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Hong</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Mi-Na Hong"> <meta name="keywords" content="Mi-Na Hong"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Mi-Na Hong"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 708</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Mi-Na Hong</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">708</span> The Development and Future of Hong Kong Typography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amic%20G.%20Ho">Amic G. Ho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Language usage and typography in Hong Kong are unique, as can be seen clearly on the streets of the city. In contrast to many other parts of the world, where there is only one language, in Hong Kong many signs and billboards display two languages: Chinese and English. The language usage on signage, fonts and types used, and the designs in magazines and advertisements all demonstrate the unique features of Hong Kong typographic design, which reflect the multicultural nature of Hong Kong society. This study is the first step in investigating the nature and development of Hong Kong typography. The preliminary research explored how the historical development of Hong Kong is reflected in its unique typography. Following a review of historical development, a quantitative study was designed: Local Hong Kong participants were invited to provide input on what makes the Hong Kong typographic style unique. Their input was collected and analyzed. This provided us with information about the characteristic criteria and features of Hong Kong typography, as recognized by the local people. The most significant typographic designs in Hong Kong were then investigated and the influence of Chinese and other cultures on Hong Kong typography was assessed. The research results provide an indication to local designers on how they can strengthen local design outcomes and promote the values and culture of their mother town. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=typography" title="typography">typography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong" title=" Hong Kong"> Hong Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historical%20developments" title=" historical developments"> historical developments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20cultures" title=" multiple cultures"> multiple cultures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51218/the-development-and-future-of-hong-kong-typography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51218.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">514</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">707</span> Preparedness of the Mae Hong Son Province for the Aging Society</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siwaporn%20Mahathamnuchock">Siwaporn Mahathamnuchock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krit%20Phanpanya"> Krit Phanpanya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This survey study aims 1) to investigate the preparation of Mae Hong Son people for entering into the aging society 2) to study awareness of public health preparedness for the aging society of Mae Hong Son Province Administrative Organization. The samples used in this study were people aged 55-60 years in Mae Hong Province. Located at Khun Yuam Sub district, Khun Yuam District, Pang Ma Pha Sub district, Pang Ma Pha District, Thung Yao Sub district, Pai District, Mae ka Tuan Sub district, Sob Moei District, Mae Sariang Sub district, Mae Sariang District, Mae Tho Sub district, Mae La Noi District. And Huai Pha Sub district, Muang Mae Hong District. The data were collected from 1,088 people by Stratified sampling Method. The instrument used in this study were 36 items of questionnaire that contains three parts: 1) Sample’s general information 2) The Interview of Mae Hong Son people’s preparation before entering aging society. 3) The Interview about preparedness of health for the aging society of Mae Hong Son Province Administrative Organization. Then analyzed the data by using percentage and standard deviation. The research found that Mae Hong Son people are preparing for an aging society as followed; psychological, residence, physical health, careers and leisure time on a large scale with an average of 3.81 (SD=0.88), 3.66 (SD=0.99), 3.53(SD=1.04) and 3.51(SD=0.89), respectively. However finances and saving were prepared on moderate scale with an average of 2.84(SD=0.89) and in the awareness of public health preparedness for the aging society of Mae Hong Son Province Administrative Organization were moderate with an average of 2.99 (SD=1.07). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging%20society" title="aging society">aging society</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preparedness" title=" preparedness"> preparedness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception" title=" perception"> perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mae%20Hong%20Son%20province" title=" Mae Hong Son province"> Mae Hong Son province</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57900/preparedness-of-the-mae-hong-son-province-for-the-aging-society" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57900.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">706</span> State Rescaling of the Urban Development in Hong Kong after the Reunification: A Case Study of the Planning Process of the Hong Kong Section of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhihua%20Xu">Zhihua Xu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the era of globalization, the urban question is increasingly being posed in the form of a scale question. Scale theory provides a new perspective for analyzing various dynamics and their influences on urban development. After the reunification, how the government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) interacts with the actors at various scales and carries out state rescaling are the keys to exploring the issue of urban development and governance in Hong Kong. This paper examines the entire planning process of the Hong Kong Section of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link, from project conception, design, to consultation, and fund application, to identify the actors at different scales involved in the process, and analyze the modes and consequences of their interaction. This study shows that after the reunification, the Hong Kong SAR Government takes the initiative to scale up to expand its hinterland. Intergovernmental institutional cooperation is an important mode of state rescaling for the Hong Kong SAR government. Meanwhile, the gradually growing civil society plays an important role in the rescaling of urban development. Local actors use scalar politics to construct discourses and take actions at multiple scales to challenge the government’s proposal and trigger a discussion on the project throughout the Hong Kong society. The case study of Hong Kong can deepen the understanding of state rescaling of territorial organizations in the context of institutional transformation and enrich the theoretical connotation of state rescaling. It also helps the Mainland government to better understand the case of Hong Kong and formulate appropriate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20rescaling" title=" state rescaling"> state rescaling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scalar%20politics" title=" scalar politics"> scalar politics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong%20section%20of%20the%20Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong%20Kong%20express%20rail%20link" title=" Hong Kong section of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong express rail link"> Hong Kong section of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong express rail link</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20governance" title=" urban governance"> urban governance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114444/state-rescaling-of-the-urban-development-in-hong-kong-after-the-reunification-a-case-study-of-the-planning-process-of-the-hong-kong-section-of-the-guangzhou-shenzhen-hong-kong-express-rail-link" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114444.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">705</span> Examining the Decision-Making Process of Hong Kong High School Students Regarding University Choices after 2019</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuanyuan%20Song">Yuanyuan Song</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Following the 2019 protests in Hong Kong, significant shifts occurred within society. This study aims to explore whether these events have had an impact on the university preferences of high school students. To delve into these questions, this research immerses itself in the forefront of Hong Kong's educational landscape. It encompasses field studies, interviews, and questionnaires administered to a diverse range of Hong Kong students, as well as their parents and teachers. The findings uncover that the majority of local Hong Kong students and parents possess a limited understanding of mainland China, and this perception has further soured since 2019. Interestingly, the inclination towards pursuing overseas education, particularly in countries like the UK and Australia, has experienced a steady rise. This trend persists despite the fact that esteemed Chinese universities extend preferential admissions policies to Hong Kong students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education" title="higher education">higher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=university%20choices" title=" university choices"> university choices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20sociology" title=" educational sociology"> educational sociology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20in%20Hongkong" title=" education in Hongkong"> education in Hongkong</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172226/examining-the-decision-making-process-of-hong-kong-high-school-students-regarding-university-choices-after-2019" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172226.