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href="#Operation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Operation </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Operation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Operation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Operation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Discovery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discovery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Discovery </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discovery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Offer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Offer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Offer </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Offer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Request" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Request"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Request </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Request-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Acknowledgement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acknowledgement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Acknowledgement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acknowledgement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Selecting_and_configuring_IP_addresses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Selecting_and_configuring_IP_addresses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Selecting and configuring IP addresses </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Selecting_and_configuring_IP_addresses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Information" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Information"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Information </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Information-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Releasing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Releasing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Releasing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Releasing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Client_configuration_parameters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Client_configuration_parameters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Client configuration parameters </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Client_configuration_parameters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Options" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Options"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Options </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Options-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Options subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Options-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-DHCP_message_types" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DHCP_message_types"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 DHCP message types </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DHCP_message_types-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Client_vendor_identification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Client_vendor_identification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1.1 Client vendor identification </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Client_vendor_identification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_extensions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_extensions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Other extensions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_extensions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Relay_agent_information_sub-options" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relay_agent_information_sub-options"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.1 Relay agent information sub-options </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relay_agent_information_sub-options-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relaying" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relaying"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Relaying </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relaying-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Client_states" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Client_states"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Client states </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Client_states-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reliability" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reliability"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Reliability </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reliability-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IPv6_networks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IPv6_networks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 IPv6 networks </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IPv6_networks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Security" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Security"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Security </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Security-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IETF_standards_documents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IETF_standards_documents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 IETF standards documents </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IETF_standards_documents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 55 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" > 55 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%AA%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B6%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="بروتوكول تهيئة المضيف الآلية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بروتوكول تهيئة المضيف الآلية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BCnaamiline_hostikonfiguratsiooni_protokoll" title="Dünaamiline hostikonfiguratsiooni protokoll – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Dünaamiline hostikonfiguratsiooni protokoll" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocolo_de_configuraci%C3%B3n_din%C3%A1mica_de_host" title="Protocolo de configuración dinámica de host – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Protocolo de configuración dinámica de host" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قرارداد پیکربندی پویای میزبان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قرارداد پیکربندی پویای میزبان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EC%A0%81_%ED%98%B8%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%EA%B5%AC%EC%84%B1_%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%ED%86%A0%EC%BD%9C" title="동적 호스트 구성 프로토콜 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="동적 호스트 구성 프로토콜" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%AF_%D5%B0%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%A9%D5%AB_%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B1%D6%87%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3_(DHCP)" title="Դինամիկ հոսթի կազմաձևման հաղորդակարգ (DHCP) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դինամիկ հոսթի կազմաձևման հաղորդակարգ (DHCP)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80" title="डीएचसीपी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="डीएचसीपी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protokol_Konfigurasi_Hos_Dinamik" title="Protokol Konfigurasi Hos Dinamik – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Protokol Konfigurasi Hos Dinamik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BE" title="ഡൈനാമിക് ഹോസ്റ്റ് കോൺഫിഗറേഷൻ പ്രോട്ടോകോൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഡൈനാമിക് ഹോസ്റ്റ് കോൺഫിഗറേഷൻ പ്രോട്ടോകോൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protokol_Konfigurasi_Hos_Dinamik" title="Protokol Konfigurasi Hos Dinamik – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Protokol Konfigurasi Hos Dinamik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Протокол за динамичко конфигурисање хоста – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Протокол за динамичко конфигурисање хоста" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88" title="இயங்குநிலை புரவன் உள்ளமைவு நெறிமுறை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இயங்குநிலை புரவன் உள்ளமைவு நெறிமுறை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5" title="ดีเอชซีพี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดีเอชซีพี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHCP" title="DHCP – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="DHCP" data-language-autonym="粵語" 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</div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Principal protocol used to assign IPv4 addresses on an IPv4 network</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"DHCP" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/DHCP_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="DHCP (disambiguation)">DHCP (disambiguation)</a>. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/HDCP" class="mw-redirect" title="HDCP">HDCP</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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.sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Internet_protocol_suite" title="Internet protocol suite">Internet protocol suite</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Application_layer" title="Application layer">Application layer</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Border_Gateway_Protocol" title="Border Gateway Protocol">BGP</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">DHCP</a> (<a href="/wiki/DHCPv6" title="DHCPv6">v6</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System">DNS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_Transfer_Protocol" title="File Transfer Protocol">FTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTTP" title="HTTP">HTTP</a> (<a href="/wiki/HTTP/3" title="HTTP/3">HTTP/3</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTTPS" title="HTTPS">HTTPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Message_Access_Protocol" title="Internet Message Access Protocol">IMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRC" title="IRC">IRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightweight_Directory_Access_Protocol" title="Lightweight Directory Access Protocol">LDAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_Gateway_Control_Protocol" title="Media Gateway Control Protocol">MGCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MQTT" title="MQTT">MQTT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_News_Transfer_Protocol" title="Network News Transfer Protocol">NNTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_Time_Protocol" title="Network Time Protocol">NTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Shortest_Path_First" title="Open Shortest Path First">OSPF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_Office_Protocol" title="Post Office Protocol">POP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precision_Time_Protocol" title="Precision Time Protocol">PTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Network_Computing_Remote_Procedure_Call" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Network Computing Remote Procedure Call">ONC/RPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real-time_Transport_Protocol" title="Real-time Transport Protocol">RTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Time_Streaming_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Real Time Streaming Protocol">RTSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Routing_Information_Protocol" title="Routing Information Protocol">RIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Session_Initiation_Protocol" title="Session Initiation Protocol">SIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol" title="Simple Mail Transfer Protocol">SMTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Network_Management_Protocol" title="Simple Network Management Protocol">SNMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secure_Shell" title="Secure Shell">SSH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telnet" title="Telnet">Telnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security" title="Transport Layer Security">TLS/SSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XMPP" title="XMPP">XMPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Application_layer_protocols" title="Category:Application layer protocols">more...</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Transport_layer" title="Transport layer">Transport layer</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol">TCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol" title="User Datagram Protocol">UDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datagram_Congestion_Control_Protocol" title="Datagram Congestion Control Protocol">DCCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stream_Control_Transmission_Protocol" title="Stream Control Transmission Protocol">SCTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resource_Reservation_Protocol" title="Resource Reservation Protocol">RSVP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QUIC" title="QUIC">QUIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Transport_layer_protocols" title="Category:Transport layer protocols">more...</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Internet_layer" title="Internet layer">Internet layer</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol">IP</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IPv4" title="IPv4">v4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">v6</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Control_Message_Protocol" title="Internet Control Message Protocol">ICMP</a> (<a href="/wiki/ICMPv6" title="ICMPv6">v6</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighbor_Discovery_Protocol" title="Neighbor Discovery Protocol">NDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explicit_Congestion_Notification" title="Explicit Congestion Notification">ECN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Group_Management_Protocol" title="Internet Group Management Protocol">IGMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPsec" title="IPsec">IPsec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Internet_layer_protocols" title="Category:Internet layer protocols">more...</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Link_layer" title="Link layer">Link layer</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Address_Resolution_Protocol" title="Address Resolution Protocol">ARP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunneling_protocol" title="Tunneling protocol">Tunnels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol">PPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medium_access_control" title="Medium access control">MAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Link_protocols" title="Category:Link protocols">more...</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Internet_protocol_suite" title="Template:Internet protocol suite"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Internet_protocol_suite" title="Template talk:Internet protocol suite"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Internet_protocol_suite" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Internet protocol suite"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a <a href="/wiki/Network_protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Network protocol">network management protocol</a> used on <a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol">Internet Protocol</a> (IP) networks for automatically assigning <a href="/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address">IP addresses</a> and other communication parameters to devices connected to the network using a <a href="/wiki/Client%E2%80%93server" class="mw-redirect" title="Client–server">client–server</a> architecture.<a href="#cite_note-TechTarget-1">[1]</a> The technology eliminates the need for individually configuring network devices manually, and consists of two network components, a centrally installed network DHCP <a href="/wiki/Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">server</a> and client instances of the <a href="/wiki/Protocol_stack" title="Protocol stack">protocol stack</a> on each computer or device. When connected to the network, and periodically thereafter, a client <a href="/wiki/Request%E2%80%93response" title="Request–response">requests</a> a set of parameters from the server using DHCP. DHCP can be implemented on networks ranging in size from <a href="/wiki/Residential_network" class="mw-redirect" title="Residential network">residential networks</a> to large <a href="/wiki/Campus_network" title="Campus network">campus networks</a> and regional ISP networks.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> Many <a href="/wiki/Router_(computing)" title="Router (computing)">routers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Residential_gateway" title="Residential gateway">residential gateways</a> have DHCP server capability. Most residential network routers receive a <a href="/wiki/Universally_unique_identifier" title="Universally unique identifier">unique</a> IP address within the ISP network. Within a local network, a DHCP server assigns a local IP address to each device. DHCP services exist for networks running <a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol_version_4" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Protocol version 4">Internet Protocol version 4</a> (IPv4), as well as version 6 (<a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a>). The IPv6 version of the DHCP protocol is commonly called <a href="/wiki/DHCPv6" title="DHCPv6">DHCPv6</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Reverse_Address_Resolution_Protocol" title="Reverse Address Resolution Protocol">Reverse Address Resolution Protocol</a> (RARP) was defined in 1984 for the configuration of simple devices, such as <a href="/wiki/Diskless_workstation" class="mw-redirect" title="Diskless workstation">diskless workstations</a>, with a suitable IP address.<a href="#cite_note-rfc903-3">[3]</a> Acting in the <a href="/wiki/Data_link_layer" title="Data link layer">data link layer</a>, it made implementation difficult on many server platforms. It required that a server be present on each individual network link. RARP was superseded by the <a href="/wiki/Bootstrap_Protocol" title="Bootstrap Protocol">Bootstrap Protocol</a> (BOOTP) defined in September 1985.<a href="#cite_note-rfc951-4">[4]</a> This introduced the concept of a relay agent, which allowed the forwarding of BOOTP packets across networks, allowing one central BOOTP server to serve hosts on many IP subnets. DHCP was first defined in October 1993.<a href="#cite_note-rfc1531-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-rfc1541-6">[6]</a> It is based on BOOTP, but can dynamically allocate IP addresses from a pool and reclaim them when they are no longer in use. It can also be used to deliver a wide range of extra configuration parameters to IP clients, including platform-specific parameters.<a href="#cite_note-Network+_certification-7">[7]</a> Four years later, the DHCPINFORM message type (used for <a href="/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Web Proxy Autodiscovery Protocol">WPAD</a>) and other small changes were added. This definition, from 1997,<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a> remains the core of the standard for IPv4 networks. <a href="/wiki/DHCPv6" title="DHCPv6">DHCPv6</a> was initially defined in 2003.<a href="#cite_note-rfc3315-9">[9]</a> After updates by many subsequent RFCs, its definition was replaced in 2018,<a href="#cite_note-rfc8415-10">[10]</a> where <a href="/wiki/Prefix_delegation" title="Prefix delegation">prefix delegation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stateless_address_autoconfiguration" class="mw-redirect" title="Stateless address autoconfiguration">stateless address autoconfiguration</a> were now merged. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Overview">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol">Internet Protocol</a> (IP) defines how devices communicate within and across local networks on the Internet. A DHCP server can manage IP settings for devices on its local network, e.g., by assigning IP addresses to those devices automatically and dynamically.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> DHCP operates based on the <a href="/wiki/Client%E2%80%93server_model" title="Client–server model">client–server model</a>. When a computer or other device connects to a network, the DHCP client software sends a DHCP <a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_(networking)" title="Broadcasting (networking)">broadcast</a> query requesting the necessary information. Any DHCP server on the network may service the request. The DHCP server manages a pool of IP addresses and information about client configuration parameters such as <a href="/wiki/Default_gateway" title="Default gateway">default gateway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Domain_name" title="Domain name">domain name</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Name_server" title="Name server">name servers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Time_server" title="Time server">time servers</a>. On receiving a DHCP request, the DHCP server may respond with specific information for each client, as previously configured by an administrator, or with a specific address and any other information valid for the entire network and for the time period for which the allocation (lease) is valid. A DHCP client typically queries this information immediately after <a href="/wiki/Booting" title="Booting">booting</a>, and periodically thereafter before the expiration of the information. When a DHCP client refreshes an assignment, it initially requests the same parameter values, but the DHCP server may assign a new address based on the assignment policies set by administrators. On large networks that consist of multiple links, a single DHCP server may service the entire network when aided by DHCP relay agents located on the interconnecting routers. Such agents relay messages between DHCP clients and DHCP servers located on different subnets. Depending on implementation, the DHCP server may have three methods of allocating IP addresses: <dl><dt>Dynamic allocation</dt> <dd>A <a href="/wiki/Network_administrator" title="Network administrator">network administrator</a> reserves a range of IP addresses for DHCP, and each DHCP client on the <a href="/wiki/LAN" class="mw-redirect" title="LAN">LAN</a> is configured to request an IP address from the DHCP <a href="/wiki/Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">server</a> during network initialization. The request-and-grant process uses a lease concept with a controllable time period, allowing the DHCP server to reclaim and then reallocate IP addresses that are not renewed.</dd></dl> <dl><dt>Automatic allocation</dt> <dd>The DHCP server permanently assigns an IP address to a requesting client from a range defined by an administrator. This is like dynamic allocation, but the DHCP server keeps a table of past IP address assignments, so that it can preferentially assign to a client the same IP address that the client previously had.</dd></dl> <dl><dt>Manual allocation</dt> <dd>This method is also variously called static DHCP allocation, fixed address allocation, reservation, and MAC/IP address binding. An administrator maps a unique identifier (a client id or <a href="/wiki/MAC_address" title="MAC address">MAC address</a>) for each client to an IP address, which is offered to the requesting client. DHCP servers may be configured to fall back to other methods if this fails.</dd></dl> DHCP services are used for <a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol_version_4" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Protocol version 4">Internet Protocol version 4</a> (IPv4) and <a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a>. The details of the protocol for IPv4 and IPv6 differ sufficiently that they may be considered separate protocols.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> For the IPv6 operation, devices may alternatively use <a href="/wiki/IPv6_stateless_address_autoconfiguration" class="mw-redirect" title="IPv6 stateless address autoconfiguration">stateless address autoconfiguration</a>. IPv6 hosts may also use <a href="/wiki/Link-local_addressing" class="mw-redirect" title="Link-local addressing">link-local addressing</a> to achieve operations restricted to the local network link. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operation">Operation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Operation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DHCP_session.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/DHCP_session.svg/260px-DHCP_session.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="368" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/DHCP_session.svg/390px-DHCP_session.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/DHCP_session.svg/520px-DHCP_session.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="1052" /></a><figcaption>An illustration of a typical non-renewing DHCP session; each message may be either a broadcast or a <a href="/wiki/Unicast" title="Unicast">unicast</a>, depending on the DHCP client capabilities.<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a></figcaption></figure> The DHCP employs a <a href="/wiki/Connectionless" class="mw-redirect" title="Connectionless">connectionless</a> service model, using the <a href="/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol" title="User Datagram Protocol">User Datagram Protocol</a> (UDP). It is implemented with two UDP port numbers for its operations which are the same as for the bootstrap protocol (<a href="/wiki/BOOTP" class="mw-redirect" title="BOOTP">BOOTP</a>). The server listens on UDP port number 67, and the client listens on UDP port number 68. DHCP operations fall into four phases: server discovery, IP lease offer, IP lease request, and IP lease acknowledgement. These stages are often abbreviated as DORA for discovery, offer, request, and acknowledgement. The DHCP operation begins with clients broadcasting a request. If the client and server are in different <a href="/wiki/Broadcast_domain" title="Broadcast domain">Broadcast Domains</a>, a <a href="#Relaying">DHCP Helper or DHCP Relay Agent</a> may be used. Clients requesting renewal of an existing lease may communicate directly via UDP <a href="/wiki/Unicast" title="Unicast">unicast</a>, since the client already has an established IP address at that point. Additionally, there is a BROADCAST flag (1 bit in 2 byte flags field, where all other bits are reserved and so are set to 0) the client can use to indicate in which way (broadcast or unicast) it can receive the DHCPOFFER: 0x8000 for broadcast, 0x0000 for unicast.<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a> Usually, the DHCPOFFER is sent through unicast. For those hosts which cannot accept unicast packets before IP addresses are configured, this flag can be used to work around this issue. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Discovery">Discovery</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Discovery">edit</a>]</div> The DHCP client <a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_(networking)" title="Broadcasting (networking)">broadcasts</a> a DHCPDISCOVER message on the network subnet using the destination address 255.255.255.255 (limited broadcast) or the specific subnet broadcast address (directed broadcast). A DHCP client may also request an IP address in the DHCPDISCOVER, which the server may take into account when selecting an address to offer. For example, if HTYPE is set to 1, to specify that the medium used is <a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a>, HLEN is set to 6 because an Ethernet address (MAC address) is 6 octets long. The CHADDR is set to the MAC address used by the client. Some options are set as well. <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>Example Ethernet frame with a DHCPDISCOVER message </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px; border-bottom:none; border-right:none;">Offset </th> <th style="border-left:none;"><a href="/wiki/Octet_(computing)" title="Octet (computing)">Octet</a> </th> <th colspan="8">0 </th> <th colspan="8">1 </th> <th colspan="8">2 </th> <th colspan="8">3 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="min-width: 42px;border-top: none;">Octet </th> <th style="min-width: 42px;"><a href="/wiki/Bit" title="Bit">Bit</a> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">0 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">1 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">2 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">3 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">4 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">5 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">6 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">7 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">8 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">9 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">10 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">11 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">12 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">13 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">14 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">15 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">16 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">17 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">18 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">19 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">20 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">21 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">22 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">23 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">24 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">25 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">26 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">27 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">28 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">29 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">30 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">31 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">0 </th> <th style="width:30px;">0 </th> <td colspan="32" style="border-bottom: none;">Source MAC (00:05:3C:04:8D:59) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">4 </th> <th style="width:30px;">32 </th> <td colspan="16" style="border-top: none;">  </td> <td colspan="16" style="border-bottom: none;">  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">8 </th> <th style="width:30px;">64 </th> <td colspan="32" style="border-top: none;">Destination MAC (FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">12 </th> <th style="width:30px;">96 </th> <td colspan="16"><abbr title="0x0800 indicates IPv4">EtherType</abbr> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style>0x0800) </td> <td colspan="16" style="background: mistyrose;border-bottom: none;">  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">16 </th> <th style="width:30px;">128 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="3" style="background: mistyrose;border-top: none;">IPv4 packet, containing a UDP PDU with DHCP payload... </td></tr> <tr> <th>20 </th> <th>160 </th></tr> <tr> <th>⋮ </th> <th>⋮ </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">⋮ </th> <th style="width:30px;">⋮ </th> <td colspan="32">Frame Check Sequence </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>IPv4 Header </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px; border-bottom:none; border-right:none;">Offset </th> <th style="border-left:none;"><a href="/wiki/Octet_(computing)" title="Octet (computing)">Octet</a> </th> <th colspan="8">0 </th> <th colspan="8">1 </th> <th colspan="8">2 </th> <th colspan="8">3 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="min-width: 42px;border-top: none;">Octet </th> <th style="min-width: 42px;"><a href="/wiki/Bit" title="Bit">Bit</a> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">0 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">1 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">2 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">3 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">4 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">5 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">6 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">7 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">8 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">9 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">10 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">11 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">12 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">13 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">14 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">15 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">16 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">17 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">18 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">19 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">20 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">21 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">22 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">23 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">24 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">25 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">26 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">27 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">28 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">29 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">30 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">31 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">0 </th> <th style="width:30px;">0 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="2">IPv4 header start </td></tr> <tr> <th>4 </th> <th>32 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">8 </th> <th style="width:30px;">64 </th> <td colspan="8">TTL </td> <td colspan="16">Protocol (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">17 UDP) </td> <td colspan="8">Header Checksum </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>UDP Header </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">12 </th> <th style="width:30px;">96 </th> <td colspan="32">Source Address (0.0.0.0) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">16 </th> <th style="width:30px;">128 </th> <td colspan="32">Destination Address </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">20 </th> <th style="width:30px;">160 </th> <td colspan="16">Source Port (68) </td> <td colspan="16">Destination Port (67) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">24 </th> <th style="width:30px;">192 </th> <td colspan="16">Length </td> <td colspan="16">Checksum </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>DHCP Payload: DHCPDISCOVER </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">28 </th> <th style="width:30px;">224 </th> <td colspan="8"><abbr title="BOOTREQUEST">OP</abbr> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x01) </td> <td colspan="8"><abbr title="Ethernet">HTYPE</abbr> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x01) </td> <td colspan="8"><abbr title="MAC addresses are 6 octets">HLEN</abbr> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x06) </td> <td colspan="8">HOPS (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">32 </th> <th style="width:30px;">256 </th> <td colspan="32">XID (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x3903F326) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">36 </th> <th style="width:30px;">288 </th> <td colspan="16">SECS (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x0000) </td> <td colspan="16">FLAGS (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x0000) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">40 </th> <th style="width:30px;">320 </th> <td colspan="32">CIADDR (Client IP address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00000000) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">44 </th> <th style="width:30px;">352 </th> <td colspan="32">YIADDR (Your IP address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00000000 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">48 </th> <th style="width:30px;">384 </th> <td colspan="32">SIADDR (Server IP address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00000000) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">52 </th> <th style="width:30px;">416 </th> <td colspan="32"><abbr title="A zero GIADDR means client and DHCP server are on the same subnet.">GIADDR</abbr> (Gateway IP address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00000000) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">56 </th> <th style="width:30px;">448 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="4">CHADDR (Client Hardware address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00053C04 0x8D590000 0x00000000 0x00000000) </td></tr> <tr> <th>60 </th> <th>480 </th></tr> <tr> <th>64 </th> <th>512 </th></tr> <tr> <th>68 </th> <th>544 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">72 </th> <th style="width:30px;">576 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="3">192 octets of 0s, or overflow space for additional options; BOOTP legacy. </td></tr> <tr> <th>⋮ </th> <th>⋮ </th></tr> <tr> <th>260 </th> <th>2080 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">264 </th> <th style="width:30px;">2112 </th> <td colspan="32"><a href="/wiki/Magic_cookie" title="Magic cookie">Magic Cookie</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x63825363) </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>DHCP Options (in <a href="/wiki/Type-length-value" class="mw-redirect" title="Type-length-value">TLV</a> format) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">292 </th> <th style="width:30px;">2336 </th> <td colspan="24" style="background: linen;">First option: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x350101: Option 53 (DHCP Message Type) 1 octet (containing DHCPDISCOVER) </td> <td colspan="8" style="background: linen;border-right: none;">Second option:↴ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">324 </th> <th style="width:30px;">2592 </th> <td colspan="32" style="background: linen;border-left: none;">↪<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x3204c0a80164: Option 50 (Request IP address) 4 octets (containing 192.168.1.100) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">356 </th> <th style="width:30px;">2848 </th> <td colspan="32" style="background: linen;border-right: none;"><abbr title="0x01: Request Subnet Mask; 0x03: Router; 0x0f: Domain Name">Third option: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x370401030f06: Option: 55 (Parameter Request List) 4 octets</abbr>↴ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">388 </th> <th style="width:30px;">3104 </th> <td colspan="8" style="background: linen;border-left: none;">↪<abbr title="0x06: Domain Name Server">PRL cont...</abbr> </td> <td colspan="1"><abbr title="0xff Option end mark"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">ff</abbr> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Offer">Offer</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Offer">edit</a>]</div> When a DHCP server receives a DHCPDISCOVER message from a client, which is an IP address lease request, the DHCP server reserves an IP address for the client and makes a lease offer by sending a DHCPOFFER message to the client. This message may contain the client's Client ID (Option 61, containing a unique value, traditionally a MAC address), the IP address that the server is offering, the subnet mask, the lease duration, and the IP address of the DHCP server making the offer. The DHCP server may also take notice of the hardware-level MAC address (as specified in the CHADDR field). This field must be used to identify the client, if no Client ID is provided in the DHCP packet.