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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Hyacinthoides non-scripta</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="صفير غير سكريبتا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صفير غير سكريبتا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthoides_non-scripta" title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escil%C2%B7la_atl%C3%A0ntica" title="Escil·la atlàntica – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Escil·la atlàntica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthoides_non-scripta" title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endymion_non-scriptus" title="Endymion non-scriptus – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Endymion non-scriptus" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clychau%27r_gog" title="Clychau'r gog – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Clychau'r gog" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almindelig_klokkeskilla" title="Almindelig klokkeskilla – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Almindelig klokkeskilla" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantisches_Hasengl%C3%B6ckchen" title="Atlantisches Hasenglöckchen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Atlantisches Hasenglöckchen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthoides_non-scripta" title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbarhiacinto" title="Arbarhiacinto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Arbarhiacinto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthoides_non-scripta" title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wylde_hyasint" title="Wylde hyasint – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Wylde hyasint" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coinnle_corra" title="Coinnle corra – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Coinnle corra" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasna_%C4%8Desni%C4%8Dka" title="Jasna česnička – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Jasna česnička" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si_lonceng_biru" title="Si lonceng biru – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Si lonceng biru" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleujen_an_gog" title="Bleujen an gog – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Bleujen an gog" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%ABsch-Hyazinth" title="Bësch-Hyazinth – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Bësch-Hyazinth" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA-%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1" title="ഹയാസിന്തോയിഡ്സ് നോൺ-സ്ക്രിപ്റ്റ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹയാസിന്തോയിഡ്സ് നോൺ-സ്ക്രിപ്റ്റ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="صفير غير سكريبتا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="صفير غير سكريبتا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilde_hyacint" title="Wilde hyacint – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wilde hyacint" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BB%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB" title="イングリッシュ・ブルーベル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イングリッシュ・ブルーベル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klokkebl%C3%A5stjerne" title="Klokkeblåstjerne – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Klokkeblåstjerne" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klokkebl%C3%A5stjerne" title="Klokkeblåstjerne – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Klokkeblåstjerne" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacinto-silvestre" title="Jacinto-silvestre – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jacinto-silvestre" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Гиацинтоидес неописанный – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гиацинтоидес неописанный" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthoides_non-scripta" title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englanninsinililja" title="Englanninsinililja – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Englanninsinililja" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engelsk_klockhyacint" title="Engelsk klockhyacint – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Engelsk klockhyacint" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthoides_non-scripta" title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthoides_non-scripta" title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthoides_non-scripta" title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%93%9D%E9%93%83%E8%8A%B1" title="蓝铃花 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="蓝铃花" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q164013#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><i>Hyacinthoides non-scripta</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Hyacinthoides_non-scripta_(Common_Bluebell).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Hyacinthoides_non-scripta_%28Common_Bluebell%29.jpg/220px-Hyacinthoides_non-scripta_%28Common_Bluebell%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Hyacinthoides_non-scripta_%28Common_Bluebell%29.jpg/330px-Hyacinthoides_non-scripta_%28Common_Bluebell%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Hyacinthoides_non-scripta_%28Common_Bluebell%29.jpg/440px-Hyacinthoides_non-scripta_%28Common_Bluebell%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2336" data-file-height="3504" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Hyacinthoides" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monocotyledon" title="Monocotyledon">Monocots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asparagales" title="Asparagales">Asparagales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asparagaceae" title="Asparagaceae">Asparagaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Subfamily: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scilloideae" title="Scilloideae">Scilloideae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hyacinthoides" title="Hyacinthoides"><i>Hyacinthoides</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>H. non-scripta</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Hyacinthoides non-scripta</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">L.</a>) <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Chouard" title="Pierre Chouard">Chouard</a> <i>ex</i> <a href="/wiki/Werner_Hugo_Paul_Rothmaler" class="mw-redirect" title="Werner Hugo Paul Rothmaler">Rothm.</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a> <sup id="cite_ref-Grundmann_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grundmann-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><i>Hyacinthus non-scriptus</i> <small>L.</small></li> <li><i>Scilla festalis</i> <small>Salisb.</small> (<a href="/wiki/Nomen_illegitimum" title="Nomen illegitimum">nom. illeg.</a>)</li> <li><i>Scilla nutans</i> <small>Sm. <i>in</i> Sowerby & Smith</small> (nom. illeg.)</li> <li><i>Scilla non-scripta</i> <small>(L.) Link & Hoffmanns.</small></li> <li><i>Endymion nutans</i> <small>Dumort.</small> (nom. illeg.)</li> <li><i>Agraphis nutans</i> <small>Link.</small> (nom. illeg.)</li> <li><i>Endymion non-scriptus</i> <small>(L.) Garcke</small></li> <li><i>Hyacinthus cernuus</i> <small>L.</small></li> <li><i>Scilla cernua</i> <small>(L.) Hoffmanns. & Link</small></li> <li><i>Endymion cernuus</i> <small>(L.) Dumort.