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">704</span> Thermal Performance and Environmental Assessment of Evaporative Cooling Systems: Case of Mina Valley, Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Alharbi">A. Alharbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Boukhanouf"> R. Boukhanouf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Habeebullah"> T. Habeebullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ibrahim"> H. Ibrahim </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a detailed description of evaporative cooling systems used for space cooling in Mina Valley, Saudi Arabia. The thermal performance and environmental impact of the evaporative coolers were evaluated. It was found that the evaporative cooling systems used for space cooling in pilgrims’ accommodations and in the train stations could reduce energy consumption by as much as 75% and cut carbon dioxide emission by 78% compared to traditional vapour compression systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaporative%20cooling" title="evaporative cooling">evaporative cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vapor%20compression" title=" vapor compression"> vapor compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electricity%20consumption" title=" electricity consumption"> electricity consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO2%20emission" title=" CO2 emission"> CO2 emission</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9649/thermal-performance-and-environmental-assessment-of-evaporative-cooling-systems-case-of-mina-valley-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9649.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">703</span> The Money Supply Effect on Hong Kong’s Post-1997 Asian Financial Crisis Property Market</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keith%20Dominic%20T.%20Li">Keith Dominic T. Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The soaring prices of residential properties in Hong Kong has become a social problem that even the middle class is having dif?iculties in purchasing homes. In making policies to curb the prices, it is important to determine the factors that contribute to the property in?lation. Many researches attribute this in?lation to macroeconomic factors especially the interest rate. However, it is important to remember that Hong Kong is under a Currency Board system which makes its interest rate exogenously determined. This research aims to show the signi?icance of the money supply on Hong Kong residential property prices in post-1997 Asian Financial Crisis period. Using money supply data, macroeconomic fundamentals, and demographic variables from 2000Q1 to 2013Q2, the factors contributed to residential property price in?lation are estimated to calculate the share of each explanatory variable in disparity. It is found that the Hong Kong property market is mainly driven by investment and that the in?lation on Hong Kong residential property prices can explained by the increase in the Hang Seng Index and in the money supply M2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20estate" title="real estate">real estate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong" title=" Hong Kong"> Hong Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=property%20market" title=" property market"> property market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monetary%20economics" title=" monetary economics"> monetary economics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monetary%20policy" title=" monetary policy"> monetary policy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20432/the-money-supply-effect-on-hong-kongs-post-1997-asian-financial-crisis-property-market" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20432.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">533</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">702</span> Sedimentological Study of Bivalve Fossils Site Locality in Hong Hoi Formation in Lampang, Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kritsada%20Moonpa">Kritsada Moonpa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kannipa%20Motanated"> Kannipa Motanated</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weerapan%20Srichan"> Weerapan Srichan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hong Hoi Formation is a Middle Triassic deep marine succession presented in outcrops throughout the Lampang Basin of northern Thailand. The primary goal of this research is to diagnose the paleoenvironment, petrographic compositions, and sedimentary sources of the Hong Hoi Formation in Ban Huat, Ngao District. The Triassic Hong Hoi Formation is chosen because the outcrops are continuous and fossils are greatly exposed and abundant. Depositional environment is reconstructed through sedimentological studies along with facies analysis. The Hong Hoi Formation is petrographically divided into two major facies, they are: sandstones with mudstone interbeds, and mudstones or shale with sandstone interbeds. Sandstone beds are lithic arenite and lithic greywacke, volcanic lithic fragments are dominated. Sedimentary structures, paleocurrent data and lithofacies arrangement indicate that the formation deposited in a part of deep marine abyssal plain environment. The sedimentological and petrographic features suggest that during the deposition the Hong Hoi Formation received sediment supply from nearby volcanic arc. This suggested that the intensive volcanic activity within the Sukhothai Arc during the Middle Triassic is the main sediment source. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sukhothai%20zone" title="Sukhothai zone">Sukhothai zone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=petrography" title=" petrography"> petrography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Hoi%20formation" title=" Hong Hoi formation"> Hong Hoi formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lampang" title=" Lampang"> Lampang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Triassic" title=" Triassic"> Triassic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111476/sedimentological-study-of-bivalve-fossils-site-locality-in-hong-hoi-formation-in-lampang-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111476.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">213</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">701</span> Strategies to Mitigate Disasters at the Hajj Religious Festival Using GIS and Agent Based Modelling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muteb%20Alotaibi">Muteb Alotaibi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Graham%20Clarke"> Graham Clarke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nick%20Malleson"> Nick Malleson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Hajj religious festival at Mina in Saudi Arabia has always presented the opportunity for injuries or deaths. For example, in 1990, a stampede killed 1426 pilgrims, whilst in 1997, 343 people were killed and 1500 injured due to a fire fuelled by high winds sweeping through the tent city in Mina.Many more minor incidents have occurred since then. It is predicted that 5 million pilgrims will soon perform the ritual at Mina (which is, in effect, a temporary city built each year in the desert), which might lead in the future to severe congestion and accidents unless the research is conducted on actions that contribute positively to improving the management of the crowd and facilitating the flow of pilgrims safely and securely. To help prevent further disasters, it is important to first plan better, more accessible locations for emergency services across Mina to ensure a good service for pilgrims. In this paper, we first use a Location Allocation Model (LAM) within a network GIS to examine the optimal locations for key services in the temporary city of Mina. This has been undertaken in relation to the location and movement of the pilgrims during the six day religious festival. The results of various what-if scenarios have been compared against the current location of services. A major argument is that planners should be flexible and locate facilities at different locations throughout the day and night. The use of location-allocation models in this type of comparative static mode has rarely been operationalised in the literature. Second, we model pilgrim movements and behaviours along with the most crowded parts of the network. This has been modelled using an agent-based model. This model allows planners to understand the key bottlenecks in the network and at what usage levels the paths become critically congested. Thus the paper has important implications and recommendations for future disaster planning strategies. This will enable planners to see at what stage in the movements of pilgrims problems occur in terms of potential crushes and trampling incidents. The main application of this research was only customised for pedestrians as the concentration only for pedestrians who move to Jamarat via foot. Further, the network in the middle of Mina was only dedicated for pedestrians for safety, so no Buses, trains and private cars were allowed in this area to prevent the congestion within this network. Initially, this research focus on Mina city as ‘temporary city’ and also about service provision in temporary cities, which is not highlighted in literature so far. Further, it is the first study which use the dynamic demand to optimise the services in the case of day and night time. Moreover, it is the first study which link the location allocation model for optimising services with ABM to find out whether or not the service location is located in the proper location in which it’s not affecting on crowd movement in mainstream flow where some pilgrims need to have health services. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ABM" title="ABM">ABM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crowd%20management" title=" crowd management"> crowd management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hajj" title=" hajj"> hajj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temporary%20city" title=" temporary city"> temporary city</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150925/strategies-to-mitigate-disasters-at-the-hajj-religious-festival-using-gis-and-agent-based-modelling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150925.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">700</span> Genres as Time Machines: Hong Kong Cinema's Ways of Historicizing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chin%20Pang%20Lei">Chin Pang Lei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Colonized by the UK, handed over to China, and now as a global financial city, Hong Kong’s history is never easy to write under the dominant discourses of colonialism, nationalism and globalization. In this plight, cinema, regarded as Hong Kong’s most representative cultural form, is used for writing, exploring and questioning the local history of the city. In their writing of the past, Hong Kong directors such as Wong Kar-wai, Stanley Kwan and Tsui Hark have demonstrated alternative ways of historicizing Hong Kong. Despite their interests in different periods of time (Wong is obsessed with the 1960s; Kwan is attracted to the 1930s; Tsui often goes back to the early 20th century), all these directors use genres as their time machines to revisit the past. As a popular cultural form, genres always come with a series of ideologies which define our lives and explain the society. Hence, in a changing society, genres change and complicate themselves with different packages of meanings. Genres function as open-ended and corrigible schemata which can contain multiple themes and various meanings. In Hong Kong, genres, often seen as highly commercial and overly market-oriented, are opportunities for alternative history writing and the exploration of local identities. This paper examines how these Hong Kong directors use the popular forms of genres, such as melodrama, martial art and gangster films, to present the past, and how the stories of the fictional characters, such as prostitutes, martial artists and jobless hooligans mobilize imagination of history. These texts show that genre is a crucial platform for Hong Kong’s post-colonial self-writing. Via genres, history in these films is against official and canonical history as well as grand narrative. Genres as time machines articulate a voice for Hong Kong. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong%20cinema" title="Hong Kong cinema">Hong Kong cinema</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genre" title=" genre"> genre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historicizing" title=" historicizing"> historicizing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20history" title=" local history"> local history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wong%20Kar-Wai" title=" Wong Kar-Wai"> Wong Kar-Wai</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86950/genres-as-time-machines-hong-kong-cinemas-ways-of-historicizing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86950.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">699</span> Deciphering Chinese Calligraphy as the Architectural Essence of Tao Fong Shan Christian Center in Hong Kong</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chak%20Kwong%20Lau">Chak Kwong Lau</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many buildings in Hong Kong are graced with enchanting works of Chinese calligraphy. An excellent example is Tao Fong Shan Christian Center founded by a Norwegian missionary, Karl Ludvig Reichelt (1877-1952) in 1930. Adorned with many inspiring works of Chinese calligraphy, the center functions as a place for the study of Christianity where people of different religions can meet to have religious discussions and intellectual exchanges. This paper examines the pivotal role played by Chinese calligraphy in creating a significant context for the center to fulfill her visions and missions. The methodology of this research involves stylistic and textual analyses of works of calligraphy, in particular through an examination and interpretation of their extended meanings in terms of architectural symbology and social and cultural contexts. Findings showed that Chinese calligraphy was effectively used as a powerful vehicle for a purposeful development of contextual Christian spirituality in Hong Kong. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20calligraphy" title="Chinese calligraphy">Chinese calligraphy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong%20architecture" title=" Hong Kong architecture"> Hong Kong architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong%20calligraphy" title=" Hong Kong calligraphy"> Hong Kong calligraphy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johannes%20Prip-M%C3%B8ller" title=" Johannes Prip-Møller"> Johannes Prip-Møller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karl%20Ludvig%20Reichelt" title=" Karl Ludvig Reichelt"> Karl Ludvig Reichelt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norwegian%20missionary" title=" Norwegian missionary"> Norwegian missionary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Fong%20Shan%20Christian%20Center" title=" Tao Fong Shan Christian Center"> Tao Fong Shan Christian Center</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20Chinese%20architecture" title=" traditional Chinese architecture"> traditional Chinese architecture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103051/deciphering-chinese-calligraphy-as-the-architectural-essence-of-tao-fong-shan-christian-center-in-hong-kong" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103051.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">698</span> Functions of Bilingualism in Hong Kong: Comparing the Linguistic Landscape of Tsim Sha Tsui and Tai Wai</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinyi%20Huang">Xinyi Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a former British colony and one of the most famous world financial centers today, Hong Kong attracts countless businessmen and tourists to visit or settle down every year. Hong Kong is a land that leads western culture to blossom in Asia, and in the meantime, it inherits the unique charm of Chinese traditional culture. The Chinese-English bilingual phenomenon can be seen everywhere in Hong Kong. The public presentation, code choice, and practical use of these two languages can also reflect the economic and social status, population distribution, and individual identity construction of a specific area. This paper mainly compares the linguistic landscape of two areas with different social functions in Hong Kong: Tsim Sha Tsui, a large commercial center in Kowloon, and Tai Wai, a residential area in New Territories. By adopting the methodology of the Walking Tour, the bilingual data of 75 photos are collected unintentionally during the field trip in the two areas. Through the methods of quantitative analysis and linguistic landscape studies, this paper deeply analyzes the similarities and differences in language distribution and the respective social functions of two languages in the two places. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilingualism" title="bilingualism">bilingualism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linguistic%20landscape" title=" linguistic landscape"> linguistic landscape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity%20construction" title=" identity construction"> identity construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commodification" title=" commodification"> commodification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156287/functions-of-bilingualism-in-hong-kong-comparing-the-linguistic-landscape-of-tsim-sha-tsui-and-tai-wai" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156287.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">697</span> Gendering the Political Crisis in Hong Kong: A Cultural Analysis of Spectatorship on Marvel Superhero Movies in Hong Kong </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chi%20S.%20Lee">Chi S. Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Marvel superhero movies have obtained its unprecedented popularity around the globe. It is a dominant narrative in current scholarship on superhero studies that the political trauma of America, such as attack of September 11, and the masculinity represented in superhero genre are symbolically connected in a way of remasculinization, a standardized plot that before becoming a superhero, a man has to overcome its trauma in his life. Through this standardized plot, American audience finds their pleasure in the spectatorship of equating this plot of remasculinization with the situation of America, rewriting their traumatic memory and resolving around the economic, social, political, and psychological instability of precarity in their own context. Shifting the context to Hong Kong, where Marvel superhero movies have been reaching its dominant status in the local film market, this analysis finds its limitation in explaining the connection between text and context. This article aims to retain this connection through investigation of the Hong Kong audience’s spectatorship. It is argued that the masculinity represented in Marvel superhero movies no longer fits into the stereotypical image of superhero, but presents itself in crisis. This crisis is resolved by the technological excess of the superpower, namely, technological remasculinization. The technological remasculinization offers a sense of futurity through which it is felt that this remasculinization can be achieved in the foreseeable future instead of remaining imaginary and fictional. In this way, the political crisis of Hong Kong is gendered as masculinity in crisis which is worth being remasculinized in the future. This gendering process is a historical product as the symbolic equation between politics and masculinity has for long been encoded in the colonial history of Hong Kong. In short, Marvel superhero’s masculinity offers a sense of masculine hope for the Hong Kong audiences to overcome the political crisis they confront in reality through a postponed identification with the superhero’s masculinity. After the discussion of the Hong Kong audience’s spectatorship on Marvel superhero movies with the insights casted by spectatorship theory, above idea is generated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20crisis%20in%20Hong%20Kong" title="political crisis in Hong Kong">political crisis in Hong Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marvel%20superhero%20movies" title=" Marvel superhero movies"> Marvel superhero movies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectatorship" title=" spectatorship"> spectatorship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technological%20remasculinization" title=" technological remasculinization"> technological remasculinization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96181/gendering-the-political-crisis-in-hong-kong-a-cultural-analysis-of-spectatorship-on-marvel-superhero-movies-in-hong-kong" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96181.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">696</span> Chinese Speakers’ Language Attitudes Towards English Accents: Comparing Mainland and Hong Kong English Major Students’ Accent Preferences in ELF Communication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiaqi%20XU">Jiaqi XU</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qingru%20Sun"> Qingru Sun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Accent plays a crucial role in second language (L2) learners’ performance in the schooling context in the era of globalization, where English is adopted as a lingua franca (ELF). Previous studies found that Chinese mainland students prefer American English accents, whereas the young generations in Hong Kong prefer British accents. However, these studies neglect the non-native accents of English and fail to elaborate much about why the L2 learners differ in accent preferences between the two regions. Therefore, this research aims to bridge the research gap by 1) including both native and non-native varieties of English accents: American accent, British accent, Chinese Mandarin English accent, and Hong Kong English accent; and 2) uncovering and comparing the deeper reasons for the similar or/and different accent preferences between the Chinese mainland and Hong Kong speakers. This research designed a questionnaire including objective and subjective questions to investigate the students’ accent inclinations and the attitudes and reasons behind their linguistic choices. The questionnaire was distributed to eight participants (4 Chinese mainland students and 4 Hong Kong students) who were postgraduate students at a Hong Kong university. Based on the data collection, this research finds out one similarity and two differences between the Chinese mainland and Hong Kong students’ attitudes. The theories of identity construction and standard language ideology are further applied to analyze the reasons behind the similarities and differences and to evaluate how language attitudes intertwine with their identity construction and language ideology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accent" title="accent">accent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20attitudes" title=" language attitudes"> language attitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity%20construction" title=" identity construction"> identity construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20ideology" title=" language ideology"> language ideology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ELF%20communication" title=" ELF communication"> ELF communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167639/chinese-speakers-language-attitudes-towards-english-accents-comparing-mainland-and-hong-kong-english-major-students-accent-preferences-in-elf-communication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167639.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">695</span> Alignment and Antagonism in Flux: A Diachronic Sentiment Analysis of Attitudes towards the Chinese Mainland in the Hong Kong Press</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=William%20Feng">William Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qingyu%20Gao"> Qingyu Gao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the extensive discussions about Hong Kong’s sentiments towards the Chinese Mainland since the sovereignty transfer in 1997, there has been no large-scale empirical analysis of the changing attitudes in the mainstream media, which both reflect and shape sentiments in the society. To address this gap, the present study uses an optimised semantic-based automatic sentiment analysis method to examine a corpus of news about China from 1997 to 2020 in three main Chinese-language newspapers in Hong Kong, namely Apple Daily, Ming Pao, and Oriental Daily News. The analysis shows that although the Hong Kong press had a positive emotional tone toward China in general, the overall trend of sentiment was becoming increasingly negative. Meanwhile, the alignment and antagonism toward China have both increased, providing empirical evidence of attitudinal polarisation in the Hong Kong society. Specifically, Apple Daily’s depictions of China have become increasingly negative, though with some positive turns before 2008, whilst Oriental Daily News has consistently expressed more favourable sentiments. Ming Pao maintained an impartial stance toward China through an increased but balanced representation of positive and negative sentiments, with its subjectivity and sentiment intensity growing to an industry-standard level. The results provide new insights into the complexity of sentiments towards China in the Hong Kong press and media attitudes in general in terms of the “us” and “them” positioning by explicating the cross-newspaper and cross-period variations using an enhanced sentiment analysis method which incorporates sentiment-oriented and semantic role analysis techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media%20attitude" title="media attitude">media attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sentiment%20analysis" title=" sentiment analysis"> sentiment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong%20press" title=" Hong Kong press"> Hong Kong press</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=one%20country%20two%20systems" title=" one country two systems"> one country two systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164965/alignment-and-antagonism-in-flux-a-diachronic-sentiment-analysis-of-attitudes-towards-the-chinese-mainland-in-the-hong-kong-press" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164965.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">694</span> Analysis on Urban Form and Evolution Mechanism of High-Density City: Case Study of Hong Kong</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan%20Zhang">Yuan Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Along with large population and great demands for urban development, Hong Kong serves as a typical high-density city with multiple altitudes, advanced three-dimensional traffic system, rich city open space, etc. This paper contributes to analyzing its complex urban form and evolution mechanism from three aspects of view, separately as time, space and buildings. Taking both horizontal and vertical dimension into consideration, this paper provides a perspective to explore the fascinating process of growing and space folding in the urban form of high-density city, also as a research reference for related high-density urban design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evolution%20mechanism" title="evolution mechanism">evolution mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-density%20city" title=" high-density city"> high-density city</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong" title=" Hong Kong"> Hong Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20form" title=" urban form"> urban form</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71241/analysis-on-urban-form-and-evolution-mechanism-of-high-density-city-case-study-of-hong-kong" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">693</span> Teacher’s Perception of Dalcroze Method Course as Teacher’s Enhancement Course: A Case Study in Hong Kong</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ka%20Lei%20Au">Ka Lei Au</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Dalcroze method has been emerging in music classrooms, and music teachers are encouraged to integrate