<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a>: §4.2  The DHCP server determines the configuration based on the client's hardware address as specified in the CHADDR (client hardware address) field. In the following example the server (192.168.1.1) specifies the client's IP address in the YIADDR (your IP address) field. <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>Example Ethernet frame with a DHCPOFFER message </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px; border-bottom:none; border-right:none;">Offset </th> <th style="border-left:none;"><a href="/wiki/Octet_(computing)" title="Octet (computing)">Octet</a> </th> <th colspan="8">0 </th> <th colspan="8">1 </th> <th colspan="8">2 </th> <th colspan="8">3 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="min-width: 42px;border-top: none;">Octet </th> <th style="min-width: 42px;"><a href="/wiki/Bit" title="Bit">Bit</a> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">0 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">1 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">2 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">3 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">4 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">5 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">6 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">7 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">8 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">9 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">10 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">11 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">12 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">13 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">14 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">15 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">16 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">17 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">18 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">19 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">20 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">21 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">22 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">23 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">24 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">25 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">26 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">27 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">28 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">29 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">30 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">31 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">0 </th> <th style="width:30px;">0 </th> <td colspan="32" style="border-bottom: none;">Source MAC (B4:0C:25:E3:7D:62) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">4 </th> <th style="width:30px;">32 </th> <td colspan="16" style="border-top: none;">  </td> <td colspan="16" style="border-bottom: none;">  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">8 </th> <th style="width:30px;">64 </th> <td colspan="32" style="border-top: none;">Destination MAC (00:05:3C:04:8D:59) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">12 </th> <th style="width:30px;">96 </th> <td colspan="16"><abbr title="0x0800 indicates IPv4">EtherType</abbr> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x0800) </td> <td colspan="16" style="background: mistyrose;border-bottom: none;">  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">16 </th> <th style="width:30px;">128 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="3" style="background: mistyrose;border-top: none;">IPv4 packet, containing a UDP PDU with DHCP payload... </td></tr> <tr> <th>20 </th> <th>160 </th></tr> <tr> <th>⋮ </th> <th>⋮ </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">⋮ </th> <th style="width:30px;">⋮ </th> <td colspan="32">Frame Check Sequence </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>IPv4 Header </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px; border-bottom:none; border-right:none;">Offset </th> <th style="border-left:none;"><a href="/wiki/Octet_(computing)" title="Octet (computing)">Octet</a> </th> <th colspan="8">0 </th> <th colspan="8">1 </th> <th colspan="8">2 </th> <th colspan="8">3 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="min-width: 42px;border-top: none;">Octet </th> <th style="min-width: 42px;"><a href="/wiki/Bit" title="Bit">Bit</a> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">0 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">1 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">2 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">3 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">4 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">5 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">6 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">7 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">8 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">9 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">10 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">11 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">12 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">13 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">14 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">15 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">16 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">17 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">18 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">19 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">20 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">21 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">22 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">23 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">24 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">25 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">26 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">27 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">28 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">29 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">30 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">31 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">0 </th> <th style="width:30px;">0 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="2">IPv4 header start </td></tr> <tr> <th>4 </th> <th>32 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">8 </th> <th style="width:30px;">64 </th> <td colspan="8">TTL </td> <td colspan="16">Protocol (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">17 UDP) </td> <td colspan="8">Header Checksum </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>UDP Header </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">12 </th> <th style="width:30px;">96 </th> <td colspan="32">Source Address (192.168.1.1) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">16 </th> <th style="width:30px;">128 </th> <td colspan="32">Destination Address (192.168.1.100) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">20 </th> <th style="width:30px;">160 </th> <td colspan="16">Source Port (67) </td> <td colspan="16">Destination Port (68) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">24 </th> <th style="width:30px;">192 </th> <td colspan="16">Length </td> <td colspan="16">Checksum </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>DHCP Payload: DHCPOFFER </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">28 </th> <th style="width:30px;">224 </th> <td colspan="8"><abbr title="BOOTREPLY">OP (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x02)</abbr> </td> <td colspan="8">HTYPE (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x01) </td> <td colspan="8">HLEN (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x06) </td> <td colspan="8">HOPS (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">32 </th> <th style="width:30px;">256 </th> <td colspan="32">XID (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x3903F326) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">36 </th> <th style="width:30px;">288 </th> <td colspan="16">SECS (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x0000) </td> <td colspan="16">FLAGS (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x0000) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">40 </th> <th style="width:30px;">320 </th> <td colspan="32">CIADDR (Client IP address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00000000) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">44 </th> <th style="width:30px;">352 </th> <td colspan="32">YIADDR (Your IP address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0xC0A80164 or 192.168.1.100) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">48 </th> <th style="width:30px;">384 </th> <td colspan="32">SIADDR (Server IP address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0xC0A80101 or 192.168.1.1) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">52 </th> <th style="width:30px;">416 </th> <td colspan="32">GIADDR (Gateway IP address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00000000) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">56 </th> <th style="width:30px;">448 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="4">CHADDR (Client Hardware address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00053C04 0x8D590000 0x00000000 0x00000000) </td></tr> <tr> <th>60 </th> <th>480 </th></tr> <tr> <th>64 </th> <th>512 </th></tr> <tr> <th>68 </th> <th>544 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">72 </th> <th style="width:30px;">576 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="3">192 octets of 0s, or overflow space for additional options; BOOTP legacy. </td></tr> <tr> <th>⋮ </th> <th>⋮ </th></tr> <tr> <th>260 </th> <th>2080 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">264 </th> <th style="width:30px;">2112 </th> <td colspan="32"><a href="/wiki/Magic_cookie" title="Magic cookie">Magic Cookie</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x63825363) </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>DHCP Options (in <a href="/wiki/Type-length-value" class="mw-redirect" title="Type-length-value">TLV</a> format) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">292 </th> <th style="width:30px;">2336 </th> <td colspan="24" style="background: linen;">First option: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x350102: Option 53 (DHCP Message Type) 1 octet (containing DHCPOFFER) </td> <td colspan="8" style="background: linen;border-right: none;">Second option:↴ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">324 </th> <th style="width:30px;">2592 </th> <td colspan="32" style="background: linen;border-left: none;">↪<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x0104ffffff00: Option 1 (Subnet mask) 4 octets (containing 255.255.255.0) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">356 </th> <th style="width:30px;">2848 </th> <td colspan="32" style="background: linen;border-right: none;">Third option: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x0304c0A80101: Option: 3 (Router) 4 octets (containing 192.168.1.1)↴ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">388 </th> <th style="width:30px;">3104 </th> <td colspan="8" style="background: linen;border-left: none;">↪Router cont... </td> <td colspan="24" style="background: linen;border-right: none;">Fourth option: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x330400015080: Option 51 (Address time) 4 octets (a 86400 second lease time)↴ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">420 </th> <th style="width:30px;">3360 </th> <td colspan="16" style="background: linen;border-left: none;">↪Address time cont... </td> <td colspan="16" style="background: linen;border-bottom: none;">Fifth option: </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">452 </th> <th style="width:30px;">3616 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="3" style="background: linen;border-top: none; border-bottom: none;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x060c09070a0f09070a1009070a13: Option 6 (Domain Server) 14 octets (containing 9.7.10.15,9.7.10.16,9.7.10.18) </td></tr> <tr> <th>456 </th> <th>3648 </th></tr> <tr> <th>460 </th> <th>3680 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">482 </th> <th style="width:30px;">3856 </th> <td colspan="12" style="background: linen;border-top: none;">  </td> <td><abbr title="0xff Option end mark"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">ff</abbr> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Request">Request</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Request">edit</a>]</div> In response to the DHCP offer, the client replies with a DHCPREQUEST message, broadcast to the server,<a href="#cite_note-optional-unicasts-13">[a]</a> requesting the offered address. A client can receive DHCP offers from multiple servers, but it will accept only one DHCP offer. The client must send the server identification option in the DHCPREQUEST message, indicating the server whose offer the client has selected.<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a>: Section 3.1, Item 3  When other DHCP servers receive this message, they withdraw any offers that they have made to the client and return their offered IP address to the pool of available addresses. <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>Example Ethernet frame with a DHCPREQUEST message </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px; border-bottom:none; border-right:none;">Offset </th> <th style="border-left:none;"><a href="/wiki/Octet_(computing)" title="Octet (computing)">Octet</a> </th> <th colspan="8">0 </th> <th colspan="8">1 </th> <th colspan="8">2 </th> <th colspan="8">3 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="min-width: 42px;border-top: none;">Octet </th> <th style="min-width: 42px;"><a href="/wiki/Bit" title="Bit">Bit</a> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">0 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">1 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">2 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">3 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">4 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">5 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">6 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">7 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">8 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">9 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">10 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">11 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">12 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">13 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">14 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">15 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">16 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">17 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">18 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">19 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">20 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">21 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">22 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">23 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">24 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">25 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">26 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">27 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">28 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">29 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">30 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">31 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">0 </th> <th style="width:30px;">0 </th> <td colspan="32" style="border-bottom: none;">Source MAC (00:05:3C:04:8D:59) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">4 </th> <th style="width:30px;">32 </th> <td colspan="16" style="border-top: none;">  </td> <td colspan="16" style="border-bottom: none;">  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">8 </th> <th style="width:30px;">64 </th> <td colspan="32" style="border-top: none;"><abbr title="Destination MAC (DHCPREQUESTs are broadcast)">Destination MAC</abbr> (FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">12 </th> <th style="width:30px;">96 </th> <td colspan="16"><abbr title="0x0800 indicates IPv4">EtherType</abbr> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x0800) </td> <td colspan="16" style="background: mistyrose;border-bottom: none;">  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">16 </th> <th style="width:30px;">128 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="3" style="background: mistyrose;border-top: none;">IPv4 packet, containing a UDP PDU with DHCP payload... </td></tr> <tr> <th>20 </th> <th>160 </th></tr> <tr> <th>⋮ </th> <th>⋮ </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">⋮ </th> <th style="width:30px;">⋮ </th> <td colspan="32">Frame Check Sequence </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>IPv4 Header </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px; border-bottom:none; border-right:none;">Offset </th> <th style="border-left:none;"><a href="/wiki/Octet_(computing)" title="Octet (computing)">Octet</a> </th> <th colspan="8">0 </th> <th colspan="8">1 </th> <th colspan="8">2 </th> <th colspan="8">3 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="min-width: 42px;border-top: none;">Octet </th> <th style="min-width: 42px;"><a href="/wiki/Bit" title="Bit">Bit</a> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">0 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">1 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">2 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">3 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">4 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">5 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">6 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">7 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">8 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">9 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">10 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">11 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">12 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">13 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">14 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">15 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">16 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">17 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">18 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">19 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">20 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">21 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">22 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">23 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">24 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">25 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">26 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">27 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">28 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">29 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">30 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">31 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">0 </th> <th style="width:30px;">0 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="2">IPv4 header start </td></tr> <tr> <th>4 </th> <th>32 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">8 </th> <th style="width:30px;">64 </th> <td colspan="8">TTL </td> <td colspan="16">Protocol (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">17 UDP) </td> <td colspan="8">Header Checksum </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>UDP Header </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">12 </th> <th style="width:30px;">96 </th> <td colspan="32">Source Address (0.0.0.0) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">16 </th> <th style="width:30px;">128 </th> <td colspan="32">Destination Address (255.255.255.255) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">20 </th> <th style="width:30px;">160 </th> <td colspan="16">Source Port (68) </td> <td colspan="16">Destination Port (67) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">24 </th> <th style="width:30px;">192 </th> <td colspan="16">Length </td> <td colspan="16">Checksum </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>DHCP Payload: DHCPREQUEST </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">28 </th> <th style="width:30px;">224 </th> <td colspan="8"><abbr title="BOOTREQUEST">OP (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x01)</abbr> </td> <td colspan="8">HTYPE (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x01) </td> <td colspan="8">HLEN (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x06) </td> <td colspan="8">HOPS (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">32 </th> <th style="width:30px;">256 </th> <td colspan="32">XID (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x3903F326) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">36 </th> <th style="width:30px;">288 </th> <td colspan="16">SECS (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x0000) </td> <td colspan="16">FLAGS (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x0000) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">40 </th> <th style="width:30px;">320 </th> <td colspan="32">CIADDR (Client IP address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00000000) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">44 </th> <th style="width:30px;">352 </th> <td colspan="32">YIADDR (Your IP address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00000000) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">48 </th> <th style="width:30px;">384 </th> <td colspan="32">SIADDR (Server IP address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0xc0a80101 or 192.168.1.1) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">52 </th> <th style="width:30px;">416 </th> <td colspan="32">GIADDR (Gateway IP address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00000000) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">56 </th> <th style="width:30px;">448 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="4">CHADDR (Client Hardware address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00053C04 0x8D590000 0x00000000 0x00000000) </td></tr> <tr> <th>60 </th> <th>480 </th></tr> <tr> <th>64 </th> <th>512 </th></tr> <tr> <th>68 </th> <th>544 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">72 </th> <th style="width:30px;">576 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="3">192 octets of 0s, or overflow space for additional options; BOOTP legacy. </td></tr> <tr> <th>⋮ </th> <th>⋮ </th></tr> <tr> <th>260 </th> <th>2080 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">264 </th> <th style="width:30px;">2112 </th> <td colspan="32"><a href="/wiki/Magic_cookie" title="Magic cookie">Magic Cookie</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x63825363) </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>DHCP Options (in <a href="/wiki/Type-length-value" class="mw-redirect" title="Type-length-value">TLV</a> format) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">292 </th> <th style="width:30px;">2336 </th> <td colspan="24" style="background: linen;">First option: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x350103: Option 53 (DHCP Message Type) 1 octet (containing DHCPREQUEST) </td> <td colspan="8" style="background: linen;border-right: none;">Second option:↴ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">324 </th> <th style="width:30px;">2592 </th> <td colspan="32" style="background: linen;border-left: none;">↪<abbr title="Must match YIADDR from the DHCPOFFER packet."><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x3204c0a80164: Option 50 (Request IP address) 4 octets (containing 192.168.1.100)</abbr> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">356 </th> <th style="width:30px;">2848 </th> <td colspan="32" style="background: linen;border-right: none;"><abbr title="Server Identification: tell which offer you accept.">Third option: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x3604c0a801601: Option: 54 (DHCP Server) 4 octets (containing 192.168.1.1)</abbr>↴ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">388 </th> <th style="width:30px;">3104 </th> <td colspan="8" style="background: linen;border-left: none;">↪DHCP Server cont... </td> <td colspan="1"><abbr title="0xff Option end mark"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">ff</abbr> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Acknowledgement">edit</a>]</div> When the DHCP server receives the DHCPREQUEST message from the client, the configuration process enters its final phase. The acknowledgement phase involves sending a DHCPACK packet to the client. This packet includes the lease duration and any other configuration information that the client might have requested. At this point, the IP configuration process is completed. The protocol expects the DHCP client to configure its network interface with the negotiated parameters. <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>Example Ethernet frame with a DHCPACK message </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px; border-bottom:none; border-right:none;">Offset </th> <th style="border-left:none;"><a href="/wiki/Octet_(computing)" title="Octet (computing)">Octet</a> </th> <th colspan="8">0 </th> <th colspan="8">1 </th> <th colspan="8">2 </th> <th colspan="8">3 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="min-width: 42px;border-top: none;">Octet </th> <th style="min-width: 42px;"><a href="/wiki/Bit" title="Bit">Bit</a> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">0 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">1 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">2 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">3 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">4 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">5 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">6 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">7 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">8 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">9 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">10 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">11 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">12 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">13 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">14 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">15 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">16 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">17 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">18 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">19 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">20 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">21 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">22 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">23 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">24 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">25 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">26 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">27 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">28 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">29 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">30 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">31 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">0 </th> <th style="width:30px;">0 </th> <td colspan="32" style="border-bottom: none;">Source MAC (B4:0C:25:E3:7D:62) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">4 </th> <th style="width:30px;">32 </th> <td colspan="16" style="border-top: none;">  </td> <td colspan="16" style="border-bottom: none;">  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">8 </th> <th style="width:30px;">64 </th> <td colspan="32" style="border-top: none;"><abbr title="Destination MAC (unicast to the client)">Destination MAC</abbr> (00:05:3C:04:8D:59) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">12 </th> <th style="width:30px;">96 </th> <td colspan="16"><abbr title="0x0800 indicates IPv4">EtherType</abbr> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x0800) </td> <td colspan="16" style="background: mistyrose;border-bottom: none;">  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">16 </th> <th style="width:30px;">128 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="3" style="background: mistyrose;border-top: none;">IPv4 packet, containing a UDP PDU with DHCP payload... </td></tr> <tr> <th>20 </th> <th>160 </th></tr> <tr> <th>⋮ </th> <th>⋮ </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">⋮ </th> <th style="width:30px;">⋮ </th> <td colspan="32">Frame Check Sequence </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>IPv4 Header </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px; border-bottom:none; border-right:none;">Offset </th> <th style="border-left:none;"><a href="/wiki/Octet_(computing)" title="Octet (computing)">Octet</a> </th> <th colspan="8">0 </th> <th colspan="8">1 </th> <th colspan="8">2 </th> <th colspan="8">3 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="min-width: 42px;border-top: none;">Octet </th> <th style="min-width: 42px;"><a href="/wiki/Bit" title="Bit">Bit</a> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">0 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">1 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">2 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">3 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">4 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">5 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">6 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">7 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">8 </th> <th style="min-width:11px;">9 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">10 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">11 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">12 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">13 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">14 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">15 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">16 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">17 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">18 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">19 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">20 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">21 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">22 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">23 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">24 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">25 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">26 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">27 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">28 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">29 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">30 </th> <th style="min-width:16px;">31 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">0 </th> <th style="width:30px;">0 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="2">IPv4 header start </td></tr> <tr> <th>4 </th> <th>32 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">8 </th> <th style="width:30px;">64 </th> <td colspan="8">TTL </td> <td colspan="16">Protocol (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">17 UDP) </td> <td colspan="8">Header Checksum </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>UDP Header </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">12 </th> <th style="width:30px;">96 </th> <td colspan="32">Source Address (192.168.1.1) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">16 </th> <th style="width:30px;">128 </th> <td colspan="32">Destination Address (192.168.1.100) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">20 </th> <th style="width:30px;">160 </th> <td colspan="16">Source Port (67) </td> <td colspan="16">Destination Port (68) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">24 </th> <th style="width:30px;">192 </th> <td colspan="16">Length </td> <td colspan="16">Checksum </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>DHCP Payload: DHCPACK </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">28 </th> <th style="width:30px;">224 </th> <td colspan="8"><abbr title="BOOTREPLY">OP (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x02)</abbr> </td> <td colspan="8">HTYPE (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x01) </td> <td colspan="8">HLEN (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x06) </td> <td colspan="8">HOPS (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">32 </th> <th style="width:30px;">256 </th> <td colspan="32">XID (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x3903F326) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">36 </th> <th style="width:30px;">288 </th> <td colspan="16">SECS (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x0000) </td> <td colspan="16">FLAGS (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x0000) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">40 </th> <th style="width:30px;">320 </th> <td colspan="32">CIADDR (Client IP address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00000000) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">44 </th> <th style="width:30px;">352 </th> <td colspan="32">YIADDR (Your IP address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0xC0A80164 or 192.168.1.100) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">48 </th> <th style="width:30px;">384 </th> <td colspan="32">SIADDR (Server IP address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0xC0A80101 or 192.168.1.1) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">52 </th> <th style="width:30px;">416 </th> <td colspan="32">GIADDR (Gateway IP address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00000000) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">56 </th> <th style="width:30px;">448 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="4">CHADDR (Client Hardware address: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x00053C04 0x8D590000 0x00000000 0x00000000) </td></tr> <tr> <th>60 </th> <th>480 </th></tr> <tr> <th>64 </th> <th>512 </th></tr> <tr> <th>68 </th> <th>544 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">72 </th> <th style="width:30px;">576 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="3">192 octets of 0s, or overflow space for additional options; BOOTP legacy. </td></tr> <tr> <th>⋮ </th> <th>⋮ </th></tr> <tr> <th>260 </th> <th>2080 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">264 </th> <th style="width:30px;">2112 </th> <td colspan="32"><a href="/wiki/Magic_cookie" title="Magic cookie">Magic Cookie</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x63825363) </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; border: none;"> <caption>DHCP Options (in <a href="/wiki/Type-length-value" class="mw-redirect" title="Type-length-value">TLV</a> format) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:42px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:11px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th> <th style="min-width:16px;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">292 </th> <th style="width:30px;">2336 </th> <td colspan="24" style="background: linen;">First option: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x350105: Option 53 (DHCP Message Type) 1 octet (containing DHCPACK) </td> <td colspan="8" style="background: linen;border-right: none;">Second option:↴ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">324 </th> <th style="width:30px;">2592 </th> <td colspan="32" style="background: linen;border-left: none;">↪<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x0104ffffff00: Option 1 (Subnet mask) 4 octets (containing 255.255.255.0) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">356 </th> <th style="width:30px;">2848 </th> <td colspan="32" style="background: linen;border-right: none;">Third option: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x0304c0A80101: Option: 3 (Router) 4 octets (containing 192.168.1.1)↴ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">388 </th> <th style="width:30px;">3104 </th> <td colspan="8" style="background: linen;border-left: none;">↪Router cont... </td> <td colspan="24" style="background: linen;border-right: none;">Fourth option: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x330400015080: Option 51 (Address time) 4 octets (a 86400 second lease time)↴ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">420 </th> <th style="width:30px;">3360 </th> <td colspan="16" style="background: linen;border-left: none;">↪Address time cont... </td> <td colspan="16" style="background: linen;border-bottom: none;">Fifth option: </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">452 </th> <th style="width:30px;">3616 </th> <td colspan="32" rowspan="3" style="background: linen;border-top: none; border-bottom: none;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">0x060c09070a0f09070a1009070a13: Option 6 (Domain Server) 14 octets (containing 9.7.10.15,9.7.10.16,9.7.10.18) </td></tr> <tr> <th>456 </th> <th>3648 </th></tr> <tr> <th>460 </th> <th>3680 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:35px;">482 </th> <th style="width:30px;">3856 </th> <td colspan="12" style="background: linen;border-top: none;">  </td> <td><abbr title="0xff Option end mark"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">ff</abbr> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Selecting_and_configuring_IP_addresses">Selecting and configuring IP addresses</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Selecting and configuring IP addresses">edit</a>]</div> When the server is reusing an IP address from its pool, it may first check (using <a href="/wiki/Ping_(networking_utility)" title="Ping (networking utility)">ping</a>) to see if it is not taken already.<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a>: sec. 2.2  This may happen if a host is configured manually with an IP address that lies within the DHCP scope. Before claiming an IP address, the client should probe the newly received address (e.g. with <a href="/wiki/Address_Resolution_Protocol" title="Address Resolution Protocol">ARP</a>), in order to find if there is another host present in the network with the proposed IP address.<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a>: sec. 2.2  If there is no reply, this address does not conflict with that of another host, so it is free to be used. If this probe finds another computer using that address, the client should broadcast a DHCPDECLINE to the DHCP server(s). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Information">Information</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Information">edit</a>]</div> A DHCP client may request more information than the server sent with the original DHCPOFFER. The client may also request repeat data for a particular application. For example, browsers use DHCP Inform to obtain web proxy settings via <a href="/wiki/Web_Proxy_Auto-Discovery_Protocol" title="Web Proxy Auto-Discovery Protocol">WPAD</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Releasing">Releasing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Releasing">edit</a>]</div> The client sends a request to the DHCP server to release the DHCP information and the client deactivates its IP address. As client devices usually do not know when users may unplug them from the network, the protocol does not mandate the sending of DHCP Release. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Client_configuration_parameters">Client configuration parameters</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Client configuration parameters">edit</a>]</div> A DHCP server can provide optional configuration parameters to the client. RFC 2132 describes the available DHCP options defined by <a href="/wiki/Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority" title="Internet Assigned Numbers Authority">Internet Assigned Numbers Authority</a> (IANA) - DHCP and BOOTP PARAMETERS.<a href="#cite_note-:0-14">[13]</a> A DHCP client can select, manipulate and overwrite parameters provided by a DHCP server. In Unix-like systems this client-level refinement typically takes place according to the values in the configuration file /etc/dhclient.conf. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Options">Options</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Options">edit</a>]</div> Options are octet strings of varying length. This is called <a href="/wiki/Type%E2%80%93length%E2%80%93value" title="Type–length–value">Type–length–value</a> encoding. The first octet is the option code, the second octet is the number of following octets and the remaining octets are code dependent. For example, the DHCP message-type option for an offer would appear as 0x35, 0x01, 0x02, where 0x35 is code 53 for "DHCP message type", 0x01 means one octet follows and 0x02 is the value of "offer". The following tables list the available DHCP options.<a href="#cite_note-rfc2132-15">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-14">[13]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>RFC 1497 (BOOTP Vendor Information Extensions) vendor extensions<a href="#cite_note-rfc2132-15">[14]</a>: Section 3  </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Code</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Length</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>0</td> <td>Pad</td> <td>0 <a href="/wiki/Octet_(computing)" title="Octet (computing)">octets</a></td> <td>Can be used to pad other options so that they are aligned to the word boundary; is not followed by length byte </td></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>Subnet mask</td> <td>4 octets</td> <td>Client's subnet mask as per <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc950">RFC 950</a>. If both the subnet mask and the router option (option 3) are included, the subnet mask option must be first. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>Time offset</td> <td>4 octets</td> <td>Offset of the client's subnet in seconds from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The offset is expressed as a two's complement 32-bit integer. A positive offset indicates a location east of the zero meridian and a negative offset indicates a location west of the zero meridian. </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>Router</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td>Available routers, should be listed in order of preference </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>Time server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td>Available <a href="/wiki/Time_Protocol" title="Time Protocol">Time Protocol</a> servers to synchronise with, should be listed in order of preference </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>Name server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td>Available <a href="/wiki/IEN_116" class="mw-redirect" title="IEN 116">IEN 116</a> name servers, should be listed in order of preference </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>Domain name server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td>Available <a href="/wiki/DNS" class="mw-redirect" title="DNS">DNS</a> servers, should be listed in order of preference </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>Log server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td>Available log servers, should be listed in order of preference </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>Cookie server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td>Cookie in this case means "fortune cookie" or "quote of the day", a pithy or humorous anecdote often sent as part of a logon process on large computers; it has nothing to do with <a href="/wiki/HTTP_cookie" title="HTTP cookie">cookies sent by websites</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td>LPR Server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td>A list of <a href="/wiki/Line_Printer_Daemon_protocol" title="Line Printer Daemon protocol">Line Printer Daemon protocol</a> servers available to the client, should be listed in order of preference </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td>Impress server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td>A list of Imagen Impress servers available to the client, should be listed in order of preference </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td>Resource location server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td>A list of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Resource_Location_Protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resource Location Protocol (page does not exist)">Resource Location Protocol</a> servers available to the client, should be listed in order of preference </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td>Host name</td> <td>Minimum of 1 octet</td> <td>Name of the client. The name may be qualified with the local domain name. </td></tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td>Boot file size</td> <td>2 octets</td> <td>Length of the boot image in 512B blocks </td></tr> <tr> <td>14</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Merit_Network" title="Merit Network">Merit</a> dump file</td> <td>Minimum of 1 octet</td> <td>Path where crash dumps should be stored </td></tr> <tr> <td>15</td> <td>Domain name</td> <td>Minimum of 1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>16</td> <td>Swap server</td> <td>4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>17</td> <td>Root path</td> <td>Minimum of 1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>18</td> <td>Extensions path</td> <td>Minimum of 1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>255</td> <td>End</td> <td>0 octets</td> <td>Used to mark the end of the vendor option field </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>IP layer parameters per host<a href="#cite_note-rfc2132-15">[14]</a>: Section 4  </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Code</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Length</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>19</td> <td>IP forwarding enable/disable</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>20</td> <td>Non-local source routing enable/disable</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>21</td> <td>Policy filter</td> <td>Multiples of 8 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>22</td> <td>Maximum datagram reassembly size</td> <td>2 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>23</td> <td>Default IP time-to-live</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>24</td> <td>Path MTU aging timeout</td> <td>4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>25</td> <td>Path MTU plateau table</td> <td>Multiples of 2 octets</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>IP Layer Parameters per Interface<a href="#cite_note-rfc2132-15">[14]</a>: Section 5  </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Code</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Length</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>26</td> <td>Interface MTU</td> <td>2 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>27</td> <td>All subnets are local</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>28</td> <td>Broadcast address</td> <td>4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>29</td> <td>Perform mask discovery</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>30</td> <td>Mask supplier</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>31</td> <td>Perform router discovery</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>32</td> <td>Router solicitation address</td> <td>4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>33</td> <td>Static route</td> <td>Multiples of 8 octets</td> <td>A list of destination/router pairs </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Link layer parameters per interface<a href="#cite_note-rfc2132-15">[14]</a>: Section 6  </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Code</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Length</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>34</td> <td>Trailer encapsulation option</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>35</td> <td>ARP cache timeout</td> <td>4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>36</td> <td>Ethernet encapsulation</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>TCP parameters<a href="#cite_note-rfc2132-15">[14]</a>: Section 7  </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Code</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Length</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>37</td> <td>TCP default TTL</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>38</td> <td>TCP keepalive interval</td> <td>4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>39</td> <td>TCP keepalive garbage</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Application and service parameters<a href="#cite_note-rfc2132-15">[14]</a>: Section 8  </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Code</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Length</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>40</td> <td>Network information service domain</td> <td>Minimum of 1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>41</td> <td>Network information servers</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>42</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Network_Time_Protocol" title="Network Time Protocol">Network Time Protocol</a> (NTP) servers</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>43</td> <td>Vendor-specific information</td> <td>Minimum of 1 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>44</td> <td>NetBIOS over TCP/IP name server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>45</td> <td>NetBIOS over TCP/IP datagram Distribution Server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>46</td> <td>NetBIOS over TCP/IP node type</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>47</td> <td>NetBIOS over TCP/IP scope</td> <td>Minimum of 1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>48</td> <td><a href="/wiki/X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X Window System</a> font server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>49</td> <td>X Window System display manager</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>64</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Network_Information_Service" title="Network Information Service">Network Information Service</a>+ domain</td> <td>Minimum of 1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>65</td> <td>Network Information Service+ servers</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>68</td> <td>Mobile IP home agent</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>69</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol" title="Simple Mail Transfer Protocol">Simple Mail Transfer Protocol</a> (SMTP) server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>70</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Post_Office_Protocol" title="Post Office Protocol">Post Office Protocol</a> (POP3) server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>71</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Network_News_Transfer_Protocol" title="Network News Transfer Protocol">Network News Transfer Protocol</a> (NNTP) server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>72</td> <td>Default <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a> (WWW) server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>73</td> <td>Default <a href="/wiki/Finger_protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Finger protocol">Finger protocol</a> server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>74</td> <td>Default <a href="/wiki/Internet_Relay_Chat" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Relay Chat">Internet Relay Chat</a> (IRC) server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>75</td> <td><a href="/wiki/StreetTalk" class="mw-redirect" title="StreetTalk">StreetTalk</a> server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>76</td> <td>StreetTalk Directory Assistance (STDA) server</td> <td>Multiples of 4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>DHCP extensions<a href="#cite_note-rfc2132-15">[14]</a>: Section 9  </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Code</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Length</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>50</td> <td>Requested IP address</td> <td>4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>51</td> <td>IP address lease time</td> <td>4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>52</td> <td>Option overload</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>53</td> <td>DHCP message type</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>54</td> <td>Server identifier</td> <td>4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>55</td> <td>Parameter request list</td> <td>Minimum of 1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>56</td> <td>Message</td> <td>Minimum of 1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>57</td> <td>Maximum DHCP message size</td> <td>2 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>58</td> <td>Renewal (T1) time value</td> <td>4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>59</td> <td>Rebinding (T2) time value</td> <td>4 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>60</td> <td>Vendor class identifier</td> <td>Minimum of 1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>61</td> <td>Client identifier</td> <td>Minimum of 2 octets</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>66</td> <td>TFTP server name</td> <td>Minimum of 1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>67</td> <td>Bootfile name</td> <td>Minimum of 1 octet</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DHCP_message_types">DHCP message types</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: DHCP message types">edit</a>]</div> This table lists the DHCP message types, documented in RFC 2132, RFC 3203,<a href="#cite_note-rfc3203-16">[15]</a> RFC 4388,<a href="#cite_note-rfc4388-17">[16]</a> RFC 6926<a href="#cite_note-rfc6926-18">[17]</a> and RFC 7724.<a href="#cite_note-rfc7724-19">[18]</a> These codes are the value in the DHCP extension 53, shown in the table above. <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>DHCP message types </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Code</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Length</th> <th>RFC </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>DHCPDISCOVER</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc2132<a href="#cite_note-rfc2132-15">[14]</a>: Section 9.6  </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>DHCPOFFER</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc2132<a href="#cite_note-rfc2132-15">[14]</a>: Section 9.6  </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>DHCPREQUEST</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc2132<a href="#cite_note-rfc2132-15">[14]</a>: Section 9.6  </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>DHCPDECLINE</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc2132<a href="#cite_note-rfc2132-15">[14]</a>: Section 9.6  </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>DHCPACK</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc2132<a href="#cite_note-rfc2132-15">[14]</a>: Section 9.6  </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>DHCPNAK</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc2132<a href="#cite_note-rfc2132-15">[14]</a>: Section 9.6  </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>DHCPRELEASE</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc2132<a href="#cite_note-rfc2132-15">[14]</a>: Section 9.6  </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>DHCPINFORM</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc2132<a href="#cite_note-rfc2132-15">[14]</a>: Section 9.6  </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td>DHCPFORCERENEW</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc3203<a href="#cite_note-rfc3203-16">[15]</a>: Section 4  </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td>DHCPLEASEQUERY</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc4388<a href="#cite_note-rfc4388-17">[16]</a>: Section 6.1  </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td>DHCPLEASEUNASSIGNED</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc4388<a href="#cite_note-rfc4388-17">[16]</a>: Section 6.1  </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td>DHCPLEASEUNKNOWN</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc4388<a href="#cite_note-rfc4388-17">[16]</a>: Section 6.1  </td></tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td>DHCPLEASEACTIVE</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc4388<a href="#cite_note-rfc4388-17">[16]</a>: Section 6.1  </td></tr> <tr> <td>14</td> <td>DHCPBULKLEASEQUERY</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc6926<a href="#cite_note-rfc6926-18">[17]</a>: Section 6.2.1  </td></tr> <tr> <td>15</td> <td>DHCPLEASEQUERYDONE</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc6926<a href="#cite_note-rfc6926-18">[17]</a>: Section 6.2.1  </td></tr> <tr> <td>16</td> <td>DHCPACTIVELEASEQUERY</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc7724<a href="#cite_note-rfc7724-19">[18]</a>: Section 5.2.1  </td></tr> <tr> <td>17</td> <td>DHCPLEASEQUERYSTATUS</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc7724<a href="#cite_note-rfc7724-19">[18]</a>: Section 5.2.1  </td></tr> <tr> <td>18</td> <td>DHCPTLS</td> <td>1 octet</td> <td>rfc7724<a href="#cite_note-rfc7724-19">[18]</a>: Section 5.2.1  </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Client_vendor_identification">Client vendor identification</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Client vendor identification">edit</a>]</div> An option exists to identify the vendor and functionality of a DHCP client. The information is a <a href="/wiki/Variable-length_code" title="Variable-length code">variable-length string</a> of characters or octets which has a meaning specified by the vendor of the DHCP client. One method by which a DHCP client can communicate to the server that it is using a certain type of hardware or firmware is to set a value in its DHCP requests called the Vendor Class Identifier (VCI) (Option 60). The value to which this option is set gives the DHCP server a hint about any required extra information that this client needs in a DHCP response. Some types of <a href="/wiki/Set-top_boxes" class="mw-redirect" title="Set-top boxes">set-top boxes</a> set the VCI to inform the DHCP server about the hardware type and functionality of the device. An <a href="/wiki/Aruba_Networks" title="Aruba Networks">Aruba</a> campus <a href="/wiki/Wireless_access_point" title="Wireless access point">wireless access point</a>, for example, supplies value 'ArubaAP' as option 60 in its DHCPDISCOVER message.<a href="#cite_note-option60"-20">[19]</a> The DHCP server can then augment its DHCPOFFER with an IP address of an Aruba <a href="/wiki/Wireless_controller" class="mw-redirect" title="Wireless controller">wireless controller</a> in option 43, so the access point knows where to register itself. Setting a VCI by the client allows a DHCP server to differentiate between client machines and process the requests from them appropriately. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_extensions">Other extensions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Other extensions">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Documented DHCP options </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Code</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Length</th> <th>RFC </th></tr> <tr> <td>77</td> <td>User Class</td> <td>Minimum of 2 octets</td> <td>RFC 3004<a href="#cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp77-21">[20]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>82</td> <td><a href="#Relay_agent_information_sub-options">Relay agent information</a></td> <td>Minimum of 2 octets</td> <td>RFC 3046<a href="#cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp82-22">[21]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>85</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Novell_Directory_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Novell Directory Service">Novell Directory Service</a> (NDS) servers</td> <td>Minimum of 4 octets, multiple of 4 octets</td> <td>RFC 2241<a href="#cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp85-86-87-23">[22]</a>: Section 2  </td></tr> <tr> <td>86</td> <td>NDS tree name</td> <td>Variable</td> <td>RFC 2241<a href="#cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp85-86-87-23">[22]</a>: Section 3  </td></tr> <tr> <td>87</td> <td>NDS context</td> <td>Variable</td> <td>RFC 2241<a href="#cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp85-86-87-23">[22]</a>: Section 4  </td></tr> <tr> <td>100</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a>, POSIX style</td> <td>Variable</td> <td>RFC 4833<a href="#cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp100-101-24">[23]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>101</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tz_database" title="Tz database">tz database</a> style</td> <td>Variable</td> <td>RFC 4833<a href="#cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp100-101-24">[23]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>114</td> <td>DHCP Captive-Portal</td> <td>Variable</td> <td>RFC 8910<a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>119</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Search_domain" title="Search domain">Domain search</a></td> <td>Variable</td> <td>RFC 3397<a href="#cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp119-26">[25]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>121</td> <td>Classless static route</td> <td>Variable</td> <td>RFC 3442<a href="#cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp121-27">[26]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>209</td> <td>Configuration File</td> <td>Variable</td> <td>RFC 5071<a href="#cite_note-rfc5071-28">[27]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>210</td> <td>Path Prefix</td> <td>Variable</td> <td>RFC 5071<a href="#cite_note-rfc5071-28">[27]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>211</td> <td>Reboot Time</td> <td>Variable</td> <td>RFC 5071<a href="#cite_note-rfc5071-28">[27]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Relay_agent_information_sub-options">Relay agent information sub-options</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Relay agent information sub-options">edit</a>]</div> The relay agent information option (option 82) specifies container for attaching sub-options to DHCP requests transmitted between a DHCP relay and a DHCP server.<a href="#cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp82-22">[21]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Relay agent sub-options </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Code</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Length</th> <th>RFC </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>Agent Circuit ID</td> <td>Minimum of 1 octet</td> <td>RFC 3046<a href="#cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp82-22">[21]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>Agent Remote ID</td> <td>Minimum of 1 octet</td> <td>RFC 3046<a href="#cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp82-22">[21]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specifications (DOCSIS) device class</td> <td>4 octets</td> <td>RFC 3256<a href="#cite_note-ietf_spec_riasub4-29">[28]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relaying">Relaying</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Relaying">edit</a>]</div> In small networks, where only one IP subnet is being managed, DHCP clients communicate directly with DHCP servers. However, DHCP servers can also provide IP addresses for multiple subnets. In this case, a DHCP client that has not yet acquired an IP address cannot communicate directly with a DHCP server not on the same subnet, as the client's broadcast can only be received on its own subnet. In order to allow DHCP clients on subnets not directly served by DHCP servers to communicate with DHCP servers, DHCP relay agents can be installed on these subnets. A DHCP relay agent runs on a network device, capable of <a href="/wiki/Routing" title="Routing">routing</a> between the client's subnet and the subnet of the DHCP server. The DHCP client broadcasts on the local link; the relay agent receives the broadcast and transmits it to one or more DHCP servers using <a href="/wiki/Unicast" title="Unicast">unicast</a>. The IP addresses of the DHCP servers are manually configured in the relay agent. The relay agent stores its own IP address, from the interface on which it has received the client's broadcast, in the GIADDR field of the DHCP packet. The DHCP server uses the GIADDR-value to determine the subnet, and subsequently the corresponding address pool, from which to allocate an IP address. When the DHCP server replies to the client, it sends the reply to the GIADDR-address, again using unicast. The relay agent then retransmits the response on the local network, using unicast (in most cases) to the newly reserved IP address, in an <a href="/wiki/Ethernet_frame" title="Ethernet frame">Ethernet frame</a> directed to the client's MAC address. The client should accept the packet as its own, even when that IP address is not yet set on the interface.<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a>: 25  Directly after processing the packet, the client sets the IP address on its interface and is ready for regular IP communication, directly thereafter. If the client's implementation of the IP stack does not accept unicast packets when it has no IP address yet, the client may set the broadcast bit in the FLAGS field when sending a DHCPDISCOVER packet. The relay agent will use the 255.255.255.255 broadcast IP address (and the clients MAC address) to inform the client of the server's DHCPOFFER. The communication between the relay agent and the DHCP server typically uses both a source and destination UDP port of 67. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Client_states">Client states</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Client states">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dhcp-client-state-diagram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Dhcp-client-state-diagram.svg/220px-Dhcp-client-state-diagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Dhcp-client-state-diagram.svg/330px-Dhcp-client-state-diagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Dhcp-client-state-diagram.svg/440px-Dhcp-client-state-diagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="818" data-file-height="460" /></a><figcaption>A simplified DHCP client state-transition diagram based on figure 5 of RFC 2131</figcaption></figure> A DHCP client can receive these messages from a server:<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a>: §4.4  <ul><li>DHCPOFFER</li> <li>DHCPACK</li> <li>DHCPNAK</li></ul> The client moves through DHCP states depending on how the server responds to the messages that the client sends. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reliability">Reliability</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Reliability">edit</a>]</div> The DHCP ensures reliability in several ways: periodic renewal, rebinding,<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a>: §4.4.5  and failover. DHCP clients are allocated leases that last for some period of time. Clients begin to attempt to renew their leases once half the lease interval has expired.<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a>: §4.4.5 Paragraph 3  They do this by sending a unicast DHCPREQUEST message to the DHCP server that granted the original lease. If that server is down or unreachable, it will fail to respond to the DHCPREQUEST. However, in that case the client repeats the DHCPREQUEST from time to time,<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a>: §4.4.5 Paragraph 8 <a href="#cite_note-30">[b]</a> so if the DHCP server comes back up or becomes reachable again, the DHCP client will succeed in contacting it and renew the lease. If the DHCP server is unreachable for an extended period of time,<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a>: §4.4.5 Paragraph 5  the DHCP client will attempt to rebind, by broadcasting its DHCPREQUEST rather than unicasting it. Because it is <a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_(networking)" title="Broadcasting (networking)">broadcast</a>, the DHCPREQUEST message will reach all available DHCP servers. If some other DHCP server is able to renew the lease, it will do so at this time. In order for rebinding to work, when the client successfully contacts a backup DHCP server, that server must have accurate information about the client's binding. Maintaining accurate binding information between two servers is a complicated problem; if both servers are able to update the same lease database, there must be a mechanism to avoid conflicts between updates on the independent servers. A proposal for implementing <a href="/wiki/Fault-tolerant" class="mw-redirect" title="Fault-tolerant">fault-tolerant</a> DHCP servers was submitted to the Internet Engineering Task Force, but never formalized.<a href="#cite_note-31">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[c]</a> If rebinding fails, the lease will eventually expire. When the lease expires, the client must stop using the IP address granted to it in its lease.<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a>: §4.4.5 Paragraph 9  At that time it will restart the DHCP process from the beginning by broadcasting a <code>DHCPDISCOVER</code> message. Since its lease has expired, it will accept any IP address offered to it. Once it has a new IP address (presumably from a different DHCP server) it will once again be able to use the network. However, since its IP address has changed, any ongoing connections will be broken. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="IPv6_networks">IPv6 networks</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: IPv6 networks">edit</a>]</div> The basic methodology of DHCP was developed for networks based on <a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol_version_4" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Protocol version 4">Internet Protocol version 4</a> (IPv4). Since the development and deployment of <a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a> networks, DHCP has also been used for assigning parameters in such networks, despite the inherent features of IPv6 for <a href="/wiki/Stateless_address_autoconfiguration" class="mw-redirect" title="Stateless address autoconfiguration">stateless address autoconfiguration</a>. The IPv6 version of the protocol is designated as <a href="/wiki/DHCPv6" title="DHCPv6">DHCPv6</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-33">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Security">Security</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Security">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/DHCP_snooping" title="DHCP snooping">DHCP snooping</a></div> The base DHCP does not include any mechanism for authentication.<a href="#cite_note-rfc3046-34">[31]</a>: §7  Because of this, it is vulnerable to a variety of attacks. These attacks fall into three main categories:<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a>: sec. 7  <ul><li>Unauthorized DHCP servers providing false information to clients.</li> <li>Unauthorized clients gaining access to resources.</li> <li>Resource exhaustion attacks from malicious DHCP clients.</li></ul> Because the client has no way to validate the identity of a DHCP server, unauthorized DHCP servers (commonly called "<a href="/wiki/Rogue_DHCP" title="Rogue DHCP">rogue DHCP</a>") can be operated on networks, providing incorrect information to DHCP clients.<a href="#cite_note-Stapko2011-35">[32]</a> This can serve either as a denial-of-service attack, preventing the client from gaining access to network connectivity,<a href="#cite_note-Rountree2013-36">[33]</a> or as a <a href="/wiki/Man-in-the-middle_attack" title="Man-in-the-middle attack">man-in-the-middle attack</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Rooney2011-37">[34]</a> Because the DHCP server provides the DHCP client with server IP addresses, such as the IP address of one or more DNS servers,<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a>: sec. 7  an attacker can convince a DHCP client to do its DNS lookups through its own DNS server, and can therefore provide its own answers to DNS queries from the client.<a href="#cite_note-DNSRedirect-38">[35]</a> This in turn allows the attacker to redirect network traffic through itself, allowing it to eavesdrop on connections between the client and network servers it contacts, or to simply replace those network servers with its own.<a href="#cite_note-DNSRedirect-38">[35]</a> Because the DHCP server has no secure mechanism for authenticating the client, clients can gain unauthorized access to IP addresses by presenting credentials, such as client identifiers, that belong to other DHCP clients.<a href="#cite_note-Stapko2011-35">[32]</a> This also allows DHCP clients to exhaust the DHCP server's store of IP addresses—by presenting new credentials each time it asks for an address, the client can consume all the available IP addresses on a particular network link, preventing other DHCP clients from getting service.<a href="#cite_note-Stapko2011-35">[32]</a> DHCP does provide some mechanisms for mitigating these problems. The <a href="#Relay_agent_information_sub-options">Relay Agent Information Option</a> protocol extension<a href="#cite_note-rfc3046-34">[31]</a> (usually referred to in the industry by its actual number as Option 82<a href="#cite_note-HensCaballero2008-39">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ramirez2008-40">[37]</a>) allows network operators to attach tags to DHCP messages as these messages arrive on the network operator's trusted network. This tag is then used as an authorization token to control the client's access to network resources. Because the client has no access to the network upstream of the relay agent, the lack of authentication does not prevent the DHCP server operator from relying on the authorization token.<a href="#cite_note-rfc3046-34">[31]</a>: sec. 7  Another extension, Authentication for DHCP Messages<a href="#cite_note-rfc3118-41">[38]</a> (RFC 3118), provides a mechanism for authenticating DHCP messages. As of 2002, this extension had not seen widespread adoption because of the problems of managing keys for large numbers of DHCP clients.<a href="#cite_note-42">[39]</a> A 2007 book about DSL technologies remarked that:<blockquote>[T]here were numerous security vulnerabilities identified against the security measures proposed by RFC 3118. This fact, combined with the introduction of <a href="/wiki/802.1X" class="mw-redirect" title="802.1X">802.1X</a>, slowed the deployment and take-rate of authenticated DHCP, and it has never been widely deployed.<a href="#cite_note-GoldenDedieu2007-43">[40]</a></blockquote> A 2010 book notes that:<blockquote>[T]here have been very few implementations of DHCP Authentication. The challenges of key management and processing delays due to hash computation have been deemed too heavy a price to pay for the perceived benefits.<a href="#cite_note-Rooney2011b-44">[41]</a></blockquote> Architectural proposals from 2008 involve authenticating DHCP requests using <a href="/wiki/802.1X" class="mw-redirect" title="802.1X">802.1X</a> or <a href="/wiki/Protocol_for_Carrying_Authentication_for_Network_Access" title="Protocol for Carrying Authentication for Network Access">PANA</a> (both of which transport <a href="/wiki/Extensible_Authentication_Protocol" title="Extensible Authentication Protocol">EAP</a>).<a href="#cite_note-Copeland2008-45">[42]</a> An IETF proposal was made for including EAP in DHCP itself, the so-called <abbr>EAPoDHCP</abbr>;<a href="#cite_note-PrasadMihovska2009-46">[43]</a> this does not appear to have progressed beyond IETF draft level, the last of which dates to 2010.<a href="#cite_note-47">[44]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="IETF_standards_documents">IETF standards documents</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: IETF standards documents">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style>RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2131">2131</a>, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2132">2132</a>, DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor Extensions</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3046">3046</a>, DHCP Relay Agent Information Option</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3397">3397</a>, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Domain Search Option</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3942">3942</a>, Reclassifying Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Version Four (DHCPv4) Options</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4242">4242</a>, Information Refresh Time Option for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4361">4361</a>, Node-specific Client Identifiers for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Version Four (DHCPv4)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4436">4436</a>, Detecting Network Attachment in IPv4 (DNAv4)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3442">3442</a>, Classless Static Route Option for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) version 4</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3203">3203</a>, DHCP reconfigure extension</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4388">4388</a>, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Leasequery</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6926">6926</a>, DHCPv4 Bulk Leasequery</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7724">7724</a>, Active DHCPv4 Lease Query</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boot_Service_Discovery_Protocol" title="Boot Service Discovery Protocol">Boot Service Discovery Protocol</a> (BSDP) – a DHCP extension used by Apple's <a href="/wiki/NetBoot" title="NetBoot">NetBoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_DHCP_server_software" title="Comparison of DHCP server software">Comparison of DHCP server software</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFK._van_den_HoutA._KoopalR._van_Mook1998" class="citation cs1">K. van den Hout; A. Koopal; R. van Mook (1 April 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2322">Management of IP numbers by peg-dhcp</a>. Network Working Group. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC2322">10.17487/RFC2322</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2322">2322</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Management+of+IP+numbers+by+peg-dhcp&rft.pub=Network+Working+Group&rft.date=1998-04-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC2322&rft.au=K.+van+den+Hout&rft.au=A.+Koopal&rft.au=R.+van+Mook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc2322&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> Informational. This is an <a href="/wiki/April_Fools%27_Day_Request_for_Comments" title="April Fools' Day Request for Comments">April Fools' Day Request for Comments</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preboot_Execution_Environment" title="Preboot Execution Environment">Preboot Execution Environment</a> (PXE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_Address_Resolution_Protocol" title="Reverse Address Resolution Protocol">Reverse Address Resolution Protocol</a> (RARP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogue_DHCP" title="Rogue DHCP">Rogue DHCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UDP_Helper_Address" title="UDP Helper Address">UDP Helper Address</a> – a tool for routing DHCP requests across subnet boundaries</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeroconf" class="mw-redirect" title="Zeroconf">Zeroconf</a> – Zero Configuration Networking</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kea_(software)" title="Kea (software)">Kea</a> – an open-source DHCP server developed by the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Systems_Consortium" title="Internet Systems Consortium">Internet Systems Consortium</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-optional-unicasts-13"><a href="#cite_ref-optional-unicasts_13-0">^</a> As an optional client behavior, some broadcasts, such as those carrying DHCP discovery and request messages, may be replaced with unicasts in case the DHCP client already knows the DHCP server's IP address.