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Risk score assesses contrast-induced nephropathy after PCI

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=7YQSqjSh" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.healio.com/news/cardiology/20130208/ctin0113tziakas_10_3928_1081_597x_20130201_00_1026565","20220406131540","https://web.archive.org/","web","https://web-static.archive.org/_static/", "1649250940"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=p7PEIJWi" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" /> <!-- End Wayback Rewrite JS Include --> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"/> <title> Risk score assesses contrast-induced nephropathy after PCI </title> <meta name="PostedDate" content="2013-02-08T18:28:00Z"/><meta name="ModifiedDate" content="2019-09-15T21:22:14Z"/><meta name="bi:specialties" content="Nephrology,Cardiology"/><meta name="specialty" content="Nephrology"/><meta name="specialty" content="Cardiology"/><meta name="bi:primary_specialty" content="Cardiology"/><meta name="bi:subspecialties" content="Intervention"/><meta name="subspecialty" content="Intervention"/><meta name="bi:primary_subspecialty" content="Intervention"/><meta name="bi:departments" content="In the Journals"/><meta name="department" content="In the Journals"/><meta name="site_name" content="healiotwo"/><meta name="content_version" content="1"/><meta name="bi:content_type" content="News Article"/><meta name="page_type" content="Document"/><meta name="description" content="An easily applied risk score for contrast-induced nephropathy after PCI allowed practical, simple assessments compared with other published scores, according to recent study findings. To develop a simple risk score for developing contrast-induced nephropathy &amp;#x00028;CIN&amp;#x00029; after PCI &amp;#x00028;defined as an increase &amp;#x2265;25&amp;#x00025; and/or &amp;#x2265;0.5 mg/dL in serum creatinine at 48 hours "/><meta name="pageid" content="{17C7373E-161E-49C5-9756-0E1E392879C9}"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20220406131540im_/https://www.healio.com/~/media/images/fscss/i3wyanokecdncom/healio_safe_image.png"/><meta property="og:description" content="An easily applied risk score for contrast-induced nephropathy after PCI allowed practical, simple assessments compared with other published scores, according to recent study findings. 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'non_interaction': ni, 'value': v }; if (typeof (gtag) !== "undefined") { gtag('event', eventparams.event_action, eventparams); console.log("fireTrackingEvents executed"); console.log(eventparams); } } </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20220406131540js_/https://js.sentry-cdn.com/3b0412cec7f84779b7afb4bc468d3db1.min.js" defer crossorigin="anonymous" onload="setupSentry();"></script> <script> function setupSentry(){ Sentry.onLoad(function() { Sentry.init({ environment: window.location.host, allowUrls: [ /https?:\/\/((cme|www)\.)?healio\.com/ ], ignoreErrors: [], denyUrls: [ /acsbapp\.com/i ], tracesSampleRate: 0.1, }); window.onerror = function (msg, url, lineNo, columnNo, error) { Sentry.captureException(error); return false; } }); }; </script> </head> <body class="news" data-module-track-category="Healio NEWS"> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe 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data-hss-poll-answers-save="post:/h5hss/poll/saveanswers" data-qbank-save-answer="post:/h5learningsites/qbank/saveanswer" data-qbank-complete-quiz="post:/h5learningsites/qbank/updatequiz" data-publication-service-load="get:/h5news/publicationlisting/gettableofcontents{query}" data-meeting-news-load="get:/h5news/meetingnewslanding/searchjson{query}" data-podcast-load="get:/h5news/podcastlanding/searchjson{query}" data-mysaved-service-load="get:/h5news/mysavedpageslanding/search{query}" data-mysavedlearningsites-service-load="get:/h5learningsites/mysavedlearningsites/search{query}" data-editorial-feature-service-load="get:/h5news/editorialfeature/searchjson{query}" data-opinion-landing-service-load="get:/h5news/opinionlanding/searchjson{query}" data-specialty-service-load="get:/h5news/specialtylanding/searchjson{query}" data-trial-scorecard-load="get:/h5news/trialscorecard/searchjson{query}" data-article-collection-service-load="get:/h5news/articlecollection/searchjson{query}" data-meeting-calendar-service-load="get:/h5news/meetingcalendar/searchjson{query}" data-chip-landing-service-load="get:/h5news/chips/searchjson{query}" data-learning-site-chips-landing-service-load="get:/h5learningsites/learningsitechips/searchjson{query}" data-email-sign-up-save="post:/registration/json/cesrenc" data-email-transcript="post:/edu/myhealiocme/emailtranscriptenc" data-generate-transcript="post:/edu/myhealiocme/createtranscriptenc" data-my-cme-load="get:/~/edu/mycme/{contactId}" data-question-answer-load="get:/~/edu/questionanswer/{contactId}/{questionGroupId}" data-question-answer-save="post:/~/edu/questionanswer" data-recommended-service-load="get:/edu/recommended/recentactivitiesbyuser" data-saved-page-load="get:/~/user/savedpages/get/{contactId}/{contentType}" data-saved-page-remove="delete:/~/user/savedpages/remove" data-saved-page-save="post:/~/user/savedpages/add" data-topic-alert-register="post:/registration/json/cerotenc" data-topic-alert-load="post:/registration/json/getlistfortopicenc" data-topic-alert-save="post:/registration/json/managelistmemberenc" data-topic-list-api="get:/edu/topicfilter/topiclist?specialtyid={encodedSpecialtyId}" data-user-profile-get-custom-fields="get:/~/user/profile/getcustomfields/{contactId}?fieldIds={fieldIds}" data-user-profile-update="post:/~/user/profile/update" data-user-activity-generate-certificate="get:/edu/certificate/generatecertificate" data-user-activity-filter="get:/~/edu/useractivityfilter{query}" data-user-activity-load="get:/~/edu/useractivity/{contactId}/{activityId}" data-user-activity-remove="delete:/~/edu/useractivity/{contactId}/{activityId}" data-user-activity-save="post:/~/edu/useractivity" data-user-activity-update-certificate="post:/~/edu/updatecertificate" data-user-activity-update-step="post:/~/edu/updatestep"></div> <header class="header" data-component="HealioHeader" data-language-root="{8F74E4AC-4B01-4714-9318-9E82177237DA}"> <a id="top"></a> 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data-component="SaveIcon" data-activity-id="17c7373e-161e-49c5-9756-0e1e392879c9" data-activity-title="Risk score assesses contrast-induced nephropathy after PCI" data-activity-url="/news/cardiology/20130208/ctin0113tziakas_10_3928_1081_597x_20130201_00_1026565" data-state-current="save" data-site-name="healiotwo.web" data-content-type="news" data-module-track-action="Save_Click_Healio News Article" data-module-track-label="Save from Article_Healio News Article"> <div data-save-icon="label" data-label-save="Save" data-label-saved="Saved">Save</div> <span> <i data-save-icon="icon" class="fa-bookmark fal"></i> </span> </div> </div> <h1 class="article__title">Risk score assesses contrast-induced nephropathy after PCI</h1> <div class="mobile-trust-box"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-md-5 d-xl-none"> <div class="trust-box"> <div class="trust-box-logo d-none d-md-block"> <img 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220406131540/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016752731100492X" target="blank">Tziakas D. <i>Int J Cardiol</i>. 