</small></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><i><b>Hyacinthoides non-scripta</b></i> <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/θ/: 'th' in 'thigh'">θ</span><span title="/ɔɪ/: 'oi' in 'choice'">ɔɪ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> (formerly <i>Endymion non-scriptus</i> or <i>Scilla non-scripta</i>) is a <a href="/wiki/Bulb" title="Bulb">bulbous</a> <a href="/wiki/Perennial_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Perennial plant">perennial plant</a> found in Atlantic areas from the north-western part of the Iberian Peninsula to the British Isles, and also frequently used as a <a href="/wiki/Garden_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Garden plant">garden plant</a>. It is known in English as the <b>common bluebell</b> or simply <b>bluebell</b>, a name which is used in Scotland to refer to the harebell, <i><a href="/wiki/Campanula_rotundifolia" title="Campanula rotundifolia">Campanula rotundifolia</a></i>. In spring, <i>H. non-scripta</i> produces a nodding, one-sided inflorescence of 5–12 tubular, sweet-scented violet–blue flowers, with strongly recurved <a href="/wiki/Tepal" title="Tepal">tepals</a>, and 3–6 long, linear, basal leaves. </p><p><i>H. non-scripta</i> is particularly associated with <a href="/wiki/Ancient_woodland" title="Ancient woodland">ancient woodland</a> where it may dominate the understorey to produce carpets of violet–blue flowers in "<a href="/wiki/Bluebell_wood" title="Bluebell wood">bluebell woods</a>", but also occurs in more open habitats in western regions. It is protected under UK law, and in some other parts of its range. A related species, <i><a href="/wiki/Hyacinthoides_hispanica" title="Hyacinthoides hispanica">H. hispanica</a></i> has also been introduced to Britain and Ireland and <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)" title="Hybrid (biology)">hybridises</a> with <i>H. non-scripta</i> to produce intermediates known as <a href="/wiki/Hyacinthoides_%C3%97_massartiana" title="Hyacinthoides × massartiana"><i>H.</i> × <i>massartiana</i></a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinthoides_non-scripta&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Hyacinthoides non-scripta</i> was <a href="/wiki/Alpha_taxonomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha taxonomy">first described</a> by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Carl Linnaeus</a> in his 1753 work <i><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Species_Plantarum" title="Species Plantarum">Species Plantarum</a></i></span></i>, as a species in the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Hyacinth_(plant)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyacinth (plant)">Hyacinthus</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ortiz2011_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ortiz2011-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Specific_name_(botany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Specific name (botany)">specific epithet</a> <i><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">non-scripta</i></span></i> means "unlettered" or "unmarked" and was intended to distinguish this plant from the classical hyacinth of <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>. This mythical flower, which was almost certainly not the modern hyacinth,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sprang up from the blood of the dying prince <a href="/wiki/Hyacinth_(mythology)" title="Hyacinth (mythology)">Hyacinthus</a>. His lover, the god <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a>, shed tears that marked the new flower's petals with the letters "AIAI" ("alas") as a sign of his grief.<sup id="cite_ref-Mabey_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mabey-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1803, <a href="/wiki/Johann_Centurius_von_Hoffmannsegg" class="mw-redirect" title="Johann Centurius von Hoffmannsegg">Johann Centurius von Hoffmannsegg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Johann_Heinrich_Friedrich_Link" title="Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link">Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link</a> transferred the species to the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Scilla" title="Scilla">Scilla</a></i>, and in 1849 <a href="/wiki/Christian_August_Friedrich_Garcke" title="Christian August Friedrich Garcke">Christian August Friedrich Garcke</a> transferred it to the genus <i>Endymion</i> (now a synonym of <i>Hyacinthoides</i>); it is still widely known as "<i>Scilla non-scripta</i>" or "<i>Endymion non-scriptus</i>".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1934, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Chouard" title="Pierre Chouard">Pierre Chouard</a> transferred the species to its current placement in the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Hyacinthoides" title="Hyacinthoides">Hyacinthoides</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Scilla</i> was the original Greek name for the sea squill, <i><a href="/wiki/Drimia_maritima" title="Drimia maritima">Drimia maritima</a></i>; <a href="/wiki/Endymion_(mythology)" title="Endymion (mythology)">Endymion</a> is a character from <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>; <i>Hyacinthoides</i> means "like a hyacinth".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Type_species" title="Type species">type species</a> of <i>Hyacinthoides</i> is <i>H. hispanica</i>, while that of <i>Endymion</i> is "<i>Scilla nutans</i>", described by <a href="/wiki/James_Edward_Smith_(botanist)" title="James Edward Smith (botanist)">James Edward Smith</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/English_Botany" title="English Botany">English Botany</a></i> in 1797, but now treated as a <a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">synonym</a> of <i>H. non-scripta</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Grundmann_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grundmann-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Smith had argued that <i><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nutans" class="extiw" title="wikt:nutans">nutans</a></i></span></i> ("nodding") is a more fitting epithet than <i><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">non-scriptus</i></span></i>, which makes no sense once separated from <i>Hyacinthus</i>, but the <a href="/wiki/International_Code_of_Nomenclature_for_algae,_fungi,_and_plants" title="International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants">International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants</a> requires the oldest name to be used, regardless of meaning.<sup id="cite_ref-Grundmann_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grundmann-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Common_name" title="Common name">Common names</a> for <i>Hyacinthoides non-scripta</i> include bluebell,<sup id="cite_ref-Stace_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stace-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> common bluebell, English bluebell, British bluebell,<sup id="cite_ref-NHM_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHM-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> wild hyacinth, wood bell, fairy flower and bell bottle.