Le "Joker" de 2019 nous rappelle que le rire n'est pas toujours drôle

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<strong>Actualisé</strong> 09/10/2019 10:36 CEST </span> </div> <div class="headline"> <h1 class="headline__title">Le "Joker" de 2019 nous rappelle que le rire n'est pas toujours drôle</h1> <h2 class="headline__subtitle">Le film avec Joaquin Phoenix sur la genèse de l'ennemi de Batman joue sur l'ambivalence du rire, parfois effrayant, parfois gênant.</h2> <div class="headline__stroke" style="background-color: #0dbe98"></div> </div> <div class="share-bar share-bar--sticky yr-share"> <ul class="share-bar__list"><li class="facebook share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Facebook yr-share-item" data-social-name="facebook" aria-label="Share on Facebook" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028152324/https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.fr%2Fentry%2Fjoker-rire-analyse_fr_5d9b4619e4b0993898039166%3Fncid%3Dother_facebook_eucluwzme5k%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_facebook" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="twitter share-bar__item"><a 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class="author-card__details__name" href="/web/20201028152324/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/author/louise-wessbecher"> <span class="author-card__details__name"> Par Louise Wessbecher </span> </a> </span> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </header> <div class="page__content__row row--no-border"> <div class="col col--body-center"> <div class="entry__below-entry"> <div class="entry__content js-entry-content"> <div class="entry__body" data-part="contents">  <div id="sharebox_260x60" class="advertisement sharebox_260x60 ad_spot desktop-only"> </div> <div class="post-contents yr-entry-text"><figure class="content-list-component image"> <span class="share-bar-image-wrapper"><img class="image__src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028152324im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d9b4ae2210000b103ab8f1d.jpeg?cache=asz2sZibct&ops=scalefit_630_noupscale" aria-label="Joaquin Phoenix en Joker, au cinéma le mercredi 9 octobre" alt="Joaquin Phoenix en Joker, au cinéma le mercredi 9 octobre"> <div class="share-bar share-bar--instream"> <div class="share-bar__item pinterest" data-type="pinterest"> <a class="share-bar__item-link entry__link--omit icon-Social_Pinterest" data-pin-custom="true" href="" target="_blank"> </a> </div> </div> </span><div class="image__meta-wrapper"><span class="image__credit">2019 Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved. TM & © DC Comics / Niko Tavernise</span><figcaption class="image__caption">Joaquin Phoenix en Joker, au cinéma le mercredi 9 octobre 2019</figcaption></div></figure><div class="content-list-component text"><p>CINÉMA - Impossible de parler du Joker sans évoquer son rire. Dans le <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028152324/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/joker/">nouveau film</a> de <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028152324/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/le-joker-joaquin-phoenix-bande-annonce-va-vous-donner-le-sourire_fr_5d66fd6ee4b022fbceb5b4bd">Todd Phillipps</a>, au cinéma ce mercredi 9 octobre, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028152324/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/joaquin-phoenix/">Joaquin Phoenix</a> endosse le costume de l’anti-héros, bien avant qu’il ne devienne l’ennemi juré de <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028152324/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/batman/">Batman</a>. Et ses crises de rire rythment le long-métrage, déclenchant de la gêne, des moqueries ou de la peur autour de lui.</p><p>Loin des comics ou des traditionnels films de super-héros de DC, le “Joker” version 2019 est avant tout le portrait sombre d’un homme fragile psychologiquement qui ne trouve pas sa place dans la société. Arthur Fleck (Joaquin Phoenix) vit avec sa mère malade dans un immeuble délabré. Il rêve d’une carrière dans le stand-up, mais officie comme clown dans une entreprise sordide. Jusqu’au jour où sa détresse se transforme en violence.</p><h2>Le côté obscur du rire</h2><p>Au travail, dans les transports en commun ou sur les scènes ouvertes où il tente le soir de lancer sa nouvelle carrière, l’homme est victime de crises incontrôlées de rire, symptômes d’un handicap dont il souffre, qui perturbent ceux qui l’entourent. Et nous, spectateurs du film, avec.