CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913626411a39406d',cH: 'GnmGPJDfBHvR_4NJFlP18KrONZxA6Fsx88D4V9pSQMs-1739799209-1.2.1.1-Wici0netLFVm2L3AVfzwjEORH.NIFG.nx5wfS62Pqha6vtw4ubVfs9c0V2AX5.9K',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=aerodynamic%20heating&__cf_chl_tk=sUSTZ0Z.voWbz8itsQPmIax2pIgB1RibRTLuwj3KOTY-1739799209-1.0.1.1-ds_3HcNjwfmADhhhOj.ojOXG53aTxacEoQmBXhIdf5c",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739799209',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=aerodynamic%20heating&__cf_chl_f_tk=sUSTZ0Z.voWbz8itsQPmIax2pIgB1RibRTLuwj3KOTY-1739799209-1.0.1.1-ds_3HcNjwfmADhhhOj.ojOXG53aTxacEoQmBXhIdf5c",md: ".rFJE51D92_7WYabZCw7pEjI4HtY._uhYSWBk_CWfFk-1739799209-1.2.1.1-_hIIv40fN3izaQy52Shp7ioQ.eTudpF_2rh1fg0Sj.B04_UpLm7ZeZmZMWsOaOHakbRwt5th_dk36ySQTLb9dvv.wRyGrcZXLKN3_CGnGDLWOIgDzFTO4zlcsNd_EUlKhp558baMAFxNBNq_d_9f6ujEd_4jZXEOS33oqGA8w3feQAv4ks9KQf9_rNQkA47bqjWVqQNxCLvW3KbHv8j4SbOucT7bg84CTxbB5hXEye4HJmhoFDUZYWF3xSFTCrEQYUT08RTjvTO3BpSIKxDtm19DkylafLI6fgeTMLNF.DRGM_Haq7nVeaRSjmWXMALvl9muVZFVZvZZbdZLfTNB2F8XDXJWIxBJ9pYqdLUHWEnGZFeRFVrGsZ4cCE5IrWiBzFsI5mQIIwegHumto6e9ujiUt7ZA_w7vNGzLGFbEGztSo3nPbaO7tfg65oiVnKXDqY5ZNGPIoGhF0lNNc_rMAew93kU0hgxIYGvftTa.3n2zn0fntWSNDpQJgtiEZLqBErjclNqmwdFBw1GN.LXGFYE1QmDrYffOnGcoqUHlDbqmSUkc93T3oBf8EyNagnsdVKqMzSwTDSEcolyRh742hU8DmUoBtSjMqgf3GTNsj0GWC5YOAUONrUVY.smy2QPTtEm_EL0YUNBF6rMyU8v.GHRqZ0uhOBZ3lCTE_dZz9tej2gljN9DaAeLeXhU.DSYh5GaJUmoDCDHcEx2FDDZc4nzC5JEuTBeu5MY7vJDkn4C5QiCxVDwV5At8leXzOItyR2JSspBhDazHjtLh4KoFZphE9wtQOuvYq_.1frO_I24nXnhoxyx6KrDZZYRd7IteFrTKRtxAu8yq6RTAal9WXouYG3pnqNXLVIZK5bIAPy6apkjCHvlh8O9hn3u5LMAGbWGnF3Q99Ge7mjdVcHL9SJVsZgUnJDkbcVZjiCt8H_eBBccDUBBtk.nSziv8J8KvRDN5_G52ddFzSBVCZoCRmbzcK2AiV7ULxeUC0nzmpgLVuok4HFrDW6_zuTllBHljFFKQ.Ot4i6ald8s47_uP0oa.6af0OXSl_w2Br6zuUyY0jVFgJnwcICHg.8_zDJ_Xf5zS30Lc3JnZYhrHhQgQpzQ.gN1rc2N1.xobaoLcv6MhW3aQmVDrkXjzYClGRvbDmNTId_PgcqRYqchyDJFezwG9HAVJnKFUghgDEazhhYLUW.lAEShyZLi_Qhu_cmNYe8kPBr7XARqHbyK9v61q0JIDShnzM2T7gXOr7hIHCxvaffVBqN_wVW9g777Fqo.Xhb16RP5gpBfEeQwvwxdSIr1nZr0PgcaQed3YRA18Dqv93HbAr6OP0e45__hjZ0cavdbzwgtk7NbvRWCt8VGahIWZaQcEmBueX.SXN.4AdPGYgWdmFm_1_4qky21NQ3P7SUvgWmppLIfLna4qLojlDjYf9eO.RgufI8SmG0W8.YFxuybJ2yB22_7N105p9C5MuhZ2AzulO2.qgTZ1yG667AJR.gH6P8V4nyhvaVQ5c4Ll.PNBKdTsvFFqrkIFVQfoaJdV1d_zkjN_0ZwPHUewJOnHBomtfwIPTIw9TZlOYS5r0.qYFdIHtyYP0fNPpbXrDEJFqMhoivXmV8cKmwZCrvudhiUmtVY9mDcu3XNQOJV00L5V1wFt1CPdYBw4.qSh3RRaWt.EGtaftDHRsd1zp4EA22WhjobJO_gkKO0AWYbMH8TvOnWaiolXqmyoTYEYX8wFIJKjV1jQgWjZ40RjE8U9zAQQ0N_j7TE9tAaQGTpPfYo4eHTHN8oJgtFPwOQcDG4ndmMxoD2_R93PwRU8_0NZ.1n1SZsEJWrKu4Zgiz.YHoJ3W0zFvOnHahNyfRA2pGXDyuFZRcArrP8mzsnmQ6Vdsuqb7NXrJSRmtEv.tmcAU8gfoUZn.hbL9ptiYUNwVfxcDBLG_3Rvyrv86m5.RG3IMyW3_PtCz48U7KdcHq00YRhhwuJ5Md15fo8SnX3Q",mdrd: "6GyHvFxJm4X5gP83YjTPkt1YUlaj47uOV1C2EA5DGtw-1739799209-1.2.1.1-yeaQgfqOd09Y5cisNIz.eE98hMPRIBqvenZ2dSWjaecWlsRcnJ9o0MeGxl6oXJe1v200gWyUjKEZQnI12cPG3nT3TLkDm4xos7rp2eG6n0PqZHryP1_psT8yBCMY8JTlKWGOwbG3yBOMdGpJ7MZ7lwiUO8GmA2iPZvSoLJ9X9mZ0ZVdOsUWhse19Wbva7kLRyMkSawkwum3YchPi27a5h1sm0qq_JLe0LW1ZeH9GMAs6OeUdt9IsAyaDVPRDV3iJUtxMBsnn7gTPoC3vzCvaaZmfDy2Bbf7hyauZsKdj7dNMVC2vcyApIcG6QEM8T.mcZ5KoTNjtlnnXhnrmZzObtOpyT8K4MyBGFrqdfi7GO0_ERGPKJBbGnq3K2i5iTUHGF_GVge8n8o4e8TK5JfHz8tUrgWn1FnRdbjLRKZ8L84Kas95meyweEfbW6lGbFKBMdzxJRTzLslvmrw.uZ0qquWrC4Tc0m7D9U_MVZ3IV7AS7tUkPxMYNdUwFOVqT676GUKPnWAirH5J7OAFKTA43GqwCsNr2ojEUUNIzxcwddOtQuoAVV1zBUFvftnDr_tXtdsRQQHQnZ_LAoKgBaYzCcRE4LuXQwjyF_L7uJlw40wkF64MwRhij6YF.KJqRqDWOon3OZqmFZsvmXjQPG0IBC3JFWdnAQNvGQ7SIVletxlD5bbl77T5dd62UOmsIC2OvWW5oBG3d2zrPdfnNVgQr5ax8gtmSXaytLMfWKE88uD1O6r0ws93OTLsAFKDJI6lHUxip06gs9sjbu3BJcttuOIAyicvq9FROxbsRABGFpQWBOjmEmIcuINQJOPqwFt08Ph8tuwFwYIxGKRb0sOpuu5cWbXWwVONWZhESPA8QMPeiXDBY_hnQ7HBMa.MfogzTGkQlnKZ0MgI.DqHmtOY8tX.G5s6x0T_CgST5WTqfcwQFnHJV5_8xFo_b0oaLCJl66ourHfhQSCAOJAu8XmEu74phMB6D9.MKqti8UFjpnRFu1TJL1MIp3foYYM3R_fNgZyUvbA0oER7VxLYi__DsbjaM2egEdAtrOaCJI0kGHzkWXldqsy2itsGb1AH.lU9_JAuQMoVb0Ntao34tTMjmvAklIUwYyVW1t_ZeK_WjAttEodC64zgtmQ41MST4DQRRwKylqhbhDMcvuPR8u0XpElLvT0nMXhkPGyVKfrPj5_T4O_9PrY38Q_qGQ2jyOPC22k7rPH1tKBQsIGYpr3N0pd0vXjLPgRTVI2qRJL1zEHcBYvrVTqywe5wRNzlhKCfq6dNs0sIfaf.oJv6B54ciSuLw8ac5brYw0lIhg15KSlFWdpgiJDyotiqKetbubnanRRqLh6O4zCC2K7STMe.doBSKHqPn7clx3btYSxL6zZGQy.fQ7YOFKqO_T5GoKtgfgoP6UpWOiOJI4usPKb6pGJPLgZEZ0786WDuh5U.7rfU1M.2_20bNQCrHnyKdxTOWgG1KLhQaS_twqKy8sZyl24zDXxrwcSTSQ1RITfWavjX4QPhLyu5ox.hwbPIaIYtqmmIdBZKQ4C0yYiZm3BKA6a_hkMfJw6.SjpphFl3hXMY4PQx3T6u54xr.dqNoaVhs68JrIRskWsPExgtqNbe_to6iywFt4fS89lHL3HFdBX5ZBaVFi9gciVHjBPNVKaGpWI4u5S8dpV6xuRwUtEBbJrrBM04XXFl3FAGOpYu6yOxjf4L0vmg_aVImsXYKmzKDm.G7lKS_Ab3Og7fNpGuXGVhQgGjGsYwSkFO3JMRdEjDo5C1OCtF2Ju6AgpPLRtbDAPMr1p0UiH3dbo6Ua1gqZWtQ42488R_Hfku4JVIfmQVXmnsC.EY91ombg5jIiI9WkadQqcy8X2LXxmksRtY3KgJxuRzEzs9nzaFbq9Vp7AlbygJ.k6RlTdMBTj8g6TV26J6.B6c9m7BM5GnZE68fquMe6PbQ2ZB9SyaX1mZmJere1qcy3zvrc7qc7iTfHMje"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913626411a39406d';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=aerodynamic%20heating&__cf_chl_rt_tk=sUSTZ0Z.voWbz8itsQPmIax2pIgB1RibRTLuwj3KOTY-1739799209-1.0.1.1-ds_3HcNjwfmADhhhOj.ojOXG53aTxacEoQmBXhIdf5c" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>