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href="#Creation_for_the_original_films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Creation for the original films </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Creation_for_the_original_films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prequel_films_and_midi-chlorians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prequel_films_and_midi-chlorians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Prequel films and midi-chlorians </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prequel_films_and_midi-chlorians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sequel_films_and_other_productions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sequel_films_and_other_productions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Sequel films and other productions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sequel_films_and_other_productions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Depiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Depiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Depiction </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Depiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Analysis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Analysis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Analysis </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Analysis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Analysis subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Analysis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Comparison_to_magic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comparison_to_magic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Comparison to magic </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comparison_to_magic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion_and_spirituality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion_and_spirituality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Religion and spirituality </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion_and_spirituality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scientific_analysis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scientific_analysis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Scientific analysis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scientific_analysis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Cultural impact </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cultural_impact-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Cultural impact subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Cultural_impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Critical_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Critical_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Critical response </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Critical_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"May_the_Force_be_with_you"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"May_the_Force_be_with_you""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 "May the Force be with you" </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"May_the_Force_be_with_you"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">The Force</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" > 35 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Fuerza" title="La Fuerza – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="La Fuerza" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_For%C3%A7a_(Star_Wars)" title="La Força (Star Wars) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="La Força (Star Wars)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADla_(Star_Wars)" title="Síla (Star Wars) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Síla (Star Wars)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraften" title="Kraften – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kraften" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B5ud_(T%C3%A4htede_s%C3%B5da)" title="Jõud (Tähtede sõda) – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jõud (Tähtede sõda)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B7_(%CE%A0%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%86%CF%83%CF%84%CF%81%CF%89%CE%BD)" title="Δύναμη (Πόλεμος των Άστρων) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δύναμη (Πόλεμος των Άστρων)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Fuerza" title="La Fuerza – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="La Fuerza" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barne_Indarra_(Star_Wars)" title="Barne Indarra (Star Wars) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Barne Indarra (Star Wars)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88_(%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="نیرو (جنگ ستارگان) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیرو (جنگ ستارگان)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_(Star_Wars)" title="Force (Star Wars) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Force (Star Wars)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Kr%C3%AAft" title="De Krêft – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="De Krêft" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%EC%8A%A4_(%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%EC%9B%8C%EC%A6%88)" title="포스 (스타워즈) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="포스 (스타워즈)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sila_(Zvjezdani_ratovi)" title="Sila (Zvjezdani ratovi) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sila (Zvjezdani ratovi)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forza_(Guerre_stellari)" title="Forza (Guerre stellari) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Forza (Guerre stellari)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%97_(%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9D)" title="הכוח (מלחמת הכוכבים) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הכוח (מלחמת הכוכבים)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AB%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90_(%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98)" title="ძალა (ვარსკვლავური ომები) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ძალა (ვარსკვლავური ომები)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numen_(Bella_Stellaria)" title="Numen (Bella Stellaria) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Numen (Bella Stellaria)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%97ga_(%C5%BDvaig%C5%BEd%C5%BEi%C5%B3_karai)" title="Jėga (Žvaigždžių karai) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Jėga (Žvaigždžių karai)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Kracht" title="De Kracht – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="De Kracht" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9_(%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA)" title="フォース (スター・ウォーズ) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フォース (スター・ウォーズ)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraften" title="Kraften – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kraften" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moc_(Gwiezdne_wojny)" title="Moc (Gwiezdne wojny) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Moc (Gwiezdne wojny)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%C3%A7a_(Star_Wars)" title="Força (Star Wars) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Força (Star Wars)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%C8%9Ba_(R%C4%83zboiul_stelelor)" title="Forța (Războiul stelelor) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Forța (Războiul stelelor)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0_(%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%91%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B)" title="Сила (Звёздные войны) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сила (Звёздные войны)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Force_(Star_Wars)" title="The Force (Star Wars) – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="The Force (Star Wars)" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Force" title="The Force – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="The Force" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voima_(T%C3%A4htien_sota)" title="Voima (Tähtien sota) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Voima (Tähtien sota)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraften_(Star_Wars)" title="Kraften (Star Wars) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kraften (Star Wars)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D3%99%D1%82_(%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B7_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B)" title="Куәт (Йолдыз сугышлары) – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Куәт (Йолдыз сугышлары)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87_(%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AA)" title="พลัง (สตาร์ วอร์ส) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พลัง (สตาร์ วอร์ส)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BC%C3%A7_(Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z_Sava%C5%9Flar%C4%B1)" title="Güç (Yıldız Savaşları) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Güç (Yıldız Savaşları)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0_(%D0%97%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8)" title="Сила (Зоряні війни) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сила (Зоряні війни)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%A7n_l%E1%BB%B1c_(Chi%E1%BA%BFn_tranh_gi%E1%BB%AFa_c%C3%A1c_v%C3%AC_sao)" title="Thần lực (Chiến tranh giữa các vì sao) – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thần lực (Chiến tranh giữa các vì sao)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%8A%9B" title="原力 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="原力" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1093766#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/The_Force" 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lightning</a>)</div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Fictional energy source in Star Wars</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the metaphysical power in the Star Wars universe. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/The_Force_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="The Force (disambiguation)">The Force (disambiguation)</a>.</div> The Force is a <a href="/wiki/Metaphysics" title="Metaphysics">metaphysical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Energy_(esotericism)" title="Energy (esotericism)">ubiquitous power</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a> <a href="/wiki/Fictional_universe" title="Fictional universe">fictional universe</a>. "Force-sensitive" characters use the Force throughout the franchise. Heroes like the <a href="/wiki/Jedi" title="Jedi">Jedi</a> seek to "become one with the Force", matching their personal wills with the will of the Force, while the <a href="/wiki/Sith" title="Sith">Sith</a> and other villains exploit the Force and try to bend it toward their own selfish and destructive desires. The Force has been compared to aspects of several world religions, and the phrase "May the Force be with you" has become part of <a href="/wiki/Pop_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop culture">pop culture</a> <a href="/wiki/Vernacular" title="Vernacular">vernacular</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Concept_and_development">Concept and development</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Concept and development">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Lucas_cropped_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/George_Lucas_cropped_2009.jpg/170px-George_Lucas_cropped_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/George_Lucas_cropped_2009.jpg/255px-George_Lucas_cropped_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/George_Lucas_cropped_2009.jpg/340px-George_Lucas_cropped_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="797" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a> created the concept of "the Force" both to advance the plot of <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(film)" title="Star Wars (film)">Star Wars</a> (1977) and to try to awaken a sense of spirituality in young audience members.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Creation_for_the_original_films">Creation for the original films</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Creation for the original films">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a> created the concept of the Force to address character and plot developments in <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(film)" title="Star Wars (film)">Star Wars</a> (1977).<a href="#cite_note-tpmscrapbook-1">[1]</a> He also wanted to "awaken a certain kind of spirituality" in young audiences, suggesting a belief in God without endorsing any specific religion.