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id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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class="mw-page-title-main">Climbing guidebook</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Database of climbing routes</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scrambles_CR_hires-500x630.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Scrambles_CR_hires-500x630.jpg/220px-Scrambles_CR_hires-500x630.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="308" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Scrambles_CR_hires-500x630.jpg/330px-Scrambles_CR_hires-500x630.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Scrambles_CR_hires-500x630.jpg/440px-Scrambles_CR_hires-500x630.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="630" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Scrambles_in_the_Canadian_Rockies" title="Scrambles in the Canadian Rockies">Scrambles in the Canadian Rockies</a></i> (2016), by Alan Kane.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Climbing guidebooks</b> are used by <a href="/wiki/Mountaineer" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountaineer">mountaineers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alpinist" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpinist">alpinists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ice_climber" class="mw-redirect" title="Ice climber">ice climbers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rock_climber" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock climber">rock climbers</a> to locate, <a href="/wiki/Grade_(climbing)" title="Grade (climbing)">grade</a>, and navigate <a href="/wiki/Climbing_route" title="Climbing route">climbing routes</a> on mountains, climbing crags, or <a href="/wiki/Bouldering" title="Bouldering">bouldering areas</a>. Modern route guidebooks include detailed information on each climbing route, including <a href="/wiki/Topo_(climbing)" title="Topo (climbing)">topo diagrams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beta_(climbing)" title="Beta (climbing)">route beta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Climbing_protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Climbing protection">protection requirements</a>, and the ethics and style that are in place for a given climbing area (i.e can <a href="/wiki/Sport_climbing" title="Sport climbing">sport climbing</a> <a href="/wiki/Bolt_(climbing)" title="Bolt (climbing)">bolts</a> be used). </p><p>Modern climbing guidebooks are increasingly available in digital format, and even as searchable smartphone apps with extensive beta and three-dimensional diagrams of routes. Extensive online 'opensource' <b>climbing databases</b> of routes now exist, however, the publication of 'physical guidebooks' for technical climbing routes is still ongoing given the unique demands of climbing (with many having both a physical and online edition). </p><p>Climbing route guidebooks began to proliferate at the turn of the 20th century in Europe and became an important chronicle of the history and stories of climbing areas and routes (e.g. who made the <a href="/wiki/First_free_ascent" class="mw-redirect" title="First free ascent">first free ascent</a>) and played an important part in promoting the sport of climbing and the attractiveness of particular areas. Certain notable guidebooks played an important role in standardizing the <a href="/wiki/Grade_(climbing)" title="Grade (climbing)">grading systems</a> that are in use today. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Content_and_information">Content and information</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing_guidebook&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Content and information"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Climbing_route#Details" title="Climbing route">Climbing route § Details</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Toix_Est_Topo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Toix_Est_Topo.jpg/350px-Toix_Est_Topo.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Toix_Est_Topo.jpg/525px-Toix_Est_Topo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Toix_Est_Topo.jpg/700px-Toix_Est_Topo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="765" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Topo_(climbing)" title="Topo (climbing)">Topo image</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Cliff" title="Cliff">cliff</a> <i>Toix Est</i> in <a href="/wiki/Costa_Blanca" title="Costa Blanca">Costa Blanca</a> in Spain, by climber Chris Craggs from a Rockfax guidebook</figcaption></figure> <p>Before discussing individual routes, a climbing guidebook will outline the history and current status of climbing ethics applicable for the location including for example whether the use of <a href="/wiki/Bolt_(climbing)" title="Bolt (climbing)">bolts</a> for <a href="/wiki/Sport_climbing" title="Sport climbing">sport climbing</a> is allowed, and other local customs (e.g. use if non-clean <a href="/wiki/Aid_climbing" title="Aid climbing">aid climbing</a> techniques), and the legal position around access to the location.<sup id="cite_ref-RF_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RF-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Guidebooks can locate a given route by verbal description (for example: " <i>start in the third left-facing corner below the large, orange roof, left of the route "Something Interesting"</i>). Starting in the 1980s, a diagram style was developed, with detailed diagrams (or photographs) of the routes with the key obstacles and challenges encountered explicitly marked/overlaid, which came to be called "<a href="/wiki/Topo_(climbing)" title="Topo (climbing)">topos</a>" (see image opposite).<sup id="cite_ref-CL1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CL1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CM3_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CM3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Modern guidebooks include a range of <a href="/wiki/Climbing_route#Details" title="Climbing route">standard details</a> for each specific route, including the length of a route and its <a href="/wiki/Grade_(climbing)" title="Grade (climbing)">climbing grade</a>. The description can also include varying amounts of information about how to climb the route, such as the location of the <a href="/wiki/Crux_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crux (climbing)">crux</a> and any special techniques needed (i.e. <a href="/wiki/Bridging_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bridging (climbing)">bridging</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laybacking" class="mw-redirect" title="Laybacking">laybacking</a>, or the need for <a href="/wiki/Aid_climbing" title="Aid climbing">aid climbing</a>)—when the information on 'how to climb' a route is very detailed it is collectively known as <i><a href="/wiki/Beta_(climbing)" title="Beta (climbing)">beta</a></i>, and can affect the style of the ascent (i.e. <a href="/wiki/Onsight" class="mw-redirect" title="Onsight">onsighting</a>). The guidebook may also include the type of <a href="/wiki/Rock-climbing_equipment" title="Rock-climbing equipment">equipment</a> needed and particularly for <a href="/wiki/Climbing_protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Climbing protection">climbing protection</a>. In a definitive guide, the route's history (e.g. credits for <a href="/wiki/First_free_ascent" class="mw-redirect" title="First free ascent">first free ascents</a>) would also be included.