_Zion_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Friends of Zion Museum">Friends of Zion Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heichal_Shlomo" title="Heichal Shlomo">Heichal Shlomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herodian_Quarter" title="Herodian Quarter">Herodian Quarter – Wohl Archaeological Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herzl_Museum" title="Herzl Museum">Herzl Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Museum,_Jerusalem" title="Islamic Museum, Jerusalem">Islamic Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Museum" title="Israel Museum">Israel Museum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shrine_of_the_Book" title="Shrine of the Book">Shrine of the Book</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin_Heritage_Center" title="Menachem Begin Heritage Center">Menachem Begin Heritage Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_for_Islamic_Art,_Jerusalem" title="Museum for Islamic Art, Jerusalem">Museum for Islamic Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Tolerance_Jerusalem" title="Museum of Tolerance Jerusalem">Museum of Tolerance Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Underground_Prisoners" title="Museum of Underground Prisoners">Museum of Underground Prisoners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_on_the_Seam" title="Museum on the Seam">Museum on the Seam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Africa_Jewish_Heritage_Center" title="North Africa Jewish Heritage Center">North Africa Jewish Heritage Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Yishuv_Courtyard" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Yishuv Courtyard">Old Yishuv Courtyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulus-Haus" title="Paulus-Haus">Paulus-Haus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Archeological_Museum" title="Rockefeller Archeological Museum">Rockefeller Archeological Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Compound" title="Russian Compound">Russian Compound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schottenstein_campus" class="mw-redirect" title="Schottenstein campus">Schottenstein campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siebenberg_House" title="Siebenberg House">Siebenberg House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stern_House" title="Stern House">Stern House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Institute" title="Temple Institute">Temple Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terra_Sancta_Museum" title="Terra Sancta Museum">Terra Sancta Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ticho_House" title="Ticho House">Ticho House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_of_David" title="Tower of David">Tower of David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U._Nahon_Museum_of_Italian_Jewish_Art" title="U. Nahon Museum of Italian Jewish Art">U. Nahon Museum of Italian Jewish Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yad_Levi_Eshkol" title="Yad Levi Eshkol">Yad Levi Eshkol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yad_Vashem" title="Yad Vashem">Yad Vashem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Judaism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ades_Synagogue" title="Ades Synagogue">Ades Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Yishuv_Courtyard#Ari_Synagogue" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Yishuv Courtyard">Ari Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_El_Kabbalist_yeshiva" title="Beit El Kabbalist yeshiva">Beit El Kabbalist yeshiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belz_Great_Synagogue" title="Belz Great Synagogue">Belz Great Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Sephardic_Synagogues" title="Four Sephardic Synagogues">Four Sephardic Synagogues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Synagogue_(Jerusalem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Synagogue (Jerusalem)">Great Synagogue of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecht_Synagogue" title="Hecht Synagogue">Hecht Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heichal_Shlomo" title="Heichal Shlomo">Heichal Shlomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurva_Synagogue" title="Hurva Synagogue">Hurva Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohel_Yitzchak_Synagogue" title="Ohel Yitzchak Synagogue">Ohel Yitzchak Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohr_ha-Chaim_Synagogue" title="Ohr ha-Chaim Synagogue">Ohr ha-Chaim Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Motza_Synagogue" title="Old Motza Synagogue">Old Motza Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Or_Zaruaa_Synagogue" title="Or Zaruaa Synagogue">Or Zaruaa Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabbi_Dr._I._Goldstein_Synagogue" title="Rabbi Dr. I. Goldstein Synagogue">Rabbi Dr. I. Goldstein Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramban_Synagogue" title="Ramban Synagogue">Ramban Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Mount" title="Temple Mount">Temple Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiferet_Yisrael_Synagogue" title="Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue">Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzuf_Dvash_Synagogue" title="Tzuf Dvash Synagogue">Tzuf Dvash Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Wall" title="Western Wall">Western Wall‎</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Wall_Plaza" title="Western Wall Plaza">Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson%27s_Arch_(Jerusalem)" title="Wilson's