<a href="#cite_note-mythologyofsw-2">[2]</a> He developed the Force as a nondenominational religious concept, "distill[ed from] the essence of all religions", premised on the existence of God and distinct ideas of <a href="/wiki/Good_and_evil" title="Good and evil">good and evil</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tpmscrapbook-1">[1]</a> Lucas said there is a conscious choice between good and bad, and "the world works better if you're on the good side".<a href="#cite_note-taylor-58-3">[3]</a> In 1970s <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, where Lucas lived when he wrote the drafts that became Star Wars, <a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">New Age</a> ideas that incorporated the concept of <a href="/wiki/Qi" title="Qi">qi</a> and other notions of a mystical life-force were "in the air" and widely embraced.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> Lucas used the term the Force to "echo" its use by Canadian cinematographer <a href="/wiki/Roman_Kroitor" title="Roman Kroitor">Roman Kroitor</a> in <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Lipsett" title="Arthur Lipsett">Arthur Lipsett</a>'s <a href="/wiki/21-87" title="21-87">21-87</a> (1963), a <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="National Film Board">National Film Board</a> production, in which Kroitor says, "Many people feel that in the contemplation of nature and in communication with other living things, they become aware of some kind of force, or something, behind this apparent mask which we see in front of us, and they call it God".<a href="#cite_note-mythologyofsw-2">[2]</a> Although Lucas had Kroitor's line in mind specifically, Lucas said the underlying sentiment is universal and that "similar phrases have been used extensively by many different people for the last 13,000 years".<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> The first draft of Star Wars makes two references to "the Force of Others" and does not explain the concept: King Kayos utters the blessing "May the Force of Others be with you all", and he later says "I feel the Force also".<a href="#cite_note-taylor-112-6">[6]</a> The power of the Force of Others is kept secret by the Jedi Bendu of the Ashla, an "aristocratic cult" in the second draft.<a href="#cite_note-bouzereau-36-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-taylor-116-8">[8]</a> The second draft offers a lengthy explanation of the Force of Others and introduces its Ashla light side and Bogan dark side.<a href="#cite_note-taylor-116-8">[8]</a> The Ashla and Bogan are mentioned 10 and 31 times, respectively, and the Force of Others plays a more prominent role in the story.<a href="#cite_note-taylor-116-117-9">[9]</a> In this draft, Luke Starkiller's mission is to retrieve the <a href="/wiki/Kyber_Crystal" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyber Crystal">Kyber Crystal</a>, which can intensify either the Ashla or Bogan powers.<a href="#cite_note-bouzereau-36-7">[7]</a> The film's shorter third draft has no references to the Ashla, but it mentions the Bogan eight times and Luke is still driven to recover the Kyber Crystal.<a href="#cite_note-taylor-122-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-bouzereau-37-11">[11]</a> Lucas finished the fourth and near-final draft on January 1, 1976.<a href="#cite_note-taylor-126-12">[12]</a> This version trims "the Force of Others" to "the Force", makes a single reference to the Force's seductive "<a href="/wiki/Dark_side_(Star_Wars)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dark side (Star Wars)">dark side</a>", distills an explanation of the Force to 28 words, and eliminates the Kyber Crystal.<a href="#cite_note-taylor-142-13">[13]</a> Producer <a href="/wiki/Gary_Kurtz" title="Gary Kurtz">Gary Kurtz</a>, who studied <a href="/wiki/Comparative_religion" title="Comparative religion">comparative religion</a> in college, had long discussions with Lucas about religion and philosophy throughout the writing process.<a href="#cite_note-taylor-144-14">[14]</a> Kurtz told Lucas he was unhappy with drafts in which the Force was connected with the Kyber Crystal, and he was also dissatisfied with the early Ashla and Bogan concepts.<a href="#cite_note-taylor-144-14">[14]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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.8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:25%; ; padding:10px; background-color: #EFEFEF;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> "The act of living generates a force field, an energy. That energy surrounds us; when we die, that energy joins with all the other energy. There is a giant mass of energy in the universe that has a good side and a bad side. We are part of the Force because we generate the power that makes the Force live. When we die, we become part of that Force, so we never really die; we continue as part of the Force." </blockquote> <cite class="left-aligned" style="">—<a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a> during a production meeting for <a href="/wiki/The_Empire_Strikes_Back" title="The Empire Strikes Back">The Empire Strikes Back</a><a href="#cite_note-bouzereau-181-15">[15]</a></cite> </div> Lucas and screenwriter <a href="/wiki/Leigh_Brackett" title="Leigh Brackett">Leigh Brackett</a> decided that the Force and the <a href="/wiki/Palpatine" title="Palpatine">Emperor</a> would be the main concerns in <a href="/wiki/The_Empire_Strikes_Back" title="The Empire Strikes Back">The Empire Strikes Back</a> (1980).<a href="#cite_note-bouzereau-173-16">[16]</a> The focus on the Emperor was later shifted to <a href="/wiki/Return_of_the_Jedi" title="Return of the Jedi">Return of the Jedi</a> (1983),<a href="#cite_note-bouzereau-173-16">[16]</a> and the dark side of the Force was treated as The Empire Strikes Back's main villain.<a href="#cite_note-bouzereau-182-17">[17]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prequel_films_and_midi-chlorians">Prequel films and midi-chlorians</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Prequel films and midi-chlorians">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Jedi#Prequel_trilogy" title="Jedi">Jedi § Prequel trilogy</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Midichlorians" redirects here. For the bacteria, see <a href="/wiki/Midichloria" title="Midichloria">Midichloria</a>.</div> <a href="/wiki/The_Phantom_Menace" class="mw-redirect" title="The Phantom Menace">The Phantom Menace</a> (1999) introduces midi-chlorians (or midichlorians), microscopic creatures that connect characters to the Force. Lucas later requested a passage about midi-chlorians be retroactively added to notes written in August 1977 expanding on the nature of the Force.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-taylor-59-19">[19]</a> Lucas based the concept on <a href="/wiki/Symbiogenesis" title="Symbiogenesis">symbiogenesis</a>,<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> calling midi-chlorians a "loose depiction" of <a href="/wiki/Mitochondrion" title="Mitochondrion">mitochondria</a>.<a href="#cite_note-time-21">[21]</a> He further said:<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">[Mitochondria] probably had something ... to do with the beginnings of life and how one cell decided to become two cells with a little help from this other little creature who came in, without whom life couldn't exist. And it's really a way of saying we have hundreds of little creatures who live on us, and without them, we all would die. There wouldn't be any life. They are necessary for us; we are necessary for them. Using them in the metaphor, saying society is the same way, says we all must get along with each other.<a href="#cite_note-time-21">[21]</a></blockquote> In a rough draft of <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Episode_III_%E2%80%93_Revenge_of_the_Sith" title="Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith">Revenge of the Sith</a> (2005), Palpatine says he "used the power of the Force to will the midichlorians to start the cell divisions that created" Anakin Skywalker.<a href="#cite_note-father-22">[22]</a> This line was removed as the script progressed. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sequel_films_and_other_productions">Sequel films and other productions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Sequel films and other productions">edit</a>]</div> Lucas' story treatments for a potential sequel trilogy involved "a microbiotic world" and creatures known as the Whills, beings that "control the universe" and "feed off the Force." He elaborated that individuals function as "vehicles for the Whills to travel around in", and that midi-chlorians "communicate with the Whills [who] in a general sense ... are the Force."<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> After selling <a href="/wiki/Lucasfilm" title="Lucasfilm">Lucasfilm</a> to <a href="/wiki/The_Walt_Disney_Company" title="The Walt Disney Company">Disney</a> in 2012, Lucas said his biggest concern about the franchise's future was the Force being "muddled into a bunch of <a href="/wiki/Gibberish" title="Gibberish">gobbledegook</a>".<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> When writing <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Force_Awakens" title="Star Wars: The Force Awakens">The Force Awakens</a> (2015) with <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Kasdan" title="Lawrence Kasdan">Lawrence Kasdan</a>, <a href="/wiki/J._J._Abrams" title="J. J. Abrams">J. J. Abrams</a> respected that Lucas had established midi-chlorians' effect on some characters' ability to use the Force.<a href="#cite_note-abramsmidis-25">[25]</a> However, as a child, he interpreted <a href="/wiki/Obi-Wan_Kenobi" title="Obi-Wan Kenobi">Obi-Wan Kenobi</a>'s explanation of the Force in Star Wars to mean that any character could use its power, and that the Force was more grounded in spirituality than science.<a href="#cite_note-abramsmidis-25">[25]</a> Abrams retained the idea of the Force having a light and a dark side, and some characters' seduction by the dark side helps create conflict for the story.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Hidalgo" title="Pablo Hidalgo">Pablo Hidalgo</a> of the Lucasfilm Story Group gave his "blessing" for writer-director <a href="/wiki/Rian_Johnson" title="Rian Johnson">Rian Johnson</a> to introduce a new Force power in <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Last_Jedi" title="Star Wars: The Last Jedi">The Last Jedi</a> (2017) "if the story required it and if it felt like it stretches into new territory but doesn't break the idea of what the Force can do."<a href="#cite_note-latimes-tlj-27">[27]</a> Johnson observed that every Star Wars movie introduces new Force powers to meet that film's story needs.<a href="#cite_note-latimes-tlj-27">[27]</a> <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_Rebels" title="Star Wars Rebels">Star Wars Rebels</a> producer <a href="/wiki/Dave_Filoni" title="Dave Filoni">Dave Filoni</a> cites several influences on how the Force is used in the show. The character <a href="/wiki/Bendu_(Star_Wars)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bendu (Star Wars)">Bendu</a>—named in homage to the term Lucas originally associated with the Jedi—does not align with the franchise's normal dark-or-light duality, and this role is an extension of Filoni's conversations with Lucas about the nature of the Force.<a href="#cite_note-slashfilmbendu-28">[28]</a> Filoni credits the prequel films for better developing the concept of the Force, particularly the idea of a balance between the light and dark sides.<a href="#cite_note-prequelsmatter-29">[29]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Depiction">Depiction</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Depiction">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Force_unleashed_concept.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Illustration of an Imperial stormtrooper being hurled through massive rock columns by an opponent using the Force" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9b/Force_unleashed_concept.jpg/220px-Force_unleashed_concept.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9b/Force_unleashed_concept.jpg/330px-Force_unleashed_concept.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9b/Force_unleashed_concept.jpg/440px-Force_unleashed_concept.jpg 2x" data-file-width="468" data-file-height="213" /></a><figcaption>This <a href="/wiki/Concept_art" title="Concept art">concept art</a> by Greg Knight of a <a href="/wiki/Stormtrooper_(Star_Wars)" title="Stormtrooper (Star Wars)">stormtrooper</a> being "Force pushed" was an early visualization of how the Force would be depicted in <a href="/wiki/LucasArts" class="mw-redirect" title="LucasArts">LucasArts</a>' <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Force_Unleashed" title="Star Wars: The Force Unleashed">The Force Unleashed</a> (2008).<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Jedi mind trick" redirects here. For the band, see <a href="/wiki/Jedi_Mind_Tricks" title="Jedi Mind Tricks">Jedi Mind Tricks</a>.