<sup id="cite_ref-RF_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RF-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022, two Austrian climbers published <i>Klimafreundlich Klettern</i> (or <i>Sustainable Climbing</i>), a guidebook on the Tyrol whose climbing routes could be accessed via public transport or bicycle, thus reducing the carbon footprint of the climbers.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sandbagging">Sandbagging</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing_guidebook&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Sandbagging"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The grading of modern climbing routes is increasingly concentrated around a small number of dominant systems, such as the <a href="/wiki/Yosemite_Decimal_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Yosemite Decimal System">Yosemite Decimal System</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Grade_(climbing)#V-grade" title="Grade (climbing)">V-scale</a> in North America, and the French <a href="/wiki/Grade_(climbing)#French_numerical_grade" title="Grade (climbing)">sport system</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grade_(climbing)#Font_grade" title="Grade (climbing)">Font-scale</a> in Europe. An aspect of climbing guidebooks is the consistency of applying these dominant grading systems with that of other climbing areas and guidebooks so that visiting climbers to an area can accurately assess the scale of a route's challenge. Where a guidebook's grades are materially 'easier' than what they should be so that the listed grades underestimate the challenge and difficulty of the routes, it is known as 'sandbagging'.<sup id="cite_ref-CN_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CN-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>'Sandbagging' is a source of debate amongst climbers, some consider it a source of unnecessary danger to visiting climbers, while others consider 'sandbagging' a reflection of local customs and historical grading that should be preserved in guidebook grades.<sup id="cite_ref-CN_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CN-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Certain climbing areas are notable for systemic sandbagging (i.e. most of the grades in their guidebooks understate the true difficulty of their routes), with examples in North America being <a href="/wiki/Yosemite" class="mw-redirect" title="Yosemite">Yosemite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shawangunk_Ridge" title="Shawangunk Ridge">Shawangunk Ridge</a> (the "Gunks"), and <a href="/wiki/Eldorado_Canyon_State_Park" title="Eldorado Canyon State Park">Eldorado Canyon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some guidebooks will try to alert the reader on sandbagged routes (e.g. "often considered sandbagged at the grade"), or with more subtle wordings to avoid upsetting local climbers such as "stiff at the grade".<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CM2_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CM2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publication_and_authorship">Publication and authorship</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing_guidebook&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Publication and authorship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Climber_reading_guidebook.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Climber_reading_guidebook.jpg/220px-Climber_reading_guidebook.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Climber_reading_guidebook.jpg/330px-Climber_reading_guidebook.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Climber_reading_guidebook.jpg/440px-Climber_reading_guidebook.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Climber consulting a 'physical' climbing guidebook at the top of a route at <a href="/wiki/Sennen_Cove" title="Sennen Cove">Sennen Cove</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Guidebooks may be compilations of selected popular or well-regarded routes (e.g. <i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Classic_Climbs_of_North_America" title="Fifty Classic Climbs of North America">Fifty Classic Climbs of North America</a></i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Hard_Rock_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard Rock (book)">Hard Rock</a></i>), or exhaustive compilations of all known climbing routes in a region (e.g. the 512-page <i><a href="/wiki/Lancashire_Rock" title="Lancashire Rock">Lancashire Rock</a></i> in Britain). The books may be published by national/regional mountaineering bodies (e.g. the <a href="/wiki/British_Mountaineering_Council" title="British Mountaineering Council">British Mountaineering Council</a> and <a href="/wiki/Climbers%27_Club" title="Climbers' Club">Climbers' Club</a> in Britain, the <a href="/wiki/Club_Alpino_Italiano" title="Club Alpino Italiano">Club Alpino Italiano</a> in Italy, or the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Club" title="Sierra Club">Sierra Club</a> in the US), by commercial publishers (e.g. Rockfax and Cicerone in Europe or Falcon Guides, Wolverine, and SuperTopo in the US), or self-published by local enthusiasts, which is how climbing areas get started.<sup id="cite_ref-BMC1_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BMC1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Regardless of publication, in many cases, the authorship of the climbing guidebook will explicitly (i.e. named on the front cover), or implicitly (listed as contributors/advisors), include well-regarded climbers who are associated with the climbing area in question. There are however notable climbing guidebook authors who are not specifically associated with an area, but whose authorship and climbing insights are equally well-regarded, examples being Britain's <a href="/wiki/Ken_Wilson_(mountaineering_writer)" title="Ken Wilson (mountaineering writer)">Ken Wilson</a> and America's <a href="/wiki/Steve_Roper" title="Steve Roper">Steve Roper</a>, who wrote many notable climbing guidebooks for a wide range of locations and types of rock in their respective countries.