Arch (Jerusalem)">Wilson's Arch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoharei_Chama_Synagogue" title="Zoharei Chama Synagogue">Zoharei Chama Synagogue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Christianity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_Simon_of_Cyrene" title="Chapel of Simon of Cyrene">Chapel of Simon of Cyrene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Our_Lady_of_the_Annunciation,_Jerusalem" title="Cathedral of Our Lady of the Annunciation, Jerusalem">Cathedral of the Annunciation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Flagellation" title="Church of the Flagellation">Church of the Flagellation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Church of the Holy Sepulchre">Church of the Holy Sepulchre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deir_es-Sultan" title="Deir es-Sultan">Deir es-Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_Saint_Helena,_Jerusalem" title="Chapel of Saint Helena, Jerusalem">Chapel of Saint Helena</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Anne,_Jerusalem" title="Church of Saint Anne, Jerusalem">Church of Saint Anne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Family,_Jerusalem" title="Church of the Holy Family, Jerusalem">Church of the Holy Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-Cathedral_of_the_Most_Holy_Name_of_Jesus" title="Co-Cathedral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus">Co-Cathedral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Garden_Tomb" title="The Garden Tomb">Garden Tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gethsemane" title="Gethsemane">Gethsemane</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_All_Nations" title="Church of All Nations">Church of All Nations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_Saint_Saviour" title="Monastery of Saint Saviour">Monastery of Saint Saviour</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Via_Dolorosa" title="Via Dolorosa">Via Dolorosa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islam</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Aqsa_Mosque" title="Al-Aqsa Mosque">Al-Aqsa Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Khanqah_al-Salahiyya_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Khanqah al-Salahiyya Mosque">Al-Khanqah al-Salahiyya Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa_Al-Ashrafiyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Madrasa Al-Ashrafiyya">Madrasa Al-Ashrafiyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marwani_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Marwani Mosque">Marwani Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Omar_(Jerusalem)" title="Mosque of Omar (Jerusalem)">Mosque of Omar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Archaeological sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broad_Wall_(Jerusalem)" title="Broad Wall (Jerusalem)">Broad Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Nicanor" title="Cave of Nicanor">Cave of Nicanor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_the_Minor_Sanhedrin" title="Cave of the Minor Sanhedrin">Cave of the Minor Sanhedrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_the_Ramban" title="Cave of the Ramban">Cave of the Ramban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_David_(archaeological_site)" title="City of David (archaeological site)">City of David</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siloam_tunnel" title="Siloam tunnel">Siloam tunnel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_Lavan" title="Ein Lavan">Ein Lavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israelite_Tower" title="Israelite Tower">Israelite Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason%27s_Tomb" title="Jason's Tomb">Jason's Tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Archaeological_Park" title="Jerusalem Archaeological Park">Jerusalem Archaeological Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Walls_National_Park" title="Jerusalem Walls National Park">Jerusalem Walls National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketef_Hinnom" title="Ketef Hinnom">Ketef Hinnom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamilla_Pool" title="Mamilla Pool">Mamilla Pool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Seat_of_Mary" title="Church of the Seat of Mary">Old Kathisma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cardo_(Jerusalem)" title="The Cardo (Jerusalem)">The Cardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Absalom" title="Tomb of Absalom">Tomb of Absalom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Benei_Hezir" title="Tomb of Benei Hezir">Tomb of Benei Hezir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tombs_of_the_Kings_(Jerusalem)" title="Tombs of the Kings (Jerusalem)">Tombs of the Kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Prophets" title="Tomb of the Prophets">Tomb of the Prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tombs_of_the_Sanhedrin" title="Tombs of the Sanhedrin">Tombs of the Sanhedrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Zechariah" title="Tomb of Zechariah">Tomb of Zechariah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_of_David_(northeast_tower)" title="Tower of David (northeast tower)">Tower of David (northeast tower)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Wall_Tunnel" title="Western Wall Tunnel">Western Wall Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zedekiah%27s_Cave" title="Zedekiah's Cave">Zedekiah's Cave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gates, streets, squares, areas