</div> <a href="/wiki/Obi-Wan_Kenobi" title="Obi-Wan Kenobi">Obi-Wan Kenobi</a> describes the Force as "an energy field created by all living things" in Star Wars. In The Phantom Menace, <a href="/wiki/Qui-Gon" class="mw-redirect" title="Qui-Gon">Qui-Gon</a> says microscopic lifeforms called midi-chlorians, which exist inside all living cells, allow some characters to be Force-sensitive; characters must have a high enough midi-chlorian count to feel and use the Force. Midi-chlorians are sentient,<a href="#cite_note-tpmscrapbook-1">[1]</a> and arguably were the first species to emerge in the Star Wars universe.<a href="#cite_note-:1-31">[31]</a> The species was a foundation of all life, as some deemed life impossible without midi-chlorians,<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> and ultimately resided in all living beings, connecting two aspects of the Force.<a href="#cite_note-:1-31">[31]</a> The Living Force (also known as a spirit or life essence)<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> is the energy generated by all living things.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Through midi-chlorians, it is fed into the Cosmic Force, which bounds all things and communicates with living sentient beings.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> In 1981, Lucas compared using the Force to <a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">yoga</a>, saying any character can use its power.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Dave Filoni said in 2015 that all Star Wars characters are "Force intuitive": some characters, like <a href="/wiki/Luke_Skywalker" title="Luke Skywalker">Luke Skywalker</a>, are aware of their connection to the Force, while characters such as <a href="/wiki/Han_Solo" title="Han Solo">Han Solo</a> draw upon the Force unconsciously.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> Filoni said the most potent Force users are characters whose midi-chlorian count provides a natural affinity for using the Force and who undertake intense training and discipline.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> <a href="/wiki/Rogue_One" title="Rogue One">Rogue One</a> (2016) portrays the Force more as a religion "than simply a way to manipulate objects and people".<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> In the years following the <a href="/wiki/Great_Jedi_Purge" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Jedi Purge">Great Jedi Purge</a> depicted in the prequel trilogy, some characters have lost faith in the Force,<a href="#cite_note-timerogueone-40">[40]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Galactic_Empire_(Star_Wars)" title="Galactic Empire (Star Wars)">Galactic Empire</a> hunts down surviving Jedi and other Force-sensitive characters. By the time of the events in The Force Awakens, some characters think the Jedi and the Force are myths.<a href="#cite_note-anderton20151021-41">[41]</a> Some Force-sensitive characters derive special, <a href="/wiki/List_of_psychic_abilities" title="List of psychic abilities">psychic abilities</a> from it, such as <a href="/wiki/Psychokinesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychokinesis">telekinesis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brainwashing" title="Brainwashing">mind control</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Extrasensory_perception" title="Extrasensory perception">extrasensory perception</a>. The Force is sometimes referred to in terms of "dark" and "light" sides, with villains like the <a href="/wiki/Sith" title="Sith">Sith</a> drawing on the dark side to act aggressively while the <a href="/wiki/Jedi" title="Jedi">Jedi</a> use the light side for defense and peace.<a href="#cite_note-magicofmyth-42">[42]</a> According to Filoni, Lucas believed a character's intentions when using the Force—their "will to be selfless or selfish"—is what distinguishes light and dark sides.<a href="#cite_note-prequelsmatter-29">[29]</a> The Force is also used by characters who are neither Jedi nor Sith, such as <a href="/wiki/Princess_Leia" title="Princess Leia">Leia Organa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kylo_Ren" title="Kylo Ren">Kylo Ren</a>.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Characters throughout the franchise use their Force powers in myriad ways, including Obi-Wan using a "mind trick" to undermine a <a href="/wiki/Stormtrooper_(Star_Wars)" title="Stormtrooper (Star Wars)">stormtrooper's</a> will,<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-Townhall-46">[46]</a> <a href="/wiki/Darth_Vader" title="Darth Vader">Darth Vader</a> choking subordinates without touching them,<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> <a href="/wiki/Qui-Gon_Jinn" title="Qui-Gon Jinn">Qui-Gon Jinn</a> repelling several <a href="/wiki/Droid_(Star_Wars)" title="Droid (Star Wars)">battle droids</a> at once, <a href="/wiki/Rey_(Star_Wars)" title="Rey (Star Wars)">Rey</a> lifting a large pile of rocks, and Kylo Ren stopping <a href="/wiki/Blaster_(Star_Wars)" title="Blaster (Star Wars)">blaster</a> fire in mid-air.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> Film and television use of the Force is sometimes accompanied by a sound effect, such as a deep rumble associated with aggressive use or a more high-pitched sound associated with benevolent use.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jedi_spirits-Return_of_the_Jedi_(1983).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a0/Jedi_spirits-Return_of_the_Jedi_%281983%29.jpg/220px-Jedi_spirits-Return_of_the_Jedi_%281983%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a0/Jedi_spirits-Return_of_the_Jedi_%281983%29.jpg/330px-Jedi_spirits-Return_of_the_Jedi_%281983%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a0/Jedi_spirits-Return_of_the_Jedi_%281983%29.jpg/440px-Jedi_spirits-Return_of_the_Jedi_%281983%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="475" data-file-height="209" /></a><figcaption>From left: <a href="/wiki/Anakin_Skywalker" class="mw-redirect" title="Anakin Skywalker">Anakin Skywalker</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Shaw_(actor)" title="Sebastian Shaw (actor)">Sebastian Shaw</a>), <a href="/wiki/Yoda" title="Yoda">Yoda</a> (<a href="/wiki/Frank_Oz" title="Frank Oz">Frank Oz</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Obi-Wan_Kenobi" title="Obi-Wan Kenobi">Obi-Wan Kenobi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a>) appear as spirits at the end of the <a href="/wiki/Changes_in_Star_Wars_re-releases#Anakin's_Force_spirit" title="Changes in Star Wars re-releases">original version</a> of <a href="/wiki/Return_of_the_Jedi" title="Return of the Jedi">Return of the Jedi</a>.</figcaption></figure> Jedi with special training can continue to exist after death, and some interact with the living as "being[s] of light"<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> referred to as "Force ghosts."<a href="#cite_note-Whitbrook2019-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-QuiGon-53">[53]</a> Obi-Wan's spirit provides Luke with guidance at key moments in the original trilogy,<a href="#cite_note-QuiGon-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> and Yoda appears as a spirit to guide Luke in The Last Jedi.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> Voices of past Jedi help Rey at the climax of <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Rise_of_Skywalker" title="Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker">The Rise of Skywalker</a>, and Luke's and Leia's spirits watch over her at the film's conclusion.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> In an early draft of Return of the Jedi, Lucas planned to resurrect Obi-Wan and Yoda at the climax,<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> and some drafts included scenes of the two helping Luke stop the Emperor.<a href="#cite_note-io9-58">[58]</a> The final arc of <a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars:_The_Clone_Wars_episodes#Season_6:_The_Lost_Missions_(2014)" title="List of Star Wars: The Clone Wars episodes">The Clone Wars' sixth season</a> reveals that Qui-Gon Jinn learned how to transition into the "cosmic Force" from entities who represent various emotions;<a href="#cite_note-QuiGon-53">[53]</a> Yoda hears the deceased Qui-Gon's voice in <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Episode_II_%E2%80%93_Attack_of_the_Clones" title="Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones">Attack of the Clones</a> (2002), and he reveals in Revenge of the Sith that he has contact with Qui-Gon.<a href="#cite_note-QuiGon-53">[53]</a> A short story by <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Gray" title="Claudia Gray">Claudia Gray</a> depicts Obi-Wan learning this technique from Qui-Gon in the years leading up to Star Wars.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> The Force plays an important role in several Star Wars plot lines. Anakin Skywalker's rise as a Jedi, descent into the Sith Lord Darth Vader, and redemption back to the light side of the Force is the main story arc for the first six Star Wars films.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> <a href="/wiki/Yoda" title="Yoda">Yoda</a>'s arc in the sixth season of <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Clone_Wars_(2008_TV_series)" title="Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)">The Clone Wars</a> depicts him exploring "bigger questions" about the Force and taking various inspirations from the <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_expanded_universe" class="mw-redirect" title="Star Wars expanded universe">franchise's expanded universe</a>.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> In The Force Awakens, <a href="/wiki/Finn_(Star_Wars)" title="Finn (Star Wars)">Finn</a>'s exposure to the Force helps make him question his training.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> Writer Rian Johnson used the Force to allow Rey and Kylo Ren to communicate in The Last Jedi, developing the characters' relationship.<a href="#cite_note-latimes-tlj-27">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Analysis">Analysis</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Analysis">edit</a>]</div> Chris Taylor called the Force "largely a mystery" in Star Wars.<a href="#cite_note-taylor-58-3">[3]</a> Taylor ascribes the "more poetic, more spiritual ... and more demonstrative" descriptions of the Force in The Empire Strikes Back to <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Kasdan" title="Lawrence Kasdan">Lawrence Kasdan</a>, who co-wrote the film, but says the film does little to expand audiences' understanding of it.<a href="#cite_note-taylor-58-3">[3]</a> In 1997, Lucas said that the more detail he articulated about the Force and how it works, the more it took away from its core meaning.<a href="#cite_note-bouzereau-35-63">[63]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kotaku" title="Kotaku">Kotaku</a> suggests Rian Johnson depicted more nuance in the Force in The Last Jedi than Lucas did in his films.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> According to Rob Weinert-Kendt, the "Force theme" in <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a>' score represents the power and responsibility of wielding the Force.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comparison_to_magic">Comparison to magic</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Comparison to magic">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Paranormal" title="Paranormal">Paranormal</a> abilities like the Force are a common device in science fiction,<a href="#cite_note-Stratmann_249-66">[66]</a> and the Force has been compared to the role <a href="/wiki/Magic_(paranormal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic (paranormal)">magic</a> plays in the <a href="/wiki/Fantasy" title="Fantasy">fantasy</a> genre.<a href="#cite_note-Sherman_157-67">[67]</a> The Star Wars films illustrate that characters not familiar with the particulars of the Force associate it with mysticism and magic, such as when an Imperial officer alludes to the "sorcerer's ways" of Darth Vader.<a href="#cite_note-Sherman_157-67">[67]</a> The depiction of the Force in Star Wars has been compared to that of magic in <a href="/wiki/Harry_Potter" title="Harry Potter">Harry Potter</a>, with the former being described as more of a "spiritual force".<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">The A.V. Club</a>, The Last Jedi depicts the Force "closer to the sorcery of fairy tales and medieval romance than it's ever been."<a href="#cite_note-:0-69">[69]</a> Eric Charles points out that the television films <a href="/wiki/The_Ewok_Adventure" class="mw-redirect" title="The Ewok Adventure">The Ewok Adventure</a> (1984) and <a href="/wiki/Ewoks:_The_Battle_for_Endor" title="Ewoks: The Battle for Endor">Ewoks: The Battle for Endor</a> (1985), intended for children, are "fairy tales in a science fiction setting" which feature magic and other fairy tale motifs rather than the Force and science-fiction <a href="/wiki/Trope_(literature)" title="Trope (literature)">tropes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> These <a href="/wiki/Ewok" title="Ewok">Ewok</a> films have been described as depicting "sorcery" that is distinct from the Force powers depicted in the first six Star Wars films.