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foods</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Fiji foods"> <meta name="keywords" content="Fiji foods"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Fiji foods"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 585</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Fiji foods</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">585</span> Bioavailability of Iron in Some Selected Fiji Foods using In vitro Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poonam%20Singh">Poonam Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surendra%20Prasad"> Surendra Prasad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=William%20Aalbersberg"> William Aalbersberg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Iron the most essential trace element in human nutrition. Its deficiency has serious health consequences and is a major public health threat worldwide. The common deficiencies in Fiji population reported are of Fe, Ca and Zn. It has also been reported that 40% of women in Fiji are iron deficient. Therefore, we have been studying the bioavailability of iron in commonly consumed Fiji foods. To study the bioavailability it is essential to assess the iron contents in raw foods. This paper reports the iron contents and its bioavailability in commonly consumed foods by multicultural population of Fiji. The food samples (rice, breads, wheat flour and breakfast cereals) were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer for total iron and its bioavailability. The white rice had the lowest total iron 0.10±0.03 mg/100g but had high bioavailability of 160.60±0.03%. The brown rice had 0.20±0.03 mg/100g total iron content but 85.00±0.03% bioavailable. The white and brown breads showed the highest iron bioavailability as 428.30±0.11 and 269.35 ±0.02%, respectively. The Weetabix and the rolled oats had the iron contents 2.89±0.27 and 1.24.±0.03 mg/100g with bioavailability of 14.19±0.04 and 12.10±0.03%, respectively. The most commonly consumed normal wheat flour had 0.65±0.00 mg/100g iron while the whole meal and the Roti flours had 2.35±0.20 and 0.62±0.17 mg/100g iron showing bioavailability of 55.38±0.05, 16.67±0.08 and 12.90±0.00%, respectively. The low bioavailability of iron in certain foods may be due to the presence of phytates/oxalates, processing/storage conditions, cooking method or interaction with other minerals present in the food samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron" title="iron">iron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioavailability" title=" bioavailability"> bioavailability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fiji%20foods" title=" Fiji foods"> Fiji foods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro%20technique" title=" in vitro technique"> in vitro technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20nutrition" title=" human nutrition"> human nutrition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27271/bioavailability-of-iron-in-some-selected-fiji-foods-using-in-vitro-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27271.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">529</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">584</span> Toxic Chemicals from Industries into Pacific Biota. Investigation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), Dioxins (PCDD), Furans (PCDF) and Polybrominated Diphenyls (PBDE No. 47) in Tuna and Shellfish in Kiribati, Solomon Islands and the Fiji Islands</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waisea%20Votadroka">Waisea Votadroka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bert%20Van%20Bavel"> Bert Van Bavel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The most commonly consumed shellfish species produced in the Pacific, shellfish and tuna fish, were investigated for the occurrence of a range of brominated and chlorinated contaminants in order to establish current levels. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were analysed in the muscle of tuna species Katsuwonis pelamis, yellow fin tuna, and shellfish species from the Fiji Islands. The investigation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), furans (PCDFs) and polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDE No.47) in tuna and shellfish in Kiribati, Solomon Islands and Fiji is necessary due to the lack of research data in the Pacific region. The health risks involved in the consumption of marine foods laced with toxic organo-chlorinated and brominated compounds makes in the analyses of these compounds in marine foods important particularly when Pacific communities rely on these resources as their main diet. The samples were homogenized in a motor with anhydrous sodium sulphate in the ratio of 1:3 (muscle) and 1:4-1:5 (roe and butter). The tuna and shellfish samples were homogenized and freeze dried at the sampling location at the Institute of Applied Science, Fiji. All samples were stored in amber glss jars at -18 ° C until extraction at Orebro University. PCDD/Fs, PCBs and pesticides were all analysed using an Autospec Ultina HRGC/HRMS operating at 10,000 resolutions with EI ionization at 35 eV. All the measurements were performed in the selective ion recording mode (SIR), monitoring the two most abundant ions of the molecular cluster (PCDD/Fs and PCBs). Results indicated that the Fiji Composite sample for Batissa violacea range 0.7-238.6 pg/g lipid; Fiji sample composite Anadara antiquate range 1.6 – 808.6 pg/g lipid; Solomon Islands Katsuwonis Pelamis 7.5-3770.7 pg/g lipid; Solomon Islands Yellow Fin tuna 2.1 -778.4 pg/g lipid; Kiribati Katsuwonis Pelamis 4.8-1410 pg/g lipids. The study has demonstrated that these species are good bio-indicators of the presence of these toxic organic pollutants in edible marine foods. Our results suggest that for pesticides levels, p,p-DDE is the most dominant for all the groups and seems to be highest at 565.48 pg/g lipid in composite Batissa violacea from Fiji. For PBDE no.47 in comparing all samples, the composite Batissa violacea from Fiji had the highest level of 118.20 pg/g lipid. Based upon this study, the contamination levels found in the study species were quite lower compared with levels reported in impacted ecosystems around the world <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polychlorinated%20biphenyl" title="polychlorinated biphenyl">polychlorinated biphenyl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polybrominated%20diphenylethers" title=" polybrominated diphenylethers"> polybrominated diphenylethers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pesticides" title=" pesticides"> pesticides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organoclorinated%20pesticides" title=" organoclorinated pesticides"> organoclorinated pesticides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PBDEs" title=" PBDEs"> PBDEs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37832/toxic-chemicals-from-industries-into-pacific-biota-investigation-of-polychlorinated-biphenyls-pcbs-dioxins-pcdd-furans-pcdf-and-polybrominated-diphenyls-pbde-no-47-in-tuna-and-shellfish-in-kiribati-solomon-islands-and-the-fiji-islands" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37832.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">583</span> Optimizing Agricultural Packaging in Fiji: Strategic Barrier Analysis Using Interpretive Structural Modeling and Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Ananthanarayanan">R. Ananthanarayanan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20B.%20Nakula"> S. B. Nakula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20R.%20Seenivasagam"> D. R. Seenivasagam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Naua"> J. Naua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Sharma"> B. Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Product packaging is a critical component of production, trade, and marketing, playing numerous vital roles that often go unnoticed by consumers. Packaging is essential for maintaining the shelf life, quality assurance, and safety of both manufactured and agricultural products. For example, harvested produce or processed foods can quickly lose quality and freshness, making secure packaging crucial for preservation and safety throughout the food supply chain. In Fiji, agricultural packaging has primarily been managed by local companies for international trade, with gradual advancements in these practices. To further enhance the industry’s performance, this study examines the challenges and constraints hindering the optimization of agricultural packaging practices in Fiji. The study utilizes Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) tools, specifically Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification (MICMAC). ISM analyzes the hierarchical structure of barriers, categorizing them from the least to the most influential, while MICMAC classifies barriers based on their driving and dependence power. This approach helps identify the interrelationships between barriers, providing valuable insights for policymakers and decision-makers to propose innovative solutions for sustainable development in the agricultural packaging sector, ultimately shaping the future of packaging practices in Fiji. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20packaging" title="agricultural packaging">agricultural packaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barriers" title=" barriers"> barriers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ISM" title=" ISM"> ISM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MICMAC" title=" MICMAC"> MICMAC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190892/optimizing-agricultural-packaging-in-fiji-strategic-barrier-analysis-using-interpretive-structural-modeling-and-cross-impact-matrix-multiplication-applied-to-classification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190892.