<sup id="cite_ref-CL1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CL1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a climbing area develops, new editions of the guidebook for the area will be published to capture the <a href="/wiki/Climbing_route#Details" title="Climbing route">details</a> of new climbing routes, to update details for existing routes, and in particular to show any change in the consensus grade of existing climbing routes.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The task of re-grading existing climbs, and ensuring that the guidebook accurately and fairly reflects the assessments of respected climbers in the area, can be lengthy—and can lead to many heated debates amongst climbers,<sup id="cite_ref-BMC1_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BMC1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which need to be 'consensus-driven'.<sup id="cite_ref-RF_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RF-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between editions, 'new routes updates' are often held online.<sup id="cite_ref-CL1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CL1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climbing_databases">Climbing databases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing_guidebook&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Climbing databases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In recent years, many climbing guidebooks have been published in digital format, often for display in <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphone</a> applications as apps.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This medium offers the benefit of continuous updates, as well as rapid searching, and in some cases, GPS navigation and <a href="/wiki/Three_dimensional" class="mw-redirect" title="Three dimensional">three dimensional</a> diagrams.<sup id="cite_ref-CL1_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CL1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are now several major online climbing route databases including 'theCrag.com' and '<a href="/wiki/Mountain_Project" title="Mountain Project">MountainProject.com</a>', however, climbing authors note that the need for 'physical guidebooks' that can be carried by climbers to (often) remote crags remains (many have physical and online editions).<sup id="cite_ref-CM3_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CM3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CM2_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CM2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influence_and_notable_books">Influence and notable books</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing_guidebook&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Influence and notable books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Houghton_Swi_688.59_-_Alpine_Club.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Houghton_Swi_688.59_-_Alpine_Club.jpg/220px-Houghton_Swi_688.59_-_Alpine_Club.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="386" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Houghton_Swi_688.59_-_Alpine_Club.jpg/330px-Houghton_Swi_688.59_-_Alpine_Club.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Houghton_Swi_688.59_-_Alpine_Club.jpg/440px-Houghton_Swi_688.59_-_Alpine_Club.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1249" data-file-height="2189" /></a><figcaption>Title page from <i>Peaks, Passes, and Glaciers</i> (1859), edited by <a href="/wiki/John_Ball_(naturalist)" title="John Ball (naturalist)">John Ball</a>, first president of the <a href="/wiki/Alpine_Club_(UK)" title="Alpine Club (UK)">Alpine Club</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Some of the earliest dedicated climbing guidebooks can be dated back to the mid-19th century and the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Alpinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Age of Alpinism">Golden Age of Alpinism</a>, with the British <a href="/wiki/Alpine_Club_(UK)" title="Alpine Club (UK)">Alpine Club</a>'s <i>Peaks, Passes, and Glaciers</i> in 1859 being arguably being one of the earliest published guidebooks dedicated to climbing. Climbing guidebooks became an important part of developing the culture of climbing, and the promotion of the activity as a sport, and they became increasingly common by the turn of the 20th century in Europe and after World War Two in North America.<sup id="cite_ref-CM3_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CM3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As well as promoting an area to outside climbers, guidebooks chronicle the history and stories of climbing areas and individual climbing routes, and delineate what is considered to be good and/or acceptable style in a particular area and what is not acceptable (e.g use of <a href="/wiki/Sport_climbing" title="Sport climbing">sport climbing</a> <a href="/wiki/Bolt_(climbing)" title="Bolt (climbing)">bolts</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-CM3_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CM3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There have been instances where local climbers have strongly objected to the publication of a guidebook due to differences in opinion on local climbing ethics, and/or the prospect of attracting increased visitors (e.g. at <a href="/wiki/Pike%27s_Peak" class="mw-redirect" title="Pike's Peak">Pike's Peak</a> in Colorado).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Certain guidebooks had a significant impact on the standardization of climbing and the adoption of grading systems in particular. For example, Steve Roper's 1964 <a href="/wiki/Big_wall_climbing" title="Big wall climbing">big wall climbing</a> guidebook, <i>A Climber's Guide to Yosemite Valley</i>, cemented the nascent <a href="/wiki/Yosemite_Decimal_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Yosemite Decimal System">Yosemite Decimal System</a> as the dominant grading system in North America.<sup id="cite_ref-BK1_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BK1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, <a href="/wiki/John_Sherman_(climber)" title="John Sherman (climber)">John Sherman</a>'s 1991 <a href="/wiki/Bouldering" title="Bouldering">bouldering</a> guidebook <i>Hueco Tanks Climbing and Bouldering Guide</i> introduced the <a href="/wiki/V-scale" class="mw-redirect" title="V-scale">V-scale</a> to American bouldering, where it became the dominant system.