of interest</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bukharan_Quarter" title="Bukharan Quarter">Bukharan Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutzot_HaYotzer" title="Hutzot HaYotzer">Artists' Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_Kerem" class="mw-redirect" title="Ein Kerem">Ein Kerem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia_Street" title="Ethiopia Street">Ethiopia Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaffa_Road" title="Jaffa Road">Jaffa Road</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Davidka_Square" title="Davidka Square">Davidka Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zion_Square" title="Zion Square">Zion Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzahal_Square" class="mw-redirect" title="Tzahal Square">Tzahal Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safra_Square" title="Safra Square">Safra Square</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_City_of_Jerusalem" title="Old City of Jerusalem">Old City of Jerusalem</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Quarter_(Jerusalem)" title="Jewish Quarter (Jerusalem)">Jewish Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Quarter" title="Christian Quarter">Christian Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Quarter_(Jerusalem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenian Quarter (Jerusalem)">Armenian Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Quarter_(Jerusalem)" title="Muslim Quarter (Jerusalem)">Muslim Quarter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muristan" title="Muristan">Muristan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahalat_Shiv%27a" title="Nahalat Shiv'a">Nahalat Shiv'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Square_(Jerusalem)" title="Paris Square (Jerusalem)">Paris Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemin_Moshe" title="Yemin Moshe">Yemin Moshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zion_Square" title="Zion Square">Zion Square</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parks and gardens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible_Hill,_Jerusalem" title="Bible Hill, Jerusalem">Bible Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_of_the_Righteous_Among_the_Nations" title="Garden of the Righteous Among the Nations">Garden of the Righteous Among the Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazelle_Valley" title="Gazelle Valley">Gazelle Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Park_(Jerusalem)" title="Independence Park (Jerusalem)">Independence Park</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jerusalem Biblical Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Bird_Observatory" title="Jerusalem Bird Observatory">Jerusalem Bird Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Botanical_Gardens" title="Jerusalem Botanical Gardens">Jerusalem Botanical Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Trail" title="Jerusalem Trail">Jerusalem Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Bell_Park" title="Liberty Bell Park">Liberty Bell Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Metropolitan_Park" title="Jerusalem Metropolitan Park">Jerusalem Metropolitan Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Hyde_Memorial_Garden" title="Orson Hyde Memorial Garden">Orson Hyde Memorial Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacher_Park" title="Sacher Park">Sacher Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Nature_Park_%26_Galleries,_Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" title="The Nature Park & Galleries, Hebrew University of Jerusalem">The Nature Park & Galleries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teddy_Park_(Jerusalem)" title="Teddy Park (Jerusalem)">Teddy Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Train_Track_Park" title="Train Track Park">Train Track Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wohl_Rose_Park" title="Wohl Rose Park">Wohl Rose Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yad_Kennedy" title="Yad Kennedy">Yad Kennedy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Givat_Ram_Stadium" title="Givat Ram Stadium">Givat Ram Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Sports_Quarter" title="Jerusalem Sports Quarter">Jerusalem Sports Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malha_Arena" title="Malha Arena">Malha Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pais_Arena" title="Pais Arena">Pais Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teddy_Stadium" title="Teddy Stadium">Teddy Stadium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hotels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Colony_Hotel" title="American Colony Hotel">American Colony Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Pilgrim_Hospice_to_the_Holy_Family" title="Austrian Pilgrim Hospice to the Holy Family">Austrian Pilgrim Hospice to the Holy Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Citadel_Hotel" title="David Citadel Hotel">David Citadel Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Heritage_House" title="The Heritage House">The Heritage House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inbal_Jerusalem_Hotel" title="Inbal Jerusalem Hotel">Inbal Jerusalem Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Gate_Hotel" title="Jerusalem Gate Hotel">Jerusalem Gate Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_David_Hotel" title="King David Hotel">King David Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_Plaza_Hotel_Jerusalem" title="Leonardo Plaza Hotel