<sup id="cite_ref-Kew_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kew-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Scotland, the term "bluebell" is used for the harebell, <i><a href="/wiki/Campanula_rotundifolia" title="Campanula rotundifolia">Campanula rotundifolia</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mabey_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mabey-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Related_species">Related species</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinthoides_non-scripta&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Related species"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Hyacinthoides non-scripta</i> forms a <a href="/wiki/Clade" title="Clade">clade</a> with three other species – <i><a href="/wiki/Hyacinthoides_hispanica" title="Hyacinthoides hispanica">H. hispanica</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hyacinthoides_paivae" title="Hyacinthoides paivae">H. paivae</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Hyacinthoides_cedretorum" title="Hyacinthoides cedretorum">H. cedretorum</a></i> – centred on the <a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Grundmann_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grundmann-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>H. paivae</i> is restricted to a small area of north-western Iberia (<a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Spain)" title="Galicia (Spain)">Galicia</a> and neighbouring parts of Portugal), while <i>H. cedretorum</i> is found in mountainous areas of western <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> and <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Grundmann_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grundmann-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within Iberia, <i>H. non-scripta</i> and <i>H. hispanica</i> are geographically separated by the <a href="/wiki/Duero" class="mw-redirect" title="Duero">Duero</a> river.<sup id="cite_ref-Grundmann_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grundmann-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The genus also contains seven further species, mostly distributed further east in the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Basin" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean Basin">Mediterranean Basin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Grundmann_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grundmann-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinthoides_non-scripta&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:288px;max-width:288px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Comparison of <i>H. non-scripta</i> and <i>H. hispanica</i></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:142px;max-width:142px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hyacinthoides_in_Narrow_Wood,_Wadborough_-_geograph.org.uk_-_781186.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Hyacinthoides_in_Narrow_Wood%2C_Wadborough_-_geograph.org.uk_-_781186.jpg/140px-Hyacinthoides_in_Narrow_Wood%2C_Wadborough_-_geograph.org.uk_-_781186.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Hyacinthoides_in_Narrow_Wood%2C_Wadborough_-_geograph.org.uk_-_781186.jpg/210px-Hyacinthoides_in_Narrow_Wood%2C_Wadborough_-_geograph.org.uk_-_781186.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Hyacinthoides_in_Narrow_Wood%2C_Wadborough_-_geograph.org.uk_-_781186.jpg/280px-Hyacinthoides_in_Narrow_Wood%2C_Wadborough_-_geograph.org.uk_-_781186.jpg 2x" data-file-width="426" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><i>H. non-scripta</i> has dark flowers in one-sided, nodding racemes, with strongly recurved petals and white pollen.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:142px;max-width:142px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hyacinthoides_hispanica_pm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Hyacinthoides_hispanica_pm.jpg/140px-Hyacinthoides_hispanica_pm.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Hyacinthoides_hispanica_pm.jpg/210px-Hyacinthoides_hispanica_pm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Hyacinthoides_hispanica_pm.jpg/280px-Hyacinthoides_hispanica_pm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><i>H. hispanica</i> has paler flowers produced on all sides of the upright stem, less recurved petals and blue pollen.</div></div></div></div></div> <p><i>Hyacinthoides non-scripta</i> is a <a href="/wiki/Perennial_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Perennial plant">perennial plant</a> that grows from a <a href="/wiki/Bulb" title="Bulb">bulb</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Stace_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stace-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It produces 3–6 linear leaves, all growing from the base of the plant, and each 7–16 millimetres (0.28–0.63 in) wide.<sup id="cite_ref-Poland_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poland-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An <a href="/wiki/Inflorescence" title="Inflorescence">inflorescence</a> of 5–12 (exceptionally 3–32) flowers is borne on a stem up to 500 mm (20 in) tall, which droops towards the tip;<sup id="cite_ref-Ortiz2011_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ortiz2011-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the flowers are arranged in a 1-sided nodding <a href="/wiki/Raceme" title="Raceme">raceme</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Stace_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stace-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each flower is 14–20 mm (0.55–0.79 in) long, with two bracts at the base, and the six <a href="/wiki/Tepal" title="Tepal">tepals</a> are strongly recurved at their tips.<sup id="cite_ref-Stace_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stace-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tepals are violet–blue.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The three <a href="/wiki/Stamen" title="Stamen">stamens</a> in the outer whorl are fused to the <a href="/wiki/Perianth" title="Perianth">perianth</a> for more than 75% of their length, and bear cream-coloured <a href="/wiki/Pollen" title="Pollen">pollen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Stace_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stace-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The flowers are strongly and sweetly scented.<sup id="cite_ref-Stace_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stace-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The seeds are black, and germinate on the soil surface.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The bulbs produce contractile roots; when these roots contract, they draw the bulbs down into deeper layers of the soil where there is greater moisture, reaching depths of 10–12 cm (3.9–4.7 in).<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This may explain the absence of <i>H. non-scripta</i> from some thin soils over chalk in <a href="/wiki/South_East_England" title="South East England">South East England</a>, since the bulbs are unable to penetrate into sufficiently deep soils.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>H. non-scripta</i> differs from <i><a href="/wiki/Hyacinthoides_hispanica" title="Hyacinthoides hispanica">H. hispanica</a></i>, which occurs as an introduced species in Britain and Ireland, in a number of ways. <i>H. hispanica</i> has paler flowers which are borne in radially symmetrical racemes; their tepals are less recurved, and are only faintly scented.