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Drawing from the <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Roleplaying_Game" title="Star Wars: The Roleplaying Game">Star Wars roleplaying game</a> sourcebook he co-authored in 1987, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Slavicsek" title="Bill Slavicsek">Bill Slavicsek</a> says that "The Ewoks' mystical beliefs contain many references to the Force, though it is never named as such."<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion_and_spirituality">Religion and spirituality</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Religion and spirituality">edit</a>]</div> In his 1977 review of Star Wars, <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Canby" title="Vincent Canby">Vincent Canby</a> of <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> called the Force "a mixture of what appears to be ESP and early Christian faith."<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> It has been studied in a religious context from an academic perspective.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> The Magic of Myth compares the sharp distinction between the good "light side" and evil "dark side" of the Force to <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a>, which posits that "good and evil, like light and darkness, are contrary realities".<a href="#cite_note-magicofmyth-42">[42]</a> The connectedness between the light and dark sides has been compared to the relationship between <a href="/wiki/Yin_and_yang" title="Yin and yang">yin and yang</a> in <a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a>,<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> although the balance between yin and yang lacks the element of evil associated with the dark side.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Taylor identifies other similarities between the Force and a <a href="/wiki/Navajo" title="Navajo">Navajo</a> prayer, <a href="/wiki/Prana" title="Prana">prana</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Qi" title="Qi">qi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-taylor-59-19">[19]</a> It is a common plot device in <a href="/wiki/Jidaigeki" title="Jidaigeki">jidaigeki</a> films like <a href="/wiki/The_Hidden_Fortress" title="The Hidden Fortress">The Hidden Fortress</a> (1958), which inspired Star Wars, for <a href="/wiki/Samurai" title="Samurai">samurai</a> who master qi to achieve astonishing feats of swordsmanship.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> Taylor added that the lack of detail about the Force makes it "a religion for the secular age".<a href="#cite_note-taylor-58-3">[3]</a> According to Jennifer Porter, professor of religious studies at the <a href="/wiki/Memorial_University_of_Newfoundland" title="Memorial University of Newfoundland">Memorial University of Newfoundland</a>, "the Force is a metaphor for godhood that resonates and inspires within [people] a deeper commitment to the godhood identified within their traditional faith".<a href="#cite_note-taylor-59-60-78">[78]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christian</a> Pastor Clayton Keenan, "the spirituality of 'Star Wars' has to do with the Force. It's depicted as ... something supernatural within this universe, but it's not the same thing as a personal god that Christians or Jews or Muslims might believe in. It's this impersonal force that is in some ways this neutral, impersonal energy that is out there to be used for good or for evil."<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> At one point, <a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> suggested to George Lucas that they use their combined fortunes to start a religion based on the Force.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> Practitioners of <a href="/wiki/Jediism" title="Jediism">Jediism</a> pray to and express gratitude to the Force.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scientific_analysis">Scientific analysis</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Scientific analysis">edit</a>]</div> Scientists are mostly skeptical about a "real world" explanation for the Force.<a href="#cite_note-cavelos-178-179-82">[82]</a> Astrophysicist <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Cavelos" title="Jeanne Cavelos">Jeanne Cavelos</a> says in <a href="/wiki/The_Science_of_Star_Wars_(book)" title="The Science of Star Wars (book)">The Science of Star Wars</a> that explaining the Force is particularly difficult because "it does so many different things".<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> Force powers like <a href="/wiki/Precognition" title="Precognition">precognition</a> imply the <a href="/wiki/Time_travel" title="Time travel">time travel</a> of information.<a href="#cite_note-cavelos-188-189-84">[84]</a> Cavelos explores the possibility of brain implants or sensors being used to detect users' intent and manipulate energy fields, and compares such discipline to contemporary patients learning to control <a href="/wiki/Prosthesis" title="Prosthesis">prosthetics</a>.<a href="#cite_note-cavelos-183-184-85">[85]</a> A scientific explanation of the Force would require new discoveries in physics, such as unknown fields or particles<a href="#cite_note-cavelos-191-192-86">[86]</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Fifth_force" title="Fifth force">fifth force</a> beyond the <a href="/wiki/Fundamental_interaction" title="Fundamental interaction">four fundamental interactions</a>.<a href="#cite_note-cavelos-191-87">[87]</a> Flavio Fenton of the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgia Institute of Technology">Georgia Institute of Technology</a> School of Physics suggests a fifth force would carry two types of charge—one for the light side and one for the dark—and that each would be carried by its own particle.<a href="#cite_note-gatech-88">[88]</a> Nepomuk Otte, also from Georgia Tech, cautions that <a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_laws_of_motion" title="Newton's laws of motion">Newton's third law of motion</a> says telekinesis would apply a force back on the Force-wielding character.<a href="#cite_note-gatech-88">[88]</a> Fabien Paillusson from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Lincoln" title="University of Lincoln">University of Lincoln</a> argues that the Force of the Star Wars universe reflects our own quest for understanding the forces of the world we live in.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_impact">Cultural impact</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Cultural impact">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BosonFusion-Higgs.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/BosonFusion-Higgs.svg/220px-BosonFusion-Higgs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/BosonFusion-Higgs.svg/330px-BosonFusion-Higgs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/BosonFusion-Higgs.svg/440px-BosonFusion-Higgs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="208" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Feynman_diagram" title="Feynman diagram">Feynman diagram</a> of one way the <a href="/wiki/Higgs_boson" title="Higgs boson">Higgs boson</a> might be produced. <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Geographic (magazine)">National Geographic</a> compared the boson's role in "carrying" the Higgs field to the way Jedi are "carriers" of the Force.<a href="#cite_note-natgeo-90">[90]</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Cultural_impact_of_Star_Wars" title="Cultural impact of Star Wars">Cultural impact of Star Wars</a></div> <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Geographic (magazine)">National Geographic</a> compared the <a href="/wiki/Higgs_boson" title="Higgs boson">Higgs boson</a>'s role as "carrier" of the Higgs field to the way Jedi are "carriers" of the Force.<a href="#cite_note-natgeo-90">[90]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Previsualization" title="Previsualization">previsualization</a> video highlighting the idea of "kicking someone's ass with the Force" steered <a href="/wiki/LucasArts" class="mw-redirect" title="LucasArts">LucasArts</a> game designers toward producing <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Force_Unleashed" title="Star Wars: The Force Unleashed">The Force Unleashed</a> (2008),<a href="#cite_note-trailerspart1-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-howitallbegan-92">[92]</a> which sold six million copies as of July 2009.<a href="#cite_note-sithedition-93">[93]</a> In 2009, <a href="/wiki/Uncle_Milton_Industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Uncle Milton Industries">Uncle Milton Industries</a> released a toy, called the <a href="/wiki/Force_Trainer" title="Force Trainer">Force Trainer</a>, which uses <a href="/wiki/EEG" class="mw-redirect" title="EEG">EEG</a> to read users' <a href="/wiki/Beta_wave" title="Beta wave">beta waves</a> to lift a training droid-themed ball with a shaft of air.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_New_Republic" title="The New Republic">The New Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Townhall" title="Townhall">Townhall</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a>, and others have compared various political machinations to the "Jedi mind trick", a Force power used to undermine opponents' perceptions and willpower.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-Townhall-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_response">Critical response</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Critical response">edit</a>]</div> Critic Tim Robley compared the Force to the <a href="/wiki/Ruby_slippers" title="Ruby slippers">ruby slippers</a> from <a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1939), with both being entities that send the protagonist on a quest.<a href="#cite_note-Robley-99">[99]</a> In her 1980 <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">Washington Post</a> review of The Empire Strikes Back, <a href="/wiki/Judith_Martin" title="Judith Martin">Judith Martin</a> described the Force as "a mishmash of current cultic fashions without any base in ideas. It doesn't seem to be connected with ethics or a code of decent behavior, either."<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Simon_(critic)" title="John Simon (critic)">John Simon</a> wrote in his 1977 review of Star Wars for <a href="/wiki/New_York_(magazine)" title="New York (magazine)">New York</a> magazine:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">And then there is that distressing thing called the Force, which is ... Lucas's tribute to something beyond science: imagination, the soul, God in man ... It appears in various contradictory and finally nonsensical guises, a facile and perfunctory bow to metaphysics. I wish that Lucas had had the courage of his materialistic convictions, instead dragging in a sop to a spiritual force the main thrust of the movie so cheerfully ignores.<a href="#cite_note-Simon-101">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lincoln-102">[102]</a></blockquote> The introduction of midi-chlorians in The Phantom Menace was controversial, with Evan Narcisse of Time writing that the concept ruined Star Wars for him and a generation of fans because "the mechanisms of the Force became less spiritual and more scientific".<a href="#cite_note-time-21">[21]</a> Film historian Daniel Dinello called midi-chlorians "anathema to Star Wars fanatics who thought they reduced the Force to a kind of viral infection."<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> Referring to "midi-chlorians" became a screenwriting shorthand for over-explaining a concept.<a href="#cite_note-forgivegl-104">[104]</a> Although Chris Taylor suggested fans want less detail, not more, in explaining the Force,<a href="#cite_note-taylor-58-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> Chris Bell argues that the introduction of midi-chlorians provided depth to the franchise and fomented engagement among fans and franchise writers.<a href="#cite_note-forgivegl-104">[104]</a> Religion expert <a href="/wiki/John_D._Caputo" title="John D. Caputo">John D. Caputo</a> writes, "In the 'Gospel according to Lucas' a world is conjured up in which the intractable oppositions that have tormented religious thinkers for centuries are reconciled ... The gifts that the Jedi masters enjoy have a perfectly plausible scientific basis, even if its ways are mysterious".<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> Characters' faith in the Force reinforces Rogue One's message of hope.<a href="#cite_note-timerogueone-40">[40]</a> The A.V. Club said Rian Johnson's depiction of the Force in The Last Jedi goes "beyond George Lucas' original transcendental concept".<a href="#cite_note-:0-69">[69]</a> <a href="/wiki/Polygon_(website)" title="Polygon (website)">Polygon</a> said Johnson's film "democratize[s] the Force", depicting Force sensitivity in characters from outside a "Force-sensitive lineage" and suggesting that the Force can be used by anyone.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""May_the_Force_be_with_you"">"May the Force be with you"</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: "May the Force be with you"">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"May the Force be with you" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/May_the_Force_be_with_you_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="May the Force be with you (disambiguation)">May the Force be with you (disambiguation)</a>.