2013;163:46-55.</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 offset-md-1 offset-xl-0 col-xl-12"> <div class="d-none" data-component="EmailTopicAlert" data-module="Subspecialty Email Topic Alerts Top"> <hidden data-setting-item="d265901d-6d37-49c7-a8f6-c7bf19a02509"></hidden> <hidden data-crm-source="Subspecialty Topic Alert"></hidden> <div class="email-alert-button d-none" data-topic-button="not-subscribed"> <div class="email-alert-title" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".ube698b8b12c840e9999a22497c70b9b0"> <span data-module-track-action="Email Alerts TOP_Click_Healio News Article" data-module-track-label="Email Alerts TOP_Healio News Article"> <i class="fas fa-plus-circle"></i> ADD TOPIC TO EMAIL ALERTS </span> </div> <div class="email-alert-inner collapse ube698b8b12c840e9999a22497c70b9b0"> <div 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If you continue to have this issue please contact <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220406131540/mailto:customerservice@slackinc.com">customerservice@slackinc.com</a>.</strong> <br><br> <button data-dismiss="modal" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block">Back to Healio</button></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>An easily applied risk score for contrast-induced nephropathy after PCI allowed practical, simple assessments compared with other published scores, according to recent study findings. </p><p>To develop a simple risk score for developing contrast-induced nephropathy &#x00028;CIN&#x00029; after PCI &#x00028;defined as an increase &#x2265;25&#x00025; and/or &#x2265;0.5 mg/dL in serum creatinine at 48 hours after PCI vs. baseline&#x00029;, researchers enrolled consecutive patients treated with elective or urgent PCI at a cardiac cath lab &#x00028;derivation cohort, n&#x0003D;488; validation cohort, n&#x0003D;200&#x00029; from September 2008 to January 2010.</p><p>CIN occurred in 10.2&#x00025; &#x00028;50 of 488&#x00029; of the development cohort with a significant trend across increasing score values &#x00028;<i>P</i>&#x0003C;.001&#x00029;. </p><p>The risk score model uses the addition of five key variables, four clinical and one procedural, to predict the risk for CIN after PCI: pre-existing renal disease; metformin use; previous PCI; <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220406131540/http://www.healio.com/cardiology/news/print/cardiology-today/%7Ba2dbb163-b0fd-496a-8d84-a4e0dc3fa4e9%7D/pad-underrecognized-understudied-in-women" target="blank">peripheral arterial disease</a>; and contrast volume &#x2265;300 mL. </p><p>Researchers said the model had a discriminating power c-statistic of 0.759 and a calibration slope of 0.91. Internal validation bootstrapping in 1,000 samples offered a c-statistic of 0.753, and the validation cohort of 200 patients offered a c-statistic of 0.864.</p><p>&#x201c;Using as a cut-off point a risk score value &#x0003E;3, our model correctly classified 83&#x00025; of individuals with positive test &#x00028;risk score of 4&#x00029; as developing <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220406131540/http://www.healio.com/cardiology/vascular-medicine/news/online/%7Bc7328532-be86-4b4c-b374-33409e52d056%7D/lipsia-n-acc-n-acetylcysteine-did-not-improve-contrast-induced-nephropathy-myocardial-reperfusion-injury" target="blank">CIN</a>, whereas 92&#x00025; of individuals with negative test &#x00028;risk scores of 0, 1, 2 and 3&#x00029; were correctly classified as developing CIN,&#x201d; the researchers wrote. &#x201c;Therefore, the proposed risk score model with a diagnostic cut-off point of &#x0003E;3 offers both high negative and positive predicted value and provides the clinician a practical tool to safely rule-out or predict acute kidney injury after a PCI.&#x201d;</p><p><strong>Disclosure</strong>: The researchers report no relevant financial disclosures.</p> <div class="article__content--footer"> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <div class="chips-group"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="d-none" data-component="EmailTopicAlert" data-module="Subspecialty Email Topic Alerts Bottom"> <hidden data-setting-item="d265901d-6d37-49c7-a8f6-c7bf19a02509"></hidden> <hidden data-crm-source="Subspecialty Topic Alert"></hidden> <div class="email-alert-button d-none" data-topic-button="not-subscribed"> <div class="email-alert-title" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".u44538c82183544d5bf2e20dba21ec237"> <span data-module-track-action="Email Alerts BOTTOM_Click_Healio News Article" data-module-track-label="Email Alerts BOTTOM_Healio News Article"> <i class="fas fa-plus-circle"></i> ADD TOPIC TO EMAIL ALERTS </span> </div> <div class="email-alert-inner collapse u44538c82183544d5bf2e20dba21ec237"> <div class="alert-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-button="close-alert-box" data-trigger="collapsed" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true"><i class="fal fa-times"></i></span> </button> </div> <div class="email-alert-dialogue"> <div class="d-none" data-sign-up-type="known"> Receive an email when new articles are posted on <span data-content="topic-title"></span> </div> <div class="d-none" data-sign-up-type="unknown"> Please provide your email address to receive an email when new articles are posted on <span data-content="topic-title"></span>. <div class="form-group has-feedback"> <input type="email" class="form-control" name="listEmailAddress" data-input="email" required="required" title="Email"> <div class="help-block with-errors"></div> </div> </div> </div> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-loading-text="Loading <i class='fa fa-spinner fa-spin'></i>" data-action="subscribe"> Subscribe </button> </div> </div> <div class="email-alert-button d-none" data-topic-button="subscribed"> <div class="email-alert-title" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".s44538c82183544d5bf2e20dba21ec237"> <i class="fas fa-check-circle"></i> ADDED TO EMAIL ALERTS </div> <div class="email-alert-inner collapse s44538c82183544d5bf2e20dba21ec237"> <div class="alert-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-button="close-alert-box" data-trigger="collapsed" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true"><i class="fal fa-times"></i></span> </button> </div> <div class="email-alert-dialogue"> <script> function redirectToManageEmail() { var currentSubDomain = window.location.hostname.substr(0,window.location.hostname.indexOf(".")) var healioSubDomain = currentSubDomain === "cme" ? 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'/~/media/' + thumbnailid + '.ashx' : ''; if (thumbnailurl !== '') { $j(element).find("img").attr("src", thumbnailurl); $j(element).find("img").attr("alt", rec.title); $j(element).find("img").removeClass("d-none"); } } var collectionArticle = $j(element.find(".collection-article")); if (rec.collectionarticleid !== '' && rec.collectionarticleid !== undefined && rec.collectionarticleid !