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">28</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">582</span> Sustainable Manufacturing of Solenoid Valve Housing in Fiji: Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) and Emergy Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hisham">M. Hisham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Cabemaiwai"> S. Cabemaiwai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Prasad"> S. Prasad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Dauvakatini"> T. Dauvakatini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Ananthanarayanan"> R. Ananthanarayanan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A solenoid valve is an important part of many fluid systems. Its purpose is to regulate fluid flow in a machine. Due to the crucial role of the solenoid valve and its design intricacy, it is quite expensive to obtain in Fiji and is not manufactured locally. A concern raised by the local health industry is that the housing of the solenoid valve gets damaged when machines are continuously being used and this part of the valve is very costly to replace due to the lack of availability in Fiji and many other South Pacific region countries. This study explores the agile manufacturing of a solenoid coil housing using the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) process. An emergy study was carried out to analyze the feasibility and sustainability of producing the part locally after estimating a Unit Emergy Value (or emergy transformity) of 1.27E+05 sej/j for the electricity in Fiji. The total emergy of the process was calculated to be 3.05E+12 sej, of which a majority was sourced from imported services and materials. Renewable emergy sources contributed to just 16.04% of the total emergy. Therefore, the part is suitable to be manufactured in Fiji with a reasonable quality and a cost of $FJ 2.85. However, the loading on the local environment is found to be significant and therefore, alternative raw materials for the filament like recycled PET should be explored or alternative manufacturing processes may be analyzed before committing to fabricating the part using FDM in its analyzed state. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergy%20analysis" title="emergy analysis">emergy analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fused%20deposition%20modeling" title=" fused deposition modeling"> fused deposition modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solenoid%20valve%20housing" title=" solenoid valve housing"> solenoid valve housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20production" title=" sustainable production"> sustainable production</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190891/sustainable-manufacturing-of-solenoid-valve-housing-in-fiji-fused-deposition-modeling-fdm-and-emergy-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190891.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">30</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">581</span> Wind Resource Estimation and Economic Analysis for Rakiraki, Fiji</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaushal%20Kishore">Kaushal Kishore</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Immense amount of imported fuels are used in Fiji for electricity generation, transportation and for carrying out miscellaneous household work. To alleviate its dependency on fossil fuel, paramount importance has been given to instigate the utilization of renewable energy sources for power generation and to reduce the environmental dilapidation. Amongst the many renewable energy sources, wind has been considered as one of the best identified renewable sources that are comprehensively available in Fiji. In this study the wind resource assessment for three locations in Rakiraki, Fiji has been carried out. The wind resource estimation at Rokavukavu, Navolau and at Tuvavatu has been analyzed. The average wind speed at 55 m above ground level (a.g.l) at Rokavukavu, Navolau, and Tuvavatu sites are 5.91 m/s, 8.94 m/s and 8.13 m/s with the turbulence intensity of 14.9%, 17.1%, and 11.7% respectively. The moment fitting method has been used to estimate the Weibull parameter and the power density at each sites. A high resolution wind resource map for the three locations has been developed by using Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program (WAsP). The results obtained from WAsP exhibited good wind potential at Navolau and Tuvavatu sites. A wind farm has been proposed at Navolau and Tuvavatu site that comprises six Vergnet 275 kW wind turbines at each site. The annual energy production (AEP) for each wind farm is estimated and an economic analysis is performed. The economic analysis for the proposed wind farms at Navolau and Tuvavatu sites showed a payback period of 5 and 6 years respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annual%20energy%20production" title="annual energy production">annual energy production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rakiraki%20Fiji" title=" Rakiraki Fiji"> Rakiraki Fiji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulence%20intensity" title=" turbulence intensity"> turbulence intensity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weibull%20parameter" title=" Weibull parameter"> Weibull parameter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20speed" title=" wind speed"> wind speed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wind%20Atlas%20Analysis%20and%20Application%20Program" title=" Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program"> Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104322/wind-resource-estimation-and-economic-analysis-for-rakiraki-fiji" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104322.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">580</span> Fijian Women’s Role in Disaster Risk Management: Climate Change</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priyatma%20Singh">Priyatma Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manpreet%20Kaur"> Manpreet Kaur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate change is progressively being identified as a global crisis and this has immediate repercussions for Fiji Islands due to its geographical location being prone to natural disasters. In the Pacific, it is common to find significant differences between men and women, in terms of their roles and responsibilities. In the pursuit of prudent preparedness before disasters, Fijian women’s engagement is constrained due to socially constructed roles and expectation of women here in Fiji. This vulnerability is aggravated by viewing women as victims, rather than as key people who have vital information of their society, economy, and environment, as well as useful skills, which, when recognized and used, can be effective in disaster risk reduction. The focus of this study on disaster management is to outline ways in which Fijian women can be actively engaged in disaster risk management, articulating in decision-making, negating the perceived ideology of women’s constricted roles in Fiji and unveiling social constraints that limit women’s access to practical disaster management strategic plan. This paper outlines the importance of gender mainstreaming in disaster risk reduction and the ways of mainstreaming gender based on a literature review. It analyses theoretical study of academic literature as well as papers and reports produced by various national and international institutions and explores ways to better inform and engage women for climate change per ser disaster management in Fiji. The empowerment of women is believed to be a critical element in constructing disaster resilience as women are often considered to be the designers of community resilience at the local level. Gender mainstreaming as a way of bringing a gender perspective into climate related disasters can be applied to distinguish the varying needs and capacities of women, and integrate them into climate change adaptation strategies. This study will advocate women articulation in disaster risk management, thus giving equal standing to females in Fiji and also identify the gaps and inform national and local Disaster Risk Management authorities to implement processes that enhance gender equality and women’s empowerment towards a more equitable and effective disaster practice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster%20risk%20management" title="disaster risk management">disaster risk management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20mainstreaming" title=" gender mainstreaming"> gender mainstreaming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%20empowerment" title=" women empowerment"> women empowerment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41345/fijian-womens-role-in-disaster-risk-management-climate-change" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41345.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">579</span> Thriving Private-Community Partnerships in Ecotourism: Perspectives from Fiji’s Upper Navua Conservation Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeremy%20Schultz">Jeremy Schultz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kelly%20Bricker"> Kelly Bricker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ecotourism has proven itself to be a forerunner in the advancement of environmental conservation all the while supporting cultural tradition, uniqueness, and pride among indigenous communities. Successful private-community partnerships associated with ecotourism operations are vital to the overall prosperity of both the businesses and the local communities. Such accomplishments can be seen through numerous livelihood goals including income, food security, health, reduced vulnerability, governance, and empowerment. Private-community partnerships also support global initiatives such as the sustainable development goals and sustainable development frameworks including those proposed by the United Nations World Tourism Organization (WTO). Understanding such partnerships assists not only large organizations such as the WTO, but it also benefits smaller ecotourism operators and entrepreneurs who are trying to achieve their sustainable tourism development goals. This study examined the partnership between an ecotourism company (Rivers Fiji) and two rural villages located in Fiji’s Upper Navua Conservation Area. Focus groups were conducted in each village. Observation journals were also used to record conversations outside of the focus groups. Data were thematically organized and analyzed to offer researcher interpretations and understandings. This research supported the notion that respectful and emboldening partnerships between communities and private enterprise are vital to the composition of successful ecotourism operations that support sustainable development protocol. Understanding these partnerships can assist in shaping future ecotourism development and re-molding existing businesses. This study has offered an example of a thriving partnership through community input and critical researcher analysis. Research has identified six contributing factors to successful ecotourism partnerships, and this study provides additional support to that framework. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20partnerships" title="community partnerships">community partnerships</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation%20areas" title=" conservation areas"> conservation areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotourism" title=" ecotourism"> ecotourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fiji" title=" Fiji"> Fiji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107902/thriving-private-community-partnerships-in-ecotourism-perspectives-from-fijis-upper-navua-conservation-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107902.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">578</span> Functional Foods and Their Health Benefits with an Emphasis on Probiotics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanu%20Malik">Tanu Malik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eusebe%20Gnonlonfoun"> Eusebe Gnonlonfoun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eudes%20L.%20Anihouvi"> Eudes L. Anihouvi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rise of nutrition-related diseases, increase of health care cost, and the social perception that food could directly affect health have naturally created an environment conducive to the development of foods and beverages with an asserted health benefit. Consumer habits have turned considerably healthier in recent years and led to the demand for fortified and enhanced foods that could adequately provide health benefits beyond necessary nutrients for humans when they are consumed as part of the diet and regularly. These trends have developed a global market for functional foods, that grows annually and undoubtedly requires to be diversified. Product development appears thus as a key research priority for both the food industry and science sectors. The health beneﬁts of these functional foods are summarized in two possible ways: either indirectly as a desired result of biogenic effect or through the direct interaction of ingested live microorganisms with the host (probiotic effect). This paper reviews functional foods and their beneficial health effects with a key focus on probiotics for the possible expansion of their use by the food industry in order to develop non-dairy based probiotics foods. Likewise, it reveals the need for more researches oriented towards an accurate understanding of the possible interaction between probiotic strains and the matrix and, on the other hand, the interaction between probiotic strains and some enzymes used during food manufacturing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20foods" title="functional foods">functional foods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20industry" title=" food industry"> food industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20benefits" title=" health benefits"> health benefits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probiotics" title=" probiotics"> probiotics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123940/functional-foods-and-their-health-benefits-with-an-emphasis-on-probiotics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123940.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">577</span> Natural Preservatives: An Alternative for Chemical Preservative Used in Foods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zerrin%20Erginkaya">Zerrin Erginkaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%B6zde%20Konuray"> Gözde Konuray</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microbial degradation of foods is defined as a decrease of food safety due to microorganism activity. Organic acids, sulfur dioxide, sulfide, nitrate, nitrite, dimethyl dicarbonate and several preservative gases have been used as chemical preservatives in foods as well as natural preservatives which are indigenous in foods. It is determined that usage of herbal preservatives such as blueberry, dried grape, prune, garlic, mustard, spices inhibited several microorganisms. Moreover, it is determined that animal origin preservatives such as whey, honey, lysosomes of duck egg and chicken egg, chitosan have antimicrobial effect. Other than indigenous antimicrobials in foods, antimicrobial agents produced by microorganisms could be used as natural preservatives. The antimicrobial feature of preservatives depends on the antimicrobial spectrum, chemical and physical features of material, concentration, mode of action, components of food, process conditions, and pH and storage temperature. In this review, studies about antimicrobial components which are indigenous in food (such as herbal and animal origin antimicrobial agents), antimicrobial materials synthesized by microorganisms, and their usage as an antimicrobial agent to preserve foods are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20origin%20preservatives" title="animal origin preservatives">animal origin preservatives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial" title=" antimicrobial"> antimicrobial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20preservatives" title=" chemical preservatives"> chemical preservatives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=herbal%20preservatives" title=" herbal preservatives"> herbal preservatives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61833/natural-preservatives-an-alternative-for-chemical-preservative-used-in-foods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">576</span> Spatial Mapping and Change Detection of a Coastal Woodland Mangrove Habitat in Fiji</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashneel%20Ajay%20Singh">Ashneel Ajay Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anish%20Maharaj"> Anish Maharaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Havish%20Naidu"> Havish Naidu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michelle%20Kumar"> Michelle Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mangrove patches are the foundation species located in the estuarine land areas. These patches provide a nursery, food source and protection for numerous aquatic, intertidal and well as land-based organisms. Mangroves also help in coastal protection, maintain water clarity and are one of the biggest sinks for blue carbon sequestration. In the Pacific Island countries, numerous coastal communities have a heavy socioeconomic dependence on coastal resources and mangroves play a key ecological and economical role in structuring the availability of these resources. Fiji has a large mangrove patch located in the Votua area of the Ba province. Globally, mangrove population continues to decline with the changes in climatic conditions and anthropogenic activities. Baseline information through wetland maps and time series change are essential references for development of effective mangrove management plans. These maps reveal the status of the resource and the effects arising from anthropogenic activities and climate change. In this study, we used remote sensing and GIS tools for mapping and temporal change detection over a period of >20 years in Votua, Fiji using Landsat imagery. Landsat program started in 1972 initially as Earth Resources Technology Satellite. Since then it has acquired millions of images of Earth. This archive allows mapping of temporal changes in mangrove forests. Mangrove plants consisted of the species Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora samoensis, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Lumnitzera littorea, Heritiera littoralis, Excoecaria agallocha and Xylocarpus granatum. Change detection analysis revealed significant reduction in the mangrove patch over the years. This information serves as a baseline for the development and implementation of effective management plans for one of Fiji’s biggest mangrove patches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Landsat" title=" Landsat"> Landsat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mangrove" title=" mangrove"> mangrove</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temporal%20change" title=" temporal change "> temporal change </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85920/spatial-mapping-and-change-detection-of-a-coastal-woodland-mangrove-habitat-in-fiji" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">575</span> Professional Development of Pre-Service Teachers: The Case of Practicum Experience</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Lingam">G. Lingam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Lingam"> N. Lingam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Raghuwaiya"> K. Raghuwaiya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The reported study focuses on pre-service teachers’ professional development during the teaching practice. The cohort studied comprised participants in their final year in the Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science with Graduate Certificate in Education programmes of a university in Fiji. Analysis of the data obtained using a survey questionnaire indicates that overall, the pre-service teachers were satisfied with the practicum experience. This is assumed to demonstrate that the practicum experience contributed well towards their professional preparation for work expected of them in Fiji secondary schools. Participants also identified some concerns as needing attention. To conclude, the paper provides suggestions for improving the preparation of teachers by strengthening the identified areas of the practicum offered by the university. The study has implications for other teacher education providers in small developing island states and even beyond for the purpose of enhancing learning in student teachers’ for future work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-service" title="pre-service">pre-service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20education" title=" teacher education"> teacher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practicum" title=" practicum"> practicum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teachers%E2%80%99%20world%20of%20work" title=" teachers’ world of work"> teachers’ world of work</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student%20teachers" title=" student teachers"> student teachers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13270/professional-development-of-pre-service-teachers-the-case-of-practicum-experience" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13270.