</div> Several Star Wars characters say "May the Force be with you" (or derivatives of it) and the expression has become a popular <a href="/wiki/Catchphrase" title="Catchphrase">catchphrase</a>.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> In 2005, "May the Force be with you" was chosen as number 8 on the <a href="/wiki/American_Film_Institute" title="American Film Institute">American Film Institute</a>'s <a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years..._100_Movie_Quotes" class="mw-redirect" title="AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movie Quotes">100 Years... 100 Movie Quotes</a> list.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> May 4 is <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_Day" title="Star Wars Day">Star Wars Day</a>, taken from the <a href="/wiki/Pun" title="Pun">pun</a> "May the Fourth be with you".<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> The expression was intentionally similar to the Christian <a href="/wiki/Dominus_vobiscum" title="Dominus vobiscum">dominus vobiscum</a>, "the Lord be with you".<a href="#cite_note-taylor-60-111">[111]</a> President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> in 1985 said "the Force is with us", referring to the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, to create the <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Defense_Initiative" title="Strategic Defense Initiative">Strategic Defense Initiative</a> (itself often nicknamed Star Wars) to protect against <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> <a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_ballistic_missile" title="Intercontinental ballistic missile">ballistic missiles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Some weeks earlier, Reagan had compared the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Galactic_Empire_(Star_Wars)" title="Galactic Empire (Star Wars)">Galactic Empire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> The Gospel According to Star Wars says that Reagan's invocation of the Force was actually perverting Star Wars' "self-dispossessing" (or other-focused) ethos: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">[The] blessing "May the Force be with you" is the expression of a hope for others ("May the Force be with you"), not for ourselves as with Reagan ("The Force is with us"). Moreover, the [Star Wars] blessing is precisely a request for hope for others ("May the Force be with you"), whereas Reagan's claim sounds like a possessive assertion ("The Force is with us").<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Dragon-149393.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Dragon-149393.svg/27px-Dragon-149393.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Dragon-149393.svg/41px-Dragon-149393.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Dragon-149393.svg/54px-Dragon-149393.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="529" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Speculative_fiction" title="Portal:Speculative fiction">Speculative fiction portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/28px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/42px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/56px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Film" title="Portal:Film">Film portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anima_mundi" title="Anima mundi">Anima mundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animism" title="Animism">Animism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Force_field_(physics)" title="Force field (physics)">Force field (physics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jediism" title="Jediism">Jediism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manitou" title="Manitou">Manitou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysticism" title="Mysticism">Mysticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythopoeia" title="Mythopoeia">Mythopoeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontology" title="Ontology">Ontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orenda" title="Orenda">Orenda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prana" title="Prana">Prana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychic" title="Psychic">Psychic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qi" title="Qi">Qi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pneuma" title="Pneuma">Pneuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sith" title="Sith">Sith</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Citations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-tpmscrapbook-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tpmscrapbook_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tpmscrapbook_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tpmscrapbook_1-2">c</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWindham1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ryder_Windham" title="Ryder Windham">Windham, Ryder</a> (1999). Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace Movie Scrapbook. <a href="/wiki/Random_House" title="Random House">Random House</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-375-80008-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-375-80008-5"><bdi>978-0-375-80008-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Star+Wars+Episode+I%3A+The+Phantom+Menace+Movie+Scrapbook&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-375-80008-5&rft.aulast=Windham&rft.aufirst=Ryder&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mythologyofsw-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mythologyofsw_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mythologyofsw_2-1">b</a> The Mythology of Star Wars (2000 documentary) </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor-58-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-taylor-58_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor-58_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor-58_3-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor-58_3-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor-58_3-4">e</a> <a href="#taylor">Taylor</a>, p. 58 </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <a href="#kaminski">Kaminski</a>, pp. 75–77 </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSilberman2005" class="citation web cs1">Silberman, Steve (May 1, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/2005/05/lucas-2/">"Life After Darth"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wired_(website)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wired (website)">Wired</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201108002525/https://www.wired.com/2005/05/lucas-2/">Archived</a> from the original on November 8, 2020. 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Retrieved July 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ComicBook.com&rft.atitle=Star+Wars+Rebels+Showrunner+Dave+Filoni+Defends+and+Explains+Midi-chlorians&rft.date=2016-07-19&rft.aulast=Siegel&rft.aufirst=Lucas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcomicbook.com%2Fstarwars%2F2016%2F07%2F19%2Fstar-wars-rebels-showrunner-dave-filoni-defends-and-explains-mid%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiegel2016" class="citation web cs1">Siegel, Lucas (December 18, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://comicbook.com/starwars/2016/12/18/how-the-force-changed-in-rogue-one-a-star-wars-story/">"How The Force Changed in Rogue One: A Star Wars Story"</a>. comicbook.com. 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Retrieved January 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Townhall&rft.atitle=Jedi+Mind+Trick+Nation&rft.date=2012-12-05&rft.aulast=Shapiro&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftownhall.com%2Fcolumnists%2Fbenshapiro%2F2012%2F12%2F05%2Fjedi_mind_trick_nation%2Fpage%2Ffull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNashawaty2016" class="citation magazine cs1">Nashawaty, Chris (December 19, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ew.com/article/2016/12/13/rogue-one-star-wars-story-ew-review/">"Rogue One: A Star Wars Story: EW review"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220922042502/https://ew.com/article/2016/12/13/rogue-one-star-wars-story-ew-review/">Archived</a> from the original on September 22, 2022. 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Retrieved May 26, 2016. <q>The scripts for the prequel, which Lucas is finishing now, make it clear that Star Wars, taken as a whole story and viewed in chronological order, is not really the story of Luke at all but the story of Luke's father, Anakin Skywalker, and how he, a Jedi Knight, was corrupted by the dark side of the Force and became Darth Vader. 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ComingSoon.net. <a href="/wiki/CraveOnline" class="mw-redirect" title="CraveOnline">CraveOnline</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160802183735/http://www.comingsoon.net/movies/news/632387-j-j-abrams-talks-luke-skywalkers-mythic-status-in-star-wars-the-force-awakens#/slide/1">Archived</a> from the original on August 2, 2016. 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Retrieved December 27, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kotaku&rft.atitle=Star+Wars%3A+The+Last+Jedi+Has+A+Really+Cool+Take+On+The+Force&rft.date=2017-12-15&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkotaku.com%2Fstar-wars-the-last-jedi-has-a-really-cool-take-on-the-1821336396&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeinert-Kendt2015" class="citation book cs1">Weinert-Kendt, Rob (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uwAlCwAAQBAJ&q=force+theme+star+wars+music&pg=PT119">"Music of the Galaxy"</a>. The Ultimate Guide to Star Wars. Time Inc. Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61893-480-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61893-480-2"><bdi>978-1-61893-480-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Music+of+the+Galaxy&rft.btitle=The+Ultimate+Guide+to+Star+Wars&rft.pub=Time+Inc.+Books&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-61893-480-2&rft.aulast=Weinert-Kendt&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuwAlCwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dforce%2Btheme%2Bstar%2Bwars%2Bmusic%26pg%3DPT119&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stratmann_249-66"><a href="#cite_ref-Stratmann_249_66-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStratmann2016" class="citation book cs1">Stratmann, H. G. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nYeQCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA249">Using Medicine in Science Fiction: The SF Writer's Guide to Human Biology</a>. Springer International Publishing. p. 249. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-319-16015-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-319-16015-3"><bdi>978-3-319-16015-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200819154851/https://books.google.com/books?id=nYeQCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA249">Archived</a> from the original on August 19, 2020. 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Adams Media. p. 157. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4405-8288-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4405-8288-2"><bdi>978-1-4405-8288-2</bdi></a>. Retrieved May 20, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wizards%3A+The+Myths%2C+Legends%2C+%26+Lore&rft.pages=157&rft.pub=Adams+Media&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-4405-8288-2&rft.aulast=Sherman&rft.aufirst=Aubrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Der6YCAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA157&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlotmann2014" class="citation book cs1">Flotmann, Christina (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=N7LJBAAAQBAJ&pg=PP368">Ambiguity in Star Wars And Harry Potter: A (Post) Structuralist Reading of Two Popular Myths</a>. Transcript Verlag. p. 368. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-837-62148-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-837-62148-8"><bdi>978-3-837-62148-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200819150635/https://books.google.com/books?id=N7LJBAAAQBAJ&pg=PP368">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-08-19. Retrieved 2019-04-22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ambiguity+in+Star+Wars+And+Harry+Potter%3A+A+%28Post%29+Structuralist+Reading+of+Two+Popular+Myths&rft.pages=368&rft.pub=Transcript+Verlag&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-3-837-62148-8&rft.aulast=Flotmann&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DN7LJBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPP368&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-69">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_69-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_69-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVishnevetsky2017" class="citation news cs1">Vishnevetsky, Ignatiy (December 15, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avclub.com/part-kurosawa-part-wile-e-coyote-the-last-jedi-boldl-1821291545">"Part Kurosawa, part Wile E. Coyote, The Last Jedi boldly rewires Star Wars' origins"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">The A.V. Club</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201221134419/https://www.avclub.com/part-kurosawa-part-wile-e-coyote-the-last-jedi-boldl-1821291545">Archived</a> from the original on December 21, 2020. Retrieved April 2, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+A.V.