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<li id="toc-Incorporated_examination_boards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Incorporated_examination_boards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Incorporated examination boards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Incorporated_examination_boards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Controversies</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Controversies subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2007" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2007"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>2007</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2007-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2013" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2013"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>2013</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2013-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2015" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2015"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>2015</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2015-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Difficulty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Difficulty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> 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class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.4</span> <span>Extremely low A-level mathematics grade boundaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Extremely_low_A-level_mathematics_grade_boundaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British multinational education and examination body owned by Pearson</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Edexcel</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Edexcel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a7/Edexcel.svg/200px-Edexcel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a7/Edexcel.svg/300px-Edexcel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a7/Edexcel.svg/400px-Edexcel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="493" data-file-height="203" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">1996<sup id="cite_ref-EdexcelHistory_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EdexcelHistory-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Merger of</th><td class="infobox-data">ULEAC and <a href="/wiki/Business_and_Technology_Education_Council" title="Business and Technology Education Council">BTEC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Examination_board" title="Examination board">Examination board</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Strand,_London" title="Strand, London">Strand, London</a>, United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Official language </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Chair</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Curnock_Cook" title="Mary Curnock Cook">Mary Curnock Cook</a> CBE</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Parent organisation</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pearson_plc" title="Pearson plc">Pearson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://qualifications.pearson.com">qualifications<wbr />.pearson<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Edexcel</b> (also known since 2013 as <b>Pearson Edexcel</b><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is a British <a href="/wiki/Multinational_corporation" title="Multinational corporation">multinational</a> education and examination body formed in 1996 and wholly owned by <a href="/wiki/Pearson_plc" title="Pearson plc">Pearson plc</a> since 2005. It is the only privately owned examination board in the United Kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its name is a <a href="/wiki/Portmanteau" class="mw-redirect" title="Portmanteau">portmanteau</a> term combining the words <i><b>ed</b>ucation</i> and <i><b>excel</b>lence</i>. </p><p>Edexcel regulates school examinations under the <a href="/wiki/British_Curriculum" class="mw-redirect" title="British Curriculum">British Curriculum</a> and offers qualifications for schools on the international and regional scale. It is the UK's largest awarding organisation offering academic and vocational qualifications in schools, colleges and work places in the UK and abroad. It is also recognised internationally.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, Edexcel was the focus of significant controversy following a leak of an <a href="/wiki/GCE_Advanced_Level" class="mw-redirect" title="GCE Advanced Level">A-level</a> examination. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Edexcel was formed in 1996 by the merger of two bodies, the <a href="/wiki/Business_and_Technology_Education_Council" title="Business and Technology Education Council">BTEC</a> (Business & Technology Education Council) and ULEAC (University of London Examinations and Assessment Council).<sup id="cite_ref-EdexcelHistory_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EdexcelHistory-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2003, the Edexcel Foundation (the <a href="/wiki/Charitable_organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Charitable organisation">charity</a> that managed the board) formed a partnership with Pearson plc to set up a new company called London Qualifications Ltd, which was 75% owned by Pearson and 25% by the Edexcel Foundation.<sup id="cite_ref-EdexcelHistory_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EdexcelHistory-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> London Qualifications Limited changed its name to Edexcel Limited in November 2004 and is now known colloquially as Edexcel and formally as Edexcel Pearson - London Examinations. </p><p>In 2005, Edexcel became the only large examination board to be held in private hands, when <a href="/wiki/Pearson_plc" title="Pearson plc">Pearson plc</a> took complete control.<sup id="cite_ref-EdexcelHistory_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EdexcelHistory-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Edexcel subsequently received investment from their new parent company. </p><p>Edexcel also offers IAL, known as International Advanced Levels. It is offered only to schools outside the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is considered by the UK NARIC (the National Recognition Information Centre for the United Kingdom) to be of a comparable standard as the <a href="/wiki/A-level" title="A-level">GCE Advanced Level</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, Edexcel provides the Edexcel International Diploma (ID) which involves the study of 4 A-Levels (3 full A-Levels and 1 AS-Level in either General Studies or Global Development).