<sup id="cite_ref-Stace_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stace-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The outer stamens are fused with the tepals for less than 75% of their length, and the anthers are the same colour as the tepals.<sup id="cite_ref-Stace_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stace-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These two species are thought to have diverged 8000 years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-Grundmann_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grundmann-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two species <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)" title="Hybrid (biology)">hybridise</a> readily to produce fertile offspring known as <a href="/wiki/Hyacinthoides_%C3%97_massartiana" title="Hyacinthoides × massartiana"><i>Hyacinthoides</i> × <i>massartiana</i></a>; the hybrids are intermediate between the parental species, forming a spectrum of variation which connects the two.<sup id="cite_ref-Stace_8-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stace-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution_and_ecology">Distribution and ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinthoides_non-scripta&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Distribution and ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:334px;max-width:334px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Bluebell habitats</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:332px;max-width:332px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pryor%27s_Wood_Bluebells_2017-04-22-7.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Pryor%27s_Wood_Bluebells_2017-04-22-7.jpg/330px-Pryor%27s_Wood_Bluebells_2017-04-22-7.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Pryor%27s_Wood_Bluebells_2017-04-22-7.jpg/495px-Pryor%27s_Wood_Bluebells_2017-04-22-7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Pryor%27s_Wood_Bluebells_2017-04-22-7.jpg/660px-Pryor%27s_Wood_Bluebells_2017-04-22-7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5428" data-file-height="3619" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Bluebells in <a href="/wiki/Pryor%27s_Wood" title="Pryor's Wood">Pryor's Wood</a>, Hertfordshire</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:332px;max-width:332px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ulbhabluebells.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Ulbhabluebells.jpg/330px-Ulbhabluebells.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Ulbhabluebells.jpg/495px-Ulbhabluebells.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Ulbhabluebells.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">In the west of its range, <i>H. non-scripta</i> lives in open habitats, here on <a href="/wiki/Ulva" title="Ulva">Ulva</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Hebrides" title="Hebrides">Hebrides</a>, Scotland</div></div></div></div></div> <p><i>Hyacinthoides non-scripta</i> is native to the western parts of Atlantic Europe, from north-western <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> and north-western <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, to the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ortiz2011_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ortiz2011-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is found in <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, Great Britain, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>, Portugal, the Netherlands and Spain, and also occurs as a naturalized species in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has also been introduced (and can be highly invasive) into various parts of North America, in both the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a>), the Great Lakes region (<a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>) and other parts of the United States (<a href="/wiki/The_Virginias" class="mw-redirect" title="The Virginias">the Virginias</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it has been introduced as well to <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>. </p><p>Despite the wide distribution of <i>H. non-scripta</i>, it reaches its greatest densities in Britain and Ireland,<sup id="cite_ref-NHM_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHM-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where "<a href="/wiki/Bluebell_wood" title="Bluebell wood">bluebell woods</a>" (woodland with the understory dominated by <i>H. non-scripta</i> in spring) are a familiar sight. <i>H. non-scripta</i> is found throughout Britain and Ireland, with the exception of the northern <a href="/wiki/Outer_Hebrides" title="Outer Hebrides">Outer Hebrides</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lewis_and_Harris" title="Lewis and Harris">Lewis and Harris</a>), <a href="/wiki/Orkney" title="Orkney">Orkney</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shetland" title="Shetland">Shetland</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Stace_8-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stace-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it is estimated that 25%–50% of all common bluebells may be found in Britain and Ireland.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bluebells are a species of deciduous woodland over much of their range, flowering and leafing early before the canopy closes in late spring. They may also be found growing under <a href="/wiki/Pteridium_aquilinum" title="Pteridium aquilinum">bracken</a> or <a href="/wiki/Japanese_knotweed" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese knotweed">Japanese knotweed</a>, perennial plants which also form stands with a dense summer canopy.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are most successful on slightly acid soils; the same niche in alkaline conditions may be occupied by other species such as <i><a href="/wiki/Mercurialis_perennis" title="Mercurialis perennis">Mercurialis perennis</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a species adapted to woodlands, the young shoots are able to penetrate through a thick layer of <a href="/wiki/Leaf_litter" class="mw-redirect" title="Leaf litter">leaf litter</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and bluebells are often used as an <a href="/wiki/Indicator_species" class="mw-redirect" title="Indicator species">indicator species</a> to identify <a href="/wiki/Ancient_woodland" title="Ancient woodland">ancient woodland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bluebells are also frequently found in hedgerows, and in the west of their range they can be found growing in open habitats, including coastal meadows.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bluebell flowers are rich in <a href="/wiki/Pollen" title="Pollen">pollen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nectar" title="Nectar">nectar</a>, and are chiefly pollinated by <a href="/wiki/Bumblebee" title="Bumblebee">bumblebees</a>, although they are also visited by various other insects.