== null) { $j(collectionArticle).find("a").html(rec.collectionarticletitle); $j(collectionArticle).find("a").attr("href", "/find/" + rec.collectionarticleid.toString().toLowerCase()); } return true; } </script> </section> </main> <!-- /content --> <!-- footer --> <div data-component="HealioFooter"> <footer class="m-0 p-0"> <div class="footer footer__desktop d-none d-md-block"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row utility-navigation"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-5 col-lg-4 utility-nav-col"> <h5>Follow Healio</h5> <ul class="social-links"> <li> <a class="twitter" 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value="fb5fe6f3-92b2-412b-bd81-11cadba5f844">Hematology Oncology</option> <option value="279bd995-0e10-4f03-a891-8ceeb719e2bc">Infectious Disease</option> <option value="5accd240-71b8-49e4-b2c5-0a0275f4f59e">Nephrology</option> <option value="808c854d-8ae4-476c-a492-64e1fb097a96">Ophthalmology</option> <option value="acd7e47c-87c4-45e2-8f37-67f728527137">Optometry</option> <option value="8809f458-c998-4969-b93b-fa1c0e015172">Orthopedics</option> <option value="7772b13b-b3c6-4940-941b-a14c599f0f9b">Pediatrics</option> <option value="81281783-f73c-4646-958a-0d4221a98089">Primary Care</option> <option value="3213a95d-8428-42f2-b1bc-51c37b38d7dc">Psychiatry</option> <option value="69d51b3f-cc00-4866-88a4-e778642f684e">Pulmonology</option> <option value="5feed363-6a88-4f26-8c70-4185f5fe4899">Rheumatology</option> <option value="878db4b8-15e7-40f2-9e0d-36b721d6a197">Spine Surgery</option> </select> </div> <div class="form-group"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" id="btnFooterSignup" data-action="emailregister" data-loading-text="Loading <i class='fa fa-spinner fa-spin'></i>" data-crm-source="Email Signup Footer" data-eolist="1a04f678-f0cc-e111-a56b-a4badb296aa8,4ab5a55a-f0cc-e111-a56b-a4badb296aa8,0712c166-f0cc-e111-a56b-a4badb296aa8" data-sendnotification="1" data-signup-response="[{&quot;Name&quot;:&quot;EmailSignupFooterMessage101&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;<div class='register-modal'><h3 style='margin:0px;'>Your email preferences have been saved!</h3><h4 style='color: #555; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0;'>Tailor your Healio experience even further.</h4><button data-dismiss='modal' onclick='showregisterwithemail();return false;' class='btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block'>Complete your profile now</button></div>&quot;},{&quot;Name&quot;:&quot;EmailSignupFooterMessage102&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;<div class='register-modal'><h3 style='margin:0px;'>Your email preferences have been saved!</h3><h4 style='color: #555; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0;'>Tailor your Healio experience even further.</h4><button data-dismiss='modal' onclick='showregisterwithemail();return false;' class='btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block'>Complete your profile now</button></div>&quot;},{&quot;Name&quot;:&quot;EmailSignupFooterMessage103&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;<div class='register-modal'><h3 style='margin:0px;'>Your email preferences have been saved!</h3><h4 style='color: #555; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0;'>Your profile is almost complete.</h4><button data-dismiss='modal' onclick='showregisterwithemail();return false;' class='btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block'>Create your password</button></div>&quot;},{&quot;Name&quot;:&quot;EmailSignupFooterMessage104&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;<div class='register-modal'><h3 style='margin:0px;'>Your email preferences have been saved!</h3><button data-dismiss='modal' class='btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block'>Back to Healio</button></div>&quot;}]"> Subscribe </button> </div> </div> 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class="col"> <h5>Healio.com</h5> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/healio-dot-com/publications" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Publications <span class="sr-only">Publications</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/healio-dot-com/contact-the-news-desk" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Contact the News Desk <span class="sr-only">Contact the News Desk</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/healio-dot-com/feedback" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Contact Us <span class="sr-only">Contact Us</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/healio-dot-com/about-the-wyanoke-group" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> About the Wyanoke Group <span class="sr-only">About the Wyanoke Group</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a 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target="" data-display-item="1"> Feedback <span class="sr-only">Feedback</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/healio-dot-com/healio-network" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Healio Network <span class="sr-only">The Healio Network</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/healio-dot-com/sitemap" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Sitemap <span class="sr-only">Sitemap</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <h5>Legal</h5> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/legal/do-not-sell-my-personal-information" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Do Not Sell My Personal Information <span class="sr-only">Do Not Sell My Personal Information</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/legal/editorial-policy-and-philosophy" class="" target="" 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value="d619ef38-730a-4509-97ce-8b20c51c7da1">Aesthetics/Plastic Surgery</option> <option value="c6ebeb4b-444a-4fa0-aac6-885017c82b0f">Allergy &amp; Asthma</option> <option value="b1d86887-6e09-48e4-b176-1b76ba899125">Cardiac/Vascular Intervention</option> <option value="f06e47b7-4648-45b0-8856-f1adbc481bff">Cardiology</option> <option value="905a9458-9bbd-451b-87be-d66fc89007bb">Dermatology</option> <option value="1a1b7018-88fb-4559-8970-219e9941740c">Endocrinology</option> <option value="61893e4c-f9ce-4808-a933-8d5114965a49">Gastroenterology/Hepatology</option> <option value="fb5fe6f3-92b2-412b-bd81-11cadba5f844">Hematology Oncology</option> <option value="279bd995-0e10-4f03-a891-8ceeb719e2bc">Infectious Disease</option> <option value="5accd240-71b8-49e4-b2c5-0a0275f4f59e">Nephrology</option> <option value="808c854d-8ae4-476c-a492-64e1fb097a96">Ophthalmology</option> <option value="acd7e47c-87c4-45e2-8f37-67f728527137">Optometry</option> <option value="8809f458-c998-4969-b93b-fa1c0e015172">Orthopedics</option> <option value="7772b13b-b3c6-4940-941b-a14c599f0f9b">Pediatrics</option> <option value="81281783-f73c-4646-958a-0d4221a98089">Primary Care</option> <option value="3213a95d-8428-42f2-b1bc-51c37b38d7dc">Psychiatry</option> <option value="69d51b3f-cc00-4866-88a4-e778642f684e">Pulmonology</option> <option value="5feed363-6a88-4f26-8c70-4185f5fe4899">Rheumatology</option> <option value="878db4b8-15e7-40f2-9e0d-36b721d6a197">Spine Surgery</option> </select> </div> <div class="form-group"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" id="btnFooterSignup" data-action="emailregister" data-loading-text="Loading <i class='fa fa-spinner fa-spin'></i>" data-crm-source="Email Signup Footer" data-eolist="1a04f678-f0cc-e111-a56b-a4badb296aa8,4ab5a55a-f0cc-e111-a56b-a4badb296aa8,0712c166-f0cc-e111-a56b-a4badb296aa8" data-sendnotification="1" data-signup-response="[{&quot;Name&quot;:&quot;EmailSignupFooterMessage101&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;<div class='register-modal'><h3 style='margin:0px;'>Your email preferences have been saved!