<sup id="cite_ref-BK2_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BK2-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Climbing guidebooks that are considered historically notable include: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British_Isles">British Isles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing_guidebook&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: British Isles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Some_Gritstone_Climbs" title="Some Gritstone Climbs">Some Gritstone Climbs</a></i> (1913).</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hard_Rock_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard Rock (book)">Hard Rock</a></i> (1974).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Continental_European">Continental European</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing_guidebook&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Continental European"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Peaks,_Passes,_and_Glaciers" class="mw-redirect" title="Peaks, Passes, and Glaciers">Peaks, Passes, and Glaciers. A Series of Excursions by the Members of the Alpine Club</a></i> (1959).</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alpine_Club_Guide" title="Alpine Club Guide">Alpine Club Guide</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Alpenvereinsführer</i>, commonly shortened to <i>AV Führer</i> or <i>AVF</i>).</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guida_dei_Monti_d%27Italia" title="Guida dei Monti d'Italia">Guida dei Monti d'Italia</a></i> (in English <i>Guidebook to the Italian mountains</i>).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_American">North American</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing_guidebook&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: North American"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Climber%27s_Guide_to_the_Teton_Range" title="A Climber's Guide to the Teton Range">A Climber's Guide to the Teton Range</a></i> (1956).<sup id="cite_ref-CM2_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CM2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Climber%27s_Guide_to_Yosemite_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="A Climber's Guide to Yosemite Valley">A Climber's Guide to Yosemite Valley</a></i> (1964).<sup id="cite_ref-BK1_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BK1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Classic_Climbs_of_North_America" title="Fifty Classic Climbs of North America">Fifty Classic Climbs of North America</a></i> (1979).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hueco_Tanks_Climbing_and_Bouldering_Guide" class="mw-redirect" title="Hueco Tanks Climbing and Bouldering Guide">Hueco Tanks Climbing and Bouldering Guide</a></i> (1991).<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BK2_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BK2-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Libraries_and_collections">Libraries and collections</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing_guidebook&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Libraries and collections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several mountaineering organizations maintain extensive libraries and collections of current and historical climbing guidebooks,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the British Mountaineering Council, who have been compiling an updated <i>Bibliography of British and Irish Guidebooks (from 1894)</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The library of the <a href="/wiki/American_Alpine_Club" title="American Alpine Club">American Alpine Club</a> is also noted for its collection of climbing guidebooks.<sup id="cite_ref-CM2_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CM2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A noted online database of information on climbing routes—including verified ascensionists—is the late <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Hawley" title="Elizabeth Hawley">Elizabeth Hawley</a>'s, <a href="/wiki/The_Himalayan_Database" title="The Himalayan Database">The Himalayan Database</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing_guidebook&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Banff_Mountain_Book_Festival" title="Banff Mountain Book Festival">Banff Mountain Book Festival</a> has at times given a 'Best Guidebook Award' for outstanding guidebooks.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing_guidebook&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Climbing_guidebook" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Climbing guidebook">Climbing guidebook</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grade_(climbing)" title="Grade (climbing)">Grade (climbing)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_route" title="Climbing route">Climbing route</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_technique" title="Climbing technique">Climbing technique</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing_guidebook&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-RF-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RF_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RF_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RF_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRyanJames2002" 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mountain+Heritage+Trust&rft.atitle=A+brief+introduction+to+the+collecting+of+climbing+guidebooks&rft.date=2024&rft.aulast=Johnston-Smith&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mountain-heritage.org%2Fblog%2Fa-brief-introduction-to-the-collecting-of-climbing-guidebooks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing+guidebook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoss2012" class="citation web cs1">Moss, Alan (8 February 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thebmc.co.uk/are-you-a-fanatical-guidebook-collector">"Are you a Fanatical Guidebook Collector?