<sup id="cite_ref-Morris_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morris-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are a host species for the parasitic fungus <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uromyces_muscari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uromyces muscari (page does not exist)">Uromyces muscari</a></i>, which causes bluebell rust.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ability of <i>H. non-scripta</i> to take up <a href="/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus">phosphorus</a> from the soil is greatly enhanced by the presence of <a href="/wiki/Arbuscular_mycorrhiza" title="Arbuscular mycorrhiza">arbuscular mycorrhizae</a> in its roots.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Protection">Protection</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinthoides_non-scripta&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Protection"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Hyacinthoides non-scripta</i> is not protected under <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international law</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/CITES" title="CITES">CITES</a> or the EU <a href="/wiki/Habitats_Directive" title="Habitats Directive">Habitats Directive</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, <i>H. non-scripta</i> is a protected species under the <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_and_Countryside_Act_1981" title="Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981">Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981</a>. Landowners are prohibited from removing common bluebells on their land for sale and it is a criminal offence to remove the bulbs of wild common bluebells.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This legislation was strengthened in 1998 under Schedule 8 of the Act making any trade in wild common bluebell bulbs or seeds an offence, punishable by fines of up to £5,000 per bulb.<sup id="cite_ref-Kew_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kew-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC240807_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC240807-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The species is not protected in the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In France, <i>H. non-scripta</i> is largely confined to the northern half of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-INPN_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INPN-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is not legally protected at the national level, but it is protected in many of the <i><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Departments_of_France" title="Departments of France">départements</a></i></span></i> towards the edge of its range (<a href="/wiki/Corr%C3%A8ze" title="Corrèze">Corrèze</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loiret" title="Loiret">Loiret</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gironde" title="Gironde">Gironde</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lot-et-Garonne" title="Lot-et-Garonne">Lot-et-Garonne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dordogne" title="Dordogne">Dordogne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cher_(department)" title="Cher (department)">Cher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eure-et-Loir" title="Eure-et-Loir">Eure-et-Loir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indre-et-Loire" title="Indre-et-Loire">Indre-et-Loire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Loir-et-Cher" title="Loir-et-Cher">Loir-et-Cher</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-INPN_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INPN-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Wallonia" title="Wallonia">Wallonia</a>, <i>H. non-scripta</i> is protected under <i><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Annexe VII</i></span></i> of the <i><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Loi sur la conservation de la nature</i></span></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinthoides_non-scripta&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Geopende_zaaddoos_van_een_wilde_hyacint_24-07-2022._(d.j.b).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Geopende_zaaddoos_van_een_wilde_hyacint_24-07-2022._%28d.j.b%29.jpg/200px-Geopende_zaaddoos_van_een_wilde_hyacint_24-07-2022._%28d.j.b%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Geopende_zaaddoos_van_een_wilde_hyacint_24-07-2022._%28d.j.b%29.jpg/300px-Geopende_zaaddoos_van_een_wilde_hyacint_24-07-2022._%28d.j.b%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Geopende_zaaddoos_van_een_wilde_hyacint_24-07-2022._%28d.j.b%29.jpg/400px-Geopende_zaaddoos_van_een_wilde_hyacint_24-07-2022._%28d.j.b%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3193" data-file-height="3193" /></a><figcaption>Opened seed pod with seeds inside</figcaption></figure> <p>Bluebells have had numerous uses over the centuries. There is little evidence of widespread medicinal use, but the bulbs contain muselage and inulin, a starchy substance which was used as a glue for bookbinding. The Elizabethans also used the starch from the bluebell bulb to stiffen the fabrics of ruffs and collars.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bluebells are widely planted as <a href="/wiki/Garden_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Garden plant">garden plants</a>, either among trees or in <a href="/wiki/Herbaceous_border" title="Herbaceous border">herbaceous borders</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Morris_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morris-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They flower at the same time as <a href="/wiki/Hyacinth_(plant)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyacinth (plant)">hyacinths</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Narcissus_(plant)" title="Narcissus (plant)">Narcissus</a></i> and some <a href="/wiki/Tulip" title="Tulip">tulips</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Beresford_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Beresford-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They produce seed and <a href="/wiki/Vegetative_reproduction" title="Vegetative reproduction">reproduce vegetatively</a> using bulb offsets, so can spread rapidly, and may need to be controlled as <a href="/wiki/Weed" title="Weed">weeds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In common with other members of their genus, bluebells - particularly their bulbs - are normally considered to be toxic. Bluebells synthesise a wide range of chemicals with potential medicinal properties: they contain at least 15 biologically active compounds that may provide them with protection against insects and animals. Certain extracts – water-soluble <a href="/wiki/Pyrrolidine" title="Pyrrolidine">pyrrolidine</a> <a href="/wiki/Alkaloids" class="mw-redirect" title="Alkaloids">alkaloids</a> – are similar to compounds tested for use in combating HIV and cancer.