music and movement in their teaching. Music programs in colleges in Hong Kong have been introducing method courses such as Orff and Dalcroze method in music teaching as teacher’s education program. Since the targeted students of the course are music teachers who are making the decision of what approach to use in their classroom, their perception is significantly valued to identify how this approach is applicable in their teaching in regards to the teaching and learning culture and environment. This qualitative study aims to explore how the Dalcroze method as a teacher’s education course is perceived by music teachers from three aspects: 1) application in music teaching, 2) self-enhancement, 3) expectation. Through the lens of music teachers, data were collected from 30 music teachers who are taking the Dalcroze method course in music teaching in Hong Kong by the survey. The findings reveal the value and their intention of the Dalcroze method in Hong Kong. It also provides a significant reference for better development of such courses in the future in adaption to the culture, teaching and learning environment and teacher’s, student’s and parent’s perception of this approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalcroze%20method" title="Dalcroze method">Dalcroze method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20teaching" title=" music teaching"> music teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception" title=" perception"> perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-enhancement" title=" self-enhancement"> self-enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%E2%80%99s%20education" title=" teacher’s education"> teacher’s education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146561/teachers-perception-of-dalcroze-method-course-as-teachers-enhancement-course-a-case-study-in-hong-kong" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146561.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">692</span> A Comparison of Short- and Long-Haul Vacation Tourists on Evaluation of Attractiveness: The Case of Hong Kong</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhaoyu%20Chen">Zhaoyu Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, an attempt was made to find reasons why tourists go to particular attractions. Tourists may be either motivated by the attractions or simply make the choice to satisfy their needs and desires. Based on the attractions in Hong Kong, this research was conducted to explore the attraction-related concepts to discuss how the attraction system works. Due to the limited studies on exploring the attractiveness of attractions through tourist movement patterns, the study aims to evaluate such indicators to determine whether tourists are motivated by attractiveness or their own needs. The investigation is conducted through the comparison of different source markets - Mainland China, short haul markets (excluding Mainland China) and long haul markets. The latest finding of Departing Visitor Survey (DVS) implemented by the Hong Kong Tourism Board (HKTB) is employed for the analysis. Various tourist movement patterns are drawn from the practical data. The managerial implication to destination management organizations (DMOs) is suggested to better allocate attractions according to the needs of tourists. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attractions" title="attractions">attractions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attraction%20system" title=" attraction system"> attraction system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong" title=" Hong Kong"> Hong Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourist%20movement%20patterns" title=" tourist movement patterns"> tourist movement patterns</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78544/a-comparison-of-short-and-long-haul-vacation-tourists-on-evaluation-of-attractiveness-the-case-of-hong-kong" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78544.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">515</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">691</span> Hong Kong Artists Public Communication of Mental Health Disorders and Coping Techniques - Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20Portugal%20Marques%20de%20Carvalho%20Lourenco">Patricia Portugal Marques de Carvalho Lourenco</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Money, status, beauty, popularity, widespread public adulation, glitz and glamour portray a perfumed stress-free existence yet not every rock that glitters is a gold nugget and mental disorders are not an exclusivity of middle/low societal classes. Mental illnesses do not discriminate, and behind the superficial visual wealth of the upper-class, there are human beings who experience the ups and downs of life like any other person, except that publicly rather than privately and with an array of fingers pointing at them instead of a mere few. Sammi Cheung, Carina Lau, Fiona Sit, Kara Hui and Louis Cheung are a number of Hong Kong artists that have battled mental disorders, overcame them and used the process to openly discuss the still existing taboo. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20disorders" title="mental disorders">mental disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health" title=" mental health"> mental health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20communication" title=" public communication"> public communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depression" title=" depression"> depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hong%20kong%20artists" title=" hong kong artists"> hong kong artists</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147593/hong-kong-artists-public-communication-of-mental-health-disorders-and-coping-techniques-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">690</span> Conflicts and Complexities: a Study of Hong Kong's Bilingual Street Signs from Functional Perspective on Translation </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ge%20Song">Ge Song</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hong Kong’s bilingual street signs declare a kind of correspondence, equivalence and thus translation between the English and Chinese languages. This study finds four translation phenomena among the street signs: domestication with positive connotation, foreignization with negative connotation, bilingual incompatibilities, and cross-street complexities. The interplay of, and the tension between, the four features open up a space where the local and the foreign, the vulgar and the elegant, alternate and experiment with each other, creating a kaleidoscope of methods for expressing and domesticating foreign otherness by virtue of translation. An analysis of the phenomena from the functional perspective reveals how translation has been emancipated to inform a variety of dimensions. This study also renews our understanding of translation as both a concept and a practice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20signs" title="street signs">street signs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linguistic%20landscape" title=" linguistic landscape"> linguistic landscape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20hybridity" title=" cultural hybridity"> cultural hybridity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong" title=" Hong Kong"> Hong Kong</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120581/conflicts-and-complexities-a-study-of-hong-kongs-bilingual-street-signs-from-functional-perspective-on-translation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120581.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">211</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">689</span> Reform of the Law Relating to Personal Property Security</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%20Lian%20Yap">Ji Lian Yap</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper will critically consider developments in 2014 in relation to the law relating to security over personal property in Hong Kong. The rules governing the registration of charges under the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance will be examined. Case law relating to personal property security will also be discussed. The transplantation of the floating charge into China’s Property Law will also be considered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20property" title="personal property">personal property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20law" title=" security law"> security law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reform%20of%20the%20law" title=" reform of the law"> reform of the law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=law" title=" law"> law</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19040/reform-of-the-law-relating-to-personal-property-security" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">425</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">688</span> Statistical Modeling and by Artificial Neural Networks of Suspended Sediment Mina River Watershed at Wadi El-Abtal Gauging Station (Northern Algeria)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Redhouane%20Ghernaout">Redhouane Ghernaout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amira%20Fredj"> Amira Fredj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boualem%20Remini"> Boualem Remini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Suspended sediment transport is a serious problem worldwide, but it is much more worrying in certain regions of the world, as is the case in the Maghreb and more particularly in Algeria. It continues to take disturbing proportions in Northern Algeria due to the variability of rains in time and in space and constant deterioration of vegetation. Its prediction is essential in order to identify its intensity and define the necessary actions for its reduction. The purpose of this study is to analyze the concentration data of suspended sediment measured at Wadi El-Abtal Hydrometric Station. It also aims to find and highlight regressive power relationships, which can explain the suspended solid flow by the measured liquid flow. The study strives to find models of artificial neural networks linking the flow, month and precipitation parameters with solid flow. The obtained results show that the power function of the solid transport rating curve and the models of artificial neural networks are appropriate methods for analysing and estimating suspended sediment transport in Wadi Mina at Wadi El-Abtal Hydrometric Station. They made it possible to identify in a fairly conclusive manner the model of neural networks with four input parameters: the liquid flow Q, the month and the daily precipitation measured at the representative stations (Frenda 013002 and Ain El-Hadid 013004 ) of the watershed. The model thus obtained makes it possible to estimate the daily solid flows (interpolate and extrapolate) even beyond the period of observation of solid flows (1985/86 to 1999/00), given the availability of the average daily liquid flows and daily precipitation since 1953/1954. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suspended%20sediment" title="suspended sediment">suspended sediment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentration" title=" concentration"> concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regression" title=" regression"> regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20flow" title=" liquid flow"> liquid flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20flow" title=" solid flow"> solid flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20network" title=" artificial neural network"> artificial neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mina" title=" mina"> mina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algeria" title=" algeria"> algeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173383/statistical-modeling-and-by-artificial-neural-networks-of-suspended-sediment-mina-river-watershed-at-wadi-el-abtal-gauging-station-northern-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173383.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">687</span> The Experiences of Hong Kong Chinese Divorced Wives in Facing the Cancer Death of Their Ex-Husbands </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20L.%20Yeung">M. L. Yeung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the surge of divorce rate and male cancer onset/death rates, the phenomenon of divorced wives in the facing cancer death of their ex-husbands is not uncommon in Hong Kong. Yet, there is a dearth of study on the experiences of bereaved-divorced wives in the Hong Kong cultural context. This project fills the knowledge gap by conducting a qualitative study for having interviewed four bereaved ex-wives, who returned to ex-husbands’ end-of-life caregiving and eventually grieved for the ex-spousal’s death. From the perspectives of attachment theory and disenfranchised grief in the Hong Kong cultural context, a ‘double-loss’ experience is found in which interviewees suffer from the first loss of divorce and the second loss of ex-husbands’ death. Traumatic childhood experiences, attachment needs, role ambiguity, unresolved emotions and unrecognized grief are found significant in their lived experiences which alert the ‘double-loss’ is worthy of attention. Extending a family-centered end-of-life and bereavement care services to divorced couples is called for, in which validation on the attachment needs, ex-couple reconciliation, and acknowledgement on the disenfranchised grief are essential for social work practice on this group of clienteles specifically in Hong Kong cultural context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=changing%20family" title="changing family">changing family</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disenfranchised%20grief" title=" disenfranchised grief"> disenfranchised grief</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=divorce" title=" divorce"> divorce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ex-spousal%20death" title=" ex-spousal death"> ex-spousal death</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marriage" title=" marriage"> marriage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75624/the-experiences-of-hong-kong-chinese-divorced-wives-in-facing-the-cancer-death-of-their-ex-husbands" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">686</span> The Planning Criteria of Block-Unit Redevelopment to Improve Residential Environment: Focused on Redevelopment Project in Seoul </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong-Nam%20Choi">Hong-Nam Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyeong-Wook%20Song"> Hyeong-Wook Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sungwan%20Hong"> Sungwan Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong-Kyu%20Kim"> Hong-Kyu Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Korea, elements that decide the quality of residential environment are not only diverse, but show deviation as well. However, people do not consider these elements and instead, they try to settle the uniformed style of residential environment, which focuses on the construction development of apartment housing and business based plans. Recently, block-unit redevelopment is becoming the standout alternative plan of standardize redevelopment projects, but constructions become inefficient because of indefinite planning criteria. In conclusion, the following research is about analyzing and categorizing the development method and legal ground of redevelopment project district, plan determinant and applicable standard. The purpose of this study is to become a basis in compatible analysis of planning standards that will happen in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shape%20restrictions" title="shape restrictions">shape restrictions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=improvement%20of%20regulation" title=" improvement of regulation"> improvement of regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diversity%20of%20residential%20environment" title=" diversity of residential environment"> diversity of residential environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification%20of%20redevelopment%20project" title=" classification of redevelopment project"> classification of redevelopment project</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planning%20criteria%20of%20redevelopment" title=" planning criteria of redevelopment"> planning criteria of redevelopment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=special%20architectural%20district%20%28SAD%29" title=" special architectural district (SAD) "> special architectural district (SAD) </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3611/the-planning-criteria-of-block-unit-redevelopment-to-improve-residential-environment-focused-on-redevelopment-project-in-seoul" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3611.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">485</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">685</span> Comparing the Uptake of Seasonal Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccines among Older Adults in Australia and Hong Kong between 2016 and 2018</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lynne%20Briggs">Lynne Briggs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20Fronek"> Patricia Fronek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Judy%20Siu."> Judy Siu.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This qualitative study aimed to gain a better understanding of the perceptions and barriers to receiving seasonal influenza and pneumococcal vaccines among Australian and Hong Kong adults aged ≥ 65 years. The findings showed that vaccine uptake for the two diseases was lower in Hong Kong than in Australia. Common and divergent issues identified included the impact of different health systems, the promotion of vaccination by health professionals, beliefs about hospitals and clinics, traditional and alternative medicines, perceptions of risk, and personal responsibility. Objective of the research: The objective of this comparison study was to gain a better understanding of the perceptions and barriers to receiving seasonal influenza and pneumococcal vaccines among Australian and Hong Kong adults aged ≥ 65 years. Methodology: This qualitative study used semi structured face to face interviews for data collection in both countries. Thematic analysis of the data allowed for a comparison of the main themes identified across the two countries. Main Contribution of the Research: Differences in vaccine uptake between Australian and Hong Kong was attributable to differing health systems, including access, prevention, socioeconomic status, and cultural attitudes. Understanding the needs of older people would enhance vaccine uptake for these two preventable diseases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influenza%20vaccine%20uptake" title="influenza vaccine uptake">influenza vaccine uptake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pneumonia%20vaccine%20uptake" title=" pneumonia vaccine uptake"> pneumonia vaccine uptake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vaccination%20of%20the%20elderly" title=" vaccination of the elderly"> vaccination of the elderly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hesitancy%20vaccine" title=" hesitancy vaccine"> hesitancy vaccine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152146/comparing-the-uptake-of-seasonal-influenza-and-pneumococcal-vaccines-among-older-adults-in-australia-and-hong-kong-between-2016-and-2018" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152146.