</h3><h4 style='color: #555; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0;'>Tailor your Healio experience even further.</h4><button data-dismiss='modal' onclick='showregisterwithemail();return false;' class='btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block'>Complete your profile now</button></div>&quot;},{&quot;Name&quot;:&quot;EmailSignupFooterMessage102&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;<div class='register-modal'><h3 style='margin:0px;'>Your email preferences have been saved!</h3><h4 style='color: #555; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0;'>Tailor your Healio experience even further.</h4><button data-dismiss='modal' onclick='showregisterwithemail();return false;' class='btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block'>Complete your profile now</button></div>&quot;},{&quot;Name&quot;:&quot;EmailSignupFooterMessage103&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;<div class='register-modal'><h3 style='margin:0px;'>Your email preferences have been saved!</h3><h4 style='color: #555; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0;'>Your profile is almost complete.</h4><button data-dismiss='modal' onclick='showregisterwithemail();return false;' class='btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block'>Create your password</button></div>&quot;},{&quot;Name&quot;:&quot;EmailSignupFooterMessage104&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;<div class='register-modal'><h3 style='margin:0px;'>Your email preferences have been saved!</h3><button data-dismiss='modal' class='btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block'>Back to Healio</button></div>&quot;}]"> Subscribe </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- accordion --> <div id="accordion" class="accordion" role="tablist"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-header" id="headingOne"> <h5 class="mb-0"> <a class="btn btn-link" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" data-target="" href="#collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseOne"> Account Information </a> </h5> </div> <div id="collapseOne" class="collapse" aria-labelledby="headingOne" data-parent="#accordion"> <div class="card-body"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="d-none"> <a href="javascript:$j.get('/utilityapp/json/na/li/healiotwo/{ACC50322-FB7D-42FC-940E-84BDDAD3B84D}',function (data){$j('body').append(data);})" class="" target="" data-display-item="2"> <span class="sr-only">My Saved Anonymous User</span> </a> </li> <li class="d-none"> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/account-information/my-account/my-saved-pages" class="" target="" data-display-item="3"> My Saved <span class="sr-only">My Saved Known User</span> </a> </li> <li class="d-none"> <a href="javascript:void($j.get('/utilityapp/json/na/li/healiotwo/{ACC50322-FB7D-42FC-940E-84BDDAD3B84D}',function (data){$j('body').append(data);}))" class="" target="" data-display-item="2"> Login <span class="sr-only">Login</span> </a> </li> <li class="nav-item link-login d-none"> <a href="javascript:;" class="nav-link logout-user" target="" data-display-item="3"> Log Out <span class="sr-only">Log Out</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/account-information/update-publication-mailing-address" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Update Publication Mailing Address <span class="sr-only">Update Publication Mailing Address</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/subscribe" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Subscribe <span class="sr-only">Subscribe Or Buy</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/account-information/institutional-and-library-subscriptions" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Institutional and Library Subscriptions <span class="sr-only">Institutional and 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href="javascript:$j.get('/utilityapp/json/na/ce/healiotwo/{ACC50322-FB7D-42FC-940E-84BDDAD3B84D}',function (data){$j('body').append(data);})" class="" target="" data-display-item="2"> Website Registration <span class="sr-only">Website Registration</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card"> <div class="card-header" id="headingTwo"> <h5 class="mb-0"> <a class="btn btn-link" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapseTwo" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseTwo"> Healio.com </a> </h5> </div> <div id="collapseTwo" class="collapse" aria-labelledby="headingTwo" data-parent="#accordion"> <div class="card-body"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/healio-dot-com/publications" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Publications <span class="sr-only">Publications</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/healio-dot-com/contact-the-news-desk" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Contact the News Desk <span class="sr-only">Contact the News Desk</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/healio-dot-com/feedback" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Contact Us <span class="sr-only">Contact Us</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/healio-dot-com/about-the-wyanoke-group" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> About the Wyanoke Group <span class="sr-only">About the Wyanoke Group</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220406131540/https://careers.healio.com/" class="" target="_blank" data-display-item="1" rel="nofollow"> Healio Jobs <i class="fas fa-external-link"><span class="sr-only">Healio Jobs</span></i> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/healio-dot-com/advertising-information" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Advertising Information <span class="sr-only">Advertising Information</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/healio-dot-com/reprints" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Reprints <span class="sr-only">Reprints</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/healio-dot-com/about-healio" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> About Healio <span class="sr-only">About Healio</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/healio-dot-com/feedback" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Feedback <span class="sr-only">Feedback</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/healio-dot-com/healio-network" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Healio Network <span class="sr-only">The Healio Network</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/healio-dot-com/sitemap" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Sitemap <span class="sr-only">Sitemap</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card"> <div class="card-header" id="headingThree"> <h5 class="mb-0"> <a class="btn btn-link" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion" href="#collapseThree" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseThree"> Legal </a> </h5> </div> <div id="collapseThree" class="collapse" aria-labelledby="headingThree" data-parent="#accordion"> <div class="card-body"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/legal/do-not-sell-my-personal-information" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Do Not Sell My Personal Information <span class="sr-only">Do Not Sell My Personal Information</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/legal/editorial-policy-and-philosophy" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Editorial Policy and Philosophy <span class="sr-only">Editorial Policy and Philosophy</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/legal/terms-and-conditions" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Terms and Conditions <span class="sr-only">Terms and Conditions</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/legal/permissions" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Permissions <span class="sr-only">Permissions</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/legal/medical-disclaimer" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Medical Disclaimer <span class="sr-only">Medical Disclaimer</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20220406131540/https://www.healio.com/footer/legal/privacy-policy" class="" target="" data-display-item="1"> Privacy Policy <span class="sr-only">Privacy Policy</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div><!-- /accordion --> <div class="copyright"> <p>&copy; 2022 Healio All Rights Reserved.</p> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <!-- /footer --> <!-- Healio Error Modal --> <div class="modal fade show" data-modal="healioError" data-component="HealioErrorModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-label="healioError" aria-modal="true" style="display:none;"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true"><i class="fal fa-times"></i></span> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <h2>We’re sorry, but an unexpected error has occurred. </h2> <b> Please refresh your browser and try again. If this error persists, please contact <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220406131540/mailto:itsupport@wyanokegroup.com">ITSupport@wyanokegroup.com</a> for assistance. </b> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button data-dismiss="modal" class="btn btn-outline-tertiary btn-block mx-auto mx-md-0"> Close </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Healio Error Modal --> <div class="modal fade show" data-modal="emailSignUpSuccess" data-component="EmailSignUpSuccessModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-label="emailSignUpSuccess" aria-modal="true" style="display:none;"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> </div> <div class="modal-body"> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <style> @media (min-width: 992px) { .sticky-ad { position: sticky; position: -webkit-sticky; top: 20px; padding-bottom: 0 !important; } [data-adrendered="2"].ad__medium-rectangle { padding-bottom: 160px; } } </style> <script id="h5dfpscript" type="text/javascript"> // ReSharper disable PossiblyUnassignedProperty // ReSharper disable Html.EventNotResolved function isInView(thisAd, posBuffer, isMobile) { return true; var bounding = thisAd.getBoundingClientRect(); var windowHeight = (window.innerHeight || document.documentElement.clientHeight); if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log({ thisAd: thisAd, isInView: (bounding.bottom <= (windowHeight + posBuffer) && (!isMobile || (bounding.bottom >= posBuffer || bounding.bottom >= -(posBuffer)))), adBottom: bounding.bottom, winheight: (windowHeight + posBuffer) }); return (bounding.bottom <= (windowHeight + posBuffer) && (!isMobile || (bounding.bottom >= posBuffer || bounding.bottom >= -(posBuffer)))); } function displayAd(adslot){ if (window.browsitag && adslot.id !== "Healio5Interstitial"){ window.browsitag.cmd.push(function () { var sizes = adslot.id === "TopLeaderboard" ? [{ w: 728, h: 90 }] : [{ w: 300, h: 600 }, { w: 300, h: 250 }]; var position = isMobile.any() ? "in-content" : (adslot.id === "TopLeaderboard" ? "top" : "right-rail"); window.browsitag.display(adslot.id, { sizes: sizes, adUnit: adslot.adUnitPath, disableViewabilityOptimization: false, positionTag: position }); }); }else { var googleSlot = window.googletag.defineSlot(adslot.adUnitPath, adslot.dimensions, adslot.id).addService(window.googletag.pubads()); window.googletag.display(googleSlot); } } function tryRenderAdSlot(ads, mobileAd) { if (mobileAd === undefined || mobileAd === null) mobileAd = false; var thisAd = (Array.isArray(ads) ? ads.pop() : ads); if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log('Trying to render ad ' + thisAd.id + ' | Is mobile? ' + mobileAd); if (thisAd.getAttribute("data-adrendered") !== "0") { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log("ad already rendered, skipping"); if (Array.isArray(ads) && ads.length > 0) return tryRenderAdSlot(ads, mobileAd); return true; } var posBuffer = -50; var distance = (parseInt(thisAd.getAttribute("data-distance"), 10)); if (distance > 49) distance = distance - 48; // account for fixed 48px margin //first mr on desktop if (distance === 0 && mobileAd === false) { var classNameHolder = thisAd.className; thisAd.className = thisAd.getAttribute("data-cssclass"); if (thisAd.classList.contains("ad__medium-rectangle")){ $j(".sticky-ad").removeClass("sticky-ad"); thisAd.classList.add("sticky-ad"); } thisAd.setAttribute("data-adrendered", "2"); var adSlot = { id: thisAd.getAttribute('id'), name: thisAd.getAttribute('data-slotname'), dimensions: eval(thisAd.getAttribute('data-slotdimensions')), adUnitPath: '/136749668/' + thisAd.getAttribute('data-slotname') } displayAd(adSlot); if (Array.isArray(ads) && ads.length > 0) return tryRenderAdSlot(ads, mobileAd); return true; } else { // We have a distance restriction // Find the previous sibling that is an ad var prevAd = thisAd.previousElementSibling; while (prevAd !== null && prevAd !== undefined && !prevAd.classList.contains("ad-unit")) prevAd = prevAd.previousElementSibling; //wait until the previous ad has been considered viewable before loading the next ad if (mobileAd === false && prevAd !== undefined && prevAd !== null && !window.viewedAds.includes(prevAd.id)) { return false; } var prevSibling = thisAd.previousElementSibling; var prevSiblingOffset = (prevSibling !== undefined && prevSibling !