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bulbs of bluebells are used in <a href="/wiki/Folk_medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Folk medicine">folk medicine</a> as a remedy for <a href="/wiki/Leucorrhoea" class="mw-redirect" title="Leucorrhoea">leucorrhoea</a>, and as a <a href="/wiki/Diuretic" title="Diuretic">diuretic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Styptic" class="mw-redirect" title="Styptic">styptic</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-PFAF_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PFAF-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the sap can be used as an <a href="/wiki/Adhesive" title="Adhesive">adhesive</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Beresford_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Beresford-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PFAF_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PFAF-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The bluebell may be regarded as the United Kingdom's "favourite flower". When the wild plant charity <a href="/wiki/Plantlife" title="Plantlife">Plantlife</a> organised a survey in 2004 to find a favourite flower for each county in the United Kingdom, it decided to ban voters from choosing the bluebell because it had been by far the top choice in an earlier poll for the nation's favourite flower.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A stylised bluebell is used as the <a href="/wiki/Logo" title="Logo">logo</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Botanical_Society_of_Britain_and_Ireland" title="Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland">Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_culture">In culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinthoides_non-scripta&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: In culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Dusting_Bluebells_(rhyme)" title="Dusting Bluebells (rhyme)">In and Out the Dusting Bluebells</a> also known as In and Out the Dusty Bluebells is a children's <a href="/wiki/Playground_song" class="mw-redirect" title="Playground song">playground song</a> and dance.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinthoides_non-scripta&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Grundmann-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Grundmann_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grundmann_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grundmann_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grundmann_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grundmann_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grundmann_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grundmann_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grundmann_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMichael_GrundmannFred_J._RumseyStephen_W._AnsellStephen_J._Russell2010" class="citation journal cs1">Michael Grundmann; Fred J. Rumsey; Stephen W. Ansell; Stephen J. Russell; Sarah C. Darwin; Johannes C. Vogel; Mark Spencer; Jane Squirrell; Peter M. Hollingsworth; Santiago Ortiz; Harald Schneider (2010). "Phylogeny and taxonomy of the bluebell genus <i>Hyacinthoides</i>, Asparagaceae [Hyacinthaceae]". <i><a href="/wiki/Taxon_(journal)" title="Taxon (journal)">Taxon</a></i>. <b>59</b> (1): 68–82. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Ftax.591008">10.1002/tax.591008</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taxon&rft.atitle=Phylogeny+and+taxonomy+of+the+bluebell+genus+Hyacinthoides%2C+Asparagaceae+%26%2391%3BHyacinthaceae%26%2393%3B&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=68-82&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Ftax.591008&rft.au=Michael+Grundmann&rft.au=Fred+J.+Rumsey&rft.au=Stephen+W.+Ansell&rft.au=Stephen+J.+Russell&rft.au=Sarah+C.+Darwin&rft.au=Johannes+C.+Vogel&rft.au=Mark+Spencer&rft.au=Jane+Squirrell&rft.au=Peter+M.+Hollingsworth&rft.au=Santiago+Ortiz&rft.au=Harald+Schneider&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ortiz2011-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ortiz2011_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ortiz2011_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ortiz2011_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFS._Ortiz2011" class="citation book cs1">S. Ortiz (2011). "Hyacinthoides Heist. ex Fabr.". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.floraiberica.es/floraiberica/texto/imprenta/tomoXX/20_183_00_Hyacinthoides.pdf"><i>Flora Iberica, Volume 20: Liliaceae - Agavaceae</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Spain: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788400097455" title="Special:BookSources/9788400097455"><bdi>9788400097455</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hyacinthoides+Heist.+ex+Fabr.&rft.btitle=Flora+Iberica%2C+Volume+20%3A+Liliaceae+-+Agavaceae&rft.place=Spain&rft.pub=Consejo+Superior+de+Investigaciones+Cient%C3%ADficas&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9788400097455&rft.au=S.+Ortiz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.floraiberica.es%2Ffloraiberica%2Ftexto%2Fimprenta%2FtomoXX%2F20_183_00_Hyacinthoides.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJ._E._Raven2000" class="citation book cs1">J. 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Oxford: Leopard Head Press. pp. 26–27. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-904920-40-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-904920-40-6"><bdi>978-0-904920-40-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Plants+and+Plant+Lore+in+Ancient+Greece&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=26-27&rft.pub=Leopard+Head+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-904920-40-6&rft.au=J.+E.+Raven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mabey-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mabey_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mabey_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichard_Mabey1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Mabey" title="Richard Mabey">Richard Mabey</a> (1996). <i>Flora Britannica</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Sinclair-Stevenson" title="Sinclair-Stevenson">Sinclair-Stevenson</a>. pp. 412–416. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85619-377-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85619-377-1"><bdi>978-1-85619-377-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flora+Britannica&rft.place=London&rft.pages=412-416&rft.pub=Sinclair-Stevenson&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-1-85619-377-1&rft.au=Richard+Mabey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartyn_Rix2004" class="citation journal cs1">Martyn Rix (2004). 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/Imagenes/P0055_81/P0055_81_0671.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(<a href="/wiki/Portable_Document_Format" class="mw-redirect" title="Portable Document Format">PDF</a> excerpt)</span> on 2014-08-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Coombes (1985). <i>The Collingridge Dictionary of Plant Names</i>. Collingridge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-600-35770-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-600-35770-4"><bdi>978-0-600-35770-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Collingridge+Dictionary+of+Plant+Names&rft.pub=Collingridge&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0-600-35770-4&rft.au=Allen+J.