+Club&rft.atitle=Part+Kurosawa%2C+part+Wile+E.+Coyote%2C+The+Last+Jedi+boldly+rewires+Star+Wars%27+origins&rft.date=2017-12-15&rft.aulast=Vishnevetsky&rft.aufirst=Ignatiy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avclub.com%2Fpart-kurosawa-part-wile-e-coyote-the-last-jedi-boldl-1821291545&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles2012" class="citation book cs1">Charles, Eric (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LV4Wdl13aqMC&pg=PA130">"The Jedi Network: Star Wars' Portrayal and Inspirations on the Small Screen"</a>. In Brode, Douglas; Deyneka, Leah (eds.). Myth, Media, and Culture in Star Wars: An Anthology. Scarecrow Press. pp. 129–131. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-810-88513-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-810-88513-4"><bdi>978-0-810-88513-4</bdi></a>. Retrieved May 20, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Jedi+Network%3A+Star+Wars%27+Portrayal+and+Inspirations+on+the+Small+Screen&rft.btitle=Myth%2C+Media%2C+and+Culture+in+Star+Wars%3A+An+Anthology&rft.pages=129-131&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-810-88513-4&rft.aulast=Charles&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLV4Wdl13aqMC%26pg%3DPA130&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark2015" class="citation book cs1">Clark, Mark (2015). "26". Star Wars FAQ: Everything Left to Know About the Trilogy That Changed the Movies. Applause Theatre & Cinema Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4803-6018-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4803-6018-1"><bdi>978-1-4803-6018-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=26&rft.btitle=Star+Wars+FAQ%3A+Everything+Left+to+Know+About+the+Trilogy+That+Changed+the+Movies&rft.pub=Applause+Theatre+%26+Cinema+Books&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-4803-6018-1&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSlavicsek1994" class="citation book cs1">Slavicsek, Bill (1994). <a href="/wiki/A_Guide_to_the_Star_Wars_Universe" title="A Guide to the Star Wars Universe">A Guide to the Star Wars Universe</a> (2nd ed.). <a href="/wiki/Del_Rey_Books" title="Del Rey Books">Del Rey Books</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/guidetostarwarsu00slav/page/158">158</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-345-38625-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-345-38625-6"><bdi>0-345-38625-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Guide+to+the+Star+Wars+Universe&rft.pages=158&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Del+Rey+Books&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-345-38625-6&rft.aulast=Slavicsek&rft.aufirst=Bill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCanby1977" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Canby" title="Vincent Canby">Canby, Vincent</a> (May 26, 1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/library/film/052677wars.html">"Star Wars—A Trip to a Far Galaxy That's Fun and Funny..."</a> <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060424081519/http://www.nytimes.com/library/film/052677wars.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 24, 2006. 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The Journal of Religion and Popular Culture. 31 (1): 1–2. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3138%2Fjrpc.2018-0049">10.3138/jrpc.2018-0049</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1703-289X">1703-289X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Religion+and+Popular+Culture&rft.atitle=Studying+Religion%28s%29+in+a+Galaxy+Far%2C+Far+Away&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-2&rft.date=2019-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3138%2Fjrpc.2018-0049&rft.issn=1703-289X&rft.aulast=Guitton&rft.aufirst=Matthieu+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.3138%252Fjrpc.2018-0049&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKraemerCassidySchwartz2009" class="citation book cs1">Kraemer, Ross; Cassidy, William; Schwartz, Susan L. 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Retrieved May 23, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York&rft.atitle=Star+Dust&rft.pages=71&rft.date=1977-06-20&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQuQCAAAAMBAJ%26q%3Dstar%2Bwars%26pg%3DPA71&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lincoln-102"><a href="#cite_ref-Lincoln_102-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLincoln2015" class="citation web cs1">Lincoln, Kevin (December 17, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vulture.com/2015/12/nymag-original-star-wars-review-1977.html">"Looking Back at New York's Critical 1977 Review of Star Wars"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Vulture.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Vulture.com">Vulture.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151217215621/http://www.vulture.com/2015/12/nymag-original-star-wars-review-1977.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 17, 2015. Retrieved May 23, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Looking+Back+at+New+York%27s+Critical+1977+Review+of+Star+Wars&rft.pub=Vulture.com&rft.date=2015-12-17&rft.aulast=Lincoln&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vulture.com%2F2015%2F12%2Fnymag-original-star-wars-review-1977.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDinello2005" class="citation book cs1">Dinello, Daniel (2005). Technophobia!: Science Fiction Visions of Posthuman Technology. Austin: University of Texas Press. p. 211. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-292-70986-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-292-70986-2"><bdi>0-292-70986-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Technophobia%21%3A+Science+Fiction+Visions+of+Posthuman+Technology&rft.place=Austin&rft.pages=211&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-292-70986-2&rft.aulast=Dinello&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-forgivegl-104">^ <a href="#cite_ref-forgivegl_104-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-forgivegl_104-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBell2015" class="citation web cs1">Bell, Chris (December 16, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/star-wars-the-force-awakens/george-lucas-movies-hate-defence/">"Why it's time to stop hating George Lucas"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Telegraph</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/star-wars-the-force-awakens/george-lucas-movies-hate-defence/">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved May 26, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Why+it%27s+time+to+stop+hating+George+Lucas&rft.date=2015-12-16&rft.aulast=Bell&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ffilm%2Fstar-wars-the-force-awakens%2Fgeorge-lucas-movies-hate-defence%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMusgrove2014" class="citation news cs1">Musgrove, Mike (October 10, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/review-how-star-wars-conquered-the-universe-by-chris-taylor/2014/10/09/6cd5afa2-32bc-11e4-8f02-03c644b2d7d0_story.html">"Review: How Star Wars Conquered the Universe by Chris Taylor"</a>. The Washington Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160701110410/https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/review-how-star-wars-conquered-the-universe-by-chris-taylor/2014/10/09/6cd5afa2-32bc-11e4-8f02-03c644b2d7d0_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 1, 2016. Retrieved May 24, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Review%3A+How+Star+Wars+Conquered+the+Universe+by+Chris+Taylor&rft.date=2014-10-10&rft.aulast=Musgrove&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fentertainment%2Fbooks%2Freview-how-star-wars-conquered-the-universe-by-chris-taylor%2F2014%2F10%2F09%2F6cd5afa2-32bc-11e4-8f02-03c644b2d7d0_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaputo2001" class="citation book cs1">Caputo, John D. (2001). On Religion. London: Routledge. p. 87. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-23332-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-23332-1"><bdi>0-415-23332-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+Religion&rft.place=London&rft.pages=87&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-415-23332-1&rft.aulast=Caputo&rft.aufirst=John+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarkar2017" class="citation web cs1">Sarkar, Samit (December 30, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.polygon.com/platform/amp/2017/12/30/16791054/star-wars-the-last-jedi-force-franchise-disney-lucasfilm-rian-johnson">"Star Wars: The Last Jedi opens up the Force, which makes business sense for Disney - Polygon"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Polygon_(website)" title="Polygon (website)">Polygon</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200809015855/https://www.polygon.com/platform/amp/2017/12/30/16791054/star-wars-the-last-jedi-force-franchise-disney-lucasfilm-rian-johnson">Archived</a> from the original on August 9, 2020. Retrieved April 2, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Polygon&rft.atitle=Star+Wars%3A+The+Last+Jedi+opens+up+the+Force%2C+which+makes+business+sense+for+Disney+-+Polygon&rft.date=2017-12-30&rft.aulast=Sarkar&rft.aufirst=Samit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.polygon.com%2Fplatform%2Famp%2F2017%2F12%2F30%2F16791054%2Fstar-wars-the-last-jedi-force-franchise-disney-lucasfilm-rian-johnson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGomez2013" class="citation book cs1">Gomez, Rolando (8 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wJddDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT18">Socially Smart: Twitter Plus Facebook, Marketing Multipliers And Brand Boosters</a>. BookBaby. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62675-475-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-62675-475-1"><bdi>978-1-62675-475-1</bdi></a>. Retrieved 28 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Socially+Smart%3A+Twitter+Plus+Facebook%2C+Marketing+Multipliers+And+Brand+Boosters&rft.pub=BookBaby&rft.date=2013-04-08&rft.isbn=978-1-62675-475-1&rft.aulast=Gomez&rft.aufirst=Rolando&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwJddDQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmerican_Film_Institute2005" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/American_Film_Institute" title="American Film Institute">American Film Institute</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afi.com/100years/quotes.aspx">"AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150415022946/http://www.afi.com/100Years/quotes.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on April 15, 2015. Retrieved May 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AFI%27s+100+Years...100+Movie+Quotes&rft.date=2005&rft.au=American+Film+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afi.com%2F100years%2Fquotes.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100508193201/http://www.myfoxchattanooga.com/dpps/entertainment/star-wars-day-may-the-4th-be-with-you-dpgoha-20100504-fc_7371587">'Star Wars' Day: May The 4th Be With You</a>, My Fox Chattanooga, May 4, 2010, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.myfoxchattanooga.com/dpps/entertainment/star-wars-day-may-the-4th-be-with-you-dpgoha-20100504-fc_7371587">the original</a> on May 8, 2010</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%27Star+Wars%27+Day%3A+May+The+4th+Be+With+You&rft.pub=My+Fox+Chattanooga&rft.date=2010-05-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.myfoxchattanooga.com%2Fdpps%2Fentertainment%2Fstar-wars-day-may-the-4th-be-with-you-dpgoha-20100504-fc_7371587&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor-60-111"><a href="#cite_ref-taylor-60_111-0">^</a> <a href="#taylor">Taylor</a>, p. 60 </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Lama1985" class="citation web cs1">de Lama, George (March 30, 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/1985/03/30/the-force-is-with-us-reagan-says/">"'The Force Is With Us,' Reagan Says"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Chicago_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="The Chicago Tribune">The Chicago Tribune</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160701203642/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1985-03-30/news/8501170975_1_aggressive-civilian-space-agenda-star-wars-national-space-club">Archived</a> from the original on July 1, 2016. Retrieved June 2, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=%27The+Force+Is+With+Us%2C%27+Reagan+Says&rft.date=1985-03-30&rft.aulast=de+Lama&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2F1985%2F03%2F30%2Fthe-force-is-with-us-reagan-says%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2018" class="citation news cs1">Williams, Brenna (May 4, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/04/politics/flashback-friday-reagan-star-wars-speech/index.html">"#FBF: Ronald Reagan and Star Wars"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. <a href="/wiki/Turner_Broadcasting_System" title="Turner Broadcasting System">Turner Broadcasting System</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180504111315/https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/04/politics/flashback-friday-reagan-star-wars-speech/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 4, 2018. Retrieved May 4, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=%23FBF%3A+Ronald+Reagan+and+Star+Wars&rft.date=2018-05-04&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Brenna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2018%2F05%2F04%2Fpolitics%2Fflashback-friday-reagan-star-wars-speech%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDowell2007" class="citation book cs1">McDowell, John C. (2007). The Gospel According to Star Wars: Faith, Hope, and the Force. <a href="/wiki/Westminster_John_Knox" class="mw-redirect" title="Westminster John Knox">Westminster John Knox</a>. p. 26. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61164-425-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61164-425-8"><bdi>978-1-61164-425-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Gospel+According+to+Star+Wars%3A+Faith%2C+Hope%2C+and+the+Force&rft.pages=26&rft.pub=Westminster+John+Knox&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-61164-425-8&rft.aulast=McDowell&rft.aufirst=John+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="bouzereau" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Laurent_Bouzereau" title="Laurent Bouzereau">Bouzereau, Laurent</a> (1997). Star Wars: The Annotated Screenplays. <a href="/wiki/Ballantine_Books" title="Ballantine Books">Ballantine Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-345-40981-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-345-40981-7"><bdi>0-345-40981-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Star+Wars%3A+The+Annotated+Screenplays&rft.pub=Ballantine+Books&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-345-40981-7&rft.aulast=Bouzereau&rft.aufirst=Laurent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="sosw" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Cavelos" title="Jeanne Cavelos">Cavelos, Jeanne</a> (May 1999). "5. The Force". <a href="/wiki/The_Science_of_Star_Wars_(book)" title="The Science of Star Wars (book)">The Science of Star Wars</a>. <a href="/wiki/St._Martin%27s_Press" title="St. Martin's Press">St. Martin's Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-312-20958-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-312-20958-4"><bdi>0-312-20958-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=5.+The+Force&rft.btitle=The+Science+of+Star+Wars&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=1999-05&rft.isbn=0-312-20958-4&rft.aulast=Cavelos&rft.aufirst=Jeanne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="kaminski" class="citation book cs1">Kaminski, Michael (November 18, 2008). The Secret History of Star Wars. Legacy Books Press. pp. 75–77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9784652-3-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9784652-3-0"><bdi>978-0-9784652-3-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Secret+History+of+Star+Wars&rft.pages=75-77&rft.pub=Legacy+Books+Press&rft.date=2008-11-18&rft.isbn=978-0-9784652-3-0&rft.aulast=Kaminski&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="taylor" class="citation book cs1">Taylor, Chris (2014). How Star Wars Conquered the Universe: The Past, Present, and Future of a Multibillion Dollar Franchise. <a href="/wiki/Basic_Books" title="Basic Books">Basic Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/889674238">889674238</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Star+Wars+Conquered+the+Universe%3A+The+Past%2C+Present%2C+and+Future+of+a+Multibillion+Dollar+Franchise&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F889674238&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Chris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllain2017" class="citation magazine cs1">Allain, Rhett (May 4, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/2017/05/literally-calculate-power-force/">"In which we literally calculate the power of the Force"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">Wired</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired&rft.atitle=In+which+we+literally+calculate+the+power+of+the+Force&rft.date=2017-05-04&rft.aulast=Allain&rft.aufirst=Rhett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2F2017%2F05%2Fliterally-calculate-power-force%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAsher-Perrin2012" class="citation web cs1">Asher-Perrin, Emmet (September 12, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tor.com/2012/09/12/the-qtrue-nature-of-the-force-is-way-more-complicated-than-you-think/">"The "True Nature of the Force" is Way More Complicated Than You Think"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tor_Books" title="Tor Books">Tor Books</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160606015528/http://www.tor.com/2012/09/12/the-qtrue-nature-of-the-force-is-way-more-complicated-than-you-think/">Archived</a> from the original on June 6, 2016. Retrieved May 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+%22True+Nature+of+the+Force%22+is+Way+More+Complicated+Than+You+Think&rft.pub=Tor+Books&rft.date=2012-09-12&rft.aulast=Asher-Perrin&rft.aufirst=Emmet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tor.com%2F2012%2F09%2F12%2Fthe-qtrue-nature-of-the-force-is-way-more-complicated-than-you-think%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBortolin2005" class="citation book cs1">Bortolin, Matthew (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dharmaofstarwars00bort">The Dharma of Star Wars</a>. Wisdom Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86171-497-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-86171-497-0"><bdi>0-86171-497-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dharma+of+Star+Wars&rft.pub=Wisdom+Publications&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-86171-497-0&rft.aulast=Bortolin&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdharmaofstarwars00bort&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeckerEberlIrwin2009" class="citation book cs1">Decker, Kevin S.; Eberl, Jason T.; Irwin, William (2009). Star Wars and Philosophy: More Powerful than You Can Possibly Imagine. <a href="/wiki/Open_Court_Publishing_Company" title="Open Court Publishing Company">Open Court Publishing Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4351-1946-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4351-1946-8"><bdi>978-1-4351-1946-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Star+Wars+and+Philosophy%3A+More+Powerful+than+You+Can+Possibly+Imagine&rft.pub=Open+Court+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4351-1946-8&rft.aulast=Decker&rft.aufirst=Kevin+S.&rft.au=Eberl%2C+Jason+T.&rft.au=Irwin%2C+William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPanchinTuzhikovPanchin2014" class="citation journal cs1">Panchin, Alexander Y.; Tuzhikov, Alexander I.; Panchin, Yuri V. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4094439">"Midichlorians - the biomeme hypothesis: is there a microbial component to religious rituals?"</a>. Biology Direct. 9: 14. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186%2F1745-6150-9-14">10.1186/1745-6150-9-14</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4094439">4094439</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24990702">24990702</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:6109536">6109536</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biology+Direct&rft.atitle=Midichlorians+-+the+biomeme+hypothesis%3A+is+there+a+microbial+component+to+religious+rituals%3F&rft.volume=9&rft.pages=14&rft.date=2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4094439%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A6109536%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24990702&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2F1745-6150-9-14&rft.aulast=Panchin&rft.aufirst=Alexander+Y.&rft.au=Tuzhikov%2C+Alexander+I.&rft.au=Panchin%2C+Yuri+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4094439&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPorter2003" class="citation book cs1">Porter, John M. (2003). The Tao of Star Wars. Humanics Trade Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89334-385-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-89334-385-4"><bdi>0-89334-385-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Tao+of+Star+Wars&rft.pub=Humanics+Trade+Group&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-89334-385-4&rft.aulast=Porter&rft.aufirst=John+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitbrook2019" class="citation book cs1">Whitbrook, James (September 18, 2019). So, What Can a Force Ghost Do?. <a href="/wiki/G/O_Media" title="G/O Media">G/O Media</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=So%2C+What+Can+a+Force+Ghost+Do%3F&rft.pub=G%2FO+Media&rft.date=2019-09-18&rft.aulast=Whitbrook&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Force" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Force&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Star_Wars_universe" title="Template:Star Wars universe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Star_Wars_universe" title="Template talk:Star Wars universe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Star_Wars_universe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Star Wars universe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fictional_universe_of_Star_Wars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Fictional universe of <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Star_Wars" title="Architecture of Star Wars">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clone_Wars_(Star_Wars)" class="mw-redirect" title="Clone Wars (Star Wars)">Clone Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_in_Star_Wars" title="Languages in Star Wars">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physics_and_Star_Wars" title="Physics and Star Wars">Physics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_characters" title="List of Star Wars characters">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_films" title="List of Star Wars films">Films</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Admiral_Ackbar" title="Admiral Ackbar">Admiral Ackbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padm%C3%A9_Amidala" title="Padmé Amidala">Padmé Amidala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassian_Andor" title="Cassian Andor">Cassian Andor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedge_Antilles" title="Wedge Antilles">Wedge Antilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BB-8" title="BB-8">BB-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Beckett" title="Tobias Beckett">Tobias Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jar_Jar_Binks" title="Jar Jar Binks">Jar Jar Binks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-3PO" title="C-3PO">C-3PO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lando_Calrissian" title="Lando Calrissian">Lando Calrissian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chewbacca" title="Chewbacca">Chewbacca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poe_Dameron" title="Poe Dameron">Poe Dameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Count_Dooku" title="Count Dooku">Count Dooku / Darth Tyranus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyn_Erso" title="Jyn Erso">Jyn Erso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boba_Fett" title="Boba Fett">Boba Fett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jango_Fett" title="Jango Fett">Jango Fett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finn_(Star_Wars)" title="Finn (Star Wars)">Finn (FN-2187)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bib_Fortuna" title="Bib Fortuna">Bib Fortuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saw_Gerrera" title="Saw Gerrera">Saw Gerrera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Grievous" title="General Grievous">General Grievous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice-Admiral_Holdo" title="Vice-Admiral Holdo">Vice-Admiral Holdo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabba_the_Hutt" title="Jabba the Hutt">Jabba the Hutt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Hux" title="General Hux">General Hux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qui-Gon_Jinn" title="Qui-Gon Jinn">Qui-Gon Jinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-2SO" title="K-2SO">K-2SO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maz_Kanata" title="Maz Kanata">Maz Kanata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obi-Wan_Kenobi" title="Obi-Wan Kenobi">Obi-Wan Kenobi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Krennic" title="Orson Krennic">Orson Krennic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darth_Maul" title="Darth Maul">Darth