</p><p>Alors pourquoi ces scènes de fous rires nous mettent-elles tant mal à l’aise? Sans doute parce que le film “Joker” nous rappelle toute l’ambivalence du rire et son côté sombre auquel on est plus rarement confrontés.</p>  <div id="entry_paragraph_4" data-label-height="50" class="advertisement-holder entry-paragraph-ad entry-body--paragraph-ad"> <div class="advertisement-label align-center disable-highlight-popup"></div> <div class="ad_spot "> <div id="inread" data-format="inread" class="ad-entry_paragraph_4 dfp-slot "></div> </div> </div> <p>“Le rire est une des manières les plus évidentes d’exprimer des émotions positives”, explique au <em>HuffPost </em><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028152324/https://editions-metailie.com/auteur/david-le-breton/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">David Le Breton</a>, auteur d’une “Anthropologie du rieur” aux éditions Métailié. “Mais dans des situations beaucoup plus rares, le rire peut être associé à des moments plus douloureux, plus tragiques.”</p><p>Les figures du rire sont innombrables, rappelle le sociologue et anthropologue qui lui a consacré un ouvrage. On peut rire de détresse, de mépris, rire pour remettre quelqu’un à sa place, ou rire dans un contexte raciste ou de harcèlement. Si Arthur Fleck dans le “Joker” souffre de ne pas contrôler ses crises de rire, elles sont pourtant interprétées de toutes ces façons par ceux qu’ils croisent.</p></div><figure class="content-list-component image"> <span class="share-bar-image-wrapper"><img class="image__src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028152324im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d9b61f02100002a043302da.jpeg?ops=scalefit_630_noupscale" aria-label="Arthur Fleck, incarné par Joaquin Phoenix, victime de l'une de ses crises de" alt="Arthur Fleck, incarné par Joaquin Phoenix, victime de l'une de ses crises de"> <div class="share-bar share-bar--instream"> <div class="share-bar__item pinterest" data-type="pinterest"> <a class="share-bar__item-link entry__link--omit icon-Social_Pinterest" data-pin-custom="true" href="" target="_blank"> </a> </div> </div> </span><div class="image__meta-wrapper"><span class="image__credit">2019 Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved / Niko Tavernise</span><figcaption class="image__caption">Arthur Fleck, incarné par Joaquin Phoenix, victime de l'une de ses crises de rire</figcaption></div></figure><div class="content-list-component text"><p>“Le fou rire qui nous échappe est extrêmement perturbant. Il apparaît souvent dans des moments de grande tension intérieure”, détaille David Le Breton. À l’image de ce moment du film où celui qui n’est pas encore le Joker monte sur scène pour la première fois pour tester ses blagues devant un public. Ou lorsqu’un soir en rentrant du travail, il assiste à l’agression d’une femme dans le métro.</p><h2>Le Joker, l’homme qui rit</h2><p>Rire dans une situation qui n’est a priori pas drôle déconcerte totalement ceux qui assistent à cette scène. Et cela est exacerbé lorsque celui qui rit a un maquillage de clown sur le visage. Le grand sourire rouge qui s’affiche sur la figure du personnage incarné par Joaquin Phoenix est une illustration supplémentaire de l’ambivalence du rire.</p><p>“Le visage défiguré de Jack Nicholson, qui lui conférait un rictus rieur dans le ‘Batman’ de Tim Burton renvoyait déjà au livre ‘L’Homme qui rit’ de Victor Hugo”, précise David Le Breton au <em>HuffPost</em>. En effet, dans l’&oelig;uvre d’Hugo parue en 1869, Gwynplaine, mutilé enfant par des trafiquants, est sans cesse jugé sur ses traits abîmés, même lorsqu’il siège à la Chambre des lords.</p><p>“Cette transformation délibérée du visage pour afficher un air narquois vient perturber profondément les relations sociales, poursuit le sociologue. Les gens éclatent de rire en permanence parce que son visage contredit ce qu’il dit. Ce sourire dans des moments sérieux déconcerte les repères, déconstruit les situations.”</p><p>Et il en va de même pour le “Joker” dans cette histoire imaginée avec justesse par Todd Philips, dont le sourire rouge et le masque de clown cachent en fait un homme malade, perdu et en détresse.