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">684</span> Changing Employment Relations Practices in Hong Kong: Cases of Two Multinational Retail Banks since 1997</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teresa%20Shuk-Ching%20Poon">Teresa Shuk-Ching Poon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper sets out to examine the changing employment relations practices in Hong Kong’s retail banking sector over a period of more than 10 years. The major objective of the research is to examine whether and to what extent local institutional influences have overshadowed global market forces in shaping strategic management decisions and employment relations practices in Hong Kong, with a view to drawing implications to comparative employment relations studies. Examining the changing pattern of employment relations, this paper finds the industrial relations strategic choice model (Kochan, McKersie and Cappelli, 1984) appropriate to use as a framework for the study. Four broad aspects of employment relations are examined, including work organisation and job design; staffing and labour adjustment; performance appraisal, compensation and employee development; and labour unions and employment relations. Changes in the employment relations practices in two multinational retail banks operated in Hong Kong are examined in detail. The retail banking sector in Hong Kong is chosen as a case to examine as it is a highly competitive segment in the financial service industry very much susceptible to global market influences. This is well illustrated by the fact that Hong Kong was hit hard by both the Asian and the Global Financial Crises. This sector is also subject to increasing institutional influences, especially after the return of Hong Kong’s sovereignty to the People’s Republic of China (PRC) since 1997. The case study method is used as it is a suitable research design able to capture the complex institutional and environmental context which is the subject-matter to be examined in the paper. The paper concludes that operation of the retail banks in Hong Kong has been subject to both institutional and global market changes at different points in time. Information obtained from the two cases examined tends to support the conclusion that the relative significance of institutional as against global market factors in influencing retail banks’ operation and their employment relations practices is depended very much on the time in which these influences emerged and the scale and intensity of these influences. This case study highlights the importance of placing comparative employment relations studies within a context where employment relations practices in different countries or different regions/cities within the same country could be examined and compared over a longer period of time to make the comparison more meaningful. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employment%20relations" title="employment relations">employment relations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20influences" title=" institutional influences"> institutional influences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20market%20forces" title=" global market forces"> global market forces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20management%20decisions" title=" strategic management decisions"> strategic management decisions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retail%20banks" title=" retail banks"> retail banks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong" title=" Hong Kong "> Hong Kong </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25229/changing-employment-relations-practices-in-hong-kong-cases-of-two-multinational-retail-banks-since-1997" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25229.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">683</span> Examining the Influences of Exchange Programmes on Youths' National Identity: A Hong Kong Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Annie%20Y.%20N.%20Cheng">Annie Y. N. Cheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the handover of Hong Kong to China, 'National Identity' has become a vital focus promoted by the HKSAR government. According to the poll by the University of Hong Kong’s Public Opinion Programme (2010 – 2015), young people aged between 18 and 29 have the least and decreasing recognition, an average 5.5%, of their Chinese identity. Past research has shown that student participation in exchange programmes and study tours provides the possibility of new formulations of national identity. Since the Policy Address 2008, the HKSAR government has been actively expanding and exploring the feasibility of Mainland exchange programmes to enhance our youths’ understanding of Chineseness and to strengthen their national identity. Schools have been sponsored or subsidized with the costs of Mainland exchange activities through various grants and channels. Considering the significantly increasing number of Hong Kong youths who have participated in these Mainland exchange programmes and study tours, however, the effectiveness of these activities is understudied. At present, there is the lack of systematic research on the impacts of these activities and the ways in which they influence our students’ perceptions of national identity. Using case study approach, this study aims to examine students’ perceptions of their national identity; and evaluate whether the Mainland exchange programmes or study tours have influences on students’ perceptions of national identity. Results show that the influences on national identity varied which were dependent on the objectives and destinations of the programmes. The findings of this study can provide significant feedback for schools to organize meaningful Mainland exchange activities or study tours and inform policy makers how to formulate effective strategies for promoting such exchange activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong%20youth" title="Hong Kong youth">Hong Kong youth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mainland%20exchange%20programme" title=" mainland exchange programme"> mainland exchange programme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20identity" title=" national identity"> national identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=study%20tours" title=" study tours"> study tours</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53431/examining-the-influences-of-exchange-programmes-on-youths-national-identity-a-hong-kong-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">682</span> A Comparative and Doctrinal Analysis towards the Investigation of a Right to Be Forgotten in Hong Kong</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jojo%20Y.%20C.%20Mo">Jojo Y. C. Mo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Memories are good. They remind us of people, places and experiences that we cherish. But memories cannot be changed and there may well be memories that we do not want to remember. This is particularly true in relation to information which causes us embarrassment and humiliation or simply because it is private – we all want to erase or delete such information. This desire to delete is recently recognised by the Court of Justice of the European Union in the 2014 case of Google Spain SL, Google Inc. v Agencia Española de Protección de Datos, Mario Costeja González in which the court ordered Google to remove links to some information about the complainant which he wished to be removed. This so-called ‘right to be forgotten’ received serious attention and significantly, the European Council and the European Parliament enacted the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) to provide a more structured and normative framework for implementation of right to be forgotten across the EU. This development in data protection laws will, undoubtedly, have significant impact on companies and co-operations not just within the EU but outside as well. Hong Kong, being one of the world’s leading financial and commercial center as well as one of the first jurisdictions in Asia to implement a comprehensive piece of data protection legislation, is therefore a jurisdiction that is worth looking into. This article/project aims to investigate the following: a) whether there is a right to be forgotten under the existing Hong Kong data protection legislation b) if not, whether such a provision is necessary and why. This article utilises a comparative methodology based on a study of primary and secondary resources, including scholarly articles, government and law commission reports and working papers and relevant international treaties, constitutional documents, case law and legislation. The author will primarily engage literature and case-law review as well as comparative and doctrinal analyses. The completion of this article will provide privacy researchers with more concrete principles and data to conduct further research on privacy and data protection in Hong Kong and internationally and will provide a basis for policy makers in assessing the rationale and need for a right to be forgotten in Hong Kong. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=privacy" title="privacy">privacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=right%20to%20be%20forgotten" title=" right to be forgotten"> right to be forgotten</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20protection" title=" data protection"> data protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong" title=" Hong Kong"> Hong Kong</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94692/a-comparative-and-doctrinal-analysis-towards-the-investigation-of-a-right-to-be-forgotten-in-hong-kong" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94692.