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/British_Mountaineering_Council" title="British Mountaineering Council">British Mountaineering Council</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Mountaineering+Council&rft.atitle=British+and+Irish+Climbing+guidebooks+%E2%80%93+The+2013+Supplement&rft.date=2014-06-12&rft.aulast=Grimes&rft.aufirst=Niall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thebmc.co.uk%2Fbritish-and-irish-climbing-guidebooks--the-2013-supplement&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing+guidebook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChua2018" class="citation web cs1">Chua, Steve (30 November 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.piquenewsmagazine.com/local-arts/squamish-rockclimbs-wins-best-guidebook-award-2505597">"Squamish Rockclimbs wins best guidebook award"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Pique_Newsmagazine" title="Pique Newsmagazine">Pique Newsmagazine</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pique+Newsmagazine&rft.atitle=Squamish+Rockclimbs+wins+best+guidebook+award&rft.date=2018-11-30&rft.aulast=Chua&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.piquenewsmagazine.com%2Flocal-arts%2Fsquamish-rockclimbs-wins-best-guidebook-award-2505597&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing+guidebook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing_guidebook&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecrag.com/en/home">theCrag</a>, Europe's largest online rock climbing route database</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mountainproject.com/">MountainProject</a>, North America's largest online rock and ice climbing route database</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VXgT9S_PwY">VIDEO: How to use a climbing guide book</a>, EpicTV (2016)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_-P1iXtxg0A">VIDEO: How to use a climbing guide book</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Mountaineering_Council" title="British Mountaineering Council">British Mountaineering Council</a> (2017)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiki.climbing.ie/index.php?title=Compiling_A_Climbing_Guidebook">Compiling A Climbing Guidebook</a>, <i>Irish ClimbingWiki</i> (2023)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ukclimbing.com/logbook/books/">Database of Climbing Guidebooks</a>, <i>UKClimbing Magazine</i> (2024)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Climbing419" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Climbing" title="Template:Climbing"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Climbing" title="Template talk:Climbing"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Climbing" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Climbing"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Climbing419" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Climbing" title="Climbing">Climbing</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rock_climbing" title="Rock climbing">Rock climbing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rock_climbing#Types_of_rock_climbing" title="Rock climbing">Disciplines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aid_climbing" title="Aid climbing">Aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_wall_climbing" title="Big wall climbing">Big wall</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multi-pitch_climbing" title="Multi-pitch climbing">Multi-pitch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouldering" title="Bouldering">Bouldering</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bouldering#Highball_bouldering" title="Bouldering">Highball</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Competition_climbing" title="Competition climbing">Competition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speed_climbing" title="Speed climbing">Speed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_climbing" title="Free climbing">Free</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sport_climbing" title="Sport climbing">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_climbing" title="Traditional climbing">Traditional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solo_climbing" title="Solo climbing">Solo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_solo_climbing" title="Free solo climbing">Free solo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep-water_soloing" title="Deep-water soloing">Deep-water solo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rope_solo_climbing" title="Rope solo climbing">Rope solo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_rope_climbing" title="Top rope climbing">Top roping</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rock_climbing#Types_of_routes" title="Rock climbing">Route types</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_wall" title="Climbing wall">Artificial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crack_climbing" title="Crack climbing">Crack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Face_climbing" title="Face climbing">Face</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overhang_(climbing)" title="Overhang (climbing)">Overhang / Roof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slab_climbing" title="Slab climbing">Slab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mountaineering" title="Mountaineering">Mountaineering</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_climbing" title="Alpine climbing">Alpine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Via_ferrata" title="Via ferrata">Via ferrata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight-thousander" title="Eight-thousander">Himalayan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpine style">Alpine style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_climbing" title="Expedition climbing">Expedition style</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_climbing" title="Ice climbing">Ice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_climbing" title="Mixed climbing">Mixed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry-tooling" title="Dry-tooling">Dry-tooling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrambling" title="Scrambling">Scrambling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hillwalking" class="mw-redirect" title="Hillwalking">Hillwalking</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buildering" title="Buildering">Buildering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canyoning" title="Canyoning">Canyoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crane_climbing" title="Crane climbing">Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grass_climbing" title="Grass climbing">Grass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rope_access" title="Rope access">Commercial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkour" title="Parkour">Parkour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pole_climbing" title="Pole climbing">Pole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ropes_course" title="Ropes course">Ropes course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rooftopping" title="Rooftopping">Rooftopping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roof_and_tunnel_hacking" title="Roof