== null ? (prevSibling.offsetTop + prevSibling.offsetHeight) : 0); var diff = (prevSiblingOffset > 0 ? (prevSiblingOffset - (prevAd != undefined ? (prevAd.offsetTop + prevAd.offsetHeight) : 0)) : 0); var padding = ((diff < distance) ? (distance - diff) : 0); padding = padding - 592; var projectedBottom = (prevSiblingOffset + padding + thisAd.offsetHeight); var contentBottom = (window.contentBottom() + 1000 || 0); if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log({ thisAd: thisAd, adBottom: projectedBottom, pageBottom: contentBottom }); var diff = (contentBottom - projectedBottom); if (diff >= 410) { if (padding > 0 && mobileAd === false) { thisAd.style.setProperty('padding-bottom', (padding + "px")); } var classNameHolder2 = thisAd.className; thisAd.className = thisAd.getAttribute("data-cssclass"); //check if ad is in view if (isInView(thisAd, posBuffer, mobileAd)) { thisAd.setAttribute("data-adrendered", "3"); if (!mobileAd) { $j(".sticky-ad").removeClass("sticky-ad"); thisAd.classList.add("sticky-ad"); } var slotid2 = thisAd.getAttribute('id'); var slotname2 = thisAd.getAttribute('data-slotname'); var slotdimensions2 = eval(thisAd.getAttribute('data-slotdimensions')); var slotpath2 = '/136749668/' + slotname2; if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log({ slotDimensions: slotdimensions2 }); if (!Array.isArray(slotdimensions2) && slotdimensions2.length > 0) { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log('Slot Dimensions MUST be an array of [width,height] values'); if (Array.isArray(ads) && ads.length > 0) return tryRenderAdSlot(ads, mobileAd); return true; } if (!Array.isArray(slotdimensions2[0]) && slotdimensions2[0].length === 2) { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log('Slot Dimensions MUST be an array of [width,height] values'); if (Array.isArray(ads) && ads.length > 0) return tryRenderAdSlot(ads, mobileAd); return true; } if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log({ slotpath: slotpath2, slotDimensions: slotdimensions2, slotid: slotid2 }); var adSlot2 = { id: thisAd.getAttribute('id'), name: thisAd.getAttribute('data-slotname'), dimensions: eval(thisAd.getAttribute('data-slotdimensions')), adUnitPath: '/136749668/' + thisAd.getAttribute('data-slotname') } var diff = (contentBottom - projectedBottom); displayAd(adSlot2); if (Array.isArray(ads) && ads.length > 0) return tryRenderAdSlot(ads, mobileAd); return true; } thisAd.setAttribute("style", null); thisAd.classList.add("ad-unit-waiting"); // <-- we didn't fully render the ad, but we're holding a place for it. if (!mobileAd){ $j(".sticky-ad").removeClass("sticky-ad"); thisAd.classList.add("sticky-ad"); } if (Array.isArray(ads) && ads.length > 0) return tryRenderAdSlot(ads, mobileAd); } } return true; } function adRender(mobileAd) { if (mobileAd === undefined || mobileAd === null) mobileAd = false; if (mobileAd === false && window.innerWidth < 992) return false; window.adRenderRunning = true; var adlist = Array.prototype.slice.call(document.getElementsByClassName("ad-unit-waiting")).reverse(); if (Array.isArray(adlist) && adlist.length > 0) { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log('Found ' + adlist.length + ' ads to render- calling tryRenderAdSlot.'); tryRenderAdSlot(adlist, mobileAd); } window.adRenderRunning = false; return true; } //mobile only function moveAds() { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log('Moving ad slots...'); var currentIssues = document.querySelectorAll(".current-issue"); var isCurrentIssue = currentIssues !== null && currentIssues.length > 0; // need to include the "article" tag here var acArr = document.querySelectorAll(isCurrentIssue ? ".news-page__left-col" : ".article__content, article"); if (acArr === undefined || acArr === null || acArr.length < 1) return false; var articleContainer = acArr[0]; var contentType = $("meta[name='bi:content_type']").attr("content"); var isLIs = contentType === "Editorial Feature Listing Content"; var ul; if (isLIs) { var ulArr = articleContainer.querySelectorAll("ul:not(.references)"); if (ulArr !== undefined && ulArr !== null && ulArr.length > 0) ul = ulArr[0]; } var eArr = Array.prototype.slice.call(isLIs ? ul.querySelectorAll("li") : (isCurrentIssue ? currentIssues : articleContainer.querySelectorAll("p, video-js, [player_type='brightcove'],[navigation_type='collection']"))); var goodeles = []; eArr.forEach(function (ele) { //only include naked p tags and brightcove video p tags and definitely not intense debate p tags if (ele.tagName === "VIDEO-JS") { if (ele.parentElement.tagName !== "P") goodeles.push(ele); } else if (ele.tagName === "P") { if ((ele.classList.length === 0 || ele.classList.contains("article__video-player") || ele.classList.contains("BodyCxSpFirst") || ele.classList.contains("BodyCxSpMiddle") || ele.classList.contains("BodyCxSpLast")) && ele.id === "" && ele.parentElement.id !== "showHideAdminOpts" && ele.parentElement.id !== "divIdcSharePost" && ele.parentElement.id !== "idc-user_admin" && ele.parentElement.className !== "idc-subscribe-email" && ele.parentElement.id !== "IDfrmHeaderLogin" && ele.parentElement.id !== "divIdcShareBlog") { goodeles.push(ele); } } else { goodeles.push(ele); } }); eArr = goodeles; if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log({ list: eArr }); var adArr = Array.prototype.slice.call(document.getElementsByClassName("ad-mobile-dyn")).reverse(); if (adArr === undefined || adArr === null || adArr.length < 1) return false; if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log(adArr.length + ' available ads for mobile.'); // get the first qualifying element; var firstE; if (isLIs || isCurrentIssue) firstE = eArr[0]; else{ eArr.forEach(function (e) { if (e.parentElement.className === articleContainer.className || e.parentElement.tagName === 'DIV') { if ((firstE === undefined || firstE === null) && (e.innerText.split('.').length > 1 || e.innerText.length > 125 || e.classList.contains("article__video-player") || e.tagName === "VIDEO-JS" || e.getAttribute("player_type") !== null) && (e.closest(".trust-box") === null || e.closest(".trust-box") === undefined) || e.classList.contains("video-page-nav__primary")) { firstE = e; return true; } } return true; }); } if (firstE === undefined || firstE === null) { adArr.forEach(function(e) { $j(e).remove(); }); return false; } var firstAd = adArr.pop(); var li0 = document.createElement("LI"); li0.className = "ad-placeholder d-lg-none"; li0.appendChild(firstAd); firstE.parentNode.insertBefore(isLIs ? li0 : firstAd, firstE.nextSibling); var adPos = (firstE.getBoundingClientRect().bottom + 300); var nextAd = adArr.pop(); eArr.forEach(function (e) { if (nextAd === undefined || nextAd === null) { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log('nextAd is undefined or null'); return false; } var space = 200; /* parseInt((nextAd.getAttribute("data-distance") || "800"), 10); if (space === undefined || space === null) { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log('space is undefined or null'); return false; } */ if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log({ parapos: e.getBoundingClientRect().bottom, lastadpos: adPos, lastadplusspace: (adPos + space) }); if (e.getBoundingClientRect().bottom >= (adPos + space)) { var li = document.createElement("LI"); li.className = "ad-placeholder d-lg-none"; li.appendChild(nextAd); e.parentNode.insertBefore(isLIs ? li : nextAd, e.nextSibling); adPos = (e.getBoundingClientRect().bottom + 300); if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log('Ad placed after element begining with ' + $(e).html().substr(0, 25)); nextAd = adArr.pop(); } return true; }); // cleanup if (nextAd !== undefined && nextAd !