</p><p> </p></div><div class="content-list-component embed-asset"><style type="text/css"> #lbc .green-divider { height: 6px; width: 100%; background-color: #0FBE99;} #lbc .gray-divider { height: 1px; width: 100%; background-color: #E6E6E6;} #lbc .responsive-divider { margin-top: 20px; height: 1px; width: 100%; background-color: #E6E6E6;} #lbc .main-window { border: 1px solid #E6E6E6; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; position: relative; } #lbc .picture-column { margin-left: .3rem; max-width: 100% } #lbc .affiliation-column { background-color: #F8F8F8; width:100%; } #lbc .pros-cons-column { width:100%; } @media (min-width: 550px) { #lbc .picture-column { width:59%; } #lbc .affiliation-column { margin-left:auto; width:40%; } #lbc .pros-cons-column { width:50%; } #lbc .responsive-divider { display:none; } } #lbc .product-name { margin:0px; color: #444444; font-family: "ProximaNovaCondensed"; font-size: 24px; font-weight: 900; line-height: 29px; padding: 1rem; } #lbc .product-picture { max-width: 85%; display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } #lbc img { max-width:100%; height:auto; max-height:300px; display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } #lbc .buy-text { height: 22px; color: #000000; font-family: "ProximaNovaCondensed"; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 22px; margin: 35px 20px 13px; } #lbc .buy-cta{ display: inline-block; padding: 0px 20px; margin: 0px 2px 13px 20px; height: 39px; background-color: #0DBE98; text-align: center; font-family: "ProximaNovaCondensed"; color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 15px; line-height: 39px; text-decoration: none; } #lbc .buy-cta:hover { background-color: #444444; } @media (min-width: 550px) { #lbc .buy-cta{ display:block; margin: 0px 20px 13px; padding: 0px; } } #lbc .price-disclaimer { margin: 0px 20px 20px; height: 51px; color: #757575; font-family: "Proxima Nova"; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; } #lbc .pros-label, .cons-label { margin: 20px; height: 30px; font-family: "ProximaNovaCondensed"; font-size: 21px; font-weight: 900; line-height: 30px; } #lbc .pros-label { color: #0DBE98; } #lbc .cons-label { color: #757575; } #lbc .pros-cons-text { margin: 0px 20px 0px 0px; } #lbc .pros-cons-text li{ list-style-type: disc; color: #000000; font-family: "ProximaNova"; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; } .entry--wide .follow-us { display: none;} </style><div id="lbc"><div class="green-divider"></div><div class="main-window"><div class="picture-column"><h2 class="product-name">"Une anthropologie du rieur", de David Le Breton</h2><div class="product-picture"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028152324im_/https://big.assets.huffingtonpost.com/athena/files/2019/10/08/5d9cb896e4b087efdba38f14.jpg" alt="" une anthropologie du rieur", de david le breton"></div></div><div class="affiliation-column"><div class="buy-text">Disponible sur</div><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028152324/https://www.amazon.fr/Rire-Une-anthropologie-du-rieur/dp/B07F9GP36X/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&linkCode=ll1&linkId=2f13128a5d6787720f7193d1890560c8&language=fr_FR&tag=lhpid896-21" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank" class="buy-cta"><b>Amazon*</b> (20€)</a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028152324/http://www.awin1.com/cread.php?awinaffid=535601&awinmid=12665&platform=dl&p=[[https://livre.fnac.com/a12538586/David-Le-Breton-Rire-Une-anthropologie-du-rieur#omnsearchpos=1]]&clickref=lhpid896-21" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank" class="buy-cta"><b>Fnac</b> (20€)</a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028152324/https://www.leslibraires.fr/livre/14562991-rire-une-anthropologie-du-rieur-david-le-breton-anne-marie-metailie?clickref=lhpid896-21" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank" class="buy-cta"><b>LesLibraires.fr</b> (20€)</a><div class="price-disclaimer">*Le prix est celui indiqué par le marchand au moment de la publication de l'article</div></div></div></div></div><div class="content-list-component text"><p> </p><p><strong>À voir également sur <em>Le HuffPost</em>: </strong></p></div><div class="content-list-component embed-asset"><iframe data-provider="youtube" data-published="October 28, 2020 15:23" data-videovertical="" id="ytplayer" type="text/html" allowfullscreen="allowFullScreen" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028152324if_/https://www.youtube.com/embed/ePtEEdnx81M?enablejsapi=1" width="854" height="480" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay"></iframe></div><div class="content-list-component text"><div><p> </p><p><em>Certains liens de cet article renvoient vers des sites marchands, Le HuffPost peut recevoir une rémunération si un lecteur achète le produit en ligne. 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