and tunnel hacking">Roof and tunnel hacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slide_Climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Slide Climbing">Slide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_climbing" title="Tree climbing">Tree</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_alpine_clubs" title="List of alpine clubs">Alpine clubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_climbers_and_mountaineers" title="List of climbers and mountaineers">Climbers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piolet_d%27Or" class="mw-redirect" title="Piolet d'Or">Piolet d'Or winners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IFSC_Climbing_World_Cup" title="IFSC Climbing World Cup">IFSC World Cup winners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IFSC_Climbing_World_Championships" title="IFSC Climbing World Championships">IFSC World Championships winners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranking_of_career_IFSC_victories_by_climber" title="Ranking of career IFSC victories by climber">IFSC victories</a></li></ul></li> <li>Deaths <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deaths_on_eight-thousanders" title="List of deaths on eight-thousanders">Eight-thousanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_died_climbing_Mount_Everest" title="List of people who died climbing Mount Everest">Everest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_equipment" title="Climbing equipment">Equipment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_climbing_and_mountaineering_equipment_brands" title="List of climbing and mountaineering equipment brands">Brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_climbing_knots" title="List of climbing knots">Knots</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_rock_climbing" title="History of rock climbing">Historical events</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_grade_milestones_in_rock_climbing" title="List of grade milestones in rock climbing">Grade milestones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_first_ascents_of_mountain_summits" title="List of first ascents of mountain summits">First ascents</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_technique" title="Climbing technique">Technique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_climbing_terms" title="Glossary of climbing terms">Terminology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Climbing_equipment" title="Climbing equipment">Equipment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rock-climbing_equipment" title="Rock-climbing equipment">Rock</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aider" class="mw-redirect" title="Aider">Aider</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daisy_chain_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daisy chain (climbing)">Daisy chain</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchor_(climbing)" title="Anchor (climbing)">Anchor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascender_(climbing)" title="Ascender (climbing)">Ascender</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petzl_Croll" title="Petzl Croll">Croll</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belay_device" title="Belay device">Belay device</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auto_belay" title="Auto belay">Auto belay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belay_glasses" title="Belay glasses">Glasses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belay_gloves" class="mw-redirect" title="Belay gloves">Gloves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolt_(climbing)" title="Bolt (climbing)">Bolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouldering_mat" title="Bouldering mat">Boulder mat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carabiner" title="Carabiner">Carabiner</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maillon" title="Maillon">Maillon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_rope" title="Climbing rope">Climbing rope</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cord_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cord (climbing)">Cord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_rope" title="Dynamic rope">Dynamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Static_rope" title="Static rope">Static</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_chalk" title="Liquid chalk">Chalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Descender_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Descender (climbing)">Descenders</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Figure_8_(climbing)" title="Figure 8 (climbing)">Figure-8</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_harness" title="Climbing harness">Harness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hook (climbing)">Hooks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fifi_hook" title="Fifi hook">Fifi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyhook_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Skyhook (climbing)">Skyhook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_climbing_hammer" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock climbing hammer">Hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hex_(climbing)" title="Hex (climbing)">Hex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanyard_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lanyard (climbing)">Lanyard</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personal_anchor_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Personal anchor system">PAC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nut_(climbing)" title="Nut (climbing)">Nut</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Copperhead_(climbing)" title="Copperhead (climbing)">Copperhead</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piton" title="Piton">Piton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portaledge" title="Portaledge">Portaledge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quickdraw" title="Quickdraw">Quickdraw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-locking_device" title="Self-locking device">SLDs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grigri" title="Grigri">Grigri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revo_(climbing)" title="Revo (climbing)">Revo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sling_(climbing_equipment)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sling (climbing equipment)">Sling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring-loaded_camming_device" title="Spring-loaded