== null) nextAd.parentNode.removeChild(nextAd); adArr.forEach(function (a) { a.parentNode.removeChild(a); }); adRender(true); return true; } function lazyload() { if (window.adRenderRunning === true) return false; if (document.getElementsByClassName("ad-unit-waiting").length < 1) return false; adRender(false); return true; } function tryRenderPopup(adLoadDelay) { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log("Try Render Popup: called"); // Drew 2020-06-17: if this is at least what we define as "tablet" size, // we'll try to show the popup ad if (screen.width >= 768) { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log("Try Render Popup: Device OK"); // trigger the popup ad if one exists and we meet the requirements if ($('.ad-modal').length > 0 && $('.ad-modal').find('.popup-ad').length > 0) { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log("Try Render Popup: Found Modal"); var popupAd = $('.ad-modal').find('.popup-ad')[0]; var loggedin = false; if ($j.jStorage.storageAvailable() === true) loggedin = $j.jStorage.get("ContactID", "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000").indexOf("00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000") > -1; if ($j.cookie('interstitial') === undefined) { if (loggedin|| $j.cookie('page_view_count') === undefined || parseInt("15") === 0 || (!loggedin && ((parseInt($j.cookie('page_view_count')) + 1) < parseInt("15")))) { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log("Try Render Popup: Pageview requirement met"); // make sure we're in focus, if not, we'll listen for the focus event and try again. if (document.hasFocus() === false) { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log("Try Render Popup: Not in focus"); $(window).one("focus", function () { tryRenderPopup(adLoadDelay); }); return false; } if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log("Try Render Popup: In focus"); // ok, we've met all of the requirements. googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotOnload', function (event) { if (!event.isEmpty) { window.setTimeout(function () { var slotElementId = event.slot.getSlotId().getDomId(); var slotElement = document.getElementById(slotElementId); if (slotElement.classList.contains('popup-ad') && $(slotElement).html().length > 0) { $("#modal" + slotElementId).on('shown.bs.modal', function () { $j.cookie('interstitial', '1', { domain: '', path: '/' }); window.setTimeout(function () { $("#modal" + slotElementId).modal('hide'); }, 15000); }); $("#modal" + slotElementId).modal("show"); } }, adLoadDelay); } }); popupAd.setAttribute("data-adrendered", "3"); var adSlot3 = { id: popupAd.getAttribute('id'), name: popupAd.getAttribute('data-slotname'), dimensions: eval(popupAd.getAttribute('data-slotdimensions')), adUnitPath: '/136749668/' + popupAd.getAttribute('data-slotname') } try { displayAd(adSlot3); } catch (err3) { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log(err3); } } } } } else { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log("Try Render Popup: Device too narrow ( less than 768px )"); } return true; } function firstLoad(isMobile, adLoadDelay) { if (isMobile) { window.setTimeout(function () { moveAds(); }, (adLoadDelay * 2)); } else { adRender(); } return true; } function adinit(retry) { if (retry === undefined || retry === null) retry = 0; if (retry > 9) { console.log("dfp retry exceeded..."); return false; } retry++; if (window.googletag.defineSlot === undefined) { console.log('Ads: Waiting for dfp [ ' + retry + ' ]...'); window.setTimeout(function () { return adinit(retry); }, 250); return false; } window.Context = window.Context || {}; window.Context.dfp = window.Context.dfp | {}; var url = window.location.href.toLowerCase(); var referrer = document.referrer.toLowerCase(); if ($j.cookie('tt') !== undefined) { window.trafficmedium = $j.cookie('tt'); } else { var res = (url.indexOf("outbrain") > -1 || url.indexOf("gclid=") > -1 || url.indexOf("gbraid=") > -1 || url.indexOf("wbraid=") > -1 || url.indexOf("utm_medium=cpc") > -1 || referrer.indexOf("gclid=") > -1 || referrer.indexOf("outbrain") > -1 || referrer.indexOf("gbraid=") > -1 || referrer.indexOf("wbraid=") > -1 || referrer.indexOf("utm_medium=cpc") > -1) ? "Paid" : "Organic"; window.trafficmedium = res; $j.cookie('tt', res, {domain: '',path: '/'}); } if ($j.cookie('ts') !== undefined) { window.trafficsource = $j.cookie('ts'); } else if (window.trafficmedium === "Paid") { if (url.indexOf("gclid=") > -1 || referrer.indexOf("gclid=") > -1) { window.trafficsource = "google display"; } var utmsource = getUrlQueryStringValueByName("utm_source"); if (utmsource !== undefined && utmsource !== null && utmsource !== "") { window.trafficsource = utmsource.toLowerCase(); } } else { if (referrer.indexOf("google") > -1) { window.trafficsource = "google search"; } } if ($j.cookie('ts') === undefined && window.trafficsource !== undefined && window.trafficsource !== null) { $j.cookie('ts', window.trafficsource, { domain: '', path: '/' }); } window.Context.isMobile = ((window.Context.isMobile) ||(typeof window.orientation !== "undefined") || (navigator.userAgent.indexOf('IEMobile') !== -1) || (window.innerWidth < 768) || window.isMobile.any()); var isMobile = window.Context.isMobile; var adLoadDelay = 400; // time in ms to wait for an ad to render before refreshing the layout. var contentTypeTag = document.querySelector('meta[name="bi:content_type"], meta[name="page_type"]'); var contentSetTag = document.querySelector('meta[name="content_set"]'); var contentSpecialtyTag = document.querySelector('meta[name="bi:primary_specialty"]'); var contentSubspecialtyTag = document.querySelector('meta[name="bi:primary_subspecialty"]'); var contentType = ((contentTypeTag !== undefined && contentTypeTag !== null) ? contentTypeTag.getAttribute("content") : '').replace(/[’']/g, ''); var contentSet = ((contentSetTag !== undefined && contentSetTag !== null) ? contentSetTag.getAttribute("content") : '').replace(/[’']/g, ''); var contentSpecialty = ((contentSpecialtyTag !== undefined && contentSpecialtyTag !== null) ? contentSpecialtyTag.getAttribute("content") : '').replace(/[’']/g, ''); var contentSubspecialty = ((contentSubspecialtyTag !== undefined && contentSubspecialtyTag !== null) ? contentSubspecialtyTag.getAttribute("content") : '').replace(/[’']/g, ''); //mobile if (isMobile) { $j(".article__content > p").first().after("<div id='FirstAd'></div>"); if ($j("#TopLeaderboard").length > 0) $j("#TopLeaderboard").remove(); if ($j("#BottomLeaderboard").length > 0) $j("#BottomLeaderboard").remove(); if (screen.width < 768) { if ($j("#modalHealio5Interstitial").length > 0) $j("#modalHealio5Interstitial").remove(); } } if (window.location.hostname.split('.')[0] !== 'www' || window.queryString.notarget !== undefined) googletag.pubads().setTargeting("usertype", "slack"); //negatively target against bad words var bodyText = $j('body').clone().find('script').remove().end().find('style').remove().end().text().trim(); var badWords = ['coronavirus', 'covid', 'covid19','covid 19']; var foundWords = []; badWords.forEach(function(value) { var regex = new RegExp(value, 'gi'); var res2=bodyText.match(regex); if (res2 && res2.length > 0) foundWords.push(value); }); if (foundWords && foundWords.length > 0) { console.log('Found bad words: ' + foundWords.join()); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("keyword", foundWords.join()); } if (window.queryString.notarget === undefined || window.queryString.notarget === '') { /* if (window.Visitor !