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The British curriculum offered by the Edexcel International board is among the most taught at <a href="/wiki/International_School" class="mw-redirect" title="International School">International Schools</a> along with the curricula offered by Cambridge International Examinations and, the <a href="/wiki/International_Baccalaureate_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="International Baccalaureate Organization">International Baccalaureate Organization</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 3 April 2013, Pearson rebranded Edexcel and all of its exams 'Pearson Edexcel', in line with a name change that added the prefix 'Pearson' to all of its brands.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Incorporated_examination_boards">Incorporated examination boards</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Incorporated examination boards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Business Education Council (BEC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_and_Technology_Education_Council" title="Business and Technology Education Council">Business and Technology Education Council</a> (BTEC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Anglia" title="East Anglia">East Anglian</a> Examinations Board (EAEB) – partial</li> <li>Joint Committee for Business Studies and Public Administration (JCBSPA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> East Anglia Group (LEAG)</li> <li>London Regional Examining Board (LREB) – created in 1979 <ul><li>Metropolitan and <a href="/wiki/Middlesex" title="Middlesex">Middlesex</a> Regional Examining Boards (M&MREB) – created in 1979 <ul><li>Metropolitan Regional Examination Board (MREB)</li> <li>Middlesex Regional Examination Board (MREB)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Technician Education Council (TEC)</li> <li>University Entrance and Schools Examinations Council (UESEC)</li> <li>University of London Examinations and Assessment Council (ULEAC)</li> <li>University of London Schools Examination Board (ULSEB)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As Edexcel is the only privately owned examination board in the UK, questions have been raised on whether the examination board is acting in the best interest of students, or solely as a profit making business, due to the wide range of Edexcel-endorsed text books published by Pearson, the international multi-billion company which owns the board.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2007">2007</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2007"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2007 it was reported that teachers using Edexcel Music examinations were allowing students to listen to confidential listening paper CDs several days before the examination, by abusing the trust given by the exam board to only check for technical issues. Other exam boards do not allow the practice of checking discs, with AQA specifically instructing teachers not to open the packages containing the CDs before exams.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2013">2013</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2013"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2013, the loss of an A-Level C3 Mathematics exam being delivered to an international school in Amsterdam led to a replacement paper being published for the Summer examination series. However, 60 students took the original paper due to it mistakenly being handed out in two UK and two overseas centres, while the replacement paper was taken by 34,000 students. The replacement paper was criticised for its unusually high difficulty level, and there were concerns that the students taking the original paper would be unfairly marked.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2015">2015</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2015"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Difficulty">Difficulty</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Difficulty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In June 2015, students across the United Kingdom who had taken an Edexcel GCSE Maths paper expressed anger and confusion over questions that "did not make sense" and were "ridiculous", mocking the exam on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On a <a href="/wiki/Sky_News" title="Sky News">Sky News</a> segment, presenter <a href="/wiki/Adam_Boulton" title="Adam Boulton">Adam Boulton</a> answered one of the paper's 'hardest' questions with a former maths teacher.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, GCSE students across the UK signed a <a href="/wiki/Petition" title="Petition">petition</a> made by a candidate requesting that the exam board lowers the grade boundaries as the examination was too hard. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gender_representation">Gender representation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Gender representation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An additional petition was started by a 17-year-old student requesting to "Ensure the representation of women on the A-Level Music syllabus." The petition asks that music composed by women be added to the Edexcel A-Level Music syllabus which "has a total of 63 different set works from a variety of musical genres and eras." After six days, the petition had over 1,800 signatures and was featured in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2019">2019</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 2019"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Question_duplication">Question duplication</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Question duplication"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In June, Paper 3 of the Mathematics GCSE (Higher Tier, 1MA1/03) appeared to contain an exam question which was published in an <a href="/wiki/AQA" title="AQA">AQA</a> (another British exam board) <a href="/wiki/Further_Mathematics" title="Further Mathematics">Further Mathematics</a> <a href="/wiki/Textbook" title="Textbook">textbook</a>. The exam question had the same <a href="/wiki/Diagram" title="Diagram">diagram</a>, values and answer as the question in the textbook. Pearson Edexcel said that they were investigating how this might have happened.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Exam_difficulty_concerns_from_students">Exam difficulty concerns from students</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Exam difficulty concerns from students"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After students sat the Paper 2 of the new specification Mathematics A-Level (9MA0), many students complained online expressing that the difficulty of the exam was too high and unlike anything seen in past papers. One online petition to lower grade boundaries was signed by thousands of users. Before results day, Pearson Edexcel released a video addressing students about the difficulty concerns and mentioned that independent experts did confirm that the exam was "fair and valid". They acknowledged the first two questions of the exam were more difficult than anticipated, and also claimed that they would make "small adjustments" to "improve the experience" of the exam for future students.