camming device">SLCDs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camalot" title="Camalot">Camalot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_shoe" title="Climbing shoe">Shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricam" title="Tricam">Tricam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ice_climbing#Equipment" title="Ice climbing">Ice and snow</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpenstock" title="Alpenstock">Alpenstock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abalakov_thread" title="Abalakov thread">Abalakov thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottled_oxygen_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bottled oxygen (climbing)">Bottled oxygen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crampons" title="Crampons">Crampons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_axe" title="Ice axe">Ice axe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ice_tool" title="Ice tool">Ice tool</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_screw" title="Ice screw">Ice screw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountaineering_boot" title="Mountaineering boot">Mountaineering boot</a></li> <li>Rescue <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avalanche_cord" title="Avalanche cord">Avalanche cord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RECCO" title="RECCO">RECCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avalanche_transceiver" title="Avalanche transceiver">Transeiver</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_anchor" title="Snow anchor">Snow anchor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowshoe" title="Snowshoe">Snowshoe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Action</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abseiling" title="Abseiling">Abseiling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_rappel" title="Australian rappel">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BClfersitz" title="Dülfersitz">Dülfersitz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belaying" title="Belaying">Belaying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_pointing" title="Front pointing">Front pointing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glissade_(climbing)" title="Glissade (climbing)">Glissading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fixed_rope" title="Fixed rope">Jumaring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead_climbing" title="Lead climbing">Leading</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flash_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flash (climbing)">Flashing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onsight" class="mw-redirect" title="Onsight">Onsighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redpoint_(climbing)" title="Redpoint (climbing)">Redpointing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_rescue" title="Mountain rescue">Rescue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crevasse_rescue" title="Crevasse rescue">Crevasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self_rescue_(climbing)" title="Self rescue (climbing)">Self</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-arrest" title="Self-arrest">Self-arrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simul-climbing" title="Simul-climbing">Simul-climbing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rope_team" title="Rope team">Rope team</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotting_(climbing)" title="Spotting (climbing)">Spotting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traverse_(climbing)" title="Traverse (climbing)">Traversing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tyrolean_traverse" title="Tyrolean traverse">Tyrolean</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ape_index" title="Ape index">Ape index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Approach_shoe" title="Approach shoe">Approach shoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clean_climbing" title="Clean climbing">Clean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_route" title="Climbing route">Climbing route</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beta_(climbing)" title="Beta (climbing)">Beta</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Guidebook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipping_(climbing)" title="Chipping (climbing)">Chipping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_ascent" title="First ascent">First ascent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitch_(climbing)" title="Pitch (climbing)">Pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topo_(climbing)" title="Topo (climbing)">Topo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exposure_(heights)" title="Exposure (heights)">Exposure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_factor" title="Fall factor">Fall factor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grade_(climbing)" title="Grade (climbing)">Grades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_guide" title="Mountain guide">Guides</a></li> <li>Training <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bachar_ladder" title="Bachar ladder">Bachar ladder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campus_board" title="Campus board">Campus board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangboard" class="mw-redirect" title="Hangboard">Hangboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MoonBoard" class="mw-redirect" title="MoonBoard">MoonBoard</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magazines and journals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alpine_Journal" title="Alpine Journal">Alpine Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alpinist_(magazine)" title="Alpinist (magazine)">Alpinist</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Alpine_Journal" title="American Alpine Journal">American Alpine Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Alpine_Journal" title="Canadian Alpine Journal">Canadian Alpine Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Climbing_(magazine)" title="Climbing (magazine)">Climbing</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Desnivel" title="Desnivel">Desnivel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Himalayan_Journal" title="Himalayan Journal">Himalayan Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Planinski_Vestnik" title="Planinski Vestnik">Planinski Vestnik</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rock_%26_Ice" title="Rock & Ice">Rock & Ice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Summit_(magazine)" title="Summit (magazine)">Summit</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-fiction