<a href="#cite_note-rfc2131-8">[8]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> The RFC calls for the client to wait one half of the remaining time until T2 before it retransmits the DHCPREQUEST packet </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> The proposal provided a mechanism whereby two servers could remain loosely in sync with each other in such a way that even in the event of a total failure of one server, the other server could recover the lease database and continue operating. Due to the length and complexity of the specification, it was never published as a standard; however, the techniques described in the proposal are in wide use, with open-source and several commercial implementations. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-TechTarget-1"><a href="#cite_ref-TechTarget_1-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGillis" class="citation web cs1">Gillis, Alexander S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/DHCP">"What is DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)?"</a>. TechTarget: SearchNetworking. Retrieved 19 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechTarget%3A+SearchNetworking&rft.atitle=What+is+DHCP+%28Dynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol%29%3F&rft.aulast=Gillis&rft.aufirst=Alexander+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsearchnetworking.techtarget.com%2Fdefinition%2FDHCP&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetersonDavie2011" class="citation book cs1">Peterson, Larry L.; Davie, Bruce S. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BvaFreun1W8C&pg=PA372">Computer Networks: A Systems Approach</a> (5th ed.). Elsevier. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-385060-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-385060-7"><bdi>978-0-12-385060-7</bdi></a>. Retrieved March 21, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Computer+Networks%3A+A+Systems+Approach&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-12-385060-7&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=Larry+L.&rft.au=Davie%2C+Bruce+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBvaFreun1W8C%26pg%3DPA372&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc903-3"><a href="#cite_ref-rfc903_3-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFR._FinlaysonT._MannJ._MogulM._Theimer1984" class="citation cs1">R. Finlayson; T. Mann; J. Mogul; M. Theimer (June 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc903">A Reverse Address Resolution Protocol</a>. Network Working Group. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC0903">10.17487/RFC0903</a>. STD 38. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc903">903</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Reverse+Address+Resolution+Protocol&rft.pub=Network+Working+Group&rft.date=1984-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC0903&rft.au=R.+Finlayson&rft.au=T.+Mann&rft.au=J.+Mogul&rft.au=M.+Theimer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc903&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> Internet Standard 38. </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc951-4"><a href="#cite_ref-rfc951_4-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBill_CroftJohn_Gilmore1985" class="citation cs1">Bill Croft; John Gilmore (September 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc951">BOOTSTRAP PROTOCOL (BOOTP)</a>. Network Working Group. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC0951">10.17487/RFC0951</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc951">951</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=BOOTSTRAP+PROTOCOL+%28BOOTP%29&rft.pub=Network+Working+Group&rft.date=1985-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC0951&rft.au=Bill+Croft&rft.au=John+Gilmore&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc951&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> Draft Standard. Updated by <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1395">1395</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1497">1497</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1532">1532</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1542">1542</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc5494">5494</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc1531-5"><a href="#cite_ref-rfc1531_5-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFR._Droms1993" class="citation cs1">R. Droms (October 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1531">Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol</a>. Network Working Group. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC1531">10.17487/RFC1531</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1531">1531</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol&rft.pub=Network+Working+Group&rft.date=1993-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC1531&rft.au=R.+Droms&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc1531&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> Obsolete. Obsoleted by <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1541">1541</a>, due to errors in the editorial process. </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc1541-6"><a href="#cite_ref-rfc1541_6-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFR._Droms1993" class="citation cs1">R. Droms (October 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1541">Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol</a>. Network Working Group. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC1541">10.17487/RFC1541</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1541">1541</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol&rft.pub=Network+Working+Group&rft.date=1993-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC1541&rft.au=R.+Droms&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc1541&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> Obsolete. Obsoleted by <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2131">2131</a>. Obsoletes <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1531">1531</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Network+_certification-7"><a href="#cite_ref-Network+_certification_7-0">^</a> Network+ Certification 2006 Published By Microsoft Press. </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc2131-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2131_8-16">q</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFR._Droms1997" class="citation cs1">R. Droms (March 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2131">Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol</a>. Network Working Group. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC2131">10.17487/RFC2131</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2131">2131</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol&rft.pub=Network+Working+Group&rft.date=1997-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC2131&rft.au=R.+Droms&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc2131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> Draft Standard. Obsoletes <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1541">1541</a>. Updated by <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3396">3396</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4361">4361</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc5494">5494</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6842">6842</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc3315-9"><a href="#cite_ref-rfc3315_9-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJ._BoundB._VolzT._LemonC._Perkins2002" class="citation cs1">J. Bound; B. Volz; T. Lemon; C. Perkins; M. Carney (July 2002). R. Droms (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3315">Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)</a>. Network Working Group. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC3315">10.17487/RFC3315</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3315">3315</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol+for+IPv6+%28DHCPv6%29&rft.pub=Network+Working+Group&rft.date=2002-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC3315&rft.au=J.+Bound&rft.au=B.+Volz&rft.au=T.+Lemon&rft.au=C.+Perkins&rft.au=M.+Carney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc3315&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> Obsolete. Obsoleted by <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/RFC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="RFC (identifier)">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8415">8415</a>. Updated by <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4361">4361</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc5494">5494</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6221">6221</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6422">6422</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6644">6644</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7083">7083</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7283">7283</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7227">7227</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7550">7550</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc8415-10"><a href="#cite_ref-rfc8415_10-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFT._MrugalskiM._SiodelskiB._VolzA._Yourtchenko2018" class="citation cs1">T. Mrugalski; M. Siodelski; B. Volz; A. Yourtchenko; M. Richardson; S. Jiang; T. Lemon; T. Winters (November 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8415">Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)</a>. <a href="/wiki/IETF" class="mw-redirect" title="IETF">IETF</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC8415">10.17487/RFC8415</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2070-1721">2070-1721</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8415">8415</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol+for+IPv6+%28DHCPv6%29&rft.pub=IETF&rft.date=2018-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC8415&rft.issn=2070-1721&rft.au=T.+Mrugalski&rft.au=M.+Siodelski&rft.au=B.+Volz&rft.au=A.+Yourtchenko&rft.au=M.+Richardson&rft.au=S.+Jiang&rft.au=T.+Lemon&rft.au=T.+Winters&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc8415&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> Proposed Standard. Obsoletes <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3315">3315</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3633">3633</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3736">3736</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4242">4242</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7083">7083</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7283">7283</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7550">7550</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://routeripnet.com/dhcp/">"DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DHCP+-+Dynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frouteripnet.com%2Fdhcp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDromsLemon2003" class="citation book cs1">Droms, Ralph; Lemon, Ted (2003). The DHCP Handbook. <a href="/wiki/SAMS_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="SAMS Publishing">SAMS Publishing</a>. p. 436. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-672-32327-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-672-32327-0"><bdi>978-0-672-32327-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+DHCP+Handbook&rft.pages=436&rft.pub=SAMS+Publishing&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-672-32327-0&rft.aulast=Droms&rft.aufirst=Ralph&rft.au=Lemon%2C+Ted&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_14-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/bootp-dhcp-parameters/bootp-dhcp-parameters.xhtml">"Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) Parameters"</a>. iana.org. Retrieved 2018-10-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol+%28DHCP%29+and+Bootstrap+Protocol+%28BOOTP%29+Parameters&rft.pub=iana.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iana.org%2Fassignments%2Fbootp-dhcp-parameters%2Fbootp-dhcp-parameters.xhtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc2132-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2132_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2132_15-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2132_15-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2132_15-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2132_15-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2132_15-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2132_15-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2132_15-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2132_15-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2132_15-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2132_15-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2132_15-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2132_15-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2132_15-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2132_15-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc2132_15-15">p</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFS._AlexanderR._Droms1997" class="citation cs1">S. Alexander; R. Droms (March 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2132">DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor Extensions</a>. Network Working Group. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC2132">10.17487/RFC2132</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2132">2132</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=DHCP+Options+and+BOOTP+Vendor+Extensions&rft.pub=Network+Working+Group&rft.date=1997-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC2132&rft.au=S.+Alexander&rft.au=R.+Droms&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc2132&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> Draft Standard. Obsoletes <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1533">1533</a>. Updated by <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3442">3442</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3942">3942</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4361">4361</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4833">4833</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc5494">5494</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc3203-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rfc3203_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc3203_16-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFT'joensDe_Schrijver2001" class="citation cs1">T'joens, Yves; De Schrijver, Peter (December 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3203">DHCP reconfigure extension</a>. <a href="/wiki/IETF" class="mw-redirect" title="IETF">IETF</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC3203">10.17487/RFC3203</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3203">3203</a>. Retrieved November 13, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=DHCP+reconfigure+extension&rft.pub=IETF&rft.date=2001-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC3203&rft.aulast=T%27joens&rft.aufirst=Yves&rft.au=De+Schrijver%2C+Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc3203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc4388-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rfc4388_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc4388_17-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc4388_17-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc4388_17-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc4388_17-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoundyKinnear2006" class="citation cs1">Woundy, Rich; Kinnear, Kim (February 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4388">Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Leasequery</a>. <a href="/wiki/IETF" class="mw-redirect" title="IETF">IETF</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC4388">10.17487/RFC4388</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4388">4388</a>. Retrieved November 13, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol+%28DHCP%29+Leasequery&rft.pub=IETF&rft.date=2006-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC4388&rft.aulast=Woundy&rft.aufirst=Rich&rft.au=Kinnear%2C+Kim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc4388&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc6926-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rfc6926_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc6926_18-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc6926_18-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKinnearStappRaoJoshi2013" class="citation cs1">Kinnear, Kim; Stapp, Mark; Rao, D.T.V Ramakrishna; Joshi, Bharat; Russell, Neil; Kurapati, Pavan; Volz, Bernie (April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6926">DHCPv4 Bulk Leasequery</a>. <a href="/wiki/IETF" class="mw-redirect" title="IETF">IETF</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC6926">10.17487/RFC6926</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6926">6926</a>. Retrieved November 13, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=DHCPv4+Bulk+Leasequery&rft.pub=IETF&rft.date=2013-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC6926&rft.aulast=Kinnear&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft.au=Stapp%2C+Mark&rft.au=Rao%2C+D.T.V+Ramakrishna&rft.au=Joshi%2C+Bharat&rft.au=Russell%2C+Neil&rft.au=Kurapati%2C+Pavan&rft.au=Volz%2C+Bernie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc6926&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc7724-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rfc7724_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc7724_19-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc7724_19-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc7724_19-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKinnearStappVolzRussell2015" class="citation cs1">Kinnear, Kim; Stapp, Mark; Volz, Bernie; Russell, Neil (December 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7724">Active DHCPv4 Lease Query</a>. <a href="/wiki/IETF" class="mw-redirect" title="IETF">IETF</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC7724">10.17487/RFC7724</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7724">7724</a>. Retrieved November 13, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Active+DHCPv4+Lease+Query&rft.pub=IETF&rft.date=2015-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC7724&rft.aulast=Kinnear&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft.au=Stapp%2C+Mark&rft.au=Volz%2C+Bernie&rft.au=Russell%2C+Neil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc7724&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-option60"-20"><a href="#cite_ref-option60"_20-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://the-ethernets.com/2020/10/aruba-dhcp-option-60/">"Aruba DHCP Option 60"</a>. 7 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aruba+DHCP+Option+60&rft.date=2020-10-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthe-ethernets.com%2F2020%2F10%2Faruba-dhcp-option-60%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp77-21"><a href="#cite_ref-ietf_spec_dhcp77_21-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStumpDromsGuVyaghrapuri2000" class="citation journal cs1">Stump, G.; Droms, R.; Gu, Y.; Vyaghrapuri, R.; Demirtjis, A.; Beser, B.; Privat, J. (November 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3004">"The User Class Option for DHCP"</a>. IETF Documents. <a href="/wiki/IETF" class="mw-redirect" title="IETF">IETF</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC3004">10.17487/RFC3004</a>. Retrieved 2 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IETF+Documents&rft.atitle=The+User+Class+Option+for+DHCP&rft.date=2000-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC3004&rft.aulast=Stump&rft.aufirst=G.&rft.au=Droms%2C+R.&rft.au=Gu%2C+Y.&rft.au=Vyaghrapuri%2C+R.&rft.au=Demirtjis%2C+A.&rft.au=Beser%2C+B.