== undefined && window.Visitor !== "" && window.Visitor !== null) { if (window.Visitor.isbot || window.Visitor.type === "DC") { return false; } var userisp = window.Visitor.isp; var badisps = ["XLHost.com Inc", "GTHost", "US Dedicated", "Cybercon.com", "LeaseWeb USA Inc.", "CloudFlare Inc.", "Nobis Technology Group LLC", "Akamai Technologies Inc.", "Secured Servers LLC", "Joe's Datacenter LLC", "HostDime.com Inc.", "Zscaler Inc.", "NOC4HOSTS Inc.", "Level 3 Communications Inc.", "DirectSpace Networks LLC.", "Host Virtual Inc", "Microsoft Corporation", "Amazon Technologies Inc.", "Google LLC", "Amazon.com Inc.", "Ventelo Hosting AS", "SurfControl Inc.", "Total Server Solutions L.L.C." ]; if (badisps.includes(userisp)) return false; } */ var specfunc = function() { var specs = []; if (window.Visitor && window.Visitor.usercontentspecialty) specs.push(window.Visitor.usercontentspecialty.replace(/[^a-zA-Z&\/\s]/g, '')); if (window.localStorage) { var specstorage = localStorage.getItem("contentspecialties"); specstorage = specstorage ? specstorage.split(',') : []; if (contentSpecialty && contentSpecialty !== '' && specstorage.indexOf(contentSpecialty) === -1) specstorage.splice(0,0,contentSpecialty.replace(/[^a-zA-Z&\/\s]/g, '')); if(specstorage.length > 3) specstorage.splice(2, 1); localStorage.setItem("contentspecialties", specstorage.toString()); specs = specs.concat(specstorage); } return specs.join(); }; var specstring = specfunc(); if (specstring) googletag.pubads().setTargeting("specialty", specstring); if (contentSpecialty !== '') { googletag.pubads().setTargeting("contentspecialty", contentSpecialty); } // use collection name instead of subspec when available if (("").length > 0) { googletag.pubads().setTargeting("collection", ""); } else { if (contentSubspecialty !== '') { googletag.pubads().setTargeting("contentsubspecialty", contentSubspecialty); } } if (contentType !== '') googletag.pubads().setTargeting("contenttype", contentType); if ("{17C7373E-161E-49C5-9756-0E1E392879C9}" !== '') googletag.pubads().setTargeting("documentid", "{17C7373E-161E-49C5-9756-0E1E392879C9}"); if (window.trafficmedium !== undefined) googletag.pubads().setTargeting("trafficmedium", window.trafficmedium); if (window.trafficsource !== undefined) googletag.pubads().setTargeting("trafficsource", decodeURI(window.trafficsource)); } window.viewedAds = []; googletag.pubads().addEventListener('impressionViewable', function (event) { var slotname = event.slot.getAdUnitPath(); window.viewedAds.push(slotname.replace("/136749668/Healio5_", "")); var eventparams = { 'event_category':'Viewability', 'event_action': 'Viewed', 'event_label': slotname.replace("//", "/"), 'non_interaction': true, 'value': 0 }; if (typeof (gtag) !== "undefined") { gtag('event', eventparams.event_action, eventparams); } }); googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { if (navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf('firefox') > -1) { var slotElementId = $j("#" + event.slot.getSlotElementId()).parent().parent()[0].id; if (event.size.length > 1) { console.group('Slot', slotElementId, 'finished rendering and its firefox'); console.log('Size:', event.size); console.log(slotElementId); console.groupEnd(); var h = event.size[1] + 8; if (slotElementId.toLowerCase().includes("medium")) { $j("#" + slotElementId + " div iframe").css({ "max-width": "320px", "width": "308px", "position": "relative", "right": "8px", "height": h }); } else if (slotElementId.toLowerCase().includes("topleaderboard")) { $j("#" + slotElementId + " div iframe").css({ "max-width": "744px", "width": "736px", "height": "99px"}); } } } }); window.googletag.cmd.push(function () { window.googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(true); window.googletag.enableServices(); }); firstLoad(isMobile, adLoadDelay); var efs = ["Central", "Hot Topics", "Awareness", "Video Perspectives", "Clinical Case Review"]; var isEf = new RegExp(efs.join("|")).test(""); if (!isEf){ tryRenderPopup(adLoadDelay); } googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotOnload', function (event) { var slotElementId = event.slot.getSlotId().getDomId(); var slotElement = document.getElementById(slotElementId); if (slotElement.classList.contains('popup-ad')) return false; if (!event.isEmpty) { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log(event.slot.getSlotId() + ' Ad placed, checking for content.'); if ($("#" + event.slot.getSlotId().getDomId()).html().length > 0) { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log(event.slot.getSlotId() + 'We seem to have content.'); // once we have a rendered ad slot it's safe to remove all other stickiness /*document.getElementsByClassName("sticky-ad").forEach(function (e) { if (e.id !== $j("#" + slotElementId).parent().parent()[0].id) e.classList.remove("sticky-ad"); });*/ } else { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log(event.slot.getSlotId() + 'We do not seem to have content.'); if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log(event.slot.getSlotId() + 'Ad empty, setting layout.'); $("#" + event.slot.getSlotId().getDomId()).closest('.ad-unit').remove(); } } else { if (console.log && window.queryString.verbose === '1') console.log(event.slot.getSlotId() + ' DFP error - Ad empty, setting layout.'); $("#" + event.slot.getSlotId().getDomId()).closest('.ad-unit').remove(); } return true; }); if (!isMobile) { var scrollTimeout; var throttle = 100; $(window).on('scroll', function () { if (!scrollTimeout) { scrollTimeout = setTimeout(function () { lazyload(); scrollTimeout = null; }, throttle); } }); } return true; } $j(document).ready(function () { if (window.Visitor === undefined && window.sessionStorage) window.Visitor = JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem("visitor", "")); if (window.Visitor !== undefined && window.Visitor !== "" && window.Visitor !== null && !window.Visitor.isbot && window.Visitor.type !== "DC") adinit(); else { window.addEventListener("globalsloaded", function () { //dont run if we're a bot if (window.Visitor !== undefined && window.Visitor !== "") { if (window.sessionStorage) sessionStorage.setItem("visitor", JSON.stringify(window.Visitor), "sessionStorage"); if (window.Visitor !== undefined && window.Visitor !== "" && window.Visitor !== null && !window.Visitor.isbot && window.Visitor.type !== "DC") adinit(); } }); } }); window.queryString = (window.queryString || {}); window.location.search.substring(1).split('&').forEach(function (param) { var kvp = param.split('='); if (kvp.length === 2 && kvp[0].length > 0 && kvp[1].length > 0 && !window.queryString.hasOwnProperty(kvp[0])) Object.defineProperty(window.queryString, kvp[0], { value: kvp[1] }); }); if (window.queryString.forcemobile === '1') window.orientation = window.orientation || {}; function getUrlQueryStringValueByName(name) { name = name.replace(/[\[]/, '\\[').replace(/[\]]/, '\\]'); var regex = new RegExp('[\\?&]' + name + '=([^&#]*)'); var results = regex.exec(location.search); return results === null ? 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