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Leak">Leak</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Leak"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Further controversy ensued after the Paper 3 of the new specification Mathematics A-Level (9MA0/3H – sat 14 June), appeared to have been accessed by someone who, late in the night before the exam sitting, posted on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> that they would sell a copy of the exam paper for £70. Pearson Edexcel launched an investigation after becoming aware that some scribbled out images of the exam paper were circulated online prior the exam sitting, and found one centre (out of thirty-eight possible suspect centres in one geographic location), who were visited at a very short notice, to have committed a serious and "possibly criminally motivated" security breach of the A-Level maths paper. </p><p>Students expressed frustration about the incident; <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a> reported that students believed the incident could have the potential to affect their results.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pearson Edexcel stated that they have "well-established processes to ensure fair and accurate results" and that "grade boundaries will not be affected".<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 17 June Edexcel stated that the compromised questions could be removed from the overall assessment, as well as undertaking additional <a href="/wiki/Statistics" title="Statistics">statistical analysis</a> to identify irregular result patterns for particular centres or students.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>About 60,000 students were affected in this incident.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two men aged 29 and 32 were arrested on 24 June on suspicion of theft. The men were released under investigation while inquiries continued.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ahead of results day, it was revealed that 78 students who were suspected of being at an advantage from malpractice would have their results withheld. This is the largest number of candidates to be withheld results from a single malpractice incident.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No news report on the charge or conviction status after the arrest went to the press </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Extremely_low_A-level_mathematics_grade_boundaries">Extremely low A-level mathematics grade boundaries</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Extremely low A-level mathematics grade boundaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After a leak of the A-Level Grade Boundaries ahead of results day, it emerged that in order to pass the new specification Mathematics A-Level (9MA0), candidates needed to score 14% (43 marks out of 300) to pass.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Oxford,_Cambridge_and_RSA_Examinations" title="Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations">OCR</a> (another British exam board) also had similarly low grade boundaries. After these extremely low grade boundaries added flavour to many news headlines, <a href="/wiki/Ofqual" title="Ofqual">Ofqual</a> said that they were confident the grade boundaries this year were "sound", so shifted their focus onto the previous year's grade boundaries for the new Mathematics A-Level for the 2,000 students who sat it after studying it for one year. Ofqual said "We want to understand why the grade boundaries were so different between the two years.", and had called the significant shifts in boundaries "unusual".<sup id="cite_ref-:1_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>None of the exam boards decided to re-open the 2018 award, after being asked to look at them again by the regulator. This could potentially result in students who sat the new specification Mathematics A-Level (9MA0) in 2018 having their results changed.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-EdexcelHistory-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EdexcelHistory_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EdexcelHistory_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EdexcelHistory_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EdexcelHistory_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://qualifications.pearson.com/en/about-us/about-pearson/our-history.html">"Our history - Pearson qualifications"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+history+-+Pearson+qualifications&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fqualifications.pearson.com%2Fen%2Fabout-us%2Fabout-pearson%2Four-history.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEdexcel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qualifications.pearson.com/en/news-policy/press-releases/2013/change-of-awarding-organisation-name-from-edexcel-to-pearson.html">"Name change from Edexcel to Pearson | Pearson qualifications"</a>. <i>qualifications.pearson.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tes&rft.atitle=A-level+maths+grades+probe+about+%27justice%27%2C+say+heads&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tes.com%2Fnews%2Fa-levels-maths-grades-probe-about-justice-say-heads&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEdexcel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qualifications.pearson.com/en/about-us/qualification-brands/edexcel.html">Official website</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heinemann_(publisher)" title="Heinemann (publisher)">Heinemann</a> (outside US)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_Notes" title="York Notes">York Notes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pearson<br />Higher Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Addison-Wesley" title="Addison-Wesley">Addison-Wesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allyn_%26_Bacon" title="Allyn & Bacon">Allyn & Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Cummings" title="Benjamin Cummings">Benjamin Cummings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longman" title="Longman">Longman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearson_Education" title="Pearson Education">Pearson Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prentice_Hall" title="Prentice Hall">Prentice Hall</a> College</li> <li><a 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href="/wiki/Peachpit" title="Peachpit">Peachpit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearson_Assessment_%26_Information" class="mw-redirect" title="Pearson Assessment & Information">Pearson Assessment & Information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearson_VUE" class="mw-redirect" title="Pearson VUE">Pearson VUE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prentice_Hall" title="Prentice Hall">Prentice Hall</a> Professional</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sams_Publishing" title="Sams Publishing">Sams Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wharton_School_Press" title="Wharton School Press">Wharton School Press</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Business_%26_Technology_Education_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Business & Technology Education Council">BTEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connections_Academy" title="Connections Academy">Connections Academy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Edexcel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearson_College_London" title="Pearson College London">Pearson College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearson_Language_Tests" class="mw-redirect" title="Pearson Language Tests">Pearson Language Tests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_Mex_House" title="Shell Mex House">80 Strand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Moreno" title="Glen Moreno">Glen Moreno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weetman_Pearson,_1st_Viscount_Cowdray" title="Weetman Pearson, 1st Viscount Cowdray">Weetman Pearson, 1st Viscount Cowdray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Scardino" title="Marjorie Scardino">Marjorie Scardino</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former/defunct companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_American_Television" title="All American Television">All American Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearson_Television" class="mw-redirect" title="Pearson Television">Pearson Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penguin_Random_House" title="Penguin Random House">Penguin Random House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTL_Group" title="RTL Group">RTL Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fremantle_(company)" title="Fremantle (company)">Fremantle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotti_Brothers_Records" title="Scotti Brothers Records">Scotti Brothers Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Economist_Group" title="The Economist Group">The Economist Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Software_Toolworks" title="The Software Toolworks">The Software Toolworks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Pearson_plc" title="Category:Pearson plc">Category</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="British_examination_boards_and_assessment_providers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Examination_boards_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template:Examination boards in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Examination_boards_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template talk:Examination boards in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Examination_boards_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Examination boards in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="British_examination_boards_and_assessment_providers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">British examination boards and assessment providers</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Secondary and higher</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">England, Wales and Northern Ireland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assessment_and_Qualifications_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Assessment and Qualifications Alliance">AQA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_for_the_Curriculum,_Examinations_%26_Assessment" title="Council for the Curriculum, Examinations & Assessment">CCEA</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Edexcel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford,_Cambridge_and_RSA_Examinations" title="Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations">OCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WJEC_(exam_board)" title="WJEC (exam board)">WJEC</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eduqas" class="mw-redirect" title="Eduqas">Eduqas</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Scotland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Qualifications_Authority" title="Scottish Qualifications Authority">SQA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Foundation_for_Educational_Research" title="National Foundation for Educational Research">NFER</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable historic boards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Associated_Examining_Board" title="Associated Examining Board">AEB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Matriculation_Board" title="Joint Matriculation Board">JMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midland_Examining_Group" title="Midland Examining Group">MEG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Examining_Association" title="Northern Examining Association">NEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NEAB" title="NEAB">NEAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Examination_Board" title="Scottish Examination Board">SEB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Examining_Group" title="Southern Examining Group">SEG</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Examination_boards_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Examination boards in the United Kingdom">Examination board</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&oldid=1247007780">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edexcel&oldid=1247007780</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_companies_established_in_1996" title="Category:British companies established in 1996">British companies established in 1996</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Education_companies_established_in_1996" title="Category:Education companies established in 1996">Education companies established in 1996</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Qualification_awarding_bodies_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Qualification awarding bodies in the United Kingdom">Qualification awarding bodies in the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Examination_boards_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Examination boards in the United Kingdom">Examination boards in the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Education_companies_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Education companies of the United Kingdom">Education companies of the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pearson_plc" title="Category:Pearson plc">Pearson plc</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2005_mergers_and_acquisitions" title="Category:2005 mergers and acquisitions">2005 mergers and acquisitions</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_generic_name" title="Category:CS1 errors: generic name">CS1 errors: generic name</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2020" title="Category:Use dmy dates from April 2020">Use dmy dates from April 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_British_English_from_February_2016" title="Category:Use British English from February 2016">Use British English from February 2016</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div 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