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">681</span> A Socio-political Analysis of Mindfulness Practice in Hong Kong</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pinqiao%20Wang">Pinqiao Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mindfulness, derived from Buddhism, has been developed to improve individuals' well-being, first in the West and then gaining growing popularity in Asia. Numerous research studies have proven the effectiveness of mindfulness among clinical groups and the public all over the world. However, as enthusiasm surges, reflections on mindfulness and its commodification and instrumentalization arise. Hong Kong was seen as the model of a free market by neoliberal economists. The relationships between its socioeconomic neoliberalism, Western-inspired democracy aspiration, and political harmonization with China Mainland have been fraught with tensions, which have been further exacerbated by socio-political changes since the 2010s. Under such circumstances, mental health problems have come into the spotlight in Hong Kong recently. Mindfulness has gained growing popularity in Hong Kong, with its influence reaching from primary schools to corporate settings. A more comprehensive socio-political analysis of mindfulness within the Hong Kong context warrants further exploration. Drawing on interview responses from mindfulness practitioners, we examine the connections between the ideologies underlying mindfulness and contemporary capitalist society. On the one hand, mindfulness focuses on the present moment and self-improvement, representing neoliberal capitalist spirituality and reinforcing existing power relations. On the other hand, mindfulness fosters the acceptance of difference, which is argued to demonstrate the potential for advancing democracy at both the individual and community levels. Academically, this research provides empirical evidence to advance the current discussions and debates surrounding the socio-political potential of mindfulness. Practically, it serves as a reflection on mindfulness practices to optimize their impact on individuals and society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neoliberal%20subjectivity" title="neoliberal subjectivity">neoliberal subjectivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualitative%20analysis" title=" qualitative analysis"> qualitative analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20construction" title=" social construction"> social construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technologies%20of%20the%20self" title=" technologies of the self"> technologies of the self</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=therapeutic%20culture" title=" therapeutic culture"> therapeutic culture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182759/a-socio-political-analysis-of-mindfulness-practice-in-hong-kong" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182759.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">680</span> Effects of Political, Economic and Educational Considerations on Medium of Instruction (MOI) Policy in Asia: A Hong Kong Example </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edward%20Y.%20W.%20Chu">Edward Y. W. Chu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper exemplifies how the political and educational considerations have shaped the heavy-handed MOI policy in Hong Kong after its handover to China in 1997. Its result, a significant degeneration of English standard among the non-elite students, will be reported based on a detailed analysis of the public exam statistics available and other empirical studies. The remedial action taken by the Education Bureau out of the economic and educational considerations will be reported with reference to the official documents. The political, economic and educational considerations exemplified in different stages of Mother-tongue MOI policy in Hong Kong are found to be influential in the MOI policy in other Asian countries as well. For example, out of rapid internationalization and marketization, there has been increasing adoption of English as the MOI in post-secondary institutions in China, Japan & South Korea. On the other hand, while colonial languages were firmly made as the MOI in former colonies such as Vietnam and India, they were greatly retrieved upon independence for political and educational reasons. Malaysia also followed the same pattern upon independence but re-introduced partial English MOI policy in late 90s hoping to capitalize favourable globalization benefits. The short-lived policy was abandoned in 2009 because of the perceived political threat of national identity as well as the lack of educational effectiveness. Based on the great majority of Asian countries studied, this paper argues that MOI policy in Asia is much more than an educational issue, and that there is a clear pattern of how decisions of MOI matters are made. Studying the history and development of MOI in Hong Kong and other Asian countries provides a unique angle to view of how Asian countries prepare for the political, economic and educational challenges nowadays. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economics" title="economics">economics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong" title=" Hong Kong"> Hong Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medium%20of%20instruction" title=" medium of instruction"> medium of instruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=politics" title=" politics"> politics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40280/effects-of-political-economic-and-educational-considerations-on-medium-of-instruction-moi-policy-in-asia-a-hong-kong-example" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40280.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">498</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">679</span> Teachers' Views on Mother Tongue Language Curriculum Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wai%20Ha%20Leung">Wai Ha Leung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mother tongue language (MTL) curriculum is core to school education in most countries/regions' school curriculum. Through mother tongue language learning, students are expected to enhance their understanding of the nation's culture and foster the sense of cultural and ethnic identity. However, MTL education in Hong Kong is complicated by the colonial history. This study examines Hong Kong Chinese language teachers' perceptions of MTL education, and the implication on MTL curriculum development. The questionnaire was administrated to 97 teachers, and interviews were carried out on 17 teachers. Usually, MTL is both the tool with which knowledge and skills are taught and learned and the vehicle for students to learn about the traditions of the countries' literature and culture. In Hong Kong, 95% of the population is of Chinese descent. Traditionally, education in China was a mixture of philosophy, history, politics and literacy. Chinese as an MTL subject in pre-colonial Hong Kong has always been assigned the mission of developing students' cultural identity in addition to the development of linguistic proficiency. During the colonial period, the Chinese Language curriculum shifted to be more language skills based with less emphasis on Chinese culture and moral education. After the sovereignty of Hong Kong was returned to China in 1997, although a new curriculum was implemented in 2002, teaching and learning in school as well as public examinations seem to be remaining language skills oriented instead of culturally based. This deviation from the trend of both Chinese traditional education and global mother tongue language education makes some Chinese language teachers feel confused. In addition, there is comment that in general Hong Kong students' Chinese language proficiency is becoming weaker and weaker in recent years. Thus, effectiveness of the skills oriented language curriculum has come under question. How a language teacher views the aims and objectives of the language subject he or she is teaching has a direct effect on the curriculum delivery and pedagogies used. It is, therefore, important to investigate what is the language teachers' perception of MTL education, and whether the current school curriculum can meet the teachers' expectation as well as achieve the aims of MTL education. Given this context, this study explored the views of Hong Kong Chinese language teachers on MTL education. The data indicate that teachers showed a strong resentment towards the current curriculum. Results may have implications on mother tongue language curriculum development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20language%20education" title="Chinese language education">Chinese language education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curriculum%20development" title=" curriculum development"> curriculum development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mother%20tongue%20language%20education" title=" mother tongue language education"> mother tongue language education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teachers%27%20perception" title=" teachers' perception"> teachers' perception</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36797/teachers-views-on-mother-tongue-language-curriculum-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36797.pdf" target="_blank" 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