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">574</span> Understanding Traditional Healing Practices and the Categories of Practices from Fijian iTaukei’s Perspectives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dan%20Frederick%20Orcherton">Dan Frederick Orcherton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Orcherton"> Maria Orcherton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthew%20Kensen"> Matthew Kensen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study takes an in-depth look at how traditional healing practices (THPs) are perceived by the iTaukei people living in villages and periurban areas in Fiji Islands. The research used both qualitative and quantitative knowledge/data gathered from six villages in Viti Levu, Fiji Islands, to determine, first, the perception(s) of THPs among the iTaukei; second, what THPs successfully survive and are still important to the iTaukei way of life; and third, what factors influence the iTaukei’s health-seeking behavior or choices between Western and traditional medical systems in their villages. Results confirm that the knowledge healers used to hold to cure common illnesses is now more dispersed and shared with community members; healers/elders’ roles in iTaukei villages are important for cultural–spiritual–social causes of illnesses, and for more complex cases, there are specialized iTaukei healers. Recommendations in the form of categories of practices are offered for practitioners to work more effectively and affectively with the iTaukei. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iTaukei%20peoples" title="iTaukei peoples">iTaukei peoples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20healing%20practices" title=" traditional healing practices"> traditional healing practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20healers" title=" traditional healers"> traditional healers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=categories%20of%20practice" title=" categories of practice"> categories of practice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189149/understanding-traditional-healing-practices-and-the-categories-of-practices-from-fijian-itaukeis-perspectives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189149.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">19</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">573</span> In-situ and Laboratory Characterization of Fiji Lateritic Soils</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faijal%20Ali">Faijal Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Darga%20Kumar%20N."> Darga Kumar N.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravikant%20Singh"> Ravikant Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajnil%20Lal"> Rajnil Lal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fiji has three major landforms such as plains, low mountains, and hills. The low land soils are formed on beach sand. Fiji soils contain high concentration of iron (III), aluminum oxides and hydroxides. The soil possesses reddish or yellowish colour. The characterization of lateritic soils collected from different locations along the national highway in Viti Levu, Fiji Islands. The research has been carried out mainly to understand the physical and strength properties to assess their suitability for the highway and building construction. In this paper, the field tests such as dynamic cone penetrometer test, field vane shear, field density and laboratory tests such as unconfined compression stress, compaction, grain size analysis and Atterberg limits are conducted. The test results are analyzed and presented. From the results, it is revealed that the soils are having more percentage of silt and clay which is more than 80% and 5 to 15% of fine to medium sand is noticed. The dynamic cone penetrometer results up to 3m depth had similar penetration resistance. For the first 1m depth, the rate of penetration is found 300mm per 3 to 4 blows. In all the sites it is further noticed that the rate of penetration at depths beyond 1.5 m is decreasing for the same number of blows as compared to the top soil. From the penetration resistance measured through dynamic cone penetrometer test, the California bearing ratio and allowable bearing capacities are 4 to 5% and 50 to 100 kPa for the top 1m layer and below 1m these values are increasing. The California bearing ratio of these soils for below 1m depth is in the order of 10% to 20%. The safe bearing capacity of these soils below 1m and up to 3m depth is varying from 150 kPa to 250 kPa. The field vane shear was measured within a depth of 1m from the surface and the values were almost similar varying from 60 kPa to 120 kPa. The liquid limit and plastic limits of these soils are in the range of 40 to 60% and 20 to 25%. Overall it is found that the top 1m soil along the national highway in majority places possess a soft to medium stiff behavior with low to medium bearing capacity as well low California bearing ratio values. It is recommended to ascertain these soils behavior in terms of geotechnical parameters before taking up any construction activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=California%20bearing%20ratio" title="California bearing ratio">California bearing ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20cone%20penetrometer%20test" title=" dynamic cone penetrometer test"> dynamic cone penetrometer test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=field%20vane%20shear" title=" field vane shear"> field vane shear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unconfined%20compression%20stress." title=" unconfined compression stress. "> unconfined compression stress. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79086/in-situ-and-laboratory-characterization-of-fiji-lateritic-soils" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79086.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">572</span> The Consumption of Sodium and Fat from Processed Foods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pil%20Kyoo%20Jo">Pil Kyoo Jo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jee%20Young%20Kim"> Jee Young Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu%20Jin%20Oh"> Yu Jin Oh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sohyun%20Park"> Sohyun Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Ha%20Joo"> Young Ha Joo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hye%20Suk%20Kim"> Hye Suk Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Semi%20Kang"> Semi Kang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When convenience drives daily food choices, the increased consumption of processed foods may be associated with the increased intakes of sodium and fat and further with the onset of chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the levels of sodium, saturated fat, and calories intakes through processed foods and the dietary patterns among adult populations in South Korea. We used the nationally representative data from the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2010-2012) and a cross-sectional survey on the eating behaviors among university students(N=893, 380 men, 513 women) aged from 20 to 24 years. Results showed that South Koreans consumed 43.5% of their total food consumption from processed foods. The 24-hour recalls data showed that 77% of sodium, 60% of fats, 59% of saturated fat, and 44% of calories were consumed from processed food. The intake of processed foods increased by 1.7% in average since 2008 annually. Only 33% of processed food that respondents consumed had nutrition labeling. The data from university students showed that students selected processed foods in convenience store when eating alone compared to eating with someone else. Given the convenience and lack of time, more people will consume processed foods and it may impact their overall dietary intake and further their health. In order to help people to make healthier food choices, regulations and policies to reduce the potentially unhealthy nutrients of processed foods should be strengthened. This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea for 2011 Korea-Japan Basic Scientific Cooperation Program. This work was supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2015S1A5B6037369). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium" title="sodium">sodium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fat" title=" fat"> fat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=processed%20foods" title=" processed foods"> processed foods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diet%20trends" title=" diet trends"> diet trends</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46335/the-consumption-of-sodium-and-fat-from-processed-foods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46335.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">571</span> Food Effects and Food Choices: Aligning the Two for Better Health</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Monro">John Monro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suman%20Mishra"> Suman Mishra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Choosing foods for health benefits requires information that accurately represents the relative effectiveness of foods with respect to specific health end points, or with respect to responses leading to health outcomes. At present consumers must rely on nutrient composition data, and on health claims to guide them to healthy food choices. Nutrient information may be of limited usefulness because it does not reflect the effect of food structure and food component interactions – that is, whole food effects. Health claims demand stringent criteria that exclude most foods, even though most foods have properties through which they may contribute to positive health outcomes in a diet. In this presentation, we show how the functional efficacy of foods may be expressed in the same format as nutrients, with weight units, as virtual food components that allow a nutrition information panel to show not only what a food is, but also what it does. In the presentation, two body responses linked to well-being are considered – glycaemic response and colonic bulk – in order to illustrate the concept. We show how the nutrient information on available carbohydrates and dietary fibre values obtained by food analysis methods fail to provide information of the glycaemic potency or the colonic bulking potential of foods, because of failings in the methods and approach taken to food analysis. It is concluded that a category of food values that represent the functional efficacy of foods is required to accurately guide food choices for health. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dietary%20fibre" title="dietary fibre">dietary fibre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glycaemic%20response" title=" glycaemic response"> glycaemic response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20values" title=" food values"> food values</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20effects" title=" food effects"> food effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health" title=" health"> health</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30812/food-effects-and-food-choices-aligning-the-two-for-better-health" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30812.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">570</span> Supermarket Shoppers Perceptions to Genetically Modified Foods in Trinidad and Tobago: Focus on Health Risks and Benefits</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safia%20Hasan%20Varachhia">Safia Hasan Varachhia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neela%20Badrie"> Neela Badrie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marsha%20Singh"> Marsha Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Genetic modification of food is an innovative technology that offers a host of benefits and advantages to consumers. Consumer attitudes towards GM food and GM technologies can be identified a major determinant in conditioning market force and encouraging policy makers and regulators to recognize the significance of consumer influence on the market. This study aimed to investigate and evaluate the extent of consumer awareness, knowledge, perception and acceptance of GM foods and its associated health risks and benefit in Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies. The specific objectives of this study were to (determine consumer awareness to GM foods, ascertain their perspectives on health and safety risks and ethical issues associated with GM foods and determine whether labeling of GM foods and ingredients will influence consumers’ willingness to purchase GM foods. A survey comprising of a questionnaire consisting of 40 questions, both open-ended and close-ended was administered to 240 shoppers in small, medium and large-scale supermarkets throughout Trinidad between April-May, 2015 using convenience sampling. This survey investigated consumer awareness, knowledge, perception and acceptance of GM foods and its associated health risks/benefits. The data was analyzed using SPSS 19.0 and Minitab 16.0. One-way ANOVA investigated the effects categories of supermarkets and knowledge scores on shoppers’ awareness, knowledge, perception and acceptance of GM foods. Linear Regression tested whether demographic variables (category of supermarket, age of consumer, level of were useful predictors of consumer’s knowledge of GM foods). More than half of respondents (64.3%) were aware of GM foods and GM technologies, 28.3% of consumers indicated the presence of GM foods in local supermarkets and 47.1% claimed to be knowledgeable of GM foods. Furthermore, significant associations (P < 0.05) were observed between demographic variables (age, income, and education), and consumer knowledge of GM foods. Also, significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed between demographic variables (education, gender, and income) and consumer knowledge of GM foods. In addition, age, education, gender and income (P < 0.05) were useful predictors of consumer knowledge of GM foods. There was a contradiction as whilst 35% of consumers considered GM foods safe for consumption, 70% of consumers were wary of the unknown health risks of GM foods. About two-thirds of respondents (67.5%) considered the creation of GM foods morally wrong and unethical. Regarding GM food labeling preferences, 88% of consumers preferred mandatory labeling of GM foods and 67% of consumers specified that any food product containing a trace of GM food ingredients required mandatory GM labeling. Also, despite the declaration of GM food ingredients on food labels and the reassurance of its safety for consumption by food safety and regulatory institutions, the majority of consumers (76.1%) still preferred conventionally produced foods over GM foods. The study revealed the need to inform shoppers of the presence of GM foods and technologies, present the scientific evidence as to the benefits and risks and the need for a policy on labeling so that informed choices could be taken. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetically%20modified%20foods" title="genetically modified foods">genetically modified foods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=income" title=" income"> income</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labeling%20consumer%20awareness" title=" labeling consumer awareness"> labeling consumer awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ingredients" title=" ingredients"> ingredients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morality%20and%20ethics" title=" morality and ethics"> morality and ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy" title=" policy"> policy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63555/supermarket-shoppers-perceptions-to-genetically-modified-foods-in-trinidad-and-tobago-focus-on-health-risks-and-benefits" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63555.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">329</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">569</span> Deficiencies in Vitamin A and Iron Supply Potential of Selected Indigenous Complementary Foods of Infants in Uganda</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Kajjura">Richard Kajjura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joyce%20Kikafunda"> Joyce Kikafunda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roger%20Whitehead"> Roger Whitehead</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Indigenous complementary recipes for children (6-23 months) are bulky and inextricably linked. The potential contribution of indigenous complementary foods to infant’s vitamin A and iron needs is not well investigated in Uganda. Less is known whether children in Uganda are living with or without adequate supply of vitamin A and iron nutrients. In this study, vitamin A and iron contents were assessed in the complementary foods fed to infants aged 6-11 months in a Peri-urban setting in Kampala District in Central Uganda. Objective: Assessment of vitamin A and iron contents of indigenous complementary foods of children as fed and associated demographic factor. Method: In a cross sectional study design, one hundred and three (153) households with children aged 6-11 months were randomly selected to participate in the assessment. Complementary food samples were collected from the children’s mothers/caretakers at the time of feeding the child. The mothers’ socio-demographic characteristics of age, education, marital status, occupation and sex collected a semi-qualitative questionnaire. The Vitamin A and iron contents in the complementary foods were analyzed using a UV/VIS spectrophotometer for vitamin A and Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer for iron samples. The data was analyzed using Gene-stat software program. Results: The mean vitamin A content was 97.0± 72.5 µg while that of iron was 1.5 ± 0.4 mg per 100g of food sample as fed. The contribution of indigenous complementary foods found was 32% for vitamin A and 15% iron of the recommended dietary allowance. Age of children was found to be significantly associated Vitamin A and Iron supply potential. Conclusion: The contribution of indigenous complementary foods to infant’s vitamin A and iron needs was low. Complementary foods in Uganda are more likely to be deficient in vitamin A and iron content. Nutrient dense dietary supplementation should be intervened in to make possible for Ugandan children attain full growth potential. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indigenous%20complementary%20food" title="indigenous complementary food">indigenous complementary food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infant" title=" infant"> infant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron" title=" iron"> iron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20A" title=" vitamin A "> vitamin A </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33482/deficiencies-in-vitamin-a-and-iron-supply-potential-of-selected-indigenous-complementary-foods-of-infants-in-uganda" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33482.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">478</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">568</span> Consumer Attitude and Purchase Intention towards Organic Food: Insights from Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muneshia%20Maheshwar">Muneshia Maheshwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kanwal%20Gul"> Kanwal Gul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shakira%20%20Fareed"> Shakira Fareed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ume-Amama%20Areeb%20Gul"> Ume-Amama Areeb Gul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organic food is commonly known for its healthier content without the use of pesticides, herbicides, inorganic fertilizers, antibiotics and growth hormones. The aim of this research is to examine the effect of health consciousness, environmental concern and organic food knowledge on both the intention to buy organic foods and the attitude towards organic foods and the effect of attitude towards organic foods on the intention to buy organic foods in Pakistan. Primary data was used which was collected through adopted questionnaire from previous research. Non- probability convenience sampling was used to select sample size of 200 consumers based on Karachi. The data was analyzed through Descriptive statistics and Multi regression method. The findings of the study showed that the attitude and the intention to buy organic food were affected by health consciousness, environmental concern, and organic food knowledge. The results also revealed that attitude also affects the intention to buy organic food. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20consciousness" title="health consciousness">health consciousness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitude" title=" attitude"> attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intention%20to%20purchase" title=" intention to purchase"> intention to purchase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20concern" title=" environmental concern"> environmental concern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20food%20knowledge" title=" organic food knowledge"> organic food knowledge</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78597/consumer-attitude-and-purchase-intention-towards-organic-food-insights-from-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">248</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">567</span> Future Trends in Sources of Natural Antioxidants from Indigenous Foods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20El-Ghorab">Ahmed El-Ghorab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indigenous foods are promising sources of various chemical bioactive compounds such as vitamins, phenolic compounds and carotenoids. Therefore, the presence o different bioactive compounds in fruits could be used to retard or prevent various diseases such as cardiovascular and cancer. This is an update report on nutritional compositions and health promoting phytochemicals of different indigenous food . This different type of fruits and/ or other sources such as spices, aromatic plants, grains by-products, which containing bioactive compounds might be used as functional foods or for nutraceutical purposes. most common bioactive compounds are vitamin C, polyphenol, β- carotene and lycopene contents. In recent years, there has been a global trend toward the use of natural phytochemical as antioxidants and functional ingredients, which are present in natural resources such as vegetables, fruits, oilseeds and herbs.. Our future trend the Use of Natural antioxidants as a promising alternative to use of synthetic antioxidants and the Production of natural antioxidant on commercial scale to maximize the value addition of indigenous food waste as a good source of bioactive compounds such as antioxidants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioactive%20compounds" title="bioactive compounds">bioactive compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidants" title=" antioxidants"> antioxidants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=by-product" title=" by-product"> by-product</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indigenous%20foods" title=" indigenous foods"> indigenous foods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenolic%20compounds" title=" phenolic compounds"> phenolic compounds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16743/future-trends-in-sources-of-natural-antioxidants-from-indigenous-foods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16743.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">566</span> Determinants of Selenium Intake in a High HIV Prevalence Fishing Community in Bondo District, Kenya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samwel%20Boaz%20Otieno">Samwel Boaz Otieno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fred%20Were"> Fred Were</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ephantus%20Kabiru"> Ephantus Kabiru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaunda%20Waza"> Kaunda Waza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A study was done to establish determinants of selenium intake in a high HIV prevalence fishing community in the Pala Bondo district, Kenya. It was established that most of the respondents (61%) were small holder Farmers and Fishermen {χ<sup>2</sup> (1, N=386) p<0.000}, and that most of them (91.2%) had up to college level education {χ<sup>2</sup>.(1, N=386) p<0.000}, while the number of males and females were not significantly different {χ (1, N=386) p=0.263} and 83.5% of respondents were married {χ<sup>2 </sup>(1, N=386) p=0.000}. The study showed that adults take on average 2.68 meals a day (N=382, SD=0.603), while children take 3.02 meals (N=386, SD=1.031) a day, and that in most households (82.6%) food is prepared by the women {χ<sup>2 </sup>(1, N=386) p=0.000} and further that 50% of foods eaten in that community are purchased {χ<sup>2</sup> (1, N=386)=0.1818, p=0.6698}. The foods eaten by 75.2% of the respondents were <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>, <em>Lates niloticus</em>, and <em>Sorghum bicolour</em>, 64.1% vegetables and that both children and adults eat same types of food, and further that traditional foods which have become extinct are mainly vegetables (46%). The study established that selenium levels in foods eaten in Pala sub-locations varies with traditional vegetables having higher levels of selenium; for example<em>, Laurnea cornuta</em> (148.5 mg/kg), <em>Cleome</em> <em>gynandra </em>(121.5 mg/kg), <em>Vignia ungulata</em> (21.97 mg/kg), while <em>Rastrineobola argentea</em> (51 mg/kg), <em>Lates niloticus</em> (0), <em>Oreochromis niloticus </em>(0) <em>Sorgum bicolour</em> (19.97 mg/kg), and <em>Sorgum bicolour </em>(0). The study showed that there is an inverse relationship between foods eaten and selenium levels {RR=1.21, p=0.000}, with foods eaten by 75.2% of respondents (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>/<em>Lates niloticus)</em> having no detectable selenium. The four soil types identified in the study area had varying selenium levels with pleat loam (13.3 mg/kg), sandy loam (10.7 mg/kg), clay (2.8 mg/kg) and loam (4.8 mg/kg). It was concluded from this study that for the foods eaten by most of the respondents the selenium levels were below Daily Reference Intake. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determinants" title="determinants">determinants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HIV" title=" HIV"> HIV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food" title=" food"> food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fishing" title=" fishing"> fishing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selenium" title=" Selenium"> Selenium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56060/determinants-of-selenium-intake-in-a-high-hiv-prevalence-fishing-community-in-bondo-district-kenya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56060.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">565</span> Antecedents of Perceptions About Halal Foods Among Non-Muslims in United States of America</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saira%20Naeem">Saira Naeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rana%20Muhammad%20Ayyub"> Rana Muhammad Ayyub</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main objective of this study is to empirically study the antecedents of perceptions of non-Muslim consumers towards Halal foods. The questionnaire survey was conducted through surveymonkey.com from non-Muslims (n=222) of USA. The validated scales of knowledge about Halal foods, animal welfare concerns, acculturation and perception about Halal foods were adopted after necessary adaptation as measures. The structural equation modelling (SEM) approach was used to study the structural model. It was found that Knowledge about Halal foods and ongoing acculturation among non-Muslims has a positive effect on perception about Halal food whereas; animal welfare concerns have negative effect on it. Furthermore, the acculturation has moderating effects but it was found non-significant. It is recommended that Halal food marketers should increase their efforts to educate customers by updating their knowledge about it. Furthermore, it is recommended that the non-Muslim consumers must be apprised of the fact that their animal welfare concerns are adequately addressed while Halal food production and supply chain. Online data collection is the only limitation of this study. This study will guide the Halal marketers of western countries about how to market the Halal food products and services to serve the non-Muslim customers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-Muslims" title="non-Muslims">non-Muslims</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20perceptions" title=" consumer perceptions"> consumer perceptions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20welfare%20concerns" title=" animal welfare concerns"> animal welfare concerns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acculturation" title=" acculturation"> acculturation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20about%20Halal" title=" knowledge about Halal"> knowledge about Halal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153038/antecedents-of-perceptions-about-halal-foods-among-non-muslims-in-united-states-of-america" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">564</span> Examining the Perceived Usefulness of ICTs for Learning about Indigenous Foods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khumbuzile%20M.%20Ngcobo">Khumbuzile M. Ngcobo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seraphin%20D.%20Eyono%20Obono"> Seraphin D. Eyono Obono</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Science and technology has a major impact on many societal domains such as communication, medicine, food, transportation, etc. However, this dominance of modern technology can have a negative unintended impact on indigenous systems, and in particular on indigenous foods. This problem serves as a motivation to this study whose aim is to examine the perceptions of learners on the usefulness of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT's) for learning about indigenous foods. This aim will be subdivided into two types of research objectives. The design and identification of theories and models will be achieved using literature content analysis. The objective on the empirical testing of such theories and models will be achieved through the survey of Hospitality studies learners from different schools in the iLembe and Umgungundlovu Districts of the South African Kwazulu-Natal province. SPSS is used to quantitatively analyse the data collected by the questionnaire of this survey using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlations after the assessment of the validity and the reliability of the data. The main hypothesis behind this study is that there is a connection between the demographics of learners, their perceptions on the usefulness of ICTs for learning about indigenous foods and the following personality an e-learning related theories constructs: computer self-efficacy, trust in ICT systems, and conscientiousness; as suggested by existing studies on learning theories. This hypothesis was fully confirmed by the survey conducted by this study except for the demographic factors where gender and age were not found to be determinant factors of learners’ perceptions on the usefulness of ICT's for learning about indigenous foods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-learning" title="e-learning">e-learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indigenous%20foods" title=" indigenous foods"> indigenous foods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20and%20communication%20technologies" title=" information and communication technologies"> information and communication technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20theories" title=" learning theories"> learning theories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personality" title=" personality"> personality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15281/examining-the-perceived-usefulness-of-icts-for-learning-about-indigenous-foods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15281.