Jerusalem">Leonardo Plaza Hotel Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_of_Olives_Hotel" title="Mount of Olives Hotel">Mount of Olives Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Arches_Hotel" title="Seven Arches Hotel">Seven Arches Hotel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cemeteries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Har_HaMenuchot" title="Har HaMenuchot">Har HaMenuchot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamilla_Cemetery" title="Mamilla Cemetery">Mamilla Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_of_Olives_Jewish_Cemetery" title="Mount of Olives Jewish Cemetery">Mount of Olives Jewish Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Herzl" title="Mount Herzl">Mount Herzl</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garden_of_the_Missing_in_Action" title="Garden of the Missing in Action">Garden of the Missing in Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victims_of_Acts_of_Terror_Memorial" title="Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial">Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanhedria_Cemetery" title="Sanhedria Cemetery">Sanhedria Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaare_Zedek_Cemetery,_Jerusalem" title="Shaare Zedek Cemetery, Jerusalem">Shaare Zedek Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Badr_Cemetery" title="Sheikh Badr Cemetery">Sheikh Badr Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabachnik_Garden" title="Tabachnik Garden">Tabachnik Garden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entertainment and performance arts centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Behar_Center" title="Gerard Behar Center">Gerard Behar Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Convention_Center_(Jerusalem)" title="International Convention Center (Jerusalem)">International Convention Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Cinematheque" title="Jerusalem Cinematheque">Jerusalem Cinematheque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Theatre" title="Jerusalem Theatre">Jerusalem Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Khan_Theatre" title="Jerusalem Khan Theatre">Khan Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Markets and shopping centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Yehuda_Street_(Jerusalem)" title="Ben Yehuda Street (Jerusalem)">Ben Yehuda Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahane_Yehuda_Market" title="Mahane Yehuda Market">Mahane Yehuda Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malha_Mall" title="Malha Mall">Malha Mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamilla_Mall" title="Mamilla Mall">Mamilla Mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Souk_(Old_City)" title="Arab Souk (Old City)">Suq el-Bazaar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Jerusalem_Biennale_(2013)" title="1st Jerusalem Biennale (2013)">1st Jerusalem Biennale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_Prayer_for_the_Peace_of_Jerusalem" title="Day of Prayer for the Peace of Jerusalem">Day of Prayer for the Peace of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Fire" title="Holy Fire">Holy Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Festival" title="Israel Festival">Israel Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Day" title="Jerusalem Day">Jerusalem Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Festival_of_Light" title="Jerusalem Festival of Light">Jerusalem Festival of Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Film_Festival" title="Jerusalem Film Festival">Jerusalem Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Jerusalem#Events_and_festivals" title="Cuisine of Jerusalem">Jerusalem Food Truck Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Mount_Sifting_Project" title="Temple Mount Sifting Project">Temple Mount Sifting Project</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture and <a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Jerusalem" title="Cuisine of Jerusalem">cuisine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_ceramics_in_Jerusalem" title="Armenian ceramics in Jerusalem">Armenian ceramics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Placing_notes_in_the_Western_Wall" title="Placing notes in the Western Wall">Placing notes in the Western Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_bagel" title="Jerusalem bagel">Jerusalem bagel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_mixed_grill" title="Jerusalem mixed grill">Jerusalem mixed grill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubbeh" title="Kubbeh">Kubbeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kugel_Yerushalmi" title="Kugel Yerushalmi">Kugel Yerushalmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macaroni_Hamin" title="Macaroni Hamin">Macaroni Hamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orez_Shu%27it" title="Orez Shu'it">Orez Shu'it</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofrito_(stew)" title="Sofrito (stew)">Sofrito</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_syndrome" title="Jerusalem syndrome">Jerusalem syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Jerusalem" title="Cuisine of Jerusalem">Cuisine of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Israel" title="Tourism in Israel">Tourism in Israel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2915736#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2915736#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2915736#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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