+Coombes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stace-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stace_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stace_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stace_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stace_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stace_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stace_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stace_8-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stace_8-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stace_8-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stace_8-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClive_A._Stace2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Clive_A._Stace" title="Clive A. Stace">Clive A. Stace</a> (2010). "<i>Hyacinthoides</i> Heist. <i>ex</i> Fabr. (<i>Endymion</i> Dumort.) – bluebells". <i>New Flora of the British Isles</i> (3rd ed.). Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newflorabritishi00stac/page/n955">920</a>–921. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-70772-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-70772-5"><bdi>978-0-521-70772-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hyacinthoides+Heist.+ex+Fabr.+%28Endymion+Dumort.%29+%E2%80%93+bluebells&rft.btitle=New+Flora+of+the+British+Isles&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=920-921&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-521-70772-5&rft.au=Clive+A.+Stace&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NHM-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NHM_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NHM_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFred_Rumsey" class="citation web cs1">Fred Rumsey. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120221223743/http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/species-of-the-day/biodiversity/endangered-species/hyacinthoides-non-scripta/distribution-ecology/index.html">"<i>Hyacinthoides non-scripta</i> (British bluebell) > Distribution and ecology"</a>. <i>Species of the day</i>. <a href="/wiki/Natural_History_Museum,_London" title="Natural History Museum, London">Natural History Museum</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/species-of-the-day/biodiversity/endangered-species/hyacinthoides-non-scripta/distribution-ecology/index.html">the original</a> on February 21, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Species+of+the+day&rft.atitle=Hyacinthoides+non-scripta+%28British+bluebell%29+%3E+Distribution+and+ecology&rft.au=Fred+Rumsey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhm.ac.uk%2Fnature-online%2Fspecies-of-the-day%2Fbiodiversity%2Fendangered-species%2Fhyacinthoides-non-scripta%2Fdistribution-ecology%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kew-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kew_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kew_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteve_DavisAnna_Trias-Blasi" class="citation web cs1">Steve Davis; Anna Trias-Blasi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120323131916/http://www.kew.org/plants-fungi/Hyacinthoides-non-scripta.htm">"<i>Hyacinthoides non-scripta</i> (bluebell)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kew.org/plants-fungi/Hyacinthoides-non-scripta.htm">the original</a> on March 23, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hyacinthoides+non-scripta+%28bluebell%29&rft.pub=Royal+Botanic+Gardens%2C+Kew&rft.au=Steve+Davis&rft.au=Anna+Trias-Blasi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kew.org%2Fplants-fungi%2FHyacinthoides-non-scripta.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Poland-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Poland_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_PolandEric_J._Clement2009" class="citation book cs1">John Poland; Eric J. 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R. Clapham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tom_Tutin" title="Tom Tutin">T. G. Tutin</a> & <a href="/wiki/E._F._Warburg" title="E. F. Warburg">E. F. Warburg</a> (1981). "Liliaceae". <i>Excursion Flora of the British Isles</i> (3rd ed.). Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. 388–394. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-23290-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-23290-6"><bdi>978-0-521-23290-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Liliaceae&rft.btitle=Excursion+Flora+of+the+British+Isles&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=388-394&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=978-0-521-23290-6&rft.au=A.+R.+Clapham%2C+T.+G.+Tutin+%26+E.+F.+Warburg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Thomas-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomas_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeter_ThomasJohn_R._Packham2007" class="citation book cs1">Peter Thomas; John R. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 28,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Flora+Europaea&rft.atitle=Hyacinthoides&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F193.62.154.38%2Fcgi-bin%2Fnph-readbtree.pl%2Ffeout%3FFAMILY_XREF%3D%26GENUS_XREF%3DHyacinthoides%26SPECIES_XREF%3D%26TAXON_NAME_XREF%3D%26RANK%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=HYNO">"<i>Hyacinthoides non-scripta</i> (L.) 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Trust&rft.atitle=Facts+about+bluebells+%7C+Nature&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationaltrust.org.uk%2Fdiscover%2Fnature%2Ftrees-plants%2Fa-guide-to-bluebells-in-the-uk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Beresford-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Beresford_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Beresford_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiana_Beresford-Kroeger2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Diana_Beresford-Kroeger" title="Diana Beresford-Kroeger">Diana Beresford-Kroeger</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XFJ2OnvqAacC&pg=PA181">"<i>Hyacinthoides</i> (<i>Scilla</i>), bluebells"</a>. <i>A Garden for Life: the Natural Approach to Designing, Planting, and Maintaining a North Temperate Garden</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan_Press" title="University of Michigan Press">University of Michigan Press</a>. p. 181. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-472-03012-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-472-03012-5"><bdi>978-0-472-03012-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hyacinthoides+%28Scilla%29%2C+bluebells&rft.btitle=A+Garden+for+Life%3A+the+Natural+Approach+to+Designing%2C+Planting%2C+and+Maintaining+a+North+Temperate+Garden&rft.pages=181&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-472-03012-5&rft.au=Diana+Beresford-Kroeger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXFJ2OnvqAacC%26pg%3DPA181&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/weeds/bluebells-as-weeds">"Bluebells as weeds"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Royal_Horticultural_Society" title="Royal Horticultural Society">Royal Horticultural Society</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 14,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bluebells+as+weeds&rft.pub=Royal+Horticultural+Society&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2Fweeds%2Fbluebells-as-weeds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/47711.stm">"Bluebells could help fight cancer"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. January 15, 1998<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Bluebells+could+help+fight+cancer&rft.date=1998-01-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fsci%2Ftech%2F47711.