&rft.au=Privat%2C+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fhtml%2Frfc3004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp82-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ietf_spec_dhcp82_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ietf_spec_dhcp82_22-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ietf_spec_dhcp82_22-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ietf_spec_dhcp82_22-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatrick2001" class="citation journal cs1">Patrick, Michael (January 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3046">"DHCP Relay Agent Information Option"</a>. IETF Documents. <a href="/wiki/IETF" class="mw-redirect" title="IETF">IETF</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC3046">10.17487/RFC3046</a>. Retrieved 22 July 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IETF+Documents&rft.atitle=DHCP+Relay+Agent+Information+Option&rft.date=2001-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC3046&rft.aulast=Patrick&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fhtml%2Frfc3046&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp85-86-87-23">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ietf_spec_dhcp85-86-87_23-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ietf_spec_dhcp85-86-87_23-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ietf_spec_dhcp85-86-87_23-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProvan1997" class="citation journal cs1">Provan, Don (November 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2241">"RFC 2241 – DHCP Options for Novell Directory Services"</a>. IETF Documents. <a href="/wiki/IETF" class="mw-redirect" title="IETF">IETF</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC3256">10.17487/RFC3256</a>. Retrieved 23 July 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IETF+Documents&rft.atitle=RFC+2241+%E2%80%93+DHCP+Options+for+Novell+Directory+Services&rft.date=1997-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC3256&rft.aulast=Provan&rft.aufirst=Don&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fhtml%2Frfc2241&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp100-101-24">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ietf_spec_dhcp100-101_24-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ietf_spec_dhcp100-101_24-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLearEggert2007" class="citation journal cs1">Lear, E.; Eggert, P. (April 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4833">"Timezone Options for DHCP"</a>. IETF Documents. <a href="/wiki/IETF" class="mw-redirect" title="IETF">IETF</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC4833">10.17487/RFC4833</a>. Retrieved 28 June 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IETF+Documents&rft.atitle=Timezone+Options+for+DHCP&rft.date=2007-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC4833&rft.aulast=Lear&rft.aufirst=E.&rft.au=Eggert%2C+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fhtml%2Frfc4833&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKumari2020" class="citation journal cs1">Kumari, Warren (September 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8910">"RFC 8910 - Captive-Portal Identification in DHCP and Router Advertisements (RAs)"</a>. ietf.org. IETF. Retrieved 25 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ietf.org&rft.atitle=RFC+8910+-+Captive-Portal+Identification+in+DHCP+and+Router+Advertisements+%28RAs%29&rft.date=2020-09&rft.aulast=Kumari&rft.aufirst=Warren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fhtml%2Frfc8910&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp119-26"><a href="#cite_ref-ietf_spec_dhcp119_26-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernardStuart2002" class="citation journal cs1">Bernard, Aboba; Stuart, Cheshire (November 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3397">"RFC 3397 – Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Domain Search Option"</a>. IETF Documents. <a href="/wiki/IETF" class="mw-redirect" title="IETF">IETF</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC3397">10.17487/RFC3397</a>. Retrieved 22 July 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IETF+Documents&rft.atitle=RFC+3397+%E2%80%93+Dynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol+%28DHCP%29+Domain+Search+Option&rft.date=2002-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC3397&rft.aulast=Bernard&rft.aufirst=Aboba&rft.au=Stuart%2C+Cheshire&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fhtml%2Frfc3397&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ietf_spec_dhcp121-27"><a href="#cite_ref-ietf_spec_dhcp121_27-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLemonCheshireVolz2002" class="citation cs1">Lemon, T.; Cheshire, S.; Volz, B. (December 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3442">The Classless Static Route Option for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)</a>. v. 4. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC3442">10.17487/RFC3442</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3442">3442</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Classless+Static+Route+Option+for+Dynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol+%28DHCP%29&rft.series=v.+4&rft.date=2002-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC3442&rft.aulast=Lemon&rft.aufirst=T.&rft.au=Cheshire%2C+S.&rft.au=Volz%2C+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fhtml%2Frfc3442&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc5071-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rfc5071_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc5071_28-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc5071_28-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHankins2007" class="citation journal cs1">Hankins, David (December 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5071">"RFC 5071 - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Options Used by PXELINUX"</a>. ietf.org. IETF. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC5071">10.17487/RFC5071</a>. Retrieved 25 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ietf.org&rft.atitle=RFC+5071+-+Dynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol+Options+Used+by+PXELINUX&rft.date=2007-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC5071&rft.aulast=Hankins&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fhtml%2Frfc5071&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ietf_spec_riasub4-29"><a href="#cite_ref-ietf_spec_riasub4_29-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDougRich2002" class="citation journal cs1">Doug, Jones; Rich, Woundy (April 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3256">"RFC 3256 – The DOCSIS (Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specifications) Device Class DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Relay Agent Information Sub-option"</a>. IETF Documents. <a href="/wiki/IETF" class="mw-redirect" title="IETF">IETF</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC3256">10.17487/RFC3256</a>. Retrieved 23 July 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IETF+Documents&rft.atitle=RFC+3256+%E2%80%93+The+DOCSIS+%28Data-Over-Cable+Service+Interface+Specifications%29+Device+Class+DHCP+%28Dynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol%29+Relay+Agent+Information+Sub-option&rft.date=2002-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC3256&rft.aulast=Doug&rft.aufirst=Jones&rft.au=Rich%2C+Woundy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fhtml%2Frfc3256&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDromsKinnearStappVolz2003" class="citation cs1">Droms, Ralph; Kinnear, Kim; Stapp, Mark; Volz, Bernie; Gonczi, Steve; Rabil, Greg; Dooley, Michael; Kapur, Arun (March 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-dhc-failover-12">DHCP Failover Protocol</a>. <a href="/wiki/IETF" class="mw-redirect" title="IETF">IETF</a>. I-D draft-ietf-dhc-failover-12. Retrieved May 9, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=DHCP+Failover+Protocol&rft.pub=IETF&rft.date=2003-03&rft.aulast=Droms&rft.aufirst=Ralph&rft.au=Kinnear%2C+Kim&rft.au=Stapp%2C+Mark&rft.au=Volz%2C+Bernie&rft.au=Gonczi%2C+Steve&rft.au=Rabil%2C+Greg&rft.au=Dooley%2C+Michael&rft.au=Kapur%2C+Arun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Fdraft-ietf-dhc-failover-12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-33"><a href="#cite_ref-:1_33-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeinberg2018" class="citation web cs1">Weinberg, Neal (2018-08-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.networkworld.com/article/3297800/why-dhcps-days-might-be-numbered.html">"Why DHCP's days might be numbered"</a>. Network World. Retrieved 2019-08-07.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Network+World&rft.atitle=Why+DHCP%27s+days+might+be+numbered&rft.date=2018-08-14&rft.aulast=Weinberg&rft.aufirst=Neal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.networkworld.com%2Farticle%2F3297800%2Fwhy-dhcps-days-might-be-numbered.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc3046-34">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rfc3046_34-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc3046_34-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc3046_34-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFM._Patrick2001" class="citation cs1">M. Patrick (January 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3046">DHCP Relay Agent Information Option</a>. Network Working Group. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC3046">10.17487/RFC3046</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3046">3046</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=DHCP+Relay+Agent+Information+Option&rft.pub=Network+Working+Group&rft.date=2001-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC3046&rft.au=M.+Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc3046&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> Proposed Standard. Updated by <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222">RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6607">6607</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Stapko2011-35">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stapko2011_35-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stapko2011_35-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stapko2011_35-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStapko2011" class="citation book cs1">Stapko, Timothy (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Mly55VntuYMC&pg=PA39">Practical Embedded Security: Building Secure Resource-Constrained Systems</a>. Newnes. p. 39. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-08-055131-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-08-055131-9"><bdi>978-0-08-055131-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Practical+Embedded+Security%3A+Building+Secure+Resource-Constrained+Systems&rft.pages=39&rft.pub=Newnes&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-08-055131-9&rft.aulast=Stapko&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMly55VntuYMC%26pg%3DPA39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rountree2013-36"><a href="#cite_ref-Rountree2013_36-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRountree2013" class="citation book cs1">Rountree, Derrick (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NFzou_d4MGUC&pg=SA2-PA13">Windows 2012 Server Network Security: Securing Your Windows Network Systems and Infrastructure</a>. Newnes. p. 22. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59749-965-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59749-965-1"><bdi>978-1-59749-965-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Windows+2012+Server+Network+Security%3A+Securing+Your+Windows+Network+Systems+and+Infrastructure&rft.pages=22&rft.pub=Newnes&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-59749-965-1&rft.aulast=Rountree&rft.aufirst=Derrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNFzou_d4MGUC%26pg%3DSA2-PA13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rooney2011-37"><a href="#cite_ref-Rooney2011_37-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRooney2010" class="citation book cs1">Rooney, Timothy (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QgRDxkuI1MkC&pg=PA180">Introduction to IP Address Management</a>. John Wiley & Sons. p. 180. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-118-07380-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-118-07380-3"><bdi>978-1-118-07380-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+IP+Address+Management&rft.pages=180&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-118-07380-3&rft.aulast=Rooney&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQgRDxkuI1MkC%26pg%3DPA180&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DNSRedirect-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DNSRedirect_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DNSRedirect_38-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGolovanov_(Kaspersky_Labs)2011" class="citation web cs1">Golovanov (Kaspersky Labs), Sergey (June 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210125194521/https://securelist.com/tdss-loader-now-got-legs/30844/">"TDSS loader now got "legs""</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.securelist.com/en/blog/208188095/TDSS_loader_now_got_legs">the original</a> on 25 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TDSS+loader+now+got+%22legs%22&rft.date=2011-06&rft.aulast=Golovanov+%28Kaspersky+Labs%29&rft.aufirst=Sergey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.securelist.com%2Fen%2Fblog%2F208188095%2FTDSS_loader_now_got_legs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HensCaballero2008-39"><a href="#cite_ref-HensCaballero2008_39-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHensCaballero2008" class="citation book cs1">Hens, Francisco J.; Caballero, José M. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aS1ZngveBIkC&pg=PA239">Triple Play: Building the converged network for IP, VoIP and IPTV</a>. John Wiley & Sons. p. 239. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-75439-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-75439-9"><bdi>978-0-470-75439-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Triple+Play%3A+Building+the+converged+network+for+IP%2C+VoIP+and+IPTV&rft.pages=239&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-470-75439-9&rft.aulast=Hens&rft.aufirst=Francisco+J.&rft.au=Caballero%2C+Jos%C3%A9+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaS1ZngveBIkC%26pg%3DPA239&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ramirez2008-40"><a href="#cite_ref-Ramirez2008_40-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamirez2008" class="citation book cs1">Ramirez, David H. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=70tr_hSDULwC&pg=PA55">IPTV Security: Protecting High-Value Digital Contents</a>. John Wiley & Sons. p. 55. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-72719-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-72719-5"><bdi>978-0-470-72719-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=IPTV+Security%3A+Protecting+High-Value+Digital+Contents&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-470-72719-5&rft.aulast=Ramirez&rft.aufirst=David+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D70tr_hSDULwC%26pg%3DPA55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc3118-41"><a href="#cite_ref-rfc3118_41-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFR._DromsW._Arbaugh2001" class="citation cs1">R. Droms; W. Arbaugh, eds. (June 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3118">Authentication for DHCP Messages</a>. Network Working Group. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC3118">10.17487/RFC3118</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3118">3118</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Authentication+for+DHCP+Messages&rft.pub=Network+Working+Group&rft.date=2001-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC3118&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc3118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> Proposed Standard. </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLemon2002" class="citation web cs1">Lemon, Ted (April 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/dhcwg/current/msg00876.html">"Implementation of RFC 3118"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Implementation+of+RFC+3118&rft.date=2002-04&rft.aulast=Lemon&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ietf.org%2Fmail-archive%2Fweb%2Fdhcwg%2Fcurrent%2Fmsg00876.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GoldenDedieu2007-43"><a href="#cite_ref-GoldenDedieu2007_43-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldenDedieuJacobsen2007" class="citation book cs1">Golden, Philip; Dedieu, Hervé; Jacobsen, Krista S. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Jjkd74jY47oC&pg=PA484">Implementation and Applications of DSL Technology</a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 484. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4200-1307-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4200-1307-8"><bdi>978-1-4200-1307-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Implementation+and+Applications+of+DSL+Technology&rft.pages=484&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-4200-1307-8&rft.aulast=Golden&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.au=Dedieu%2C+Herv%C3%A9&rft.au=Jacobsen%2C+Krista+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJjkd74jY47oC%26pg%3DPA484&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rooney2011b-44"><a href="#cite_ref-Rooney2011b_44-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRooney2010" class="citation book cs1">Rooney, Timothy (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QgRDxkuI1MkC&pg=PA181">Introduction to IP Address Management</a>. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 181–182. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-118-07380-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-118-07380-3"><bdi>978-1-118-07380-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+IP+Address+Management&rft.pages=181-182&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-118-07380-3&rft.aulast=Rooney&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQgRDxkuI1MkC%26pg%3DPA181&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Copeland2008-45"><a href="#cite_ref-Copeland2008_45-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCopeland2008" class="citation book cs1">Copeland, Rebecca (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ruWv8RGkBGgC&pg=PA142">Converging NGN Wireline and Mobile 3G Networks with IMS</a>. Taylor & Francis. pp. 142–143. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4200-1378-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4200-1378-8"><bdi>978-1-4200-1378-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Converging+NGN+Wireline+and+Mobile+3G+Networks+with+IMS&rft.pages=142-143&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-4200-1378-8&rft.aulast=Copeland&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DruWv8RGkBGgC%26pg%3DPA142&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PrasadMihovska2009-46"><a href="#cite_ref-PrasadMihovska2009_46-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrasadMihovska2009" class="citation book cs1">Prasad, Ramjee; Mihovska, Albena (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=w9bEwBwd33MC&pg=PA339">New Horizons in Mobile and Wireless Communications: Networks, services, and applications</a>. Vol. 2. Artech House. p. 339. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60783-970-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60783-970-5"><bdi>978-1-60783-970-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Horizons+in+Mobile+and+Wireless+Communications%3A+Networks%2C+services%2C+and+applications&rft.pages=339&rft.pub=Artech+House&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-60783-970-5&rft.aulast=Prasad&rft.aufirst=Ramjee&rft.au=Mihovska%2C+Albena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dw9bEwBwd33MC%26pg%3DPA339&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150403091552/http://tools.ietf.org/search/draft-pruss-dhcp-auth-dsl-07">"Draft-pruss-DHCP-auth-DSL-07 - EAP Authentication Extensions for the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for Broadband"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tools.ietf.org/search/draft-pruss-dhcp-auth-dsl-07">the original</a> on 2015-04-03. Retrieved 2013-12-12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Draft-pruss-DHCP-auth-DSL-07+-+EAP+Authentication+Extensions+for+the+Dynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol+for+Broadband&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fsearch%2Fdraft-pruss-dhcp-auth-dsl-07&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADynamic+Host+Configuration+Protocol" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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