films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Alpinist" title="The Alpinist">The Alpinist</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/El_Capitan_(film)" title="El Capitan (film)">El Capitan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dawn_Wall" title="The Dawn Wall">The Dawn Wall</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Free_Solo" title="Free Solo">Free Solo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hard_Grit" title="Hard Grit">Hard Grit</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Diamond_Equipment" title="Black Diamond Equipment">Black Diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAMP_(company)" title="CAMP (company)">CAMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascade_Designs" title="Cascade Designs">Cascade Designs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deuter_Sport" title="Deuter Sport">Deuter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Winters" title="Early Winters">Early Winters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Mountain_Sports" title="Eastern Mountain Sports">Eastern Mountain Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Ten_Footwear" title="Five Ten Footwear">Five Ten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frostline_Kits" title="Frostline Kits">Frostline Kits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_(company)" title="Gerry (company)">GERRY Mountain Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grivel_(company)" title="Grivel (company)">Grivel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holubar_Mountaineering" title="Holubar Mountaineering">Holubar Mountaineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JanSport" title="JanSport">JanSport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kellwood_Company" title="Kellwood Company">Sierra Designs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelty_(company)" title="Kelty (company)">Kelty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Sportiva" title="La Sportiva">La Sportiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowe_Alpine" title="Lowe Alpine">Lowe Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mammut_Sports_Group" title="Mammut Sports Group">Mammut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmot_(company)" title="Marmot (company)">Marmot Mountain Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millet_(manufacturer)" title="Millet (manufacturer)">Millet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Equipment_Co-op" title="Mountain Equipment Co-op">Mountain Equipment Co-op</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Safety_Research" title="Mountain Safety Research">Mountain Safety Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outdoor_Research" title="Outdoor Research">Outdoor Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patagonia,_Inc." title="Patagonia, Inc.">Patagonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petzl" title="Petzl">Petzl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rab_(company)" title="Rab (company)">Rab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recreational_Equipment,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Recreational Equipment, Inc.">REI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_North_Face" title="The North Face">The North Face</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Therm-a-Rest" title="Therm-a-Rest">Therm-a-Rest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_Country_(company)" title="Wild Country (company)">Wild Country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Climbing_clubs" class="mw-redirect" title="Climbing clubs">National</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Access_Fund" title="The Access Fund">Access Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_Club_(UK)" title="Alpine Club (UK)">Alpine Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_Club_of_Canada" title="Alpine Club of Canada">Alpine Club of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Alpine_Club" title="American Alpine Club">American Alpine Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountain_Club" title="Appalachian Mountain Club">Appalachian Mountain Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Alpine_Club" title="Austrian Alpine Club">Austrian Alpine Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Mountaineering_Council" title="British Mountaineering Council">British Mountaineering Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Club_Alpin_Fran%C3%A7ais" class="mw-redirect" title="Club Alpin Français">Club Alpin Français</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Club_Alpino_Italiano" title="Club Alpino Italiano">Club Alpino Italiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federaci%C3%B3n_Espa%C3%B1ola_de_Deportes_de_Monta%C3%B1a_y_Escalada" class="mw-redirect" title="Federación Española de Deportes de Montaña y Escalada">Federación Española de Deportes de Montaña y Escalada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_fran%C3%A7aise_de_la_montagne_et_de_l%27escalade" class="mw-redirect" title="Fédération française de la montagne et de l'escalade">Fédération française de la montagne et de l'escalade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Alpine_Club" title="German Alpine Club">German Alpine Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_National_Climbing_Federation" title="South African National Climbing Federation">South African Climbing Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Tyrol_Alpine_Club" title="South Tyrol Alpine Club">South Tyrol Alpine Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Alpine_Club" title="Swiss Alpine Club">Swiss Alpine Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA_Climbing" title="USA Climbing">USA Climbing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Sport_Climbing" title="International Federation of Sport Climbing">International Federation of Sport Climbing</a> (IFSC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Climbing_and_Mountaineering_Federation" title="International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation">International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation</a> (UIAA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/UIAGM" class="mw-redirect" title="UIAGM">Union Internationale des Associations de Guides de Montagnes</a> (UIAGM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_International_Mountain_Leader_Associations" title="Union of International Mountain Leader Associations">Union of International Mountain Leader Associations</a> (UIMLA)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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