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_Kent2000" class="citation book cs1">Michael Kent (2000). <i>Advanced Biology</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 334. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-914195-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-914195-1"><bdi>978-0-19-914195-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Advanced+Biology&rft.pages=334&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-19-914195-1&rft.au=Michael+Kent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PFAF-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PFAF_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PFAF_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Hyacinthoides+nonscripta">"<i>Hyacinthoides nonscripta</i> - (L.) Chouard. ex Rothm"</a>. <i>Plants for a Future</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 27,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Plants+for+a+Future&rft.atitle=Hyacinthoides+nonscripta+-+%28L.%29+Chouard.+ex+Rothm.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pfaf.org%2Fuser%2FPlant.aspx%3FLatinName%3DHyacinthoides%2Bnonscripta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Brown2004" class="citation news cs1">Paul Brown (5 May 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2004/may/05/environment.environment2">"Fans pick the flowers that have grown on them"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Fans+pick+the+flowers+that+have+grown+on+them&rft.date=2004-05-05&rft.au=Paul+Brown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsociety%2F2004%2Fmay%2F05%2Fenvironment.environment2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGabriel_E._Hemery2005" class="citation journal cs1">Gabriel E. Hemery (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.bsbi.org.uk/BSBINews100.pdf">"A new image for the society"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>BSBI News</i>. <b>100</b>. <a href="/wiki/Botanical_Society_of_the_British_Isles" class="mw-redirect" title="Botanical Society of the British Isles">Botanical Society of the British Isles</a>: 5–6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BSBI+News&rft.atitle=A+new+image+for+the+society&rft.volume=100&rft.pages=5-6&rft.date=2005&rft.au=Gabriel+E.+Hemery&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.bsbi.org.uk%2FBSBINews100.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201201115724/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/dusting-bluebells">"Dusting Bluebells"</a>. <i>The British Library</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/dusting-bluebells">the original</a> on 2020-12-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+British+Library&rft.atitle=Dusting+Bluebells&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bl.uk%2Fcollection-items%2Fdusting-bluebells&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinthoides+non-scripta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinthoides_non-scripta&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Hyacinthoides non-scripta</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164013" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q164013">Q164013</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthoides_non-scripta" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Hyacinthoides non-scripta">Hyacinthoides non-scripta</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index" title="Australian Plant Name Index">APNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/170096">170096</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=345231">345231</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/3MV85">3MV85</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/HCJNS">HCJNS</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/FloraBase" title="FloraBase">FloraBase</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/43505">43505</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_North_America" title="Flora of North America">FNA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242101671">242101671</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/5304283">5304283</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=405254">405254</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/56132">56132</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/971733-1">971733-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=810156">810156</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Botanical_Garden" title="Missouri Botanical Garden">MoBotPF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=282392">282392</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.134494/">2.134494</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nbn.org.uk/Taxa/NBNSYS0000002185">NBNSYS0000002185</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=81762">81762</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/2542e19e-5468-488e-9634-ed1efac3f9c4">2542e19e-5468-488e-9634-ed1efac3f9c4</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=268365">268365</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">PFI: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dryades.units.it/floritaly/index.php?procedure=taxon_page&tipo=all&id=6875">6875</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/The_Plant_List" title="The Plant List">Plant List</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-278557">kew-278557</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service#Plants" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">PLANTS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/HYNO">HYNO</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A971733-1">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:971733-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Horticultural_Society" title="Royal Horticultural Society">RHS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/8890/wd/Details">8890</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/18405712">18405712</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">VASCAN: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.canadensys.net/vascan/taxon/2732">2732</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Herbarium_of_Victoria" title="National Herbarium of Victoria">VicFlora</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/d1d11beb-63ba-4f4d-84e7-22c98dfce55b">d1d11beb-63ba-4f4d-84e7-22c98dfce55b</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0000664295">wfo-0000664295</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Hyacinthus non-scriptus</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21874599" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q21874599">Q21874599</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/6MH3X">6MH3X</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2772769">2772769</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=412312">412312</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/536785-1">536785-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/670d4785-d3ed-4eb2-b1d0-178e48931bf3">670d4785-d3ed-4eb2-b1d0-178e48931bf3</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A536785-1">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:536785-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/50186417">50186417</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0000665325">wfo-0000665325</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: 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