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">563</span> Religious Cognition and Intergroup Bias in the Trolley Dilemma: Experimental Fieldwork in Fiji</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Crystal%20Shackleford">Crystal Shackleford</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Pasek"> Michael Pasek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julia%20%20Smith"> Julia Smith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeremy%20Ginges"> Jeremy Ginges</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is extensive debate about the causal role of religion in intergroup conflict. It is commonly accepted that religious beliefs promote in-group cohesion, but religion is often believed to exacerbate inter-group conflict. Fiji is religiously diverse and has a lengthy history of ethno-religious conflict. In a preregistered field experiment using a modified version of the trolley problem dilemma, Christian and Muslim Fijians were asked, first from their own perspective, and then from their God’s perspective, whether a religious ingroup member should sacrifice their life to save five children who were ingroup or outgroup members. Almost all Muslim participants believed that the person should always sacrifice themselves to save the children. Amongst Christian participants, thinking from God’s perspective increased their likelihood of saying the children should be saved by 35% and removed a 27% gap between responses to saving ingroup versus outgroup children. These results replicate previous findings from a Palestinian sample and demonstrate, in another cross-cultural context with a history of violent conflict, that religious cognition can decrease bias and promote the application of universal moral principles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflict" title="conflict">conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moral%20dilemma" title=" moral dilemma"> moral dilemma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychology" title=" psychology"> psychology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religion" title=" religion"> religion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thought%20experiments" title=" thought experiments"> thought experiments</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108774/religious-cognition-and-intergroup-bias-in-the-trolley-dilemma-experimental-fieldwork-in-fiji" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108774.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">562</span> Searching for an Effective Marketing in the Food Supplement Industry in Japan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michiko%20Miyamoto">Michiko Miyamoto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The market for "functional foods" and "foods with functional claims" that are effective in maintaining and improving health, has expanded year by year due to the entry of major food and beverage manufacturers following the introduction of the specified health food system in 1991 in Japan. To bring health claims related products or services to the market, it is necessary to let consumers to learn about these products or services; an effective marketing through advertising are important. This research proposes a framework for an effective advertisement medium for the food supplement industry by using survey data of 2,500 people. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20foods" title="functional foods">functional foods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dietary%20supplements" title=" dietary supplements"> dietary supplements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%20strategy" title=" marketing strategy"> marketing strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20equation%20modeling" title=" structural equation modeling"> structural equation modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132121/searching-for-an-effective-marketing-in-the-food-supplement-industry-in-japan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132121.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">561</span> Tomato Lycopene: Functional Properties and Health Benefits</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20S.%20Marques">C. S. Marques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20J.%20Reis%20Lima"> M. J. Reis Lima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Oliveira"> J. Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Teixeira-Lemos"> E. Teixeira-Lemos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The growing concerns for physical wellbeing and health have been reflected in the way we choose food in our table. Nowadays, we are all more informed consumers and choose healthier foods. On the other hand, stroke, cancer and atherosclerosis may be somehow minimized by the intake of some bioactive compounds present in food, the so-called nutraceuticals and functional foods. The aim of this work was to make a revision of the published studies about the effects of some bioactive compounds, namely lycopene in human health, in the prevention of diseases, thus playing the role of a functional food. Free radical in human body can induce cell damage and consequently can be responsible for the development of some cancers and chronic diseases. Lycopene is one of the most powerful antioxidants known, being the predominant carotenoid in tomato. The respective chemistry, bioavailability, and its functional role in the prevention of several diseases will be object of this work. On the other hand the inclusion of lycopene in some foods can also be made by biotechnology and represents a way to recover the wastes in the tomato industry with nutritional positive effects in health. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tomato" title="tomato">tomato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lycopene" title=" lycopene"> lycopene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioavailability" title=" bioavailability"> bioavailability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20foods" title=" functional foods"> functional foods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carotenoids" title=" carotenoids"> carotenoids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20and%20antioxidants" title=" cancer and antioxidants"> cancer and antioxidants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35985/tomato-lycopene-functional-properties-and-health-benefits" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35985.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">613</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">560</span> Delivering Comprehensive Sexuality Education to Students with Disability in Special Schools in Fiji </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sera%20Ratu">Sera Ratu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jane%20Chivers"> Jane Chivers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessica%20Botfield"> Jessica Botfield </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: The Reproductive and Family Health Association of Fiji (RFHAF) and Family Planning Australia are working together to introduce quality comprehensive sexuality education into Special Schools - which are schools for students with disability. Sexual and reproductive health information is needed by students with disability attending Special Schools. Children with special needs go through the same changes as able-bodied children. The Fiji Disability Inclusion project is a three-year project that started in 2015. One of its objectives is to increase exposure to comprehensive sexuality education for primary and secondary school students with disability. Method: A baseline survey was undertaken with 72 students with disability; it included questions about puberty, sexual health, and relationships. 34 teachers also completed a survey about their views of sexuality education and confidence in delivering it. Consent was facilitated by running information sessions with teachers and parents. The process of gaining consent and completing the surveys was designed to be accessible to students with disability. Given the sensitive nature of reproductive and sexual health, and the potential vulnerability of young people with disability, ethical considerations were important in the design and implementation of the surveys, and ethics approval was obtained. Results: Findings from the surveys suggest that students have mixed knowledge and awareness of sexual health issues. Most teachers reported a need for their students to learn about sexuality and relationships. A positive outcome of conducting the surveys was that RFHAF staff reported they have developed skills and confidence in communicating with young people with a range of disabilities. They have a greater understanding of what students want to learn, and what teachers feel is important. Conclusions: These survey findings will assist RFHAF in developing comprehensive sexuality education programs that are relevant and accessible to students in Special Schools, and to develop an appropriate professional development program for teachers. Findings may also be applicable to other Special Schools when developing sexuality education programs. The education programs developed for students as part of this project, and the professional development programs for teachers, may be relevant to other countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comprehensive%20sexuality%20education" title="comprehensive sexuality education">comprehensive sexuality education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delivery" title=" delivery"> delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sexual%20and%20reproductive%20health%20and%20rights" title=" sexual and reproductive health and rights"> sexual and reproductive health and rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=special%20schools" title=" special schools "> special schools </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85864/delivering-comprehensive-sexuality-education-to-students-with-disability-in-special-schools-in-fiji" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85864.