Maul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mon_Mothma" title="Mon Mothma">Mon Mothma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nien_Nunb" class="mw-redirect" title="Nien Nunb">Nien Nunb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Leia" title="Princess Leia">Leia Organa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palpatine" title="Palpatine">Emperor Palpatine / Darth Sidious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Phasma" title="Captain Phasma">Captain Phasma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiral_Piett" title="Admiral Piett">Admiral Piett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qi%27ra" title="Qi'ra">Qi'ra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R2-D2" title="R2-D2">R2-D2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kylo_Ren" title="Kylo Ren">Kylo Ren / Ben Solo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rey_(Star_Wars)" title="Rey (Star Wars)">Rey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darth_Vader" title="Darth Vader">Anakin Skywalker / Darth Vader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_Skywalker" title="Luke Skywalker">Luke Skywalker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Leader_Snoke" title="Supreme Leader Snoke">Supreme Leader Snoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Solo" title="Han Solo">Han Solo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Moff_Tarkin" title="Grand Moff Tarkin">Grand Moff Tarkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Tico" title="Rose Tico">Rose Tico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinlan_Vos" title="Quinlan Vos">Quinlan Vos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wicket_W._Warrick" class="mw-redirect" title="Wicket W. Warrick">Wicket W. Warrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watto" title="Watto">Watto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mace_Windu" title="Mace Windu">Mace Windu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoda" title="Yoda">Yoda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_television_series" title="List of Star Wars television series">Television series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Armorer" title="The Armorer">The Armorer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cad_Bane" title="Cad Bane">Cad Bane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Bridger" title="Ezra Bridger">Ezra Bridger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Client_(Star_Wars)" title="The Client (Star Wars)">The Client</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cara_Dune" title="Cara Dune">Cara Dune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moff_Gideon" title="Moff Gideon">Moff Gideon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grogu" title="Grogu">Din Grogu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IG-11" title="IG-11">IG-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanan_Jarrus" title="Kanan Jarrus">Kanan Jarrus / Caleb Dume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greef_Karga" title="Greef Karga">Greef Karga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo-Katan_Kryze" title="Bo-Katan Kryze">Bo-Katan Kryze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuiil" title="Kuiil">Kuiil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mandalorian_(character)" title="The Mandalorian (character)">The Mandalorian / Din Djarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migs_Mayfeld" title="Migs Mayfeld">Migs Mayfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Rex" title="Captain Rex">Captain Rex / CT-7567</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fennec_Shand" title="Fennec Shand">Fennec Shand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hera_Syndulla" title="Hera Syndulla">Hera Syndulla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahsoka_Tano" title="Ahsoka Tano">Ahsoka Tano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asajj_Ventress" title="Asajj Ventress">Asajj Ventress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paz_Vizsla" title="Paz Vizsla">Paz Vizsla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Wren" title="Sabine Wren">Sabine Wren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em"><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_video_games" title="Star Wars video games">Video games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HK-47" title="HK-47">B-1 (Mister Bones)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cal_Kestis" title="Cal Kestis">Cal Kestis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iden_Versio" title="Iden Versio">Iden Versio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Aphra" title="Doctor Aphra">Doctor Aphra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darth_Bane" title="Darth Bane">Darth Bane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Krrsantan" title="Black Krrsantan">Black Krrsantan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darth_Plagueis" title="Darth Plagueis">Darth Plagueis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren_(Star_Wars)" title="Ren (Star Wars)">Ren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Admiral_Thrawn" title="Grand Admiral Thrawn">Grand Admiral Thrawn / Mitth'raw'nuruodo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobb_Vanth" title="Cobb Vanth">Cobb Vanth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em"><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_Legends" class="mw-redirect" title="Star Wars Legends">Legends</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mara_Jade" title="Mara Jade">Mara Jade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacen_Solo" title="Jacen Solo">Jacen Solo / Darth Caedus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tag_and_Bink" title="Tag and Bink">Tag and Bink</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em">Video games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HK-47" title="HK-47">HK-47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kreia" title="Kreia">Kreia / Darth Traya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_Rebels_characters" title="List of Star Wars Rebels characters">Rebels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_The_Mandalorian_characters" title="List of The Mandalorian characters">The Mandalorian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_The_Book_of_Boba_Fett_characters" title="List of The Book of Boba Fett characters">The Book of Boba Fett</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_Legends_characters" title="List of Star Wars Legends characters">Legends</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Characters_of_the_Star_Wars:_Knights_of_the_Old_Republic_series" title="Characters of the Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic series">Knights of the Old Republic</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skywalker_family" title="Skywalker family">Skywalker family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Rebo_Band" title="Max Rebo Band">Max Rebo Band</a></li> <li>Military groups <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clone_trooper" title="Clone trooper">Clone troopers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stormtrooper_(Star_Wars)" title="Stormtrooper (Star Wars)">Stormtroopers</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Republican factions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jedi" title="Jedi">Jedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_Republic" title="Galactic Republic">Galactic Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_High_Republic" title="Star Wars: The High Republic">High Republic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebel_Alliance" title="Rebel Alliance">Rebel Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resistance_(Star_Wars)" title="Resistance (Star Wars)">Resistance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Imperialist factions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sith" title="Sith">Sith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_Empire_(Star_Wars)" title="Galactic Empire (Star Wars)">Galactic Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Order_(Star_Wars)" title="First Order (Star Wars)">First Order</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Independent factions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clone_Wars_(Star_Wars)" class="mw-redirect" title="Clone Wars (Star Wars)">Confederacy of Independent Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardians_of_the_Whills" title="Guardians of the Whills">Guardians of the Whills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandalorians" title="Mandalorians">Mandalorians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_planets_and_moons" title="List of Star Wars planets and moons">Planets and moons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alderaan" title="Alderaan">Alderaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coruscant" title="Coruscant">Coruscant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagobah" title="Dagobah">Dagobah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endor_(Star_Wars)" title="Endor (Star Wars)">Endor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoth" title="Hoth">Hoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakku" title="Jakku">Jakku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naboo" title="Naboo">Naboo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatooine" title="Tatooine">Tatooine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mos_Eisley" title="Mos Eisley">Mos Eisley</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yavin" class="mw-redirect" title="Yavin">Yavin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_creatures" title="List of Star Wars creatures">Creatures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Sapient species</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_species_(A%E2%80%93E)" title="List of Star Wars species (A–E)">A–E</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ewok" title="Ewok">Ewok</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_species_(F%E2%80%93J)" title="List of Star Wars species (F–J)">F–J</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hutt_(Star_Wars)" title="Hutt (Star Wars)">Hutt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_species_(K%E2%80%93O)" title="List of Star Wars species (K–O)">K–O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_species_(P%E2%80%93T)" title="List of Star Wars species (P–T)">P–T</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tusken_Raiders" title="Tusken Raiders">Tusken Raiders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_species_(U%E2%80%93Z)" title="List of Star Wars species (U–Z)">U–Z</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wookiee" title="Wookiee">Wookiee</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Other creatures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantha" title="Bantha">Bantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Droid_(Star_Wars)" title="Droid (Star Wars)">Droid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarlacc" title="Sarlacc">Sarlacc</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Technology_in_Star_Wars" title="Technology in Star Wars">Technology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_weapons" title="List of Star Wars weapons">Weapons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaster_(Star_Wars)" title="Blaster (Star Wars)">Blaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightsaber" title="Lightsaber">Lightsaber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_air,_aquatic,_and_ground_vehicles" title="List of Star Wars air, aquatic, and ground vehicles">Terrestrial vehicles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Landspeeder" title="Landspeeder">Landspeeder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandcrawler" title="Sandcrawler">Sandcrawler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speeder_bike" title="Speeder bike">Speeder bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walker_(Star_Wars)" title="Walker (Star Wars)">Walker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_starfighters" title="List of Star Wars starfighters">Starfighters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-wing" title="A-wing">A-wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-wing_fighter" title="X-wing fighter">X-wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y-wing" title="Y-wing">Y-wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TIE_fighter" title="TIE fighter">TIE fighter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_spacecraft" title="List of Star Wars spacecraft">Spacecraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_Star" title="Death Star">Death Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennium_Falcon" title="Millennium Falcon">Millennium Falcon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Destroyer" title="Star Destroyer">Star Destroyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantive_IV" title="Tantive IV">Tantive IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dejarik" title="Dejarik">Dejarik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabacc" 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