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">559</span> Behavior on Nutritious Food: An Analysis of Newly Affluent Millionaire of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babita%20Adhikari">Babita Adhikari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is a general assumption that affluent people consume a variety of balanced nutritious foods on a regular basis, such as fruits, whole grains, lean meat, nuts, and fresh vegetables, because they have greater affordability and market accessibility. A simple random sampling technique and an open-ended questionnaire were used for this study. Findings showed that high socioeconomic status (SES) people in Kathmandu were more concerned with expensive foods, fruits, and vegetables, regardless of their nutrient content. New millionaire groups in Kathmandu are aware of the importance of nutrition and healthy well-being, but their purchasing and consumption habits differ from general perceptions as they learn about fast-food and restaurant culture. On the home front, they buy, cook, and eat expensive foods but are unaware of their nutrient contents. The study critically examines attributes that influence purchase decisions for nutritious and healthy foods in Kathmandu. Despite the fact that a significant amount of literature helps to comprehend that food has to be good in taste, healthy, and affordable, the major driver of food purchases is still the desire to consume. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutritious%20food" title="nutritious food">nutritious food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20behavior" title=" consumer behavior"> consumer behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrition" title=" nutrition"> nutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20behavior" title=" food behavior"> food behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172969/behavior-on-nutritious-food-an-analysis-of-newly-affluent-millionaire-of-kathmandu-valley-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172969.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">558</span> Consumption Habits of Low-Fat Plant Sterol-Enriched Yoghurt Enriched with Phytosterols</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20J.%20Reis%20Lima">M. J. Reis Lima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Oliveira"> J. Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20C.%20Sousa%20Pereira"> A. C. Sousa Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20C.%20Castilho"> M. C. Castilho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Teixeira-Lemos"> E. Teixeira-Lemos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increasing interest in plant sterol enriched foods is due to the fact that they reduce blood cholesterol concentrations without adverse side effects. In this context, enriched foods with phytosterols may be helpful in protecting population against atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the present work was to evaluate in a population of Viseu, Portugal, the consumption habits low-fat, plant sterol-enriched yoghurt. For this study, 577 inquiries were made and the sample was randomly selected for people shopping in various supermarkets. The preliminary results showed that the biggest consumers of these products were women aged 45 to 65 years old. Most of the people who claimed to buy these products consumed them once a day. Also, most of the consumers under antidyslipidemic therapeutics noticed positive effects on hypercholesterolemia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumption%20habits" title="consumption habits">consumption habits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermented%20milk" title=" fermented milk"> fermented milk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20foods" title=" functional foods"> functional foods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20fat" title=" low fat"> low fat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytosterols" title=" phytosterols"> phytosterols</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11513/consumption-habits-of-low-fat-plant-sterol-enriched-yoghurt-enriched-with-phytosterols" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11513.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">457</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">557</span> Dietary Exposure to Pesticide Residues by Various Physiological Groups of Population in Andhra Pradesh, South India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Padmaja%20R.%20Jonnalagadda">Padmaja R. Jonnalagadda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dietary exposure assessment of fifteen pesticide residues was done in Andhra Pradesh. Twelve commonly consumed foods including water, which were representative of the diet, were collected, processed as table ready and analysed for the presence of various Organochlorines, organophosphates and synthetic pyrethroids. All the samples were contaminated with one or more of the 15 pesticide residues and all of them were within the MRLs. DDT and its isomers, Chlorpyriphos and Cypermethrin were frequently detected in many of the food samples. The mean concentration of the pesticide residues ranged from 0.02 μg kg-1 to 5.1 μg kg-1 (fresh weight) in the analysed foods. When exposure assessments was carried out for different age, sex and physiological groups it was found that the estimates of daily dietary intakes of the analysed pesticide residues in the present study are much lower than the violative levels in all age groups that were computed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=table%20ready%20foods" title="table ready foods">table ready foods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pesticide%20residues" title=" pesticide residues"> pesticide residues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dietary%20intake" title=" dietary intake"> dietary intake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiological%20groups" title=" physiological groups"> physiological groups</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31211/dietary-exposure-to-pesticide-residues-by-various-physiological-groups-of-population-in-andhra-pradesh-south-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31211.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">522</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">556</span> Integrated Care on Chronic Diseases in Asia-Pacific Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang%20Liu">Chang Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanwen%20Zhang"> Hanwen Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vikash%20Sharma"> Vikash Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Don%20Eliseo%20Lucerno-Prisno%20III"> Don Eliseo Lucerno-Prisno III</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Yujuico"> Emmanuel Yujuico</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maulik%20Chokshi"> Maulik Chokshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prashanthi%20Krishnakumar"> Prashanthi Krishnakumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bach%20Xuan%20Tran"> Bach Xuan Tran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giang%20Thu%20Vu"> Giang Thu Vu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamilla%20Anna%20Pinter"> Kamilla Anna Pinter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shenglan%20Tang"> Shenglan Tang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Aims: Globally, many health systems focus on hospital-based healthcare models targeting acute care and disease treatment, which are not effective in addressing the challenges of ageing populations, chronic conditions, multi-morbidities, and increasingly unhealthy lifestyles. Recently, integrated care programs on chronic diseases have been developed, piloted, and implemented to meet such challenges. However, integrated care programs in the Asia-Pacific region vary in the levels of integration from linkage to coordination to full integration. This study aims to identify and analyze existing cases of integrated care in the Asia-Pacific region and identify the facilitators and barriers in order to improve existing cases and inform future cases. Methods: The study is a comparative study, with a combination approach of desk-based research and key informant interviews. The selected countries included in this study represent a good mix of lower-middle income countries (the Philippines, India, Vietnam, and Fiji), upper-middle income country (China), and high-income country (Singapore) in the Asia-Pacific region. Existing integrated care programs were identified through the scoping review approach. Trigger, history, general design, beneficiaries, and objectors were summarized with barriers and facilitators of integrated care based on key informant interviews. Representative case(s) in each country were selected and comprehensively analyzed through deep-dive case studies. Results: A total of 87 existing integrated care programs on chronic diseases were found in all countries, with 44 in China, 21 in Singapore, 12 in India, 5 in Vietnam, 4 in the Philippines, and 1 in Fiji. 9 representative cases of integrated care were selected for in-depth description and analysis, with 2 in China, the Philippines, and Vietnam, and 1 in Singapore, India, and Fiji. Population aging and the rising chronic disease burden have been identified as key drivers for almost all the six countries. Among the six countries, Singapore has the longest history of integrated care, followed by Fiji, the Philippines, and China, while India and Vietnam have a shorter history of integrated care. Incentives, technologies, education, and performance evaluation would be crucial for developing strategies for implementing future programs and improve already existing programs. Conclusion: Integrated care is important for addressing challenges surrounding the delivery of long-term care. To date, there is an increasing trend of integrated care programs on chronic diseases in the Asia-Pacific region, and all six countries in our study set integrated care as a direction for their health systems transformation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated%20healthcare" title="integrated healthcare">integrated healthcare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated%20care%20delivery" title=" integrated care delivery"> integrated care delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20diseases" title=" chronic diseases"> chronic diseases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asia-Pacific%20region" title=" Asia-Pacific region"> Asia-Pacific region</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129338/integrated-care-on-chronic-diseases-in-asia-pacific-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> 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